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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Účast_na_projektu_Manhattan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Účast_na_projektu_Manhattan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Účast na projektu Manhattan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Účast_na_projektu_Manhattan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Havárie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Havárie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Havárie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Havárie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Národní laboratoře Oak Ridge</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 24 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83_%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="مختبر أوك ردج الوطني – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مختبر أوك ردج الوطني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9E%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Национална лаборатория Оук Ридж – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Национална лаборатория Оук Ридж" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80" title="ওক রিজ ন্যাশনাল ল্যাবরেটরী – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওক রিজ ন্যাশনাল ল্যাবরেটরী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalna_laboratorija_Oak_Ridge" title="Nacionalna laboratorija Oak Ridge – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nacionalna laboratorija Oak Ridge" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratori_Nacional_d%27Oak_Ridge" title="Laboratori Nacional d'Oak Ridge – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Laboratori Nacional d'Oak Ridge" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratorio_Nacional_Oak_Ridge" title="Laboratorio Nacional Oak Ridge – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Laboratorio Nacional Oak Ridge" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AC" title="آزمایشگاه ملی اوک ریج – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آزمایشگاه ملی اوک ریج" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratoire_national_d%27Oak_Ridge" title="Laboratoire national d'Oak Ridge – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Laboratoire national d'Oak Ridge" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D6%84_%D5%8C%D5%AB%D5%BB%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Օք Ռիջի ազգային լաբորատորիա – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օք Ռիջի ազգային լաբորատորիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratorium_Nasional_Oak_Ridge" title="Laboratorium Nasional Oak Ridge – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Laboratorium Nasional Oak Ridge" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%B8%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="オークリッジ国立研究所 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オークリッジ国立研究所" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%A7%80_%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%EC%86%8C" title="오크리지 국립연구소 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오크리지 국립연구소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laborat%C3%B3rio_Nacional_de_Oak_Ridge" title="Laboratório Nacional de Oak Ridge – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Laboratório Nacional de Oak Ridge" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA-%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ок-Риджская национальная лаборатория – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ок-Риджская национальная лаборатория" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge_Ulusal_Laboratuvar%C4%B1" title="Oak Ridge Ulusal Laboratuvarı – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Oak Ridge Ulusal Laboratuvarı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9E%D1%83%D0%BA-%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Національна лабораторія Оук-Ридж – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Національна лабораторія Оук-Ридж" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A9%A1%E6%A0%91%E5%B2%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="橡树岭国家实验室 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="橡树岭国家实验室" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #2E73B9; color: white;">Národní laboratoře Oak Ridge</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory_Aerial_View.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory_Aerial_View.jpg/250px-Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory_Aerial_View.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory_Aerial_View.jpg/375px-Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory_Aerial_View.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory_Aerial_View.jpg/500px-Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory_Aerial_View.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1653" data-file-height="743" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Vznik</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Sídlo</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/Oak_Ridge_(Tennessee)" title="Oak Ridge (Tennessee)">Oak Ridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_st%C3%A1ty_americk%C3%A9" title="Spojené státy americké">Spojené státy americké</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Zem%C4%9Bpisn%C3%A9_sou%C5%99adnice" title="Zeměpisné souřadnice">Souřadnice</a></th><td class="plainlinks"><span class="wd"><span></span><span class="coordinates"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=cs&pagename=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD+laborato%C5%99e+Oak+Ridge&params=35.933333_N_-84.316667_E_type:landmark"><span style="white-space:pre">35°56′0″ s. š.</span>, <span style="white-space:pre">84°19′0″ z. d.</span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Mateřská organizace</th><td><span class="wd"><a href="/wiki/Ministerstvo_energetiky_Spojen%C3%BDch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF_americk%C3%BDch" title="Ministerstvo energetiky Spojených států amerických">Ministerstvo energetiky Spojených států amerických</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Počet zaměstnanců</th><td><span class="wd">3 800</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Oficiální web</th><td><span class="wd"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ornl.gov/">www<wbr />.ornl<wbr />.gov</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="mw-kartographer-container thumb tnone center"><div class="thumbinner" style="width: 240px;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme" style="width: 240px; height: 150px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="240" data-height="150" data-zoom="11" data-lat="35.933333" data-lon="-84.316667" data-overlays="["_5aacfa0a844b23fcba9d9a04cd4aca2a1a733e12"]" href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Map/11/35.933333/-84.316667/cs"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,11,35.933333,-84.316667,240x150.png?lang=cs&domain=cs.wikipedia.org&title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&revid=23278978&groups=_5aacfa0a844b23fcba9d9a04cd4aca2a1a733e12" width="240" height="150" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,11,35.933333,-84.316667,240x150@2x.png?lang=cs&domain=cs.wikipedia.org&title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&revid=23278978&groups=_5aacfa0a844b23fcba9d9a04cd4aca2a1a733e12 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Logo Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Oak Ridge National Laboratory">multimediální obsah</a></b> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:smaller;">Některá data mohou pocházet z <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714439" class="extiw" title="d:Q714439">datové položky</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Národní laboratoře Oak Ridge</b> (<span class="cizojazycne" lang="en" title="angličtina">Oak Ridge National Laboratory</span>, <b>ORNL</b>) jsou mnohaúčelové vědeckotechnické národní laboratoře sloužící <a href="/wiki/Ministerstvo_energetiky_USA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministerstvo energetiky USA">Ministerstvu energetiky USA</a>, řízené <a href="/w/index.php?title=UT-Battelle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UT-Battelle (stránka neexistuje)">UT-Battelle</a>, partnerskou společností mezi <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tennessee" title="University of Tennessee">University of Tennessee</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battelle_Memorial_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battelle Memorial Institute (stránka neexistuje)">Battelle Memorial Institute</a>. Nacházejí se v <a href="/wiki/Oak_Ridge_(Tennessee)" title="Oak Ridge (Tennessee)">Oak Ridge</a> v <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> poblíž <a href="/wiki/Knoxville_(Tennessee)" title="Knoxville (Tennessee)">Knoxville</a>. Vědci a technici se v laboratořích zabývají <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A1kladn%C3%AD_v%C3%BDzkum" title="Základní výzkum">základním</a> a <a href="/wiki/Aplikovan%C3%BD_v%C3%BDzkum" title="Aplikovaný výzkum">aplikovaným výzkumem</a>, aby získali vědecké poznatky a technologická řešení v oblastech vědy klíčových pro národní zájmy: zvýšit dostupnost čistých a bohatých zdrojů <a href="/wiki/Energie" title="Energie">energie</a>, přispět k obnově a ochraně <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivotn%C3%AD_prost%C5%99ed%C3%AD" title="Životní prostředí">životního prostředí</a> a národní bezpečnosti. </p><p>Laboratoře vykonávají také jiné práce pro Ministerstvo energetiky, včetně produkce <a href="/wiki/Izotop" title="Izotop">izotopů</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Informa%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_spr%C3%A1va&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Informační správa (stránka neexistuje)">informační správy</a>, správy technických programů, a zabezpečují <a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDzkum" title="Výzkum">výzkum</a> a technickou podporu jiným organizacím. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Účast_na_projektu_Manhattan"><span id=".C3.9A.C4.8Dast_na_projektu_Manhattan"></span>Účast na projektu Manhattan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Účast na projektu Manhattan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Účast na projektu Manhattan"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>V povodí <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_(%C5%99eka)" title="Tennessee (řeka)">řeky Tennessee</a> začala vláda první elektrárny stavět už v roce 1916. Roosevelt jmenoval do vedení Správy údolí Tennessee (Tennessee Valley Authority – TVA) pětapadesátiletého inženýra Arthura Morgana a čtyřiatřicetiletého právníka Davida Lilienthala. Přes 15 tisíc rodin farmářů se muselo vystěhovat, v roce 1942 pracovalo na dvanácti rozestavěných hydroelektrárnách 28 tisíc lidí. Díky dostatku elektřiny v údolí Tennessee tam mohli postavit továrnu na výrobu aluminia, které bylo zapotřebí pro vojenská letadla. A v Oak Ridge vybudovali v utajení rozsáhlé středisko na obohacování uranu pro atomové bomby v rámci <a href="/wiki/Projekt_Manhattan" title="Projekt Manhattan">projektu Manhattan</a>, což byl proces energeticky náročný. Řada těchto hydroelektráren tedy výrazně přispěla k vítězství Spojenců ve druhé světové válce.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br />David Lilienthal se stal v roce 1946 prvním předsedou Komise pro atomovou energii. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Havárie"><span id="Hav.C3.A1rie"></span>Havárie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Havárie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Havárie"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dne <a href="/wiki/2._z%C3%A1%C5%99%C3%AD" title="2. září">2. září</a> <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a> došlo v Národních laboratořích Oak Ridge v <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_st%C3%A1ty_americk%C3%A9" title="Spojené státy americké">USA</a> k jaderné havárii. V sále pro přepravu v laboratořích praskla potrubí. Zemřeli dva lidé a tři další byli zraněni. Parní potrubí se roztrhlo, přiváděná pára se smísila s prvkem na bázi <a href="/wiki/Uran_(prvek)" title="Uran (prvek)">uranu</a> a zformovala nebezpečnou <a href="/wiki/Kyselina_fluorovod%C3%ADkov%C3%A1" title="Kyselina fluorovodíková">kyselinu fluorovodíkovou</a>, která byla inhalována těmito pěti lidmi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="plainlinks"><i>V tomto článku byl použit <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:WikiProjekt_P%C5%99eklad/Rady" title="Wikipedie:WikiProjekt Překlad/Rady">překlad</a> textu z článku <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory?oldid=190686297"><span class="cizojazycne" lang="en" title="angličtina">Oak Ridge National Laboratory</span></a> na anglické Wikipedii.</i></span> </p> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pacner, Karel: Další doteky dějin, Plus 2013, 240 stran</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennessee_Valley_Authority">Tennessee Valley Authority</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oak_Ridge,_Tennessee">Oak Ridge, Tennessee</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Oak Ridge National Laboratory">Národní laboratoře Oak Ridge</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li></ul> <table class="plainlinks metadata noprint pahyl" cellpadding="2" style="background: transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pahýl"><img alt="Pahýl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a><figcaption>Pahýl</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><i>Tento článek je příliš stručný nebo <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pah%C3%BDl" title="Wikipedie:Pahýl">postrádá důležité informace</a>.<br />Pomozte Wikipedii tím, že jej vhodně <a class="external text" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99e_Oak_Ridge&action=edit">rozšíříte</a>. Nevkládejte však <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Autorsk%C3%A9_pr%C3%A1vo#Publikování_cizích_autorských_děl" title="Wikipedie:Autorské právo">bez oprávnění</a> cizí texty.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox noprint" title="Projekt Manhattan"><table title="" class="navbox-navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r17064757">.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal}</style><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <span class="navbox-titletext"><a href="/wiki/Projekt_Manhattan" title="Projekt Manhattan">Projekt Manhattan</a></span> </th> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Celkový přehled</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist"> <div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Projekt_Manhattan" title="Projekt Manhattan">Projekt Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Casov%C3%A1_osa_projektu_Manhattan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Časová osa projektu Manhattan (stránka neexistuje)">Časová osa projektu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomov%C3%A9_bombardov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_Hiro%C5%A1imy_a_Nagasaki" title="Atomové bombardování Hirošimy a Nagasaki">Bombardování Hirošimy a Nagasaki</a></li></ul></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Klíčová místa (zařízení)</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist"> <div> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanford_Site" title="Hanford Site">W = Hanford</a> <a href="/wiki/Reaktor_B" title="Reaktor B">(Reaktor B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Ridge_(Tennessee)" title="Oak Ridge (Tennessee)">X = Oak Ridge</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grafitov%C3%BD_reaktor_X-10" title="Grafitový reaktor X-10">Reaktor X-10</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_Y-12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komplex Y-12 (stránka neexistuje)">Y-12</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_K-25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komplex K-25 (stránka neexistuje)">K-25</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_S-50&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komplex S-50 (stránka neexistuje)">S-50</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">ORNL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Alamos" title="Los Alamos">Y = Los Alamos</a> (<a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_laborato%C5%99_Los_Alamos" title="Národní laboratoř Los Alamos">LANL</a>)</li> <li>Chicago (<a href="/wiki/Metalurgick%C3%A1_laborato%C5%99" title="Metalurgická laboratoř">Met Lab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Pile-1" title="Chicago Pile-1">Pile-1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_(jadern%C3%BD_test)" title="Trinity (jaderný test)">Trinity</a></li></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Klíčové osoby</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist"> <div> <li>Vědci: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Oppenheimer" title="Robert Oppenheimer">Robert Oppenheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Hans Bethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Niels Bohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norris_Bradbury" title="Norris Bradbury">Norris Bradbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">James Chadwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3_Szil%C3%A1rd" title="Leó Szilárd">Leó Szilárd</a>...</li> <li>Vojáci/vládní činitelé: <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Groves" title="Leslie Groves">Leslie Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sterling_Parsons" title="William Sterling Parsons">Deak Parsons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Strauss" title="Lewis Strauss">Lewis Strauss</a></li> <li>Fotografové/ostatní: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Aeby" title="Jack Aeby">Jack Aeby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlyn_Brixner" title="Berlyn Brixner">Berlyn Brixner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Westcott" title="Ed Westcott">Ed Westcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C3%9A%C4%8Dastn%C3%ADci_projektu_Manhattan" title="Kategorie:Účastníci projektu Manhattan">Další osoby...</a></li></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Bomby (Letadla)</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist"> <div> <li><a href="/wiki/The_gadget" title="The gadget">The gadget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy">Little Boy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Enola_Gay" title="Enola Gay">Enola Gay</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fat_Man" title="Fat Man">Fat Man</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bockscar" title="Bockscar">Bockscar</a>)</li></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Muzea/památky</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist"> <div> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Project_National_Historical_Park" title="Manhattan Project National Historical Park">Manhattan Project National Historical Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradbury_Science_Museum" title="Bradbury Science Museum">Bradbury Science Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Museum_of_Science_and_Energy" title="American Museum of Science and Energy">AMSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Nuclear_Science_%26_History" title="National Museum of Nuclear Science & History">NMoNSH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_pam%C3%A1tka_Hanford_Reach" title="Národní památka Hanford Reach">Hanford Reach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_muzeum_Letectva_Spojen%C3%BDch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF_americk%C3%BDch" title="Národní muzeum Letectva Spojených států amerických">NMUSAF</a></li></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Film/knihy</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist"> <div> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppenheimer_(film)" title="Oppenheimer (film)">Oppenheimer (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Prometheus" title="American Prometheus">American Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasn%C4%9Bj%C5%A1%C3%AD_ne%C5%BE_tis%C3%ADc_slunc%C3%AD" title="Jasnější než tisíc sluncí">Jasnější než tisíc sluncí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">R. Feynman</a>: <a href="/wiki/To_snad_nemysl%C3%ADte_v%C3%A1%C5%BEn%C4%9B!" title="To snad nemyslíte vážně!">To snad nemyslíte vážně!</a></li></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">Ostatní</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist"> <div> <li><a href="/wiki/Alsos" title="Alsos">Alsos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein-Szil%C3%A1rd%C5%AFv_list" title="Einstein-Szilárdův list">Einstein-Szilárdův list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szil%C3%A1rdova_petice" title="Szilárdova petice">Szilárdova petice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operace_Peppermint" title="Operace Peppermint">Operace Peppermint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RaLa_experiment" title="RaLa experiment">RaLa experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverplate" title="Silverplate">Silverplate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinitit" title="Trinitit">Trinitit</a></li></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox2,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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