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class="mw-page-title-main">OCZ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ_Technology" title="OCZ Technology – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="OCZ Technology" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B2%D8%AF" title="اوسی‌زد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اوسی‌زد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ_Technology" title="OCZ Technology – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="OCZ Technology" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ" title="OCZ – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="OCZ" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ_Technology" title="OCZ Technology – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="OCZ Technology" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ" title="OCZ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="OCZ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ_Storage_Solutions" title="OCZ Storage Solutions – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="OCZ Storage Solutions" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ" title="OCZ – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="OCZ" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ" title="OCZ – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="OCZ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCZ_Technology" title="OCZ Technology – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="OCZ Technology" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Former American computer hardware manufacturer</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">OCZ Storage Solutions</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OCZ_Storage_Solutions_(logo).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/db/OCZ_Storage_Solutions_%28logo%29.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="51" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="141" data-file-height="36" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">OCZ Technology (2002-2014)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiary</a> of <a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/OTC_Markets_Group" title="OTC Markets Group">OTC Pink</a>: OCZTQ</li><li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a>: OCZ</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Computer_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer industry">Computer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessors</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indilinx" title="Indilinx">Indilinx</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">August 2002<span class="noprint">; 22 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2002-08</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Ryan Petersen</li><li>Bhulinder Sethi</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">April 1, 2016<span class="noprint">; 8 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">2016-04-01</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fate</th><td class="infobox-data">Dissolved and absorbed into Toshiba, then spun off into Kioxia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successors</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kioxia" title="Kioxia">Kioxia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Ralph Schmitt (CEO)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Solid-state_drives" class="mw-redirect" title="Solid-state drives">Solid-state drives</a> <a href="/wiki/Random_Access_Memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Random Access Memory">Random Access Memory</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">550 (April 24, 2013)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kioxia" title="Kioxia">Kioxia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indilinx" title="Indilinx">Indilinx</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ocz.com">ocz<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>OCZ</b> was a brand of <a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a> that was used for some of its <a href="/wiki/Solid-state_drive" title="Solid-state drive">solid-state drives</a> (SSDs) before they were rebranded with Toshiba. <b>OCZ Storage Solutions</b> was a manufacturer of SSDs based in <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a>, USA and was the new company formed after the sale of <i>OCZ Technology Group</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s SSD assets to <a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba Corporation</a>. Since entering the memory market as <i>OCZ Technology</i> in 2002, the company has targeted its products primarily at the computer hardware enthusiast market, producing performance <a href="/wiki/DDR_SDRAM" title="DDR SDRAM">DDR SDRAM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Video_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Video card">video cards</a>, <a href="/wiki/USB_mass_storage_device_class" title="USB mass storage device class">USB drives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Power_supply_unit_(computer)" title="Power supply unit (computer)">power supply units</a>, and various cooling products. </p><p>OCZ Storage Solutions was dissolved on April 1, 2016 and absorbed into Toshiba America Electronic Components, Inc,<sup id="cite_ref-CompanyWebsite_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CompanyWebsite-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Valich_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Valich-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which later then became <a href="/wiki/Kioxia" title="Kioxia">Kioxia</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OCZ&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ocztechnology_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/77/Ocztechnology_logo.png/220px-Ocztechnology_logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/77/Ocztechnology_logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="85" /></a><figcaption>OCZ Technology logo (2002-2014)</figcaption></figure> <p>OCZ was originally called "The Overclockerz Store" when it was founded by Ryan Petersen in 2000 selling <a href="/wiki/Overclocking" title="Overclocking">overclocked</a> <a href="/wiki/Athlon" title="Athlon">Athlon</a> processors. San Jose, California-based OCZ Technology Group, Inc. was founded in 2002 by Ryan Petersen and Bhulinder Sethi. </p><p>OCZ maintained satellite offices in The Netherlands, United Kingdom, and Israel along with manufacturing and <a href="/wiki/Logistics" title="Logistics">logistics</a> facilities in Taiwan. In June 2006, OCZ went public on the <a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Stock Exchange</a> <a href="/wiki/Alternative_Investment_Market" title="Alternative Investment Market">Alternative Investment Market</a> (LSE AIM), with the ticker symbol "OCZ". On May 25, 2007, OCZ acquired <a href="/wiki/PC_Power_%26_Cooling" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Power & Cooling">PC Power & Cooling</a>, whose products include power supplies.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PC Power & Cooling is in <a href="/wiki/Carlsbad,_California" title="Carlsbad, California">Carlsbad, California</a>. It operated as a separate satellite office for OCZ and maintained its own product lines, although OCZ later launched OCZ-branded power supply models as well. In early March 2009, OCZ announced their intent to <a href="/wiki/Listing_(finance)#Delisting" title="Listing (finance)">delist</a> from the LSE to pursue a listing on an American stock exchange. On April 24, 2010, OCZ announced a listing on <a href="/wiki/NASDAQ" class="mw-redirect" title="NASDAQ">NASDAQ</a> with the ticker symbol "OCZ". </p><p>In September 2010 OCZ announced the RevoDrive, which is a bootable PCI-E drive for the enthusiast market. It also recently announced an SSD interface called High Speed Data Link (HSDL), which is a PCIe/SAS hybrid interface, along with corresponding products to implement it.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2012, OCZ's SSDs offered up to a 1 TB capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2010, OCZ acquired <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a> from Solid Data Inc., for <a href="/wiki/Fibre_Channel" title="Fibre Channel">Fibre Channel</a>, SAS, and controller assets for solid state drives. The cost was approximately $950,000, paid with restricted common stock and cash.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>OCZ discontinued all RAM production, citing poor market performance and the weakening global <a href="/wiki/DRAM" class="mw-redirect" title="DRAM">DRAM</a> market, by the end of their 2010 <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year" title="Fiscal year">fiscal year</a> on February 28, 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2011, OCZ acquired <a href="/wiki/Indilinx" title="Indilinx">Indilinx</a> Company, Limited, a privately-held <a href="/wiki/Fabless_manufacturing" title="Fabless manufacturing">fabless</a> provider of <a href="/wiki/Flash_controller" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash controller">flash controller</a> <a href="/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon">silicon</a> and software for SSDs, for approximately $32 million of OCZ common stock.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 5, 2011, OCZ announced an intent to acquire <a href="/wiki/PLX_Technology" title="PLX Technology">PLX Technology</a>'s Abingdon R&D department (formerly Oxford Semiconductor), which specializes in storage SoC development.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012 OCZ acquired Sanrad Inc., a privately-held provider of <a href="/wiki/Flash_memory" title="Flash memory">flash</a> <a href="/wiki/Caching" class="mw-redirect" title="Caching">caching</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virtualization" title="Virtualization">virtualization</a> software and hardware from the <a href="/wiki/RAD_Group" title="RAD Group">RAD Group</a>; Sanrad became the OCZ Israel office.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reports in 2012 indicated that a possible acquisition of OCZ by <a href="/wiki/Seagate_Technology" title="Seagate Technology">Seagate Technology</a> fell through.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 17, 2012, founder and CEO Ryan Petersen was fired by his <a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">board of directors</a>, and chief marketing officer Alex Mei was appointed as interim CEO.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Media outlets speculated that Ryan was ousted by the board of directors.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 2010s, SSD devices with the OCZ brand that use <a href="/wiki/SATA_III" class="mw-redirect" title="SATA III">SATA III</a>, <a href="/wiki/PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serial_attached_SCSI" class="mw-redirect" title="Serial attached SCSI">Serial attached SCSI</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/USB_3.0" title="USB 3.0">USB 3.0</a> interfaces, for both client and enterprise applications were produced and marketed. OCZ-branded power supply units were also manufactured. </p><p>On October 10, 2012, OCZ appointed board member Ralph Schmitt as the company's president and CEO. Schmitt joined OCZ from PLX, where he served as president and CEO since 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accounting_practices">Accounting practices</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OCZ&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Accounting practices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several <a href="/wiki/Shareholder" title="Shareholder">shareholder</a> lawsuits revolved around questionable accounting practices during 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2013 the NASDAQ gave OCZ until September 16, 2013 to file its delayed earnings.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company was several quarters late in filing and restated earnings back to 2008. </p><p>On September 12, 2013, the company disclosed it would not meet the deadline, which was then extended to October 7.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2013 saw OCZ's revenue fall steeply from $88.6 million in the second fiscal quarter of 2012 to $33.5 million in the second fiscal quarter of 2013, while financial losses increased. OCZ took a $30 million loan at a steep 15% <a href="/wiki/Interest_rate" title="Interest rate">interest rate</a> from Hercules Technology Growth Capital. Because OCZ put in their own firm as collateral for the loan, Hercules Technology Growth Capital would gain ownership of OCZ if OCZ failed to repay the loan.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After failing to meet the term of the loan, it was extended to June 2014, with the share price dropping 40% on November 4, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 25, 2013, Hercules took control of OCZ's bank accounts because it was not in compliance with the conditions of the loan. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Securities and Exchange Commission">Securities and Exchange Commission</a> charged former CEO Ryan Petersen and former CFO Arthur Knap for accounting failures. In a complaint filed in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_District_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern District of California">Northern District of California</a>, the SEC alleged that OCZ's former CEO Ryan Petersen engaged in a scheme to materially inflate OCZ's revenues and gross margins from 2010 to 2012. It separately charged OCZ's former chief financial officer Arthur Knapp for certain accounting, disclosure, and internal accounting controls failures at OCZ. Knapp agreed to settle the SEC's charges without admitting the allegations against him. As of 2015, the SEC's litigation continued against Petersen, and finally came to a close in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Toshiba_acquisition">Toshiba acquisition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OCZ&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Toshiba acquisition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On November 27, 2013, OCZ Technology stock was halted. OCZ then stated they expected to file a petition for bankruptcy and that <a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba Corporation</a> had expressed interest in purchasing its assets in a bankruptcy proceeding.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 2, 2013, OCZ announced Toshiba had agreed to purchase nearly all of OCZ's assets for $35 million.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deal was completed on January 21, 2014 when the assets of OCZ Technology Group became a new independently operated subsidiary of Toshiba named OCZ Storage Solutions.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> OCZ Technology Group then changed its name to ZCO Liquidating Corporation;<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on August 18, 2014, ZCO Liquidating Corporation and its subsidiaries were liquidated.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2014, the <a href="/wiki/PC_Power_%26_Cooling" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Power & Cooling">PC Power & Cooling</a> subsidiary was sold to FirePower Technology. </p><p>OCZ Storage Solutions was dissolved on April 1, 2016 and absorbed into Toshiba America Electronic Components, Inc.,<sup id="cite_ref-CompanyWebsite_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CompanyWebsite-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Valich_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Valich-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with OCZ becoming a brand of Toshiba. Toshiba later reorganized its memory products division under a new company and brand, <a href="/wiki/Kioxia" title="Kioxia">Kioxia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reliability_history">Reliability history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OCZ&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Reliability history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>OCZ-branded SSDs were notable for high failure rates. Two lines from the old OCZ Technology Group, the Petrol and the <a href="/wiki/SATA_II" class="mw-redirect" title="SATA II">SATA II</a> versions of the Octane, had return rates of over 40% at one anonymous French technology online retailer. The SATA II version of the 128 GB Octane had a return rate of 52.07%. No other company had any SSDs with a return rate of over 5% from this retailer in the data set that was published on March 5, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a <a href="/wiki/Dataset" class="mw-redirect" title="Dataset">dataset</a> published on April 30, 2014, OCZ again had the highest return rates from the same anonymous retailer.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next dataset, published on November 6, 2014, shows only one OCZ drive, the OCZ Agility 3 480 GB, which had a much lower return rate of 1.34%.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>KitGuru tested five samples of the OCZ ARC100 240GB SSD, which was released after Toshiba acquired OCZ's assets, over four months in 2014 and 2015. The drives were deliberately tested to destruction; the lowest lifetime throughput was 350TB and the highest 700TB. The drive's warranty covers 20GB of data transfer a day for three years, a total of 22TB.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OCZ&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CompanyWebsite-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CompanyWebsite_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CompanyWebsite_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ocz.com/">"OCZ Storage Solutions - A Toshiba Group Company"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OCZ+Storage+Solutions+-+A+Toshiba+Group+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Focz.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOCZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Valich-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Valich_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Valich_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValich2016" class="citation news cs1">Valich, Theo (April 6, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vrworld.com/2016/04/06/toshiba-rebrands-ocz/">"Toshiba Rebrands OCZ Storage Solutions"</a>. <i>VR-World</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=VR-World&rft.atitle=Toshiba+Rebrands+OCZ+Storage+Solutions&rft.date=2016-04-06&rft.aulast=Valich&rft.aufirst=Theo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvrworld.com%2F2016%2F04%2F06%2Ftoshiba-rebrands-ocz%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOCZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ocztechnology.com/aboutocz/press/2007/222">"OCZ Storage Solutions - A Toshiba Group Company"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OCZ+Storage+Solutions+-+A+Toshiba+Group+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocztechnology.com%2Faboutocz%2Fpress%2F2007%2F222&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOCZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnand_Lal_Shimpi2010" class="citation news cs1">Anand Lal Shimpi (September 29, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anandtech.com/show/3949/">"OCZ's Fastest SSD, the IBIS and HDSL Interface Reviewed"</a>. <i>Anand Tech blog</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anand+Tech+blog&rft.atitle=OCZ%27s+Fastest+SSD%2C+the+IBIS+and+HDSL+Interface+Reviewed&rft.date=2010-09-29&rft.au=Anand+Lal+Shimpi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anandtech.com%2Fshow%2F3949%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOCZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ocztechnology.com/ocz-octane-sata-iii-2-5-ssd.html">"OCZ Storage Solutions - A Toshiba Group Company"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OCZ+Storage+Solutions+-+A+Toshiba+Group+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocztechnology.com%2Focz-octane-sata-iii-2-5-ssd.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOCZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Press release: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ir.stockpr.com/ocztechnology/recent-news/detail/833/ocz-technology-acquires-intellectual-property-from-solid-data-inc-for-fibre-channel-sas-and-solid-state-drive-controller-assets">OCZ Technology Acquires Intellectual Property From Solid Data Inc. for Fibre-Channel, SAS, and Solid-State Drive Controller Assets</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174658/http://ir.stockpr.com/ocztechnology/recent-news/detail/833/ocz-technology-acquires-intellectual-property-from-solid-data-inc-for-fibre-channel-sas-and-solid-state-drive-controller-assets">Archived</a> 2016-03-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Nov. 15, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hilbert Hagedoorn, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guru3d.com/news/ocz-to-halt-dram-production-completely/">OCZ to halt DRAM production completely</a>, January 12, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110316175418/http://www.ocztechnology.com/aboutocz/press/2011/421">"Addition of High Performance Controller Technology and Firmware is Expected to Accelerate Storage Technology Innovation and Expand Product Portfolio"</a>. <i>Press release</i>. March 14, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ocztechnology.com/aboutocz/press/2011/421">the original</a> on March 16, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ocztechnology.com/aboutocz/press/2012/514">the original</a> on October 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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November 27, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ir.ocz.com/news/detail/3004/ocz-filing-for-bankruptcy-announces-offer-from-toshiba-to-purchase-assets">the original</a> on November 30, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Press+release&rft.atitle=OCZ+Filing+for+Bankruptcy%2C+Announces+Offer+From+Toshiba+to+Purchase+Assets&rft.date=2013-11-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fir.ocz.com%2Fnews%2Fdetail%2F3004%2Focz-filing-for-bankruptcy-announces-offer-from-toshiba-to-purchase-assets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOCZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131204202022/http://ir.ocz.com/news/detail/3014/ocz-reaches-agreement-with-toshiba-corporation-to-acquire-solid-state-drive-business">"OCZ Reaches Agreement With Toshiba Corporation to Acquire Solid State Drive Business"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a>: OCZ Technology. December 2, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ir.ocz.com/news/detail/3014/ocz-reaches-agreement-with-toshiba-corporation-to-acquire-solid-state-drive-business">the original</a> on December 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Hardware.fr SARL<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kitguru.net&rft.atitle=OCZ+Competition+winner%3A+final+ARC+100+hits+695.5TB%21&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft.au=Allan+%27Zardon%27+Campbell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kitguru.net%2Fcomponents%2Fssd-drives%2Fzardon%2Focz-competition-winner-final-arc-100-hits-695-5tb%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOCZ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=OCZ&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Toshiba659" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Toshiba" title="Template:Toshiba"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Toshiba" title="Template talk:Toshiba"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Toshiba" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Toshiba"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Toshiba659" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Toshiba_subsidiaries" title="List of Toshiba subsidiaries">Divisions<br />and subsidiaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Digital Products Group</li> <li>Electronic Devices & Components Group</li> <li>Infrastructure Systems Group</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landis%2BGyr" title="Landis+Gyr">Landis+Gyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sord_Computer_Corporation" title="Sord Computer Corporation">Sord Computer Corporation</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynabook_Inc." title="Dynabook Inc.">Toshiba Information Systems Corporation</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_Medical_Systems_Corporation" title="Canon Medical Systems Corporation">Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kioxia" title="Kioxia">Toshiba Memory Corporation</a><sup>3</sup> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">OCZ Storage Solutions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Telecommunication_Systems_Division" title="Toshiba Telecommunication Systems Division">Toshiba Telecommunication Systems Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric_Company" title="Westinghouse Electric Company">Westinghouse Electric Company</a><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Toshiba_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toshiba_logo.svg/110px-Toshiba_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toshiba_logo.svg/165px-Toshiba_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Toshiba_logo.svg/220px-Toshiba_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="122" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Joint ventures<br />and shareholdings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ikegami_Tsushinki" title="Ikegami Tsushinki">Ikegami Tsushinki</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(20%)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TMEIC" title="TMEIC">TMEIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynabook_Inc." title="Dynabook Inc.">Dynabook Inc.</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMI_Music_Japan" title="EMI Music Japan">Toshiba EMI</a> (Founded as <i>Toshiba Music Industries</i>)<sup>2</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Youmex" title="Youmex">Youmex Co.</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Display" title="Japan Display">Japan Display</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Samsung_Storage_Technology" title="Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology">Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inside_Films" title="Inside Films">Inside Films</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Inside_(2011_film)" title="Inside (2011 film)">Inside</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Beauty_Inside_(web_series)" title="The Beauty Inside (web series)">The Beauty Inside</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Power_Inside" title="The Power Inside">The Power Inside</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakunetsusha" title="Hakunetsusha">Hakunetsusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibaura_Seisakusho" title="Shibaura Seisakusho">Shibaura Seisakusho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanaka_Seisakusho" title="Tanaka Seisakusho">Tanaka Seisakusho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products, services<br />and standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AP1000" title="AP1000">AP1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cell_(microprocessor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cell (microprocessor)">Cell</a></li> <li>JNR locomotives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_ED76" title="JNR Class ED76">Class ED76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_EF58" title="JNR Class EF58">Class EF58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_EF60" title="JNR Class EF60">Class EF60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_EF64" title="JNR Class EF64">Class EF64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_EF65" title="JNR Class EF65">Class EF65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JR_Freight_Class_EH500" title="JR Freight Class EH500">Freight Class EH500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JR_Freight_Class_EH200" title="JR Freight Class EH200">Freight Class EH200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JR_Freight_Class_EH800" title="JR Freight Class EH800">Freight Class EH800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JR_Freight_Class_HD300" title="JR Freight Class HD300">Freight Class HD300</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitetsu_Class_EL120" title="Meitetsu Class EL120">Class EL120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media-embedded_processor" title="Media-embedded processor">Media-embedded processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regza" class="mw-redirect" title="Regza">Regza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpursEngine" title="SpursEngine">SpursEngine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_TG01" title="Toshiba TG01">TG01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOSLINK" title="TOSLINK">TOSLINK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_902T" title="Toshiba 902T">902T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitetsu_DeKi_600" title="Meitetsu DeKi 600">DeKi 600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_e310" title="Toshiba e310">e310</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_DVD" title="HD DVD">HD DVD</a></li> <li>JNR locomotives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_EF62" title="JNR Class EF62">Class EF62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_EF63" title="JNR Class EF63">Class EF63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_EH10" title="JNR Class EH10">Class EH10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_ED75" title="JNR Class ED75">Class ED75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNR_Class_ED79" title="JNR Class ED79">Class ED79</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SmartMedia" title="SmartMedia">SmartMedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Thrive" title="Toshiba Thrive">Thrive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_TS921" title="Toshiba TS921">TS921</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Computers9" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Computers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Libretto" title="Toshiba Libretto">Libretto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Libretto_W100" title="Toshiba Libretto W100">W100</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Pasopia" title="Toshiba Pasopia">Pasopia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Pasopia_5" title="Toshiba Pasopia 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Pasopia_7" title="Toshiba Pasopia 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Pasopia_16" title="Toshiba Pasopia 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Pasopia_IQ" title="Toshiba Pasopia IQ">IQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynabook_Port%C3%A9g%C3%A9" title="Dynabook Portégé">Portégé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qosmio" title="Qosmio">Qosmio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynabook_Satellite" title="Dynabook Satellite">Satellite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Satellite_Pro_400_series" title="Toshiba Satellite Pro 400 series">Pro 400 series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Satellite_A_series" title="Toshiba Satellite A series">A series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Satellite_C_series" title="Toshiba Satellite C series">C series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Satellite_P_series" title="Toshiba Satellite P series">P series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Satellite_S_series" title="Toshiba Satellite S series">S series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_T_series" title="Toshiba T series">T series</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_T1000" title="Toshiba T1000">T1000</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_T1000LE" title="Toshiba T1000LE">LE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_T1100" title="Toshiba T1100">T1100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_T1200" title="Toshiba T1200">T1200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_T3100" title="Toshiba T3100">T3100</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynabook_Tecra" title="Dynabook Tecra">Tecra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toshiwo_Doko" title="Toshiwo Doko">Toshiwo Doko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanaka_Hisashige" title="Tanaka Hisashige">Tanaka Hisashige</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lazona_Kawasaki_Plaza" title="Lazona Kawasaki Plaza">Lazona Kawasaki Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umi-Shibaura_Station" title="Umi-Shibaura Station">Umi-Shibaura Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HDMI_Licensing" class="mw-redirect" title="HDMI Licensing">HDMI Licensing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Toshiba_IBM_Center_of_Competence_for_the_Cell_Processor" title="Sony Toshiba IBM Center of Competence for the Cell Processor">Sony Toshiba IBM Center of Competence for the Cell Processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_Sculpture" title="Time Sculpture">Time Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Brave_Lupus_Tokyo" title="Toshiba Brave Lupus Tokyo">Toshiba Brave Lupus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoag_Classic" title="Hoag Classic">Toshiba Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido_Consadole_Sapporo" title="Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo">Toshiba S.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiba_Science_Institute" title="Toshiba Science Institute">Toshiba Science Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><sup>1</sup><i>Now integrated into other Toshiba divisions or business groupings</i></span> <span style="font-size:85%;"><sup>2</sup><i>Sold</i></span> <span style="font-size:85%;"><sup>3</sup><i>Spun off</i></span></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Toshiba" title="Category:Toshiba">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Toshiba" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Toshiba">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Solid-state_drives316" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Solid-state_drive" title="Template:Solid-state drive"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Solid-state_drive" title="Template talk:Solid-state drive"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Solid-state_drive" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Solid-state drive"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Solid-state_drives316" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Solid-state_drive" title="Solid-state drive">Solid-state drives</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encryption" title="Encryption">Encryption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Error_detection_and_correction" title="Error detection and correction">ECC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_file_system" title="Flash file system">Flash file system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_memory" title="Flash memory">Flash memory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-level_cell" title="Multi-level cell">SLC/MLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_memory_controller" title="Flash memory controller">Flash memory controller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garbage_collection_(SSD)" class="mw-redirect" title="Garbage collection (SSD)">Garbage collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOPS" title="IOPS">IOPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bit_rate" title="Bit rate">MB/s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_memory#Memory_wear" title="Flash memory">Memory wear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-channel_SSD" title="Open-channel SSD">Open-channel SSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Write_amplification#Over-provisioning" title="Write amplification">Over-provisioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_memory#Read_disturb" title="Flash memory">Read disturb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Write_amplification#Secure_erase" title="Write amplification">Secure erase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid-state_storage" title="Solid-state storage">Solid-state storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trim_(computing)" title="Trim (computing)">Trim command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wear_leveling" title="Wear leveling">Wear leveling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Write_amplification" title="Write amplification">Write amplification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flash manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Micron_Technology" title="Micron Technology">Micron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics">Samsung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK_Hynix" title="SK Hynix">SK Hynix</a> <ul><li>Bought <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>'s NAND flash SSD business and renamed it Solidigm</li></ul></li> <li>Flash Forward (joint venture between <a href="/wiki/Western_Digital" title="Western Digital">Western Digital</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kioxia" title="Kioxia">Kioxia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangtze_Memory_Technologies" title="Yangtze Memory Technologies">YMTC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XMC_(company)" title="XMC (company)">XMC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_flash_memory_controller_manufacturers" title="List of flash memory controller manufacturers">Controllers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Captive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Digital" title="Western Digital">Western Digital</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SanDisk" title="SanDisk">SanDisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusion-io" title="Fusion-io">Fusion-io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HGST" title="HGST">HGST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STec" title="STec">sTec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kioxia" title="Kioxia">Kioxia</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">OCZ</a> (bankrupt, assets sold to Toshiba, which later spun off its SSD and flash business to Kioxia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indilinx" title="Indilinx">Indilinx</a> (bought by OCZ)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micron_Technology" title="Micron Technology">Micron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Electronics" title="Samsung Electronics">Samsung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seagate_Technology" title="Seagate Technology">Seagate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SandForce" title="SandForce">SandForce</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK_Hynix" title="SK Hynix">SK Hynix</a> <ul><li>Bought <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>'s NAND flash SSD business including controllers and renamed it Solidigm</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=FADU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FADU (page does not exist)">FADU</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenliant_Systems" title="Greenliant Systems">Greenliant Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goke_Microelectronics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goke Microelectronics (page does not exist)">Goke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JMicron" title="JMicron">Maxiotek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvell_Technology_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Marvell Technology Group">Marvell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phison" title="Phison">Phison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PMC-Sierra" title="PMC-Sierra">PMC-Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Motion" title="Silicon Motion">SMI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">SSD manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_solid-state_drive_manufacturers" title="List of solid-state drive manufacturers">List of solid-state drive manufacturers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interfaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Host_Controller_Interface" title="Advanced Host Controller Interface">Advanced Host Controller Interface</a> (AHCI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibre_Channel" title="Fibre Channel">Fibre Channel</a> (FC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NVM_Express" title="NVM Express">NVM Express</a> (NVMe)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express</a> (PCIe)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SATA_Express" title="SATA Express">SATA Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_ATA" class="mw-redirect" title="Serial ATA">Serial ATA</a> (SATA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_attached_SCSI" class="mw-redirect" title="Serial attached SCSI">Serial attached SCSI</a> (SAS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">Universal Serial Bus</a> (USB)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Configurations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hard_disk_drive#Form_factors" title="Hard disk drive">HDD form factors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSATA" class="mw-redirect" title="MSATA">mSATA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M.2" title="M.2">M.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express</a> <a href="/wiki/Expansion_card" title="Expansion card">expansion card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)" title="Thunderbolt (interface)">Thunderbolt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USB-C" title="USB-C">USB Type-C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.2" title="U.2">U.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.3" class="mw-redirect" title="U.3">U.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EDSFF" class="mw-redirect" title="EDSFF">EDSFF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Committee_for_Information_Technology_Standards" title="International Committee for Information Technology Standards">INCITS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JEDEC" title="JEDEC">JEDEC / JC-42, JC-64.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_NAND_Flash_Interface_Working_Group" title="Open NAND Flash Interface Working Group">ONFI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NVM_Express#History" title="NVM Express">NVMHCI Work Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB_Implementers_Forum" title="USB Implementers Forum">USB-IF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_ATA_International_Organization" title="Serial ATA International Organization">SATA-IO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Form_Factor_Committee" title="Small Form Factor Committee">SFF Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storage_Networking_Industry_Association" title="Storage Networking Industry Association">SNIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_state_storage_initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Solid state storage initiative">SSSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCSI" title="SCSI">T10/SCSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibre_Channel" title="Fibre Channel">T11/FC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_ATA" title="Parallel ATA">T13/ATA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Solid-state_computer_storage" title="Category:Solid-state computer storage">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Corporate_scandals98" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Corporate_scandals" title="Template:Corporate scandals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Corporate_scandals" title="Template talk:Corporate scandals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Corporate_scandals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Corporate scandals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Corporate_scandals98" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_corporate_collapses_and_scandals" title="List of corporate collapses and scandals">Corporate scandals</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_Sea_Company" title="South Sea Company">South Sea Company</a> (1720)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Baring_crisis" title="Baring crisis">Panic of 1890 (Baring crisis)</a> (1890)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Salad_Oil_scandal" class="mw-redirect" title="Salad Oil scandal">Salad Oil</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kinney_National_Company#Financial_scandal" title="Kinney National Company">Kinney Services, Inc.</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Banco_Ambrosiano" title="Banco Ambrosiano">Banco Ambrosiano</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carrian_Group" title="Carrian Group">Carrian Group</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guinness_share-trading_fraud" title="Guinness share-trading fraud">Guinness</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bofors_scandal" title="Bofors scandal">Bofors scandal</a> (1990) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polly_Peck" title="Polly Peck">Polly Peck</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Credit_and_Commerce_International" title="Bank of Credit and Commerce International">Bank of Credit and Commerce International</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Maxwell" title="Robert Maxwell">Robert Maxwell</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1992_Indian_stock_market_scam" title="1992 Indian stock market scam">Indian stock market scam</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Banesto#1993_crisis_&_intervention" title="Banesto">Banesto</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Metallgesellschaft#Hedging_debacle" title="Metallgesellschaft">Metallgesellschaft</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Towers_Financial_Corporation" title="Towers Financial Corporation">Towers Financial Corporation</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barings_Bank" title="Barings Bank">Barings Bank</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sumitomo_copper_affair" title="Sumitomo copper affair">Sumitomo Corporation</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lysine_price-fixing_conspiracy" title="Lysine price-fixing conspiracy">Lysine price-fixing conspiracy</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daewoo_dissolution_and_corruption_scandal" title="Daewoo dissolution and corruption scandal">Daewoo</a> (1999-2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Long-Term_Capital_Management" title="Long-Term Capital Management">Long-Term Capital Management</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/CINAR_scandal" title="CINAR scandal">CINAR</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/One.Tel" title="One.Tel">One.Tel</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enron_scandal" title="Enron scandal">Enron</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adelphia_Communications_Corporation" title="Adelphia Communications Corporation">Adelphia</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WorldCom_scandal" title="WorldCom scandal">WorldCom</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Parmalat_bankruptcy_timeline" title="Parmalat bankruptcy timeline">Parmalat</a> (2003-2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tyco_International#Corporate_scandal_of_2002" title="Tyco International">Tyco</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bayou_Hedge_Fund_Group" title="Bayou Hedge Fund Group">Bayou Hedge Fund Group</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_G%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_trading_loss" title="2008 Société Générale trading loss">Société Générale</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bear_Stearns#Subprime_mortgage_hedge_fund_crisis" title="Bear Stearns">Bear Stearns</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Libor_scandal" title="Libor scandal">Libor</a> (2008–2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anglo_Irish_Bank_hidden_loans_controversy" title="Anglo Irish Bank hidden loans controversy">Anglo Irish Bank</a> (2008–2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_emissions_scandal" title="Volkswagen emissions scandal">Volkswagen emissions scandal</a> (2008–2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Satyam_scandal" title="Satyam scandal">Satyam</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2G_spectrum_case" title="2G spectrum case">2G spectrum case</a> (2010–2019) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Herald_corruption_case" title="National Herald corruption case">National Herald corruption case</a> (2010–ongoing) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/News_Corporation_scandal" class="mw-redirect" title="News Corporation scandal">News Corporation scandal</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olympus_scandal" title="Olympus scandal">Olympus</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Indian_coal_allocation_scam" title="Indian coal allocation scam">Indian coal allocation scam</a> (2012) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Accounting_practices">OCZ</a> (2012–2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saradha_Group_financial_scandal" title="Saradha Group financial scandal">Saradha Group financial scandal</a> (2013–ongoing) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Forex_scandal" title="Forex scandal">Forex</a> (2013–ongoing)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Toshiba#2015_accounting_scandal" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1Malaysia_Development_Berhad_scandal" title="1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal">1Malaysia Development Berhad</a> (2015–ongoing)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wells_Fargo_account_fraud_scandal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wells Fargo account fraud scandal">Wells Fargo account fraud scandal</a> (2016–ongoing)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Facebook%E2%80%93Cambridge_Analytica_data_scandal" title="Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal">Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moser_Baer" title="Moser Baer">Moser Baer</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wirecard_scandal" title="Wirecard scandal">Wirecard</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Corporation#Fraud_allegations" title="Nikola Corporation">Nikola</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_Facebook_leak" title="2021 Facebook leak">Facebook company files leak</a> (2021)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nowrap">See also</span></dt> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Accounting_scandals" title="Accounting scandals">Accounting scandals</a></span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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