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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Udon Thani</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="ودون تاني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ودون تاني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="اودون تانی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اودون تانی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Удонтхані – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Удонтхані" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%90%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨུ་ཌོན་ཐ་ནི། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨུ་ཌོན་ཐ་ནི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakbayan_sa_Ud%C7%ADn_Th%C4%81n%C4%AB" title="Dakbayan sa Udǭn Thānī – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Dakbayan sa Udǭn Thānī" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udontani" title="Udontani – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Udontani" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="اودون تانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اودون تانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EB%8F%88%ED%83%80%EB%8B%88" title="우돈타니 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우돈타니" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Удонтхани – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Удонтхани" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%98%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99" title="אודון טהאני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אודון טהאני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udonthanis" title="Udonthanis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Udonthanis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udonthani" title="Udonthani – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Udonthani" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="ഉഡോൺ താനി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉഡോൺ താനി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Удонтани – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Удонтани" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A5%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%9B%E1%80%8C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ဥတ္တရဌာနီမြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဥတ္တရဌာနီမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani_(stad)" title="Udon Thani (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Udon Thani (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B5%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8A%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%89%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC" title="テーサバーンナコーン・ウドーンターニー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テーサバーンナコーン・ウドーンターニー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="اودون تھانی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اودون تھانی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani_(miasto)" title="Udon Thani (miasto) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Udon Thani (miasto)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Удонтхани – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Удонтхани" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Удон Тани – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Удон Тани" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udon_Thani" title="Udon Thani – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Udon Thani" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="உதோன் தானி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உதோன் தானி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Удонтани – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Удонтани" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A2%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8%E1%81%BC%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8" title="ဢုတွၼ်းထႃးၼီး – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ဢုတွၼ်းထႃးၼီး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="เทศบาลนครอุดรธานี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เทศบาลนครอุดรธานี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Удонтхані – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Удонтхані" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur 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text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Udon_Thani&params=17_25_0_N_102_45_00_E_region:TH_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">17°25′0″N</span> <span class="longitude">102°45′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">17.41667°N 102.75000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">17.41667; 102.75000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city of Udon Thani. For the city administrative districts, see <a href="/wiki/Mueang_Udon_Thani_district" title="Mueang Udon Thani district">Mueang Udon Thani district</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City municipality in Thailand</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Udon Thani</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Thai-language text"><span lang="th">อุดรธานี</span></span></div><div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Udon</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Thailand" title="List of municipalities in Thailand">City municipality</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">City of Udon Thani<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">เทศบาลนครอุดรธานี</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Udon_Thani_-_The_City_Pillar_Shrine_-_0002.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="City pillar shrine of Udon Thani"><img alt="City pillar shrine of Udon Thani" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Udon_Thani_-_The_City_Pillar_Shrine_-_0002.jpg/250px-Udon_Thani_-_The_City_Pillar_Shrine_-_0002.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Udon_Thani_-_The_City_Pillar_Shrine_-_0002.jpg/375px-Udon_Thani_-_The_City_Pillar_Shrine_-_0002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Udon_Thani_-_The_City_Pillar_Shrine_-_0002.jpg/500px-Udon_Thani_-_The_City_Pillar_Shrine_-_0002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4762" data-file-height="3183" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">City pillar shrine of Udon Thani</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Udon_Thani.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Udon Thani"><img alt="Official seal of Udon Thani" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Seal_of_Udon_Thani.png/100px-Seal_of_Udon_Thani.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Seal_of_Udon_Thani.png/150px-Seal_of_Udon_Thani.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Seal_of_Udon_Thani.png 2x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="173" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:150px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:150px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:150px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thailand_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Udon Thani is located in Thailand"><img alt="Udon Thani is located in Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Thailand_adm_location_map.svg/150px-Thailand_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Thailand_adm_location_map.svg/225px-Thailand_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Thailand_adm_location_map.svg/300px-Thailand_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1051" data-file-height="1849" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:20.943%;left:63.483%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Udon Thani"><img alt="Udon Thani" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Udon Thani</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Udon_Thani&params=17_25_0_N_102_45_00_E_region:TH_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">17°25′0″N</span> <span class="longitude">102°45′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">17.41667°N 102.75000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">17.41667; 102.75000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Thailand" title="Provinces of Thailand">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Udon_Thani_province" title="Udon Thani province">Udon Thani</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Thailand" title="Districts of Thailand">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mueang_Udon_Thani_district" title="Mueang Udon Thani district">Mueang Udon Thani</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Town<br />municipality</th><td class="infobox-data">14 March 1936</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City<br />municipality</th><td class="infobox-data">25 September 1995</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data">City Municipality</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Itthipol Treewatanasuwan</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Thailand" title="List of municipalities in Thailand">City municipality</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">47.7 km<sup>2</sup> (18.4 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,095 km<sup>2</sup> (423 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">9th</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2019)<sup id="cite_ref-TDD_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TDD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Thailand" title="List of municipalities in Thailand">City municipality</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">130,531<br />(Registered residents)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">7th</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,736/km<sup>2</sup> (7,090/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">430,000</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro density</th><td class="infobox-data">393/km<sup>2</sup> (1,020/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B7" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+7">UTC+7</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_in_Thailand" title="Time in Thailand">ICT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Thailand" title="Postal codes in Thailand">Postcode</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">41000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Thailand" title="Telephone numbers in Thailand">Calling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">042</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://udoncity.go.th">udoncity<wbr />.go<wbr />.th</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Udon Thani</b> (<a href="/wiki/Thai_language" title="Thai language">Thai</a>: <span lang="th">อุดรธานี</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="th-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Thai" title="Help:IPA/Thai">[ʔù.dɔ̄ːn<span class="wrap"> </span>tʰāː.nīː]</a></span>) is a city in <a href="/wiki/Isan" title="Isan">Isan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Isan" title="Isan">Northeast Thailand</a>), the capital of <a href="/wiki/Udon_Thani_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Udon Thani Province">Udon Thani Province</a> and the sixth largest city in <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>. The city municipality (<i>thesaban nakhon</i> / <a href="/wiki/City_proper" title="City proper">city proper</a>) had a population of 130,531 people as of 2019, while Udon Thani's urban area, <a href="/wiki/Mueang_Udon_Thani_district" title="Mueang Udon Thani district">Mueang Udon Thani</a>, has a population of approximately 400,000. Udon Thani is one of four major cities in Isan, the others being <a href="/wiki/Nakhon_Ratchasima" title="Nakhon Ratchasima">Nakhon Ratchasima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ubon_Ratchathani" title="Ubon Ratchathani">Ubon Ratchathani</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Khon_Kaen" title="Khon Kaen">Khon Kaen</a>. Together they are known as the "big four of Isan". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location">Location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udon_Thani&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Udon is approximately 560 km from <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>. It is a major official and commercial center in northern <a href="/wiki/Isan" title="Isan">Isan</a>, Thailand, and the gateway to <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Vietnam" title="Northern Vietnam">northern Vietnam</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Northern_and_southern_China" title="Northern and southern China">southern China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udon_Thani&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Terminal_building,_Udon_Thani_International_Airport_(31-07-2005).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Terminal_building%2C_Udon_Thani_International_Airport_%2831-07-2005%29.jpg/220px-Terminal_building%2C_Udon_Thani_International_Airport_%2831-07-2005%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Terminal_building%2C_Udon_Thani_International_Airport_%2831-07-2005%29.jpg/330px-Terminal_building%2C_Udon_Thani_International_Airport_%2831-07-2005%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Terminal_building%2C_Udon_Thani_International_Airport_%2831-07-2005%29.jpg/440px-Terminal_building%2C_Udon_Thani_International_Airport_%2831-07-2005%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2120" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Udon_Thani_International_Airport" title="Udon Thani International Airport">Udon Thani International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The city's economy was boosted by the proximity to <a href="/wiki/Udon_Thani_International_Airport" title="Udon Thani International Airport">Udorn Royal Thai Air Force Base</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> and retains reminders of that time in the form of bars, coffee shops, and hotels. "Udon sort of became like <a href="/wiki/Pattaya" title="Pattaya">Pattaya</a> when the <a href="/wiki/G.I._(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="G.I. (military)">GIs</a> arrived," said a local architect.<sup id="cite_ref-TIR-20190622_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TIR-20190622-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Restaurants serving Western cuisine, hotels and nightclubs sprouted up everywhere to meet their needs. It was an extremely busy city back then."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The BBC has reported that <a href="/wiki/Udorn_Royal_Thai_Air_Force_Base" title="Udorn Royal Thai Air Force Base">Udon Thani's Royal Air Force Base</a> was the site of a CIA <a href="/wiki/Black_site" title="Black site">black site</a>, known to insiders as "Detention Site Green", used to interrogate <a href="/wiki/Abu_Zubaydah" title="Abu Zubaydah">Abu Zubaydah</a>, Saudi-born Palestinian, believed to be one of <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a>'s top lieutenants. In December 2014 the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence">United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence</a> (SSCI) published an executive summary of a secret 6,000-page report on CIA techniques. The report alleges that at least eight Thai senior officials knew of the secret site. The site was closed in December 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC-20180504_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-20180504-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Earlier reports alleged that a <a href="/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a> relay station in a rural area of Udon Thani Province, <a href="/wiki/Ban_Dung_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Ban Dung District">Ban Dung District</a>, was the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> <a href="/wiki/Black_site" title="Black site">black site</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udon_Thani&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mueang_Udon_Thani_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Mueang Udon Thani District">Mueang Udon Thani District</a></div> <p>Udon Thani town municipality (<i><a href="/wiki/Thesaban#Town_municipality" title="Thesaban">thesaban mueang</a></i>) with an area of 5.6 km<sup>2</sup> (2.2 sq mi) was established on 15 March 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 27 May 1953, the area covered by the municipality was increased to 8.3 km<sup>2</sup> (3.2 sq mi).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the town's continuing growth, the total area of the municipality was enlarged for the second time to 47.7 km<sup>2</sup> (18.4 sq mi). on 31 December 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 September 1995 Udon Thani was upgraded to city municipality (<i><a href="/wiki/Thesaban#City-municipality" title="Thesaban">thesaban nakhon</a></i>),<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is divided into 21 sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 248 villages (mubans). (<i>chumchon</i>), 130,531 people in 60,659 households.<sup id="cite_ref-TDD_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TDD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udon_Thani&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Udon_Thani_Railway_Station,_Thailand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Udon_Thani_Railway_Station%2C_Thailand.jpg/220px-Udon_Thani_Railway_Station%2C_Thailand.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Udon_Thani_Railway_Station%2C_Thailand.jpg/330px-Udon_Thani_Railway_Station%2C_Thailand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Udon_Thani_Railway_Station%2C_Thailand.jpg/440px-Udon_Thani_Railway_Station%2C_Thailand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Udon Thani Railway Station</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Udon_Thani_International_Airport" title="Udon Thani International Airport">Udon Thani International Airport</a>, close to the city centre (within the ring road), serves a number of domestic airports: <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Mai_International_Airport" title="Chiang Mai International Airport">Chiang Mai International Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/U-Tapao_International_Airport" title="U-Tapao International Airport">U-Tapao International Airport</a> (Pattaya), and Phuket, with approximately 24 daily flights to Bangkok (<a href="/wiki/Don_Mueang_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Don Mueang International">Don Mueang International</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suvarnabhumi_Airport" title="Suvarnabhumi Airport">Suvarnabhumi Airport</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-UTH_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UTH-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 2020-2021 <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> flights were reduced to 10-14 daily to<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bangkok airports only. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Udon_Thani_railway_station" title="Udon Thani railway station">Udon Thani railway station</a> in the city centre receives four trains daily from <a href="/wiki/Bangkok_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangkok railway station">Bangkok railway station</a> (Hua Lamphong) including overnight sleepers.<sup id="cite_ref-train36_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-train36-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udon_Thani&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mining">Mining</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udon_Thani&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mining"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Asia Pacific Potash Corporation (APPC), a wholly owned subsidiary of Italian-Thai Development PLC, owns the concession to the <a href="/wiki/Udon_North_mine" title="Udon North mine">Udon North</a> and Udon South <a href="/wiki/Potash" title="Potash">potash</a> mines and plans to develop them.<sup id="cite_ref-Project_location_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Project_location-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Potash deposits in northeast Thailand are believed to contain the world's third-largest—after Canada and Russia—unexploited potash reserves.<sup id="cite_ref-TIR-20171114_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TIR-20171114-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Potash is one of the main components of agricultural <a href="/wiki/Fertilizer" title="Fertilizer">fertilizer</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udon_Thani&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Udon Thani has a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climate" title="Tropical savanna climate">tropical savanna climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>Aw</i>). Winters are fairly dry and very warm. Temperatures rise until April, which is hot with the average daily maximum at 36.2 °C (97.2 °F). The <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoon</a> season runs from late-April through early-October, with heavy rain and somewhat cooler temperatures during the day, although nights remain warm. The range of reliably recorded temperatures in the city is from 2.5 °C (36.5 °F) to 44.1 °C (111.4 °F). </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Udon Thani (1991–2020, extremes 1951-present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.6<br />(99.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.2<br />(102.6) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.0<br />(107.6) </td> <td style="background: #DB0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44.1<br />(111.4) </td> <td style="background: #E40000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.4<br />(110.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.6<br />(101.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.8<br />(103.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.8<br />(98.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #DB0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">44.1<br />(111.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.3<br />(86.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.7<br />(90.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2<br />(95.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.6<br />(92.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.2<br />(82.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.9<br />(85.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.2<br />(84.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8<br />(83.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.3<br />(82.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.1<br />(80.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3<br />(77.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">27.0<br />(80.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #F5FFF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(0.25) </td> <td style="background: #DCFFDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(0.83) </td> <td style="background: #B4FFB4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.2<br />(1.98) </td> <td style="background: #8EFF8E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.0<br />(2.87) </td> <td style="background: #00E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">188.3<br />(7.41) </td> <td style="background: #00AD00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">218.5<br />(8.60) </td> <td style="background: #00AE00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">224.8<br />(8.85) </td> <td style="background: #004000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">298.9<br />(11.77) </td> <td style="background: #007D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">249.5<br />(9.82) </td> <td style="background: #72FF72; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94.3<br />(3.71) </td> <td style="background: #E9FFE9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(0.55) </td> <td style="background: #F6FFF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(0.23) </td> <td style="background: #48FF48; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,444.9<br />(56.89) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 </td> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2 </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.9 </td> <td style="background: #4343FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.7 </td> <td style="background: #3838FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.1 </td> <td style="background: #1F1FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.1 </td> <td style="background: #4949FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.2 </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #9A9AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">95.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0303FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.8 </td> <td style="background: #0F0FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62.7 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61.0 </td> <td style="background: #0C0CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000E5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000D5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000D0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000C7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000C6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000DE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000F5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000EC; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">71.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">272.8 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB03; color:#000000;" class="notheme">259.9 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">275.9 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">243.0 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">198.4 </td> <td style="background: #C9C900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">156.0 </td> <td style="background: #B6B65D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">120.9 </td> <td style="background: #B5B566; color:#000000;" class="notheme">117.8 </td> <td style="background: #C3C311; color:#000000;" class="notheme">144.0 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">198.4 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">252.0 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">257.3 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,496.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #ECEC05; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2 </td> <td style="background: #B7B758; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9 </td> <td style="background: #B6B661; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8 </td> <td style="background: #C4C40B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-WMOCLINO_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMOCLINO-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (extremes)<sup id="cite_ref-TMD1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TMD1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department (sun 1981–2010)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udon_Thani&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bandung" title="Bandung">Bandung</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Reno" class="mw-redirect" title="Reno">Reno</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_of_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Nevada">Nevada</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia"><img alt="Zambia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lusaka" title="Lusaka">Lusaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udon_Thani&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2020</span>, effectively on 27 May 1953</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Royal+Thai+Government+Gazette&rft.atitle=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%8E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2+%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5+%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5+%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8.+%E0%B9%92%E0%B9%94%E0%B9%99%E0%B9%96&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=33&rft.pages=650-654&rft.date=1953-05-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th%2FDATA%2FPDF%2F2496%2FA%2F033%2F650.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220605105550/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2536/A/228/46.PDF">"พระราชกฤษฎีกา เปลี่ยนเปลงเขตเทศบาลเมืองอุดรธานี จังหวัดอุดรธานี (ฉบับที่ ๒) พ.ศ. ๒๕๓๖"</a> [Royal Decree Change Territory of Udon Thani town municipality, Udon Thani province (issue 2), B.E. 2536 (1993)] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Royal Thai Government Gazette</i>. <b>110</b> (228): 46–49. 30 December 1993. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2536/A/228/46.PDF">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on June 5, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2020</span>, effectively on 31 December 1993</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Royal+Thai+Government+Gazette&rft.atitle=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%8E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2+%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5+%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5+%28%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88+%E0%B9%92%29+%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8.+%E0%B9%92%E0%B9%95%E0%B9%93%E0%B9%96&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=228&rft.pages=46-49&rft.date=1993-12-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th%2FDATA%2FPDF%2F2536%2FA%2F228%2F46.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111110200328/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2538/A/040/6.PDF">"พระราชกฤษฎีกา จัดตั้งเทศบาลนครอุดรธานี จังหวัดอุดรธานี พ.ศ. ๒๕๓๘"</a> [Royal Decree Establishing Udon Thani city municipality, Udon Thani province, B.E.2538 (1995)] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Royal Thai Government Gazette</i>. <b>112</b> (40 Kor): 6–9. 24 September 1995. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2538/A/040/6.PDF">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on November 10, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2020</span>, effectively on 25 September 1995</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Royal+Thai+Government+Gazette&rft.atitle=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%8E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2+%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5+%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5+%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8.+%E0%B9%92%E0%B9%95%E0%B9%93%E0%B9%98&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=40+Kor&rft.pages=6-9&rft.date=1995-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th%2FDATA%2FPDF%2F2538%2FA%2F040%2F6.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UTH-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UTH_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udonthaniairport.com/flight-status/">"Flight status"</a>. Udon Thani Airport Guide. Netmobius publication. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flight+status&rft.pub=Udon+Thani+Airport+Guide.+Netmobius+publication&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.udonthaniairport.com%2Fflight-status%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udonthaniairport.com/flight-status/">"Udon Thani Airport Guide"</a>. <i>Flight Status – Arrivals, Departures Udon Thani Airport Live Flight Status</i>. Netmobius. 9 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Flight+Status+%E2%80%93+Arrivals%2C+Departures+Udon+Thani+Airport+Live+Flight+Status&rft.atitle=Udon+Thani+Airport+Guide&rft.date=2021-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.udonthaniairport.com%2Fflight-status%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-train36-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-train36_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.train36.com/train-from-bangkok-to-udon-thani.html">"Train from Bangkok to Udon Thani Schedule and Fares"</a>. <i>train36.com</i>. 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=train36.com&rft.atitle=Train+from+Bangkok+to+Udon+Thani+Schedule+and+Fares&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.train36.com%2Ftrain-from-bangkok-to-udon-thani.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Project_location-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Project_location_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.appc.co.th/en/project_location.html">"Project Location"</a>. <i>Asia Pacific Potash Corporation (APPC)</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Asia+Pacific+Potash+Corporation+%28APPC%29&rft.atitle=Project+Location&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.appc.co.th%2Fen%2Fproject_location.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TIR-20171114-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TIR-20171114_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaisom2017" class="citation news cs1">Saisom, Jirasuda (14 November 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isaanrecord.com/2017/11/14/new-push-potash-mining-hits-opposition-isaan/">"New push for potash mining hits opposition in Isaan"</a>. <i>The Isaan Record</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Isaan+Record&rft.atitle=New+push+for+potash+mining+hits+opposition+in+Isaan&rft.date=2017-11-14&rft.aulast=Saisom&rft.aufirst=Jirasuda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fisaanrecord.com%2F2017%2F11%2F14%2Fnew-push-potash-mining-hits-opposition-isaan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WMOCLINO-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WMOCLINO_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Thailand/CSV/UdonThani_48354.csv">"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020"</a>. World Meteorological Organization<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Meteorological+Organization+Climate+Normals+for+1991%E2%80%932020&rft.pub=World+Meteorological+Organization&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nodc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Farc0216%2F0253808%2F1.1%2Fdata%2F0-data%2FRegion-2-WMO-Normals-9120%2FThailand%2FCSV%2FUdonThani_48354.csv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TMD1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TMD1_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climate.tmd.go.th/content/file/75">"Climatological Data for the Period 1981–2010"</a>. Thai Meteorological Department<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climatological+Data+for+the+Period+1981%E2%80%932010&rft.pub=Thai+Meteorological+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclimate.tmd.go.th%2Fcontent%2Ffile%2F75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://water.rid.go.th/hwm/cropwater/CWRdata/ETo/ETo_PenMon_2554.pdf">"ปริมาณการใช้น้ำของพืชอ้างอิงโดยวิธีของ Penman Monteith (Reference Crop Evapotranspiration by Penman Monteith)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Thai). Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department. p. 43<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87+Penman+Monteith+%28Reference+Crop+Evapotranspiration+by+Penman+Monteith%29&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Office+of+Water+Management+and+Hydrology%2C+Royal+Irrigation+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwater.rid.go.th%2Fhwm%2Fcropwater%2FCWRdata%2FETo%2FETo_PenMon_2554.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdon+Thani" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Udon_Thani" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Udon Thani">Udon Thani</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://udoncity.go.th">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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href="/wiki/Template:Metropolitan_cities_of_Thailand" title="Template:Metropolitan cities of Thailand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metropolitan_cities_of_Thailand" title="Template talk:Metropolitan cities of Thailand"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan_cities_of_Thailand" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan cities of Thailand"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="City_Municipalities_of_Thailand" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Thailand" title="List of municipalities in Thailand">City Municipalities</a> of <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special Governed Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok <span style="font-size:85%;">(Krung Thep Maha Nakhon)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattaya" title="Pattaya">Pattaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thesaban" title="Thesaban">City Municipalities<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>thesaban nakhon</i>)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buriram" title="Buriram">Buriram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaophraya_Surasak" title="Chaophraya Surasak">Chaophraya Surasak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Mai" title="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Rai" title="Chiang Rai">Chiang Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hat_Yai" title="Hat Yai">Hat Yai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khon_Kaen" title="Khon Kaen">Khon Kaen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko_Samui" title="Ko Samui">Ko Samui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laem_Chabang" title="Laem Chabang">Laem Chabang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampang" title="Lampang">Lampang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mae_Sot" title="Mae Sot">Mae Sot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhon_Pathom" title="Nakhon Pathom">Nakhon Pathom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhon_Ratchasima" title="Nakhon Ratchasima">Nakhon Ratchasima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhon_Sawan" title="Nakhon Sawan">Nakhon Sawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhon_Si_Thammarat" title="Nakhon Si Thammarat">Nakhon Si Thammarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonthaburi" title="Nonthaburi">Nonthaburi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om_Noi" title="Om Noi">Om Noi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pak_Kret" title="Pak Kret">Pak Kret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phitsanulok" title="Phitsanulok">Phitsanulok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phra_Nakhon_Si_Ayutthaya_(city)" title="Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya (city)">Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phuket_(city)" title="Phuket (city)">Phuket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangsit" title="Rangsit">Rangsit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayong" title="Rayong">Rayong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakon_Nakhon" title="Sakon Nakhon">Sakon Nakhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samut_Prakan_province" title="Samut Prakan province">Samut Prakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samut_Sakhon" title="Samut Sakhon">Samut Sakhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songkhla" title="Songkhla">Songkhla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Thani" title="Surat Thani">Surat Thani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trang,_Thailand" title="Trang, Thailand">Trang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubon_Ratchathani" title="Ubon Ratchathani">Ubon Ratchathani</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Udon Thani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yala,_Thailand" title="Yala, Thailand">Yala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Thailand&#124;link=Thailand_Thai_cities_with_100,000+_population" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_Thailand" title="Template:Most populous cities in Thailand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Most_populous_cities_in_Thailand" title="Template talk:Most 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data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Thailand" title="List of municipalities in Thailand">Thai cities with 100,000+ population</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000 and more</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a> (capital)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Mai" title="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000–999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>N/A</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000–499,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nakhon_Ratchasima" title="Nakhon Ratchasima">Nakhon Ratchasima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hat_Yai" title="Hat Yai">Hat Yai</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Udon Thani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khon_Kaen" title="Khon Kaen">Khon Kaen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonthaburi" title="Nonthaburi">Nonthaburi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000–299,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pattaya" title="Pattaya">Pattaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phuket" class="mw-redirect" title="Phuket">Phuket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaophraya_Surasak" title="Chaophraya Surasak">Chaophraya Surasak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhon_Si_Thammarat" title="Nakhon Si Thammarat">Nakhon Si Thammarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pak_Kret" title="Pak Kret">Pak Kret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubon_Ratchathani" title="Ubon Ratchathani">Ubon Ratchathani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816331#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816331#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816331#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/240103330">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4698986-9">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/f0c3d2e6-7c10-4a9d-8a08-ae81d91c5990">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044475">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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