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The population was 3,268 at the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]].<ref name="2020census">{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile/Ely_city,_Minnesota?g=1600000US2719142 |access-date=2022-10-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Located on the [[Vermilion Range (Minnesota)|Vermilion]] iron range, Ely once had several [[iron ore]] mines. It is an entry point for campers and canoers into the [[Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness]] and Canada's [[Quetico Provincial Park]] wilderness area. The [[International Wolf Center]] and the [[North American Bear Center]] are nearby. Ely's main street has nature outfitters, outdoor clothing stores, and restaurants. State Highway 1 ([[Minnesota State Highway 1|MN 1]]), State Highway 169 ([[Minnesota State Highway 169|MN 169]]) and [[County roads in St. Louis County, Minnesota#21|County Road 21]] (Central Avenue) are Ely's main routes. The city is {{convert|16|mi|km|abbr=on}} south of the [[Canada–United States border]] and is within the [[Superior National Forest]]. ==History== [[File:Pioneer Mine 01.jpg|thumb|Pioneer Mine]] The first Europeans to explore the area were [[North American fur trade|fur traders]] who made their way into the wilderness in search of furs. But it was the [[Lake Vermillion]] [[gold rush]] that brought the first large numbers of pioneers to the area in 1865. Although hardly any gold was ever found, it was discovered that the area did contain large deposits of [[iron ore]]. Thousands of new immigrants were arriving in America at that time, and many of them came to the area later known as the [[Minnesota]] [[Iron Range]], looking for work.<ref name="it-all">{{cite web |title=It all began with mining |url=https://www.ely.org/_site_components/uploads/item_files/file-1131.pdf |website=Ely Minnesota History |archive-date=April 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422190737/https://www.ely.org/_site_components/uploads/item_files/file-1131.pdf |access-date=2022-10-25 }}</ref> When the [[Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway]] laid tracks extending the rails from [[Tower, Minnesota|Tower]] to Ely in 1888, Ely began mining operations with the opening of the Chandler Mine. Ore was shipped by rail to docks on [[Lake Superior]] in [[Two Harbors, Minnesota|Two Harbors]] and [[Duluth, Minnesota|Duluth]]. From there it was shipped by [[lake freighter]] for processing in [[Ashtabula]] and other points in Ohio.<ref name="it-all" /> That year the miners incorporated the town of Florence, population 177, near the east side of Shagawa Lake on a site now known as Spaulding. Florence was named after the daughter of the Chandler mine's Captain Jack Pengilly (also the town's first mayor). After ore was discovered farther west, the town relocated, changing its name as well. Since it was discovered that the name "Florence" was already used by another village in Minnesota, "Ely" was chosen in honor of mining executive Samuel B. Ely, a big promoter of [[Vermilion Range (Minnesota)|Vermilion Range]] ore who lived in Michigan. (He is not known to have visited his namesake town.)<ref name="it-all" /> In 2020, ''The Ely Echo'' wrote: :The name Ely stems from the "Isle of Eels," a wetlands near Cambridge, England. In historic times,those lakes swarmed with the slithery fish (similar to eelpout) that provided sustenance for ancestors of Samuel B. Ely. His clan arrived in the states (from Ely, England) in the 1600s (one ancestor was a close associate of George Washington). Samuel, a mining executive, financed the railroad to Ely in 1888 which launched our town. He embraced Ojibwe culture and applied native names to some of his mining projects, including Ontonagon (hunting river) & Ishpeming (heaven), Michigan. Samuel's great grandson, Courtland Ely III, was Grand Marshal at Ely's 1988 Centennial Parade, stayed with Schurkes at Wintergreen & was given keys to the city by Gov. Rudy Perpich (an Iron Ranger from Hibbing).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schurke |first1=Paul |title=The rich legacy of the White Iron Chain of Lakes |url=https://www.elyecho.com/articles/2020/08/14/rich-legacy-white-iron-chain-lakes |website=The Ely Echo |access-date=August 29, 2020}}</ref> The original town site consisted of 40 acres. A man named McCormick opened the first grocery store in a small log building. A. J. Fenske built the first frame building in the fall of 1887; he also opened a hardware and furniture store. The Pioneer Hotel was also built that year at the corner of Sheridan Street and Fourth Avenue. The first school opened in 1889 in a small frame building on Second Avenue; its enrollment was 112 during the first season. According to a history written in 1910, "The first religious service was conducted by Father Buh, who came from Tower for that purpose, and the Catholic congregation erected the first church. The first Protestant minister was Rev. Mr. Freeman, who arrived in time to hold an Easter service in 1889, and located here permanently, organizing the Presbyterian church. There are now six churches, representing as many different faiths. Soon other mines opened in Ely: The Pioneer Mine (1889), the Zenith (1892), the Savoy (1899), and the Sibley (1899). The Pioneer was by far the most productive, producing 41 million tons or 40% of the Vermilion Range's entire output. Eventually 11 mines opened near Ely. In 1967 the Pioneer mine closed. It is on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] and its offices house the Ely Arts & Heritage Center.<ref name="it-all" /> Originally the mining was an open-pit operation, but when the abundant ore was mined out, deep shafts were made to start mining underground. With the need for wooden support beams to keep the tunnels from collapsing and for lumber to meet the needs of the ever-expanding growth in the area, the logging and milling industries grew. Logging continues in the region, though on a limited scale and only for paper pulp—the major operations virtually disappeared by 1920 when the area's tree reserves were depleted.<ref>[http://zenithcity.com/zenith-city-history-archives/minnesotas-arrowhead/a-brief-history-of-ely/ "A Brief History of Ely"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213731/http://zenithcity.com/zenith-city-history-archives/minnesotas-arrowhead/a-brief-history-of-ely/ |date=October 4, 2013 }}, Zenith City Online</ref> ==Geography== According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has an area of {{convert|2.74|sqmi|sqkm|2}}; {{convert|2.73|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.01|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=November 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=January 12, 2012 }}</ref> Ely is {{convert|100|mi|km}} north of [[Duluth, Minnesota|Duluth]], 117 miles southeast of [[International Falls, Minnesota|International Falls]], and {{convert|244|mi|km}} north of [[Minneapolis–Saint Paul]]. ===Environment=== ====Copper mining controversy==== {{Main|Twin Metals mine (Ely, MN)}} Since the 1960s, as Iron Range mines began closing, leaving only a few in operation, Ely, like many northern Minnesota communities, faced economic decline. Duluth, on the shores of Lake Superior, has built a tourist trade that has helped to sustain its economy. Ely, seen as the gateway to the [[Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness]], has also developed a lively tourist trade, but due to environmental concerns the area has recently seen controversy about a proposal to build a mining operation for copper just outside the BWCAW. The company involved, Twin Metals Minnesota, is operated by a Chilean company, [[Antofagasta PLC]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Conflicted Over Copper: PolyMet copper-nickel mine has been trapped in litigation |url=https://www.greatlakesnow.org/2020/06/polymet-copper-nickel-mine-litigation-indigenous-environmental-groups/ |website=Great Lakes Now |date=June 12, 2020 |access-date=September 2, 2020}}</ref> It says it plans "to build modern mines that must go through a rigorous regulatory process before they can move forward", but environmentalists are concerned that runoff from the mining operation could damage the BWCA wilderness area. The copper deposits beneath the forests and lakes of northeastern Minnesota are encased in [[sulfide]] ore and when that is exposed it produces [[sulfuric acid]], which has resulted in severe water pollution in copper mines in several western U.S. areas.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kraker |first1=Dan |title=Bill to ban copper-nickel mining draws sharp contrast between Boundary Waters, Iron Range |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2020/02/06/bill-to-ban-coppernickel-mining-draws-sharp-contrast-between-boundary-waters-iron-range |website=MPR News |access-date=September 3, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hemphill|first1=Stephanie|title=At the edge of the Boundary Waters, miners probe for copper, nickel|url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2010/06/23/boundary-waters-mining|website=Minnesota Public Radio|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626035114/https://www.mprnews.org/story/2010/06/23/boundary-waters-mining|archive-date=June 26, 2019}} June 23, 2010.</ref> In October 2021, the [[Environmental policy of the Joe Biden administration|Biden administration]] filed an application for a "mineral withdrawal" that will put a hold on the development of the mine proposal while the environmental impacts are studied. The Obama administration had launched a similar study, but 24 weeks into the 28-week study the newly elected Trump administration ended it, allowing the plans for the mining operation to continue. The completed study could lead to a 20-year ban on mining upstream from the BWCAW.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Karnowski |first1=Steve |title=Biden Administration Delivers Serious Blow to Minnesota Mine |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/minnesota/articles/2021-10-20/biden-administration-delivers-serious-blow-to-minnesota-mine |website=U.S.News |access-date=November 21, 2021}}</ref> The Trump mineral leases were judged illegal, and in January 2022 the Biden administration canceled two Twin Metals mineral leases. The ''Timberjay'' called the Biden administration's decision a "potentially fatal blow to [a] proposed copper-nickel mine."<ref>{{cite web |title=Biden administration cancels Twin Metals mineral leases |url=https://www.timberjay.com/stories/biden-administration-cancels-twin-metals-mineral-leases,18593 |website=Timberjay |access-date=February 1, 2022}}</ref> ===Climate=== {{climate chart | Ely |-21.6|-9.3|27 |-20.5|-5.1|20 |-12.0|2.4|34 |-3.7|10.3|58 |3.3|18.4|76 |9.4|24.1|107 |11.8|26.1|114 |11.2|25.5|87 |6.6|19.8|122 |0.2|10.9|73 |-7.4|1.4|43 |-16.2|-6.3|34 |float = |clear = |units = metric }} On the [[Köppen climate classification]], Ely falls in the warm summer [[humid continental climate]] zone (''Dfb''). Summertime is warm (sometimes hot) and wintertime is cold (sometimes severely) and drawn out, sometimes beginning in October and lasting well into April. On February 13, 2021, Ely set a new daily record low for the city with an actual air temperature of -50F.<ref>{{cite web |title=Temperatures plummeted to as low as 50 below zero in Minnesota on Saturday morning |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2021/02/13/temperatures-plummeted-to-as-low-as-50-below-zero-in-minnesota-on-saturday-morning |website=MPR News |access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref> This compares to the Minnesota record low temperature of -60F recorded near the town of [[Tower, MN]] on February 2, 1996.<ref>{{cite web |title=Minnesota's All-Time Record Low |url=https://www.dnr.state.mn.us/climate/journal/960202_60_below.html |website=Minnesota Department of Natural Resources |access-date=November 25, 2023}}</ref> {{Weather box |location = Ely, Minnesota, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1998&ndash;present |single line = Y |Jan record high F = 47 |Feb record high F = 62 |Mar record high F = 76 |Apr record high F = 81 |May record high F = 94 |Jun record high F = 97 |Jul record high F = 99 |Aug record high F = 97 |Sep record high F = 93 |Oct record high F = 84 |Nov record high F = 72 |Dec record high F = 51 |year record high F = |Jan avg record high F = 36.4 |Feb avg record high F = 41.5 |Mar avg record high F = 57.0 |Apr avg record high F = 67.7 |May avg record high F = 83.5 |Jun avg record high F = 85.5 |Jul avg record high F = 89.8 |Aug avg record high F = 88.5 |Sep avg record high F = 83.7 |Oct avg record high F = 71.9 |Nov avg record high F = 54.5 |Dec avg record high F = 39.3 |year avg record high F = 91.3 |Jan high F = 15.2 |Feb high F = 22.8 |Mar high F = 36.3 |Apr high F = 50.6 |May high F = 65.2 |Jun high F = 75.4 |Jul high F = 78.9 |Aug high F = 77.9 |Sep high F = 67.6 |Oct high F = 51.6 |Nov high F = 34.5 |Dec high F = 20.7 |year high F = 49.7 |Jan mean F = 4.1 |Feb mean F = 9.0 |Mar mean F = 23.4 |Apr mean F = 38.0 |May mean F = 51.6 |Jun mean F = 62.1 |Jul mean F = 66.1 |Aug mean F = 65.1 |Sep mean F = 55.7 |Oct mean F = 42.0 |Nov mean F = 26.5 |Dec mean F = 11.8 |year mean F = 37.9 |Jan low F = −6.9 |Feb low F = −4.9 |Mar low F = 10.4 |Apr low F = 25.4 |May low F = 38.0 |Jun low F = 48.9 |Jul low F = 53.3 |Aug low F = 52.2 |Sep low F = 43.8 |Oct low F = 32.4 |Nov low F = 18.6 |Dec low F = 2.9 |year low F = 26.2 |Jan avg record low F = -29.2 |Feb avg record low F = -28.3 |Mar avg record low F = -17.6 |Apr avg record low F = 6.5 |May avg record low F = 26.3 |Jun avg record low F = 37.1 |Jul avg record low F = 45.9 |Aug avg record low F = 42.6 |Sep avg record low F = 32.5 |Oct avg record low F = 21.1 |Nov avg record low F = -0.5 |Dec avg record low F = -20.0 |year avg record low F = -32.1 |Jan record low F = −45 |Feb record low F = −50 |Mar record low F = −32 |Apr record low F = −12 |May record low F = 22 |Jun record low F = 29 |Jul record low F = 38 |Aug record low F = 30 |Sep record low F = 26 |Oct record low F = 5 |Nov record low F = −16 |Dec record low F = −39 |year record low F = −50 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation inch = 1.06 |Feb precipitation inch = 0.79 |Mar precipitation inch = 1.34 |Apr precipitation inch = 2.27 |May precipitation inch = 2.99 |Jun precipitation inch = 4.23 |Jul precipitation inch = 4.50 |Aug precipitation inch = 3.41 |Sep precipitation inch = 4.82 |Oct precipitation inch = 2.87 |Nov precipitation inch = 1.70 |Dec precipitation inch = 1.32 |year precipitation inch = 31.30 |Jan snow inch = 13.8 |Feb snow inch = 9.3 |Mar snow inch = 8.4 |Apr snow inch = 7.7 |May snow inch = 0.3 |Jun snow inch = 0.0 |Jul snow inch = 0.0 |Aug snow inch = 0.0 |Sep snow inch = 0.0 |Oct snow inch = 2.1 |Nov snow inch = 9.8 |Dec snow inch = 13.2 |year snow inch = 64.6 |unit precipitation days = 0.01 in |Jan precipitation days = 11.4 |Feb precipitation days = 9.1 |Mar precipitation days = 8.6 |Apr precipitation days = 9.5 |May precipitation days = 14.0 |Jun precipitation days = 14.9 |Jul precipitation days = 12.6 |Aug precipitation days = 11.1 |Sep precipitation days = 12.2 |Oct precipitation days = 14.4 |Nov precipitation days = 10.0 |Dec precipitation days = 11.4 |year precipitation days = 139.2 |unit snow days = 0.1 in |Jan snow days = 12.1 |Feb snow days = 8.7 |Mar snow days = 5.7 |Apr snow days = 3.2 |May snow days = 0.4 |Jun snow days = 0.0 |Jul snow days = 0.0 |Aug snow days = 0.0 |Sep snow days = 0.0 |Oct snow days = 2.1 |Nov snow days = 6.8 |Dec snow days = 11.7 |year snow days = 50.7 |source 1 = [[NOAA]] (mean maxima/minima 2006&ndash;2020)<ref name= nws > {{cite web | url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=dlh | title = NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data | publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | access-date = June 23, 2021}}</ref><ref name=NCEI> {{cite web | url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00212543&format=pdf | title = Station: Ely, MN | work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020) | publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | access-date = June 23, 2021}}</ref> }} ==Demographics== {{US Census population |1890= 901 |1900= 3717 |1910= 3572 |1920= 4902 |1930= 6156 |1940= 5970 |1950= 5474 |1960= 5438 |1970= 4904 |1980= 4820 |1990= 3968 |2000= 3724 |2010= 3460 |2020= 3268 |align-fn=center |footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census] }} ===2000 census=== As of the [[2000 United States Census|census of 2000]],<ref name="GR2" /> there were 3,724 people, 1,912 households, and 916 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,369.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,912 housing units at an average density of {{convert|703.2|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 96.86% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.86% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.54% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.19% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.30% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.26% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.67% of the population. 21.8% were of [[Germans|German]], 12.2% [[Slovenes|Slovene]], 11.7% [[Finns|Finnish]], 8.7% [[Norway|Norwegian]], 6.4% [[English people|English]], 5.6% [[Swedish people|Swedish]] and 5.4% [[Polish people|Polish]] ancestry. There were 1,912 households, out of which 21.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.9% were non-families. 39.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.05 and the average family size was 2.72. In the city, the population was spread out, with 17.8% under the age of 18, 16.2% from 18 to 24, 21.6% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 21.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $27,615, and the median income for a family was $36,047. Males had a median income of $34,559 versus $18,833 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $16,855. About 9.5% of families and 14.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 10.9% of those under age 18 and 12.5% of those age 65 or over. ===2010 census=== As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=November 13, 2012}}</ref> of 2010, there were 3,460 people, 1,681 households, and 814 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1267.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 2,022 housing units at an average density of {{convert|740.7|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.0% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.8% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.7% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.6% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.1% of the population. There were 1,681 households, of which 19.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 51.6% were non-families. 45.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.93 and the average family size was 2.66. The median age in the city was 45.3 years. 16% of residents were under the age of 18; 13.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.3% were from 25 to 44; 27.4% were from 45 to 64; and 22.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female. ===2020 census=== As of the [[2020 United States Census]], Ely had 3,268 residents living in an estimated 1,770 households.<ref name="2020census" /> ==Arts and culture== {{multiple image  | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 220  | image1 = Iron Ore Mines (Ely, study for mural) SAAM-1962.8.45 1.jpg | alt1 = | caption1 =  | image2 =Wilderness (mural study, Ely, Minnesota Post Office) SAAM-1965.18.92 1.jpg | alt2 = | caption2 = [[Elsa Jemne]]'s studies for ''Iron-Ore Mines'' and ''Wilderness'', two [[United States post office murals|murals]] at the United States Post Office in Ely }} Ely hosts many community events in Whiteside Park, such as the Blueberry Arts Festival in July,<ref>[http://www.virginiamn.com/news/local/article_690a6292-f5a4-11e2-afdb-0019bb2963f4.html Berry good time set at Ely Blueberry Fest - Mesabi Daily News: Local]</ref> the Harvest Moon Festival in September, and the Winter Festival in February. There is also an Ely-only artist gallery, [[Art & Soul Gallery]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.timberjay.com/stories/still-crazy-after-all-these-years,13071|title=Still crazy after all these years|newspaper=The Timberjay|access-date=December 28, 2016}}</ref> Ely's post office contains two tempera-on-plaster murals, ''Iron-Ore Mines'' and ''Wilderness'', painted by [[Elsa Jemne]] in 1941. Federally commissioned post office murals were produced during the [[New Deal]] through the [[Section of Painting and Sculpture]], later called the [[Section of Fine Arts]], of the [[United States Department of the Treasury|Treasury Department]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Arnesen |first=Eric |date=2007 |title=Encyclopedia of U.S. Labor and Working-Class History |volume=1 |location=New York |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9780415968263}}</ref> ===North American Bear Center=== [[File:North American Bear Center.jpg|thumb|The North American Bear Center]] Ely is home to the North American Bear Center, which opened in 2007. It is an interactive museum and educational facility featuring [[American black bear]]s. The center, the only science/nature museum of its kind, is dedicated to helping people learn from the bears themselves about bear behavior, ecology, and their relations with humans. A wall of windows overlooks a 2.5-acre naturally forested enclosure with a pond and waterfalls, which is home to four resident bears. There are also exhibits, a theater, children's activities, and interpretive nature trails.<ref>[http://elyminnesota.com/north-american-bear-center North American Bear Center « Ely Minnesota]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bear.org/website/ |title=North American Bear Center - Home |access-date=November 21, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090810233923/http://www.bear.org/website/ |archive-date=August 10, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===International Wolf Center=== {{Main|International Wolf Center}} [[File:International Wolf Center.jpg|thumb|International Wolf Center]] The International Wolf Center is one of the world's leading organizations dedicated to educating people about wolves. Founded in 1985 by a group of biologists led by [[L. David Mech]], a world-renowned wolf biologist, it opened in 1993. The center features [[gray wolf|gray wolves]] viewable through large windows that allow visitors to watch them communicate, play, hunt and eat. In addition to the onsite ambassador wolves, the center offers a variety of educational programs at its Ely interpretive facility and other locations in northern Minnesota and across North America. Afternoon, weekend and weeklong programs include howling trips, radio tracking, snowshoe treks, family activities, dogsledding, videos, presentations, flights over wolf country, demonstrations, and hikes. ===Arts & Heritage Center=== The Ely Arts & Heritage Center is in the historic Pioneer Mine complex. It is managed by a nonprofit arts organization, Ely Greenstone Public Art. It offers classes, exhibits, and festivals.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://elygreenstone.org/2011/join-ely-greenstone-public-art-and-ely-arts-heritage-center/ |title=Join Ely Greenstone Public Art AND Ely Arts & Heritage Center « Ely Greenstone Public Art |access-date=October 3, 2013 |archive-date=October 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005032556/http://elygreenstone.org/2011/join-ely-greenstone-public-art-and-ely-arts-heritage-center/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ===Dorothy Molter museum=== [[File:Dorothy Molter Cabin.jpg|thumb|The Dorothy Molter cabin in Ely]] The [[Dorothy Molter]] cabin and museum are in Ely. Known as the "Root Beer Lady", Molter lived for 56 years on Knife Lake in the BWCAW. She gradually gained national prominence and extensive coverage in media, books and documentaries, and over the years tens of thousands of canoeists stopped by to visit and drink her homemade root beer. Molter was born May 6th, 1907 in Pennsylvania, but was quickly separated from her family and raised in an orphanage. She first visited her future home (The Isle of Pines Resort) on Knife Lake in 1930 and it became her home in 1934 after falling in love with the area. Until the mid/late 1940s, the Isle of Pines resort was typical of many north woods resorts. It was reachable by seaplanes and motorboats, and later by snowmobiles as they came into use.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dorothy Molter Bio Page {{!}} Ely, MN |url=https://www.rootbeerlady.com/dorothy/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Dorothy Molter Museum |language=en-US}}</ref> After a 1949 flight ban Molter began importing her supplies for root beer by boat and reusing glass bottles that she stored in a shed. Canoeists stopping by would be asked to bring supplies from town and would commonly leave an oar behind, hundreds of which are still on display at the museum. Molter's land was taken from her in the 1964 Wilderness Act, however, after a nationwide uproar and her friends protesting, she was allowed to temporarily stay as long as the resort was closed down. Along with Molters land being taken, nearly all motorized transportation to Molter's lodge was eliminated, residences, buildings, business and the few roads from the wilderness were removed, leaving Molter as the only full-time resident in a wilderness area three times the size of [[Rhode Island]]. Later she was given a lifetime pardon to live in her home. After her death, her multiple cabins, all her belongings, and other parts of her residence were dismantled and moved to Ely by boat. They were all then reconstructed there, and the Dorothy Molter Museum was established, and to this day sells her root beer to preserve her legacy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dorothy Molter Bio Page {{!}} Ely, MN |url=https://www.rootbeerlady.com/dorothy/ |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Dorothy Molter Museum |language=en-US}}</ref> === Ely-Winton History Museum === [[File:Ely-Winton History Museum.jpg|thumb|left|Ely-Winton History Museum]] The Ely-Winton History Museum is on the Vermilion Community College Campus. It depicts local history through displays, photographs, and oral histories. Logging and mining histories are told using geological samples and old logging and mining tools. Examples of past businesses are demonstrated as well as the importance of women on the frontier. In 2018 the museum opened an exhibit of paintings representative of Ely mining history, featuring the works of Albin Zaverl. It also has a collection of the work done by [[Ojibwe]] artist Carl Gawboy, who grew up in Ely.<ref>{{cite web |title=Albin Zaverl mining artwork exhibit opens at Ely Winton Historical Society |url=https://www.elyecho.com/articles/2018/08/30/albin-zaverl-mining-artwork-exhibit-opens-ely-winton-historical-society |website=The Ely Echo |access-date=August 28, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Duluth artist Carl Gawboy honored with county arts excellence award |url=https://www.duluthnewstribune.com/news/2016770-duluth-artist-carl-gawboy-honored-county-arts-excellence-award |website=Duluth News Tribune |date=November 11, 2011 |access-date=August 28, 2020}}</ref> The museum offers programs about the history of the area twice a month during the summer. The museum mission statement reads:<ref>{{cite web |title=Ely-Winton Historical Society |url=http://www.museumsusa.org/museums/info/6339 |website=Museum |access-date=August 28, 2020}}</ref> :The mission depicts local history through artifacts, photographs, oral histories, numerous videos/DVDs; displays include Ojibwe, fur trade, mining, logging, immigration, voyageurs, and Footprints Across The Wilderness, the history of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness with a new exhibit each summer. They cover the history of the area from prehistoric times through mining, immigration and logging. Arts displays include Carl Gawboy and Albin Zaverl. ===Historically significant structures in and around Ely=== [[File:Listening Point cabin.jpg|thumb|Listening Point cabin]] [[File:Ely State Theater.jpg|thumb|Ely State Theater]] [[File:Tanner1907.jpg|thumb|Tanner's Hospital -1907]] The [[U.S. National Register of Historic Places]] deems certain structures worthy of preservation for their historical significance. Several sites in and around Ely have been placed on the Register's list: Bull-of-the-Woods Logging Scow, Ely State Theater, Listening Point, and Tanner's Hospital. [[Listening Point]] was the private retreat of conservationist [[Sigurd Olson]] on Burntside Lake. Olson acquired the property in 1956, then purchased a log cabin and a log sauna elsewhere that he had dismantled, moved to Listening Point, and reassembled. In 1998 the Listening Point Foundation was organized to preserve the property as an open-air museum to Olson. The [[Ely State Theater]] is a 1936 [[Streamline Moderne]] design, epitomizing the small-town commissions of leading regional theater designers, Minneapolis architects [[Liebenberg & Kaplan]]. [[Tanner's Hospital]] is a former hospital building built in 1901 as a moneymaking enterprise due to the area's high disease rate, a consequence of low investment in sanitation infrastructure in the mining boom towns of the Iron Range, where the long-term existence of any given community was unpredictable. The [[Bull-of-the-Woods Logging Scow]] is a small paddle steamer wrecked in Burntside Lake. It was built around 1893 for one of the lumber companies in the area. There were at least a few of these vessels, locally known as "alligators" or "gators", in operation in northeastern Minnesota in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They could tow timber rafts, hoist logs, navigate shallow waters, and even pull themselves across dry land. It is the only known surviving example of its type. ==Parks and recreation== [[File:Gavia immer at Eagles Nest Lake Ely MN IMG 1159.JPG|thumb|left|Loon at Eagles Nest Lake, Ely, Minnesota]] There are many Minnesota wilderness hiking trails in the Ely area. Echo Trail (Saint Louis County Road 116), considered one of Minnesota's most scenic trails, is a former logging road that runs north and west out of Ely and provides the primary access to the lakes of the western BWCAW. The trail is a 72-mile (116-km) road on asphalt and gravel through the wilderness of the [[Superior National Forest]] and [[Kabetogama State Forest]].<ref>[http://www.trails.com/tcatalog_trail.aspx?trailid=XFA118-016 The Echo Trail: Ely to Orr via St. Louis County Road 116 | Crane Lake Minnesota Scenic Byways | Trails.com]</ref> Trezona Trail offers historic views of the old iron ore mining operations that first brought new immigrants to the area. The [[Kekekabic Trail]], commonly called "The Kek", is a hiking trail that runs about 39 miles, beginning in Ely and ending at the [[Gunflint Trail]]. A paved biking trail, the Mesabi Trail, begins in Ely and stretches across the [[Mesabi Iron Range]] ending in [[Grand Rapids, Minnesota|Grand Rapids]], a distance of approximately 120 miles.<ref>{{cite web |title=MESABI TRAIL |url=https://ironrange.org/paved-mesabi-bike-trail/ |website=Mesabi Iron Range |access-date=December 12, 2021}}</ref> In 2015, the [[Ely Marathon]] began, sending runners from the north side of Burntside Lake down the Echo Trail and into the city. It has become an annual event and grown to include several races. The marathon is known as the world's only marathon with a "canoe portage" category and holds the world record time for a marathon-length canoe [[portage]]. ===Attractions=== [[Image:Burntside Lake BWCAW.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Burntside Lake, Ely, Minnesota]] Ely is the largest "jumping off" town for the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness and a major one for [[Quetico Provincial Park]]. The BWCAW is renowned as a destination for canoeing and fishing on its many lakes, and is the nation's most-visited wilderness. With extensive outfitting and other services, Ely can credibly be claimed to do the most wilderness canoe outfitting of any town or city in the world. [[File:Sigurd F. Olson Writing Shack interior.jpg|thumb|Sigurd F. Olson Writing Shack interior, Ely, Minnesota]] Longtime Ely resident [[Sigurd F. Olson]] was instrumental in creating the BWCAW. A writer, [[environmentalism|environmentalist]], and advocate for the protection of [[wilderness]], he served for more than 30 years as a wilderness guide in the lakes and forests of the [[Boundary Waters|Quetico-Superior country]] of northern Minnesota and southwestern [[Ontario]]. He worked for the protection of the [[Boundary Waters]], helped draft the [[Wilderness Act]] of 1964, and helped establish [[Voyageurs National Park]] in northern Minnesota. He was known honorifically as ''the Bourgeois''—a term the [[Voyageurs|voyageur]]s used for trusted leaders. === Outfitters === Ely Minnesota is considered to be one of the main gateways to the American side of the BWCAW. Because of this it is estimated that 250,000 people visit Ely Minnesota a year to enter the backcountry [https://www.eduweb.com/schaller/IWC4.html#:~:text=The%20Ely%20Chamber%20of%20Commerce,this%20study%20range%20around%20160%2C000.&text=(This%20latter%20figure%2C%20however%2C,per%20year%20in%20the%20area.)]. To handle all of the people, Ely houses 20 outfitters. Outfitters are companies that provide gear and information for visitors because not everyone can afford or store their own gear, nor do they know all the information necessary. Some specialize in shorter day trips, some do weeks long, and some even provide guides. These outfitters are… * River Point Outfitting Co. * Lodge of Whispering Pines and Outfitters * Ely Outfitting Company * Spirit of the Wilderness * Moose Track Adventures Outfitter & Guide Service * North Country Canoe Outfitters * Piragis Northwoods Outfitters * Canadian Waters * LaTourell's Moose Lake Outfitters * Packsack Canoe Trips * Boundary Waters Guide Service * Way To Go Canoe Outfitters * Boundary Waters Outfitters * Williams & Hall Wilderness Guides & Outfitters * Northern Tier National High Adventure - Boy Scouts of America * Cliff Wold's Outfitting Co. * Echo Trail Outfitters * Voyageur North Outfitters * Canoe Country Outfitters * Kawishiwi Lodge [https://www.ely.org/things-to-do/outdoors/canoeing/?view=list&sort=qualityScore&bounds=false] ===Camp Widjiwagan=== [[Image:Joe-seliga-400.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Joe Seliga in his Ely, Minnesota, workshop]] [[Camp Widjiwagan]] is a wilderness camp for girls and boys on [[Burntside Lake]]. The camp is nationally recognized for its canoeing and backpacking programs; it also has an environmental education program, the Widjiwagan Outdoor Learning Program. During the summer it runs canoe and backpacking programs offered at several degrees of experience, with more advanced trips for experienced campers. Environmental education programs are held during the fall, winter and spring, with students studying wilderness survival, plant and tree identification, basic hiking skills, animal tracking, the night sky, snowshoeing, and cross-country skiing. Master builder of wood-and-canvas canoes [[Joe Seliga]] lived in Ely and was an instructor at the camp. When he died in 2005, Camp Widjiwagan received his canoe form. ===Hegman Lake pictographs=== [[File:Hegman Lake Pictographs.jpg|thumb|Hegman Lake Pictographs]] The [[Hegman Lake Pictograph]]s, within the BWCAW about 15 miles north of Ely, have been called "perhaps the most visited and photogenic pictograph within the State of Minnesota." On a large overlooking rock wall on North Hegman Lake, this ancient rock art is believed to have been created by the [[Ojibwe]]. The painting's meaning is uncertain. It appears to represent the Ojibwe meridian [[constellations]] visible in winter during the early evening. While some anthropologists believe the pictographs may have served as a guide for navigating in the deep woods during the winter hunting season, others see it as a visual representation of the connection between the spiritual and temporal worlds. In the summer the site can be reached only by canoe. In the winter, when the lakes are frozen, it can be reached by foot, with snowshoes if the snow is deep.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/21/travel/21snowshoeing.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|title = Trekking with Wolves|newspaper = The New York Times|date = February 17, 2010|last1 = Breining|first1 = Greg}}</ref> ===Charles L. Sommers Canoe Base=== The [[Boy Scouts of America|Boy Scouts of America's]] national [[Northern Tier High Adventure|Charles L. Sommers Canoe Base]] is a base for canoe trips and winter camping, activities and training. ==Education== The [[Ely Public School District]] includes two public schools for primary and secondary education.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ely Public Schools |url=https://www.ely.k12.mn.us/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=Independent School District 696 |language=en-gb}}</ref> * [[Ely Memorial High School]] (Grades 6–12) * Washington Elementary School (Grades Pre-K-5) Ely is home to [[Minnesota North College – Vermilion]], formerly named Vermilion Community College.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vermilion |url=https://minnesotanorth.edu/campuses/vermilion/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=Minnesota North |language=en-US}}</ref> Ely has a [[public library]], the Ely Public Library,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ely Public Library |url=http://www.elylibrary.org/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=Ely Public Library |language=en}}</ref> which is part of the Arrowhead Library System.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arrowhead Library System|url=https://sites.google.com/alslib.info/als-member-libraries/home |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=sites.google.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Originally housed in the [[Ely Community Center]], the library moved to a new, separate facility in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ely, MN - Ely Public Library |url=https://www.ely.org/services/government-and-public-services/ely-public-library/ |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=www.ely.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Check out our new library, and say thanks to those responsible {{!}} The Ely Echo |url=https://www.elyecho.com/articles/2014/11/21/check-out-our-new-library-and-say-thanks-those-responsible |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=www.elyecho.com}}</ref> ==Media== Ely is served by two community-oriented newspapers, the ''Ely Echo'' and the ''North Country Angler'', and a radio station, [[WELY]]. ==Notable people== * [[Jessica Biel]] – actress, born in Ely * [[Tom Brown (police officer)|Thomas A. Brown]] (1889–1959) – notoriously corrupt police chief of [[St. Paul, Minnesota]], during both [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]] and the [[Public enemy|Public Enemies]] era. Infamous as a conspirator in multiple felonies committed by the [[Dillinger Gang]] and the [[Barker-Karpis Gang]]. After successfully evading prosecution, Brown settled in Ely as a liquor store owner. * [[Jim Brandenburg (photographer)|Jim Brandenburg]] – photographer with ''[[National Geographic Magazine|National Geographic]]'' * [[Jim Klobuchar]] – journalist, father of U.S. Senator [[Amy Klobuchar]] * [[Lynn Rogers]] – black bear expert * [[Patrick Roger Vail]] - Minnesota politician and businessman ==Famous hoaxes== People from Ely, with the support (and often assistance) of the city council, have created various hoaxes as a way of garnering free publicity for the city. One was that of a fictional family that "paints the leaves" of trees every fall. The fictional family was retiring from the business, and wanted people to send in a "color application" if they wanted to help carry out the tradition.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.elyecho.com/main.asp?SectionID=2&SubSectionID=2&ArticleID=12927 |title=Ely re-brands Fall as "Getup" as in Getup for a visit this Autumn |access-date=September 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826104852/http://elyecho.com/main.asp?SectionID=2 |archive-date=August 26, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M5L3hU47aYs Leaf Coloring in Ely, Minnesota - YouTube]</ref> Previously, a story was released about Ely seceding from the United States to be part of Canada. Both hoaxes were featured on Ely's Chamber Of Commerce website, www.ely.org. In 2009, Ely made a tongue-in-cheek international bid to host the 2016 Olympics, with a man allegedly already employed with a bucket to drain Miner's Lake south of town in order to provide stadium seating. This hoax became widely known throughout Minnesota, and was often reported on radio stations. Shirts, bumper stickers, signs, and even interstate billboards bearing the slogan "Ely in 2016" became commonplace throughout the state.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://blogs.citypages.com/blotter/2009/04/ely_goes_all_ou.php |title=Ely goes all out for the 2016 Olympic bid | last = Kaiser | first = Emily | date = 1 April 2009 | access-date=September 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819004814/http://blogs.citypages.com/blotter/2009/04/ely_goes_all_ou.php |archive-date=August 19, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==References== {{reflist|refs=}} ==External links== {{Wikivoyage|Ely_%28Minnesota%29}} * [http://www.ely.org/ Tour-Travel website ely.org] * [http://www.ely.mn.us/ Ely, MN – City Government website] {{St. Louis County, Minnesota}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ely, Minnesota}} [[Category:Ely, Minnesota| ]] [[Category:Cities in Minnesota]] [[Category:Cities in St. Louis County, Minnesota]] [[Category:Mining communities in Minnesota]] </textarea><div 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