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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Practices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Practices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Practices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Practices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Factions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Factions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Factions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Factions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Factions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Factions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bakhshishāṅ_sects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bakhshishāṅ_sects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span><i>Bakhshishāṅ</i> sects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bakhshishāṅ_sects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Places_of_worship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Places_of_worship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Places of worship</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Places_of_worship-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Places of worship subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Places_of_worship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Akhara" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akhara"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Akhara</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akhara-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Amritsar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amritsar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Amritsar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amritsar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure_and_layout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure_and_layout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Structure and layout</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure_and_layout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Distribution</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Distribution subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Distribution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_Sindh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Sindh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>In Sindh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Sindh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Bengal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Bengal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>In Bengal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Bengal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leaders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leaders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Leaders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leaders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Udasi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udasi" title="Udasi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Udasi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF" title="उदासी सम्प्रदाय – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उदासी सम्प्रदाय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಉದಾಸಿಗಳು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಉದಾಸಿಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE" title="ਉਦਾਸੀ ਸੰਪਰਦਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉਦਾਸੀ ਸੰਪਰਦਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udasi" title="Udasi – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Udasi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Удаси – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Удаси" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="உதாசி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உதாசி" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Early sect of Sikhism</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For people named Udasi, see <a href="/wiki/Udasi_(surname)" title="Udasi (surname)">Udasi (surname)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Udasipanth<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">ਉਦਾਸੀਪੰਥ</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_two_Udasi_mendicants_of_Sikhism_in_Delhi,_Shepherd_%26_Robertson_(possibly),_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Portrait_of_two_Udasi_mendicants_of_Sikhism_in_Delhi%2C_Shepherd_%26_Robertson_%28possibly%29%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png/250px-Portrait_of_two_Udasi_mendicants_of_Sikhism_in_Delhi%2C_Shepherd_%26_Robertson_%28possibly%29%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png" decoding="async" width="151" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Portrait_of_two_Udasi_mendicants_of_Sikhism_in_Delhi%2C_Shepherd_%26_Robertson_%28possibly%29%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png/330px-Portrait_of_two_Udasi_mendicants_of_Sikhism_in_Delhi%2C_Shepherd_%26_Robertson_%28possibly%29%2C_ca.1859%E2%80%9369.png 2x" data-file-width="2581" data-file-height="4268" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Portrait of two Udasi mendicants of Sikhism in Delhi, Shepherd & Robertson (possibly), ca.1859–69</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Founder</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Sri_Chand" title="Sri Chand">Sri Chand</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> • <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a> • <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> • <a href="/wiki/Orissa" class="mw-redirect" title="Orissa">Orissa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Religions</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9">Scriptures</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Adi Granth Sahib</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Hindu Granths</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494" /><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #007FFF; padding:0.2em; font-size:140%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Udasis</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Detail_of_Baba_Sri_Chand%27s_portrait_painting_from_a_two-section_folding_black_carved_wood_frame_in_Mughal_style,_late_19th_century.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Sri Chand"><img alt="Sri Chand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Detail_of_Baba_Sri_Chand%27s_portrait_painting_from_a_two-section_folding_black_carved_wood_frame_in_Mughal_style%2C_late_19th_century.png/120px-Detail_of_Baba_Sri_Chand%27s_portrait_painting_from_a_two-section_folding_black_carved_wood_frame_in_Mughal_style%2C_late_19th_century.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Detail_of_Baba_Sri_Chand%27s_portrait_painting_from_a_two-section_folding_black_carved_wood_frame_in_Mughal_style%2C_late_19th_century.png/250px-Detail_of_Baba_Sri_Chand%27s_portrait_painting_from_a_two-section_folding_black_carved_wood_frame_in_Mughal_style%2C_late_19th_century.png 1.5x" data-file-width="733" data-file-height="733" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#007FFF; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Udasi leaders</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Chand" title="Sri Chand">Sri Chand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Gurditta" title="Baba Gurditta">Baba Gurditta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Almast" title="Bhai Almast">Bhai Almast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Balu_Hasna" title="Bhai Balu Hasna">Bhai Balu Hasna</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#007FFF; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Select revered saints</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhumman_Shah" title="Bhumman Shah">Bhumman Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankhandi" title="Bankhandi">Bankhandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Biram_Das" title="Baba Biram Das">Biram Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganga_Ram_Viakarni" title="Ganga Ram Viakarni">Ganga Ram Viakarni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganga_Das" title="Ganga Das">Ganga Das</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#007FFF; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Places</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhara" title="Akhara">Akhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadh_Belo" title="Sadh Belo">Sadh Belo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Chand_Darbar" title="Sri Chand Darbar">Sri Chand Darbar</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#007FFF; padding:0.1em;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000">Titles</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahant" title="Mahant">Mahant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaddi_Nashin" title="Gaddi Nashin">Gaddi Nashin</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism" title="Sects of Sikhism">Sikh sects</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Udasi" title="Template:Udasi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Udasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Udasi (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Udasi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Udasi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Udasis</b> (<a href="/wiki/Gurmukhi" title="Gurmukhi">Gurmukhi</a>: ਉਦਾਸੀ ਸੰਪਰਦਾ; <i>udāsī saparadā</i>) (<a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a>: उदासी संप्रदाय), also spelt as <b>Udasins<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b>, also known as <b>Nanak Putras</b> (meaning "sons of Nanak"),<sup id="cite_ref-:22_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are a religious <a href="/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism" title="Sects of Sikhism">sect</a> of ascetic <i><a href="/wiki/Sadhu" title="Sadhu">sadhus</a></i> centred in northern <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> who follow a tradition known as <b>Udasipanth</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Becoming custodians of Sikh shrines in the 18th century,<sup id="cite_ref-JSH_1993_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JSH_1993-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> they were notable interpreters and spreaders of the <a href="/wiki/Sikhism#Philosophy_and_teachings" title="Sikhism">Sikh philosophy</a> during that time.<sup id="cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSLEF_2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, their religious practices border on a syncretism of <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, and they did not conform to the Khalsa standards as ordained by <a href="/wiki/Guru_Gobind_Singh" title="Guru Gobind Singh">Guru Gobind Singh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fazal2014_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fazal2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the Lahore <a href="/wiki/Singh_Sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Singh Sabha">Singh Sabha</a> reformers, dominated by <a href="/wiki/Tat_Khalsa" title="Tat Khalsa">Tat Khalsa</a> Sikhs, would hold them responsible for indulging in ritual practices antithetical to Sikhism, as well as personal vices and corruption, the Udasi <a href="/wiki/Mahant" title="Mahant">mahants</a> were expelled from the Sikh shrines.<sup id="cite_ref-Fazal2014_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fazal2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ks542_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ks542-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SinghFenech2014p28_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SinghFenech2014p28-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Udasi and Udasin is derived from the Sanskrit word <i>Udāsīn</i>, which means one who is indifferent to or disregardful of worldly attachments, a stoic, or a mendicant.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word <i>Udasi</i> is derived from the Sanskrit word <span title="Sanskrit-language text"><i lang="sa-Latn">udasin</i></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-Oberoi1994p78_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oberoi1994p78-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meaning 'detached, journey', reflecting an approach to spiritual and temporal life,<sup id="cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSLEF_2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or from <span title="Sanskrit-language text"><i lang="sa-Latn">udas</i></span> ('detachment'), signifying indifference to or renunciation of worldly concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-DNL_1995_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNL_1995-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fresco_of_Sri_Chand_from_Akhara_Bala-Nand,_Amritsar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Fresco_of_Sri_Chand_from_Akhara_Bala-Nand%2C_Amritsar.jpg/250px-Fresco_of_Sri_Chand_from_Akhara_Bala-Nand%2C_Amritsar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Fresco_of_Sri_Chand_from_Akhara_Bala-Nand%2C_Amritsar.jpg/330px-Fresco_of_Sri_Chand_from_Akhara_Bala-Nand%2C_Amritsar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Fresco_of_Sri_Chand_from_Akhara_Bala-Nand%2C_Amritsar.jpg/500px-Fresco_of_Sri_Chand_from_Akhara_Bala-Nand%2C_Amritsar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3592" data-file-height="4747" /></a><figcaption>Fresco of Sri Chand from Akhara Bala-Nand, Amritsar</figcaption></figure> <p>According to myth, the sect was established in the <a href="/wiki/Puranic_chronology" class="mw-redirect" title="Puranic chronology">Puranic</a> age but historically speaking, the sect was founded by and based on the teachings of <a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak" title="Guru Nanak">Guru Nanak</a>'s elder son <a href="/wiki/Sri_Chand" title="Sri Chand">Sri Chand</a> (1494–1629, other sources give a death year of 1643).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sri Chand, contrary to his father's emphasis on participation in society, propagated ascetic renunciation and celibacy.<sup id="cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSLEF_2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another Sikh tradition links the Udasis to <a href="/wiki/Baba_Gurditta" title="Baba Gurditta">Baba Gurditta</a>, the eldest son of <a href="/wiki/Guru_Hargobind" title="Guru Hargobind">Guru Hargobind</a>, and there is dispute on whether the Udasis originated with Sri Chand or Gurditta.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOberoi199478_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOberoi199478-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another viewpoint is that Sri Chand was the founder of the sect and passed the leadership to Baba Gurditta as his successor.<i><sup id="cite_ref-:02_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p><p>They maintain their own parallel line of gurus from Guru Nanak, followed by Sri Chand, followed by Gurditta.<sup id="cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSLEF_2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They first came to prominence in the 17th century,<sup id="cite_ref-Oberoi1994p78_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oberoi1994p78-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and gradually began to manage Sikh shrines and establishments in the 18th century,<sup id="cite_ref-JSH_1993_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JSH_1993-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from where they espoused a model of Sikhism that diverged considerably from that of the Khalsa.<sup id="cite_ref-Oberoi1994p78_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oberoi1994p78-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They would set up establishments across North India through to Benares, where they would come to be ideologically joined with monastic asceticism.<sup id="cite_ref-Oberoi1994p78_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oberoi1994p78-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The combination of Hindu gods and the Sikh religious text indicated that the sect evolved over time under many historical influences and conditions,<sup id="cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSLEF_2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> interpreting the message of <a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Granth Sahib</a> in monistic <a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedantic</a> terms.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinghFenech2014376_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESinghFenech2014376-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JSG_1998_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JSG_1998-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were initially largely based in urban centers where they set up their establishments, or <i>akharas</i>, only beginning to spread into rural areas during Sikh rule;<sup id="cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSLEF_2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before, they had around a dozen centres; by the end of Maharaja <a href="/wiki/Ranjit_Singh" title="Ranjit Singh">Ranjit Singh</a>'s reign, the number had increased to around 250.<sup id="cite_ref-JSG_1998_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JSG_1998-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Udasis widely propagated its form of Sikh philosophy, and during the 18th and the early 19th centuries, their teachings attracted a large number of people to the Sikh fold.<sup id="cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSLEF_2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to early <a href="/wiki/Gurbilases" title="Gurbilases">gur-bilas literature</a> and some modern scholars, Guru Gobind Singh had employed a large number of armed, militant Udasi asectics prior to the construction of the forts of Anandpur Sahib. It has been posited that Guru Gobind Singh initiated the Khalsa in order to amalgamate the nirgun bhakti beliefs of the <a href="/wiki/Ramanandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramanandi">Ramanandis</a> and the martial traditions of the growing number of armed mahants.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the emergence of the <a href="/wiki/Singh_Sabha_Movement" title="Singh Sabha Movement">Singh Sabha Movement</a> in the late 19th century, they controlled important Sikh shrines, including the <a href="/wiki/Harimandir_Sahib" class="mw-redirect" title="Harimandir Sahib">Harimandir Sahib</a> for a short while.<sup id="cite_ref-Oberoi1994p78_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oberoi1994p78-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DNL_1995_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNL_1995-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, during the <a href="/wiki/Akali_movement" title="Akali movement">Akali movement</a> of the 20th century, the <a href="/wiki/Tat_Khalsa" title="Tat Khalsa">Tat Khalsa</a> Sikhs expelled them from the Sikh shrines, accusing them of vices and of indulging in ritual practices that were against the teachings of the Sikh gurus. The <a href="/wiki/Sikh_Gurdwaras_Act,_1925" title="Sikh Gurdwaras Act, 1925">Sikh Gurdwara Reform Act, 1925</a> defined the term "Sikh" in a way that excluded the syncretic groups like Udasis, <a href="/wiki/Nanakpanthi" title="Nanakpanthi">Nanakpanthis</a>, and other groups who maintained transitional identities.<sup id="cite_ref-Fazal2014_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fazal2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, the Udasis increasingly identified themselves as Hindus rather than Sikhs.<sup id="cite_ref-JSH_1993_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JSH_1993-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Practices">Practices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Practices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fresco_depicting_a_congregation_of_Udasis_from_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar,_Punjab.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Fresco_depicting_a_congregation_of_Udasis_from_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar%2C_Punjab.jpg/220px-Fresco_depicting_a_congregation_of_Udasis_from_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar%2C_Punjab.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Fresco_depicting_a_congregation_of_Udasis_from_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar%2C_Punjab.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="187" /></a><figcaption>Fresco depicting a congregation of Udasis from the Sangalwala Akhara in Amritsar, Punjab</figcaption></figure> <p>According to 18th-century descriptions, they either cut or matted their hair under a turban, rather than knot it under a turban like Khalsas, and instead of the Khalsa emphasis on the <i><a href="/wiki/Panj_kakkar" class="mw-redirect" title="Panj kakkar">panj kakkar</a></i> garb and sporting arms, their dress code would include items such as a cap, a cotton bag, a flower rosary, a vessel made of dried pumpkin, a chain around the waist, ash to smear on their body, and a deerskin upon which to perform <a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">Hatha yoga</a>, resulting in an extremely divergent appearance from Khalsa Sikhs in the eighteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-Oberoi1994p78_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oberoi1994p78-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to not consider the Khalsa's <a href="/wiki/Rehat_Maryada" class="mw-redirect" title="Rehat Maryada">Rehat Maryada</a> to be binding on them,<sup id="cite_ref-DNL_1995_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNL_1995-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> their modes of thought and attitude towards salvation also differed significantly. The Khalsa believed that salvation could be attained while taking part in society and pursuing secular objectives like political power and accumulation of resources like agrarian land, though this had to be accomplished within a particular framework of beliefs and spiritual practices, chief among which was the societal order and structure of the Khalsa. The Udasis considered secular pursuits to be incompatible with personal salvation, which was to be achieved only through renouncing the world,<sup id="cite_ref-Oberoi1994p78_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oberoi1994p78-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> espousing asceticism and a monastic traveler lifestyle. Udasis are known for their <i><a href="/wiki/Akhara" title="Akhara">Akharas</a></i> along with the Nirmala sect of Sikhism. </p><p>The Udasis also worship the <a href="/wiki/Panchayatana_puja" title="Panchayatana puja">panchayatana</a>, the five Hindu deities: <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Factions">Factions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Factions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Painting_of_a_%22Naga%22_Udasi_ascetic_from_a_folio_of_a_manuscript_of_the_Silsilah-i-Jogiyan,_ca.1800.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Painting_of_a_%22Naga%22_Udasi_ascetic_from_a_folio_of_a_manuscript_of_the_Silsilah-i-Jogiyan%2C_ca.1800.jpg/250px-Painting_of_a_%22Naga%22_Udasi_ascetic_from_a_folio_of_a_manuscript_of_the_Silsilah-i-Jogiyan%2C_ca.1800.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Painting_of_a_%22Naga%22_Udasi_ascetic_from_a_folio_of_a_manuscript_of_the_Silsilah-i-Jogiyan%2C_ca.1800.jpg/330px-Painting_of_a_%22Naga%22_Udasi_ascetic_from_a_folio_of_a_manuscript_of_the_Silsilah-i-Jogiyan%2C_ca.1800.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Painting_of_a_%22Naga%22_Udasi_ascetic_from_a_folio_of_a_manuscript_of_the_Silsilah-i-Jogiyan%2C_ca.1800.jpg/500px-Painting_of_a_%22Naga%22_Udasi_ascetic_from_a_folio_of_a_manuscript_of_the_Silsilah-i-Jogiyan%2C_ca.1800.jpg 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Painting of a "Naga" Udasi ascetic from a folio of a manuscript of the Silsilah-i-Jogiyan, ca.1800</figcaption></figure> <p>There are various sub-sects within the Udasis, some of them being:<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Almast" title="Bhai Almast">Almast</a> <i>dhūāṅ</i></li> <li>Phūl <i>dhūāṅ</i></li> <li>Goind (or Gondā) <i>dhūāṅ</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Balu_Hasna" title="Bhai Balu Hasna">Bālū Husnā</a> <i>dhūāṅ</i></li> <li>Naga (Nāngā), followers of this sect remain naked except for a brass chain worn around the waist</li></ul> <p>Note - the word <i>dhūāṅ</i> means hearth </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bakhshishāṅ_sects"><span id="Bakhshish.C4.81.E1.B9.85_sects"></span><i>Ba<u>kh</u>shishāṅ</i> sects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bakhshishāṅ sects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%27Suthrasahi,_an_order_of_Sikh_ascetics%27,_a_painting_from_the_Tashrih_al-aqvam,_circa_1825.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%27Suthrasahi%2C_an_order_of_Sikh_ascetics%27%2C_a_painting_from_the_Tashrih_al-aqvam%2C_circa_1825.jpg/250px-%27Suthrasahi%2C_an_order_of_Sikh_ascetics%27%2C_a_painting_from_the_Tashrih_al-aqvam%2C_circa_1825.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%27Suthrasahi%2C_an_order_of_Sikh_ascetics%27%2C_a_painting_from_the_Tashrih_al-aqvam%2C_circa_1825.jpg/330px-%27Suthrasahi%2C_an_order_of_Sikh_ascetics%27%2C_a_painting_from_the_Tashrih_al-aqvam%2C_circa_1825.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%27Suthrasahi%2C_an_order_of_Sikh_ascetics%27%2C_a_painting_from_the_Tashrih_al-aqvam%2C_circa_1825.jpg/500px-%27Suthrasahi%2C_an_order_of_Sikh_ascetics%27%2C_a_painting_from_the_Tashrih_al-aqvam%2C_circa_1825.jpg 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>'Suthrasahi, an order of Sikh ascetics', a painting from the <i>Tashrih al-aqvam</i>, circa 1825</figcaption></figure> <p>After the four <i>dhūāṅs</i>, another sub-sect of Udasis emerged known as <i>Ba<u>kh</u>shishāṅ.</i> There were six prominent groups of this type, them namely being:<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>Bhagat Bhagvanie</i> (followers of Bhagat Bhagvan)</li> <li><i>Suthrashahie</i> (followers of Suthrashah)</li> <li><i>Sangat Sahibie</i> (followers of Sangat Sahib)</li> <li><i>Mihan Shahie</i> or <i>Mihall Dasie</i>, so called after <i>Mihan</i>, the title conferred by Guru Tegh Bahadur on Ramdev</li> <li><i>Bakht Mallie</i> (followers of Bakht Mall)</li> <li><i>Jit Mallie</i> (followers of Jit Mall)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Places_of_worship">Places of worship</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Places of worship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Udasi_akhara"></span><span class="anchor" id="Udasi_Akhara"></span></p><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Temple_inside_Udasi_Akhada_-KTM_-11-Tripureswar_by_ST_(6).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Temple_inside_Udasi_Akhada_-KTM_-11-Tripureswar_by_ST_%286%29.JPG/350px-Temple_inside_Udasi_Akhada_-KTM_-11-Tripureswar_by_ST_%286%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="350" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Temple_inside_Udasi_Akhada_-KTM_-11-Tripureswar_by_ST_%286%29.JPG/525px-Temple_inside_Udasi_Akhada_-KTM_-11-Tripureswar_by_ST_%286%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Temple_inside_Udasi_Akhada_-KTM_-11-Tripureswar_by_ST_%286%29.JPG/700px-Temple_inside_Udasi_Akhada_-KTM_-11-Tripureswar_by_ST_%286%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>An Udasi shrine in <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></figcaption></figure><p>Places of worship associated with Udasis are known as <i><a href="/wiki/Akhara" title="Akhara">Akharas</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Durbar_(court)" title="Durbar (court)">Darbars</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter term finds heavy usage in Sindh.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The title of a leader of an Udasi akhara or darbar is <i><a href="/wiki/Mahant" title="Mahant">mahant</a></i>, but some groups prefer to use the term <i><a href="/wiki/Gaddi_Nashin" title="Gaddi Nashin">Gaddi Nashin</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term for a follower or student at an Udasi site is <i>chela</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Akhara">Akhara</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Akhara"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i><a href="/wiki/Akhara" title="Akhara">akhara</a></i> is traditionally associated with wrestling but it implies a different meaning as used by Sikh sects like the Udasis and <a href="/wiki/Nirmala_(sect)" title="Nirmala (sect)">Nirmalas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another word used for Udasi centres of spirituality is <i><a href="/wiki/Dera_(organization)" title="Dera (organization)">dera</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditionally, the Udasis claim Sri Chand as being the establisher of many akharas but historically, they first appeared in the mid-18th century when Mahant Nirvan Pritam Das established the Panchayti akhara in 1779, as per Sikh historian <a href="/wiki/Kahn_Singh_Nabha" title="Kahn Singh Nabha">Kahn Singh Nabha</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Mahan_Kosh" title="Mahan Kosh">Mahan Kosh</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mahant Nirvan Pritam Das also founded akhara centres in Kashi Kankhal (<a href="/wiki/Haridwar" title="Haridwar">Haridwar</a>) and other places of <a href="/wiki/Hindu_pilgrimage_sites" title="Hindu pilgrimage sites">Indic pilgrimage sites</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Traditionally, there were four Udasi centres (<i><a href="/wiki/Akhara" title="Akhara">akharas</a></i> or <i>dhuans</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Template:Which_lang" title="Template:Which lang"><span title="to add language template (November 2021)">what language is this?</span></a></i>]</sup>) with each controlling a certain preaching area; <a href="/wiki/Nanakmatta" title="Nanakmatta">Nanakmatta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malwa_(Punjab)" title="Malwa (Punjab)">Malwa (Punjab)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doaba" title="Doaba">Doaba</a>. An Udasi Akhara, named Dera Baba Bhuman Shah, dedicated the Udasi saint <a href="/wiki/Bhumman_Shah" title="Bhumman Shah">Bhuman Shah</a> was formerly located in <a href="/wiki/Behlolpur_(Okara)" title="Behlolpur (Okara)">Behlolpur</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> but it has since been abandoned since the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">1947 partition of India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Amritsar">Amritsar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Amritsar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_titled_%27A_Temple_in_Amritsar%27_taken_in_1859_by_Felice_Beato._Identified_as_the_original_Udasi_shrine_of_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Photograph_titled_%27A_Temple_in_Amritsar%27_taken_in_1859_by_Felice_Beato._Identified_as_the_original_Udasi_shrine_of_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar.jpg/220px-Photograph_titled_%27A_Temple_in_Amritsar%27_taken_in_1859_by_Felice_Beato._Identified_as_the_original_Udasi_shrine_of_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Photograph_titled_%27A_Temple_in_Amritsar%27_taken_in_1859_by_Felice_Beato._Identified_as_the_original_Udasi_shrine_of_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar.jpg/330px-Photograph_titled_%27A_Temple_in_Amritsar%27_taken_in_1859_by_Felice_Beato._Identified_as_the_original_Udasi_shrine_of_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Photograph_titled_%27A_Temple_in_Amritsar%27_taken_in_1859_by_Felice_Beato._Identified_as_the_original_Udasi_shrine_of_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar.jpg/440px-Photograph_titled_%27A_Temple_in_Amritsar%27_taken_in_1859_by_Felice_Beato._Identified_as_the_original_Udasi_shrine_of_the_Sangalwala_Akhara_in_Amritsar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1079" data-file-height="1079" /></a><figcaption>Photograph titled 'A Temple in Amritsar' taken in 1859 by <a href="/wiki/Felice_Beato" title="Felice Beato">Felice Beato</a>. Identified as the original Udasi shrine of the Sangalwala Akhara in Amritsar</figcaption></figure> <p>At one point, there were a total of 12 Udasi <i>akharas</i> in the city of <a href="/wiki/Amritsar" title="Amritsar">Amritsar</a>. They are as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Akhara Tehal Das, now abandoned</li> <li>Akhara Mahant Bala Nand, founded in 1775, rebuilt in 1888 as a three-storied structure by Mahant Bhishambar Prashad. It was a centre of <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> learning until 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Akhara Kashi Wala, founded by Mahant Narain Das in 1795, located near Darwaza Sultanvind</li> <li>Akhara Shatte Wala, originally named Akhara Parag Das</li> <li>Akhara Brahm Buta, said to be the oldest akhara of the city. Sri Chand is said to have stayed here when he visited the city during the <a href="/wiki/Guru_Gaddi" title="Guru Gaddi">guruship</a> of <a href="/wiki/Guru_Ram_Das" title="Guru Ram Das">Guru Ram Das</a>. Mahant Nirban Santokh Das was associated with this akhara.</li> <li>Akhara Bibbeksar, founded by Mahant Balak Nath, later shifted to Haridwar</li> <li>Akhara Kashi Wala of Gheo Mandi, founded by Mahant Sharan Das during the first half of the 19th century. It was founded on land gifted by Maharaja Ranjit Singh that belonged to the village of Tung. It remains active as an Udasi spiritual centre.</li> <li>Sanglan Wala Akhara, founded by Mahant Pritam Das in 1788 in Bazaar Mai Sevan</li> <li>Akhara Chitta, founded by Mahant Ganga Ram Viakarani in Bazaar Mai Sevan during the Sikh Misl-period</li> <li>Akhara Ghamand Das</li> <li>Akhara Mahant Prem Das</li> <li>Akhara Sarigalvala</li> <li>Akhara Karishivala, near Darwaza Ghi Mandi</li> <li>Akhara Babeksar</li> <li>Akhara Samadhiarivala</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structure_and_layout">Structure and layout</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Structure and layout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <i>deori</i> is the gateway to site.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <i>dhuna</i> or <i>dhuan</i> refers to a hearth where Udasi followers practice <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">yogic</a> activities and other religious practices, such as <a href="/wiki/Dhyana_in_Hinduism" title="Dhyana in Hinduism">adhna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yajna" title="Yajna">yagya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <i>dhuni</i> refers to a campfire where a sacred fire occurs.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Every Udasi place of worship contains a flag called a <i>gerua</i>, which is the colour of red-ochre and topped with wings from a peacock.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <i>thara</i> is a place where sacred verses are recited.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <i><a href="/wiki/Dharamshala_(type_of_building)" title="Dharamshala (type of building)">dharamshala</a></i> are guesthouses where pilgrims and visitors would stay.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Langar_(Sikhism)" title="Langar (Sikhism)">Langar khana</a></i> refers to the area where a free kitchen is carried out.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Narsingha_or_Ransingha_(%27war_trumpets%27)_Udasi_Sikh_Mahants_await_the_Prince_of_Wales_on_his_visit_to_Amritsar,_ca.1905.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Narsingha_or_Ransingha_%28%27war_trumpets%27%29_Udasi_Sikh_Mahants_await_the_Prince_of_Wales_on_his_visit_to_Amritsar%2C_ca.1905.jpg/250px-Narsingha_or_Ransingha_%28%27war_trumpets%27%29_Udasi_Sikh_Mahants_await_the_Prince_of_Wales_on_his_visit_to_Amritsar%2C_ca.1905.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Narsingha_or_Ransingha_%28%27war_trumpets%27%29_Udasi_Sikh_Mahants_await_the_Prince_of_Wales_on_his_visit_to_Amritsar%2C_ca.1905.jpg/330px-Narsingha_or_Ransingha_%28%27war_trumpets%27%29_Udasi_Sikh_Mahants_await_the_Prince_of_Wales_on_his_visit_to_Amritsar%2C_ca.1905.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Narsingha_or_Ransingha_%28%27war_trumpets%27%29_Udasi_Sikh_Mahants_await_the_Prince_of_Wales_on_his_visit_to_Amritsar%2C_ca.1905.jpg/500px-Narsingha_or_Ransingha_%28%27war_trumpets%27%29_Udasi_Sikh_Mahants_await_the_Prince_of_Wales_on_his_visit_to_Amritsar%2C_ca.1905.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Narsingha or Ransingha ('war trumpets') Udasi Sikh Mahants await the Prince of Wales on his visit to Amritsar, ca.1905</figcaption></figure> <p>The term <i>Gawantaris</i> refers to Udasi musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A commonly played instrument of the Udasis is the <i><a href="/wiki/Ransingha" title="Ransingha">Narasingha</a></i> horn, used to inform the public about religious processions.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Folio_of_a_manuscript_of_%27Matra_Sahib%27,_attributed_to_Sri_Chand_(5).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Folio_of_a_manuscript_of_%27Matra_Sahib%27%2C_attributed_to_Sri_Chand_%285%29.jpg/250px-Folio_of_a_manuscript_of_%27Matra_Sahib%27%2C_attributed_to_Sri_Chand_%285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Folio_of_a_manuscript_of_%27Matra_Sahib%27%2C_attributed_to_Sri_Chand_%285%29.jpg/330px-Folio_of_a_manuscript_of_%27Matra_Sahib%27%2C_attributed_to_Sri_Chand_%285%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Folio_of_a_manuscript_of_%27Matra_Sahib%27%2C_attributed_to_Sri_Chand_%285%29.jpg/500px-Folio_of_a_manuscript_of_%27Matra_Sahib%27%2C_attributed_to_Sri_Chand_%285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="557" /></a><figcaption>Folio of a manuscript of <i>Matra Sahib</i>, attributed to Sri Chand</figcaption></figure> <p>An Udasi saint and direct descendant of Guru Nanak named Sukhbasi Ram Bedi (1758–1848) was responsible for authoring literary work in verse titled <i>Guru Nanak Bans Prakash</i> documenting the life of Guru Nanak and his descendants.<sup id="cite_ref-:022_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:022-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Today's Udasi are predominantly located in <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwestern India">northwestern India</a>, especially around <a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, and cities like <a href="/wiki/Haridwar" title="Haridwar">Haridwar</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>; they are divided into three major groups: </p> <ul><li>Niya (New) Udasi Panchayati Akarda</li> <li>Bara (Big) Udasi Panchayati Akarda</li> <li>Nirmal Udasi Panachayati Akarda</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Sindh">In Sindh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: In Sindh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Sindh" title="Sikhism in Sindh">Sikhism in Sindh</a></div> <p>Sindh has a large number of people who may be best described as Udasis.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area of northern Sindh was especially influenced by Udasipanth.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Udasi temples of Sindh are known as <a href="/wiki/Durbar_(court)" title="Durbar (court)"><i>darbars</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is said that Sri Chand himself visited <a href="/wiki/Thatta_District" title="Thatta District">Thatta</a> in Sindh, where a darbar commemorates his stay.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sri Chand travelled to Sindh in the second half of the 16th century during the reign of the <a href="/wiki/Tarkhan_dynasty" title="Tarkhan dynasty">Tarkhan dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He established a dhuni (campfire) at <a href="/wiki/Rohri" title="Rohri">Rohri</a> and another at Faqir Jo Goth, the latter of which is around 5 kilometres from <a href="/wiki/Thatta" title="Thatta">Thatta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> After the passing of Gurditta, the second Udasi leader, the leadership passed to four preachers, with Bhai Almast being one of these four.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Almast travelled to Sindh, where he conducted missionary activities and successfully converted many Sindhis to the Udasipanth.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His place of residence was at Rohri, at the dhuni established by Sri Chand.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those newly converted appended <i>Ram</i> or <i>Das</i> to the end of their names.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>mahants</i> (who appended the prefix Bava or Bao, meaning "ascetic" at the beginning of their names and refer to their title of leadership as <i><a href="/wiki/Gaddi_Nashin" title="Gaddi Nashin">Gadhisar</a></i>) of the Baba Sri Chand Darbar (colloquially known as Raj Ghaat) in Faqir Jo Goth, such as the first mahant, Bava Balkram Das, conducted missionary activities in the area and faraway (even as distant as Nepal) as did his successors.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His two successors, Bava Pooran Das and Bava Lachman Das, were not only missionaries but also masters at <a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">hathi yoga</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sikhism became popularized in Sindh due to the missionary works of these Udasi saints.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Udasi temples in Sindh typically houses both the Guru Granth Sahib as well images of various Hindu deities.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is said to be an Udasi temple dedicated to a saint in every town and city of Sindh.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the reign of the <a href="/wiki/Talpur_dynasty" title="Talpur dynasty">Talpur</a> Mirs of <a href="/wiki/Khairpur_(princely_state)" title="Khairpur (princely state)">Khairpur</a> (1783–1955), many Udasi darbars were constructed and Udasi saints were accepted to settle in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_the_Sadh_Belo_complex_in_Sindh,_ca.1940.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Photograph_of_the_Sadh_Belo_complex_in_Sindh%2C_ca.1940.jpg/220px-Photograph_of_the_Sadh_Belo_complex_in_Sindh%2C_ca.1940.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Photograph_of_the_Sadh_Belo_complex_in_Sindh%2C_ca.1940.jpg/330px-Photograph_of_the_Sadh_Belo_complex_in_Sindh%2C_ca.1940.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Photograph_of_the_Sadh_Belo_complex_in_Sindh%2C_ca.1940.jpg/440px-Photograph_of_the_Sadh_Belo_complex_in_Sindh%2C_ca.1940.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="766" /></a><figcaption>Photograph of the Sadh Belo complex in Sindh, ca.1940</figcaption></figure><p>A darbar at Godhu Shah in Khairpur (known as the Godhu Shah Darbar, Nanga Darbar, or Gurpota Darbar) is believed to have been founded by a grandson of one of the Sikh gurus (<i>Gurpota</i>) whom became an Udasi under the guidance of a mahant, it is associated with the Nanga sect of Udasis.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another Udasi saint who spread the faith in Sindh was Rai Sahib Gokal Singh, who established a darbar in Gokalpur Kot in Garhi Yashin.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baba Wasti Ram, an Udasi saint, established a darbar in Garhi Yasin town.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baba Wasti Ram and his successors, Baba Khushi Ram Sahib (a talented mystic), Baba Agya Ram (established a darbar in Aurangabad village), and Baba Piyara Ram (established in a darbar in Maari village), spread the Udasi teachings in the <a href="/wiki/Shikarpur_District" title="Shikarpur District">Shikarpur</a> area.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_19-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One prominent Udasi saint, <a href="/wiki/Bankhandi" title="Bankhandi">Bankhandi</a>, originally from either Nepal or near Delhi, was the founder of <a href="/wiki/Sadh_Belo" title="Sadh Belo">Sadh Belo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sukkur_District" title="Sukkur District">Sukkur</a>, Sindh in 1823.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:03_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto2_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto3_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto3-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In recent times, veneration of the folkdeity <a href="/wiki/Jhulelal_(Hinduism)" title="Jhulelal (Hinduism)">Jhulelal</a> has crept into the practices of Udasi darbars in Sindh.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The liberal attitude of Sindhi Muslims may have helped the Udasis take root in Sindh rather than being pushed out on the basis of religious intolerance and persecution.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most well-known Udasi darbars of Sindh are:<sup id="cite_ref-:6_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Baba Bankhandi Darbar at Sadh Belo, Sukkur</li> <li>Baba Sarup Das Darbar (alias Halani Darbar) at Naushero Feroz</li> <li>Khushi Ram Darbar at Rohri</li> <li>Samad Udasin at Shikarpur</li> <li>Chhat Darbar at Shikarpur</li> <li>Wadi Darbar at Pir Jo Goth</li> <li>Jumna Das Darbar</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Bengal">In Bengal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: In Bengal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Bangladesh" title="Sikhism in Bangladesh">Sikhism in Bangladesh</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gurdwara_Dhaka_1950_rear_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gurdwara_Dhaka_1950_rear_view.jpg/220px-Gurdwara_Dhaka_1950_rear_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gurdwara_Dhaka_1950_rear_view.jpg/330px-Gurdwara_Dhaka_1950_rear_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gurdwara_Dhaka_1950_rear_view.jpg/440px-Gurdwara_Dhaka_1950_rear_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="978" data-file-height="728" /></a><figcaption>Photograph of <i><a href="/wiki/Samadhi_(shrine)" title="Samadhi (shrine)">samadhs</a></i> at the rear of Gurdwara Nanak Shahi, 1950. The gurdwara's establishment is traced to Udasis.</figcaption></figure> <p>There are claims of <a href="/wiki/Baba_Gurditta" title="Baba Gurditta">Baba Gurditta</a> visiting Bengal, where he established a <i>manji</i> in Shujatpur (presently the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dhaka" title="University of Dhaka">University of Dhaka</a> campus) which Gurditta traced to be the location in which Nanak resided during his stay in Bengal.<sup id="cite_ref-banglapedia2_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-banglapedia2-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the reign of <a href="/wiki/Mughal_emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal emperor">Mughal emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Jahangir" title="Jahangir">Jahangir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guru_Hargobind" title="Guru Hargobind">Guru Hargobind</a> dispatched Bhai Natha (<a href="/wiki/Bhai_Almast" title="Bhai Almast">Bhai Almast</a>'s successor) to Bengal, who dug another well and also laid the foundation stone for the <a href="/wiki/Gurdwara_Nanak_Shahi" title="Gurdwara Nanak Shahi">Shujatpur Sikh Sangat</a>, a religious congregation.<sup id="cite_ref-:222_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:222-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-banglapedia2_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-banglapedia2-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalbir Singh Dhillon claims that the sixth guru had dispatched Bhai Almast to conduct missionary work in Bengal, whose original work was carried-on by Bhai Natha by the time of the ninth Sikh guru, Tegh Bahadur.<sup id="cite_ref-:222_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:222-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sangat Shutrashasi was a temple that belonged to the Suthrashahi sub-sect of the Udasi sect which was once located in Urdu Bazaar, but the Suthrashahi sadhus later destroyed it themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-banglapedia3_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-banglapedia3-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leaders">Leaders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Leaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b> with: Please add more of the leaders of the Udasi sect. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Name <p><span style="font-size: 85%;">(Birth–Death)</span> </p> </th> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Term </th> <th>Reference(s) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Chand" title="Sri Chand">Sri Chand</a><br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1494 – 1629)</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Detail_of_Sri_Chand_from_a_painting_depicting_the_ten_Sikh_Gurus_with_attendants_(Bhai_Bala,_Bhai_Mardana,_Sri_Chand,_and_possibly_Lakhmi_Das),_Punjab,_circa_late_19th_century_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Detail_of_Sri_Chand_from_a_painting_depicting_the_ten_Sikh_Gurus_with_attendants_%28Bhai_Bala%2C_Bhai_Mardana%2C_Sri_Chand%2C_and_possibly_Lakhmi_Das%29%2C_Punjab%2C_circa_late_19th_century_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Detail_of_Sri_Chand_from_a_painting_depicting_the_ten_Sikh_Gurus_with_attendants_%28Bhai_Bala%2C_Bhai_Mardana%2C_Sri_Chand%2C_and_possibly_Lakhmi_Das%29%2C_Punjab%2C_circa_late_19th_century_%28cropped%29.jpg/225px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Detail_of_Sri_Chand_from_a_painting_depicting_the_ten_Sikh_Gurus_with_attendants_%28Bhai_Bala%2C_Bhai_Mardana%2C_Sri_Chand%2C_and_possibly_Lakhmi_Das%29%2C_Punjab%2C_circa_late_19th_century_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="487" data-file-height="504" /></a></span> </td> <td>1494 – 1629 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baba_Gurditta" title="Baba Gurditta">Baba Gurditta</a><br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(1613 – 1638)</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fresco_painting_of_Baba_Gurditta,_the_eldest_son_of_the_sixth_Sikh_guru,_Guru_Hargobind,_and_second_leader_of_the_Udasi_sect_succeeding_Sri_Chand,_circa_early_18th_century.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Fresco_painting_of_Baba_Gurditta%2C_the_eldest_son_of_the_sixth_Sikh_guru%2C_Guru_Hargobind%2C_and_second_leader_of_the_Udasi_sect_succeeding_Sri_Chand%2C_circa_early_18th_century.jpg/250px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="153" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Fresco_painting_of_Baba_Gurditta%2C_the_eldest_son_of_the_sixth_Sikh_guru%2C_Guru_Hargobind%2C_and_second_leader_of_the_Udasi_sect_succeeding_Sri_Chand%2C_circa_early_18th_century.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span> </td> <td>1629 – 1638 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-:02_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Almast" title="Bhai Almast">Almast</a>, Phūl, Goind (or Gondā) and <a href="/wiki/Bhai_Balu_Hasna" title="Bhai Balu Hasna">Bālū Husnā</a><br /><span style="font-size: 85%;">(four head preachers appointed by Baba Gurditta for four new monastic seats)</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sin_foto.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sin_foto.svg/150px-Sin_foto.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sin_foto.svg/225px-Sin_foto.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Sin_foto.svg/300px-Sin_foto.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td>? </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhanadeva" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhanadeva">Dhanadeva</a> – an ancient inscription found in an Udasi shrine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism" title="Sects of Sikhism">Sects of Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_denominations" title="Hindu denominations">Sects of Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadh_Belo" title="Sadh Belo">Sadh Belo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Chand_Darbar" title="Sri Chand Darbar">Sri Chand Darbar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:6-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKalhoro2018" class="citation web cs1">Kalhoro, Zulfiqar Ali (14 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/38014703">"Udasi Sikh Saints of Sindh"</a>. <i>Originally published on The Friday Times, republished on Academia.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Originally+published+on+The+Friday+Times%2C+republished+on+Academia.edu&rft.atitle=Udasi+Sikh+Saints+of+Sindh&rft.date=2018-12-14&rft.aulast=Kalhoro&rft.aufirst=Zulfiqar+Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F38014703&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:22-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:22_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:22_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:22_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a 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title="EISSN (identifier)">eISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2710-3137">2710-3137</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2710-3129">2710-3129</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pakistan+Journal+of+Social+Research&rft.atitle=Refurbishment+of+Gurdwara+Baba+Bhuman+Shah+Dipalpur%2C+District+Okara&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E52-%3C%2Fspan%3E66&rft.date=2021-12&rft.issn=2710-3129&rft.eissn=2710-3137&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.52567%2Fpjsr.v3i4.279&rft.aulast=Jabeen&rft.aufirst=Asia&rft.au=Munir%2C+Mazhar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpjsr.com.pk%2Fojs%2Findex.php%2FPJSR%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F279%2F105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li 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Devotion Transcending Regional Boundaries: An Exploration of the Origin, Adaption and Development of Udasipanth in Sindh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322343647_Devotion_Transcending_Regional_Boundaries_An_Exploration_of_the_Origin_Adaption_and_Development_of_Udasipanth_in_Sindh">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322343647_Devotion_Transcending_Regional_Boundaries_An_Exploration_of_the_Origin_Adaption_and_Development_of_Udasipanth_in_Sindh</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JSH_1993-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JSH_1993_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JSH_1993_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JSH_1993_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Stratton_HawleyGurinder_Singh_Mann1993" class="citation book cs1">John Stratton Hawley; Gurinder Singh Mann (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fWJGAECpClsC&pg=PA182"><i>Studying the Sikhs: Issues for North America</i></a>. SUNY Press. p. 182. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-1426-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-1426-2"><bdi>978-0-7914-1426-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studying+the+Sikhs%3A+Issues+for+North+America&rft.pages=182&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-1426-2&rft.au=John+Stratton+Hawley&rft.au=Gurinder+Singh+Mann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfWJGAECpClsC%26pg%3DPA182&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PSLEF_2014-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PSLEF_2014_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSinghFenech2014" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Pashaura; Fenech, Louis E., eds. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CzYeAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA376"><i>The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies</i></a>. OUP Oxford. pp. <span class="nowrap">375–</span>376. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-100412-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-100412-4"><bdi>978-0-19-100412-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Sikh+Studies&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E375-%3C%2Fspan%3E376&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-19-100412-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCzYeAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fazal2014-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fazal2014_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fazal2014_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fazal2014_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTanweer_Fazal2014" class="citation book cs1">Tanweer Fazal (1 August 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1WwtBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA113"><i>"Nation-state" and Minority Rights in India: Comparative Perspectives on Muslim and Sikh Identities</i></a>. Routledge. p. 113. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-75179-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-75179-3"><bdi>978-1-317-75179-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22Nation-state%22+and+Minority+Rights+in+India%3A+Comparative+Perspectives+on+Muslim+and+Sikh+Identities&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014-08-01&rft.isbn=978-1-317-75179-3&rft.au=Tanweer+Fazal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1WwtBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ks542-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ks542_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPashaura_SinghLouis_E._Fenech2014" class="citation book cs1">Pashaura Singh; Louis E. 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Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">542–</span>543. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-100412-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-100412-4"><bdi>978-0-19-100412-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Sikh+Studies&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E542-%3C%2Fspan%3E543&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-19-100412-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCzYeAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT542&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SinghFenech2014p28-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SinghFenech2014p28_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPashaura_SinghLouis_E._Fenech2014" class="citation book cs1">Pashaura Singh; Louis E. 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Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">28–</span>29, <span class="nowrap">73–</span>76. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-969930-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-969930-8"><bdi>978-0-19-969930-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Sikh+Studies&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E28-%3C%2Fspan%3E29%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E73-%3C%2Fspan%3E76&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-19-969930-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8I0NAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarbans_Singh1992–1998" class="citation book cs1">Harbans Singh, ed. 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University of Chicago Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">78–</span>80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-61592-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-61592-9"><bdi>978-0-226-61592-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Construction+of+Religious+Boundaries%3A+Culture%2C+Identity%2C+and+Diversity+in+the+Sikh+Tradition&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E78-%3C%2Fspan%3E80&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-226-61592-9&rft.aulast=Oberoi&rft.aufirst=Harjot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1NKC9g2ayJEC%26pg%3DPA78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNL_1995-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DNL_1995_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNL_1995_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DNL_1995_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavid_N._Lorenzen1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_N._Lorenzen" class="mw-redirect" title="David N. Lorenzen">David N. Lorenzen</a> (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rpSxJg_ehnIC&pg=PA57"><i>Bhakti Religion in North India: Community Identity and Political Action</i></a>. SUNY Press. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-2025-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-2025-6"><bdi>978-0-7914-2025-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bhakti+Religion+in+North+India%3A+Community+Identity+and+Political+Action&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-2025-6&rft.au=David+N.+Lorenzen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrpSxJg_ehnIC%26pg%3DPA57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOberoi199478-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOberoi199478_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOberoi1994">Oberoi 1994</a>, p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarbans_Singh1992–1998" class="citation book cs1">Harbans Singh, ed. (1992–1998). <i>The encyclopaedia of Sikhism</i>. Vol. 2. Patiala: Punjabi University. pp. <span class="nowrap">144–</span>145. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8364-2883-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8364-2883-8"><bdi>0-8364-2883-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/29703420">29703420</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+encyclopaedia+of+Sikhism&rft.place=Patiala&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E144-%3C%2Fspan%3E145&rft.pub=Punjabi+University&rft.date=1992%2F1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F29703420&rft.isbn=0-8364-2883-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESinghFenech2014376-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinghFenech2014376_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSinghFenech2014">Singh & Fenech 2014</a>, p. 376.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JSG_1998-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JSG_1998_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JSG_1998_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJ._S._Grewal1998" class="citation book cs1">J. S. Grewal (1998). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sikhsofpunjab0000grew"><i>The Sikhs of the Punjab</i></a></span>. Cambridge University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sikhsofpunjab0000grew/page/116">116</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-63764-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-63764-0"><bdi>978-0-521-63764-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sikhs+of+the+Punjab&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-521-63764-0&rft.au=J.+S.+Grewal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsikhsofpunjab0000grew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFenech2021" class="citation book cs1">Fenech, Louis E. (2021-01-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nPYTEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA65"><i>The Cherished Five in Sikh History</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-753286-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-753286-7"><bdi>978-0-19-753286-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cherished+Five+in+Sikh+History&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2021-01-14&rft.isbn=978-0-19-753286-7&rft.aulast=Fenech&rft.aufirst=Louis+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnPYTEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJames_G._Lochtefeld2002" class="citation book cs1">James G. 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The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 61. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8239-3179-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8239-3179-8"><bdi>978-0-8239-3179-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism%3A+A-M&rft.pages=61&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-8239-3179-8&rft.au=James+G.+Lochtefeld&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5kl0DYIjUPgC%26pg%3DPA61&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTejaKumar2021" class="citation news cs1">Teja, Charanjit Singh; Kumar, Sunil (16 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/amritsar/dens-of-belief-akharas-of-amritsar-198715">"Dens of belief: Akharas of Amritsar"</a>. <i>The Tribune</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune&rft.atitle=Dens+of+belief%3A+Akharas+of+Amritsar&rft.date=2021-01-16&rft.aulast=Teja&rft.aufirst=Charanjit+Singh&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Sunil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2Fnews%2Famritsar%2Fdens-of-belief-akharas-of-amritsar-198715&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:8_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_19-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKalhoro2023" class="citation web cs1">Kalhoro, Zulfiqar Ali (2023-03-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefridaytimes.com/2023/03/04/temples-and-darbars-of-garhi-yasin/">"Temples And Darbars Of Garhi Yasin"</a>. <i>The Friday Times - Naya Daur</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Friday+Times+-+Naya+Daur&rft.atitle=Temples+And+Darbars+Of+Garhi+Yasin&rft.date=2023-03-04&rft.aulast=Kalhoro&rft.aufirst=Zulfiqar+Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefridaytimes.com%2F2023%2F03%2F04%2Ftemples-and-darbars-of-garhi-yasin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSingh2020" class="citation journal cs1">Singh, Bhupinder (October–December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sikhinstitute.org/oct_2020/8_bhupinder.html">"Nanakpanthis"</a>. <i>Abstracts of Sikh Studies</i>. <b>XXII</b> (4). Institute of Sikh Studies.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Sikh+Studies&rft.atitle=Nanakpanthis&rft.volume=XXII&rft.issue=4&rft.date=2020-10%2F2020-12&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Bhupinder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sikhinstitute.org%2Foct_2020%2F8_bhupinder.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKalraPurewal2019" class="citation book cs1">Kalra, Virinder S.; Purewal, Navtej K. (2019). <i>Beyond Religion in India and Pakistan: Gender and Caste, Borders and Boundaries</i>. Bloomsbury Studies in Religion, Gender, and Sexuality. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781350041769" title="Special:BookSources/9781350041769"><bdi>9781350041769</bdi></a>. <q>Some members of the Watu family, large landholders in the area, told of how their elders would visit the haveli of Bhuman Shah, which was a large Udaasi Akhara (though now in a state of ruin) again perhaps 40 kilometres from Daud Bandegi.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beyond+Religion+in+India+and+Pakistan%3A+Gender+and+Caste%2C+Borders+and+Boundaries&rft.series=Bloomsbury+Studies+in+Religion%2C+Gender%2C+and+Sexuality&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9781350041769&rft.aulast=Kalra&rft.aufirst=Virinder+S.&rft.au=Purewal%2C+Navtej+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSingh1995" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Singh, Harbans, ed. (1995). <i>The Encyclopaedia of Sikhism</i>. Vol. 1: A-D. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune&rft.atitle=Meet+the+family+that+has+been+making+musical+instruments+since+eight+generations&rft.date=2019-07-27&rft.aulast=Teja&rft.aufirst=Charanjit+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2Fnews%2Farchive%2Famritsar%2Fmeet-the-family-that-has-been-making-musical-instruments-since-eight-generations-809079&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:022-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:022_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSingh2019" class="citation journal cs1">Singh, Bhupinder (October–December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sikhinstitute.org/oc_2019/colbhupindersingh.html">"Genealogy of Guru Nanak"</a>. <i>Abstracts of Sikh Studies</i>. <b>21</b> (4). Institute of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Sikh+Studies&rft.atitle=Genealogy+of+Guru+Nanak&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.date=2019-10%2F2019-12&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Bhupinder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsikhinstitute.org%2Foc_2019%2Fcolbhupindersingh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKalhoro2013" class="citation web cs1">Kalhoro, Zulfiqar Ali (26 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sikhchic.com/history/the_sikhs_of_sindh">"The Sikhs of Sindh"</a>. <i>Originally published on The Friday Times, republished on SikhChic</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Originally+published+on+The+Friday+Times%2C+republished+on+SikhChic&rft.atitle=The+Sikhs+of+Sindh&rft.date=2013-05-26&rft.aulast=Kalhoro&rft.aufirst=Zulfiqar+Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsikhchic.com%2Fhistory%2Fthe_sikhs_of_sindh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSingh2017" class="citation web cs1">Singh, Inderjeet (2017-03-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sikhnet.com/news/sindhi-hindus-nanakpanthis-pakistan">"Sindhi Hindus & Nanakpanthis in Pakistan"</a>. <i>SikhNet</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SikhNet&rft.atitle=Sindhi+Hindus+%26+Nanakpanthis+in+Pakistan&rft.date=2017-03-24&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Inderjeet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sikhnet.com%2Fnews%2Fsindhi-hindus-nanakpanthis-pakistan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTakharJakobsh2023" class="citation book cs1">Takhar, Opinderjit Kaur; Jakobsh, Doris R. (2023). <i>Global Sikhs: Histories, Practices and Identities</i>. Routledge Critical Sikh Studies. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781000847352" title="Special:BookSources/9781000847352"><bdi>9781000847352</bdi></a>. <q>Unlike Sufi shrines, the Sindhi mandir has escaped academic attention in the tracing of pre-partition syncretic traditions partially because of the geographical boundaries of Sikh and Panjab studies. The history of Sikhism in Sindh and the appeal of particular forms of Sikhism among Sindhi mandir can provide a glimpse into the co-existence of Sikh and Hindu practices in the Sindhi mandir. It was Richard F. Burton who, in his book Sindh & the Races that Inhabit the Valley of the Indus (1851), "describes the curious mix of Hindu and Sikh practices among Sindhi Hindus". He observes that "they show a general tendency towards the faith of Nanak Shah, and that many castes have so intermingled the religion of the Sikhs with their original Hinduism, that we can scarcely discern the line of demarcation (1851)." The historical reason for the prevalence of these syncretic practices in Sindh was due to the Sindhis being introduced to Sikhism by the Udasi panth popularized by Guru Nanak's son Sri Chand whose followers are known as Nanakpanthi Sikhs in Sindh. Nanakpanth refers to Sikhs who follow the teachings of Guru Nanak without observing the five Ks prescribed for Khalsa Sikhs and do not find Hinduism as conflictual with Sikhism. Unlike Nanakpanthis who follow the rituals of Hinduism, performed idol worship and are Hindus except that they kept Guru Granth Sahib in their places of worship, new categories of sikhs in Sindh who describe themselves as Gursikhs claim to bow their heads only in front of the Guru Granth Sahib.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Global+Sikhs%3A+Histories%2C+Practices+and+Identities&rft.series=Routledge+Critical+Sikh+Studies&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=9781000847352&rft.aulast=Takhar&rft.aufirst=Opinderjit+Kaur&rft.au=Jakobsh%2C+Doris+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFalzon2022" class="citation book cs1">Falzon, M. A. (2022-07-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Mzh7EAAAQBAJ&dq=sindhi+guru+granth+sahib&pg=PT23"><i>Selling Anything Anywhere: Sindhis and Global Trade</i></a>. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-93-5492-578-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-93-5492-578-8"><bdi>978-93-5492-578-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Selling+Anything+Anywhere%3A+Sindhis+and+Global+Trade&rft.pub=Penguin+Random+House+India+Private+Limited&rft.date=2022-07-25&rft.isbn=978-93-5492-578-8&rft.aulast=Falzon&rft.aufirst=M.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMzh7EAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dsindhi%2Bguru%2Bgranth%2Bsahib%26pg%3DPT23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKalhoro2018" class="citation web cs1">Kalhoro, Zulfiqar Ali (21 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/38046277">"Mirs and Minorities"</a>. <i>Originally published on The Friday Times, republished on Academia.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Originally+published+on+The+Friday+Times%2C+republished+on+Academia.edu&rft.atitle=Mirs+and+Minorities&rft.date=2018-12-21&rft.aulast=Kalhoro&rft.aufirst=Zulfiqar+Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F38046277&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:13-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:13_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMemon2022" class="citation news cs1">Memon, Sarfaraz (26 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.com.pk/story/2363411/culture-and-hertiage">"Sindh's Sadh Belo Temple"</a>. <i>T-Magazine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=T-Magazine&rft.atitle=Sindh%27s+Sadh+Belo+Temple&rft.date=2022-06-26&rft.aulast=Memon&rft.aufirst=Sarfaraz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F2363411%2Fculture-and-hertiage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:03-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:03_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRasheed2017" class="citation web cs1">Rasheed, Shaikh Abdul (2017-09-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailytimes.com.pk/116400/sadh-belo-temple-the-most-frequented-religious-site/">"Sadh Belo Temple the most frequented religious site"</a>. <i>Daily Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Sadh+Belo+Temple+the+most+frequented+religious+site&rft.date=2017-09-18&rft.aulast=Rasheed&rft.aufirst=Shaikh+Abdul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailytimes.com.pk%2F116400%2Fsadh-belo-temple-the-most-frequented-religious-site%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto2_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/sadhu-bela-pakistans-temple-island-you-wont-forget-1.2177507">"Sadhu Bela: Pakistan's temple island you won't forget"</a>. <i>gulfnews.com</i>. 22 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gulfnews.com&rft.atitle=Sadhu+Bela%3A+Pakistan%27s+temple+island+you+won%27t+forget&rft.date=2018-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fpakistan%2Fsadhu-bela-pakistans-temple-island-you-wont-forget-1.2177507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto3-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto3_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJatt2018" class="citation web cs1">Jatt, Zahida Rehman (June 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1413676">"Sadh Belo temple: an abode of Udasipanth in Sindh"</a>. <i>dawn.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dawn.com&rft.atitle=Sadh+Belo+temple%3A+an+abode+of+Udasipanth+in+Sindh&rft.date=2018-06-12&rft.aulast=Jatt&rft.aufirst=Zahida+Rehman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1413676&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-banglapedia2-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-banglapedia2_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-banglapedia2_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNasrin_Akhter2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Nasrin Akhter (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Sikhs,_The">"Sikhs, The"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Sirajul_Islam" title="Sirajul Islam">Sirajul Islam</a>; Miah, Sajahan; <a href="/wiki/Mahfuza_Khanam" title="Mahfuza Khanam">Khanam, Mahfuza</a>; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Banglapedia" title="Banglapedia">Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh</a></i> (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Asiatic Society of Bangladesh">Asiatic Society of Bangladesh</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/984-32-0576-6" title="Special:BookSources/984-32-0576-6"><bdi>984-32-0576-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52727562">52727562</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL30677644M">30677644M</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sikhs%2C+The&rft.btitle=Banglapedia%3A+the+National+Encyclopedia+of+Bangladesh&rft.place=Dhaka%2C+Bangladesh&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Banglapedia+Trust%2C+Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52727562&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL30677644M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=984-32-0576-6&rft.au=Nasrin+Akhter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DSikhs%2C_The&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:222-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:222_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:222_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDhillon1988" class="citation book cs1">Dhillon, Dalbir Singh (1988). <i>Sikhism: Origin and Development</i>. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 137.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sikhism%3A+Origin+and+Development&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Atlantic+Publishers+%26+Distributors&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Dhillon&rft.aufirst=Dalbir+Singh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-banglapedia3-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-banglapedia3_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNasrin_Akhter2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Nasrin Akhter (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Sikhs,_The">"Sikhs, The"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Sirajul_Islam" title="Sirajul Islam">Sirajul Islam</a>; Miah, Sajahan; <a href="/wiki/Mahfuza_Khanam" title="Mahfuza Khanam">Khanam, Mahfuza</a>; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Banglapedia" title="Banglapedia">Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh</a></i> (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, <a href="/wiki/Asiatic_Society_of_Bangladesh" title="Asiatic Society of Bangladesh">Asiatic Society of Bangladesh</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/984-32-0576-6" title="Special:BookSources/984-32-0576-6"><bdi>984-32-0576-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52727562">52727562</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL30677644M">30677644M</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sikhs%2C+The&rft.btitle=Banglapedia%3A+the+National+Encyclopedia+of+Bangladesh&rft.place=Dhaka%2C+Bangladesh&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Banglapedia+Trust%2C+Asiatic+Society+of+Bangladesh&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52727562&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL30677644M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=984-32-0576-6&rft.au=Nasrin+Akhter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.banglapedia.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DSikhs%2C_The&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarbans_Singh1992–1998" class="citation book cs1">Harbans Singh, ed. (1992–1998). <i>The encyclopaedia of Sikhism</i>. Vol. 4. Patiala: Punjabi University. pp. <span class="nowrap">377–</span>379. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8364-2883-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8364-2883-8"><bdi>0-8364-2883-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/29703420">29703420</a>. <q>UDASI, an ascetical sect of the Sikhs founded by Sri Chand (1494-1629), the elder son of Guru Nanak.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+encyclopaedia+of+Sikhism&rft.place=Patiala&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E377-%3C%2Fspan%3E379&rft.pub=Punjabi+University&rft.date=1992%2F1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F29703420&rft.isbn=0-8364-2883-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKalhoro2021" class="citation web cs1">Kalhoro, Zulfiqar Ali (2021-02-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thefridaytimes.com/2021/02/19/samadhis-of-pothohar/">"Samadhis of Pothohar"</a>. <i>The Friday Times - Naya Daur</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-09</span></span>. <q>After the death of Baba Sri Chand, the guruship of the Udasipanth was transferred to Baba Gurditta and later to his four disciples Almast, Balu Hasne, Phul and Goinde – who preached the thought and ideology of their mentor in the Punjab and Sindh.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Friday+Times+-+Naya+Daur&rft.atitle=Samadhis+of+Pothohar&rft.date=2021-02-18&rft.aulast=Kalhoro&rft.aufirst=Zulfiqar+Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefridaytimes.com%2F2021%2F02%2F19%2Fsamadhis-of-pothohar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUdasi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udasi&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philtar.ac.uk/encyclopedia/sikhism/udas.html">Udasis</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sikhism645" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sikhism" title="Template:Sikhism"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#000">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sikhism" title="Template talk:Sikhism"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#000">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sikhism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sikhism"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#000">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sikhism645" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;font-weight:bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Sikhism" title="Glossary of Sikhism">Glossary</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Sikhism" title="History of Sikhism">History</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_gurus" title="Sikh gurus">Gurus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak" title="Guru Nanak">Guru Nanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Angad" title="Guru Angad">Guru Angad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Amar_Das" title="Guru Amar Das">Guru Amar Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Ram_Das" title="Guru Ram Das">Guru Ram Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Arjan" title="Guru Arjan">Guru Arjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Hargobind" title="Guru Hargobind">Guru Hargobind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Har_Rai" title="Guru Har Rai">Guru Har Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Har_Krishan" title="Guru Har Krishan">Guru Har Krishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Tegh_Bahadur" title="Guru Tegh Bahadur">Guru Tegh Bahadur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Gobind_Singh" title="Guru Gobind Singh">Guru Gobind Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Granth Sahib</a> (Sikh holy book)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh philosophy">Beliefs and principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Maneyo_Granth" title="Guru Maneyo Granth">Guru Maneyo Granth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Rehat_Maryada" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh Rehat Maryada">Sikh Rehat Maryada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_52_Hukams_of_Guru_Gobind_Singh" title="The 52 Hukams of Guru Gobind Singh">The 52 Hukams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prohibitions_in_Sikhism" title="Prohibitions in Sikhism">Prohibitions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_Sikhism" title="Cannabis and Sikhism">Cannabis and Sikhism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Sikhism" title="Diet in Sikhism">Diet in Sikhism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_practices" title="Category:Sikh practices">Practices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa" title="Khalsa">Khalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_practices" title="Sikh practices">Sikh practices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_rites" title="Sikh rites">Sikh rites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ard%C4%81s" title="Ardās">Ardās</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langar_(Sikhism)" title="Langar (Sikhism)">Langar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naam_Karan" title="Naam Karan">Naam Karan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anand_Karaj" title="Anand Karaj">Anand Karaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Sanchar" class="mw-redirect" title="Amrit Sanchar">Amrit Sanchar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Vel%C4%81" title="Amrit Velā">Amrit Velā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antam_Sanskar" title="Antam Sanskar">Antam Sanskar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_pillars_of_Sikhism" title="Three pillars of Sikhism">Three Pillars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirat_Karo" title="Kirat Karo">Kirat Karo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naam_Japo" title="Naam Japo">Naam Japo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vand_Chhako" title="Vand Chhako">Vand Chhako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Five_Ks" class="mw-redirect" title="The Five Ks">The Five Ks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simran" title="Simran">Simran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seva_(Indian_religions)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seva (Indian religions)">Sewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charhdi_Kala" class="mw-redirect" title="Charhdi Kala">Charhdi Kala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasvand" class="mw-redirect" title="Dasvand">Dasvand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhatka" title="Jhatka">Jhatka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_scripture" title="Category:Sikh scripture">Scripture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Granth Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasam_Granth" title="Dasam Granth">Dasam Granth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarbloh_Granth" title="Sarbloh Granth">Sarbloh Granth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurbani" title="Gurbani">Gurbani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mul_Mantar" title="Mul Mantar">Mul Mantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japji_Sahib" title="Japji Sahib">Japji Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaupai_(Sikhism)" title="Chaupai (Sikhism)">Chaupai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaap_Sahib" title="Jaap Sahib">Jaap Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehras" title="Rehras">Rehras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhmani_Sahib" title="Sukhmani Sahib">Sukhmani Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tav-Prasad_Savaiye" class="mw-redirect" title="Tav-Prasad Savaiye">Tav-Prasad Savaiye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_architecture" title="Sikh architecture">Architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gurdwara" title="Gurdwara">Gurdwara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Temple" title="Golden Temple">Harmandir Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurdwara_Janam_Asthan" title="Gurdwara Janam Asthan">Janam Asthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurdwara_Darbar_Sahib_Kartarpur" title="Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur">Darbar Sahib Kartarpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras" title="List of gurdwaras">List</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#Africa" title="List of gurdwaras">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#Asia" title="List of gurdwaras">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#Europe" title="List of gurdwaras">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#North_America" title="List of gurdwaras">North America</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahadurgarh_Fort" title="Bahadurgarh Fort">Bahadurgarh Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fateh_Burj" title="Fateh Burj">Fateh Burj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazuri_Bagh_Baradari" title="Hazuri Bagh Baradari">Hazuri Bagh Baradari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesgarh_Qila" class="mw-redirect" title="Kesgarh Qila">Kesgarh Qila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanda_museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Khanda museum">Khanda museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moti_Bagh_Palace" title="Moti Bagh Palace">Moti Bagh Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanak_Shahi_bricks" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanak Shahi bricks">Nanak Shahi bricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pul_Kanjri" title="Pul Kanjri">Pul Kanjri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qila_Mubarak,_Patiala" title="Qila Mubarak, Patiala">Qila Mubarak, Patiala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramgarhia_Bunga" title="Ramgarhia Bunga">Ramgarhia Bunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samadhi_of_Ranjit_Singh" title="Samadhi of Ranjit Singh">Samadhi of Ranjit Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_of_Dina_Nath" title="Well of Dina Nath">Well of Dina Nath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_by_country" title="Sikhism by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_diaspora" title="Sikh diaspora">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Afghanistan" title="Sikhism in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Australia" title="Sikhism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Austria" title="Sikhism in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Bangladesh" title="Sikhism in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Belgium" title="Sikhism in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Canada" title="Sikhism in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Greater_Vancouver" title="Sikhism in Greater Vancouver">Vancouver</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_China" title="Sikhism in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Denmark" title="Sikhism in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Fiji" title="Sikhism in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Finland" title="Sikhism in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_France" title="Sikhism in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Germany" title="Sikhism in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Greece" title="Sikhism in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_India" title="Sikhism in India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Sikhism in Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochin_Sikhs" title="Cochin Sikhs">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Punjab,_India#Sikhism_in_Punjab" title="Demographics of Punjab, India">Punjab</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Indonesia" title="Sikhism in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Iran" title="Sikhism in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Iraq" title="Sikhism in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Italy" title="Sikhism in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Japan" title="Sikhism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Malaysia" title="Sikhism in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Nepal" title="Sikhism in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Sikhism in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_New_Zealand" title="Sikhism in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikhism in Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Norway" title="Sikhism in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Pakistan" title="Sikhism in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Panama" title="Sikhism in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Poland" title="Sikhism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Singapore" title="Sikhism in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_South_Africa" title="Sikhism in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_South_Korea" title="Sikhism in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Sweden" title="Sikhism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Switzerland" title="Sikhism in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Thailand" title="Sikhism in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Sikhism in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Sikhism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_England" title="Sikhism in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Scotland" title="Sikhism in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Wales" title="Sikhism in Wales">Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Sikhism in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_States" title="Sikhism in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhs_in_the_United_States_military" title="Sikhs in the United States military">U.S. Military</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Groups, sects<br />and communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism" title="Sects of Sikhism">Sects of Sikhism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa" title="Khalsa">Khalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mina_(Sikhism)" title="Mina (Sikhism)">Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdhari" title="Namdhari">Namdhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanakpanthi" title="Nanakpanthi">Nanakpanthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihang" title="Nihang">Nihang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirankari" title="Nirankari">Nirankari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewapanthi" title="Sewapanthi">Sewapanthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmala_(sect)" title="Nirmala (sect)">Nirmala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramraiya" title="Ramraiya">Ramraiya</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Udasi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhabi_Sikh" title="Mazhabi Sikh">Mazhabi Sikh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piara_Singh_Bhaniara" title="Piara Singh Bhaniara">Piara Singh Bhaniara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrahari_Sikh" title="Agrahari Sikh">Agrahari Sikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatha" title="Jatha">Jatha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Damdami_Taksal" title="Damdami Taksal">Damdami Taksal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhand_Kirtani_Jatha" title="Akhand Kirtani Jatha">Akhand Kirtani Jatha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singh_Sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Singh Sabha">Singh Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Sant_Mat_movements" title="Contemporary Sant Mat movements">Contemporary Sant Mat movements</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3HO" title="3HO">3HO</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sikh_Empire" title="Template:Sikh Empire"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#000">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sikh_Empire" title="Template talk:Sikh Empire"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#000">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sikh_Empire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sikh Empire"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#000">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sikh_Empire132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Rulers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranjit_Singh" title="Ranjit Singh">Ranjit Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharak_Singh" title="Kharak Singh">Kharak Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nau_Nihal_Singh" title="Nau Nihal Singh">Nau Nihal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chand_Kaur" title="Chand Kaur">Chand Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sher_Singh" title="Sher Singh">Sher Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jind_Kaur" title="Jind Kaur">Jind Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duleep_Singh" title="Duleep Singh">Duleep Singh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Military<br />conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Mughal-Sikh Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bhangani" title="Battle of Bhangani">Battle of Bhangani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nadaun" title="Battle of Nadaun">Nadaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Basoli" title="Battle of Basoli">Basoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Anandpur" class="mw-redirect" title="First Battle of Anandpur">1st Anandpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Anandpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Battle of Anandpur">2nd Anandpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chamkaur_(1704)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Chamkaur (1704)">Chamkaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarsa" title="Battle of Sarsa">Sarsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Muktsar" title="Battle of Muktsar">Muktsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sonepat" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Sonepat">Sonepat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Samana" title="Battle of Samana">Samana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sirhind" title="Siege of Sirhind">Sirhind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sadhaura" title="Battle of Sadhaura">Sadhaura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chappar_Chiri" title="Battle of Chappar Chiri">Chappar Chiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rahon_(1710)" title="Battle of Rahon (1710)">Rahon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lohgarh" title="Battle of Lohgarh">Lohgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jalalabad_(1710)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Jalalabad (1710)">Jalalabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jammu" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Jammu">Jammu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gurdas_Nangal" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Gurdas Nangal">Gurdas Nangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Delhi_(1783)" title="Battle of Delhi (1783)">Delhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afghan%E2%80%93Sikh_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan–Sikh wars">Afghan–Sikh wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Attock" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Attock">Battle of Attock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Multan" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Multan">Battle of Multan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shopian" title="Battle of Shopian">Battle of Shopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nowshera" title="Battle of Nowshera">Battle of Nowshera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Peshawar_(1834)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Peshawar (1834)">Battle of Peshawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jamrud" title="Battle of Jamrud">Battle of Jamrud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Sikh_War" title="First Anglo-Sikh War">First Anglo-Sikh War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mudki" title="Battle of Mudki">Battle of Mudki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ferozeshah" title="Battle of Ferozeshah">Battle of Ferozeshah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aliwal" title="Battle of Aliwal">Battle of Aliwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sobraon" title="Battle of Sobraon">Battle of Sobraon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War" title="Second Anglo-Sikh War">Second Anglo-Sikh War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ramnagar" title="Battle of Ramnagar">Battle of Ramnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chillianwala" title="Battle of Chillianwala">Battle of Chillianwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Multan_(1848%E2%80%931849)" title="Siege of Multan (1848–1849)">Siege of Multan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gujrat" title="Battle of Gujrat">Battle of Gujrat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepal–Sikh War">Nepal–Sikh War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dogra%E2%80%93Tibetan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Dogra–Tibetan War">Sino-Sikh war</a>, Katoch–Sikh War, Hill States–Sikh Wars, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panchayati_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panchayati Revolution (page does not exist)">Panchayati Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_battles_involving_the_Sikh_Empire" title="List of battles involving the Sikh Empire">List of battles involving the Sikh Empire</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Military forces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Khalsa_Army" title="Sikh Khalsa Army">Sikh Khalsa Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauj-i-Khas" title="Fauj-i-Khas">Fauj-i-Khas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauj-i-Ain" title="Fauj-i-Ain">Fauj-i-Ain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampu-i-mu%27alla" title="Kampu-i-mu'alla">Kampu-i-mu'alla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Adversaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durrani_Empire" title="Durrani Empire">Durrani Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Afghanistan" title="Emirate of Afghanistan">Emirate of Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">British East India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Kingdom of Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_States_of_India" title="Hill States of India">Hill States Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mankera" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Mankera">Kingdom of Mankera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namgyal_dynasty_of_Ladakh" title="Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh">Namgyal dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barakzai_dynasty" title="Barakzai dynasty">Barakzai dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudhan" title="Sudhan">Sudhans</a> of Poonch</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maqpon_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Maqpon Dynasty">Maqpon Dynasty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamrud_Fort" title="Jamrud Fort">Jamrud Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multan_Fort" title="Multan Fort">Multan Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harkishangarh" class="mw-redirect" title="Harkishangarh">Harkishangarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Fort" title="Lahore Fort">Lahore Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorawar_Fort" title="Zorawar Fort">Zorawar Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahu_Fort" title="Bahu Fort">Bahu Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobindgarh_Fort" title="Gobindgarh Fort">Gobindgarh Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillaur_Fort" title="Phillaur Fort">Phillaur Fort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Officials and warriors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Natives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhian_Singh" title="Dhian Singh">Dhian Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Dina_Nath" title="Diwan Dina Nath">Diwan Dina Nath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Bhawani_Das" title="Diwan Bhawani Das">Diwan Bhawani Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Buta_Singh" title="Diwan Buta Singh">Diwan Buta Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratap_Singh_(Sikh_prince)" title="Pratap Singh (Sikh prince)">Pratap Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misr_Diwan_Chand" title="Misr Diwan Chand">Misr Diwan Chand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Mulraj_Chopra" title="Diwan Mulraj Chopra">Diwan Mulraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Singh_Nalwa" title="Hari Singh Nalwa">Hari Singh Nalwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahan_Singh_Mirpuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahan Singh Mirpuri">Mahan Singh Mirpuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewan_Mokham_Chand" title="Dewan Mokham Chand">Dewan Mokham Chand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khushal_Singh_Jamadar" title="Khushal Singh Jamadar">Khushal Singh Jamadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorawar_Singh_(Dogra_general)" title="Zorawar Singh (Dogra general)">Zorawar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tej_Singh" title="Tej Singh">Tej Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Singh" title="Lal Singh">Lal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulab_Singh" title="Gulab Singh">Gulab Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balbhadra_Kunwar" title="Balbhadra Kunwar">Balbhadra Kunwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawahar_Singh_(wazir)" title="Jawahar Singh (wazir)">Jawahar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehta_Basti_Ram" title="Mehta Basti Ram">Mehta Basti Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sham_Singh_Attariwalla" class="mw-redirect" title="Sham Singh Attariwalla">Sham Singh Attariwalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sher_Singh_Attariwalla" title="Sher Singh Attariwalla">Sher Singh Attariwalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chattar_Singh_Attariwalla" title="Chattar Singh Attariwalla">Chattar Singh Attariwalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desa_Singh_Majithia" title="Desa Singh Majithia">Desa Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Singh_Majithia" title="Amar Singh Majithia">Amar Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehna_Singh_Majithia" title="Lehna Singh Majithia">Lehna Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranjodh_Singh_Majithia" title="Ranjodh Singh Majithia">Ranjodh Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Singh" title="Surat Singh">Surat Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_Singh_Ramgarhia" title="Mangal Singh Ramgarhia">Mangal Singh Ramgarhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akali_Phula_Singh" title="Akali Phula Singh">Akali Phula Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandu_Lal" title="Chandu Lal">Chandu Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajit_Singh_Sandhawalia" title="Ajit Singh Sandhawalia">Ajit Singh Sandhawalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahan_Singh_Nakai" title="Kahan Singh Nakai">Kahan Singh Nakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangat_Singh_Saini" title="Sangat Singh Saini">Sangat Singh Saini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardar_Hukma_Singh" title="Sardar Hukma Singh">Hukma Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veer_Singh_Dhillon" title="Veer Singh Dhillon">Veer Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarnail_Ghaus_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Jarnail Ghaus Khan">Jarnail Ghaus Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilahi_Bakhsh" title="Ilahi Bakhsh">Ilahi Bakhsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakir_Azizuddin" title="Fakir Azizuddin">Fakir Azizuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Mahmud_Khan" title="Sultan Mahmud Khan">Sultan Mahmud Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_Fateh_Khan_Tiwana" title="Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana">Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_Lal_Suri" title="Sohan Lal Suri">Sohan Lal Suri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moti_Ram" title="Moti Ram">Moti Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Ram_Dayal" title="Diwan Ram Dayal">Diwan Ram Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Kirpa_Ram" title="Diwan Kirpa Ram">Diwan Kirpa Ram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_officials_of_the_Sikh_Empire" title="Foreign officials of the Sikh Empire">Foreigners</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Allard" title="Jean-François Allard">Jean-François Allard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Ventura" title="Jean-Baptiste Ventura">Jean-Baptiste Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Auguste_Court" title="Claude Auguste Court">Claude Auguste Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Henri_Mouton" title="François Henri Mouton">François Henri Mouton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gardner_(soldier)" title="Alexander Gardner (soldier)">Alexander Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Avitabile" title="Paolo Avitabile">Paolo Avitabile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Harlan" title="Josiah Harlan">Josiah Harlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Martin_Honigberger" title="Johann Martin Honigberger">Johann Martin Honigberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lawrence_(Indian_Army_officer)" title="Henry Lawrence (Indian Army officer)">Henry Lawrence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Influential families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandhawalia" title="Sandhawalia">Sandhawalia family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majithia_family" title="Majithia family">Majithia family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiwana_family_of_Shahpur" title="Tiwana family of Shahpur">Tiwana family</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amritsar_(1809)" title="Treaty of Amritsar (1809)">Treaty of Amritsar (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Treaty_(1838)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tripartite Treaty (1838)">Tripartite Treaty (1838)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Chushul" title="Treaty of Chushul">Treaty of Chushul (1842)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lahore" title="Treaty of Lahore">Treaty of Lahore (1846)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amritsar_(1846)" title="Treaty of Amritsar (1846)">Treaty of Amritsar (1846)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa_Darbar_records" title="Khalsa Darbar records">Khalsa Darbar records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_festivals" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh festivals">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandi_Chhor_Divas" title="Bandi Chhor Divas">Bandi Chhor Divas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hola_Mohalla" title="Hola Mohalla">Hola Mohalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghi" title="Maghi">Maghi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mela_Maghi" title="Mela Maghi">Mela Maghi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisakhi" title="Vaisakhi">Vaisakhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_culture" title="Sikh culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_art" title="Sikh art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_music" title="Sikh music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_Sikhism" title="Category:Films about Sikhism">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_literature" title="Category:Sikh literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_music" title="Category:Sikh music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_names" title="Sikh names">Names</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikhism" title="Category:Sikhism">Other topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sikhism" title="History of Sikhism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ik_Onkar" title="Ik Onkar">Ik Onkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waheguru" title="Waheguru">Waheguru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanda_(Sikh_symbol)" title="Khanda (Sikh symbol)">Khanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panj_Pyare" title="Panj Pyare">Panj Pyare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_places" title="Category:Sikh places">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_politics" title="Category:Sikh politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhs_in_the_British_Indian_Army" title="Sikhs in the British Indian Army">Sikhs in the British Indian Army</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Sikh_Regiment" title="11th Sikh Regiment">11th Sikh Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Regiment" title="Sikh Regiment">Sikh Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Light_Infantry" title="Sikh Light Infantry">Sikh Light Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fariduddin_Ganjshakar" class="mw-redirect" title="Fariduddin Ganjshakar">Fariduddin Ganjshakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardar" title="Sardar">Sardar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dastar" title="Dastar">Dastar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharamyudh_(Sikhism)" title="Dharamyudh (Sikhism)">Dharamyudh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_Sikhism" title="Islam and Sikhism">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Sikhism" title="Jainism and Sikhism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism" title="Hinduism and Sikhism">Hinduism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rama_in_Sikhism" title="Rama in Sikhism">Rama</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikhs" title="Category:Sikhs">Sikhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidassia" title="Ravidassia">Ravidassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Sikhism" title="Women in Sikhism">Women in Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_and_sexual_orientation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikhism and sexual orientation">Sikhism and sexual orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_Sikhism" title="Category:Fiction about Sikhism">In Fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idolatry_in_Sikhism" title="Idolatry in Sikhism">Idolatry in Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Sikhism" title="Criticism of Sikhism">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Punjab" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Punjab">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabis" title="Punjabis">Punjabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi language</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gurmukhi_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhi script">Gurmukhī</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_trees_in_Sikhism" title="Sacred trees in Sikhism">Sacred trees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panj_Takht" title="Panj Takht">Takht</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akal_Takht" title="Akal Takht">Akal Takht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Sri_Damdama_Sahib" title="Takht Sri Damdama Sahib">Damdama Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Kesgarh_Sahib" title="Takht Kesgarh Sahib">Kesgarh Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazur_Sahib_Nanded" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazur Sahib Nanded">Hazur Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Sri_Patna_Sahib" title="Takht Sri Patna Sahib">Patna Sahib</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC600; color:#000;;font-weight:bold;"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/20px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/40px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Sikhism" title="Outline of Sikhism">Outline</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sikhism" title="Category:Sikhism">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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