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src="/_next/image?url=%2Fandroid-chrome-192x192.png&w=3840&q=75"/></div><small>by KADI TOURE</small></div><hr class="my-4"/><div class="flex flex-col items-center gap-2"><a href="/opinion/star-blogs"><small class="text-business">Star-blogs</small></a><small class="text-wrap text-center">23 November 2024 - 13:12</small></div></div><div class="sticky top-28"><div class="flex md:flex-col justify-center items-center left-4 gap-3 pt-6"><a class="text-white bg-business rounded-full p-3" href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=TOURE%3A%20Why%20ending%20GBV%20is%20essential%20for%20Global%20Health%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-star.co.ke%2Fopinion%2Fstar-blogs%2F2024-11-23-toure-why-ending-gbv-is-essential-for-global-health"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M380.9 97.1C339 55.1 283.2 32 223.9 32c-122.4 0-222 99.6-222 222 0 39.1 10.2 77.3 29.6 111L0 480l117.7-30.9c32.4 17.7 68.9 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112a16 16 0 0 1-19.64 0l-144-112a16 16 0 1 1 19.64-25.26L256 251.73l134.18-104.36a16 16 0 0 1 19.64 25.26z"></path></svg></a></div><div class="bg-zinc-50 flex flex-col justify-center items-center pt-1 in-article-ad my-4 max-xl:hidden"><span class="text-zinc-500 font-sans text-xs font-medium">ADVERTISEMENT</span><div style="min-width:300px;min-height:250px" id="div-gpt-ad-LeftSquarePanel1"></div></div></div></div><div class=" md:pb-8"><div class="border-b pb-2"><p class="font-sans"><b>In Summary</b></p><hr class="mb-2"/><div class="article-summary px-4"><div><ul><li>Every year 287,000 women die while giving birth and 4.9 million children under five lose their lives</li><li>Nearly half of these deaths—2.3 million—happen in the first month of life.</li></ul></div></div></div><div class="story-content overflow-hidden" data-io-article-url="https://www.the-star.co.ke/opinion/star-blogs/2024-11-23-toure-why-ending-gbv-is-essential-for-global-health"><div><p><figure style="margin: 10px 0px;"><img src="https://cms.eu-central-1.linodeobjects.com/image/2024/11/615fcfbb-d611-41c4-9b24-b0a2e9d9e409.jpeg" style="max-width: 100%;"></figure><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(73, 80, 87); font-family: Roboto, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><i style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </i></b><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(73, 80, 87); font-family: Roboto, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><i style="box-sizing: border-box;">Kadi Toure is the Communications Lead at the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health /HANDOUT</i></b><figure style="margin: 10px 0px;"><figcaption contenteditable="true" class="caption " style="text-align: center;"></figcaption></figure></p><p><br></p><p><b>How does gender-based violence specifically impact maternal, newborn, and child health outcomes?</b></p><p><span>Every year 287,000 women die while giving birth and 4.9 million children under five lose their lives, with nearly half of these deaths—2.3 million—happening in the first month of life. </span></p><p><span>Sub-Saharan Africa faces the biggest challenges, accounting for nearly 70% of maternal deaths and half of child deaths globally. </span></p><p><span>Most of these deaths are preventable with access to timely and quality healthcare and by addressing underlying social determinants of health. However, gender-based violence (GBV) adds another layer of risk.<span> </span></span><br></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;"><b>Why is it crucial to address this link in global health efforts?</b></span></p><p>Women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) are more likely to suffer from complications during pregnancy. The violence and related stress have been proven to drive preterm labour and low birth weight in newborns. For instance, the WHO estimates that IPV affects 1 in 3 women globally, and these women face a 16% higher risk of delivering low-birth-weight babies.</p><p><b>What does GBV do?</b></p><p> Gender based violence also increases maternal mortality by exacerbating existing challenges around timely access to quality care by preventing women to access prenatal care and increasing the risk of unsafe deliveries. Addressing the link between GBV and maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) is crucial because maternal health is interconnected with newborn and child survival.</p><p><b>Why do you think gender-based violence remains under-prioritized in maternal and child health policies?</b></p><p> GBV is under-prioritized due to the normalization of violence and deeply rooted stigma, inadequate data, and a lack of gender-sensitive policies in the health sector. Cultural taboos, victim blaming, fear of retaliation among others mean that many women do not disclose their experiences of violence, resulting in a perception that the issue is not as prevalent or impactful as it truly is. </p><p>This contributes to inadequate data on this issue – which is central to shaping health policies.</p><p> Additionally, many health policies focus narrowly on clinical care, sidelining the broader social determinants of health, such as violence and gender inequality which have a huge impact on demand for services. Despite the recognition of violence against women as a significant public health issue, investment in prevention and services for survivors remains inadequate. </p><p><b>16 Days of Activism against GBV</b></p><p>Advocacy campaigns like the 16 Days of Activism are vital for raising awareness, shifting societal norms, and catalyzing action on GBV. These campaigns bring sustained attention to the issue, highlighting the pervasive nature of violence against women and its consequences on health. It is through campaigns like these that we can start to normalize the conversation and begin to drive change. </p><p><b>What role do advocacy campaigns play in driving awareness and action on this issue?</b></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;">These campaigns plant a seed of change in the general public. Global movements like #MeToo have driven great attention to these issues, leading not only to policy commitments but to visible changes in the application of these policies and to the shifting of gender norms within certain industries. Advocacy not only drives awareness but also empowers survivors to seek help and hold perpetrators accountable.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;"><b>What are some strategies that governments and health organizations can implement to address violence?</b></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;">Health facilities should implement routine GBV screening during antenatal visits, coupled with comprehensive training for healthcare providers to identify and support survivors.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;">Strengthening health systems will also help address VAW through protocols, capacity building, and effective coordination between agencies is essential. Successful examples include Rwanda’s Isange One-Stop Centers, which have served many survivors since their inception.</span></p><p><b>What other strategies should countries embrace?</b></p><p>Education and Economic Empowerment Programs provide women with education and financial independence through vocational training.</p><p> Microloans can reduce dependence on abusive partners and improve health outcomes. </p><p>Governments should also invest in robust data collection systems and research to track GBV and its impact on MNCH, enabling evidence-based policymaking. <br></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;"><b>How can communities and local organizations be empowered to combat GBV?</b></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;">Communities and local organizations are critical to driving change. To empower communities, we need to take a bottom-up approach that builds on local knowledge, culture, and networks.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;"> We must educate and raise awareness through community workshops and school-based programs that address harmful gender norms and promote respectful relationships.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;"><b>What should Men, Boys and NGO's do?</b></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;">We need to engage Men and Boys through programs that involve men in conversations about gender equality, and challenging patriarchal norms that perpetuate GBV. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;">We must strengthen Local NGOs: Grassroots organizations often have the trust of communities and are well-positioned to provide survivor support yet are often underfunded. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;">Governments and donors should fund these organizations and build their capacity.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;"><b>What should policymakers, healthcare providers and international organisations do?</b></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;"> They should enforce and fund GBV laws, ensuring survivors have access to justice, shelter, and healthcare, Integrate GBV into national health strategies, and allocate budgets for GBV prevention and response programs, focusing on rural and underserved populations. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: 0.875rem;">Others include standardising GBV screening in maternal health services and establishing referral pathways for survivors, training staff in trauma-informed care, ensuring sensitive and effective support for survivors, scaling funding for GBV programs, particularly in LMICs, to bridge resource gaps</span></p><p><br></p><p><b><i>Kadi Toure is the Communications Lead at the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (PMNCH), the world’s largest alliance for women’s, children’s and adolescent health and well-being, hosted by the World Health Organization, based in Geneva</i></b><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p> <br></p></div></div><h3>Related Articles</h3><div class="pb-4 last:pb-0"><article class="flex group"><a class="relative block aspect-[3/2] md:aspect-video h-20 mr-4 self-top" href="/counties/eastern/2024-11-22-inaction-from-actors-fuelling-gbv-in-meru-report"><img alt="Inaction from actors fuelling GBV in Meru - report" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="object-cover" style="position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;color:transparent" sizes="(max-width: 425px) 30vw, (max-width: 768px) 40vw,20vw" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.eu-central-1.linodeobjects.com%2Fimage%2F2024%2F11%2F3b7896d2-b0a1-4854-a78e-79ece8e26618.JPG&w=256&q=75 256w, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.eu-central-1.linodeobjects.com%2Fimage%2F2024%2F11%2F3b7896d2-b0a1-4854-a78e-79ece8e26618.JPG&w=384&q=75 384w, 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style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https://cms.eu-central-1.linodeobjects.com/image/2024/11/615fcfbb-d611-41c4-9b24-b0a2e9d9e409.jpeg\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\"\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cb style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(73, 80, 87); font-family: Roboto, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, \u0026quot;Helvetica Neue\u0026quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"\u003e\u003ci style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cb style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(73, 80, 87); font-family: Roboto, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, \u0026quot;Helvetica Neue\u0026quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"\u003e\u003ci style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eKadi Toure is the Communications Lead at the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health /HANDOUT\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003cfigure style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\"\u003e\u003cfigcaption contenteditable=\"true\" class=\"caption \" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow does gender-based violence specifically impact maternal, newborn, and\r\nchild health outcomes?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEvery year 287,000 women die while giving birth and 4.9 million children under five lose their lives, with nearly half of these deaths—2.3 million—happening in the first month of life. \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSub-Saharan Africa faces the biggest challenges, accounting for nearly 70% of maternal deaths and half of child deaths globally. \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMost of these deaths are preventable with access to timely and quality healthcare and by addressing underlying social determinants of health. However, gender-based violence (GBV) adds another layer of risk.\u003cspan\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhy is it crucial to address this link in global health\r\nefforts?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWomen experiencing\r\nintimate partner violence (IPV) are more likely to suffer from complications during\r\npregnancy.\r\nThe violence and related stress have been proven to drive preterm labour and low birth\r\nweight in newborns. For instance, the WHO estimates that IPV affects 1 in 3 women\r\nglobally, and these women face a 16% higher risk of delivering low-birth-weight babies.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat does GBV do?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\r\nGender based violence also increases maternal mortality by exacerbating existing\r\nchallenges around timely access to quality care by preventing women to access\r\nprenatal care and increasing the risk of unsafe deliveries.\r\nAddressing the link between GBV and maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) is\r\ncrucial because maternal health is interconnected with newborn and child survival.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhy do you think gender-based violence\r\nremains under-prioritized in maternal and child health policies?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\r\nGBV is under-prioritized due to the normalization of violence and deeply rooted stigma,\r\ninadequate data, and a lack of gender-sensitive policies in the health sector. Cultural\r\ntaboos, victim blaming, fear of retaliation among others mean that many women do\r\nnot disclose their experiences of violence, resulting in a perception that the issue is not\r\nas prevalent or impactful as it truly is. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis contributes to inadequate data on this issue\r\n– which is central to shaping health policies.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\r\nAdditionally, many health policies focus narrowly on clinical care, sidelining the broader\r\nsocial determinants of health, such as violence and gender inequality which have a\r\nhuge impact on demand for services. Despite the recognition of violence against\r\nwomen as a significant public health issue, investment in prevention and services for\r\nsurvivors remains inadequate.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Days of Activism against GBV\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAdvocacy campaigns like the 16 Days of Activism are vital for raising awareness, shifting\r\nsocietal norms, and catalyzing action on GBV. These campaigns bring sustained\r\nattention to the issue, highlighting the pervasive nature of violence against women and\r\nits consequences on health. It is through campaigns like these that we can start to\r\nnormalize the conversation and begin to drive change.\r\n\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat role do advocacy campaigns play in driving awareness and action on this issue?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eThese campaigns plant a seed of change in the general public. Global movements like\r\n#MeToo have driven great attention to these issues, leading not only to policy\r\ncommitments but to visible changes in the application of these policies and to the\r\nshifting of gender norms within certain industries. Advocacy not only drives awareness\r\nbut also empowers survivors to seek help and hold perpetrators accountable.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat are some strategies that governments and health\r\norganizations can implement to address violence?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eHealth facilities should implement routine GBV screening\r\nduring antenatal visits, coupled with comprehensive training for healthcare providers to\r\nidentify and support survivors.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eStrengthening health systems will also help address VAW through\r\nprotocols, capacity building, and effective coordination between agencies is essential. Successful examples include\r\nRwanda’s Isange One-Stop Centers, which have served many survivors since their\r\ninception.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat other strategies should countries embrace?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEducation and Economic Empowerment Programs provide women with education\r\nand financial independence through vocational training.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e Microloans can reduce\r\ndependence on abusive partners and improve health outcomes. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGovernments should also invest in robust data\r\ncollection systems and research to track GBV and its impact on MNCH, enabling\r\nevidence-based policymaking.\r\n\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow can communities and local organizations be empowered to combat GBV?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eCommunities and local organizations are critical to driving change. To empower\r\ncommunities, we need to take a bottom-up approach that builds on local knowledge,\r\nculture, and networks.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e We must educate and raise awareness through community\r\nworkshops and school-based programs that address harmful gender norms and\r\npromote respectful relationships.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat should Men, Boys and NGO's do?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eWe need to engage Men and Boys through programs that involve men in conversations\r\nabout gender equality, and challenging patriarchal norms that perpetuate GBV.\r\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eWe must strengthen Local NGOs: Grassroots organizations often have the trust of\r\ncommunities and are well-positioned to provide survivor support yet are often\r\nunderfunded. \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eGovernments and donors should fund these organizations and build their\r\ncapacity.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat should policymakers, healthcare providers and international organisations do?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e They should enforce and fund GBV laws, ensuring survivors have access to justice, shelter, and\r\nhealthcare, Integrate GBV into national health strategies, and allocate budgets for GBV\r\nprevention and response programs, focusing on rural and underserved populations.\r\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eOthers include standardising GBV screening in maternal health services and establishing\r\nreferral pathways for survivors, training staff in trauma-informed care, ensuring sensitive\r\nand effective support for survivors, scaling funding for GBV programs, particularly in\r\nLMICs, to bridge resource gaps\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eKadi Toure is the Communications Lead at the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and\r\nChild Health (PMNCH), the world’s largest alliance for women’s, children’s and\r\nadolescent health and well-being, hosted by the World Health Organization, based in\r\nGeneva\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\r\n\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"91:T23f2,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003e\u003cfigure style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https://cms.eu-central-1.linodeobjects.com/image/2024/11/615fcfbb-d611-41c4-9b24-b0a2e9d9e409.jpeg\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\"\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cb style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(73, 80, 87); font-family: Roboto, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, \u0026quot;Helvetica Neue\u0026quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"\u003e\u003ci style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cb style=\"box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; color: rgb(73, 80, 87); font-family: Roboto, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \u0026quot;Segoe UI\u0026quot;, \u0026quot;Helvetica Neue\u0026quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"\u003e\u003ci style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"\u003eKadi Toure is the Communications Lead at the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health /HANDOUT\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003cfigure style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\"\u003e\u003cfigcaption contenteditable=\"true\" class=\"caption \" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow does gender-based violence specifically impact maternal, newborn, and\r\nchild health outcomes?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEvery year 287,000 women die while giving birth and 4.9 million children under five lose their lives, with nearly half of these deaths—2.3 million—happening in the first month of life. \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSub-Saharan Africa faces the biggest challenges, accounting for nearly 70% of maternal deaths and half of child deaths globally. \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMost of these deaths are preventable with access to timely and quality healthcare and by addressing underlying social determinants of health. However, gender-based violence (GBV) adds another layer of risk.\u003cspan\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhy is it crucial to address this link in global health\r\nefforts?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWomen experiencing\r\nintimate partner violence (IPV) are more likely to suffer from complications during\r\npregnancy.\r\nThe violence and related stress have been proven to drive preterm labour and low birth\r\nweight in newborns. For instance, the WHO estimates that IPV affects 1 in 3 women\r\nglobally, and these women face a 16% higher risk of delivering low-birth-weight babies.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat does GBV do?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\r\nGender based violence also increases maternal mortality by exacerbating existing\r\nchallenges around timely access to quality care by preventing women to access\r\nprenatal care and increasing the risk of unsafe deliveries.\r\nAddressing the link between GBV and maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) is\r\ncrucial because maternal health is interconnected with newborn and child survival.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhy do you think gender-based violence\r\nremains under-prioritized in maternal and child health policies?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\r\nGBV is under-prioritized due to the normalization of violence and deeply rooted stigma,\r\ninadequate data, and a lack of gender-sensitive policies in the health sector. Cultural\r\ntaboos, victim blaming, fear of retaliation among others mean that many women do\r\nnot disclose their experiences of violence, resulting in a perception that the issue is not\r\nas prevalent or impactful as it truly is. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis contributes to inadequate data on this issue\r\n– which is central to shaping health policies.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\r\nAdditionally, many health policies focus narrowly on clinical care, sidelining the broader\r\nsocial determinants of health, such as violence and gender inequality which have a\r\nhuge impact on demand for services. Despite the recognition of violence against\r\nwomen as a significant public health issue, investment in prevention and services for\r\nsurvivors remains inadequate.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Days of Activism against GBV\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAdvocacy campaigns like the 16 Days of Activism are vital for raising awareness, shifting\r\nsocietal norms, and catalyzing action on GBV. These campaigns bring sustained\r\nattention to the issue, highlighting the pervasive nature of violence against women and\r\nits consequences on health. It is through campaigns like these that we can start to\r\nnormalize the conversation and begin to drive change.\r\n\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat role do advocacy campaigns play in driving awareness and action on this issue?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eThese campaigns plant a seed of change in the general public. Global movements like\r\n#MeToo have driven great attention to these issues, leading not only to policy\r\ncommitments but to visible changes in the application of these policies and to the\r\nshifting of gender norms within certain industries. Advocacy not only drives awareness\r\nbut also empowers survivors to seek help and hold perpetrators accountable.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat are some strategies that governments and health\r\norganizations can implement to address violence?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eHealth facilities should implement routine GBV screening\r\nduring antenatal visits, coupled with comprehensive training for healthcare providers to\r\nidentify and support survivors.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eStrengthening health systems will also help address VAW through\r\nprotocols, capacity building, and effective coordination between agencies is essential. Successful examples include\r\nRwanda’s Isange One-Stop Centers, which have served many survivors since their\r\ninception.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat other strategies should countries embrace?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEducation and Economic Empowerment Programs provide women with education\r\nand financial independence through vocational training.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e Microloans can reduce\r\ndependence on abusive partners and improve health outcomes. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGovernments should also invest in robust data\r\ncollection systems and research to track GBV and its impact on MNCH, enabling\r\nevidence-based policymaking.\r\n\u003c!--EndFragment--\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow can communities and local organizations be empowered to combat GBV?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eCommunities and local organizations are critical to driving change. To empower\r\ncommunities, we need to take a bottom-up approach that builds on local knowledge,\r\nculture, and networks.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e We must educate and raise awareness through community\r\nworkshops and school-based programs that address harmful gender norms and\r\npromote respectful relationships.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat should Men, Boys and NGO's do?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eWe need to engage Men and Boys through programs that involve men in conversations\r\nabout gender equality, and challenging patriarchal norms that perpetuate GBV.\r\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eWe must strengthen Local NGOs: Grassroots organizations often have the trust of\r\ncommunities and are well-positioned to provide survivor support yet are often\r\nunderfunded. \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eGovernments and donors should fund these organizations and build their\r\ncapacity.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWhat should policymakers, healthcare providers and international organisations do?\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e They should enforce and fund GBV laws, ensuring survivors have access to justice, shelter, and\r\nhealthcare, Integrate GBV into national health strategies, and allocate budgets for GBV\r\nprevention and response programs, focusing on rural and underserved populations.\r\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eOthers include standardising GBV screening in maternal health services and establishing\r\nreferral pathways for survivors, training staff in trauma-informed care, ensuring sensitive\r\nand effective support for survivors, scaling funding for GBV programs, particularly in\r\nLMICs, to bridge resource gaps\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c!--StartFragment--\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eKadi Toure is the Communications Lead at the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and\r\nChild Health (PMNCH), the world’s largest alliance for women’s, children’s and\r\nadolescent health and well-being, hosted by the World Health Organization, based 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