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To read about the background to these events, see <a href="/wiki/History_of_Austria" title="History of Austria">History of Austria</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Dynamic_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">dynamic list</a> and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Timeline_of_Austrian_history" title="Special:EditPage/Timeline of Austrian history">adding missing items</a> with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>.</div> <div class="toc"> <b>Centuries</b>: <a href="#10th_century">10th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#11th_century">11th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#12th_century">12th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#13th_century">13th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#14th_century">14th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#15th_century">15th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#16th_century">16th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#17th_century">17th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#18th_century">18th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#19th_century">19th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#20th_century">20th</a> <b>·</b> <a href="#21st_century">21st</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="10th_century">10th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: 10th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/955" title="955">955</a></td> <td>10 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lechfeld_(955)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Lechfeld (955)">Battle of Lechfeld (955)</a></i>: An <a href="/wiki/East_Francia" title="East Francia">East Frankish</a> army under <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor</a> trapped a <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Hungary" title="Principality of Hungary">Hungarian</a> army behind the <a href="/wiki/Lech_(river)" title="Lech (river)">Lech</a> and wiped it out, saving the city of <a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a> and extending East Frankish territory eastward. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/960" title="960">960</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Burkhard,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Burkhard, Margrave of Austria">Burkhard, Margrave of Austria</a> was created <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of the Eastern March, comprising territories recently conquered from the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Hungary" title="Principality of Hungary">Hungarians</a>, under the lordship of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Duchy of Bavaria</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a>, his sister-in-law's husband <a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Henry II, Duke of Bavaria">Henry II, Duke of Bavaria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/976" title="976">976</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Henry II, Duke of Bavaria">Henry II, Duke of Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, launched a revolt in his duchy against <a href="/wiki/Otto_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. <a href="/wiki/Burkhard,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Burkhard, Margrave of Austria">Burkhard</a> joined him. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otto_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, conquered <a href="/wiki/Regensburg" title="Regensburg">Regensburg</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavarian</a> capital, then in revolt. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>An <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> at <a href="/wiki/Regensburg" title="Regensburg">Regensburg</a> formally stripped <a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Henry II, Duke of Bavaria">Henry II, Duke of Bavaria</a> of his duchy and appointed <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Duke_of_Swabia_and_Bavaria" title="Otto I, Duke of Swabia and Bavaria">Otto I, Duke of Swabia and Bavaria</a>, nephew of <a href="/wiki/Otto_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a>, and already <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Swabia" title="Duchy of Swabia">Swabia</a>, duke of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Margrave of Austria">Leopold I the Illustrious, Margrave of Austria</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">count</a> of <a href="/wiki/Babenberg" title="Babenberg">Babenberg</a>, replaced <a href="/wiki/Burkhard,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Burkhard, Margrave of Austria">Burkhard</a> as <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of the Bavarian Eastern March. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/984" title="984">984</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Illustrious</a> captured the fortress at <a href="/wiki/Melk" title="Melk">Melk</a>, the last redoubt of <a href="/wiki/Burkhard,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Burkhard, Margrave of Austria">Burkhard's</a> partisans, and established his capital there. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/987" title="987">987</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Illustrious</a> conquered territory extending to the <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Woods" title="Vienna Woods">Vienna Woods</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/991" title="991">991</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Illustrious</a> conquered territory extending to the <a href="/wiki/Fischa" title="Fischa">Fischa</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/994" title="994">994</a></td> <td>8 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Illustrious</a> was struck in the eye by an arrow at a tournament in <a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Würzburg">Würzburg</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Illustrious</a> died. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otto_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Kingdom of Germany</a>, appointed <a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Illustrious's</a> son <a href="/wiki/Henry_I,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Henry I, Margrave of Austria">Henry I the Strong, Margrave of Austria</a> <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of the Eastern March. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/996" title="996">996</a></td> <td>1 November</td> <td>The term <i>Ostarrîchi</i> was first used, possibly in reference to a small <a href="/wiki/Fief" title="Fief">fief</a> within the Eastern March. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="11th_century">11th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 11th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1002" title="1002">1002</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a> and <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, added the land between the <a href="/wiki/Kamp_(river)" title="Kamp (river)">Kamp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Morava_(river)" title="Morava (river)">Morava</a> rivers and some territory southwest of <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> to the territory of Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1018" title="1018">1018</a></td> <td>23 June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_I,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Henry I, Margrave of Austria">Henry the Strong</a> died from wounds he suffered in battle against <a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_I_the_Brave" title="Bolesław I the Brave">Bolesław I the Brave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Civitas_Schinesghe" title="Civitas Schinesghe">Poland</a>. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> by his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Adalbert,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Adalbert, Margrave of Austria">Adalbert the Victorious, Margrave of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1055" title="1055">1055</a></td> <td>26 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adalbert,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Adalbert, Margrave of Austria">Adalbert the Victorious</a> died in the Austrian capital <a href="/wiki/Melk" title="Melk">Melk</a>. He was succeeded by his son <a href="/wiki/Ernest,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Ernest, Margrave of Austria">Ernest the Brave, Margrave of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1062" title="1062">1062</a></td> <td>April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_Kaiserswerth" title="Coup of Kaiserswerth">Coup of Kaiserswerth</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Anno_II" title="Anno II">Anno II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cologne" title="Archbishop of Cologne">archbishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cologne" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cologne">Cologne</a>, kidnapped the young <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, then <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, and demanded that his mother and <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> <a href="/wiki/Agnes_of_Poitou" title="Agnes of Poitou">Agnes of Poitou</a> hand over the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Regalia" title="Imperial Regalia">Imperial Regalia</a> to his coconspirators. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1065" title="1065">1065</a></td> <td>29 March</td> <td>An <a href="/wiki/Accolade" title="Accolade">accolade</a> ceremony was held in <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a> recognizing the majority of <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1073" title="1073">1073</a></td> <td>29 June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Saxon_revolt_of_1073%E2%80%931075" title="Saxon revolt of 1073–1075">Saxon Rebellion</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxony" title="Duchy of Saxony">Saxon</a> <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a>, at the head of a large army, came to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Palace_of_Goslar" title="Imperial Palace of Goslar">Imperial Palace of Goslar</a> to protest the frequent stays of <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a>, on their territory and his promotion of local <a href="/wiki/Ministerialis" title="Ministerialis">ministeriales</a>. The king fled. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1074" title="1074">1074</a></td> <td>2 February</td> <td><i>Saxon Rebellion</i>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Gerstungen" title="Treaty of Gerstungen">Treaty of Gerstungen</a> agreeing to restore the rebel <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> <a href="/wiki/Otto_of_Nordheim" title="Otto of Nordheim">Otto of Nordheim</a> in <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1075" title="1075">1075</a></td> <td>9 June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Langensalza_(1075)" title="Battle of Langensalza (1075)">Battle of Langensalza (1075)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Kingdom of Germany</a>, and a number of his <a href="/wiki/Vassal" title="Vassal">vassals</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Ernest,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Ernest, Margrave of Austria">Ernest the Brave</a>, destroyed a <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxony" title="Duchy of Saxony">Saxon</a> army composed largely of <a href="/wiki/Peasant" title="Peasant">peasant</a> draftees near what is now <a href="/wiki/Bad_Langensalza" title="Bad Langensalza">Bad Langensalza</a>. Ernest the Brave was killed. He was succeeded by his son <a href="/wiki/Leopold_II,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold II, Margrave of Austria">Leopold II the Fair, Margrave of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_VII" title="Pope Gregory VII">Pope Gregory VII</a> composed the <i><a href="/wiki/Dictatus_papae" title="Dictatus papae">Dictatus papae</a></i>, declaring that his office was granted by God, and that he had the right to depose <a href="/wiki/Emperor" title="Emperor">emperors</a>, as well as the sole authority to appoint and transfer <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishops</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i>Investiture Controversy</i>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a>, reasserted his right to appoint <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishops</a> in a letter in which he addressed the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_VII" title="Pope Gregory VII">Pope Gregory VII</a>, as a false monk and called for his removal. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1078" title="1078">1078</a></td> <td></td> <td><i>Investiture Controversy</i>: <a href="/wiki/Altmann_of_Passau" class="mw-redirect" title="Altmann of Passau">Altmann of Passau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Passau" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Passau">Passau</a>, fled to Austria following the invasion of his <a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">diocese</a> by supporters of <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1079" title="1079">1079</a></td> <td></td> <td><i>Investiture Controversy</i>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a>, invaded Austria in pursuit of the fugitive <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> <a href="/wiki/Altmann_of_Passau" class="mw-redirect" title="Altmann of Passau">Altmann of Passau</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1081" title="1081">1081</a></td> <td>6 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_II,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold II, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Fair</a> supported the election at <a href="/wiki/Forchheim" title="Forchheim">Forchheim</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hermann_of_Salm" title="Hermann of Salm">Hermann of Salm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">count</a> of Salm, as <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a> in opposition to <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a>, deposed <a href="/wiki/Leopold_II,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold II, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Fair</a> and granted his territory to <a href="/wiki/Vratislaus_II_of_Bohemia" title="Vratislaus II of Bohemia">Vratislaus II of Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bohemia" title="Duchy of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1082" title="1082">1082</a></td> <td>12 May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mailberg" title="Battle of Mailberg">Battle of Mailberg</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bohemia" title="Duchy of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> army invading in support of the claim of <a href="/wiki/Vratislaus_II_of_Bohemia" title="Vratislaus II of Bohemia">Vratislaus II of Bohemia</a> decisively defeated the Austrians at <a href="/wiki/Mailberg" title="Mailberg">Mailberg</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1095" title="1095">1095</a></td> <td>12 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_II,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold II, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Fair</a> died. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of Austria by his son <a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Margrave of Austria">Leopold III the Good, Margrave of Austria</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="12th_century">12th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 12th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1103" title="1103">1103</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, issued the <i><a href="/wiki/Landfrieden" title="Landfrieden">Landfrieden</a></i>, establishing some rules on the resolution of disputes between rulers of states of the Empire. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1104" title="1104">1104</a></td> <td></td> <td><i>Investiture Controversy</i>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a> and son and heir of <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, rebelled against his father at the urging of the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paschal_II" title="Pope Paschal II">Pope Paschal II</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, was forced at an <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> at <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a> to abdicate in favor of his son <a href="/wiki/Henry_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, then <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1106" title="1106">1106</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Good</a> married <a href="/wiki/Agnes_of_Waiblingen" title="Agnes of Waiblingen">Agnes of Waiblingen</a>, sister of <a href="/wiki/Henry_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1136" title="1136">1136</a></td> <td>15 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Margrave_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Margrave of Austria">Leopold the Good</a> died. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of Austria by his son <a href="/wiki/Leopold,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Leopold, Duke of Bavaria">Leopold the Generous, Duke of Bavaria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1137" title="1137">1137</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Leopold, Duke of Bavaria">Leopold the Generous</a> granted the <i><a href="/wiki/Peterskirche,_Vienna" title="Peterskirche, Vienna">Peterskirche</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Prince-bishop" title="Prince-bishop">prince-bishop</a> of Passau in exchange for some territory outside the city. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1138" title="1138">1138</a></td> <td>7 March</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1138_Imperial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1138 Imperial election">1138 Imperial election</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Conrad_III_of_Germany" title="Conrad III of Germany">Conrad III of Germany</a> was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> at <a href="/wiki/Koblenz" title="Koblenz">Koblenz</a>, defeating <a href="/wiki/Henry_X,_Duke_of_Bavaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry X, Duke of Bavaria">Henry X, Duke of Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxony" title="Duchy of Saxony">Saxony</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Spoleto" title="Duchy of Spoleto">Spoleto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of <a href="/wiki/March_of_Tuscany" title="March of Tuscany">Tuscany</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_X,_Duke_of_Bavaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry X, Duke of Bavaria">Henry X, Duke of Bavaria</a> announced his refusal to recognize <a href="/wiki/Conrad_III_of_Germany" title="Conrad III of Germany">Conrad III of Germany</a> as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>. In return, Conrad <a href="/wiki/Imperial_ban" title="Imperial ban">banned</a> him and deprived him of both of his German duchies, granting <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a> to his supporter <a href="/wiki/Leopold,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Leopold, Duke of Bavaria">Leopold the Generous</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1141" title="1141">1141</a></td> <td>18 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Leopold, Duke of Bavaria">Leopold the Generous</a> died. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a> by his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Henry II, Duke of Austria">Henry II Jasomirgott, Duke of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1145" title="1145">1145</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Henry II, Duke of Austria">Henry Jasomirgott</a> established his residence in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1156" title="1156">1156</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, restored the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Welf" title="House of Welf">House of Welf</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Duchy of Bavaria</a> in the person of <a href="/wiki/Henry_the_Lion" title="Henry the Lion">Henry the Lion</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Henry_X,_Duke_of_Bavaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry X, Duke of Bavaria">Henry X, Duke of Bavaria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 September</td> <td>To compensate <a href="/wiki/Babenberg" title="Babenberg">Babenberg</a> for their loss of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, issued the <i><a href="/wiki/Privilegium_Minus" title="Privilegium Minus">Privilegium Minus</a></i>, elevating Austria to an independent <a href="/wiki/Duchy" title="Duchy">duchy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1176" title="1176">1176</a></td> <td>November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Henry II, Duke of Austria">Henry Jasomirgott</a> broke his hip falling with his horse from a bridge near <a href="/wiki/Melk" title="Melk">Melk</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1177" title="1177">1177</a></td> <td>13 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Henry II, Duke of Austria">Henry Jasomirgott</a> died in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. He was succeeded by his son <a href="/wiki/Leopold_V,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold V, Duke of Austria">Leopold V the Virtuous, Duke of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1186" title="1186">1186</a></td> <td>17 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_V,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold V, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Virtuous</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_IV,_Duke_of_Styria" title="Ottokar IV, Duke of Styria">Ottokar IV, Duke of Styria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>, signed the <a href="/wiki/Georgenberg_Pact" title="Georgenberg Pact">Georgenberg Pact</a>, under which the former was to succeed the latter on his death. In exchange, Leopold the Virtuous promised to maintain the rights of the Styrian <a href="/wiki/Estates_of_the_realm" title="Estates of the realm">estates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizen">citizens</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1187" title="1187">1187</a></td> <td>2 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1187)">Siege of Jerusalem (1187)</a></i>: The city of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> fell to an <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid</a> siege. The capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Kingdom of Jerusalem</a> was moved to <a href="/wiki/Tyre,_Lebanon" title="Tyre, Lebanon">Tyre, Lebanon</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Third_Crusade" title="Third Crusade">Third Crusade</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_VIII" title="Pope Gregory VIII">Pope Gregory VIII</a> issued the <i><a href="/wiki/Audita_tremendi" title="Audita tremendi">audita tremendi</a></i> calling for a <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusade</a> to reconquer <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid dynasty</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1189" title="1189">1189</a></td> <td>August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1189%E2%80%931191)" title="Siege of Acre (1189–1191)">Siege of Acre (1189–1191)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Guy_of_Lusignan" title="Guy of Lusignan">Guy of Lusignan</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Jure_uxoris" title="Jure uxoris">jure uxoris</a></i> <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, laid siege to the <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre, Israel</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1191" title="1191">1191</a></td> <td></td> <td><i>Siege of Acre (1189–1191)</i>: <a href="/wiki/Leopold_V,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold V, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Virtuous</a> took command of the <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusader</a> army at <a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre, Israel</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td><i>Siege of Acre (1189–1191)</i>: <a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre, Israel</a> fell to the <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusaders</a>. The flags of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> and Austria were raised on the ramparts. <a href="/wiki/Richard_I_of_England" title="Richard I of England">Richard I of England</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of England, ordered the Austrian flag torn down. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1192" title="1192">1192</a></td> <td>8 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ottokar_IV,_Duke_of_Styria" title="Ottokar IV, Duke of Styria">Ottokar IV, Duke of Styria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>, died of leprosy. He was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Leopold_V,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold V, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Virtuous</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_I_of_England" title="Richard I of England">Richard I of England</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>, was arrested in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> for the April murder of <a href="/wiki/Conrad_of_Montferrat" title="Conrad of Montferrat">Conrad of Montferrat</a>, the king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> and cousin to <a href="/wiki/Leopold_V,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold V, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Virtuous</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1193" title="1193">1193</a></td> <td>19 April</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">English</a> <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_I_of_England" title="Richard I of England">Richard I of England</a> was released from his captivity at <a href="/wiki/Trifels_Castle" title="Trifels Castle">Trifels Castle</a> following the payment of a substantial ransom to Austria and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1194" title="1194">1194</a></td> <td>31 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_V,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold V, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Virtuous</a> died of gangrene after a botched amputation of his foot, injured at a tournament in <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a>. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Austria by one son, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Duke_of_Austria_(Babenberg)" title="Frederick I, Duke of Austria (Babenberg)">Frederick I the Catholic, Duke of Austria</a>, and as duke of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> by another, <a href="/wiki/Leopold_VI,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold VI, Duke of Austria">Leopold VI the Glorious, Duke of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1196" title="1196">1196</a></td> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Celestine_III" title="Pope Celestine III">Pope Celestine III</a> censured the late <a href="/wiki/Leopold_V,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold V, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Virtuous</a> and <a href="/wiki/Babenberg" title="Babenberg">his house</a> for his imprisonment and ransoming of <a href="/wiki/Richard_I_of_England" title="Richard I of England">Richard I of England</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> and a fellow <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusader</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1197" title="1197">1197</a></td> <td>April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_1197" title="Crusade of 1197">Crusade of 1197</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Duke_of_Austria_(Babenberg)" title="Frederick I, Duke of Austria (Babenberg)">Frederick the Catholic</a> left Austria on a crusade organized by <a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, to reconquer <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Kingdom of Jerusalem</a> and convince the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Celestine_III" title="Pope Celestine III">Pope Celestine III</a> to support his claim to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>An army of Austrians and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">nobles</a> loyal to <a href="/wiki/Andrew_II_of_Hungary" title="Andrew II of Hungary">Andrew II of Hungary</a>, then without title, defeated a Hungarian royal army at <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%8Dki,_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mački, Slovenia">Mački</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1198" title="1198">1198</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emeric,_King_of_Hungary" title="Emeric, King of Hungary">Emeric, King of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary</a>, was forced to appoint his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Andrew_II_of_Hungary" title="Andrew II of Hungary">Andrew II of Hungary</a> <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> in <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in union with Hungary">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 April</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Duke_of_Austria_(Babenberg)" title="Frederick I, Duke of Austria (Babenberg)">Frederick the Catholic</a> died of illness at <a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre, Israel</a>. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Austria by his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Leopold_VI,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold VI, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Glorious</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1199" title="1199">1199</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emeric,_King_of_Hungary" title="Emeric, King of Hungary">Emeric, King of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary</a>, defeated his brother <a href="/wiki/Andrew_II_of_Hungary" title="Andrew II of Hungary">Andrew II of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> in <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in union with Hungary">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Lake_Balaton" title="Lake Balaton">Lake Balaton</a> and forced him to flee into Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1200" title="1200">1200</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_II_of_Hungary" title="Andrew II of Hungary">Andrew II of Hungary</a>, then a refugee in Austria, was peacefully restored to power as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> in <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in union with Hungary">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="13th_century">13th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 13th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1205" title="1205">1205</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_VI,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold VI, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Glorious</a> accepted the five-year-old <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_III_of_Hungary" title="Ladislaus III of Hungary">Ladislaus III of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary</a>, and his court as refugees from his uncle and <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_II_of_Hungary" title="Andrew II of Hungary">Andrew II of Hungary</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_III_of_Hungary" title="Ladislaus III of Hungary">Ladislaus III of Hungary</a>, the five-year-old <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary</a>, died in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. His uncle and <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_II_of_Hungary" title="Andrew II of Hungary">Andrew II of Hungary</a>, whose cruel treatment had forced him to flee into exile, succeeded him as king. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1209" title="1209">1209</a></td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Albigensian_Crusade" title="Albigensian Crusade">Albigensian Crusade</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_III" title="Pope Innocent III">Pope Innocent III</a> called for a <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusade</a> against <a href="/wiki/Catharism" title="Catharism">Catharism</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">gnostic</a> heresy prevalent in <a href="/wiki/Languedoc" title="Languedoc">Languedoc</a>, and the sympathetic <a href="/wiki/Count_of_Toulouse" title="Count of Toulouse">count</a> of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Toulouse" title="County of Toulouse">Toulouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raymond_VI,_Count_of_Toulouse" title="Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse">Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1212" title="1212">1212</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_VI,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold VI, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Glorious</a> took part in an <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> at <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a> which deposed <a href="/wiki/Otto_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a> and elected <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor</a> as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> with the support of the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_III" title="Pope Innocent III">Pope Innocent III</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td><i>Albigensian Crusade</i>: <a href="/wiki/Leopold_VI,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold VI, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Glorious</a> left <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> to participate in the <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusade</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i>Albigensian Crusade</i>: <a href="/wiki/Leopold_VI,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold VI, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Glorious</a> returned to Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1213" title="1213">1213</a></td> <td>12 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, issued the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Bull_of_1213_(German)" title="Golden Bull of 1213 (German)">Golden Bull of 1213</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Bull" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Bull">Golden Bull</a> ceding some ecclesiastical rights to the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1217" title="1217">1217</a></td> <td>July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Crusade" title="Fifth Crusade">Fifth Crusade</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Leopold_VI,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold VI, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Glorious</a> left <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> to take part in another <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusade</a> to reconquer <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid dynasty</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1218" title="1218">1218</a></td> <td>29 May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1218%E2%80%931219)" title="Siege of Damietta (1218–1219)">Siege of Damietta (1218–1219)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusader</a> forces, including Austrian and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styrian</a> forces, landed near the fortress of the <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Damietta" title="Damietta">Damietta</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td><i>Fifth Crusade</i>: <a href="/wiki/Leopold_VI,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold VI, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Glorious</a> returned to Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1221" title="1221">1221</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> was granted the <a href="/wiki/Staple_right" title="Staple right">staple right</a>, the right to require merchants passing through to offer their goods for sale. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1230" title="1230">1230</a></td> <td>28 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_VI,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold VI, Duke of Austria">Leopold VI the Glorious, Duke of Austria</a> died. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> by his son <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick II, Duke of Austria">Frederick II the Quarrelsome, Duke of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1235" title="1235">1235</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, invited <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> to invade and conquer Austria as punishment for the aggression and impertinence of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick II, Duke of Austria">Frederick the Quarrelsome</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>The residents of <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> opened the gates of the city to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> army. <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick II, Duke of Austria">Frederick the Quarrelsome</a> fled to <a href="/wiki/Wiener_Neustadt" title="Wiener Neustadt">Wiener Neustadt</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> was raised to a <a href="/wiki/Free_imperial_city" title="Free imperial city">free imperial city</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1237" title="1237">1237</a></td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Europe" title="Mongol invasion of Europe">Mongol invasion of Europe</a></i>: The army of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a> arrived at <a href="/wiki/Ryazan" title="Ryazan">Ryazan</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1238" title="1238">1238</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick II, Duke of Austria">Frederick the Quarrelsome</a> created two administrative divisions of Austria: <a href="/wiki/Upper_Austria" title="Upper Austria">Upper Austria</a>, above the <a href="/wiki/Enns_(river)" title="Enns (river)">Enns</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lower_Austria" title="Lower Austria">Lower Austria</a> below. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1239" title="1239">1239</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, restored <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick II, Duke of Austria">Frederick the Quarrelsome</a> as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1241" title="1241">1241</a></td> <td>15 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mohi" title="Battle of Mohi">Battle of Mohi</a></i>: Austrian forces defeated a small <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a> raiding party near <a href="/wiki/Muhi" title="Muhi">Muhi</a>, then withdrew. <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungarian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Templar</a> forces remained in the theater. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1246" title="1246">1246</a></td> <td>15 June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Leitha_River" title="Battle of the Leitha River">Battle of the Leitha River</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a> defeated an Austrian invasion near the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Leitha" title="Leitha">Leitha</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick II, Duke of Austria">Frederick the Quarrelsome</a> was killed. His sister <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Austria,_Queen_of_Bohemia" title="Margaret of Austria, Queen of Bohemia">Margaret of Austria, Queen of Bohemia</a> and his niece <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_of_Austria" title="Gertrude of Austria">Gertrude of Austria</a> both claimed the succession in Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_I_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus I of Bohemia">Wenceslaus I of Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, married his son and heir <a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_III_of_Moravia" title="Vladislaus III of Moravia">Vladislaus III of Moravia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Moravia" title="Margraviate of Moravia">Moravia</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_of_Austria" title="Gertrude of Austria">Gertrude</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>The Austrian nobility gave <a href="/wiki/Homage_(feudal)" title="Homage (feudal)">homage</a> to <a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_III_of_Moravia" title="Vladislaus III of Moravia">Vladislaus</a> in support of his claim by right of his wife <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_of_Austria" title="Gertrude of Austria">Gertrude</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1247" title="1247">1247</a></td> <td>3 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_III_of_Moravia" title="Vladislaus III of Moravia">Vladislaus</a> died. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1248" title="1248">1248</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Herman_VI,_Margrave_of_Baden" title="Herman VI, Margrave of Baden">Herman VI, Margrave of Baden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Baden" title="Margraviate of Baden">Baden</a>, married <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_of_Austria" title="Gertrude of Austria">Gertrude</a>. He laid claim to Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> by right of his wife and left his brother <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I,_Margrave_of_Baden-Baden" title="Rudolf I, Margrave of Baden-Baden">Rudolf I, Margrave of Baden-Baden</a> to govern Baden. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1250" title="1250">1250</a></td> <td>4 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Herman_VI,_Margrave_of_Baden" title="Herman VI, Margrave of Baden">Herman</a> died. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_I_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus I of Bohemia">Wenceslaus I of Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, invaded Austria, possibly at the invitation of the local <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1251" title="1251">1251</a></td> <td></td> <td>The Austrian <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a> acclaimed <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar II the Iron and Golden King of Bohemia</a>, son and heir of the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> <a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_I_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus I of Bohemia">Wenceslaus I of Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1252" title="1252">1252</a></td> <td>11 February</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a> married <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Austria,_Queen_of_Bohemia" title="Margaret of Austria, Queen of Bohemia">Margaret</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_of_Austria" title="Gertrude of Austria">Gertrude</a> married <a href="/wiki/Roman_Danylovich" title="Roman Danylovich">Roman Danylovich</a>, son and heir of <a href="/wiki/Daniel_of_Galicia" title="Daniel of Galicia">Daniel of Galicia</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Knyaz" title="Knyaz">knyaz</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia%E2%80%93Volhynia" title="Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia">Galicia</a> and a relative of <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_IV_of_Hungary" title="Béla IV of Hungary">Béla IV of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1253" title="1253">1253</a></td> <td>23 September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_I_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus I of Bohemia">Wenceslaus I of Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, died. He was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a>, his son. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_IV_of_Hungary" title="Béla IV of Hungary">Béla IV of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary</a>, claimed ownership of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_of_Austria" title="Gertrude of Austria">Gertrude</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_Danylovich" title="Roman Danylovich">Roman Danylovich</a> were divorced. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1254" title="1254">1254</a></td> <td></td> <td>After mediation by the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_IV" title="Pope Innocent IV">Pope Innocent IV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a> agreed to cede much of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> to <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_IV_of_Hungary" title="Béla IV of Hungary">Béla IV of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary</a>, in exchange for the latter's recognition of his claims in Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1258" title="1258">1258</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_V_of_Hungary" title="Stephen V of Hungary">Stephen V of Hungary</a>, son and heir of <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_IV_of_Hungary" title="Béla IV of Hungary">Béla IV of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary</a>, was appointed <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1260" title="1260">1260</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a> invaded <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> in support of a revolt by the local <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kressenbrunn" title="Battle of Kressenbrunn">Battle of Kressenbrunn</a></i>: Austrian and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> forces repulsed a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungarian</a> attack over the <a href="/wiki/Morava_(river)" title="Morava (river)">Morava</a> near modern <a href="/wiki/Engelhartstetten" title="Engelhartstetten">Engelhartstetten</a>. Many Hungarian soldiers drowned in the river. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1261" title="1261">1261</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_IV_of_Hungary" title="Béla IV of Hungary">Béla IV of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungary</a>, renounced his claim to <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> in favor of <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1266" title="1266">1266</a></td> <td>29 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Austria,_Queen_of_Bohemia" title="Margaret of Austria, Queen of Bohemia">Margaret</a> died. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1273" title="1273">1273</a></td> <td>1 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1273_Imperial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1273 Imperial election">1273 Imperial election</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I of Habsburg of Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">count</a> of <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a>, was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, defeating <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a>, who refused to recognize his election. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1274" title="1274">1274</a></td> <td>November</td> <td>An <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> at <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a> held that all territories which had changed hands in the <a href="/wiki/Interregnum_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Interregnum (Holy Roman Empire)">interregnum</a> following the death of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor</a> had to be returned. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1276" title="1276">1276</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I of Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imperial_ban" title="Imperial ban">banned</a> <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a> for failing to recognize his election and for failing to cede Austria, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Carinthia</a> to imperial administration after the extinction of the male line in each of those <a href="/wiki/Duchy" title="Duchy">duchies</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I of Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, declared war on <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a> ceded Austria, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Carinthia</a> and <a href="/wiki/March_of_Carniola" title="March of Carniola">Carniola</a> to the direct administration of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I of Germany</a> rescinded the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_ban" title="Imperial ban">imperial ban</a> and restored him to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Kingdom of Bohemia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1278" title="1278">1278</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a> invaded Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_on_the_Marchfeld" title="Battle on the Marchfeld">Battle on the Marchfeld</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">Hungarian</a> army decisively defeated a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_G%C5%82og%C3%B3w" title="Duchy of Głogów">Głogów</a> and Lower Bavarian force near <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCrnkrut,_Austria" title="Dürnkrut, Austria">Dürnkrut, Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jedenspeigen" title="Jedenspeigen">Jedenspeigen</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a> was killed. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1282" title="1282">1282</a></td> <td>27 December</td> <td>A <i><a href="/wiki/Hoftag" title="Hoftag">Hoftag</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a> recognized the appointment of <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I of Germany's</a> sons <a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert I of Habsburg of Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf II, Duke of Austria">Rudolf II, Duke of Austria</a> as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">dukes</a> jointly and severally of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margraves</a> jointly and severally of <a href="/wiki/March_of_Carniola" title="March of Carniola">Carniola</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Windic_March" title="Windic March">Windic March</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1283" title="1283">1283</a></td> <td>1 June</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rheinfelden" title="Treaty of Rheinfelden">Treaty of Rheinfelden</a> was signed at <a href="/wiki/Rheinfelden_(Aargau)" title="Rheinfelden (Aargau)">Rheinfelden</a>, establishing the succession of <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I of Germany</a>. <a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> was to receive the sole rule of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>. In exchange, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf II, Duke of Austria">Rudolf II</a> would receive some territories in <a href="/wiki/Further_Austria" title="Further Austria">Further Austria</a>. The treaty also established <a href="/wiki/Primogeniture" title="Primogeniture">primogeniture</a> as the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_succession" title="Order of succession">order of succession</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1286" title="1286">1286</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Meinhard,_Duke_of_Carinthia" title="Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia">Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">count</a> of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">Tyrol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg's</a> father in law, was made <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Carinthia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of <a href="/wiki/March_of_Carniola" title="March of Carniola">Carniola</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Windic_March" title="Windic March">Windic March</a> as compensation for his earlier support of <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I of Germany</a> against <a href="/wiki/Ottokar_II_of_Bohemia" title="Ottokar II of Bohemia">Ottokar the Iron and Golden King</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1290" title="1290">1290</a></td> <td>10 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf II, Duke of Austria">Rudolf II</a> died. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1291" title="1291">1291</a></td> <td>15 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I of Germany</a> died. </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_II,_Duke_of_Saxony" title="Albert II, Duke of Saxony">Albert II, Duke of Saxony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxony" title="Duchy of Saxony">Saxony</a>, agreed to support the candidate of <a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_II_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus II of Bohemia">Wenceslaus II of Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, in the upcoming <a href="/wiki/Imperial_election_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial election (Holy Roman Empire)">imperial election</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1292" title="1292">1292</a></td> <td>27 April</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adolf,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Adolf, King of the Romans">Adolf, King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">count</a> of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Nassau" title="County of Nassau">Nassau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siegfried_II_of_Westerburg" title="Siegfried II of Westerburg">Siegfried II of Westerburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cologne" title="Archbishop of Cologne">archbishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cologne" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cologne">Cologne</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Andernach_(1292)" title="Treaty of Andernach (1292)">Treaty of Andernach</a>, under which the latter agreed to support the former in the upcoming <a href="/wiki/Imperial_election_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial election (Holy Roman Empire)">imperial election</a> in exchange for significant territorial concessions. </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1292_Imperial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1292 Imperial election">1292 Imperial election</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Adolf,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Adolf, King of the Romans">Adolf, King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">count</a> of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Nassau" title="County of Nassau">Nassau</a>, was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> at <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, denying the wishes of <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I of Germany</a> to see his son <a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> elected. </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adolf,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Adolf, King of the Romans">Adolf, King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, agreed to depose <a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> in Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> and to grant those <a href="/wiki/Duchy" title="Duchy">duchies</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_II_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus II of Bohemia">Wenceslaus II of Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Kingdom of Bohemia</a>, by force if necessary. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adolf,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Adolf, King of the Romans">Adolf, King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, recognized <a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Windic_March" title="Windic March">Windic March</a>, and lord of <a href="/wiki/Pordenone" title="Pordenone">Pordenone</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1294" title="1294">1294</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adolf,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Adolf, King of the Romans">Adolf, King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, purchased the landgraviate of Thuringia and the <a href="/wiki/Margravate_of_Meissen" title="Margravate of Meissen">margravate of Meissen</a> from <a href="/wiki/Albert_II,_Margrave_of_Meissen" title="Albert II, Margrave of Meissen">Albert II, Margrave of Meissen</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1298" title="1298">1298</a></td> <td>23 June</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Elector_of_Mainz" title="Elector of Mainz">Elector of Mainz</a>, acting on behalf of himself and that of <a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_II_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus II of Bohemia">Wenceslaus II of Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wigbold_von_Holte" title="Wigbold von Holte">Wigbold von Holte</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cologne" title="Archbishop of Cologne">archbishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cologne" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cologne">Cologne</a>, declared <a href="/wiki/Adolf,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Adolf, King of the Romans">Adolf, King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, deposed at a meeting in <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a> in the presence of some lesser <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_G%C3%B6llheim" title="Battle of Göllheim">Battle of Göllheim</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> personally killed <a href="/wiki/Adolf,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Adolf, King of the Romans">Adolf, King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> in battle at <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6llheim" title="Göllheim">Göllheim</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> was crowned <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aachen_Cathedral" title="Aachen Cathedral">Aachen Cathedral</a> in <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> appointed his son <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Bohemia" title="Rudolf I of Bohemia">Rudolf I of Bohemia</a> <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> jointly with himself. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="14th_century">14th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 14th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1306" title="1306">1306</a></td> <td>4 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_III_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus III of Bohemia">Wenceslaus III of Bohemia</a>, the last <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> of the <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99emyslid_dynasty" title="Přemyslid dynasty">Přemyslid dynasty</a>, was stabbed to death in <a href="/wiki/Olomouc" title="Olomouc">Olomouc</a> by an unknown assassin. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> nobility elected <a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Bohemia" title="Henry of Bohemia">Henry of Bohemia</a> <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> invaded <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> and installed <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Bohemia" title="Rudolf I of Bohemia">Rudolf I of Bohemia</a> on the throne. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1307" title="1307">1307</a></td> <td>31 May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lucka" title="Battle of Lucka">Battle of Lucka</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Margrave_of_Meissen" title="Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen">Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen</a> defeated the forces of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> at <a href="/wiki/Lucka" title="Lucka">Lucka</a>, preserving the rule of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Wettin" title="House of Wettin">House of Wettin</a> over Thuringia. </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Bohemia" title="Rudolf I of Bohemia">Rudolf</a> died, probably due to complications from a preexisting gastrointestinal disease, while besieging a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> rebel fortress at <a href="/wiki/Hora%C5%BE%C4%8Fovice" title="Horažďovice">Horažďovice</a>. <a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert</a> became sole <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1308" title="1308">1308</a></td> <td>1 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert of Habsburg</a> was murdered at <a href="/wiki/Windisch,_Switzerland" title="Windisch, Switzerland">Windisch</a> by his nephew, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf II, Duke of Austria">Rudolf II's</a> son <a href="/wiki/John_Parricida" title="John Parricida">John Parricida</a>, who felt that the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rheinfelden" title="Treaty of Rheinfelden">Treaty of Rheinfelden</a> had deprived him of his inheritance. He was succeeded by two of his sons, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Duke of Austria">Leopold I, Duke of Austria</a>, ruling jointly as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">dukes</a> of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1313" title="1313">1313</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> invaded Lower Bavaria in a dispute with <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Upper Bavaria, over who would tutor the sons of the late <a href="/wiki/Stephen_I,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria">Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria</a>, duke of Lower Bavaria. </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 November</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gammelsdorf" title="Battle of Gammelsdorf">Battle of Gammelsdorf</a></i>: The forces of <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Upper Bavaria, defeated those of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> at <a href="/wiki/Gammelsdorf" title="Gammelsdorf">Gammelsdorf</a>. Frederick the Fair was forced to renounce the tutelage of the children of the late <a href="/wiki/Stephen_I,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria">Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria</a>, duke of Lower Bavaria. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1314" title="1314">1314</a></td> <td>19 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Imperial_election,_October_19,_1314" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial election, October 19, 1314">Imperial election, October 19, 1314</a></i>: Four <a href="/wiki/Prince-elector" title="Prince-elector">electors</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> selected <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> at <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Imperial_election,_October_20,_1314" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial election, October 20, 1314">Imperial election, October 20, 1314</a></i>: Five <a href="/wiki/Prince-elector" title="Prince-elector">electors</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> selected <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Upper Bavaria, as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> at <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> in opposition to <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top">25 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Upper Bavaria, was crowned <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> was crowned <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Bonn_Minster" title="Bonn Minster">Bonn Minster</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1315" title="1315">1315</a></td> <td>15 November</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Morgarten" title="Battle of Morgarten">Battle of Morgarten</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> force ambushed and destroyed a <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a> army at <a href="/wiki/%C3%84gerisee" title="Ägerisee">Ägerisee</a>, saving the Swiss Confederacy from possible annexation to Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1316" title="1316">1316</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, a claimant against <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> to the title of <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, granted the <i><a href="/wiki/Waldst%C3%A4tte" title="Waldstätte">Waldstätte</a></i> of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Old Swiss Confederacy</a> independence from the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1322" title="1322">1322</a></td> <td>28 September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C3%BChldorf" title="Battle of Mühldorf">Battle of Mühldorf</a></i>: The forces of <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Upper Bavaria and a claimant to the title <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, defeated those of his rival <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> in battle at <a href="/wiki/Ampfing" title="Ampfing">Ampfing</a>. Frederick the Fair was captured. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1324" title="1324">1324</a></td> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXII" title="Pope John XXII">Pope John XXII</a> <a href="/wiki/Excommunication_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Excommunication (Catholic Church)">excommunicated</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Upper Bavaria and a claimant in opposition to <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> to the title <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1325" title="1325">1325</a></td> <td>13 March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Trausnitz" title="Treaty of Trausnitz">Treaty of Trausnitz</a> at <a href="/wiki/Trausnitz_Castle" title="Trausnitz Castle">Trausnitz Castle</a> with his captor <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Upper Bavaria. Under its terms, he agreed to recognize his captor as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> in exchange for his liberty, and to convince his partisans to lay down their arms. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Having failed to convince <a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Duke of Austria">Leopold I, Duke of Austria</a>, his younger brother and co-ruler of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>, to abandon his war against <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> returned to captivity in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1326" title="1326">1326</a></td> <td>7 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Ulm_(1326)" title="Treaty of Ulm (1326)">Treaty of Ulm</a>, under which the former was to be crowned <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a>, but the latter would administer the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 February</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold I, Duke of Austria">Leopold I, Duke of Austria</a> died. <a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> left the administration of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> to return to rule Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1330" title="1330">1330</a></td> <td>13 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick the Fair</a> died. He was succeeded by his younger brothers <a href="/wiki/Albert_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert II, Duke of Austria">Albert II the Wise, the Lame, Duke of Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otto,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Otto, Duke of Austria">Otto the Merry, Duke of Austria</a>, ruling jointly as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">dukes</a> of Austria and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1335" title="1335">1335</a></td> <td>2 April</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Bohemia" title="Henry of Bohemia">Henry of Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Carinthia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of <a href="/wiki/March_of_Carniola" title="March of Carniola">Carniola</a>, died, leaving no male heirs. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert II, Duke of Austria">Albert the Wise</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otto,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Otto, Duke of Austria">Otto the Merry</a>, whose mother, <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Carinthia,_Queen_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth of Carinthia, Queen of Germany">Elizabeth of Carinthia, Queen of Germany</a> was sister to <a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Bohemia" title="Henry of Bohemia">Henry of Bohemia</a>, the late <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Carinthia</a>, were jointly appointed dukes of Carinthia and <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margraves</a> of <a href="/wiki/March_of_Carniola" title="March of Carniola">Carniola</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1339" title="1339">1339</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otto,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Otto, Duke of Austria">Otto the Merry</a> died. He was survived by two young sons. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1344" title="1344">1344</a></td> <td>10 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otto,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Otto, Duke of Austria">Otto the Merry's</a> younger son, the sixteen-year-old <a href="/wiki/Leopold_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold II, Duke of Austria">Leopold II, Duke of Austria</a>, died, possibly due to poisoning. </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otto,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Otto, Duke of Austria">Otto the Merry's</a> surviving son, the seventeen-year-old Frederick, died, possibly after being poisoned. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1358" title="1358">1358</a></td> <td>16 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_II,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert II, Duke of Austria">Albert the Wise</a> died. According to his will, he was succeeded by his eldest son, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria">Rudolf IV the Founder, Duke of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1359" title="1359">1359</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria">Rudolf the Founder</a> ordered the creation of the <i><a href="/wiki/Privilegium_Maius" title="Privilegium Maius">Privilegium Maius</a></i>, a set of forged documents, some purportedly issued by <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a>, which raised Austria to an archduchy and granted it additional rights including the <i>privilegium de non evocando</i>, the right to issue judgments which could not be appealed to the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1363" title="1363">1363</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria">Rudolf the Founder</a> and the childless <a href="/wiki/Margaret,_Countess_of_Tyrol" title="Margaret, Countess of Tyrol">Margaret, Countess of Tyrol</a> signed a treaty providing for the former's inheritance of the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">County of Tyrol</a> on the latter's death. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_II,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria">Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, invaded <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">Tyrol</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1364" title="1364">1364</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria">Rudolf the Founder</a> took the title <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/March_of_Carniola" title="March of Carniola">Carniola</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1365" title="1365">1365</a></td> <td></td> <td>The town of <a href="/wiki/Novo_Mesto" title="Novo Mesto">Novo Mesto</a> was established. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_III,_Count_of_Gorizia" title="Albert III, Count of Gorizia">Albert III, Count of Gorizia</a> died. His territories in <a href="/wiki/March_of_Istria" title="March of Istria">Istria</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_Carniola" title="White Carniola">White Carniola</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Windic_March" title="Windic March">Windic March</a> were inherited by <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria">Rudolf the Founder</a> and added to <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carniola" title="Duchy of Carniola">Carniola</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria">Rudolf the Founder</a> died. He was succeeded by his younger brothers <a href="/wiki/Albert_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert III, Duke of Austria">Albert III with the Braid, Duke of Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Duke of Austria">Leopold III the Just, Duke of Austria</a>, ruling jointly as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">dukes</a> of Austria, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carniola" title="Duchy of Carniola">Carniola</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1368" title="1368">1368</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Just</a> expelled <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bavaria" title="Duchy of Bavaria">Bavarian</a> forces from <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">County of Tyrol</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>The citizens of <a href="/wiki/Freiburg_im_Breisgau" title="Freiburg im Breisgau">Freiburg im Breisgau</a> purchased their independence from the count of Freiburg and submitted to <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a> <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protection</a>. The city was added to <a href="/wiki/Further_Austria" title="Further Austria">Further Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1369" title="1369">1369</a></td> <td>3 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret,_Countess_of_Tyrol" title="Margaret, Countess of Tyrol">Margaret, Countess of Tyrol</a> died. <a href="/wiki/Albert_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert III, Duke of Austria">Albert with the Braid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Just</a> succeeded her jointly as <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">counts</a> of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">Tyrol</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1375" title="1375">1375</a></td> <td>December</td> <td>The mercenary <a href="/wiki/Gugler" title="Gugler">Gugler</a> army crossed the <a href="/wiki/Jura_Mountains" title="Jura Mountains">Jura Mountains</a> into <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a> territory. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1376" title="1376">1376</a></td> <td>January</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Gugler" title="Gugler">Gugler</a> were forced to retreat into <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert III, Duke of Austria">Albert with the Braid</a> agreed to <a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Just's</a> right to make separate treaties with foreign powers. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1379" title="1379">1379</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert III, Duke of Austria">Albert with the Braid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Just</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Neuberg" title="Treaty of Neuberg">Treaty of Neuberg</a> at <a href="/wiki/Neuberg_Abbey" title="Neuberg Abbey">Neuberg Abbey</a>, dividing their father's possessions. Albert and his descendants were to rule Austria, Leopold and his descendants <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Carinthia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carniola" title="Duchy of Carniola">Carniola</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">Tyrol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Further_Austria" title="Further Austria">Further Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friuli" title="Friuli">Friuli</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1382" title="1382">1382</a></td> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Free_City_of_Trieste" title="Imperial Free City of Trieste">Imperial Free City of Trieste</a> seceded from the <a href="/wiki/Patriarchate_of_Aquileia" title="Patriarchate of Aquileia">Patriarchate of Aquileia</a> and became part of <a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Just's</a> domains in exchange for his protection. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1386" title="1386">1386</a></td> <td>9 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sempach" title="Battle of Sempach">Battle of Sempach</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> force decisively defeated an invasion by <a href="/wiki/Leopold_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold III, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Just</a> at <a href="/wiki/Sempach" title="Sempach">Sempach</a>. Leopold was killed, along with a number of his <a href="/wiki/Vassal" title="Vassal">vassals</a>. He was succeeded by his young sons <a href="/wiki/William,_Duke_of_Austria" title="William, Duke of Austria">William the Courteous, Duke of Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leopold_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold IV, Duke of Austria">Leopold IV the Fat, Duke of Austria</a>, with his brother <a href="/wiki/Albert_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert III, Duke of Austria">Albert with the Braid</a> acting as <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1387" title="1387">1387</a></td> <td>11 March</td> <td>The citizens of <a href="/wiki/Glarus" title="Glarus">Glarus</a> declared themselves independent of Austrian rule. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1388" title="1388">1388</a></td> <td>9 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_N%C3%A4fels" title="Battle of Näfels">Battle of Näfels</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> forces decisively defeated an Austrian invasion of <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Glarus" title="Canton of Glarus">Glarus</a> at <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4fels" title="Näfels">Näfels</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1395" title="1395">1395</a></td> <td>29 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_III,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert III, Duke of Austria">Albert with the Braid</a> died. He was succeeded in his lands by his son <a href="/wiki/Albert_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert IV, Duke of Austria">Albert IV, Duke of Austria</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="15th_century">15th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 15th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1401" title="1401">1401</a></td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Appenzell_Wars" title="Appenzell Wars">Appenzell Wars</a></i>: A popular uprising took place in <a href="/wiki/Appenzell" title="Appenzell">Appenzell</a> against the rule of the <a href="/wiki/Prince-abbot" title="Prince-abbot">prince-abbot</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Gall" title="Abbey of Saint Gall">Abbey of Saint Gall</a>, an ally of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburgs</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1404" title="1404">1404</a></td> <td>14 September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Albert IV, Duke of Austria">Albert IV</a> died. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Austria by his young son <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert II the Magnanimous of Germany</a>, with his cousin <a href="/wiki/William,_Duke_of_Austria" title="William, Duke of Austria">William the Courteous</a> acting as <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1406" title="1406">1406</a></td> <td>15 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/William,_Duke_of_Austria" title="William, Duke of Austria">William the Courteous</a> died without heirs. He was succeeded in Upper Austria by <a href="/wiki/Leopold_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold IV, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Fat</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carinthia" title="Duchy of Carinthia">Carinthia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Carniola" title="Duchy of Carniola">Carniola</a> by another brother, <a href="/wiki/Ernest,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Ernest, Duke of Austria">Ernest the Iron, Duke of Austria</a>. Leopold ceded <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">Tyrol</a> to yet another brother, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick IV, Duke of Austria">Frederick IV of the Empty Pockets, Duke of Austria</a> and replaced William as regent for <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1411" title="1411">1411</a></td> <td>3 June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leopold_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Leopold IV, Duke of Austria">Leopold the Fat</a> died. His territories were divided between <a href="/wiki/Ernest,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Ernest, Duke of Austria">Ernest the Iron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick IV, Duke of Austria">Frederick of the Empty Pockets</a>. <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous</a> was granted his majority. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i>Appenzell Wars</i>: <a href="/wiki/Appenzell" title="Appenzell">Appenzell</a> signed a mutual defense treaty with <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Switzerland</a> to secure its independence from the <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Gall" title="Abbey of Saint Gall">Abbey of Saint Gall</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1419" title="1419">1419</a></td> <td>30 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hussite_Wars" title="Hussite Wars">Hussite Wars</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Hussites" title="Hussites">Hussite</a> procession led by the <a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">priest</a> <a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%BDelivsk%C3%BD" title="Jan Želivský">Jan Želivský</a> threw seven government officials, including the <a href="/wiki/Burgomaster" title="Burgomaster">burgomaster</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/New_Town_Hall_(Prague)" title="New Town Hall (Prague)">New Town Hall</a> in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, killing them. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1420" title="1420">1420</a></td> <td>23 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous</a> ordered the imprisonment and forcible conversion of the <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jews</a> in Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_V%C3%ADtkov_Hill" title="Battle of Vítkov Hill">Battle of Vítkov Hill</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusader</a> force including some Austrian soldiers laid siege fortifications on a hill outside <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 July</td> <td><i>Battle of Vítkov Hill</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusader</a> forces were surprised and routed, ending the siege. Several hundred were killed. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1421" title="1421">1421</a></td> <td>12 March</td> <td>Two hundred <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jews</a>, the last practicing in Austria, were burned at the stake outside <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1423" title="1423">1423</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in union with Hungary">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous's</a> father-in-law, appointed Albert <a href="/wiki/Margrave" title="Margrave">margrave</a> of <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Moravia" title="Margraviate of Moravia">Moravia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1424" title="1424">1424</a></td> <td>10 June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Ernest, Duke of Austria">Ernest the Iron</a> died. He was survived by six children including his young sons <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albert_VI,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Albert VI, Archduke of Austria">Albert VI, Archduke of Austria</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick IV, Duke of Austria">Frederick of the Empty Pockets</a> appointed himself <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> over Ernest's territories. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1431" title="1431">1431</a></td> <td>14 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Doma%C5%BElice" title="Battle of Domažlice">Battle of Domažlice</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> force, including some troops led by <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous</a>, was driven from its siege positions at <a href="/wiki/Doma%C5%BElice" title="Domažlice">Domažlice</a> and wiped out in the nearby <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Forest" title="Bohemian Forest">Bohemian Forest</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waidhofen" title="Battle of Waidhofen">Battle of Waidhofen</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Taborites" title="Taborites">Taborite</a> raiding party was attacked and defeated by Austrian and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> forces at <a href="/wiki/Waidhofen_an_der_Thaya" title="Waidhofen an der Thaya">Waidhofen an der Thaya</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1435" title="1435">1435</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> claimed his majority with the support of <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1436" title="1436">1436</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_VI,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Albert VI, Archduke of Austria">Albert VI</a> was granted his majority. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1437" title="1437">1437</a></td> <td>June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_peasant_revolt" title="Transylvanian peasant revolt">Transylvanian peasant revolt</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Peasant" title="Peasant">peasant</a> revolt broke out in eastern <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> following a demand by the local <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_L%C3%A9pes" title="György Lépes">György Lépes</a> that the locals pay several years' overdue <a href="/wiki/Tithe" title="Tithe">tithe</a> in a single lump sum in the new currency. </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> and <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in union with Hungary">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, died. <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous</a>, his son-in-law, succeeded him in Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia, though the <a href="/wiki/Hussites" title="Hussites">Hussite</a> <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobles</a> in Bohemia remained in open revolt. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1438" title="1438">1438</a></td> <td>January</td> <td><i>Transylvanian peasant revolt</i>: The last of the rebels, besieged in <a href="/wiki/Cluj-Napoca" title="Cluj-Napoca">Cluj-Napoca</a>, surrendered. </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 March</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1438_Imperial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1438 Imperial election">1438 Imperial election</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous</a> was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> at <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1439" title="1439">1439</a></td> <td>24 June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV,_Duke_of_Austria" title="Frederick IV, Duke of Austria">Frederick of the Empty Pockets</a> died. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Further_Austria" title="Further Austria">Further Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">count</a> of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">Tyrol</a> by his young son <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> acting as <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous</a> died at <a href="/wiki/Neszm%C3%A9ly" title="Neszmély">Neszmély</a> defending <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> against an <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> invasion. He was survived by two daughters and by his pregnant wife <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Luxembourg" title="Elizabeth of Luxembourg">Elizabeth of Luxembourg</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1440" title="1440">1440</a></td> <td>2 February</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1440_Imperial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1440 Imperial election">1440 Imperial election</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> at <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 February</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Luxembourg" title="Elizabeth of Luxembourg">Elizabeth of Luxembourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert the Magnanimous's</a> wife, gave birth to a son, <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus the Posthumous</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus</a> was crowned <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Crown_of_Hungary" title="Holy Crown of Hungary">Holy Crown of Hungary</a> by his mother in <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kesfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r" title="Székesfehérvár">Székesfehérvár</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 June</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Diet of Hungary</a> declared <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus's</a> coronation invalid. </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_III_of_Poland" title="Władysław III of Poland">Władysław III of Poland</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1385%E2%80%931569)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)">Poland</a>, was crowned <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> under the eye of the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Diet</a> at <a href="/wiki/Visegr%C3%A1d" title="Visegrád">Visegrád</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 November</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Z%C3%BCrich_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Zürich War">Old Zürich War</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Zürich">Zürich</a> was expelled from the <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Old Swiss Confederacy</a> due to a dispute over the succession in <a href="/wiki/Toggenburg" title="Toggenburg">Toggenburg</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Luxembourg" title="Elizabeth of Luxembourg">Elizabeth of Luxembourg</a> granted <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> guardianship over her son <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus</a>. In exchange, she received financial support to defend her son's claim to the throne of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> against <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_III_of_Poland" title="Władysław III of Poland">Władysław III of Poland</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1442" title="1442">1442</a></td> <td></td> <td><i>Old Zürich War</i>: <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Zürich">Zürich</a> concluded an alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 March</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hermannstadt" title="Battle of Hermannstadt">Battle of Hermannstadt</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> force was defeated by a numerically superior <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> force near <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A2ntimbru,_Alba" title="Sântimbru, Alba">Sântimbru, Alba</a> and force to withdraw. One of the Hungarian commanders, the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_L%C3%A9pes" title="György Lépes">György Lépes</a>, was captured and beheaded. </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Luxembourg" title="Elizabeth of Luxembourg">Elizabeth of Luxembourg</a>, mother to <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus the Posthumous</a>, died, possibly after having been poisoned. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1443" title="1443">1443</a></td> <td>1 January</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_Varna" title="Crusade of Varna">Crusade of Varna</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Eugene_IV" title="Pope Eugene IV">Pope Eugene IV</a> called for a <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusade</a> to expel the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_St._Jakob_an_der_Sihl" title="Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl">Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> army forced <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">imperial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Zürich">Zürich</a> forces to abandon a defensive position on the <i>Sihlfeld</i> outside of <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 November</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nish_(1443)" title="Battle of Nish (1443)">Battle of Nish (1443)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1385%E2%80%931569)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)">Polish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian</a> forces captured the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš">Niš</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 December</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zlatitsa" title="Battle of Zlatitsa">Battle of Zlatitsa</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1385%E2%80%931569)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)">Polish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian</a> armies were defeated near modern <a href="/wiki/Zlatitsa" title="Zlatitsa">Zlatitsa</a>, in a pass of the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Mountains" title="Balkan Mountains">Balkan Mountains</a>, halting their advance into <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> territory. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1444" title="1444">1444</a></td> <td>2 January</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kunovica" title="Battle of Kunovica">Battle of Kunovica</a></i>: An <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> army pursuing <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1385%E2%80%931569)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)">Polish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbian</a> forces after their retreat from <a href="/wiki/Zlatitsa" title="Zlatitsa">Zlatitsa</a> were ambushed and defeated in the shadow of <a href="/wiki/Suva_Planina" title="Suva Planina">Suva Planina</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 November</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Varna" title="Battle of Varna">Battle of Varna</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> decisively defeated an inferior <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1385%E2%80%931569)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)">Polish</a>-<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a>-Wallachian force at <a href="/wiki/Varna,_Bulgaria" title="Varna, Bulgaria">Varna</a>. <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_III_of_Poland" title="Władysław III of Poland">Władysław III of Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of Poland and claimant against <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus the Posthumous</a> to the throne of Hungary, was killed. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1445" title="1445">1445</a></td> <td>1 June</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Diet of Hungary</a> offered the throne of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> to <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus</a> on the condition that <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> release him and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Crown_of_Hungary" title="Holy Crown of Hungary">Holy Crown of Hungary</a> to their care. Frederick refused their terms and invaded. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1446" title="1446">1446</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a> was granted his majority. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 June</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a> accepted <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III's</a> guardianship over <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus</a> in exchange for a truce. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 June</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Diet of Hungary</a> elected <a href="/wiki/John_Hunyadi" title="John Hunyadi">John Hunyadi</a> governor of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> during <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus's</a> minority. </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 June</td> <td><i>Old Zürich War</i>: <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Zürich">Zürich</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Old Swiss Confederacy</a> agreed to an armistice. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1448" title="1448">1448</a></td> <td>17 February</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Concordat_of_Vienna" title="Concordat of Vienna">Concordat of Vienna</a>, recognizing the right of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> to appoint <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishops</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 September</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Hussites" title="Hussites">Hussite</a> rebel <a href="/wiki/George_of_Pod%C4%9Bbrady" title="George of Poděbrady">George of Poděbrady</a> captured the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> capital <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kosovo_(1448)" title="Battle of Kosovo (1448)">Battle of Kosovo (1448)</a></i>: An allied force of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1385%E2%80%931569)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)">Poles</a>, Wallachians and <a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavians</a> met a numerically superior <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> force on <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_field_(Kosovo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo field (Kosovo)">Kosovo field</a>, near modern <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Polje" title="Kosovo Polje">Kosovo Polje</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 October</td> <td><i>Battle of Kosovo (1448)</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> forces were dispersed after heavy losses. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1450" title="1450">1450</a></td> <td>22 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Hunyadi" title="John Hunyadi">John Hunyadi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> agreed that the latter would be <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus's</a> guardian until his eighteenth birthday, in defiance of local customs which granted majority at twelve or sixteen. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1451" title="1451">1451</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> recognized <a href="/wiki/George_of_Pod%C4%9Bbrady" title="George of Poděbrady">George of Poděbrady</a> as governor of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a> annexed the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Bregenz" title="County of Bregenz">County of Bregenz</a> and took the title <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">count</a> of Bregenz. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1452" title="1452">1452</a></td> <td>19 March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> was crowned <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Crown_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire">Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_V" title="Pope Nicholas V">Pope Nicholas V</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 September</td> <td>The Austrian <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a> forced <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> to renounce his guardianship of <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus</a> and allow him to enter <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> as its <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1453" title="1453">1453</a></td> <td>January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Hunyadi" title="John Hunyadi">John Hunyadi</a> resigned as governor of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> but remained in charge of collecting tax. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>In his capacity as <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> confirmed the authenticity of the <i><a href="/wiki/Privilegium_Maius" title="Privilegium Maius">Privilegium Maius</a></i> and raised <a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus the Posthumous</a> to <a href="/wiki/Archduke" title="Archduke">archduke</a> of Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus the Posthumous</a> was crowned <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1454" title="1454">1454</a></td> <td>2 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kru%C5%A1evac" title="Battle of Kruševac">Battle of Kruševac</a></i>: While <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> forces mobilized further north for an invasion of <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Despotate" title="Serbian Despotate">Serbia</a>, Serbian and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> forces surprised and defeated a smaller contingent at <a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%A1evac" title="Kruševac">Kruševac</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1456" title="1456">1456</a></td> <td>4 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1456)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1456)">Siege of Belgrade (1456)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> forces laid siege to what is now <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 July</td> <td><i>Siege of Belgrade (1456)</i>: A mostly <a href="/wiki/Peasant" title="Peasant">peasant</a> <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">crusader</a> force dispersed the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> army and forced their withdrawal to <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Hunyadi" title="John Hunyadi">John Hunyadi</a> died of plague at what is now <a href="/wiki/Zemun" title="Zemun">Zemun</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1457" title="1457">1457</a></td> <td>23 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_the_Posthumous" title="Ladislaus the Posthumous">Ladislaus the Posthumous</a> died of plague or leukemia in <a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albert_VI,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Albert VI, Archduke of Austria">Albert VI</a> claimed his inheritance. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1458" title="1458">1458</a></td> <td>24 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Hunyadi" title="John Hunyadi">John Hunyadi's</a> young son <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a> was unanimously elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">Hungarian nobility</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_of_Pod%C4%9Bbrady" title="George of Poděbrady">George of Poděbrady</a> was unanimously elected <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> estates. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_VI,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Albert VI, Archduke of Austria">Albert VI</a> conquered some territory from <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Upper_Austria" title="Upper Austria">Upper Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1460" title="1460">1460</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a> was <a href="/wiki/Excommunication_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Excommunication (Catholic Church)">excommunicated</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_II" title="Pope Pius II">Pope Pius II</a> over a territorial conflict with <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">cardinal</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_of_Cusa" title="Nicholas of Cusa">Nicholas of Cusa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Prince-bishop" title="Prince-bishop">prince-bishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bishopric_of_Brixen" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishopric of Brixen">Brixen</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1462" title="1462">1462</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_VI,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Albert VI, Archduke of Austria">Albert VI</a> supported an urban revolt in <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III's</a> capital <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, enabling him to take possession of what is now <a href="/wiki/Lower_Austria" title="Lower Austria">Lower Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1463" title="1463">1463</a></td> <td>19 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Peace_Treaty_of_Wiener_Neustadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace Treaty of Wiener Neustadt">Peace Treaty of Wiener Neustadt</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> released the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Crown_of_Hungary" title="Holy Crown of Hungary">Holy Crown of Hungary</a> to the Hungarian <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a> in exchange for eighty thousand <a href="/wiki/Florin" title="Florin">florins</a> and the promise that, if Matthias died without heirs, the throne would pass to Frederick or his son <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_VI,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Albert VI, Archduke of Austria">Albert VI</a> died. His conquests fell back to his older brother <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1468" title="1468">1468</a></td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Bohemian%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1468%E2%80%931478)" title="Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478)">Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a>, invaded <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> on the pretext of restoring it to <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1469" title="1469">1469</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a> sold some territories on the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> to <a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bold" title="Charles the Bold">Charles the Bold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Burgundy" title="Duke of Burgundy">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1473" title="1473">1473</a></td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Cologne_Diocesan_Feud" title="Cologne Diocesan Feud">Cologne Diocesan Feud</a></i>: The <i><a href="/wiki/Landst%C3%A4nde" title="Landstände">Landstände</a></i> of the <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Cologne" title="Electorate of Cologne">Electorate of Cologne</a> declared the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cologne" title="Archbishop of Cologne">archbishop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_of_the_Palatinate_(Archbishop_of_Cologne)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruprecht of the Palatinate (Archbishop of Cologne)">Ruprecht of the Palatinate</a>, deposed and elevated <a href="/wiki/Hermann_IV_of_Hesse" title="Hermann IV of Hesse">Hermann IV of Hesse</a> in his stead as <a href="/wiki/Diocesan_administrator" title="Diocesan administrator">diocesan administrator</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1474" title="1474">1474</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a> purchased the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Sonnenberg" title="County of Sonnenberg">County of Sonnenberg</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Neuss" title="Siege of Neuss">Siege of Neuss</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundian</a> forces laid siege to the <a href="/wiki/Free_imperial_city" title="Free imperial city">free imperial city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Neuss" title="Neuss">Neuss</a> as part of an invasion of <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Cologne" title="Electorate of Cologne">Cologne</a> in support of the deposed <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cologne" title="Archbishop of Cologne">archbishop</a> <a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_of_the_Palatinate_(Archbishop_of_Cologne)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruprecht of the Palatinate (Archbishop of Cologne)">Ruprecht of the Palatinate</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Burgundian_Wars" title="Burgundian Wars">Burgundian Wars</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a> joined <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Switzerland</a> in alliance against the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Duchy of Burgundy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 November</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_H%C3%A9ricourt" title="Battle of Héricourt">Battle of Héricourt</a></i>: An anti-<a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundian</a> alliance including some of <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria's</a> forces defeated the Duchy of Burgundy in battle. </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td><i>Burgundian Wars</i>: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI of France</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>, signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Andernach_(1474)" title="Treaty of Andernach (1474)">Treaty of Andernach</a>, under whose terms France joined the anti-<a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundian</a> alliance. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1475" title="1475">1475</a></td> <td>May</td> <td><i>Siege of Neuss</i>: The arrival of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III's</a> forces compelled the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Duchy of Burgundy</a> to lift the siege of <a href="/wiki/Neuss" title="Neuss">Neuss</a>. The Burgundian <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Burgundy" title="Duke of Burgundy">duke</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bold" title="Charles the Bold">Charles the Bold</a> promised the hand of his only child, <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Burgundy" title="Mary of Burgundy">Mary of Burgundy</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1477" title="1477">1477</a></td> <td>5 January</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nancy" title="Battle of Nancy">Battle of Nancy</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundian</a> army was surrounded and wiped out by <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Lorraine" title="Duchy of Lorraine">Lorrain</a> forces while besieging the Lorrain capital Nancy, now <a href="/wiki/Nancy,_France" title="Nancy, France">Nancy, France</a>. <a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bold" title="Charles the Bold">Charles the Bold</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Burgundy" title="Duke of Burgundy">duke</a> of Burgundy, was killed. </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 February</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/States_General_of_the_Netherlands" title="States General of the Netherlands">States General of the Netherlands</a> recognized <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Burgundy" title="Mary of Burgundy">Mary of Burgundy</a>, the daughter and only child of the deceased <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Burgundy" title="Duke of Burgundy">duke</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bold" title="Charles the Bold">Charles the Bold</a>, as ruler of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a> in exchange for her grant of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Privilege" title="Great Privilege">Great Privilege</a>, which restored the ancient rights and privileges of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Flanders" title="County of Flanders">Flanders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brabant" title="Duchy of Brabant">Brabant</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_of_Hainaut" title="County of Hainaut">Hainaut</a>, and <a href="/wiki/County_of_Holland" title="County of Holland">Holland</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> raised <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a> to an <a href="/wiki/Archduke" title="Archduke">archduke</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Burgundy" title="Mary of Burgundy">Mary of Burgundy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Burgundy" title="Duke of Burgundy">duchess regnant</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a>, married <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Austrian%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1477%E2%80%931488)" title="Austrian–Hungarian War (1477–1488)">Austrian–Hungarian War (1477–1488)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> invaded Austria as punishment for the latter's diplomatic support of <a href="/wiki/Hussites" title="Hussites">Hussite</a> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bohemian%E2%80%93Hungarian_War_(1468%E2%80%931478)" title="Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478)">Bohemian–Hungarian War</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1478" title="1478">1478</a></td> <td>March</td> <td><i>Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478)</i>: <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_II_of_Hungary" title="Vladislaus II of Hungary">Vladislaus II of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brno_(1478)" title="Treaty of Brno (1478)">Treaty of Brno</a>, ending the war. Vladislaus accepted Matthias's conquests in Bohemia. Each recognized the other's right to use the title king of Bohemia. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1479" title="1479">1479</a></td> <td>7 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guinegate_(1479)" title="Battle of Guinegate (1479)">Battle of Guinegate (1479)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundian</a> forces defeated a smaller <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> army at <a href="/wiki/Enguinegatte" title="Enguinegatte">Enguinegatte</a>, defending <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian's</a> claim against that of the French <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI of France</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1482" title="1482">1482</a></td> <td>27 March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Burgundy" title="Mary of Burgundy">Mary of Burgundy</a> died. <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip I the Handsome, the Fair of Castile</a>, her young son and <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian's</a>, succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Burgundy" title="Duke of Burgundy">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a>. Maximilian took over the rule of Burgundy as <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> for his son. </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hainburg" title="Siege of Hainburg">Siege of Hainburg</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> forces laid siege to the Austrian city of <a href="/wiki/Hainburg_an_der_Donau" title="Hainburg an der Donau">Hainburg an der Donau</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> renounced the <a href="/wiki/Great_Privilege" title="Great Privilege">Great Privilege</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 September</td> <td><i>Siege of Hainburg</i>: The garrison at <a href="/wiki/Hainburg_an_der_Donau" title="Hainburg an der Donau">Hainburg an der Donau</a> surrendered to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> besiegers. </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis_XI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XI of France">Louis XI of France</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Arras_(1482)" title="Treaty of Arras (1482)">Treaty of Arras</a>. Maximilian promised his daughter <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Austria,_Duchess_of_Savoy" title="Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy">Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Burgundy" title="County of Burgundy">County of Burgundy</a> to the <i><a href="/wiki/Dauphin_of_France" title="Dauphin of France">Dauphin</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII of France</a>. In exchange, Louis recognized <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome's</a> rule over the rump <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a>, consisting mostly of the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Flanders" title="County of Flanders">County of Flanders</a>, and Maximilian's <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regency</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1483" title="1483">1483</a></td> <td>5 June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Flemish_revolts_against_Maximilian_of_Austria" title="Flemish revolts against Maximilian of Austria">Flemish revolts against Maximilian of Austria</a></i>: The cities of <a href="/wiki/County_of_Flanders" title="County of Flanders">Flanders</a> established a <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regency council</a> for the young <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i>Austrian–Hungarian War (1477–1488)</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> advance into Austria forced <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> to flee <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> and establish his court at <a href="/wiki/Wiener_Neustadt" title="Wiener Neustadt">Wiener Neustadt</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1484" title="1484">1484</a></td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leitzersdorf" title="Battle of Leitzersdorf">Battle of Leitzersdorf</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> army forced a numerically superior Austrian force from the battlefield at <a href="/wiki/Leitzersdorf" title="Leitzersdorf">Leitzersdorf</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1485" title="1485">1485</a></td> <td>29 January</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vienna_(1485)" title="Siege of Vienna (1485)">Siege of Vienna (1485)</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> army laid siege to <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 June</td> <td><i>Siege of Vienna (1485)</i>: <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> surrendered to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> besiegers. The Hungarian <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a> entered the city and established his court there. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 July</td> <td><i>Flemish revolts against Maximilian of Austria</i>: The rebels released <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome</a> to his father <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1486" title="1486">1486</a></td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Wiener_Neustadt" title="Siege of Wiener Neustadt">Siege of Wiener Neustadt</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> forces laid siege to the Austrian city of <a href="/wiki/Wiener_Neustadt" title="Wiener Neustadt">Wiener Neustadt</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 February</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1486_Imperial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1486 Imperial election">1486 Imperial election</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III's</a> son <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> was elected to succeed him as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Guldengroschen" title="Guldengroschen">Guldengroschen</a>, a fine one-ounce silver coin, was first minted under <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Retz" title="Siege of Retz">Siege of Retz</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> army laid siege to the Austrian city of <a href="/wiki/Retz" title="Retz">Retz</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 October</td> <td><i>Siege of Retz</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a> entered the city. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1487" title="1487">1487</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> fled <a href="/wiki/Wiener_Neustadt" title="Wiener Neustadt">Wiener Neustadt</a> for <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a> took the title <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of Austria at a <a href="/wiki/Diet_(assembly)" title="Diet (assembly)">diet</a> of the Lower Austrian estates in <a href="/wiki/Ebenfurth" title="Ebenfurth">Ebenfurth</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 July</td> <td><i>Siege of Wiener Neustadt</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a> and the defenders of <a href="/wiki/Wiener_Neustadt" title="Wiener Neustadt">Wiener Neustadt</a> agreed that if <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">imperial</a> reinforcements arrived by August 16, the besiegers would withdraw; otherwise, the city would surrender. </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 August</td> <td><i>Siege of Wiener Neustadt</i>: <a href="/wiki/Wiener_Neustadt" title="Wiener Neustadt">Wiener Neustadt</a> surrendered to its <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> besiegers. </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td><i>Flemish revolts against Maximilian of Austria</i>: A second revolt against <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian's</a> rule over <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a> began, in <a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1488" title="1488">1488</a></td> <td>8 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> issued a decree establishing the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Navy" title="Royal Netherlands Navy">Royal Netherlands Navy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 February</td> <td>At the urging of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Swabian_League" title="Swabian League">Swabian League</a>, a mutual defense association of <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Estate" title="Imperial Estate">imperial estates</a>, was established at <a href="/wiki/Esslingen_am_Neckar" title="Esslingen am Neckar">Esslingen am Neckar</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 December</td> <td><i>Austrian–Hungarian War (1477–1488)</i>: Representatives of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> signed an armistice at <a href="/wiki/Sankt_P%C3%B6lten" title="Sankt Pölten">Sankt Pölten</a>, ending the war. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1489" title="1489">1489</a></td> <td>11 September</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_VIII" title="Pope Innocent VIII">Pope Innocent VIII</a> <a href="/wiki/Excommunication_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Excommunication (Catholic Church)">excommunicated</a> and deposed <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Naples" title="Ferdinand I of Naples">Ferdinand I of Naples</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a>, following his refusal to pay feudal dues and offered the kingdom to <a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII of France</a>, the king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>, who had a claim through descent from his grandfather. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1490" title="1490">1490</a></td> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tyrol" title="County of Tyrol">Tyrolean</a> <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a> forced <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Archduke_of_Austria" title="Sigismund, Archduke of Austria">Sigismund, Archduke of Austria</a> to abdicate in favor of <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 April</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Corvinus" title="Matthias Corvinus">Matthias Corvinus</a> died, probably from a stroke. He was survived by one child, his illegitimate son <a href="/wiki/John_Corvinus" title="John Corvinus">John Corvinus</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_II_of_Hungary" title="Vladislaus II of Hungary">Vladislaus II of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Hungarian diet</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1491" title="1491">1491</a></td> <td>7 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_II_of_Hungary" title="Vladislaus II of Hungary">Vladislaus II of Hungary</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a>, signed the <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Pressburg_(1491)" title="Peace of Pressburg (1491)">Peace of Pressburg</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a>. Vladislaus renounced Hungary's conquests in Austria and promised the throne to Maximilian in the event of his death without heirs. In return, Maximilian recognized Vladislaus's rule in Hungary. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII of France</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>, married <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Brittany" title="Anne of Brittany">Anne of Brittany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duchess</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brittany" title="Duchy of Brittany">Brittany</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1492" title="1492">1492</a></td> <td></td> <td><i>Flemish revolts against Maximilian of Austria</i>: The second revolt was suppressed. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1493" title="1493">1493</a></td> <td>May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII of France</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>, signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Senlis" title="Treaty of Senlis">Treaty of Senlis</a> at <a href="/wiki/Senlis" title="Senlis">Senlis</a>, under whose terms the French king returned the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundian</a> territories he had won by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Arras_(1482)" title="Treaty of Arras (1482)">Treaty of Arras</a>. <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome</a> was granted his majority and became ruler of the disputed territories. </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a> bled to death following the amputation of his infected left leg. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1494" title="1494">1494</a></td> <td>25 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Naples" title="Ferdinand I of Naples">Ferdinand I of Naples</a> died of colorectal cancer. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a> by his son <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_II_of_Naples" title="Alfonso II of Naples">Alfonso II of Naples</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> married <a href="/wiki/Bianca_Maria_Sforza" title="Bianca Maria Sforza">Bianca Maria Sforza</a>, the niece of <a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Sforza" title="Ludovico Sforza">Ludovico Sforza</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a>, receiving a dowry of four hundred thousand <a href="/wiki/Ducat" title="Ducat">ducats</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gian_Galeazzo_Sforza" title="Gian Galeazzo Sforza">Gian Galeazzo Sforza</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a>, died, probably poisoned on the orders of his uncle and <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> <a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Sforza" title="Ludovico Sforza">Ludovico Sforza</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ludovico_Sforza" title="Ludovico Sforza">Ludovico Sforza</a> was crowned <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a> over the objection of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_II_of_Naples" title="Alfonso II of Naples">Alfonso II of Naples</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a>, who claimed the duchy by his daughter's marriage to the previous duke <a href="/wiki/Gian_Galeazzo_Sforza" title="Gian Galeazzo Sforza">Gian Galeazzo Sforza</a>. Ludovico Sforza invited <a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII of France</a>, the king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>, to pass through Milanese territory on the way to a planned invasion of Naples. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1495" title="1495">1495</a></td> <td>2 February</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Worms_(1495)" title="Diet of Worms (1495)">Diet of Worms (1495)</a></i>: A session of the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> opened at <a href="/wiki/Worms,_Germany" title="Worms, Germany">Worms, Germany</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>February</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Italian_War_of_1494%E2%80%931498" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian War of 1494–1498">Italian War of 1494–1498</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> forces conquered the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Neapolitan</a> capital <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>31 March</td> <td><i>Italian War of 1494–1498</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> established the League of Venice, an anti-<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> military alliance. </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 August</td> <td><i>Diet of Worms (1495)</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Diet</a> concluded with the publication of three major reforms to the constitution of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. The <i><a href="/wiki/Ewiger_Landfriede" title="Ewiger Landfriede">Ewiger Landfriede</a></i> banned the use of violence to resolve disputes between the lesser <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a>. The <i><a href="/wiki/Reichskammergericht" title="Reichskammergericht">Reichskammergericht</a></i>, a permanent high court which heard civil cases, was established. The <a href="/wiki/Common_Penny" title="Common Penny">Common Penny</a>, a tax reform, was passed, which established a <a href="/wiki/Poll_tax" title="Poll tax">poll tax</a>, <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income tax</a> and <a href="/wiki/Property_tax" title="Property tax">property tax</a> on all residents of the Empire. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1496" title="1496">1496</a></td> <td></td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jews</a> were expelled from <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Styria" title="Duchy of Styria">Styria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiener_Neustadt" title="Wiener Neustadt">Wiener Neustadt</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome</a> married <a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna of Castile</a>, the third child of <a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella I of Castile</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Queen_regnant" title="Queen regnant">queen regnant</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1497" title="1497">1497</a></td> <td>4 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="John, Prince of Asturias">John, Prince of Asturias</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a> to the thrones of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a>, died without issue. His older sister <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Aragon,_Queen_of_Portugal" title="Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal">Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal</a> succeeded as heir apparent. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1498" title="1498">1498</a></td> <td>7 April</td> <td><i>Italian War of 1494–1498</i>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII of France</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>, died, probably from an epidural hematoma after bumping his head on a doorframe, effectively ending the war. </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Aragon,_Queen_of_Portugal" title="Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal">Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a> to the thrones of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a>, died giving birth to a son, <a href="/wiki/Miguel_da_Paz,_Prince_of_Portugal" title="Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal">Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal</a>, who became the new heir to the two thrones. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1499" title="1499">1499</a></td> <td>20 January</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Swabian_War" title="Swabian War">Swabian War</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Imperial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swabian_League" title="Swabian League">Swabian League</a> forces occupied the <a href="/wiki/Val_M%C3%BCstair" title="Val Müstair">Val Müstair</a>, a strategically important pass in the <a href="/wiki/Three_Leagues" title="Three Leagues">Three Leagues</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 February</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hard" title="Battle of Hard">Battle of Hard</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> force routed a <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> army at <a href="/wiki/Hard,_Austria" title="Hard, Austria">Hard, Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 March</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bruderholz" title="Battle of Bruderholz">Battle of Bruderholz</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Swabian_League" title="Swabian League">Swabian League</a> raiding party was surprised and defeated by a numerically inferior <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> force near <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schwaderloh" title="Battle of Schwaderloh">Battle of Schwaderloh</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> surprised and defeated a significantly larger <a href="/wiki/Swabian_League" title="Swabian League">Swabian League</a> force as they burned and looted the area around <a href="/wiki/Triboltingen" title="Triboltingen">Triboltingen</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Frastanz" title="Battle of Frastanz">Battle of Frastanz</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> troops flanked a <a href="/wiki/Swabian_League" title="Swabian League">Swabian</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Letzi" title="Letzi">Letzi</a></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Montafon" title="Montafon">Montafon</a> and drove out their forces. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Calven" title="Battle of Calven">Battle of Calven</a></i>: An Austrian force in the <a href="/wiki/Val_M%C3%BCstair" title="Val Müstair">Val Müstair</a> was attacked simultaneously in the front and rear by <a href="/wiki/Three_Leagues" title="Three Leagues">Three Leagues</a> forces. Nearly half were killed, and the rest fled. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dornach" title="Battle of Dornach">Battle of Dornach</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss</a> force dispersed a division of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> near <a href="/wiki/Dornach" title="Dornach">Dornach</a>, with heavy losses on both sides. The Imperial commander was killed. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 September</td> <td><i>Swabian War</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Swabian_League" title="Swabian League">Swabian League</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Old Swiss Confederacy">Old Swiss Confederacy</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Basel_(1499)" title="Treaty of Basel (1499)">Treaty of Basel</a>, ending the war. An <a href="/wiki/Imperial_ban" title="Imperial ban">imperial ban</a> placed on the Swiss cantons following their refusal to pay the <a href="/wiki/Common_Penny" title="Common Penny">Common Penny</a> was revoked. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1500" title="1500">1500</a></td> <td></td> <td>An <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> at <a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a> established six <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Circle" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Circle">imperial circles</a>, administrative divisions over many of the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Estate" title="Imperial Estate">states</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, in order to better organize military forces and tax collection in the Empire. It also established an <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Government" title="Imperial Government">Imperial Government</a>, a permanent government seated at <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a> composed of representatives of twenty <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Princes of the Holy Roman Empire">princes</a> of the Empire. </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 July</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Miguel_da_Paz,_Prince_of_Portugal" title="Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal">Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal</a>, the infant heir to the thrones of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a>, died. His aunt <a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna of Castile</a> became the new <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="16th_century">16th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 16th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1502" title="1502">1502</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> dissolved the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Government" title="Imperial Government">Imperial Government</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1504" title="1504">1504</a></td> <td>26 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella I of Castile</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Queen_regnant" title="Queen regnant">queen</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a>, died. She was succeeded by her daughter, <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome's</a> wife, <a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna of Castile</a>. The Castilian nobility refused the regency of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a>, Isabella's widower and father to the purportedly mentally ill Joanna, and summoned Philip to take the throne. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1506" title="1506">1506</a></td> <td>January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome</a> was shipwrecked off the coast of <a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a> on his way to claim the throne of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> and taken into the custody of <a href="/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England" title="Henry VII of England">Henry VII of England</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 April</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England" title="Henry VII of England">Henry VII of England</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>, signed the <i><a href="/wiki/Malus_Intercursus" title="Malus Intercursus">Malus Intercursus</a></i>, under which the former agreed to return to the latter all <a href="/wiki/House_of_York" title="House of York">Yorkist</a> fugitives in <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a> and to open Burgundy completely to English trade in textiles. </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Villaf%C3%A1fila" title="Treaty of Villafáfila">Treaty of Villafáfila</a>, under which he recognized the incapacity of his wife <a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna of Castile</a>, and was recognized in turn by his father-in-law <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a>, as <i><a href="/wiki/Jure_uxoris" title="Jure uxoris">jure uxoris</a></i> king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> and lord of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_West_Indies" title="Spanish West Indies">Spanish West Indies</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome</a> died of typhoid at <a href="/wiki/Burgos" title="Burgos">Burgos</a>. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Duke" title="Duke">duke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a> by his young son <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a>, with the support of <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros" title="Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros">Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">archbishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Toledo" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toledo">Toledo</a>, became <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> for his daughter <a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna of Castile</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1507" title="1507">1507</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> appointed his daughter <a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_Austria,_Duchess_of_Savoy" title="Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy">Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy</a> <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Netherlands" title="Habsburg Netherlands">Netherlands</a> for the young <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1508" title="1508">1508</a></td> <td>February</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_Cambrai" title="War of the League of Cambrai">War of the League of Cambrai</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> invaded <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a> with the aim of reconquering the <a href="/wiki/Romagna" title="Romagna">Romagna</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 February</td> <td>Unable to reach <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, and with the consent of the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Julius_II" title="Pope Julius II">Pope Julius II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> took the title elected <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> at <a href="/wiki/Trento" title="Trento">Trento</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 December</td> <td><i>War of the League of Cambrai</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a> concluded a military alliance for the destruction and partition of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a>. The <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a> would receive <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vicenza" title="Vicenza">Vicenza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Padua" title="Padua">Padua</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friuli" title="Friuli">Friuli</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1509" title="1509">1509</a></td> <td>February</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna of Castile</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Queen_regnant" title="Queen regnant">queen</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a>, was sequestered in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Convent_of_Santa_Clara" title="Royal Convent of Santa Clara">Royal Convent of Santa Clara</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tordesillas" title="Tordesillas">Tordesillas</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td><i>War of the League of Cambrai</i>: Following the collapse of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetian</a> army at the hands of the French, forces of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> entered the territory granted to them under the partition. </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 July</td> <td><i>War of the League of Cambrai</i>: A revolt in <a href="/wiki/Padua" title="Padua">Padua</a> expelled the garrison of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and returned the city to <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetian</a> control. </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Padua" title="Siege of Padua">Siege of Padua</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> forces laid siege to <a href="/wiki/Padua" title="Padua">Padua</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 September</td> <td><i>Siege of Padua</i>: Unable to pay his mercenaries, <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> lifted the siege. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1511" title="1511">1511</a></td> <td>October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> joined <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a> in a military alliance against the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a></td> <td>16 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Spurs" title="Battle of the Spurs">Battle of the Spurs</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> forces attempting to break an <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> siege of <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9rouanne" title="Thérouanne">Thérouanne</a> were met by the besiegers at modern <a href="/wiki/Enguinegatte" title="Enguinegatte">Enguinegatte</a> and routed with heavy casualties. </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Motta_(1513)" title="Battle of La Motta (1513)">Battle of La Motta (1513)</a></i>: An <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragonese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> force decisively defeated a <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetian</a> attack at <a href="/wiki/Schio" title="Schio">Schio</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1515" title="1515">1515</a></td> <td>22 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/First_Congress_of_Vienna" title="First Congress of Vienna">First Congress of Vienna</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip the Handsome's</a> younger son <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor</a> married <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Bohemia_and_Hungary" title="Anne of Bohemia and Hungary">Anne of Bohemia and Hungary</a>, the eldest child of <a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_II_of_Hungary" title="Vladislaus II of Hungary">Vladislaus II of Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in union with Hungary">Croatia</a>. Philip's daughter <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Hungary_(governor_of_the_Netherlands)" title="Mary of Hungary (governor of the Netherlands)">Mary of Hungary</a> married Vladislaus's other child, his son <a href="/wiki/Louis_II_of_Hungary" title="Louis II of Hungary">Louis II of Hungary</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1516" title="1516">1516</a></td> <td>23 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand II of Aragon</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a>, died. He was succeeded in Aragon, <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Catalonia" title="Principality of Catalonia">Catalonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Valencia" title="Kingdom of Valencia">Valencia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Sardinia</a> by his daughter <a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna of Castile</a> and as regent of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jim%C3%A9nez_de_Cisneros" title="Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros">Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">archbishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Toledo" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toledo">Toledo</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> was proclaimed <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a> and the Aragonese kingdoms <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Valencia" title="Kingdom of Valencia">Valencia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia" title="Kingdom of Sardinia">Sardinia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince" title="Prince">prince</a> of <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Catalonia" title="Principality of Catalonia">Catalonia</a> ruling jointly with his mother <a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna of Castile</a>, who remained imprisoned. </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 March</td> <td>A rebellion by <a href="/wiki/John_III_of_Navarre" title="John III of Navarre">John III of Navarre</a>, the deposed <i><a href="/wiki/Jure_uxoris" title="Jure uxoris">jure uxoris</a></i> <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Navarre</a>, against the rule of <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> was defeated. </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 March</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_II_of_Hungary" title="Vladislaus II of Hungary">Vladislaus II of Hungary</a> died. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungary</a> and <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in union with Hungary">Croatia</a> by his son <a href="/wiki/Louis_II_of_Hungary" title="Louis II of Hungary">Louis II of Hungary</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 August</td> <td><i>War of the League of Cambrai</i>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>, signed the Treaty of Noyon, under which the former accepted France's conquests in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">Northern Italy</a> and the latter recognized <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain's</a> possessions in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Italy" title="Southern Italy">Southern Italy</a>. Charles further agreed to an audience with <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Navarre" title="Catherine of Navarre">Catherine of Navarre</a>, the deposed <a href="/wiki/Queen_regnant" title="Queen regnant">queen</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Navarre</a>, regarding the restoration of her territories. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1517" title="1517">1517</a></td> <td>31 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a>, a professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenberg, now part of the <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_University_of_Halle-Wittenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg">Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg</a>, published the <i><a href="/wiki/Ninety-five_Theses" title="Ninety-five Theses">Ninety-five Theses</a></i>, which criticized the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Church</a> practice of selling <a href="/wiki/Indulgence" title="Indulgence">indulgences</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1518" title="1518">1518</a></td> <td>February</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castilian</a> <i>Cortes</i> accepted <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> in exchange for his promise to learn <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> and to refrain from taking precious metals out of Castile or appointing foreign officers. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1519" title="1519">1519</a></td> <td>12 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian</a> died. He was succeeded as <a href="/wiki/Archduke" title="Archduke">archduke</a> of Austria by <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Brotherhoods" title="Revolt of the Brotherhoods">Revolt of the Brotherhoods</a></i>: A council consisting of one representative from each of the thirteen <i><a href="/wiki/Germania_(guild)" title="Germania (guild)">Germanies</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Valencia" title="Kingdom of Valencia">Valencia</a> expelled the municipal government of <a href="/wiki/Valencia,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Valencia, Spain">Valencia, Spain</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1519_Imperial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1519 Imperial election">1519 Imperial election</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1520" title="1520">1520</a></td> <td>16 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Comuneros" title="Revolt of the Comuneros">Revolt of the Comuneros</a></i>: Rioters in <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo, Spain</a>, opposed to <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles'</a> election as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a> and his burdensome tax policy, expelled his appointed city councilors and elected a citizens' committee. </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> left <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> for Germany to accept his election as <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>, leaving <a href="/wiki/Pope_Adrian_VI" title="Pope Adrian VI">Pope Adrian VI</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Grand_Inquisitor" title="Grand Inquisitor">Grand Inquisitor</a> of Castile and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a>, in charge in Spain. </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 June</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_X" title="Pope Leo X">Pope Leo X</a> issued the <a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">papal bull</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Exsurge_Domine" title="Exsurge Domine">Exsurge Domine</a></i>, calling on <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> to recant the <i><a href="/wiki/Ninety-five_Theses" title="Ninety-five Theses">Ninety-five Theses</a></i> or face <a href="/wiki/Excommunication_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Excommunication (Catholic Church)">excommunication</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="12" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1521" title="1521">1521</a></td> <td>28 January</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Worms" title="Diet of Worms">Diet of Worms</a></i>: An <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> convened at <a href="/wiki/Worms,_Germany" title="Worms, Germany">Worms, Germany</a> to address the writings of <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i>Diet of Worms</i>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> abdicated as <a href="/wiki/Archduke" title="Archduke">archduke</a> of Austria in favor of his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villalar" title="Battle of Villalar">Battle of Villalar</a></i>: Forces loyal to <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a>, in command of superior cavalry and firepower, dispersed a force of rebel comuneros at <a href="/wiki/Villalar_de_los_Comuneros" title="Villalar de los Comuneros">Villalar de los Comuneros</a> and captured their leaders. </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>A force of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Navarrese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gascony" title="Gascony">Gascon</a> exiles led by <a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_Navarre" title="Henry II of Navarre">Henry II of Navarre</a>, son of the deposed <a href="/wiki/Queen_regnant" title="Queen regnant">queen</a> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Navarre" title="Catherine of Navarre">Catherine of Navarre</a>, invaded Navarre from <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 May</td> <td><i>Diet of Worms</i>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> issued the Edict of Worms, making outlaws of <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> and anyone who would harbor him or defend his writings. </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Italian_War_of_1521%E2%80%931526" title="Italian War of 1521–1526">Italian War of 1521–1526</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Army_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Army (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Army</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> invaded northern <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_No%C3%A1in" title="Battle of Noáin">Battle of Noáin</a></i>: The bulk of the army dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Navarrese</a> independence under <a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_Navarre" title="Henry II of Navarre">Henry II of Navarre</a> was defeated by a vastly superior <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castilian</a>-<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragonese</a> force. </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Almenara_(1521)" title="Battle of Almenara (1521)">Battle of Almenara (1521)</a></i>: Forces of the rebel <i><a href="/wiki/Germania_(guild)" title="Germania (guild)">Germanies</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Valencia" title="Kingdom of Valencia">Valencia</a> were defeated by a royal army at <a href="/wiki/Almenara,_Castell%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Almenara, Castellón">Almenara, Castellón</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oriola_(1521)" title="Battle of Oriola (1521)">Battle of Oriola (1521)</a></i>: The <i><a href="/wiki/Germania_(guild)" title="Germania (guild)">Germanies</a></i>, now riven by internal dissent, were decisively defeated by a royal army at <a href="/wiki/Orihuela" title="Orihuela">Orihuela</a>, suffering two thousand dead. </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 October</td> <td><i>Revolt of the Comuneros</i>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> agreed to respect the lives and property of the remaining comuneros in <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo, Spain</a> in exchange for their surrender. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 November</td> <td><i>Revolt of the Brotherhoods</i>: <a href="/wiki/Valencia,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Valencia, Spain">Valencia, Spain</a> was reconquered by <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Valencia" title="Kingdom of Valencia">Valencian</a> royal forces. </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 November</td> <td><i>Italian War of 1521–1526</i>: <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII of England</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_X" title="Pope Leo X">Pope Leo X</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a>, joined a treaty of alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> against <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1522" title="1522">1522</a></td> <td>27 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bicocca" title="Battle of Bicocca">Battle of Bicocca</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> force of <a href="/wiki/Swiss_mercenaries" title="Swiss mercenaries">Swiss mercenaries</a> advancing under heavy artillery fire failed to dislodge <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> forces from <a href="/wiki/Bicocca_(district_of_Milan)" title="Bicocca (district of Milan)">Bicocca</a> in <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1523" title="1523">1523</a></td> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Fuenterrab%C3%ADa_(1523%E2%80%931524)" title="Siege of Fuenterrabía (1523–1524)">Siege of Fuenterrabía (1523–1524)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castilian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragonese</a> forces laid siege to <a href="/wiki/Hondarribia" title="Hondarribia">Hondarribia</a>, where remained forces loyal to <a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_Navarre" title="Henry II of Navarre">Henry II of Navarre</a> and to the independence of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Navarre</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Italian_campaign_of_1524%E2%80%9325" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian campaign of 1524–25">Italian campaign of 1524–25</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a> crossed the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> into <a href="/wiki/Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">Northern Italy</a> at the head of army forty thousand strong. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1524" title="1524">1524</a></td> <td></td> <td><i>Siege of Fuenterrabía (1523–1524)</i>: The occupants of the castle at <a href="/wiki/Hondarribia" title="Hondarribia">Hondarribia</a> surrendered to the besiegers. </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Sesia_(1524)" title="Battle of the Sesia (1524)">Battle of the Sesia (1524)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> forces intercepted and decisively defeated a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> force withdrawing from <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1525" title="1525">1525</a></td> <td>24 February</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pavia" title="Battle of Pavia">Battle of Pavia</a></i>: After a precipitate attack, a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> force was surrounded and destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> artillery at <a href="/wiki/Visconti_Park" title="Visconti Park">Visconti Park</a>. The French <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a> was captured. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="9" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1526" title="1526">1526</a></td> <td>14 January</td> <td><i>Italian War of 1521–1526</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a>, in captivity in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a>, signed a treaty under which Francis renounced all his claims in <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artois" title="Artois">Artois</a>, surrendered <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a> to Charles, and agreed to withdraw his support from <a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_Navarre" title="Henry II of Navarre">Henry II of Navarre</a>, claimant to the throne of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Navarre</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 February</td> <td>A group of <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a> <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Princes of the Holy Roman Empire">princes</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> concluded the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Torgau" title="League of Torgau">League of Torgau</a>, a mutual agreement not to abide by the Edict of Worms, at <a href="/wiki/Torgau" title="Torgau">Torgau</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 May</td> <td>The pope <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VII" title="Pope Clement VII">Pope Clement VII</a> released <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I of France</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a>, from his obligations under the Treaty of Madrid, which he had signed under duress, and concluded an anti-<a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a> alliance which also included <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Florence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Speyer_(1526)" title="Diet of Speyer (1526)">Diet of Speyer (1526)</a></i>: An <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> convened at <a href="/wiki/Speyer" title="Speyer">Speyer</a> to address the rise of <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 August</td> <td><i>Diet of Speyer (1526)</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> unanimously suspended the Edict of Worms, which had placed a death sentence on <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> and his followers, until a council could be convened to resolve the dispute between Luther and the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs" title="Battle of Mohács">Battle of Mohács</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Hungarian</a> army met an <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> invasion at <a href="/wiki/Moh%C3%A1cs" title="Mohács">Mohács</a>. After breaking the Hungarian left flank, the Ottoman army surrounded and destroyed the Hungarian and killed <a href="/wiki/Louis_II_of_Hungary" title="Louis II of Hungary">Louis II of Hungary</a>, the <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of Hungary and <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 October</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> <a href="/wiki/Diet_(assembly)" title="Diet (assembly)">diet</a> elected <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a> <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Voivode_of_Transylvania" title="Voivode of Transylvania">voivode</a> of Transylvania, was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Diet</a> at <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kesfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r" title="Székesfehérvár">Székesfehérvár</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 December</td> <td>A rump <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Diet</a> elected <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a> at <a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1527" title="1527">1527</a></td> <td>1 January</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Election_in_Cetin" class="mw-redirect" title="Election in Cetin">Election in Cetin</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in union with Hungary">Croatian</a> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_nobility" title="Croatian nobility">nobility</a> unanimously elected <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a> <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> at <a href="/wiki/Cetin_Castle" title="Cetin Castle">Cetin Castle</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_campaign_of_1527%E2%80%931528" title="Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528">Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a> invaded <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a> to press his claim to the throne against <a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya</a>, then tied up suppressing a rebellion in the country's south. </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_Cognac" title="War of the League of Cognac">War of the League of Cognac</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> joined the anti-<a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a> League of Cognac. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sz%C5%91l%C5%91s" title="Battle of Szőlős">Battle of Szőlős</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serb</a> commander <a href="/wiki/Jovan_Nenad" title="Jovan Nenad">Jovan Nenad</a> defeated an army loyal to <a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya</a>, the claimant against <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a> to the throne of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Seleu%C8%99" title="Seleuș">Seleuș</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Rome_(1527)" title="Sack of Rome (1527)">Sack of Rome (1527)</a></i>: After the failure of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> to pay them, the <a href="/wiki/Landsknecht" title="Landsknecht">Landsknechte</a> mutinied, sacked <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> and forced the <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VII" title="Pope Clement VII">Pope Clement VII</a> to fortify himself inside the <a href="/wiki/Castel_Sant%27Angelo" title="Castel Sant'Angelo">Castel Sant'Angelo</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 June</td> <td><i>Sack of Rome (1527)</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VII" title="Pope Clement VII">Pope Clement VII</a> surrendered to his besiegers, promising four hundred thousand <a href="/wiki/Ducat" title="Ducat">ducati</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Landsknecht" title="Landsknecht">Landsknechte</a> and the cities of <a href="/wiki/Parma" title="Parma">Parma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piacenza" title="Piacenza">Piacenza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civitavecchia" title="Civitavecchia">Civitavecchia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Modena" title="Modena">Modena</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> in exchange for his life. </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sz%C5%91dfalva" title="Battle of Sződfalva">Battle of Sződfalva</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serb</a> commander <a href="/wiki/Jovan_Nenad" title="Jovan Nenad">Jovan Nenad</a> was defeated and killed by a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungarian</a> army of <a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tarcal" title="Battle of Tarcal">Battle of Tarcal</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand's</a> partisans routed an army led by <a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya</a>, his rival claimant to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungarian</a> throne. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1528" title="1528">1528</a></td> <td>20 March</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Szina" title="Battle of Szina">Battle of Szina</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand's</a> forces decisively defeated the army of <a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya</a>, his rival in the struggle for the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungarian</a> succession. Zápolya was forced to flee into <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1385%E2%80%931569)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)">Poland</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Naples_(1528)" title="Siege of Naples (1528)">Siege of Naples (1528)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> and allied forces laid siege by land and sea to <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a>, capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragonese</a> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">kingdom of Naples</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Capo_d%27Orso" title="Battle of Capo d'Orso">Battle of Capo d'Orso</a></i>: In a four-hour battle, a <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Spain" title="Habsburg Spain">Spanish</a> fleet attempting to break the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> blockade of <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> was decisively defeated, losing nine ships and over a thousand men. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td><i>Siege of Naples (1528)</i>: The League of Cognac abandoned the siege due to an outbreak of disease and were intercepted by <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> forces during their retreat </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="10" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1529" title="1529">1529</a></td> <td>15 March</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Speyer_(1529)" title="Diet of Speyer (1529)">Diet of Speyer (1529)</a></i>: An <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> was convened at <a href="/wiki/Speyer" title="Speyer">Speyer</a> to address <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> gains in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and the rise of <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a>, on behalf of his brother <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a>, called for the reinstatement of the ban on <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> and his followers and condemned the religious innovations that had taken place in the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Estates" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Estates">Imperial Estates</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Protestation_at_Speyer" title="Protestation at Speyer">Protestation at Speyer</a></i>: Six <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Princes of the Holy Roman Empire">princes</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and the representatives of fourteen <a href="/wiki/Free_imperial_city" title="Free imperial city">free imperial cities</a> issued a letter to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Diet_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Imperial Diet (Holy Roman Empire)">Imperial Diet</a> declaring their refusal to accept its authority in spiritual matters. </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Suleiman_I%27s_campaign_of_1529" title="Suleiman I's campaign of 1529">Suleiman I's campaign of 1529</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> invaded <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a> in support of <a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya's</a> claim to the throne against <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 June</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landriano" title="Battle of Landriano">Battle of Landriano</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Spain" title="Habsburg Spain">Spanish</a> force destroyed the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> army in <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italy</a> at <a href="/wiki/Landriano" title="Landriano">Landriano</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 August</td> <td><i>War of the League of Cognac</i>: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">France</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> signed a treaty at <a href="/wiki/Cambrai" title="Cambrai">Cambrai</a> ending the former's participation in the war and affirming its 1526 cession of <a href="/wiki/Artois" title="Artois">Artois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tournai" title="Tournai">Tournai</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td><i>War of the League of Cognac</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_VII" title="Pope Clement VII">Pope Clement VII</a> signed a treaty at <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a> with <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a>, ending their conflict. Clement received the cities of <a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cervia" title="Cervia">Cervia</a> and in exchange agreed to crown Charles <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> and to join him in the overthrow of the <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republican</a> government in <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Florence</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 September</td> <td><i>Suleiman I's campaign of 1529</i>: <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> forces captured <a href="/wiki/Buda" title="Buda">Buda</a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya</a> was again crowned <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vienna_(1529)" title="Siege of Vienna (1529)">Siege of Vienna</a></i>: Some hundred thousand <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> soldiers led by the <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">sultan</a> <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a> laid siege to the Austrian capital <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 October</td> <td><i>Siege of Vienna</i>: Following the failure of a massive assault on the city and several weeks of bad weather, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> forces withdrew from <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Florence_(1529%E2%80%9330)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Florence (1529–30)">Siege of Florence (1529–30)</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Habsburg_Spain" title="Habsburg Spain">Spanish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">papal</a> forces made camp outside of <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1530" title="1530">1530</a></td> <td></td> <td><i>Siege of Florence (1529–30)</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> took the city of <a href="/wiki/Volterra" title="Volterra">Volterra</a>, cutting off <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence's</a> primary supply line. </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gavinana" title="Battle of Gavinana">Battle of Gavinana</a></i>: After some early successes against forces of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Florentine</a> army was beaten and destroyed by their reinforcements. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1531" title="1531">1531</a></td> <td>5 January</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1531_Imperial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1531 Imperial election">1531 Imperial election</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a> was elected <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Prince-elector" title="Prince-elector">prince-electors</a> agreed to elect <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles's</a> preferred candidate, his young son <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II of Spain</a>, to succeed Ferdinand. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 February</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philip_I,_Landgrave_of_Hesse" title="Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse">Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Landgrave" title="Landgrave">landgrave</a> of <a href="/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Hesse" title="Landgraviate of Hesse">Hesse</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Frederick_I,_Elector_of_Saxony" title="John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony">John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Prince-elector" title="Prince-elector">elector</a> of <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Saxony" title="Electorate of Saxony">Saxony</a>, established the <a href="/wiki/Schmalkaldic_League" title="Schmalkaldic League">Schmalkaldic League</a>, a mutual defense treaty of <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> princes against the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1532" title="1532">1532</a></td> <td>5 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_G%C3%BCns" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Güns">Siege of Güns</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> forces laid siege to <a href="/wiki/K%C5%91szeg" title="Kőszeg">Kőszeg</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungarian</a> town loyal to <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a>, on the border of Austria. </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 August</td> <td><i>Siege of Güns</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> army withdrew into eastern <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a> following the failure of the siege and the mustering of a formidable <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> army in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leobersdorf" title="Battle of Leobersdorf">Battle of Leobersdorf</a></i>: An <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> cavalry brigade attempting to join the advance of the main army into eastern <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a> was intercepted and wiped out by Austrian forces in a mountain pass near <a href="/wiki/Leobersdorf" title="Leobersdorf">Leobersdorf</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1533" title="1533">1533</a></td> <td>22 July</td> <td>Austria and the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Constantinople_(1533)" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Constantinople (1533)">Treaty of Constantinople</a>, ending their conflict. <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand</a> recognized <a href="/wiki/John_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Zápolya">John Zápolya</a> as <a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a> in exchange for Ottoman recognition of his conquests in the west of the kingdom, signaling its <i>de facto</i> division into the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hungarian_Kingdom" title="Eastern Hungarian Kingdom">Eastern Hungarian Kingdom</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Vassal_and_tributary_states_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire">vassal state</a> of the Ottoman Empire, and Royal Hungary. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="17th_century">17th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 17th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1601" title="1601">1601</a></td> <td>3 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gurusl%C4%83u" title="Battle of Guruslău">Battle of Guruslău</a></i>: A force of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungarians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a> defeated the rebel <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1570%E2%80%931711)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)">Transylvanian</a> <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Transylvania" title="Prince of Transylvania">prince</a> <a href="/wiki/Sigismund_B%C3%A1thory" title="Sigismund Báthory">Sigismund Báthory</a> on the plain of the <a href="/wiki/Gurusl%C4%83u_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Guruslău River">Guruslău River</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1604" title="1604">1604</a></td> <td>28 September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Bocskai_uprising" title="Bocskai uprising">Bocskai uprising</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">nobleman</a> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Bocskai" title="Stephen Bocskai">Stephen Bocskai</a> launched a revolt against <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a> dominion over Hungary. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1606" title="1606">1606</a></td> <td>23 June</td> <td><i>Bocskai uprising</i>: The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">nobleman</a> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Bocskai" title="Stephen Bocskai">Stephen Bocskai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor">Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archduke" title="Archduke">archduke</a> of Austria, signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Vienna_(1606)" title="Treaty of Vienna (1606)">Treaty of Vienna</a>, naming the former <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Transylvania" title="Prince of Transylvania">prince</a> of <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1570%E2%80%931711)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)">Transylvania</a> and granting some additional rights to religious minorities in Hungary. </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 November</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Long_Turkish_War" title="Long Turkish War">Long Turkish War</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Zsitvatorok" title="Peace of Zsitvatorok">Peace of Zsitvatorok</a> was signed in what is now <a href="/wiki/Radva%C5%88_nad_Dunajom" title="Radvaň nad Dunajom">Radvaň nad Dunajom</a>, ending a long conflict between the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. The obligations of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">nobility</a> to their Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Suzerainty" title="Suzerainty">suzerains</a> were reduced. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1608" title="1608">1608</a></td> <td>25 June</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor">Rudolf's</a> younger brother <a href="/wiki/Matthias,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor">Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Governor" title="Governor">governor</a> of Austria, with the support of the nobility in Austria, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a>, forced him to cede the rule of those lands. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="18th_century">18th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 18th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1701" title="1701">1701</a></td> <td>9 July</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Carpi" title="Battle of Carpi">Battle of Carpi</a></i>: An Austrian army dispatched a small <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> force at Carpi, near <a href="/wiki/Legnago" title="Legnago">Legnago</a>, during its crossing into <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chiari" title="Battle of Chiari">Battle of Chiari</a></i>: An Austrian force dealt severe and disproportionate casualties to a <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> army attempting to dislodge it at <a href="/wiki/Chiari,_Lombardy" title="Chiari, Lombardy">Chiari, Lombardy</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch Republic</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_The_Hague_(1701)" title="Treaty of The Hague (1701)">Treaty of The Hague</a>, reestablishing the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Alliance_(League_of_Augsburg)" title="Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg)">Grand Alliance</a> and setting out their primary goals: the establishment of Austrian control over <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish</a> territories in <a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Netherlands" title="Spanish Netherlands">Spanish Netherlands</a> and Dutch and English access to markets in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1702" title="1702">1702</a></td> <td>1 February</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cremona" title="Battle of Cremona">Battle of Cremona</a></i>: Austrian forces entered the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a>-held city of <a href="/wiki/Cremona" title="Cremona">Cremona</a> but, failing to take the citadel of the city and facing the arrival of French reinforcements, withdrew. </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Luzzara" title="Battle of Luzzara">Battle of Luzzara</a></i>: An Austrian force under the <a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">general</a> <a href="/wiki/Prince_Eugene_of_Savoy" title="Prince Eugene of Savoy">Prince Eugene of Savoy</a> crossed the <a href="/wiki/Po_(river)" title="Po (river)">Po</a> at <a href="/wiki/Luzzara" title="Luzzara">Luzzara</a> but failed to dislodge the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> from their position despite heavy casualties on both sides. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="19th_century">19th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a></td> <td>9 February</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Second_Coalition" title="War of the Second Coalition">War of the Second Coalition</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, the latter acting as <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and as <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">king</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Hungary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archduke" title="Archduke">archduke</a> of Austria, signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lun%C3%A9ville" title="Treaty of Lunéville">Treaty of Lunéville</a>, ending their conflict. France made territorial gains, including the extension of its border with the Holy Roman Empire east to the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1804" title="1804">1804</a></td> <td>11 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis</a> took the title <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Austria" title="Emperor of Austria">Emperor of Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1805" title="1805">1805</a></td> <td>25 September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Ulm_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulm Campaign">Ulm Campaign</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French</a>-<a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Bavaria" title="Electorate of Bavaria">Bavarian</a> force crossed the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> into Germany. </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wertingen" title="Battle of Wertingen">Battle of Wertingen</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French</a> army surprised and defeated a much smaller Austrian force at <a href="/wiki/Wertingen" title="Wertingen">Wertingen</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_G%C3%BCnzburg" title="Battle of Günzburg">Battle of Günzburg</a></i>: A <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French</a> force captured a <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> river crossing at <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnzburg" title="Günzburg">Günzburg</a>. Austrian forces failed to retake it, suffering heavy casualties, and withdrew. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="20th_century">20th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a></td> <td>18 January</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1900%E2%80%931901_Cisleithanian_legislative_election" title="1900–1901 Cisleithanian legislative election">1900–1901 Cisleithanian legislative election</a></i>: The last round of elections were held to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Council_(Austria)" title="Imperial Council (Austria)">Imperial Council</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">Ethnic nationalist</a> parties won the majority of seats. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 October</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1901_Hungarian_parliamentary_election" title="1901 Hungarian parliamentary election">1901 Hungarian parliamentary election</a></i>: Voting began in elections to the <a href="/wiki/Lands_of_the_Crown_of_Saint_Stephen" title="Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen">Hungarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary" title="Diet of Hungary">Diet</a>. Voting ended on 9 October, with the <a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism" title="Classical liberalism">liberal</a> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Hungary)" title="Liberal Party (Hungary)">Liberal Party</a> won a supermajority of seats. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a></td> <td>14 May</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/1907_Cisleithanian_legislative_election" title="1907 Cisleithanian legislative election">1907 Cisleithanian legislative election</a></i>: The first round of elections was held to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Council_(Austria)" title="Imperial Council (Austria)">Imperial Council</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 May</td> <td><i>Cisleithanian legislative election, 1907</i>: The runoff elections to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Council_(Austria)" title="Imperial Council (Austria)">Imperial Council</a> were held. The <a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">conservative</a> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_Party_(Austria)" title="Christian Social Party (Austria)">Christian Social Party</a> won a plurality of seats. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1919 </td> <td>10 September </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/First_Austrian_Republic" title="First Austrian Republic">First Austrian Republic</a> was created after the signing of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1919)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)">Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1938 </td> <td>13 March </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> annexed Austria on. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1945 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> liberates Austria from Nazi Germany. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Niki_Lauda" title="Niki Lauda">Niki Lauda</a> wins the <a href="/wiki/1975_Formula_One_season" title="1975 Formula One season">1975 Formula One season</a> against <a href="/wiki/James_Hunt" title="James Hunt">James Hunt</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td>1 January</td> <td>Austria joined the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="21st_century">21st century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 6%;">Year</th> <th style="width: 10%;">Date</th> <th>Event </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a></td> <td>August</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/2002_European_floods" title="2002 European floods">2002 European floods</a></i>: Heavy rains resulted in destructive flooding in <a href="/wiki/Salzburg_(state)" title="Salzburg (state)">Salzburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upper_Austria" title="Upper Austria">Upper Austria</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 September</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Knittelfeld_Putsch" title="Knittelfeld Putsch">Knittelfeld Putsch</a></i>: An agreement between <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Haider" title="Jörg Haider">Jörg Haider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Landeshauptmann" title="Landeshauptmann">Landeshauptmann</a> of <a href="/wiki/Carinthia" title="Carinthia">Carinthia</a> and an elder statesman of the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Party_of_Austria" title="Freedom Party of Austria">Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Susanne_Riess" title="Susanne Riess">Susanne Riess</a>, the party chair, was symbolically torn up at a party meeting at <a href="/wiki/Knittelfeld" title="Knittelfeld">Knittelfeld</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 September</td> <td><i>Knittelfeld Putsch</i>: <a href="/wiki/Susanne_Riess" title="Susanne Riess">Riess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finance_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Finance minister">finance minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Karl-Heinz_Grasser" title="Karl-Heinz Grasser">Karl-Heinz Grasser</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Westenthaler" title="Peter Westenthaler">Peter Westenthaler</a>, until then chairman of the party's caucus in <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Parliament" title="Austrian Parliament">Parliament</a>, resigned from the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Party_of_Austria" title="Freedom Party of Austria">FPÖ</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 November</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/2002_Austrian_legislative_election" title="2002 Austrian legislative election">2002 Austrian legislative election</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Christian_democracy" title="Christian democracy">Christian democratic</a> <a href="/wiki/Austrian_People%27s_Party" title="Austrian People's Party">Austrian People's Party (ÖVP)</a> gained twenty-seven seats in elections to the <a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Austria)" title="National Council (Austria)">National Council</a>, largely at the expense of the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Party_of_Austria" title="Freedom Party of Austria">FPÖ</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a></td> <td>25 April</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/2004_Austrian_presidential_election" title="2004 Austrian presidential election">2004 Austrian presidential election</a></i>: <a href="/wiki/Heinz_Fischer" title="Heinz Fischer">Heinz Fischer</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democratic</a> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria" title="Social Democratic Party of Austria">Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ)</a> was elected <a href="/wiki/President_of_Austria" title="President of Austria">president</a> with fifty-two percent of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td>20 May </td> <td>Niki Lauda dies </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Austrian_history&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.robert-schuman.eu/en/eem/0295-heinz-fischer-is-elected-president-of-the-republic">"Heinz fischer is elected president of the republic"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heinz+fischer+is+elected+president+of+the+republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.robert-schuman.eu%2Fen%2Feem%2F0295-heinz-fischer-is-elected-president-of-the-republic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATimeline+of+Austrian+history" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Years_in_Austria" title="Template talk:Years in Austria"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Years_in_Austria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Years in Austria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Years_in_Austria_(1919–present)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Austria" title="List of years in Austria">Years</a> in <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_Austrian_Republic" title="First Austrian Republic">1919</a>–present)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Years_of_the_20th_century_in_Austria" title="Category:Years of the 20th century in Austria">Pre-1919</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1919_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1919 in Austria (page does not exist)">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1920_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1920 in Austria (page does not exist)">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1921_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1921 in Austria (page does not exist)">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1921_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1921 in Austria (page does not exist)">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1922_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1922 in Austria (page does not exist)">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1923_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1923 in Austria (page does not exist)">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1924_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1924 in Austria (page does not exist)">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1925_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1925 in Austria (page does not exist)">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1926_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1926 in Austria (page does not exist)">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1927_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1927 in Austria (page does not exist)">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1928 in Austria (page does not exist)">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1929_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1929 in Austria (page does not exist)">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1930_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1930 in Austria (page does not exist)">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1931_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1931 in Austria (page does not exist)">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1932_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1932 in Austria (page does not exist)">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1933_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1933 in Austria (page does not exist)">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1934_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1934 in Austria (page does not exist)">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1935_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1935 in Austria (page does not exist)">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1936_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1936 in Austria (page does not exist)">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_in_Austria" title="1937 in Austria">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_in_Austria" title="1938 in Austria">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1939_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1939 in Austria (page does not exist)">1939</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1940_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1940 in Austria (page does not exist)">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1941_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1941 in Austria (page does not exist)">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1942_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1942 in Austria (page does not exist)">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1943_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1943 in Austria (page does not exist)">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1944_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1944 in Austria (page does not exist)">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1945_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1945 in Austria (page does not exist)">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1946_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1946 in Austria (page does not exist)">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1947_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1947 in Austria (page does not exist)">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1948_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1948 in Austria (page does not exist)">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1949_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1949 in Austria (page does not exist)">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1950_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1950 in Austria (page does not exist)">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1951_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1951 in Austria (page does not exist)">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1952_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1952 in Austria (page does not exist)">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1953_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1953 in Austria (page does not exist)">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1954_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1954 in Austria (page does not exist)">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1955_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1955 in Austria (page does not exist)">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1956 in Austria (page does not exist)">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1957_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1957 in Austria (page does not exist)">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 in Austria (page does not exist)">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1959_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1959 in Austria (page does not exist)">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1960_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1960 in Austria (page does not exist)">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_in_Austria" title="1961 in Austria">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1962_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1962 in Austria (page does not exist)">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1963_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1963 in Austria (page does not exist)">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1964_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1964 in Austria (page does not exist)">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1965_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1965 in Austria (page does not exist)">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1966_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1966 in Austria (page does not exist)">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1967_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1967 in Austria (page does not exist)">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1968_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1968 in Austria (page does not exist)">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1969_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1969 in Austria (page does not exist)">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1970_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1970 in Austria (page does not exist)">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1971_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1971 in Austria (page does not exist)">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_in_Austria" title="1972 in Austria">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_in_Austria" title="1973 in Austria">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1974_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1974 in Austria (page does not exist)">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_in_Austria" title="1975 in Austria">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1976_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1976 in Austria (page does not exist)">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_in_Austria" title="1977 in Austria">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1978_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1978 in Austria (page does not exist)">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1979 in Austria (page does not exist)">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1980 in Austria (page does not exist)">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1981_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1981 in Austria (page does not exist)">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1982_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1982 in Austria (page does not exist)">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1983_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1983 in Austria (page does not exist)">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1984_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1984 in Austria (page does not exist)">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1985_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1985 in Austria (page does not exist)">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1986_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1986 in Austria (page does not exist)">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1987 in Austria (page does not exist)">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_in_Austria" title="1988 in Austria">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1989_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1989 in Austria (page does not exist)">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1990 in Austria (page does not exist)">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991 in Austria (page does not exist)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1992_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1992 in Austria (page does not exist)">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1993 in Austria (page does not exist)">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1994_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1994 in Austria (page does not exist)">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1995_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1995 in Austria (page does not exist)">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1996_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1996 in Austria (page does not exist)">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 in Austria (page does not exist)">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1998_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1998 in Austria (page does not exist)">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1999_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1999 in Austria (page does not exist)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_in_Austria" title="2000 in Austria">2000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2001_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2001 in Austria (page does not exist)">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2002_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2002 in Austria (page does not exist)">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2003_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2003 in Austria (page does not exist)">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 in Austria (page does not exist)">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2005_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2005 in Austria (page does not exist)">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_in_Austria" title="2006 in Austria">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_in_Austria" title="2007 in Austria">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_in_Austria" title="2008 in Austria">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_in_Austria" title="2009 in Austria">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_in_Austria" title="2010 in Austria">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_in_Austria" title="2011 in Austria">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_in_Austria" title="2012 in Austria">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_in_Austria" title="2013 in Austria">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_in_Austria" title="2014 in Austria">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_in_Austria" title="2015 in Austria">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_in_Austria" title="2016 in Austria">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_in_Austria" title="2017 in Austria">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_in_Austria" title="2018 in Austria">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_in_Austria" title="2019 in Austria">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_in_Austria" title="2020 in Austria">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_in_Austria" title="2021 in Austria">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_in_Austria" title="2022 in Austria">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_in_Austria" title="2023 in Austria">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_in_Austria" title="2024 in Austria">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Timeline_of_European_history" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_topic" title="Template:European topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_topic" title="Template talk:European topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Timeline_of_European_history" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Timeline of European history</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">European Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Belgian_history" title="Timeline of Belgian history">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Bulgarian_history" title="Timeline of Bulgarian history">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Croatian_history" title="Timeline of Croatian history">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Cypriot_history" title="Timeline of Cypriot history">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Czech_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Czech history (page does not exist)">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Danish_history" title="Timeline of Danish history">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Estonian_history" title="Timeline of Estonian history">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Finnish_history" title="Timeline of Finnish history">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_French_history" title="Timeline of French history">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_German_history" title="Timeline of German history">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Greek_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Greek history">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Hungarian_history" title="Timeline of Hungarian history">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Irish_history" title="Timeline of Irish history">Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Italian_history" title="Timeline of Italian history">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Latvian_history" title="Timeline of Latvian history">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Lithuanian_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Lithuanian history (page does not exist)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Luxembourg_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Luxembourg history (page does not exist)">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Maltese_history" title="Timeline of Maltese history">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Dutch_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Dutch history">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Polish_history" title="Timeline of Polish history">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Portuguese_history" title="Timeline of Portuguese history">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Romanian_history" title="Timeline of Romanian history">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Slovak_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Slovak history (page does not exist)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Slovenian_history" title="Timeline of Slovenian history">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Spanish_history" title="Timeline of Spanish history">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Swedish_history" title="Timeline of Swedish history">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Albanian_history" title="Timeline of Albanian history">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Andorran_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Andorran history (page does not exist)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Armenian_history" title="Timeline of Armenian history">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Azerbaijani_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Azerbaijani history (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Belarusian_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Belarusian history (page does not exist)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Bosnia and Herzegovina history (page does not exist)">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Georgian_history" title="Timeline of Georgian history">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Icelandic_history" title="Timeline of Icelandic history">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Kazakh_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Kazakh history (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Liechtensteiner_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Liechtensteiner history (page does not exist)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Moldovan_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Moldovan history (page does not exist)">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Mon%C3%A9gasque_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Monégasque history (page does not exist)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Montenegrin_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Montenegrin history (page does not exist)">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_North_Macedonia" title="History of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Norwegian_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Norwegian history (page does not exist)">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Russian_history" title="Timeline of Russian history">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Sammarinese_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Sammarinese history (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Serbian_history" title="Timeline of Serbian history">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Swiss_history" title="Timeline of Swiss history">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Turkish_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Turkish history">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Ukrainian_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Ukrainian history (page does not exist)">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_British_history" title="Timeline of British history">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Abkhaz_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Abkhaz history (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Kosovan_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Kosovan history (page does not exist)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Turkish_Cypriot_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Turkish Cypriot history (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_South_Ossetian_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of South Ossetian history (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Transnistrian_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Transnistrian history (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Faroese_history" title="Timeline of Faroese history">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Gibraltarian_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Gibraltarian history (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Guernsey_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Guernsey history (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Manx_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Manx history (page does not exist)">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Jersey_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timeline of Jersey history (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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