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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Glaxo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1.1 Glaxo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Glaxo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burroughs_Wellcome" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burroughs_Wellcome"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1.2 Burroughs Wellcome </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burroughs_Wellcome-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1.3 Merger </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SmithKline_Beecham" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SmithKline_Beecham"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 SmithKline Beecham </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SmithKline_Beecham-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Beecham" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beecham"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.1 Beecham </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beecham-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SmithKline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SmithKline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.2 SmithKline </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SmithKline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Merger_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merger_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.3 Merger </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merger_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000:_Glaxo_Wellcome_and_SmithKline_Beecham_merger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000:_Glaxo_Wellcome_and_SmithKline_Beecham_merger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 2000: Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham merger </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000:_Glaxo_Wellcome_and_SmithKline_Beecham_merger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2001–2010" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2001–2010"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 2001–2010 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2001–2010-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2011–2022" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011–2022"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 2011–2022 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011–2022-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-GSK–Novartis_consumer_healthcare_buy-out" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#GSK–Novartis_consumer_healthcare_buy-out"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5.1 GSK–Novartis consumer healthcare buy-out </div> </a> <ul id="toc-GSK–Novartis_consumer_healthcare_buy-out-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-GSK–Pfizer_joint_venture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#GSK–Pfizer_joint_venture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5.2 GSK–Pfizer joint venture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-GSK–Pfizer_joint_venture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsequent_split" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsequent_split"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5.3 Subsequent split </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsequent_split-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_developments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_developments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 Recent developments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_developments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Acquisition-history_diagram" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquisition-history_diagram"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6.1 Acquisition-history diagram </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquisition-history_diagram-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research_areas_and_products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_areas_and_products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Research areas and products </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Research_areas_and_products-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Research areas and products subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Research_areas_and_products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pharmaceuticals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pharmaceuticals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Pharmaceuticals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pharmaceuticals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malaria_vaccine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malaria_vaccine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Malaria vaccine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malaria_vaccine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consumer_healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consumer_healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Consumer healthcare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consumer_healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Facilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19_vaccine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_vaccine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 COVID-19 vaccine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_vaccine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venture_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venture_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Venture arms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venture_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recognition,_philanthropy_and_social_responsibility" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recognition,_philanthropy_and_social_responsibility"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Recognition, philanthropy and social responsibility </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Recognition,_philanthropy_and_social_responsibility-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Recognition, philanthropy and social responsibility subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Recognition,_philanthropy_and_social_responsibility-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Scientific_recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scientific_recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Scientific recognition </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scientific_recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philanthropy_and_social_responsibility" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philanthropy_and_social_responsibility"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Philanthropy and social responsibility </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philanthropy_and_social_responsibility-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Controversies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversies subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1973_Antitrust_case_over_griseofulvin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1973_Antitrust_case_over_griseofulvin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 1973 Antitrust case over griseofulvin </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1973_Antitrust_case_over_griseofulvin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000s_Ribena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s_Ribena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 2000s Ribena </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000s_Ribena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SB_Pharmco_Puerto_Rico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SB_Pharmco_Puerto_Rico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 SB Pharmco Puerto Rico </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SB_Pharmco_Puerto_Rico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010_Pandemrix_connected_with_narcolepsy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010_Pandemrix_connected_with_narcolepsy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 2010 Pandemrix connected with narcolepsy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010_Pandemrix_connected_with_narcolepsy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012_criminal_and_civil_settlement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012_criminal_and_civil_settlement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 2012 criminal and civil settlement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012_criminal_and_civil_settlement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5.1 Overview </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rosiglitazone_(Avandia)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rosiglitazone_(Avandia)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5.2 Rosiglitazone (Avandia) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rosiglitazone_(Avandia)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paroxetine_(Paxil/Seroxat)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paroxetine_(Paxil/Seroxat)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5.3 Paroxetine (Paxil/Seroxat) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paroxetine_(Paxil/Seroxat)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bupropion_(Wellbutrin)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bupropion_(Wellbutrin)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5.4 Bupropion (Wellbutrin) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bupropion_(Wellbutrin)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 China </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Market_manipulation_in_the_UK" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Market_manipulation_in_the_UK"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Market manipulation in the UK </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Market_manipulation_in_the_UK-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miscellaneous" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miscellaneous"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.8 Miscellaneous </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miscellaneous-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">GSK plc</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" 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Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" > 51 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86" title="غلاكسو سميث كلاين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غلاكسو سميث كلاين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="قلاکسواسمیت‌کلاین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قلاکسواسمیت‌کلاین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="গ্লাক্সোস্মিথক্লাইন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্লাক্সোস্মিথক্লাইন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK_(Pharmaunternehmen)" title="GSK (Pharmaunternehmen) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="GSK (Pharmaunternehmen)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="گلاکسواسمیت‌کلاین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گلاکسواسمیت‌کلاین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%80%EB%9D%BD%EC%86%8C%EC%8A%A4%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8" title="글락소스미스클라인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="글락소스미스클라인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="ग्लैक्सो स्मिथक्लाइन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्लैक्सो स्मिथक्लाइन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="GSK plc" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%95_%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%27_%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F" title="גלקסו סמית' קליין – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גלקסו סמית' קליין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8A_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಗ್ಲಾಕ್ಸೊ ಸ್ಮಿತ್‌ಕ್ಲೈನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗ್ಲಾಕ್ಸೊ ಸ್ಮಿತ್‌ಕ್ಲೈನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline_plc" title="GlaxoSmithKline plc – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline plc" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BB" title="ഗ്ലാക്സോസ്മിത്ത്ക്ലൈൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്ലാക്സോസ്മിത്ത്ക്ലൈൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86" title="جلاكسو سميث كلاين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جلاكسو سميث كلاين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="GSK plc" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BD%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9F%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3" title="グラクソ・スミスクライン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グラクソ・スミスクライン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK" title="GSK – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="GSK" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline_plc" title="GlaxoSmithKline plc – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline plc" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK" title="GSK – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="GSK" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK" title="GSK – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="GSK" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9D%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ග්ලැක්සෝස්මිත්ක්ලයින් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ග්ලැක්සෝස්මිත්ක්ලයින්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="GSK plc" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="GSK plc" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaxo_Smith_Kline" title="Glaxo Smith Kline – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Glaxo Smith Kline" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaxo_Smith_Kline" title="Glaxo Smith Kline – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Glaxo Smith Kline" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84_%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5" title="จีเอสเค พีแอลซี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จีเอสเค พีแอลซี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK_plc" title="GSK plc – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="GSK plc" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSK" title="GSK – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="GSK" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" title="GlaxoSmithKline – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="GlaxoSmithKline" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E8%98%AD%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%B2%E5%85%8B" title="葛蘭素史克 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="葛蘭素史克" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E8%98%AD%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%B2%E5%85%8B" title="葛蘭素史克 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="葛蘭素史克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=GSK_plc&params=51_29_17_N_0_19_1_W_">51°29′17″N 0°19′1″W / 51.48806°N 0.31694°W / 51.48806; -0.31694</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=GlaxoSmithKline&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="GlaxoSmithKline">GlaxoSmithKline</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British pharmaceutical and biotechnology company</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">GSK plc</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:GSK_logo_2022.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/32/GSK_logo_2022.svg/220px-GSK_logo_2022.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/32/GSK_logo_2022.svg/330px-GSK_logo_2022.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/32/GSK_logo_2022.svg/440px-GSK_logo_2022.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="80" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Logo since 9 June 2022</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:GlaxoSmithKline_building,_London,_30_July_2007_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/GlaxoSmithKline_building%2C_London%2C_30_July_2007_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-GlaxoSmithKline_building%2C_London%2C_30_July_2007_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/GlaxoSmithKline_building%2C_London%2C_30_July_2007_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-GlaxoSmithKline_building%2C_London%2C_30_July_2007_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/GlaxoSmithKline_building%2C_London%2C_30_July_2007_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-GlaxoSmithKline_building%2C_London%2C_30_July_2007_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1382" data-file-height="1772" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Head office in Brentford, London with the former GlaxoSmithKline logo, taken on 30 July 2007</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">GlaxoSmithKline (2000–2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_limited_company" title="Public limited company">Public limited company</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">LSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/GSK//">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FTSE_100_Index" title="FTSE 100 Index">FTSE 100 Component</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry" title="Pharmaceutical industry">Pharmaceutical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessors</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Glaxo Wellcome</li><li>SmithKline Beecham</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">27 December 2000; 23 years ago (2000-12-27)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England, UK</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Jonathan Symonds (<a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chairperson</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Walmsley" title="Emma Walmsley">Emma Walmsley</a> (<a href="/wiki/CEO" class="mw-redirect" title="CEO">CEO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medication" title="Medication">Pharmaceutical drugs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine" title="Vaccine">vaccines</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>30.328 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> £6.745 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> £5.308 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> £59.005 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> £12.795 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-results-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">70,000 (2024)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stiefel_Laboratories" title="Stiefel Laboratories">Stiefel Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesaro" title="Tesaro">Tesaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ViiV_Healthcare" title="ViiV Healthcare">ViiV Healthcare</a> (76.5%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gsk.com">www.gsk.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> GSK plc (an acronym from its former name GlaxoSmithKline plc) is a British <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutics" title="Pharmaceutics">pharmaceutical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Biotechnology company">biotechnology company</a> with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> It was established in 2000 by a <a href="/wiki/Mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Mergers and acquisitions">merger</a> of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham,<a href="#cite_note-5">[n 1]</a> which was itself a merger of a number of pharmaceutical companies around the <a href="/wiki/Smith,_Kline_%26_French" title="Smith, Kline & French">Smith, Kline & French</a> firm. GSK is the tenth largest pharmaceutical company and No. 294 on the 2022 <a href="/wiki/Fortune_Global_500" title="Fortune Global 500">Fortune Global 500</a>, ranked behind other pharmaceutical companies <a href="/wiki/China_Resources" title="China Resources">China Resources</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinopharm_(company)" title="Sinopharm (company)">Sinopharm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johnson_%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson">Johnson & Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pfizer" title="Pfizer">Pfizer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roche" title="Roche">Roche</a>, <a href="/wiki/AbbVie" title="AbbVie">AbbVie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novartis" title="Novartis">Novartis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bayer" title="Bayer">Bayer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Merck_%26_Co." title="Merck & Co.">Merck Sharp & Dohme</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fortune-6">[5]</a> The company has a primary listing on the <a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Stock Exchange</a> and is a constituent of the <a href="/wiki/FTSE_100_Index" title="FTSE 100 Index">FTSE 100 Index</a>. As of February 2024, it had a <a href="/wiki/Market_capitalization" title="Market capitalization">market capitalisation</a> of £69 billion, the eighth largest on the London Stock Exchange.<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> The company developed the first <a href="/wiki/Malaria_vaccine" title="Malaria vaccine">malaria vaccine</a>, <a href="/wiki/RTS,S" title="RTS,S">RTS,S</a>, which it said in 2014, it would make available for five per cent above cost.<a href="#cite_note-malariavaccine-8">[7]</a> Legacy products developed at GSK include several listed in the <a href="/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines" title="WHO Model List of Essential Medicines">World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Amoxicillin" title="Amoxicillin">amoxicillin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercaptopurine" title="Mercaptopurine">mercaptopurine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pyrimethamine" title="Pyrimethamine">pyrimethamine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zidovudine" title="Zidovudine">zidovudine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WHO21st-9">[8]</a> In 2012, under prosecution by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a> (DoJ) based on combined investigations of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">Department of Health and Human Services</a> (HHS-OIG), <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">FDA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a>, primarily concerning sales and marketing of the drugs <a href="/wiki/Rosiglitazone" title="Rosiglitazone">Avandia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paroxetine" title="Paroxetine">Paxil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">Wellbutrin</a>, GSK pleaded guilty to promotion of drugs for unapproved uses, failure to report safety data and kickbacks to physicians in the United States and agreed to pay a US$3 billion (£1.9bn) settlement. It was the largest health-care fraud case to date in the US and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_pharmaceutical_settlements" title="List of largest pharmaceutical settlements">largest settlement</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry" title="Pharmaceutical industry">pharmaceutical industry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Glaxo_Wellcome">Glaxo Wellcome</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Glaxo Wellcome">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glaxo_Factory,_Bunnythorpe,_New_Zealand_03.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Glaxo_Factory%2C_Bunnythorpe%2C_New_Zealand_03.JPG/220px-Glaxo_Factory%2C_Bunnythorpe%2C_New_Zealand_03.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Glaxo_Factory%2C_Bunnythorpe%2C_New_Zealand_03.JPG/330px-Glaxo_Factory%2C_Bunnythorpe%2C_New_Zealand_03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Glaxo_Factory%2C_Bunnythorpe%2C_New_Zealand_03.JPG/440px-Glaxo_Factory%2C_Bunnythorpe%2C_New_Zealand_03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="3216" /></a><figcaption>The Glaxo factory built in 1918, in <a href="/wiki/Bunnythorpe" title="Bunnythorpe">Bunnythorpe, New Zealand</a>, with the Glaxo Laboratories sign still visible</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Glaxo">Glaxo</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Glaxo">edit</a>]</div> Joseph Nathan and Co. was founded in 1873, as a general trading company in <a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a>, New Zealand, by a Londoner, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Nathan" title="Joseph Nathan">Joseph Edward Nathan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> In 1904, it began producing a dried-milk baby food from excess milk produced on dairy farms near <a href="/wiki/Bunnythorpe" title="Bunnythorpe">Bunnythorpe</a>. The resulting product was first known as Defiance, then as Glaxo (from lacto), and sold with the slogan "Glaxo builds bonnie babies."<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ravenscraft2000-13">[12]</a>: 306 <a href="#cite_note-history-14">[13]</a> The Glaxo Laboratories sign is still visible on what is now a car repair shop on the main street of Bunnythorpe. The company's first pharmaceutical product, released in 1924, was vitamin D.<a href="#cite_note-Ravenscraft2000-13">[12]</a>: 306  <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glaxo_feeder_bottle_with_packaging.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Glaxo_feeder_bottle_with_packaging.jpg/220px-Glaxo_feeder_bottle_with_packaging.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Glaxo_feeder_bottle_with_packaging.jpg/330px-Glaxo_feeder_bottle_with_packaging.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Glaxo_feeder_bottle_with_packaging.jpg/440px-Glaxo_feeder_bottle_with_packaging.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1355" /></a><figcaption> Feeder bottle with valve and teat, Glaxo Laboratories, Greenford, Middlesex</figcaption></figure> Glaxo Laboratories was incorporated as a distinct subsidiary company in London in 1935.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> Joseph Nathan's shareholders reorganised the group's structure in 1947, making Glaxo the parent<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> and obtained a listing on the <a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Stock Exchange</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> Glaxo acquired <a href="/wiki/Allen_%26_Hanburys" title="Allen & Hanburys">Allen & Hanburys</a> in 1958. The Scottish pharmacologist <a href="/wiki/David_Jack_(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Jack (scientist)">David Jack</a> was hired as a researcher for Allen & Hanburys a few years after Glaxo took it over; he went on to lead the company's <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> (R&D) until 1987.<a href="#cite_note-Ravenscraft2000-13">[12]</a>: 306  After Glaxo bought Meyer Laboratories in 1978, it began to play an important role in the US market. In 1983, the American arm, Glaxo Inc., moved to <a href="/wiki/Research_Triangle_Park" title="Research Triangle Park">Research Triangle Park</a> (US headquarters/research) and Zebulon (US manufacturing) in <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-history-14">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Burroughs_Wellcome">Burroughs Wellcome</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Burroughs Wellcome">edit</a>]</div> Burroughs Wellcome & Company was founded in 1880, in London by the American pharmacists <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wellcome" title="Henry Wellcome">Henry Wellcome</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silas_Mainville_Burroughs_(pharmacist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Silas Mainville Burroughs (pharmacist)">Silas Burroughs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-18">[17]</a> The Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories opened in 1902. In the 1920s, Burroughs Wellcome established research and manufacturing facilities in <a href="/wiki/Tuckahoe_(village),_New_York" title="Tuckahoe (village), New York">Tuckahoe, New York</a>,<a href="#cite_note-TriCent-19">[18]</a>: 18 <a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> which served as the US headquarters until the company moved to <a href="/wiki/Research_Triangle_Park" title="Research Triangle Park">Research Triangle Park</a> in North Carolina in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cummings-23">[22]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> winning scientists <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Gertrude B. Elion</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_H._Hitchings" title="George H. Hitchings">George H. Hitchings</a> worked there and invented drugs still used many years later, such as <a href="/wiki/Mercaptopurine" title="Mercaptopurine">mercaptopurine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> In 1959, the <a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Wellcome Foundation">Wellcome Foundation</a> bought <a href="/wiki/William_Cooper_(chemical_manufacturer)" title="William Cooper (chemical manufacturer)">Cooper, McDougall & Robertson Inc</a> to become more active in animal health.<a href="#cite_note-history-14">[13]</a> When Burroughs Wellcome decided to move its headquarters, the company selected <a href="/wiki/Paul_Rudolph_(architect)" title="Paul Rudolph (architect)">Paul Rudolph</a> to design its new building.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Elion-Hitchings_Building" title="Elion-Hitchings Building">Elion-Hitchings Building</a> "was celebrated worldwide when it was built," according to Paul Rudolph Heritage Foundation president Kelvin Dickinson. Alex Sayf Cummings of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_State_University" title="Georgia State University">Georgia State University</a> wrote in 2016, that the "iconic building helped define the image of RTP," saying, "Love it or hate it, Rudolph's design remains an impressively audacious creative gesture and an important part of the history of both architecture and <a href="/wiki/Research_Triangle_Park" title="Research Triangle Park">Research Triangle Park</a>."<a href="#cite_note-Elion-Hitchings-26">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Therapeutics" title="United Therapeutics">United Therapeutics</a>, which bought the building in 2012, announced plans in 2020, to tear it down.<a href="#cite_note-Elion-Hitchings-26">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Merger">Merger</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Merger">edit</a>]</div> Glaxo and Wellcome merged in 1995, to form Glaxo Wellcome plc.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ravenscraft2000-13">[12]</a> The merger was then considered the biggest in the UK corporate history.<a href="#cite_note-:1-18">[17]</a> Glaxo Wellcome restructured its R&D operation that year, cutting 10,000 jobs worldwide, closing its R&D facility in Beckenham, Kent, and opening a Medicines Research Centre in <a href="/wiki/Stevenage" title="Stevenage">Stevenage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire" title="Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> Also that year, Glaxo Wellcome acquired the <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>-based Affymax, a leader in the field of <a href="/wiki/Combinatorial_chemistry" title="Combinatorial chemistry">combinatorial chemistry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> By 1999, Glaxo Wellcome had become the world's third-largest pharmaceutical company by revenues (behind <a href="/wiki/Novartis" title="Novartis">Novartis</a> and Merck), with a global market share of around 4 per cent.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> Its products included <a href="/wiki/Imigran" class="mw-redirect" title="Imigran">Imigran</a> (for the treatment of migraine), <a href="/wiki/Salbutamol" title="Salbutamol">salbutamol</a> (Ventolin) (for the treatment of asthma), <a href="/wiki/Zovirax" class="mw-redirect" title="Zovirax">Zovirax</a> (for the treatment of coldsores), and <a href="/wiki/Retrovir" class="mw-redirect" title="Retrovir">Retrovir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Epivir" class="mw-redirect" title="Epivir">Epivir</a> (for the treatment of AIDS). In 1999, the company was the world's largest manufacturer of drugs for the treatment of asthma and HIV/AIDS.<a href="#cite_note-indep1899-33">[32]</a> It employed 59,000 people, including 13,400 in the UK, had 76 operating companies and 50 manufacturing facilities worldwide, and seven of its products were among the world's top 50 best-selling pharmaceuticals. The company had R&D facilities in Hertfordshire, <a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a>, London and <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a> (Italy), and manufacturing plants in Scotland and the north of England. It had R&D centres in the US and Japan, and production facilities in the US, Europe and the Far East.<a href="#cite_note-bbc17100-34">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SmithKline_Beecham">SmithKline Beecham</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: SmithKline Beecham">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Beecham">Beecham</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Beecham">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Beecham_Group" title="Beecham Group">Beecham Group</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BeechamsBuilding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/BeechamsBuilding.jpg/220px-BeechamsBuilding.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/BeechamsBuilding.jpg/330px-BeechamsBuilding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/BeechamsBuilding.jpg/440px-BeechamsBuilding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1118" data-file-height="1212" /></a><figcaption>Beecham's Clock Tower, constructed 1877, part of the <a href="/wiki/Beecham_(pharmaceutical_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Beecham (pharmaceutical company)">Beecham</a>'s factory, <a href="/wiki/St_Helens,_Merseyside" title="St Helens, Merseyside">St Helens</a></figcaption></figure> In 1848, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beecham_(chemist)" title="Thomas Beecham (chemist)">Thomas Beecham</a> launched his <a href="/wiki/Beecham%27s_Pills" title="Beecham's Pills">Beecham's Pills</a> laxative in England, giving birth to the <a href="/wiki/Beecham_Group" title="Beecham Group">Beecham Group</a>. In 1859, Beecham opened its first factory in <a href="/wiki/St_Helens,_Merseyside" title="St Helens, Merseyside">St Helens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a>. By the 1960s, Beecham was extensively involved in pharmaceuticals and consumer products such as <a href="/wiki/Macleans_(toothpaste)" title="Macleans (toothpaste)">Macleans toothpaste</a>, Lucozade and synthetic penicillin research.<a href="#cite_note-history-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="SmithKline">SmithKline</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: SmithKline">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Smith,_Kline_%26_French" title="Smith, Kline & French">Smith, Kline & French</a></div> <a href="/wiki/John_K._Smith" title="John K. Smith">John K. Smith</a> opened his first pharmacy in Philadelphia in 1830. In 1865, <a href="/wiki/Mahlon_Kline" title="Mahlon Kline">Mahlon Kline</a> joined the business, which 10 years later became Smith, Kline & Co. In 1891, it merged with French, Richard and Company, and in 1929, changed its name to <a href="/wiki/Smith,_Kline_%26_French" title="Smith, Kline & French">Smith Kline & French Laboratories</a> as it focused more on research. Years later it bought Norden Laboratories, a business doing research into animal health, and <a href="/wiki/Recherche_et_Industrie_Th%C3%A9rapeutiques" title="Recherche et Industrie Thérapeutiques">Recherche et Industrie Thérapeutiques</a> in Belgium in 1963, to focus on vaccines. The company began to expand globally, buying seven laboratories in Canada and the United States in 1969. In 1982, it bought <a href="/wiki/Allergan" title="Allergan">Allergan</a>, a manufacturer of eye and skincare products.<a href="#cite_note-history-14">[13]</a> Smith Kline & French merged with Beckman Inc. in 1982, and changed its name to SmithKline Beckman.<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> In 1988, it bought International Clinical Laboratories.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Merger_2">Merger</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Merger">edit</a>]</div> In 1989, SmithKline Beckman merged with Beecham Group to form SmithKline Beecham P.L.C..<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> The headquarters moved from the United States to England. To expand R&D in the United States, the company bought a new research center in 1995; another opened in 1997, in England at <a href="/wiki/New_Frontiers_Science_Park" title="New Frontiers Science Park">New Frontiers Science Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harlow" title="Harlow">Harlow</a>.<a href="#cite_note-history-14">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000:_Glaxo_Wellcome_and_SmithKline_Beecham_merger">2000: Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham merger</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2000: Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham merger">edit</a>]</div> Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham announced their intention to merge in January 2000. The merger was completed on 27 December that year, forming GlaxoSmithKline (GSK).<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> The company's global headquarters were at GSK House, <a href="/wiki/Brentford" title="Brentford">Brentford</a>, London, officially opened in 2002, by then-Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a>. The building was erected at a cost of £300 million and as of 2002<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit">[update]</a> was home to 3,000 administrative staff.<a href="#cite_note-tele15702-41">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2001–2010">2001–2010</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2001–2010">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Witty_in_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="photograph" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Andrew_Witty_in_2015.jpg/220px-Andrew_Witty_in_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Andrew_Witty_in_2015.jpg/330px-Andrew_Witty_in_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Andrew_Witty_in_2015.jpg/440px-Andrew_Witty_in_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Witty" title="Andrew Witty">Andrew Witty</a>, GSK's CEO from May 2008, to April 2017</figcaption></figure> GSK completed the acquisition of New Jersey–based <a href="/wiki/Block_Drug" title="Block Drug">Block Drug</a> in 2001, for US$1.24 billion.<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> In 2006, GSK acquired the US-based consumer healthcare company CNS Inc., whose products included Breathe Right nasal strips and FiberChoice dietary supplements, for US$566 million in cash.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Gent" title="Chris Gent">Chris Gent</a>, previously CEO of <a href="/wiki/Vodafone" title="Vodafone">Vodafone</a>, was appointed chairman of the board in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> GSK opened its first R&D centre in China in 2007, in Shanghai, initially focused on neurodegenerative diseases.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Witty" title="Andrew Witty">Andrew Witty</a> became the chief executive officer in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a> Witty joined Glaxo in 1985, and had been president of GSK's Pharmaceuticals Europe since 2003.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> In 2009, GSK acquired <a href="/wiki/Stiefel_Laboratories" title="Stiefel Laboratories">Stiefel Laboratories</a>, then the world's largest independent dermatology drug company, for US$3.6 billion.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> In November 2009, the FDA approved GSK's vaccine for 2009 H1N1 influenza protection, manufactured by the company's ID Biomedical Corp in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> Also in November 2009, GSK formed a joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Pfizer" title="Pfizer">Pfizer</a> to create <a href="/wiki/ViiV_Healthcare" title="ViiV Healthcare">ViiV Healthcare</a>, which specializes in HIV research.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> In 2010, the company acquired Laboratorios Phoenix, an Argentine pharmaceutical company, for US$253m,<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> and the UK-based sports nutrition company Maxinutrition for £162 million (US$256 million).<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011–2022">2011–2022</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 2011–2022">edit</a>]</div> In 2011, in a US$660-million deal, <a href="/wiki/Prestige_Brands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prestige Brands">Prestige Brands Holdings</a> took over 17 GSK brands with sales of US$210 million, including <a href="/wiki/BC_Powder" title="BC Powder">BC Powder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beano_(dietary_supplement)" title="Beano (dietary supplement)">Beano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecotrin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecotrin">Ecotrin</a>, Fiber Choice, <a href="/wiki/Goody%27s_Powder" title="Goody's Powder">Goody's Powder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sominex" title="Sominex">Sominex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tagamet" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagamet">Tagamet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> In 2012, the company announced that it would invest £500 million in manufacturing facilities in <a href="/wiki/Ulverston" title="Ulverston">Ulverston</a>, northern England, designating it as the site for a previously announced biotech plant.<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> In May that year it acquired CellZome, a German biotech company, for US$98 million,<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> and in June, worldwide rights to <a href="/wiki/Alitretinoin" title="Alitretinoin">alitretinoin</a> (Toctino), an <a href="/wiki/Eczema" class="mw-redirect" title="Eczema">eczema</a> drug, for US$302 million.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> In 2013, GSK acquired <a href="/wiki/Human_Genome_Sciences" title="Human Genome Sciences">Human Genome Sciences</a> (HGS) for US$3 billion; the companies had collaborated on developing the <a href="/wiki/Lupus" title="Lupus">lupus</a> drug <a href="/wiki/Belimumab" title="Belimumab">Belimumab</a> (Benlysta), <a href="/wiki/Albiglutide" title="Albiglutide">albiglutide</a> for <a href="/wiki/Type_2_diabetes" title="Type 2 diabetes">type 2 diabetes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Darapladib" title="Darapladib">darapladib</a> for <a href="/wiki/Atherosclerosis" title="Atherosclerosis">atherosclerosis</a>,<a href="#cite_note-3Lessons-57">[56]</a> and in September, sold its beverage division to <a href="/wiki/Suntory" title="Suntory">Suntory</a>. This included the brands <a href="/wiki/Lucozade" title="Lucozade">Lucozade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ribena" title="Ribena">Ribena</a>; however, the deal did not include <a href="/wiki/Horlicks" title="Horlicks">Horlicks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Monaghan-58">[57]</a> In March 2014, GSK paid US$1 billion to raise its stake in its Indian pharmaceutical unit, <a href="/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline_Pharmaceuticals" title="GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals">GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals</a>, to 75 per cent as part of a move to focus on emerging markets.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> In April 2014, Novartis and Glaxo agreed on more than US$20 billion in deals, with Novartis selling its vaccine business to GSK and buying GSK's cancer business.<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-wsj4222014-61">[60]</a> In February 2015, GSK announced that it would acquire GlycoVaxyn, a Swiss pharmaceutical company, for US$190 million,<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> and in June that year that it would sell two <a href="/wiki/Meningitis" title="Meningitis">meningitis</a> drugs to <a href="/wiki/Pfizer" title="Pfizer">Pfizer</a>, Nimenrix and <a href="/wiki/Mencevax" class="mw-redirect" title="Mencevax">Mencevax</a> for around US$130 million.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> <a href="/wiki/Philip_Hampton" title="Philip Hampton">Philip Hampton</a>, at that time chair of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Bank_of_Scotland" title="Royal Bank of Scotland">Royal Bank of Scotland</a>, became GSK chairman in September 2015.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> On 31 March 2017, <a href="/wiki/Emma_Walmsley" title="Emma Walmsley">Emma Walmsley</a> became <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>. She is the first female CEO of the company.<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-successionAWtoEW-66">[65]</a> In December 2017, Reuters reported that Glaxo had increased its stake in its Saudi Arabian unit to 75% (from 49%) taking over control from its Saudi partner Banaja KSA Holding Company.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> With respect to <a href="/wiki/Rare_disease" title="Rare disease">rare diseases</a>, the company divested its portfolio of <a href="/wiki/Gene_therapy" title="Gene therapy">gene therapy</a> drugs to Orchard Therapeutics in April 2018.<a href="#cite_note-:0-68">[67]</a> In November 2018, <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> reported that <a href="/wiki/Unilever" title="Unilever">Unilever</a> was in prime position to acquire GSK's interest in its Indian unit, GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Ltd, in a sale that could generate around US$4 billion for the company.<a href="#cite_note-pole-69">[68]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé">Nestlé</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola" title="Coca-Cola">Coca-Cola</a> have also been reported to be interested in the business unit as they look to strengthen their presence in India.<a href="#cite_note-pole-69">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> On 3 December 2018, GSK announced that Unilever would acquire the Indian-listed GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare business for US$3.8 billion (£2.98 billion). Unilever will pay the majority of the deal in cash, with the remaining being paid in shares in its Indian operation, <a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Unilever" title="Hindustan Unilever">Hindustan Unilever Limited</a>. Upon completion, GSK will then own around 5.7% of Hindustan Unilever Limited, selling those shares in a number of tranches.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> The same day, the company also announced it would acquire oncology specialist, <a href="/wiki/Tesaro" title="Tesaro">Tesaro</a>, for US$5.1 billion. The deal will give GSK control of ovarian cancer treatment, <a href="/wiki/Zejula" class="mw-redirect" title="Zejula">Zejula</a> - a member of the class of <a href="/wiki/Poly_ADP_ribose_polymerase" class="mw-redirect" title="Poly ADP ribose polymerase">poly ADP ribose polymerase</a> (PARP) inhibitors.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> In October 2019, GSK agreed to sell its <a href="/wiki/Rabies" title="Rabies">rabies</a> vaccine, <a href="/wiki/RabAvert" class="mw-redirect" title="RabAvert">RabAvert</a>, and its <a href="/wiki/Tick-borne_encephalitis" title="Tick-borne encephalitis">tick-borne encephalitis</a> vaccine, <a href="/wiki/Encepur" class="mw-redirect" title="Encepur">Encepur</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Nordic" title="Bavarian Nordic">Bavarian Nordic</a> for US$1.06 billion (€955 million).<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> In July 2020, GSK acquired a 10% stake in German biotech company <a href="/wiki/CureVac" title="CureVac">CureVac</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="GSK–Novartis_consumer_healthcare_buy-out">GSK–Novartis consumer healthcare buy-out</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: GSK–Novartis consumer healthcare buy-out">edit</a>]</div> In March 2018, GSK announced that it has reached an agreement with <a href="/wiki/Novartis" title="Novartis">Novartis</a> to acquire Novartis's 36.5% stake in their Consumer Healthcare Joint Venture for US$13 billion (£9.2 billion).<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-68">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="GSK–Pfizer_joint_venture">GSK–Pfizer joint venture</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: GSK–Pfizer joint venture">edit</a>]</div> In December 2018, GSK announced that it, along with <a href="/wiki/Pfizer" title="Pfizer">Pfizer</a>, had reached an agreement to merge and combine their consumer healthcare divisions into a single entity. The combined entity would have sales of around £9.8 billion ($12.7 billion), with GSK maintaining a 68% controlling stake in the joint venture. Pfizer would own the remaining 32% shareholding. The deal builds on an earlier 2018 deal where GSK bought out Novartis' stake in the GSK-Novartis consumer healthcare joint business.<a href="#cite_note-split-77">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Subsequent_split">Subsequent split</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Subsequent split">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GSK_logo_2014.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a6/GSK_logo_2014.svg/100px-GSK_logo_2014.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a6/GSK_logo_2014.svg/150px-GSK_logo_2014.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a6/GSK_logo_2014.svg/200px-GSK_logo_2014.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="242" /></a><figcaption>Prior logo before 9 June 2022</figcaption></figure> The culmination of the Consumer Healthcare string of deals will result in GSK splitting into two separate companies, via a demerger and subsequent listing of the joint venture. This will create two publicly traded companies, one focusing on pharmaceuticals and research & development, the other on consumer healthcare. On 22 February 2022, GSK announced that the spin-off consumer healthcare company will be called <a href="/wiki/Haleon" title="Haleon">Haleon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-split-77">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> In January 2022, the company announced that they had received three unsolicited offers from <a href="/wiki/Unilever" title="Unilever">Unilever</a> to acquire the Consumer Healthcare business unit, with the final proposal valuing the business unit at £50 billion (£41.7 billion in cash, plus £8.3 billion in Unilever shares).<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> Subsequently, GSK declined all outside offers/attempts to acquire its consumer healthcare business and moved forward with its plan to complete the demerger from the main biopharmaceutical business.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_developments">Recent developments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Recent developments">edit</a>]</div> In April 2022, the business announced it would acquire Sierra Oncology Inc for $1.9 billion ($55 per share).<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> In May 2022, GSK announced it would acquire Affinivax and its phase II 24-valent <a href="/wiki/Pneumococcal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pneumococcal">pneumococcal</a> vaccine candidate for up to $3.3 billion, strengthening its vaccine business.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> On 16 May 2022, the company changed its name from GlaxoSmithKline to GSK.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> In April 2023, GSK announced it would acquire Bellus Health Inc. for $2 billion.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> In February 2024, the company acquired <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aiolos_Bio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aiolos Bio (page does not exist)">Aiolos Bio</a> for over $1 billion, adding to its existing asthma business through <a href="/w/index.php?title=AIO-001&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AIO-001 (page does not exist)">AIO-001</a> a long-acting <a href="/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody" title="Monoclonal antibody">monoclonal antibody</a> that targets the <a href="/wiki/Thymic_stromal_lymphopoietin" title="Thymic stromal lymphopoietin">thymic stromal lymphopoietin</a> cytokine.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> In May 2024, GSK sold off its 4.2% shares in Haleon for $1.58 billion.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> In July 2024, GSK moved its headquarters from Brentford to <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Street" title="Oxford Street">New Oxford Street</a> in central London.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Acquisition-history_diagram">Acquisition-history diagram</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Acquisition-history diagram">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:1px #aaa solid;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">GlaxoSmithKline Structure</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li>GSK <ul><li>GlaxoSmithKline <ul><li>SmithKline Beecham Plc (Renamed 1989) <ul><li>SmithKline Beckman (Renamed 1982) <ul><li>SmithKline-RIT (Renamed 1968) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smith,_Kline_%26_French" title="Smith, Kline & French">Smith, Kline & French</a> (Reorganized 1929 into Smith Kline and French Laboratories) <ul><li>French, Richards and Company (Acquired 1891)</li> <li>Smith, Kline and Company</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recherche_et_Industrie_Th%C3%A9rapeutiques" title="Recherche et Industrie Thérapeutiques">Recherche et Industrie Thérapeutiques</a> (Acquired 1968)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beckman_Instruments,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Beckman Instruments, Inc.">Beckman Instruments, Inc.</a> (Merged 1982, Sold 1989) <ul><li>Specialized Instruments Corp. (Acquired 1954)</li> <li>Offner Electronics (Acquired 1961)</li></ul></li> <li>International Clinical Laboratories (Acquired 1989)</li> <li>Reckitt & Colman (Acquired 1999)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beecham_Group" title="Beecham Group">Beecham Group</a> Plc (Merged 1989) <ul><li>Beecham Group Ltd <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S._E._Massengill_Company" title="S. E. Massengill Company">S. E. Massengill Company</a> (Acquired 1971)</li> <li>C.L. Bencard (Acquired 1953)</li> <li>County Chemicals</li></ul></li> <li>Norcliff Thayer (Acquired 1986)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Glaxo Wellcome <ul><li>Glaxo (Merged 1995) <ul><li>Joseph Nathan & Co</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_%26_Hanburys" title="Allen & Hanburys">Allen & Hanburys</a> (Founded 1715, acquired 1958)</li> <li>Meyer Laboratories (Merged 1978)</li> <li>Affymax (Acquired 1995)</li></ul></li> <li>Wellcome Foundation (Renamed 1924, merged 1995) <ul><li>Burroughs Wellcome & Company (Founded 1880)</li> <li>McDougall & Robertson Inc (Acquired 1959)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_Drug" title="Block Drug">Block Drug</a> (Acquired 2001)</li> <li>CNS Inc. (Acquired 2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stiefel_Laboratories" title="Stiefel Laboratories">Stiefel Laboratories</a> (Acquired 2009)</li> <li>Laboratorios Phoenix (Acquired 2010)</li> <li>Maxinutrition (Acquired 2010)</li> <li>CellZome (Acquired 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Genome_Sciences" title="Human Genome Sciences">Human Genome Sciences</a> (Acquired 2013)</li> <li>GlycoVaxyn (Acquired 2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesaro" title="Tesaro">Tesaro</a> (Acquired 2019)</li> <li>Sitari Pharmaceuticals (Acquired 2019)</li> <li>Sierra Oncology (Acquired 2022)</li> <li>Affinivax (Acquired 2022)</li> <li>Bellus Health Inc. (Acquired 2023)</li> <li>Aiolos Bio (Acquired 2024)</li></ul></li></ul> </div> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_areas_and_products">Research areas and products</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Research areas and products">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_GSK_plc_products" title="List of GSK plc products">List of GSK plc products</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pharmaceuticals">Pharmaceuticals</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Pharmaceuticals">edit</a>]</div> GSK manufactures products for major disease areas such as asthma, cancer, infections, diabetes, and mental health. Medicines historically discovered or developed at GSK and its legacy companies and now sold as generics include <a href="/wiki/Amoxicillin" title="Amoxicillin">amoxicillin</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amoxicillin-clavulanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Amoxicillin-clavulanate">amoxicillin-clavulanate</a>,<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ticarcillin/clavulanic_acid" title="Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid">ticarcillin-clavulanate</a>,<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mupirocin" title="Mupirocin">mupirocin</a>,<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ceftazidime" title="Ceftazidime">ceftazidime</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> for bacterial infections, <a href="/wiki/Zidovudine" title="Zidovudine">zidovudine</a> for <a href="/wiki/HIV_infection" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV infection">HIV infection</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valacyclovir" class="mw-redirect" title="Valacyclovir">valacyclovir</a> for herpes virus infections, <a href="/wiki/Albendazole" title="Albendazole">albendazole</a> for parasitic infections, <a href="/wiki/Sumatriptan" title="Sumatriptan">sumatriptan</a> for <a href="/wiki/Migraine" title="Migraine">migraine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lamotrigine" title="Lamotrigine">lamotrigine</a> for epilepsy, <a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">bupropion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paroxetine" title="Paroxetine">paroxetine</a> for <a href="/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder" title="Major depressive disorder">major depressive disorder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cimetidine" title="Cimetidine">cimetidine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ranitidine" title="Ranitidine">ranitidine</a> for <a href="/wiki/Gastroesophageal_reflux_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastroesophageal reflux disorder">gastroesophageal reflux disorder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercaptopurine" title="Mercaptopurine">mercaptopurine</a><a href="#cite_note-pubs.acs.org-96">[95]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thioguanine" class="mw-redirect" title="Thioguanine">thioguanine</a><a href="#cite_note-ScienceHistory-97">[96]</a> for the treatment of leukemia, <a href="/wiki/Allopurinol" title="Allopurinol">allopurinol</a> for <a href="/wiki/Gout" title="Gout">gout</a>,<a href="#cite_note-The_purine_path_to_chemotherapy-98">[97]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pyrimethamine" title="Pyrimethamine">pyrimethamine</a> for <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a>,<a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-99">[98]</a> and the antibacterial <a href="/wiki/Trimethoprim" title="Trimethoprim">trimethoprim</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ScienceHistory-97">[96]</a> Among these, albendazole, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, allopurinol, mercaptopurine, mupirocin, pyrimethamine, ranitidine, thioguanine, trimethoprim, and zidovudine are on the <a href="/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines" title="WHO Model List of Essential Medicines">World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WHO21st-9">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malaria_vaccine">Malaria vaccine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Malaria vaccine">edit</a>]</div> In 2014, GSK applied for regulatory approval for the first <a href="/wiki/Malaria_vaccine" title="Malaria vaccine">malaria vaccine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-malariavaccine-8">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">Malaria</a> is responsible for over 650,000 deaths annually, mainly in Africa.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> Known as <a href="/wiki/RTS,S" title="RTS,S">RTS,S</a>, the vaccine was developed as a joint project with the <a href="/wiki/PATH_(global_health_organization)" title="PATH (global health organization)">PATH</a> vaccines initiative and the <a href="/wiki/Bill_and_Melinda_Gates_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation">Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation</a>. The company has committed to making the vaccine available in developing countries for five per cent above the cost of production.<a href="#cite_note-malariavaccine-8">[7]</a> As of 2013<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit">[update]</a>, RTS,S, which uses GSK's proprietary AS01 adjuvant, was being examined in a Phase 3 trial in eight African countries. PATH reported that "[i]n the 12-month period following vaccination, RTS,S conferred approximately 50% protection from clinical Plasmodium falciparum disease in children aged 5-17 months, and approximately 30% protection in children aged 6-12 weeks when administered in conjunction with Expanded Program for Immunization (EPI) vaccines."<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> In 2014, Glaxo said it had spent more than US$350 million and expected to spend an additional US$260 million before seeking regulatory approval.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consumer_healthcare">Consumer healthcare</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Consumer healthcare">edit</a>]</div> GSK's consumer healthcare division, which earned £5.2 billion in 2013, sells oral healthcare, including <a href="/wiki/List_of_toothpaste_brands" title="List of toothpaste brands">Aquafresh</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_toothpaste_brands" title="List of toothpaste brands">Macleans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sensodyne" title="Sensodyne">Sensodyne</a> toothpastes. GSK also previously owned the <a href="/wiki/Lucozade" title="Lucozade">Lucozade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ribena" title="Ribena">Ribena</a> brands of soft drinks, but they were sold in 2013, to <a href="/wiki/Suntory" title="Suntory">Suntory</a> for £1.35bn.<a href="#cite_note-Monaghan-58">[57]</a> Other products include <a href="/wiki/Docosanol" class="mw-redirect" title="Docosanol">Abreva</a> to treat cold sores; Night Nurse, a cold remedy; Breathe Right <a href="/wiki/Nasal_strip" title="Nasal strip">nasal strips</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Nicoderm" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicoderm">Nicoderm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nicorette" title="Nicorette">Nicorette</a> nicotine replacements.<a href="#cite_note-Maj07-104">[103]</a> In March 2014, it recalled <a href="/wiki/Orlistat" title="Orlistat">Alli</a>, an over-the-counter weight-loss drug, in the United States and <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> because of possible tampering, following customer complaints.<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Facilities">Facilities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Facilities">edit</a>]</div> As of 2013<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit">[update]</a>, GSK had offices in over 115 countries and employed over 99,000 people, 12,500 in <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">R&D</a>. The company's single largest market is the United States. Its US headquarters are in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Durham, North Carolina; its consumer-products division is in <a href="/wiki/Moon_Township,_Pennsylvania" title="Moon Township, Pennsylvania">Moon Township, Pennsylvania</a>.<a href="#cite_note-achievements-106">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="COVID-19_vaccine">COVID-19 vaccine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: COVID-19 vaccine">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sanofi%E2%80%93GSK_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Sanofi–GSK COVID-19 vaccine">Sanofi–GSK COVID-19 vaccine</a></div> In July 2020, the UK government signed up for 60 million doses of a <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine" title="COVID-19 vaccine">COVID-19 vaccine</a> developed by GSK and <a href="/wiki/Sanofi" title="Sanofi">Sanofi</a>. It uses a <a href="/wiki/Recombinant_DNA" title="Recombinant DNA">recombinant protein</a>–based technology from Sanofi and GSK's pandemic technology. The companies claimed to be able to produce one billion doses, subject to successful trials and regulatory approval, during the first half of 2021.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> The company also agreed to a $2.1 billion deal with the United States to produce 100 million doses of the vaccine.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Venture_arms">Venture arms</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Venture arms">edit</a>]</div> SR One was established in 1985, by SmithKline Beecham to invest in new biotechnology companies and continued operating after GSK was formed; by 2003, GSK had formed another subsidiary, GSK Ventures, to out-license or start new companies around drug candidates that it did not intend to develop further.<a href="#cite_note-JPE2003-109">[108]</a> As of 2003<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit">[update]</a>, SR One tended to invest only if the company aligned with GSK's business.<a href="#cite_note-JPE2003-109">[108]</a> In September 2019, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avalon_Ventures&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avalon Ventures (page does not exist)">Avalon Ventures</a> announced that it entered into a definitive agreement with GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) for the acquisition of Sitari Pharmaceuticals by GSK. This includes its <a href="/wiki/Transglutaminase_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Transglutaminase 2">transglutaminase 2</a> (TG2) small molecule program for the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Celiac_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Celiac disease">celiac disease</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recognition,_philanthropy_and_social_responsibility">Recognition, philanthropy and social responsibility</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Recognition, philanthropy and social responsibility">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scientific_recognition">Scientific recognition</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Scientific recognition">edit</a>]</div> Four GlaxoSmithKline scientists have been recognized by the Nobel Committee for their contributions to basic medical science and/or therapeutics development. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hallett_Dale" title="Henry Hallett Dale">Henry Dale</a>, a former student of <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ehrlich" title="Paul Ehrlich">Paul Ehrlich</a>, received the 1936 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize in Medicine">Nobel Prize in Medicine</a> for his work on the chemical transmission of neural impulses. Dale served as a pharmacologist and then as Director of the Wellcome Physiological Research Laboratories from 1904 to 1914, and later served as Trustee and chairman of the board of the <a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Trust" title="Wellcome Trust">Wellcome Trust</a>.<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Vane" title="John Vane">John Vane</a> of Wellcome Research Laboratories shared the 1982 Nobel Prize for Medicine for his work on prostaglandin biology and the discovery of <a href="/wiki/Prostacyclin" title="Prostacyclin">prostacyclin</a>. Vane served as group research and development director for The Wellcome Foundation from 1973 to 1985.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Gertrude B. Elion</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Hitchings" class="mw-redirect" title="George Hitchings">George Hitchings</a>, both of the Wellcome Research Laboratories, shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Medicine with <a href="/wiki/Sir_James_W._Black" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir James W. Black">Sir James W. Black</a>, formerly of Smith Kline & French and the Wellcome Foundation, ""for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment"." Elion and Hitchings were responsible for the discovery of a plethora of important drugs, including mercaptopurine<a href="#cite_note-pubs.acs.org-96">[95]</a> and thioguanine<a href="#cite_note-ScienceHistory-97">[96]</a> for the treatment of leukemia, the immunosuppressant azothioprine,<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> allopurinol for gout,<a href="#cite_note-The_purine_path_to_chemotherapy-98">[97]</a> pyrimethamine for malaria,<a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-99">[98]</a> the antibacterial trimethoprim,<a href="#cite_note-ScienceHistory-97">[96]</a> acyclovir for herpes virus infection,<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> and nelarabine for cancer treatment.<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philanthropy_and_social_responsibility">Philanthropy and social responsibility</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Philanthropy and social responsibility">edit</a>]</div> Since 2010, GlaxoSmithKline has several times ranked first among pharmaceutical companies on the Global Access to Medicines Index, which is funded by the <a href="/wiki/Bill_and_Melinda_Gates_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation">Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-www.accesstomedicineindex.org-116">[115]</a> In 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Campaign" title="Human Rights Campaign">Human Rights Campaign</a>, an <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a>-rights advocacy group gave GSK a score of 100 per cent in its <a href="/wiki/Corporate_Equality_Index" title="Corporate Equality Index">Corporate Equality Index</a>.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> GSK has been active, with the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> (WHO), in the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GAELF). Around 120 million people globally are believed to be infected with <a href="/wiki/Filariasis" title="Filariasis">lymphatic filariasis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> In 2012, the company endorsed the <a href="/wiki/London_Declaration_on_Neglected_Tropical_Diseases" title="London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases">London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases</a>; it agreed to donate 400 million <a href="/wiki/Albendazole" title="Albendazole">albendazole</a> tablets to the WHO each year to fight <a href="/wiki/Soil-transmitted_helminthiasis" title="Soil-transmitted helminthiasis">soil-transmitted helminthiasis</a> and to provide 600 million albendazole tablets every year for lymphatic filariasis until the disease is eradicated.<a href="#cite_note-bill-119">[118]</a> As of 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit">[update]</a>, over 5 billion treatments had been delivered, and 18 of 73 countries in which the disease is considered endemic had progressed to the surveillance stage.<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a> In 2009, the company said it would cut drug prices by 25 per cent in 50 of the poorest nations, release intellectual property rights for substances and processes relevant to neglected disease into a <a href="/wiki/Patent_pool" title="Patent pool">patent pool</a> to encourage new drug development, and invest 20 per cent of profits from the least-developed countries in medical infrastructure for those countries.<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Médecins Sans Frontières</a> welcomed the decision, but criticized GSK for failing to include HIV patents in its patent pool and for not including middle-income countries in the initiative.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> In 2013, GSK licensed its HIV portfolio to the Medicines Patent Pool for use in children, and agreed to negotiate a license for <a href="/wiki/Dolutegravir" title="Dolutegravir">dolutegravir</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Integrase_inhibitor" title="Integrase inhibitor">integrase inhibitor</a> then in clinical development.<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> In 2014, this license was extended to include dolutegravir and adults with HIV. The licenses include countries in which 93 per cent of adults and 99 per cent of children with HIV live.<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> Also in 2013 GSK joined <a href="/wiki/AllTrials" title="AllTrials">AllTrials</a>, a British campaign to ensure that all clinical trials are registered and the results reported. The company said it would make its past clinical-trial reports available and future ones within a year of the studies' end.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> GSK has largely had an access strategy, providing medicines at a subsidized price to lower and middle income markets including Africa under the former CEO Andrew Witty. In 2017, its new CEO, Emma Walmsley,<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> shifted away from this with GSK exiting all Sub-Saharan African markets and there being no plans to provide its newer expensive oncology and genetics pipeline to this population.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1973_Antitrust_case_over_griseofulvin">1973 Antitrust case over griseofulvin</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: 1973 Antitrust case over griseofulvin">edit</a>]</div> In the 1960s, Glaxo Group Ltd. (Glaxo) and Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) each owned patents covering various aspects of the antifungal drug <a href="/wiki/Griseofulvin" title="Griseofulvin">griseofulvin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GSKICI-129">[128]</a>: 54, nn. 1–2 <a href="#cite_note-LaHatte-130">[129]</a> They created a <a href="/wiki/Patent_pool" title="Patent pool">patent pool</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cross-licensing" title="Cross-licensing">cross-licensing</a> their patents, subject to express licensing restrictions that the chemical from which the "finished" form of the drug (tablets and capsules) was made must not be resold in bulk form, and they licensed other drug companies to sell the drug in finished form and subject to similar restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-GSKICI-129">[128]</a>: 54–55 <a href="#cite_note-LaHatte-130">[129]</a> The effect and intent of the <a href="/wiki/Bulk-sale_restriction" title="Bulk-sale restriction">bulk-sale restriction</a> was to keep the drug chemical out of the hands of small companies that might act as price-cutters, and the effect was to maintain stable, uniform prices.<a href="#cite_note-Leslie-131">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jacobson-133">[132]</a> The United States brought an antitrust suit against the two companies—<a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Glaxo_Group_Ltd." title="United States v. Glaxo Group Ltd.">United States v. Glaxo Group Ltd.</a>—charging them with violation of the Sherman Act and also seeking to have the patents declared invalid.<a href="#cite_note-GSKICI-129">[128]</a>: 55 <a href="#cite_note-LaHatte-130">[129]</a> The trial court found that the defendants had engaged in several unlawful conspiracies, but dismissed the part of the suit seeking invalidation of patents and refused to grant as relief mandatory sales of the bulk drug chemical and compulsory licensing of the patents.<a href="#cite_note-GSKICI-129">[128]</a>: 56 <a href="#cite_note-LaHatte-130">[129]</a> The government appealed to the Supreme Court, which reversed, in <a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Glaxo_Group_Ltd." title="United States v. Glaxo Group Ltd.">United States v. Glaxo Group Ltd.</a>, 410 U.S. 52 (1973).<a href="#cite_note-LaHatte-130">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s_Ribena">2000s Ribena</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: 2000s Ribena">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribena_bottle_(front_label_closeup).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="photograph" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Ribena_bottle_%28front_label_closeup%29.jpg/220px-Ribena_bottle_%28front_label_closeup%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Ribena_bottle_%28front_label_closeup%29.jpg/330px-Ribena_bottle_%28front_label_closeup%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Ribena_bottle_%28front_label_closeup%29.jpg/440px-Ribena_bottle_%28front_label_closeup%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribena_bottle_(back_label_closeup).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="photograph" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ribena_bottle_%28back_label_closeup%29.jpg/220px-Ribena_bottle_%28back_label_closeup%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ribena_bottle_%28back_label_closeup%29.jpg/330px-Ribena_bottle_%28back_label_closeup%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ribena_bottle_%28back_label_closeup%29.jpg/440px-Ribena_bottle_%28back_label_closeup%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Old Ribena bottle, year unknown, made by Beecham Products, Brentford, Middlesex; the label states: "widely used in hospitals and clinics."</div></div></div></div></div> There were concerns in the 2000s about the sugar and vitamin content of <a href="/wiki/Ribena" title="Ribena">Ribena</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Blackcurrant" title="Blackcurrant">blackcurrant</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Syrup" title="Syrup">syrup</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soft_drink" title="Soft drink">soft drink</a> owned by GSK until 2013. Produced in England by H.W. Carter & Co from the 1930s, the company's unbranded syrup was distributed to children as a source of <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">vitamin C</a> during World War II, which gave the drink a reputation as good for health. <a href="/wiki/Beecham_Group" title="Beecham Group">Beecham</a> bought H. W. Carter in 1955.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> In 2001, the British <a href="/wiki/Advertising_Standards_Authority_(United_Kingdom)" title="Advertising Standards Authority (United Kingdom)">Advertising Standards Authority</a> (ASA) required GSK to withdraw its claim that Ribena Toothkind, a lower-sugar variety, did not encourage tooth decay. A company poster showed bottles of Toothkind in place of the bristles on a toothbrush. The ASA's ruling was upheld by the High Court.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> In 2007, GSK was fined US$217,000 in New Zealand over its claim that ready-to-drink Ribena contained high levels of vitamin C, after two schoolgirls showed it contained no detectable vitamin C.<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> In 2013, GSK sold Ribena and another drink, <a href="/wiki/Lucozade" title="Lucozade">Lucozade</a>, to the Japanese multinational <a href="/wiki/Suntory" title="Suntory">Suntory</a> for £1.35 billion.<a href="#cite_note-Monaghan-58">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SB_Pharmco_Puerto_Rico">SB Pharmco Puerto Rico</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: SB Pharmco Puerto Rico">edit</a>]</div> In 2010, the US Department of Justice announced that GSK would pay a US$150 million criminal fine and forfeiture, and a civil settlement of US$600 million under the False Claims Act. The fines stemmed from production of improperly made and adulterated drugs from 2001 to 2005, at GSK's subsidiary, SB Pharmco Puerto Rico Inc., in Cidra, Puerto Rico, which at the time produced US$5.5 billion of products each year. The drugs involved were <a href="/wiki/Kytril" class="mw-redirect" title="Kytril">Kytril</a>, an antiemetic; <a href="/wiki/Bactroban" class="mw-redirect" title="Bactroban">Bactroban</a>, used to treat skin infections; Paxil, the anti-depressant; and <a href="/wiki/Avandamet" class="mw-redirect" title="Avandamet">Avandamet</a>, a diabetes drug.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> GSK closed the factory in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-NYTPuerto-138">[137]</a> The case began in 2002, when GSK sent experts to fix problems cited by the FDA. The lead inspector recommended recalls of defective products, but they were not authorised; she was fired in 2003, and filed a whistleblower lawsuit. In 2005, federal marshals seized US$2 billion worth of products, the largest such seizure in history. In the 2010 settlement SB Pharmco pleaded guilty to criminal charges, and agreed to pay US$150 million in a criminal fine and forfeiture, at that time the largest such payment ever by a manufacturer of adulterated drugs, and US$600 million in civil penalties to settle the civil lawsuit.<a href="#cite_note-NYTPuerto-138">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010_Pandemrix_connected_with_narcolepsy">2010 Pandemrix connected with narcolepsy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: 2010 Pandemrix connected with narcolepsy">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Pandemrix" title="Pandemrix">Pandemrix</a> <a href="/wiki/Influenza_vaccine" title="Influenza vaccine">influenza vaccine</a> was developed by GlaxoSmithKline in 2006. It was used by Finland and Sweden in the <a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic_vaccine" title="2009 swine flu pandemic vaccine">H1N1 mass vaccination</a> of the population against the <a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic" title="2009 swine flu pandemic">2009 swine flu pandemic</a>. In August 2010, <a href="/wiki/Medical_Products_Agency_(Sweden)" title="Medical Products Agency (Sweden)">The Swedish Medical Products Agency (MPA)</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Health_and_Welfare_(THL),_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland">The Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)</a> launched investigations regarding the development of <a href="/wiki/Narcolepsy" title="Narcolepsy">narcolepsy</a> as a possible side effect to Pandemrix flu vaccination in children,<a href="#cite_note-lakemedelsverket.se-139">[138]</a> and found a 6.6-fold increased risk among children and youths, resulting in 3.6 additional cases of narcolepsy per 100,000 vaccinated subjects.<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a> In February 2011, <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Health_and_Welfare_(THL),_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Finland">The Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)</a> concluded that there is a clear connection between the Pandemrix vaccination campaign of 2009 and 2010, and the narcolepsy epidemic in Finland. A total of 152 cases of narcolepsy were found in Finland during 2009–2010, and ninety per cent of them had received the Pandemrix vaccination.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> Sweden however observed very few influenza cases totally in 2009 and especially 2010 as compared to most other years.<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> In 2015, it was reported that the British <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Health (United Kingdom)">Department of Health</a> was paying for <a href="/wiki/Sodium_oxybate" title="Sodium oxybate">Sodium oxybate</a> medication for 80 patients who are taking legal action over problems linked to the use of the swine flu vaccine, at a cost to the government of £12,000 per patient per year.<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2012_criminal_and_civil_settlement">2012 criminal and civil settlement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: 2012 criminal and civil settlement">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Overview">Overview</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Overview">edit</a>]</div> In July 2012, GSK pleaded guilty in the United States to criminal charges, and agreed to pay US$3 billion, in what was the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Largest_Pharmaceutical_Settlements" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Largest Pharmaceutical Settlements">largest settlement</a> until then between the Justice Department and a drug company. The US$3 billion included a criminal fine of US$956,814,400 and forfeiture of US$43,185,600. The remaining US$2 billion covered a civil settlement with the government under the <a href="/wiki/False_Claims_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="False Claims Act">False Claims Act</a>. The investigation was launched largely on the basis of information from four whistleblowers who filed <a href="/wiki/Qui_tam" title="Qui tam">qui tam</a> (whistleblower) lawsuits against the company under the False Claims Act.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> The charges stemmed from GSK's promotion of the anti-depressants Paxil (<a href="/wiki/Paroxetine" title="Paroxetine">paroxetine</a>) and Wellbutrin (<a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">bupropion</a>) for unapproved uses from 1998 to 2003, specifically as suitable for patients under the age of 18, and from its failure to report safety data about Avandia (<a href="/wiki/Rosiglitazone" title="Rosiglitazone">rosiglitazone</a>), both in violation of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Food,_Drug,_and_Cosmetic_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act">Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act</a>. Other drugs promoted for unapproved uses were two inhalers, Advair (<a href="/wiki/Fluticasone/salmeterol" title="Fluticasone/salmeterol">fluticasone/salmeterol</a>) and Flovent (<a href="/wiki/Fluticasone_propionate" title="Fluticasone propionate">fluticasone propionate</a>), as well as Zofran (<a href="/wiki/Ondansetron" title="Ondansetron">ondansetron</a>), Imitrex (<a href="/wiki/Sumatriptan" title="Sumatriptan">sumatriptan</a>), Lotronex (<a href="/wiki/Alosetron" title="Alosetron">alosetron</a>) and Valtrex (<a href="/wiki/Valaciclovir" title="Valaciclovir">valaciclovir</a>).<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> The settlement also covered reporting false best prices and underpaying rebates owed under the <a href="/wiki/Medicaid_Drug_Rebate_Program" title="Medicaid Drug Rebate Program">Medicaid Drug Rebate Program</a>, and kickbacks to physicians to prescribe GSK's drugs. There were all-expenses-paid spa treatments and hunting trips for doctors and their spouses, speakers' fees at conferences, and payment for articles <a href="/wiki/Medical_ghostwriter" title="Medical ghostwriter">ghostwritten</a> by the company and placed by physicians in medical journals.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> The company set up a ghostwriting programme called CASPPER, initially to produce articles about Paxil but which was extended to cover Avandia.<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> As part of the settlement GSK signed a five-year <a href="/wiki/Corporate_integrity_agreement" title="Corporate integrity agreement">corporate integrity agreement</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Health and Human Services">Department of Health and Human Services</a>, which obliged the company to make major changes in the way it did business, including changing its compensation programmes for its sales force and executives, and to implement and maintain transparency in its research practices and publication policies.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> It announced in 2013, that it would no longer pay doctors to promote its drugs or attend medical conferences, and that its sales staff would no longer have prescription targets.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters17Dec2013-147">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rosiglitazone_(Avandia)">Rosiglitazone (Avandia)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Rosiglitazone (Avandia)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Rosiglitazone#Adverse_effects" title="Rosiglitazone">Rosiglitazone § Adverse effects</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rosiglitazone#Lawsuits" title="Rosiglitazone">Rosiglitazone § Lawsuits</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Avandia_2mg_oral_tablet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Avandia_2mg_oral_tablet.jpg/220px-Avandia_2mg_oral_tablet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Avandia_2mg_oral_tablet.jpg/330px-Avandia_2mg_oral_tablet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Avandia_2mg_oral_tablet.jpg/440px-Avandia_2mg_oral_tablet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rosiglitazone" title="Rosiglitazone">Rosiglitazone</a></figcaption></figure> The 2012 settlement included a criminal fine of US$242,612,800 for failing to report safety data to the FDA about Avandia (<a href="/wiki/Rosiglitazone" title="Rosiglitazone">rosiglitazone</a>), a <a href="/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetes mellitus type 2">diabetes</a> drug approved in 1999, and a civil settlement of US$657 million for making false claims about it. The Justice Department said GSK had promoted rosiglitazone to physicians with misleading information, including that it conferred cardiovascular benefits despite an FDA-mandated label warning of cardiovascular risks.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> In 1999, <a href="/wiki/John_Buse" title="John Buse">John Buse</a>, a diabetes specialist, told medical conferences that rosiglitazone might carry an increased risk of cardiovascular problems. GSK threatened to sue him, called his university head of department, and persuaded him to sign a retraction.<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> GSK raised questions internally about the drug's safety in 2000, and in 2002, the company <a href="/wiki/Medical_ghostwriter" title="Medical ghostwriter">ghostwrote</a> an article in <a href="/wiki/Circulation_(journal)" title="Circulation (journal)">Circulation</a> describing a GSK funded clinical trial that suggested rosiglitazone might have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular risk.<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> From 2001, reports began to link the <a href="/wiki/Thiazolidinedione" title="Thiazolidinedione">thiazolidinediones</a> (the class of drugs to which rosiglitazone belongs) to <a href="/wiki/Heart_failure" title="Heart failure">heart failure</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pmid20154334-150">[149]</a> In April that year, GSK began a six-year, <a href="/wiki/Open-label_trial" title="Open-label trial">open-label</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randomized_controlled_trial" title="Randomized controlled trial">randomized trial</a>, known as RECORD, to examine rosiglitazone and cardiovascular events.<a href="#cite_note-RECORDLancet-151">[150]</a> Two GSK <a href="/wiki/Meta-analysis" title="Meta-analysis">meta-analyses</a> in 2005, and 2006, showed an increased risk of cardiovascular problems with rosiglitazone; the information was passed to the FDA and posted on the company website, but not otherwise published. By December 2006, rosiglitazone had become the top-selling diabetes drug, with annual sales of US$3.3 billion.<a href="#cite_note-pmid20154334-150">[149]</a> In June 2007, <a href="/wiki/The_New_England_Journal_of_Medicine" title="The New England Journal of Medicine">The New England Journal of Medicine</a> published a meta-analysis that associated the drug with an increased risk of <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">heart attack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> GSK had reportedly tried to persuade one of the authors, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Nissen" title="Steven Nissen">Steven Nissen</a>, not to publish it, after receiving an advance copy from one of the journal's peer reviewers, a GSK consultant.<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a> In July 2007, FDA scientists suggested that rosiglitazone had caused 83,000 excess heart attacks between 1999 and 2007.<a href="#cite_note-Senatereport-155">[154]</a>: 4 <a href="#cite_note-Graham-156">[155]</a> The FDA placed restrictions on the drug, including adding a <a href="/wiki/Boxed_warning" title="Boxed warning">boxed warning</a>, but did not withdraw it.<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a> (In 2013, the FDA rejected that the drug had caused excess heart attacks.)<a href="#cite_note-FDAheart-158">[157]</a> A <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Finance" title="United States Senate Committee on Finance">Senate Finance Committee</a> inquiry concluded in 2010, that GSK had sought to intimidate scientists who had concerns about rosiglitazone.<a href="#cite_note-Senatereport-155">[154]</a> In February that year the company tried to halt publication of an editorial about the controversy by Nissen in the European Heart Journal.<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a> The results of GSK's RECORD trial were published in June 2009. It confirmed an association between rosiglitazone and an increased risk of heart failure and fractures, but not of heart attack, and concluded that it "does not increase the risk of overall cardiovascular morbidity or mortality compared with standard glucose-lowering drugs."<a href="#cite_note-RECORDLancet-151">[150]</a> Steven Nissan and Kathy Wolkski argued that the study's low event rates reduced its statistical power.<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a> In September 2009, rosiglitazone was suspended in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a> The results of the RECORD study were confirmed in 2013, by the Duke Clinical Research Institute, in an independent review required by the FDA.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> In November that year the FDA lifted the restrictions it had placed on the drug.<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> The boxed warning about heart attack was removed; the warning about heart failure remained in place.<a href="#cite_note-FDAheart-158">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paroxetine_(Paxil/Seroxat)">Paroxetine (Paxil/Seroxat)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Paroxetine (Paxil/Seroxat)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Study_329" title="Study 329">Study 329</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paroxetine_pill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Paroxetine_pill.jpg/220px-Paroxetine_pill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Paroxetine_pill.jpg/330px-Paroxetine_pill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Paroxetine_pill.jpg/440px-Paroxetine_pill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Paroxetine" title="Paroxetine">Paroxetine</a>, known as Paxil and Seroxat</figcaption></figure> GSK was fined for promoting Paxil/Seroxat (<a href="/wiki/Paroxetine" title="Paroxetine">paroxetine</a>) for treating depression in the under-18s, although the drug had not been approved for pediatric use.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> Paxil had US$4.97 billion worldwide sales in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-CMAJ2004-164">[163]</a> The company conducted nine clinical trials between 1994, and 2002, none of which showed that Paxil helped children with depression.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> From 1998, to 2003, it promoted the drug for the under-18s, paying physicians to go on all-expenses paid trips, five-star hotels and spas.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> From 2004, Paxil's label, along with those of similar drugs, included an FDA-mandated boxed warning that it might increase the risk of suicidal ideation and behaviour in patients under 18.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> An internal SmithKline Beecham document said in 1998, about withheld data from two GSK studies: "It would be commercially unacceptable to include a statement that [pediatric] efficacy had not been demonstrated, as this would undermine the profile of paroxetine."<a href="#cite_note-CMAJ2004-164">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> The company <a href="/wiki/Medical_ghostwriter" title="Medical ghostwriter">ghostwrote</a> an article, published in 2001, in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, that misreported the results of one of its clinical trials, <a href="/wiki/Study_329" title="Study 329">Study 329</a>.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> The article concluded that Paxil was "generally well tolerated and effective for major depression in adolescents."<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a> The suppression of the research findings is the subject of the 2008 book <a href="/wiki/Side_Effects_(Bass_book)" title="Side Effects (Bass book)">Side Effects</a> by <a href="/wiki/Alison_Bass" title="Alison Bass">Alison Bass</a>.<a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[169]</a> For 10 years GSK marketed Paxil as non-habit forming. In 2001, 35 patients filed a class-action suit alleging they had had withdrawal symptoms, and in 2002, a Los Angeles court issued an injunction preventing GSK from advertising that the drug was not habit forming.<a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a> The court withdrew the injunction after the FDA objected that the court had no jurisdiction over drug marketing that the FDA had approved.<a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a> In 2003, a World Health Organization committee reported that Paxil was among the top 30 drugs, and top three antidepressants, for which dependence had been reported.<a href="#cite_note-WHOdependence-173">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[n 2]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bupropion_(Wellbutrin)">Bupropion (Wellbutrin)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Bupropion (Wellbutrin)">edit</a>]</div> The company was also fined for promoting Wellbutrin (<a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">bupropion</a>) – approved at the time for <a href="/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder" title="Major depressive disorder">major depressive disorder</a> and also sold as a smoking-cessation aid, Zyban – for weight loss and the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder" title="Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder">attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</a>, sexual dysfunction and substance addiction. GSK paid doctors to promote these off-label uses, and set up supposedly independent advisory boards and <a href="/wiki/Continuing_Medical_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Continuing Medical Education">Continuing Medical Education</a> programmes.<a href="#cite_note-USDOJJuly2012-10">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China">China</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: China">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/GSK_China_Scandal" class="mw-redirect" title="GSK China Scandal">GSK China Scandal</a></div> In 2013, Chinese authorities announced that, since 2007, GSK had funnelled HK$3.8 billion in kickbacks to GSK managers, doctors, hospitals and others who prescribed their drugs, using over 700 travel agencies and consulting firms.<a href="#cite_note-175">[173]</a> Chinese authorities arrested four GSK executives as part of a four-month investigation into claims that doctors were bribed with cash and sexual favours.<a href="#cite_note-176">[174]</a> In 2014, a Chinese court found the company guilty of bribery and imposed a fine of US$490 million. Mark Reilly, the British head of GSK's Chinese operations, received a three-year suspended prison sentence after a one-day trial held in secret.<a href="#cite_note-177">[175]</a> Reilly was reportedly deported from China and dismissed by the company.<a href="#cite_note-178">[176]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Market_manipulation_in_the_UK">Market manipulation in the UK</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Market manipulation in the UK">edit</a>]</div> In February 2016, the company was fined over £37 million in the UK by the <a href="/wiki/Competition_and_Markets_Authority" title="Competition and Markets Authority">Competition and Markets Authority</a> for paying Generics UK, <a href="/wiki/Alpharma" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpharma">Alpharma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norton_Healthcare" title="Norton Healthcare">Norton Healthcare</a> more than £50m between 2001, and 2004, to keep generic varieties of <a href="/wiki/Paroxetine" title="Paroxetine">paroxetine</a> out of the UK market. The generics companies were fined a further £8 million. At the end of 2003, when generics became available in the UK, the price of paroxetine dropped by 70 per cent.<a href="#cite_note-179">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Miscellaneous">Miscellaneous</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Miscellaneous">edit</a>]</div> Italian police sought bribery charges in May 2004, against 4,400 doctors and 273 GSK employees. GSK and its predecessor were accused of having spent £152m on physicians, pharmacists and others, giving them cameras, computers, holidays and cash. Doctors were alleged to have received cash based on the number of patients they treated with a cancer drug, <a href="/wiki/Topotecan" title="Topotecan">topotecan</a> (Hycamtin).<a href="#cite_note-180">[178]</a> The following month prosecutors in Munich accused 70–100 doctors of having accepted bribes from SmithKline Beecham between 1997 and 1999. The inquiry was opened over allegations that the company had given over 4,000 hospital doctors money and free trips.<a href="#cite_note-181">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[180]</a> All charges were dismissed by the Verona court in January 2009.<a href="#cite_note-183">[181]</a> In 2006, in the United States GSK settled the largest tax dispute in IRS history, agreeing to pay US$3.1 billion. At issue were Zantac and other products sold in 1989 to 2005. The case revolved around intracompany <a href="/wiki/Transfer_pricing" title="Transfer pricing">transfer pricing</a>—determining the share of profit attributable to the US subsidiaries of GSK and subject to tax by the IRS.<a href="#cite_note-184">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-185">[183]</a> The UK's <a href="/wiki/Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)">Serious Fraud Office</a> (SFO) opened a criminal inquiry in 2014 into GSK's sales practices, using powers granted by the <a href="/wiki/Bribery_Act_2010" title="Bribery Act 2010">Bribery Act 2010</a>.<a href="#cite_note-186">[184]</a> The SFO said it was collaborating with Chinese authorities to investigate bringing charges in the UK related to GSK's activities in China, Europe and the Middle East.<a href="#cite_note-187">[185]</a> Also as of 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit">[update]</a>, the US Department of Justice was investigating GSK with reference to the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Corrupt_Practices_Act" title="Foreign Corrupt Practices Act">Foreign Corrupt Practices Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-188">[186]</a> In October 2020, GSK told some staff that while at work they should disable the contact tracing function of the NHS test-and-trace app which monitors the spread of COVID-19. GSK explained the reason for this was due to social distancing measures in place at their sites rendering the technology unnecessary.<a href="#cite_note-189">[187]</a> In November 2023, GSK filed a lawsuit against Moderna Inc. in U.S. federal court in Delaware, accusing the company of violating GSK’s patents related to messenger RNA (mRNA) technology. The lawsuit claims that Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine Spikevax and RSV vaccine mResvia infringe on several of GSK’s patents, particularly those related to lipid nanoparticles used for delivering mRNA into the human body.<a href="#cite_note-:2-190">[188]</a> This legal action follows a similar lawsuit GSK filed against Pfizer and BioNTech earlier in 2024, also over patent infringement concerning their mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine. The current litigation seeks unspecified monetary damages from Moderna.<a href="#cite_note-:2-190">[188]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_toothpaste_brands" title="List of toothpaste brands">List of toothpaste brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galvani_Bioelectronics" title="Galvani Bioelectronics">Galvani Bioelectronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_oral_health_and_dental_articles" title="Index of oral health and dental articles">Index of oral health and dental articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recherche_et_Industrie_Th%C3%A9rapeutiques" title="Recherche et Industrie Thérapeutiques">Recherche et Industrie Thérapeutiques</a> (R.I.T.)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=GSK_plc&params=51_29_17_N_0_19_1_W_">51°29′17″N 0°19′1″W / 51.48806°N 0.31694°W / 51.48806; -0.31694</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> Glaxo Wellcome was formed from Glaxo's 1995 acquisition of The Wellcome Foundation and SmithKline Beecham from the 1989 merger of the <a href="/wiki/Beecham_Group" title="Beecham Group">Beecham Group</a> and the <a href="/wiki/SmithKline_Beckman" class="mw-redirect" title="SmithKline Beckman">SmithKline Beckman Corporation</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> Expert Committee on Drug Dependence, 2003: "The Committee noted the striking number of reports on paroxetine and 'withdrawal syndrome' ... The representative of Consumers International reported that a number of patients had experienced difficulty in withdrawing from SSRIs in general. It was agreed that withdrawal was indeed a problem in some patients, but there was a difference of opinion on the degree of dependence that was involved, given the possibility that the need for treatment of resistant or relapsing disease could make these drugs indispensable for patient care. The Committee expressed concern about the possibility of inappropriate prescribing resulting in the risk of problems of withdrawal outweighing the benefits of treatment with SSRIs."<a href="#cite_note-WHOdependence-173">[172]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-results-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-results_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-results_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-results_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-results_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-results_1-4">e</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gsk.com/media/10928/fy-2023-results-announcement.pdf">"Preliminary Results 2023"</a> (PDF). 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FindLaw. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230911005137/https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/us-supreme-court/410/52.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FindLaw&rft.atitle=UNITED+STATES+v.+GLAXO+GROUP+LTD.%2C+410+U.S.+52+%281973%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcaselaw.findlaw.com%2Fcourt%2Fus-supreme-court%2F410%2F52.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LaHatte-130">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LaHatte_130-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LaHatte_130-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LaHatte_130-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LaHatte_130-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LaHatte_130-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaHatte2011" class="citation journal cs1">LaHatte G (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1051&context=jolti">"Reverse Payments: When the Federal Trade Commission can Attack the Validity of Underlying Patents"</a>. Case Western Reserve Journal of Law, Technology & the Internet. 2: 37–73. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201118203407/https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1051&context=jolti">Archived</a> from the original on 18 November 2020. Retrieved 19 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Case+Western+Reserve+Journal+of+Law%2C+Technology+%26+the+Internet&rft.atitle=Reverse+Payments%3A+When+the+Federal+Trade+Commission+can+Attack+the+Validity+of+Underlying+Patents&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=37-73&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=LaHatte&rft.aufirst=Gabrielle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarlycommons.law.case.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1051%26context%3Djolti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leslie-131"><a href="#cite_ref-Leslie_131-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeslie2011" class="citation book cs1">Leslie CR (2011). Antitrust Law and Intellectual Property Rights: Cases and Materials. 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Retrieved 11 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Makers+of+Ribena+lose+fight+over+anti-decay+claims&rft.date=2001-01-18&rft.aulast=Gregoriadis&rft.aufirst=Linus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2F1318417%2FMakers-of-Ribena-lose-fight-over-anti-decay-claims.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEames2007" class="citation news cs1">Eames D (28 March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10431253">"Judge orders Ribena to fess up"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Zealand_Herald" title="The New Zealand Herald">The New Zealand Herald</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180618025623/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10431253">Archived</a> from the original on 18 June 2018. 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Retrieved 11 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.finance.senate.gov&rft.atitle=United+States+Senate+Committee+on+Finance+Report%3A+The+Intimidation+of+Dr.+John+Buse+and+the+Diabetes+Drug+Avandia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.finance.senate.gov%2Fdownload%2Fcommittee-staff-report-the-intimidation-of-dr-john-buse-and-the-diabetes-drug-avandia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Max_Baucus" title="Max Baucus">Max Baucus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Chuck Grassley</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://finance.senate.gov/newsroom/chairman/download/?id=a5c07780-6351-4905-8c63-52e4a7a7a66b">"Finance Committee Letter to the FDA Regarding Avandia"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100805051726/http://finance.senate.gov/newsroom/chairman/download/?id=a5c07780-6351-4905-8c63-52e4a7a7a66b">Archived</a> 5 August 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, United States Senate Finance Committee, 12 July 2010; for internal concerns, p. 2 and attachment E, pp. 20–35; for ghostwriting, p. 3 and attachment H, pp. 58–109; for the ghostwriting, attachment I, p. 110ff; for cover letter to <a href="/wiki/Circulation_(journal)" title="Circulation (journal)">Circulation</a>, attachment I, p. 143; for the ghostwritten article, attachment I, pp. 152–158.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaffnerGreenbergWestonChen2002" class="citation journal cs1">Haffner SM, Greenberg AS, Weston WM, et al. 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Circulation. 106 (6): 679–84. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1161%2F01.CIR.0000025403.20953.23">10.1161/01.CIR.0000025403.20953.23</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12163427">12163427</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Circulation&rft.atitle=Effect+of+rosiglitazone+treatment+on+nontraditional+markers+of+cardiovascular+disease+in+patients+with+type+2+diabetes+mellitus&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=679-84&rft.date=2002-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1161%2F01.CIR.0000025403.20953.23&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12163427&rft.aulast=Haffner&rft.aufirst=SM&rft.au=Greenberg%2C+AS&rft.au=Weston%2C+WM&rft.au=Chen%2C+H&rft.au=Williams%2C+K&rft.au=Freed%2C+MI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1161%252F01.CIR.0000025403.20953.23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid20154334-150">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid20154334_150-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid20154334_150-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNissen2010" class="citation journal cs1">Nissen SE (April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Feurheartj%2Fehq016">"The rise and fall of rosiglitazone"</a>. European Heart Journal. 31 (7): 773–776. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Feurheartj%2Fehq016">10.1093/eurheartj/ehq016</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20154334">20154334</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Heart+Journal&rft.atitle=The+rise+and+fall+of+rosiglitazone&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=773-776&rft.date=2010-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Feurheartj%2Fehq016&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20154334&rft.aulast=Nissen&rft.aufirst=SE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Feurheartj%252Fehq016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> see table 1 for timeline. </li> <li id="cite_note-RECORDLancet-151">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RECORDLancet_151-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RECORDLancet_151-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHomePocockBeck-NielsenCurtis2009" class="citation journal cs1">Home PD, Pocock SJ, Beck-Nielsen H, et al. 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ClinicalTrials.gov. 21 March 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180617115741/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00379769">Archived</a> from the original on 17 June 2018. 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The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220831183705/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/may/27/italy.heatherstewart">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2022. Retrieved 31 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Over+4%2C000+doctors+face+charges+in+Italian+drugs+scandal&rft.date=2004-05-27&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Heather&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2004%2Fmay%2F27%2Fitaly.heatherstewart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurgermeister2004" class="citation journal cs1">Burgermeister J (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC420312">"German prosecutors probe again into bribes by drug companies"</a>. BMJ. 328 (7452): 1333. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.328.7452.1333-a">10.1136/bmj.328.7452.1333-a</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC420312">420312</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15178593">15178593</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMJ&rft.atitle=German+prosecutors+probe+again+into+bribes+by+drug+companies&rft.volume=328&rft.issue=7452&rft.pages=1333&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC420312%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15178593&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.328.7452.1333-a&rft.aulast=Burgermeister&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC420312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1869162.stm">"Glaxo probed over doctor freebies"</a>. BBC News. 12 March 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017042412/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC420312/pdf/bmj3281333a.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Glaxo+probed+over+doctor+freebies&rft.date=2002-03-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F1869162.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gsk.com/media/2684/annual-report-2008.pdf">"GlaxoSmithKline Annual Report 2008"</a> (PDF). p. 177. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171126032619/http://www.gsk.com/media/2684/annual-report-2008.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 26 November 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GlaxoSmithKline+Annual+Report+2008&rft.pages=177&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gsk.com%2Fmedia%2F2684%2Fannual-report-2008.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/12/business/worldbusiness/12glaxo.html">"GlaxoSmithKline to Settle Tax Dispute With U.S."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170329043037/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/12/business/worldbusiness/12glaxo.html">Archived</a> 29 March 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Reuters, 12 September 2006 </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irs.gov/uac/IRS-Accepts-Settlement-Offer-in-Largest-Transfer-Pricing-Dispute">"IRS Accepts Settlement Offer in Largest Transfer Pricing Dispute"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201113224040/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/12/business/worldbusiness/12glaxo.html">Archived</a> 13 November 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, IRS, 11 September 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKollewe2014" class="citation news cs1">Kollewe J (28 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/may/28/serious-fraud-office-investigates-glaxosmithkline">"GlaxoSmithKline faces criminal investigation by Serious Fraud Office"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201205172034/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/may/28/serious-fraud-office-investigates-glaxosmithkline">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=GlaxoSmithKline+faces+criminal+investigation+by+Serious+Fraud+Office&rft.date=2014-05-28&rft.aulast=Kollewe&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2014%2Fmay%2F28%2Fserious-fraud-office-investigates-glaxosmithkline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRidley2014" class="citation news cs1">Ridley K (23 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-fraud-sfo-gsk-idUSKBN0FS1U320140723">"UK fraud office liaising with China on GSK bribery case"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221193748/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-fraud-sfo-gsk-idUSKBN0FS1U320140723">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 31 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=UK+fraud+office+liaising+with+China+on+GSK+bribery+case&rft.date=2014-07-23&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.aufirst=Kirstin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-britain-fraud-sfo-gsk-idUSKBN0FS1U320140723&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/pharmaceuticalsandchemicals/11027538/Serious-Fraud-Office-opens-criminal-investigation-into-GlaxoSmithKline.html">"GlaxoSmithKline faces bribery claims in Syria"</a>. The Telegraph. Reuters. 12 August 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180618013944/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/pharmaceuticalsandchemicals/11027538/Serious-Fraud-Office-opens-criminal-investigation-into-GlaxoSmithKline.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=GlaxoSmithKline+faces+bribery+claims+in+Syria&rft.date=2014-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Fnewsbysector%2Fpharmaceuticalsandchemicals%2F11027538%2FSerious-Fraud-Office-opens-criminal-investigation-into-GlaxoSmithKline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavies2020" class="citation news cs1">Davies R (6 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/oct/06/gsk-tells-staff-turn-off-covid-test-trace-app-work">"GSK tells UK staff: turn off Covid test-and-trace app while at work"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TheGuardian.com" class="mw-redirect" title="TheGuardian.com">TheGuardian.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210203105828/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/oct/06/gsk-tells-staff-turn-off-covid-test-trace-app-work">Archived</a> from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TheGuardian.com&rft.atitle=GSK+tells+UK+staff%3A+turn+off+Covid+test-and-trace+app+while+at+work&rft.date=2020-10-06&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2020%2Foct%2F06%2Fgsk-tells-staff-turn-off-covid-test-trace-app-work&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-190">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_190-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_190-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodwinlaw.com/en/insights/blogs/2024/04/gsk-sues-pfizer-pharmacia--upjohn--biontech-for-infringing-mrna-vaccine-patents">"GSK Sues Pfizer, Pharmacia & Upjohn & BioNTech for Infringing mRNA Vaccine Patents | Insights & Resources | Goodwin"</a>. www.goodwinlaw.com. Retrieved 8 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.goodwinlaw.com&rft.atitle=GSK+Sues+Pfizer%2C+Pharmacia+%26+Upjohn+%26+BioNTech+for+Infringing+mRNA+Vaccine+Patents+%7C+Insights+%26+Resources+%7C+Goodwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodwinlaw.com%2Fen%2Finsights%2Fblogs%2F2024%2F04%2Fgsk-sues-pfizer-pharmacia--upjohn--biontech-for-infringing-mrna-vaccine-patents&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGSK+plc" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK_plc&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gsk.com">Official website</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Business data for GSK plc: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/GSK:LN">Bloomberg</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/GSK:LON">Google</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/GSK.L">Reuters</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=1131399">SEC filings</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/GSK.L">Yahoo!</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opencorporates.com/corporate_groupings/GSK%20plc">GSK plc companies</a> grouped at <a href="/wiki/OpenCorporates" title="OpenCorporates">OpenCorporates</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="GSK" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GSK" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GSK"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="GSK" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GSK</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="GlaxoSmithKline Pakistan">GlaxoSmithKline Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline_Pharmaceuticals_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd">GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stiefel_Laboratories" title="Stiefel Laboratories">Stiefel Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesaro" title="Tesaro">Tesaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ViiV_Healthcare" title="ViiV Healthcare">ViiV Healthcare</a> (85%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Haleon" title="Haleon">Haleon</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors, acquisitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_%26_Hanburys" title="Allen & Hanburys">Allen & Hanburys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beecham_Group" title="Beecham Group">Beecham Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_Drug" title="Block Drug">Block Drug</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Glaxo_Wellcome">Burroughs Wellcome</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Glaxo_Wellcome">Glaxo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Glaxo_Wellcome">Glaxo Wellcome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Genome_Sciences" title="Human Genome Sciences">Human Genome Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recherche_et_Industrie_Th%C3%A9rapeutiques" title="Recherche et Industrie Thérapeutiques">Recherche et Industrie Thérapeutiques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliant_Pharmaceuticals" title="Reliant Pharmaceuticals">Reliant Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._E._Massengill_Company" title="S. E. Massengill Company">S. E. Massengill Company</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#SmithKline_Beecham">SmithKline Beecham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith,_Kline_%26_French" title="Smith, Kline & French">Smith, Kline & French</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pharma</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fluticasone/salmeterol" title="Fluticasone/salmeterol">Advair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlistat" title="Orlistat">Alli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amoxicillin/clavulanic_acid" title="Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid">Augmentin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosiglitazone" title="Rosiglitazone">Avandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beclometasone" title="Beclometasone">Beconase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibandronic_acid" title="Ibandronic acid">Boniva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluticasone_propionate" title="Fluticasone propionate">Flixonase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topotecan" title="Topotecan">Hycamtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamotrigine" title="Lamotrigine">Lamictal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paroxetine" title="Paroxetine">Paxil/Seroxat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piboserod" title="Piboserod">Serlipet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimetidine" title="Cimetidine">Tagamet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salbutamol" title="Salbutamol">Ventolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bupropion" title="Bupropion">Wellbutrin/Zyban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranitidine" title="Ranitidine">Zantac</a> … <a href="/wiki/List_of_GSK_plc_products" title="List of GSK plc products">more</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vaccines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_syncytial_virus_vaccine" title="Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine">Arexvy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bexsero" class="mw-redirect" title="Bexsero">Bexsero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boostrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Boostrix">Boostrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cervarix" title="Cervarix">Cervarix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engerix-B" class="mw-redirect" title="Engerix-B">Engerix-B </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluarix" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluarix">Fluarix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FluLaval" class="mw-redirect" title="FluLaval">FluLaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Havrix">Havrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hepatyrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Hepatyrix">Hepatyrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiberix" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiberix">Hiberix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infanrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Infanrix">Infanrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H5N1_vaccine" title="H5N1 vaccine">H5N1 vaccine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinrix">Kinrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menveo" class="mw-redirect" title="Menveo">Menveo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandemrix" title="Pandemrix">Pandemrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pediarix" class="mw-redirect" title="Pediarix">Pediarix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabavert" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabavert">Rabavert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotarix" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotarix">Rotarix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoster_vaccine#Shingrix" title="Zoster vaccine">Shingrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hepatitis_A_and_B_vaccine" title="Hepatitis A and B vaccine">Twinrix</a> … <a href="/wiki/List_of_GSK_plc_products" title="List of GSK plc products">more</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actifed" title="Actifed">Actifed</a></li> <li>Advil</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquafresh" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquafresh">Aquafresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BC_Powder" title="BC Powder">BC Powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biotene" title="Biotene">Biotene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caltrate" title="Caltrate">Caltrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrum_(multivitamin)" title="Centrum (multivitamin)">Centrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChapStick" title="ChapStick">ChapStick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergen-C" title="Emergen-C">Emergen-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eno_(drug)" title="Eno (drug)">Eno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excedrin_(brand)" title="Excedrin (brand)">Excedrin</a></li> <li>Flonase</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geritol" title="Geritol">Geritol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goody%27s_Powder" title="Goody's Powder">Goody's Powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horlicks" title="Horlicks">Horlicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucozade" title="Lucozade">Lucozade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicoderm" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicoderm">Nicoderm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicorette" title="Nicorette">Nicorette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niquitin" title="Niquitin">NiQuitin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parodontax" title="Parodontax">Parodontax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribena" title="Ribena">Ribena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensodyne" title="Sensodyne">Sensodyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tums" title="Tums">Tums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board of Directors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Hampton" title="Philip Hampton">Philip Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Walmsley" title="Emma Walmsley">Emma Walmsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Dingemans" title="Simon Dingemans">Simon Dingemans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_M._Anderson" title="Roy M. Anderson">Roy M. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Banga" title="M. S. Banga">Manvinder Banga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Vallance" title="Patrick Vallance">Patrick Vallance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivienne_Cox" title="Vivienne Cox">Vivienne Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Elsenhans" title="Lynn Elsenhans">Lynn Elsenhans</a></li> <li>Jesse Goodman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Lewent" title="Judy Lewent">Judy Lewent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urs_Rohner" title="Urs Rohner">Urs Rohner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Glimcher" title="Laurie Glimcher">Laurie Glimcher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beecham_(chemist)" title="Thomas Beecham (chemist)">Thomas Beecham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas_M._Burroughs_(pharmacist)" title="Silas M. Burroughs (pharmacist)">Silas M. Burroughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahlon_Kline" title="Mahlon Kline">Mahlon Kline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_K._Smith" title="John K. Smith">John K. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wellcome" title="Henry Wellcome">Henry Wellcome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Witty" title="Andrew Witty">Andrew Witty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Gent" title="Chris Gent">Chris Gent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Litigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_v._GlaxoSmithKline_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Canada v. GlaxoSmithKline Inc.">Canada v. GlaxoSmithKline Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_v._SmithKline_Beecham_Corp." title="Christopher v. SmithKline Beecham Corp.">Christopher v. SmithKline Beecham Corp.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline_Services_Unlimited_v_Commission" title="GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission">GlaxoSmithKline Services Unlimited v Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Glaxo_Group_Ltd." title="United States v. Glaxo Group Ltd.">United States v. Glaxo Group Ltd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._GlaxoSmithKline" title="United States v. GlaxoSmithKline">United States v. GlaxoSmithKline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Industry_Documents_Archive" title="Drug Industry Documents Archive">Drug Industry Documents Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline_Prize" title="GlaxoSmithKline Prize">GlaxoSmithKline Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_Effects_(Bass_book)" title="Side Effects (Bass book)">Side Effects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Study_329" title="Study 329">Study 329</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:GSK_plc" title="Category:GSK plc">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Pharmaceutical_and_biotechnology_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Pharmaceutical industry in the United Kingdom">Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Manufacturing in the United Kingdom">Manufacturing in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">Economy of the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_pharmaceutical_manufacturers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of pharmaceutical manufacturers in the United Kingdom">Companies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AAH_Pharmaceuticals" title="AAH Pharmaceuticals">AAH Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Boots" title="Alliance Boots">Alliance Boots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astex" class="mw-redirect" title="Astex">Astex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca">AstraZeneca</a> (<a href="/wiki/MedImmune" title="MedImmune">MedImmune</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTG_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="BTG (company)">BTG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclacel" title="Cyclacel">Cyclacel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechra_Pharmaceuticals" title="Dechra Pharmaceuticals">Dechra Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GE_HealthCare" title="GE HealthCare">GE HealthCare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genus_plc" title="Genus plc">Genus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hikma_Pharmaceuticals" title="Hikma Pharmaceuticals">Hikma Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indivior" title="Indivior">Indivior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IXICO" title="IXICO">IXICO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacFarlan_Smith" title="MacFarlan Smith">MacFarlan Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundipharma" title="Mundipharma">Mundipharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbrook_Group" title="Norbrook Group">Norbrook Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Biomedica" title="Oxford Biomedica">Oxford Biomedica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfizer_UK" title="Pfizer UK">Pfizer UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upsher-Smith_Laboratories" title="Upsher-Smith Laboratories">Proximagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silence_Therapeutics" title="Silence Therapeutics">Silence Therapeutics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TBS_GB" title="TBS GB">TBS GB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vectura" title="Vectura">Vectura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernalis_plc" title="Vernalis plc">Vernalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ViiV_Healthcare" title="ViiV Healthcare">ViiV Healthcare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_%26_Hanburys" title="Allen & Hanburys">Allen & Hanburys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amersham_plc" title="Amersham plc">Amersham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beecham_Group" title="Beecham Group">Beecham Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Antibody_Technology" title="Cambridge Antibody Technology">Cambridge Antibody Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celltech" title="Celltech">Celltech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiroscience" title="Chiroscience">Chiroscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Distillers_Company" title="The Distillers Company">The Distillers Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisons" title="Fisons">Fisons</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Glaxo Wellcome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Chemical_Industries" title="Imperial Chemical Industries">ICI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IXICO#Phytopharm" title="IXICO">Phytopharm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliant_Pharmaceuticals" title="Reliant Pharmaceuticals">Reliant Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renovo_plc" title="Renovo plc">Renovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shire_(pharmaceutical_company)" title="Shire (pharmaceutical company)">Shire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unipath" title="Unipath">Unipath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeneca" title="Zeneca">Zeneca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government and regulatory bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Human_Medicines" title="Commission on Human Medicines">Commission on Human Medicines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_and_Social_Care" title="Department of Health and Social Care">Department of Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Directorate_for_the_Quality_of_Medicines_%26_HealthCare" title="European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare">European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicines_and_Healthcare_products_Regulatory_Agency" title="Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency">Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Collaborating_Centre_for_Mental_Health" title="National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health">National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_Price_Regulation_Scheme" title="Pharmaceutical Price Regulation Scheme">Pharmaceutical Price Regulation Scheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_Society_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Pharmaceutical Society of Northern Ireland">Pharmaceutical Society of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Pharmaceutical_Council" title="General Pharmaceutical Council">General Pharmaceutical Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_Improvement_Scotland#Scottish_Medicines_Consortium" title="Healthcare Improvement Scotland">Scottish Medicines Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veterinary_Medicines_Directorate" title="Veterinary Medicines Directorate">Veterinary Medicines Directorate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry and professional bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_the_British_Pharmaceutical_Industry" title="Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry">Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_Industries_Association" title="Chemical Industries Association">Chemical Industries Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Federation_of_Biotechnology" title="European Federation of Biotechnology">European Federation of Biotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Federation_of_Pharmaceutical_Industries_and_Associations" title="European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations">European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Pharmaceutical_Medicine" title="Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine">Faculty of Pharmaceutical Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmacists%27_Defence_Association" title="Pharmacists' Defence Association">Pharmacists' Defence Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Pharmaceutical_Society_of_Great_Britain" title="Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain">Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Society_of_Apothecaries" title="Worshipful Society of Apothecaries">Worshipful Society of Apothecaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books and journals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandolier_(journal)" title="Bandolier (journal)">Bandolier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Pharma" title="Bad Pharma">Bad Pharma</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Formulary" title="British National Formulary">British National Formulary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Formulary_for_Children" title="British National Formulary for Children">British National Formulary for Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Pharmaceutical_Codex" title="British Pharmaceutical Codex">British Pharmaceutical Codex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Pharmacy_and_Pharmacology" title="Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology">Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monthly_Index_of_Medical_Specialities" title="Monthly Index of Medical Specialities">Monthly Index of Medical Specialities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_Effects_(Bass_book)" title="Side Effects (Bass book)">Side Effects</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pharmaceutical_Journal" title="The Pharmaceutical Journal">The Pharmaceutical Journal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Approved_Name" title="British Approved Name">British Approved Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Pharmacopoeia" title="British Pharmacopoeia">British Pharmacopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DrugScope" title="DrugScope">DrugScope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_and_Developing_Countries_Clinical_Trials_Partnership" title="European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership">European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Pharmacopoeia" title="European Pharmacopoeia">European Pharmacopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pharmaceutical_companies" title="List of pharmaceutical companies">List of world's largest pharmaceutical companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_Services_Negotiating_Committee" title="Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee">Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Trust" title="Wellcome Trust">Wellcome Trust</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Pharmaceutical_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Pharmaceutical industry in the United Kingdom">category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Selected_royal_warrant_holders_of_the_British_royal_family" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_royal_warrant_holders" title="Template:British royal warrant holders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_royal_warrant_holders" title="Template talk:British royal warrant holders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_royal_warrant_holders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British royal warrant holders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Selected_royal_warrant_holders_of_the_British_royal_family" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Royal_warrant_of_appointment_(United_Kingdom)" title="Royal warrant of appointment (United Kingdom)">Selected royal warrant holders of the British royal family</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">By Appointment to <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">King Charles III</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>...</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left:1.0em;"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_variant_2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of His Majesty the King"><img alt="Coat of arms of His Majesty the King" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg/55px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg/83px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="479" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of His Majesty the King in Scotland"><img alt="Coat of arms of His Majesty the King in Scotland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg/55px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg/83px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Badge of His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales"><img alt="Badge of His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg/55px-Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg/83px-Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg/110px-Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers_Badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="339" data-file-height="383" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">By Appointment to <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrex" title="Andrex">Andrex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abels_Moving_Services" title="Abels Moving Services">Abels Moving Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainsworths" title="Ainsworths">Ainsworths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atora" title="Atora">Atora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Angostura" title="House of Angostura">Angostura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AkzoNobel" title="AkzoNobel">AkzoNobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoglym" title="Autoglym">Autoglym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axminster_Carpets" title="Axminster Carpets">Axminster Carpets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbour_(company)" title="Barbour (company)">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendicks" title="Bendicks">Bendicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bentley" title="Bentley">Bentley Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollinger" title="Bollinger">Bollinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasso" title="Brasso">Brasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britvic" title="Britvic">Britvic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BT_Group" title="BT Group">BT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burberry" title="Burberry">Burberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadbury" title="Cadbury">Cadbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carphone_Warehouse" title="Carphone Warehouse">Carphone Warehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castrol" title="Castrol">Castrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charbonnel_et_Walker" title="Charbonnel et Walker">Charbonnel et Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colman%27s" title="Colman's">Colman's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dairy_Crest" class="mw-redirect" title="Dairy Crest">Dairy Crest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAKS" title="DAKS">DAKS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dettol" title="Dettol">Dettol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DHL" title="DHL">DHL Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunelm_Mill" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunelm Mill">Dorma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden,_Inc." title="Elizabeth Arden, Inc.">Elizabeth Arden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ede_%26_Ravenscroft" title="Ede & Ravenscroft">Ede & Ravenscroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortnum_%26_Mason" title="Fortnum & Mason">Fortnum & Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwartz_(brand)" title="Schwartz (brand)">Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smythson" title="Smythson">Frank Smythson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gieves_%26_Hawkes" title="Gieves & Hawkes">Gieves & Hawkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardy_Brothers" title="Hardy Brothers">Hardy Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchards" title="Hatchards">Hatchards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Bulmer" class="mw-redirect" title="HP Bulmer">HP Bulmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz" title="Heinz">Heinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Poole_%26_Co" title="Henry Poole & Co">Henry Poole & Co</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Purdey_%26_Sons" title="James Purdey & Sons">James Purdey & Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaguar_Cars" title="Jaguar Cars">Jaguar Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_%26_Partners" title="John Lewis & Partners">John Lewis & Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lobb_Bootmaker" title="John Lobb Bootmaker">John Lobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellogg%27s" title="Kellogg's">Kellogg's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Rover" title="Land Rover">Land Rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Roederer" title="Louis Roederer">Louis Roederer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mappin_%26_Webb" title="Mappin & Webb">Mappin & Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martini_%26_Rossi" title="Martini & Rossi">Martini & Rossi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McIlhenny_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="McIlhenny Company">McIlhenny Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McVitie%27s" title="McVitie's">McVitie's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minky" title="Minky">Minky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molton_Brown" title="Molton Brown">Molton Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo%C3%ABt_%26_Chandon" title="Moët & Chandon">Moët & Chandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé">Nestlé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parker_Pen_Company" title="Parker Pen Company">Parker Pen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persil" title="Persil">Persil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richer_Sounds" title="Richer Sounds">Richer Sounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberts_Radio" title="Roberts Radio">Roberts Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robertson%27s" title="Robertson's">Robertson's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robinsons_(drink)" title="Robinsons (drink)">Robinsons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryvita" title="Ryvita">Ryvita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schweppes" title="Schweppes">Schweppes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Sugar" title="British Sugar">Silverspoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spode" title="Spode">Spode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steinway_%26_Sons" title="Steinway & Sons">Steinway & Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanqueray" title="Tanqueray">Tanqueray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tate_%26_Lyle" title="Tate & Lyle">Tate & Lyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twinings" title="Twinings">Twinings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unilever" title="Unilever">Unilever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Biscuits" title="United Biscuits">United Biscuits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors" title="Vauxhall Motors">Vauxhall Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veuve_Clicquot" title="Veuve Clicquot">Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waitrose" title="Waitrose">Waitrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weetabix_Limited" title="Weetabix Limited">Weetabix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkin_%26_Sons" title="Wilkin & Sons">Wilkin & Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Drake_(organ_builder)" title="William Drake (organ builder)">William Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolsey_(clothing)" title="Wolsey (clothing)">Wolsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcestershire_Medal_Service" title="Worcestershire Medal Service">Worcestershire Medal Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">By Appointment to <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles III of the United Kingdom">Prince Charles</a> (Prior to becoming king in 2022)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ainsworths" title="Ainsworths">Ainsworths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring" title="Savile Row tailoring">Anderson and Sheppard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aston_Martin" title="Aston Martin">Aston Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autoglym" title="Autoglym">Autoglym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbour_(company)" title="Barbour (company)">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bentley" title="Bentley">Bentley Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burberry" title="Burberry">Burberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crabtree_%26_Evelyn" title="Crabtree & Evelyn">Crabtree & Evelyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAKS" title="DAKS">DAKS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ede_%26_Ravenscroft" title="Ede & Ravenscroft">Ede & Ravenscroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smythson" title="Smythson">Frank Smythson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gieves_%26_Hawkes" title="Gieves & Hawkes">Gieves & Hawkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchards" title="Hatchards">Hatchards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland_%26_Holland" title="Holland & Holland">Holland & Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaguar_Cars" title="Jaguar Cars">Jaguar Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Purdey_%26_Sons" title="James Purdey & Sons">James Purdey & Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lobb_Bootmaker" title="John Lobb Bootmaker">John Lobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Rover" title="Land Rover">Land Rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laphroaig_distillery" title="Laphroaig distillery">Laphroaig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linn_Products" title="Linn Products">Linn Products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minky" title="Minky">Minky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parker_Pen_Company" title="Parker Pen Company">Parker Pen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penhaligon%27s" title="Penhaligon's">Penhaligon's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jones_(department_store)" title="Peter Jones (department store)">Peter Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ritz_London_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ritz London Hotel">Ritz Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberts_Radio" title="Roberts Radio">Roberts Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Neame_Brewery" title="Shepherd Neame Brewery">Shepherd Neame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylors_of_Harrogate" class="mw-redirect" title="Taylors of Harrogate">Taylors of Harrogate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnbull_%26_Asser" title="Turnbull & Asser">Turnbull & Asser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors" title="Vauxhall Motors">Vauxhall Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waitrose" title="Waitrose">Waitrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weetabix_Limited" title="Weetabix Limited">Weetabix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winsor_%26_Newton" title="Winsor & Newton">Winsor & Newton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">By Appointment to <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">HRH The Duke of Edinburgh</a> (Deceased April 2021)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbour_(company)" title="Barbour (company)">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boots_Opticians" title="Boots Opticians">Boots Opticians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAKS" title="DAKS">DAKS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ede_%26_Ravenscroft" title="Ede & Ravenscroft">Ede & Ravenscroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smythson" title="Smythson">Frank Smythson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gieves_%26_Hawkes" title="Gieves & Hawkes">Gieves & Hawkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchards" title="Hatchards">Hatchards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland_%26_Holland" title="Holland & Holland">Holland & Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Purdey_%26_Sons" title="James Purdey & Sons">James Purdey & Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lobb_Bootmaker" title="John Lobb Bootmaker">John Lobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Rover" title="Land Rover">Land Rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyle_%26_Scott" title="Lyle & Scott">Lyle & Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penhaligon%27s" title="Penhaligon's">Penhaligon's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truefitt_%26_Hill" title="Truefitt & Hill">Truefitt & Hill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:British_royal_warrant_holders" title="Category:British royal warrant holders">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_FTSE_100_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom_→_FTSE_250" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FTSE_100_Index_constituents" title="Template:FTSE 100 Index constituents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FTSE_100_Index_constituents" title="Template talk:FTSE 100 Index constituents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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companies of the United Kingdom   → <a href="/wiki/FTSE_250_Index" title="FTSE 250 Index">FTSE 250</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3i" title="3i">3i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral_Group" title="Admiral Group">Admiral Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airtel_Africa" title="Airtel Africa">Airtel Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo_American_plc" title="Anglo American plc">Anglo American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antofagasta_plc" title="Antofagasta plc">Antofagasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashtead_Group" title="Ashtead Group">Ashtead Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associated_British_Foods" title="Associated British Foods">Associated British Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca">AstraZeneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto_Trader_Group" title="Auto Trader Group">Auto Trader Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviva" title="Aviva">Aviva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%26M" title="B&M">B&M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barclays" title="Barclays">Barclays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barratt_Redrow" title="Barratt Redrow">Barratt Redrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beazley_plc" title="Beazley plc">Beazley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Group_Holdings" title="Berkeley Group Holdings">Berkeley Group Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BP" title="BP">BP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_American_Tobacco" title="British American Tobacco">British American Tobacco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Land" title="British Land">British Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BT_Group" title="BT Group">BT Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunzl" title="Bunzl">Bunzl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrica" title="Centrica">Centrica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola_Hellenic_Bottling_Company" title="Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company">Coca-Cola HBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass_Group" title="Compass Group">Compass Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convatec" title="Convatec">Convatec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croda_International" title="Croda International">Croda International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DCC_plc" title="DCC plc">DCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diageo" title="Diageo">Diageo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diploma_plc" title="Diploma plc">Diploma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EasyJet" title="EasyJet">EasyJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endeavour_Mining" title="Endeavour Mining">Endeavour Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entain" title="Entain">Entain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experian" title="Experian">Experian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_%26_C_Investment_Trust" title="F & C Investment Trust">F & C Investment Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frasers_Group" title="Frasers Group">Frasers Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresnillo_plc" title="Fresnillo plc">Fresnillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glencore" title="Glencore">Glencore</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haleon" title="Haleon">Haleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halma_plc" title="Halma plc">Halma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hargreaves_Lansdown" title="Hargreaves Lansdown">Hargreaves Lansdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hikma_Pharmaceuticals" title="Hikma Pharmaceuticals">Hikma Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiscox" title="Hiscox">Hiscox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howdens_Joinery" title="Howdens Joinery">Howdens Joinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HSBC" title="HSBC">HSBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IHG_Hotels_%26_Resorts" title="IHG Hotels & Resorts">IHG Hotels & Resorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMI_plc" title="IMI plc">IMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Brands" title="Imperial Brands">Imperial Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informa" title="Informa">Informa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_Capital_Group" title="Intermediate Capital Group">Intermediate Capital Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Airlines_Group" title="International Airlines Group">International Airlines Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intertek" title="Intertek">Intertek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD_Sports" title="JD Sports">JD Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingfisher_plc" title="Kingfisher plc">Kingfisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landsec" title="Landsec">Land Securities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_%26_General" title="Legal & General">Legal & General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyds_Banking_Group" title="Lloyds Banking Group">Lloyds Banking Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LondonMetric_Property" title="LondonMetric Property">LondonMetric Property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange_Group" title="London Stock Exchange Group">London Stock Exchange Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%26G" title="M&G">M&G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer" title="Marks & Spencer">Marks & Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose_Industries" title="Melrose Industries">Melrose Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondi" title="Mondi">Mondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Grid_plc" title="National Grid plc">National Grid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NatWest_Group" title="NatWest Group">NatWest Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_plc" title="Next plc">Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_plc" title="Pearson plc">Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square_Holdings" title="Pershing Square Holdings">Pershing Square Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persimmon_plc" title="Persimmon plc">Persimmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Group" title="Phoenix Group">Phoenix Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudential_plc" title="Prudential plc">Prudential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reckitt" title="Reckitt">Reckitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RELX" title="RELX">RELX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rentokil_Initial" title="Rentokil Initial">Rentokil Initial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rightmove" title="Rightmove">Rightmove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Tinto_(corporation)" title="Rio Tinto (corporation)">Rio Tinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" title="Rolls-Royce Holdings">Rolls-Royce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sage_Group" title="Sage Group">Sage Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainsbury%27s" title="Sainsbury's">J Sainsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schroders" title="Schroders">Schroders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Mortgage_Investment_Trust" title="Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust">Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segro" title="Segro">Segro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severn_Trent" title="Severn Trent">Severn Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DS_Smith" title="DS Smith">DS Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_%26_Nephew" title="Smith & Nephew">Smith & Nephew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smiths_Group" title="Smiths Group">Smiths Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirax_Group" title="Spirax Group">Spirax Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSE_plc" title="SSE plc">SSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chartered" title="Standard Chartered">Standard Chartered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Wimpey" title="Taylor Wimpey">Taylor Wimpey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unilever" title="Unilever">Unilever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Utilities" title="United Utilities">United Utilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unite_Students" title="Unite Students">Unite Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistry_Group" title="Vistry Group">Vistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodafone" title="Vodafone">Vodafone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weir_Group" title="Weir Group">Weir Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitbread" title="Whitbread">Whitbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPP_plc" title="WPP plc">WPP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philadelphia-area_corporations_(including_the_Delaware_Valley)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philadelphia_Corporations" title="Template:Philadelphia Corporations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philadelphia_Corporations" title="Template talk:Philadelphia Corporations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia_Corporations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia Corporations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philadelphia-area_corporations_(including_the_Delaware_Valley)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_the_Philadelphia_area" title="List of companies based in the Philadelphia area">Philadelphia-area corporations</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Delaware_Valley" title="Delaware Valley">Delaware Valley</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_the_Philadelphia_area" title="List of companies based in the Philadelphia area">List of companies based in the Philadelphia area</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> corporations (rank in the 2017 list)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a> (31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aramark" title="Aramark">Aramark</a> (192)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Holdings" title="Crown Holdings">Crown Holdings</a> (333)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Valley" title="Delaware Valley">Delaware Valley</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> corporations (rank in the 2017 list)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AmerisourceBergen" class="mw-redirect" title="AmerisourceBergen">AmerisourceBergen</a> (11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuPont" title="DuPont">DuPont</a> (113)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_National_Corporation" title="Lincoln National Corporation">Lincoln National Corporation</a> (207)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Health_Services" title="Universal Health Services">Universal Health Services</a> (276)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_Soup_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Campbell Soup Company">Campbell Soup</a> (339)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UGI_Corporation" title="UGI Corporation">UGI</a> (457)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington_(department_store)" title="Burlington (department store)">Burlington Stores</a> (463)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Other notable Philadelphia-based businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amoroso%27s_Baking_Company" title="Amoroso's Baking Company">Amoroso's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemtura" title="Chemtura">Chemtura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_%26_Zimmermann" title="Day & Zimmermann">Day & Zimmermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FMC_Corporation" title="FMC Corporation">FMC Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Blue_Cross" title="Independence Blue Cross">Independence Blue Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pep_Boys" title="Pep Boys">Pep Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Media_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia Media Network">Philadelphia Media Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PREIT" title="PREIT">PREIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radian_Group" title="Radian Group">Radian Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Outfitters" title="Urban Outfitters">Urban Outfitters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Notable Philadelphia-based professional partnerships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballard_Spahr" title="Ballard Spahr">Ballard Spahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blank_Rome" title="Blank Rome">Blank Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cozen_O%27Connor" title="Cozen O'Connor">Cozen O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechert" title="Dechert">Dechert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drinker_Biddle_%26_Reath" class="mw-redirect" title="Drinker Biddle & Reath">Drinker Biddle & Reath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duane_Morris" title="Duane Morris">Duane Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan,_Lewis_%26_Bockius" title="Morgan, Lewis & Bockius">Morgan, Lewis & Bockius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Pepper Hamilton">Pepper Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Ewing" title="Saul Ewing">Saul Ewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_and_Williams" title="White and Williams">White and Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Other notable Delaware Valley-based businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actua_Corporation" title="Actua Corporation">Actua Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airgas" title="Airgas">Airgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlliedBarton" title="AlliedBarton">AlliedBarton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ametek" title="Ametek">Ametek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqua_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Aqua America">Aqua America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asplundh_Tree_Expert_Company" title="Asplundh Tree Expert Company">Asplundh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bentley_Systems" title="Bentley Systems">Bentley Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandywine_Realty_Trust" title="Brandywine Realty Trust">Brandywine Realty Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boscov%27s" title="Boscov's">Boscov's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpenter_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpenter Technology">Carpenter Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephalon" title="Cephalon">Cephalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemours" title="Chemours">Chemours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiana_Care_Health_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Christiana Care Health System">Christiana Care Health System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crozer_Keystone_Health_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Crozer Keystone Health System">Crozer Keystone Health System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David%27s_Bridal" title="David's Bridal">David's Bridal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuckDuckGo" title="DuckDuckGo">DuckDuckGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPAM_Systems" title="EPAM Systems">EPAM Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EnerSys" title="EnerSys">EnerSys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Property_Trust" title="Liberty Property Trust">Liberty Property Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Entertainment" title="Penn Entertainment">Penn Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Mutual" title="Penn Mutual">Penn Mutual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita%27s_Italian_Ice" title="Rita's Italian Ice">Rita's Italian Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEI_Investments" class="mw-redirect" title="SEI Investments">SEI Investments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SLM_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="SLM Corporation">SLM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susquehanna_International_Group" title="Susquehanna International Group">Susquehanna International Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanguard Group">Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toll_Brothers" title="Toll Brothers">Toll Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triumph_Group" title="Triumph Group">Triumph Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unisys" title="Unisys">Unisys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ViroPharma" title="ViroPharma">ViroPharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishay_Intertechnology" title="Vishay Intertechnology">Vishay Intertechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VWR_International" title="VWR International">VWR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wawa_(company)" title="Wawa (company)">Wawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington_Trust" title="Wilmington Trust">Wilmington Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._L._Gore_%26_Associates" title="W. L. Gore & Associates">W. L. Gore & Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSFS_Bank" title="WSFS Bank">WSFS Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Notable Delaware Valley-based US headquarters of foreign businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Asset_Management" title="Aberdeen Asset Management">Aberdeen Asset Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AgustaWestland" title="AgustaWestland">AgustaWestland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AstraZeneca" title="AstraZeneca">AstraZeneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chubb_Limited" title="Chubb Limited">Chubb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Investments" title="Delaware Investments">Delaware Investments</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marfrig" title="Marfrig">Keystone Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAP" title="SAP">SAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siemens_Healthineers" title="Siemens Healthineers">Siemens Healthineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shire_(pharmaceutical_company)" title="Shire (pharmaceutical company)">Shire Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subaru_of_America" title="Subaru of America">Subaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teva_Pharmaceuticals" title="Teva Pharmaceuticals">Teva Pharmaceuticals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Bank,_N.A." class="mw-redirect" title="TD Bank, N.A.">TD Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;">Notable Delaware Valley-based division headquarters of US corporations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acme_Markets" title="Acme Markets">Acme</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cerberus_Capital_Management" title="Cerberus Capital Management">Cerberus Capital Management</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centocor" class="mw-redirect" title="Centocor">Centocor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Johnson_%26_Johnson" title="Johnson & Johnson">Johnson & Johnson</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Penn" title="Colonial Penn">Colonial Penn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conseco" class="mw-redirect" title="Conseco">Conseco</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delmarva_Power" title="Delmarva Power">Delmarva Power</a> (<a href="/wiki/Exelon" title="Exelon">Exelon</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSI_Commerce" class="mw-redirect" title="GSI Commerce">GSI Commerce</a> (<a href="/wiki/EBay" title="EBay">eBay</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Hercules Inc">Hercules</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashland_Global" title="Ashland Global">Ashland</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAB_Paints" title="MAB Paints">MAB Paints</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sherwin-Williams" title="Sherwin-Williams">Sherwin-Williams</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McNeil_Laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="McNeil Laboratories">McNeil Laboratories</a> (Johnson & Johnson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoware" title="Neoware">Neoware</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PECO_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="PECO Energy">PECO</a> (<a href="/wiki/Exelon" title="Exelon">Exelon</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/QVC" title="QVC">QVC</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberty_Media" title="Liberty Media">Liberty Media</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohm_%26_Haas" class="mw-redirect" title="Rohm & Haas">Rohm & Haas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dow_Chemical" class="mw-redirect" title="Dow Chemical">Dow Chemical</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunGard" title="SunGard">SunGard</a> (<a href="/wiki/FIS_(company)" title="FIS (company)">FIS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tastykake" title="Tastykake">Tasty Baking</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flowers_Foods" title="Flowers Foods">Flowers Foods</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pittsburgh_corporations_within_the_Pittsburgh_metro_area" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pittsburgh_Corporations" title="Template:Pittsburgh Corporations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pittsburgh_Corporations" title="Template talk:Pittsburgh Corporations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pittsburgh_Corporations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pittsburgh Corporations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pittsburgh_corporations_within_the_Pittsburgh_metro_area" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a> corporations within the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh%E2%80%93New_Castle%E2%80%93Weirton_combined_statistical_area" title="Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area">Pittsburgh metro area</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> headquarters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoa" title="Alcoa">Alcoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick%27s_Sporting_Goods" title="Dick's Sporting Goods">Dick's Sporting Goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howmet_Aerospace" title="Howmet Aerospace">Howmet Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraft_Heinz" title="Kraft Heinz">Kraft Heinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PNC_Financial_Services" title="PNC Financial Services">PNC Financial Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PPG_Industries" title="PPG Industries">PPG Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_Steel" class="mw-redirect" title="US Steel">US Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WESCO_International" title="WESCO International">WESCO International</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forbes largest private companies headquarters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/84_Lumber" title="84 Lumber">84 Lumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_Eagle" title="Giant Eagle">Giant Eagle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other corporation headquarters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Technologies" title="Allegheny Technologies">Allegheny Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Bridge_Company" title="American Bridge Company">American Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Eagle_Outfitters" title="American Eagle Outfitters">American Eagle Outfitters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampco_Pittsburgh" title="Ampco Pittsburgh">Ampco Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arconic" title="Arconic">Arconic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansys" title="Ansys">ANSYS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Group_of_Companies" title="Armstrong Group of Companies">Armstrong Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine%27s_Pizza" title="Augustine's Pizza">Augustine's Pizza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Box_Corporation" title="Black Box Corporation">Black Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruster%27s_Ice_Cream" title="Bruster's Ice Cream">Bruster's Ice Cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calgon_Carbon" title="Calgon Carbon">Calgon Carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNX_Resources" title="CNX Resources">CNX Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compunetix" title="Compunetix">Compunetix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consol_Energy" title="Consol Energy">Consol Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollar_Bank" title="Dollar Bank">Dollar Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duquesne_Light_Company" title="Duquesne Light Company">Duquesne Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eat%27n_Park" title="Eat'n Park">Eat'n Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EQT_Corporation" title="EQT Corporation">EQT Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Investors" class="mw-redirect" title="Federated Investors">Federated Investors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiesta_Tableware_Company" title="Fiesta Tableware Company">Fiesta Tableware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNC_(store)" class="mw-redirect" title="GNC (store)">GNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru.com" title="Guru.com">Guru.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highmark" title="Highmark">Highmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Scientific_Corporation" title="Industrial Scientific Corporation">Industrial Scientific Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_City_Brewing_Company" title="Iron City Brewing Company">Iron City Brewing Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennametal" title="Kennametal">Kennametal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koppers" title="Koppers">Koppers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MARC_USA" title="MARC USA">MARC USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millcraft_Investments" title="Millcraft Investments">Millcraft Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mine_Safety_Appliances" class="mw-redirect" title="Mine Safety Appliances">Mine Safety Appliances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niche_(company)" title="Niche (company)">Niche.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Development" title="Oxford Development">Oxford Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTC_Alliance" title="PTC Alliance">PTC Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renda_Broadcasting" title="Renda Broadcasting">Renda Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue21" title="Rue21">rue21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarris_Candies" title="Sarris Candies">Sarris Candies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh_Medical_Center" title="University of Pittsburgh Medical Center">University of Pittsburgh Medical Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocelli_Pizza" title="Vocelli Pizza">Vocelli Pizza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabtec" title="Wabtec">Wabtec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies with split headquarters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ModCloth" title="ModCloth">ModCloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Chemicals" title="Nova Chemicals">Nova Chemicals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiary company headquarters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Energy" title="Allegheny Energy">Allegheny Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FedEx_Ground" title="FedEx Ground">FedEx Ground</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanxess" title="Lanxess">Lanxess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respironics" title="Respironics">Respironics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivisimo" title="Vivisimo">Vivisimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric_Company" title="Westinghouse Electric Company">Westinghouse Electric Company</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outside companies with strong Pittsburgh relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BNY" class="mw-redirect" title="BNY">BNY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreyfus_Corporation" title="Dreyfus Corporation">Dreyfus Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaton_Corporation" title="Eaton Corporation">Eaton Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spreadshirt" class="mw-redirect" title="Spreadshirt">Spreadshirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macy%27s" title="Macy's">Macy's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific" title="Thermo Fisher Scientific">Thermo Fisher Scientific</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fisher%27s_Big_Wheel" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisher's Big Wheel">Fisher's Big Wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BodyMedia" title="BodyMedia">BodyMedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_Bar" title="Clark Bar">Clark Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravo_Corporation" title="Dravo Corporation">Dravo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_Management_Corporation" title="Education Management Corporation">EDMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisher_Scientific" title="Fisher Scientific">Fisher Scientific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integra_Bank_(Pittsburgh)" title="Integra Bank (Pittsburgh)">Integra Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesta_Machinery" title="Mesta Machinery">Mesta Machinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GC_Murphy" class="mw-redirect" title="GC Murphy">GC Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Oil" title="Gulf Oil">Gulf Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_%26_Laughlin_Steel_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Jones & Laughlin Steel Company">J&L Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketchum_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketchum Inc">Ketchum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_International" title="Rockwell International">Rockwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Products" title="Sunbeam Products">Sunbeam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telerama" title="Telerama">Telerama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric_Corporation" title="Westinghouse Electric Corporation">Westinghouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_corporations_in_Pittsburgh" title="List of corporations in Pittsburgh">List of corporations in Pittsburgh</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/10118699-X">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2003000793">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb137537323">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb137537323">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=nlk20020121825&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1165612">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/2000370">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/sq46944b1wgvshn">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007605556605171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058509183506706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/055831796">IdRef</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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