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acid</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: kojic acid"> <meta name="keywords" content="kojic acid"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="kojic acid"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 760</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: kojic acid</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">760</span> Solid-State Bioconversion of Pineapple Residues into Kojic Acid by Aspergillus flavus: A Prospective Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Nurashikin">S. Nurashikin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Z.%20Rusley"> E. Z. Rusley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Husaini"> A. Husaini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Kojic acid is an organic acid that is widely used as an ingredient for dermatological products, precursor for flavor enhancer and also as anti-inflammatory drug. The present study was undertaken to test the feasibility of pineapple residues as substrate for kojic acid production by <em>Aspergillus flavus</em> Link 44-1 via solid-state fermentation. The effect of initial moisture content, pH and incubation time on kojic acid fermentation was investigated. The best initial moisture content for kojic acid production from pineapple residues was observed at 70% (v/w) whereas initial culture pH 2.5 was identified to give high production of kojic acid. The optimal range of incubation time was identified between 8 and 14 days of incubation which corresponded to highest range of kojic acid produced. The results from this study pronounce the promising usability of pineapple residues as alternative substrate for kojic acid production by <em>A. flavus</em> Link 44-1.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aspergillus%20flavus" title="Aspergillus flavus">Aspergillus flavus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kojic%20acid" title=" kojic acid"> kojic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pineapple%20residues" title=" pineapple residues"> pineapple residues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solid%20state%20fermentation." title=" solid state fermentation. "> solid state fermentation. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/solid-state-bioconversion-of-pineapple-residues-into-kojic-acid-by-aspergillus-flavus-a-prospective-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2689</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">759</span> Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Composition in Mene maculata in The Sea of Maluku</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Semuel%20Unwakoly">Semuel Unwakoly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reinner%20Puppela"> Reinner Puppela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maresthy%20Rumalean"> Maresthy Rumalean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Healthy%20Kainama"> Healthy Kainama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Fish is a kind of food that contains many nutritions, one of those is the long chain of unsaturated fatty acids as omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and essential amino acid in enough amount for the necessity of our body. Like pelagic fish that found in the sea of Maluku. This research was done to identify fatty acids and amino acids composition in Moonfish (<em>M. maculata</em>) using transesterification reaction steps and Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The result showed that fatty acids composition in Moonfish (<em>M. maculata</em>) contained tridecanoic acid (2.84%); palmitoleic acid (2.65%); palmitic acid (35.24%); oleic acid (6.2%); stearic acid (14.20%); and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (1.29%) and 12 amino acids composition that consist of 7 essential amino acids, were leucine, isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine, methionine, lysine, and histidine, and also 5 non-essential amino acid, were tyrosine, glycine, alanine, glutamic acid, and arginine.Thus, these fishes can be used by the people to complete the necessity of essential fatty acid and amino acid.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Moonfish%20%28M.%20maculata%29" title="Moonfish (M. maculata)">Moonfish (M. maculata)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fatty%20acid" title=" fatty acid"> fatty acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=amino%20acid" title=" amino acid"> amino acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GC-MS" title=" GC-MS"> GC-MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HPLC." title=" HPLC."> HPLC.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/fatty-acid-and-amino-acid-composition-in-mene-maculata-in-the-sea-of-maluku" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">909</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">758</span> Effect of Boric Acid on a-Hydroxy Acids Compounds in Thin Layer Chromatography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elham%20Moniri">Elham Moniri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Homayon%20Ahmad%20Panahi"> Homayon Ahmad Panahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmad%20Izadi"> Ahmad Izadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohamad%20Mehdi%20Parvin"> Mohamad Mehdi Parvin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atyeh%20Rahimi"> Atyeh Rahimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this investigation Salicylic acid, Sulfosalicylic acid and Acetyl salicylic acid were chosen as a sample for thin layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel plates. Bicarbonate buffer at different pH containing different amounts of boric acid was applied as mobile phase. Specific interaction of these substances with boric acid has effect on Rf in thin layer chromatography. Regular and similar trend was observed in variations of Rf for mentioned compounds in TLC by altering of percentages of boric acid in mobile phase in pH range of 8-10. Also effect of organic solvent, mixture of water/ organic solvent and organic solvent containing boric acid as mobile phase was studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thin%20layer%20chromatography%20%28TLC%29" title="Thin layer chromatography (TLC)">Thin layer chromatography (TLC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aspirin" title=" Aspirin"> Aspirin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Salicylic%20acid" title="Salicylic acid">Salicylic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sulfosalycylic%20acid" title=" Sulfosalycylic acid"> Sulfosalycylic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Boric%20acid." title=" Boric acid."> Boric acid.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/effect-of-boric-acid-on-a-hydroxy-acids-compounds-in-thin-layer-chromatography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">757</span> High Performance Liquid Chromatography Determination of Urinary Hippuric Acid and Benzoic Acid as Indices for Glue Sniffer Urine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdul%20Rahim%20Yacob">Abdul Rahim Yacob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohamad%20Raizul%20Zinalibdin"> Mohamad Raizul Zinalibdin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A simple method for the simultaneous determination of hippuric acid and benzoic acid in urine using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography was described. Chromatography was performed on a Nova-Pak C18 (3.9 x 150 mm) column with a mobile phase of mixed solution methanol: water: acetic acid (20:80:0.2) and UV detection at 254 nm. The calibration curve was linear within concentration range at 0.125 to 6.0 mg/ml of hippuric acid and benzoic acid. The recovery, accuracy and coefficient variance of hippuric acid were 104.54%, 0.2% and 0.2% respectively and for benzoic acid were 98.48%, 1.25% and 0.60% respectively. The detection limit of this method was 0.01ng/l for hippuric acid and 0.06ng/l for benzoic acid. This method has been applied to the analysis of urine samples from the suspected of toluene abuser or glue sniffer among secondary school students at Johor Bahru. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Glue%20sniffer" title="Glue sniffer">Glue sniffer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=High%20Performance%20LiquidChromatography" title=" High Performance LiquidChromatography"> High Performance LiquidChromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hippuric%20Acid" title=" Hippuric Acid"> Hippuric Acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Toluene" title=" Toluene"> Toluene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Urine." title=" Urine."> Urine.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/high-performance-liquid-chromatography-determination-of-urinary-hippuric-acid-and-benzoic-acid-as-indices-for-glue-sniffer-urine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">756</span> Mathematical Simulation of Acid Concentration Effects during Acid Nitric Leaching of Cobalt from a Mixed Cobalt-Copper Oxide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ek%20Ngoy">Ek Ngoy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A%20F%20Mulaba-Bafubiandi"> A F Mulaba-Bafubiandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cobalt was acid nitric leached from a mixed cobaltcopper oxide with variable acid concentration. Resulting experimental data were used to analyze effects of increase in acid concentration, based on a shrinking core model of the process. The mathematical simulation demonstrated that the time rate of the dissolution mechanism is an increasing function of acid concentration. It was also shown that the magnitude of the acid concentration effect is time dependent and the increase in acid concentration is more effective at earlier stage of the dissolution than at later stage. The remaining process parameters are comprehensively affected by acid concentration and their interaction is synergetic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Acid%20effect" title="Acid effect">Acid effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cobalt" title=" Cobalt"> Cobalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cobalt-copper%20oxide" title=" Cobalt-copper oxide"> Cobalt-copper oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Leaching" title=" Leaching"> Leaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Simulation" title=" Simulation"> Simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/mathematical-simulation-of-acid-concentration-effects-during-acid-nitric-leaching-of-cobalt-from-a-mixed-cobalt-copper-oxide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8030.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1845</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">755</span> Evaluation of SSR Markers Associated with High Oleic Acid in Sunflower </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atitaya%20Singchai">Atitaya Singchai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nooduan%20Muangsan"> Nooduan Muangsan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thitiporn%20Machikowa"> Thitiporn Machikowa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Sunflower oil with high oleic acid content is most desirable because of its high oxidative stability. Screening sunflower of high oleic acid using conventional method is laborious and time consuming. Therefore, the use of molecular markers as a screening tool is promising. The objective of this research was to evaluate SSR primers for high oleic acid content in sunflower. Two sunflower lines, 5A and PI 649855 were used as the representative of low and high oleic acid sunflowers, respectively, and thirty seven SSR markers were used to identify oleic acid content trait. The results revealing 10 SSR primers showed polymorphic between high and low oleic acid lines and thus were informative. With these primers, therefore, it is possible to identify the genetic markers associated with high oleic acid trait in sunflower genotypes. </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microsatellite" title="Microsatellite">Microsatellite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Helianthus%20annuus%20L." title=" Helianthus annuus L."> Helianthus annuus L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fatty%20acid%20composition" title=" fatty acid composition"> fatty acid composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=molecular%20markers." title=" molecular markers."> molecular markers.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/evaluation-of-ssr-markers-associated-with-high-oleic-acid-in-sunflower" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2582</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">754</span> The Catalytic Properties of PtSn/Al2O3 for Acetic Acid Hydrogenation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mingchuan%20Zhou">Mingchuan Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haitao%20Zhang"> Haitao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hongfang%20Ma"> Hongfang Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weiyong%20Ying"> Weiyong Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Alumina supported platinum and tin catalysts with different loadings of Pt and Sn were prepared and characterized by low temperature N<sub>2</sub> adsorption/desorption, H<sub>2</sub>-temperature programed reduction and CO pulse chemisorption. Pt and Sn below 1% loading were suitable for acetic acid hydrogenation. The best performance over 0.75Pt1Sn/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> can reach 87.55% conversion of acetic acid and 47.39% selectivity of ethanol. The operating conditions of acetic acid hydrogenation over 1Pt1Sn/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> were investigated. High reaction temperature can enhance the conversion of acetic acid, but it decreased total selectivity of ethanol and acetyl acetate. High pressure and low weight hourly space velocity were beneficial to both conversion of acetic acid and selectivity to ethanol.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Acetic%20acid" title="Acetic acid">Acetic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hydrogenation" title=" hydrogenation"> hydrogenation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PtSn" title=" PtSn"> PtSn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=operating%20condition." title=" operating condition. "> operating condition. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/the-catalytic-properties-of-ptsnal2o3-for-acetic-acid-hydrogenation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">753</span> A Comparison of Dilute Sulfuric and Phosphoric Acid Pretreatments in Biofuel Production from Corncobs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jirakarn%20Nantapipat">Jirakarn Nantapipat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Apanee%20Luengnaruemitchai"> Apanee Luengnaruemitchai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sujitra%20Wongkasemjit"> Sujitra Wongkasemjit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biofuels, like biobutanol, have been recognized for being renewable and sustainable fuels which can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass. To convert lignocellulosic biomass to biofuel, pretreatment process is an important step to remove hemicelluloses and lignin to improve enzymatic hydrolysis. Dilute acid pretreatment has been successful developed for pretreatment of corncobs and the optimum conditions of dilute sulfuric and phosphoric acid pretreatment were obtained at 120 °C for 5 min with 15:1 liquid to solid ratio and 140 °C for 10 min with 10:1 liquid to solid ratio, respectively. The result shows that both of acid pretreatments gave the content of total sugar approximately 34–35 g/l. In case of inhibitor content (furfural), phosphoric acid pretreatment gives higher than sulfuric acid pretreatment. Characterizations of corncobs after pretreatment indicate that both of acid pretreatments can improve enzymatic accessibility and the better results present in corncobs pretreated with sulfuric acid in term of surface area, crystallinity, and composition analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Corncobs" title="Corncobs">Corncobs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pretreatment" title=" Pretreatment"> Pretreatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sulfuric%20acid" title=" Sulfuric acid"> Sulfuric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Phosphoric%0Aacid." title=" Phosphoric acid."> Phosphoric acid.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/a-comparison-of-dilute-sulfuric-and-phosphoric-acid-pretreatments-in-biofuel-production-from-corncobs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">752</span> Optimization of Diluted Organic Acid Pretreatment on Rice Straw Using Response Surface Methodology </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rotchanaphan%20Hengaroonprasan">Rotchanaphan Hengaroonprasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Malinee%20Sriariyanun"> Malinee Sriariyanun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Prapakorn%20Tantayotai"> Prapakorn Tantayotai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Supacharee%20Roddecha"> Supacharee Roddecha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kraipat%20Cheenkachorn"> Kraipat Cheenkachorn </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Lignocellolusic material is a substance that is resistant to be degraded by microorganisms or hydrolysis enzymes. To be used as materials for biofuel production, it needs pretreatment process to improve efficiency of hydrolysis. In this work, chemical pretreatments on rice straw using three diluted organic acids, including acetic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, were optimized. Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the effect of three pretreatment parameters, acid concentration, treatment time, and reaction temperature, on pretreatment efficiency were statistically evaluated. The results indicated that dilute oxalic acid pretreatment led to the highest enhancement of enzymatic saccharification by commercial cellulase and yielded sugar up to 10.67 mg/ml when using 5.04% oxalic acid at 137.11 oC for 30.01 min. Compared to other acid pretreatment by acetic acid, citric acid, and hydrochloric acid, the maximum sugar yields are 7.07, 6.30, and 8.53 mg/ml, respectively. Here, it was demonstrated that organic acids can be used for pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials to enhance of hydrolysis process, which could be integrated to other applications for various biorefinery processes. </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lignocellolusic%20biomass" title="Lignocellolusic biomass">Lignocellolusic biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pretreatment" title=" pretreatment"> pretreatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=organic%20acid%0D%0Aresponse%20surface%20methodology" title=" organic acid response surface methodology"> organic acid response surface methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biorefinery." title=" biorefinery."> biorefinery.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/optimization-of-diluted-organic-acid-pretreatment-on-rice-straw-using-response-surface-methodology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">751</span> Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasses for Lactic Acid Production by acid Hydrolysis and Fermentation using Lactobacillus sp</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Woranart%20Jonglertjunya">Woranart Jonglertjunya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nattawadee%20Pranrawang"> Nattawadee Pranrawang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nuanyai%20Phookongka"> Nuanyai Phookongka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thanasak%20Sridangtip"> Thanasak Sridangtip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Watthana%20Sawedrungreang">Watthana Sawedrungreang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chularat%20Krongtaew"> Chularat Krongtaew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Sugarcane bagasses are one of the most extensively used agricultural residues. Using acid hydrolysis and fermentation, conversion of sugarcane bagasses to lactic acid was technically and economically feasible. This research was concerned with the solubility of lignin in ammonium hydroxide, acid hydrolysis and lactic acid fermentation by Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus casei. The lignin extraction results for different ammonium hydroxide concentrations showed that 10 % (v/v) NH4OH was favorable to lignin dissolution. Acid hydrolysis can be enhanced with increasing acid concentration and reaction temperature. The optimum glucose and xylose concentrations occurred at 121 ○C for 1 hour hydrolysis time in 10% sulphuric acid solution were 32 and 11 g/l, respectively. In order to investigate the significance of medium composition on lactic acid production, experiments were undertaken whereby a culture of Lactococcus lactis was grown under various glucose, peptone, yeast extract and xylose concentrations. The optimum medium was composed of 5 g/l glucose, 2.5 g/l xylose, 10 g/l peptone and 5 g/l yeast extract. Lactococcus lactis represents the most efficient for lactic acid production amongst those considered. The lactic acid fermentation by Lactococcus lactis after 72 hours gave the highest yield of 1.4 (g lactic acid per g reducing sugar).</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sugarcane%20bagasses" title="sugarcane bagasses">sugarcane bagasses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=acid%20hydrolysis" title=" acid hydrolysis"> acid hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lactic%20acid" title=" lactic acid"> lactic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/utilization-of-sugarcane-bagasses-for-lactic-acid-production-by-acid-hydrolysis-and-fermentation-using-lactobacillus-sp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">750</span> Hydrolytic Properties of Ellagic Acid in Commercial Pomegranate Juices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sibel%20Uzuner">Sibel Uzuner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jale%20Acar"> Jale Acar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pomegranate and pomegranate juices (PJs) have taken great attention for their health benefits in the last years. As there is an increasing concern about potential health benefits of ellagic acid, it is of great interest to evaluate alterations in ellagic acid concentration of commercial PJs. The purpose of this study is to analyze total phenolic, free and total ellagic acid content of six commercial PJs sold in Turkish markets using HPLC. The results showed that some commercial PJs had markedly high total phenolic and ellagic acid content. Total phenolic substances of commercial PJs range from 796.71 to 4608.91 mg GAE/l. Free amount of ellagic acid in commercial PJs range from 27.64 to 111.78 mg/l. Samples are hydrolyzed with concentrated HCl at 93oC for 2 and 24 hour and influences of temperature and time parameters on hydrolization were investigated. Thermal processing for pasteurization increased ellagic acid via ellagitannins hydrolysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ellagic%20acid" title="Ellagic acid">Ellagic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ellagitannin" title=" ellagitannin"> ellagitannin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pomegranate%20juice" title=" pomegranate juice"> pomegranate juice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=total%0Aphenolic%20compounds" title=" total phenolic compounds"> total phenolic compounds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/hydrolytic-properties-of-ellagic-acid-in-commercial-pomegranate-juices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">749</span> Inhibitory Effect of Lactic Acid and Nisin on Bacterial Spoilage of Chilled Shrimp</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20R.%20Shirazinejad">A. R. Shirazinejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Noryati"> I. Noryati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Rosma"> A. Rosma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Darah"> I. Darah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lactic acid alone and its combined application with nisin were evaluated for reducing population of naturally occurring microorganisms on chilled shrimp. Fresh shrimps were dipped in 0, 1.0% and 2.0% (v/v) lactic acid alone and their combined application with 0.04 (g/L/kg) nisin solution for 10 min. Total plate counts of aerobic bacteria (TPCs), Psychrotrophic counts, population of Pseudomonas spp., H2S producing bacteria and Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on shrimps were determined during storage at 4 °C. The results indicated that total plate counts were 2.91 and 2.63 log CFU/g higher on untreated shrimps after 7 and 14 days of storage, respectively, than on shrimps treated with 2.0% lactic acid combined with 0.04 (g/L/kg) nisin. Both concentrations of lactic acid indicated significant reduction on Pseudomonas counts during storage, while 2.0% lactic acid combined with nisin indicated the highest reduction. In addition, H2S producing bacteria were more sensitive to high concentration of lactic acid combined with nisin during storage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shrimp" title="Shrimp">Shrimp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lactic%20acid" title=" lactic acid"> lactic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nisin" title=" nisin"> nisin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spoilage%20bacteria" title=" spoilage bacteria"> spoilage bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/inhibitory-effect-of-lactic-acid-and-nisin-on-bacterial-spoilage-of-chilled-shrimp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">748</span> Analysis of the Supramolecular Complex of Kinetin with Glycyrrhizic Acid Using the Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Y.%20Matmuratov">B. Y. Matmuratov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20D.%20Madrakhimova.%20R.%20S.%20Esanov.%20A.%20D.%20Matchanov"> S. D. Madrakhimova. R. S. Esanov. A. D. Matchanov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Supramolecular complexes of glycyrrhizic acid with kinetin in various molar ratios were obtained, physico-chemical parameters and spectral properties of the resulting complexes were studied (UV, IR, mass spectrometry.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Monoammonium%20salt%20of%20glycyrrhizic%20acid" title="Monoammonium salt of glycyrrhizic acid">Monoammonium salt of glycyrrhizic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=glycyrrhizic%20acid" title=" glycyrrhizic acid"> glycyrrhizic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=supramolecular%20complex" title=" supramolecular complex"> supramolecular complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=isomolar%20series" title=" isomolar series"> isomolar series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=IR%20spectroscopy." title=" IR spectroscopy."> IR spectroscopy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/analysis-of-the-supramolecular-complex-of-kinetin-with-glycyrrhizic-acid-using-the-chromatography-mass-spectrometry-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">747</span> Growth Behaviors, Thermostable Direct Hemolysin Secretion and Fatty Acid Profiles of Acid-adapted and Non-adapted Vibrio parahaemolyticus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ming-Lun%20Chiang">Ming-Lun Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chieh%20Wu"> Chieh Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ming-Ju%20Chen"> Ming-Ju Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Three strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (690, BCRC 13023 and BCRC 13025) implicated in food poisoning outbreaks in Taiwan were subjected to acid adaptation at pH 5.5 for 90 min. The growth behaviors of acid-adapted and non-adapted V. parahaemolyticus in the media supplemented with various nitrogen and carbon sources were investigated. The effects of acid adaptation on the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) secretion and fatty acid profiles of V. parahaemolyticus were also examined. Results showed that acid-adapted and non-adapted V. parahaemolyticus 690, BCRC 13023 and BCRC 13025 grew similarly in TSB-3% NaCl and basal media supplemented with various carbon and nitrogen sources during incubation period. Higher TDH secretion was noted with V. parahaemolyticus 690 among the three strains. However, acid-adapted strains produced less amounts of TDH than non-adapted strains when they were grown in TSB-3% NaCl. Additionally, acid adaptation increased the ratio of SFA/USFA in cells of V. parahaemolyticus strains.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vibrio%20parahaemolyticus" title="Vibrio parahaemolyticus">Vibrio parahaemolyticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=acid%20adaptation" title=" acid adaptation"> acid adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermostable%20direct%20hemolysin" title=" thermostable direct hemolysin"> thermostable direct hemolysin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fatty%20acid%20profile." title=" fatty acid profile."> fatty acid profile.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/growth-behaviors-thermostable-direct-hemolysin-secretion-and-fatty-acid-profiles-of-acid-adapted-and-non-adapted-vibrio-parahaemolyticus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">746</span> Biocompatible Ionic Liquids in Liquid – Liquid Extraction of Lactic Acid: A Comparative Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Konstantza%20Tonova">Konstantza Tonova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ivan%20Svinyarov"> Ivan Svinyarov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Milen%20G.%20Bogdanov"> Milen G. Bogdanov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Ionic liquids consisting of a phosphonium cationic moiety and a saccharinate anion are synthesized and compared with their precursors, phosphonium chlorides, in reference to their extraction efficiency towards L-lactic acid. On the base of measurements of the acid and the water partitioning in the equilibrium biphasic systems, the molar ratios between acid, water and ionic liquid are estimated which allows to deduce the lactic acid extractive pathway. The effect of a salting-out addition that strengthens hydrophobicity in both phases is studied in view to reveal the best biphasic system with respect to IL low toxicity and high extraction efficiency.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Biphasic%20system" title="Biphasic system">Biphasic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Extraction" title=" Extraction"> Extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ionic%20liquids" title=" Ionic liquids"> Ionic liquids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lactic%0D%0Aacid." title=" Lactic acid."> Lactic acid.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/biocompatible-ionic-liquids-in-liquid-liquid-extraction-of-lactic-acid-a-comparative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2716</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">745</span> Growth Effects of Caffeic Acid and Thioglycolic Acid Modified Chitosans in U937 Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aytekin%20A.O.">Aytekin A.O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Morimura%20S."> Morimura S.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chitosan is a biopolymer composed of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine. Solubility and viscosity pose problems in some applications. These problems can be overcome with unique modifications. In this study, firstly, chitosan was modified by caffeic acid and thioglycolic acid, separately. Then, growing effects of these modified polymers was observed in U937 cell line. Caffeic acid is a phenolic compound and its modifications act carcinogenic inhibitors in drugs. Thiolated chitosans are commonly being used for drugdelivery systems in various routes, because of enhancing mucoadhesiveness property. U937 cell line was used model cell for leukaemia. Modifications were achieved by 1 – 15 % binding range. Increasing binding ratios showed higher radical-scavenging activity and reducing cell growth, in compared to native chitosan. Caffeic acid modifications showed higher radical-scavenging activity than thiolated chitosans at the same concentrations. Caffeic acid and thioglycolic acid modifications inhibited growth of U937, effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chitosan" title="Chitosan">Chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=U937%20cell" title=" U937 cell"> U937 cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=caffeic%20acid" title=" caffeic acid"> caffeic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thioglycolic%20acid" title=" thioglycolic acid"> thioglycolic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/growth-effects-of-caffeic-acid-and-thioglycolic-acid-modified-chitosans-in-u937-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1870</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">744</span> Effect of Acid Adaptation on the Survival of Three Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains under Simulated Gastric Condition and their Protein Expression Profiles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ming-Lun%20Chiang">Ming-Lun Chiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hsi-Chia%20Chen"> Hsi-Chia Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chieh%20Wu"> Chieh Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yu-Ting%20Tseng"> Yu-Ting Tseng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ming-Ju%20Chen"> Ming-Ju Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, three strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (690, BCRC 13023 and BCRC 13025) were subjected to acid adaptation at pH 5.5 for 90 min. The survival of acid-adapted and non-adapted V. parahaemolyticus strains under simulated gastric condition and their protein expression profiles were investigated. Results showed that acid adaptation increased the survival of the test V. parahaemolyticus strains after exposure to simulated gastric juice (pH 3). Additionally, acid adaptation also affected the protein expression in these V. parahaemolyticus strains. Nine proteins, identified as atpA, atpB, DnaK, GroEL, OmpU, enolase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, phosphoglycerate kinase and triosephosphate isomerase, were induced by acid adaptation in two or three of the test strains. These acid-adaptive proteins may play important regulatory roles in the acid tolerance response (ATR) of V. parahaemolyticus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Acid%20adaptation" title="Acid adaptation">Acid adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=protein%20expression" title=" protein expression"> protein expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=simulated%20gastric%0Ajuice" title=" simulated gastric juice"> simulated gastric juice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vibrio%20parahaemolyticus" title=" Vibrio parahaemolyticus"> Vibrio parahaemolyticus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/effect-of-acid-adaptation-on-the-survival-of-three-vibrio-parahaemolyticus-strains-under-simulated-gastric-condition-and-their-protein-expression-profiles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1588</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">743</span> Screening and Identification of Microorganisms – Potential Producers of Arachidonic Acid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20V.%20Goncharova">A. V. Goncharova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20A.%20Karpenyuk"> T. A. Karpenyuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20S.%20Tsurkan"> Y. S. Tsurkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20U.%20Beisembaeva"> R. U. Beisembaeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20M.%20Kalbaeva"> A. M. Kalbaeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20D.%20Mukasheva"> T. D. Mukasheva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20V.%20Ignatova"> L. V. Ignatova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Microorganisms isolated from water and soil of Kazakhstan to identify potential high-effective producers of the arachidonic acid, exhibiting a wide range of physiological activity and having practical applications were screened. Based on the results of two independent tests (the test on the sensitivity of the growth processes of microorganisms to acetylsalicylic acid - an irreversible inhibitor of PGH-synthase involved in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and its derivatives, the test for inhibition of peroxidase activity of membrane-bounding fraction of PGH - synthase by acetylsalicylic acid) were selected microbial cultures which are potential highproducer of arachidonic acid. They are characterized by a stable strong growth in the laboratory conditions. Identification of microorganism cultures based on morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular genetic characteristics was performed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Arachidonic%20acid" title="Arachidonic acid">Arachidonic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=aspirin-sensitive%20culture" title=" aspirin-sensitive culture"> aspirin-sensitive culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=producers" title=" producers"> producers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=screening." title=" screening."> screening.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/screening-and-identification-of-microorganisms-potential-producers-of-arachidonic-acid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">742</span> Characterization of Penicillin V Acid and Its Related Compounds by HPLC</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bahdja%20Guerfi">Bahdja Guerfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Hadhoum"> N. Hadhoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Azouz"> I. Azouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Bendoumia"> M. Bendoumia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Bouafia"> S. Bouafia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Z.%20Hadjadj%20Aoul"> F. Z. Hadjadj Aoul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Background: 'Penicillin V' is a narrow, bactericidal antibiotic of the beta-lactam family of the naturally occurring penicillin group. It is limited to infections due to the germs defined as sensitive. The objective of this work was to identify and to characterize Penicillin V acid and its related compounds by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methods: Firstly phenoxymethylpenicillin was identified by an infrared absorption. The organoleptic characteristics, pH, and determination of water content were also studied. The dosage of Penicillin V acid active substance and the determination of its related compounds were carried on waters HPLC, equipped with a UV detector at 254 nm and Discovery HS C18 column (250 mm X 4.6 mm X 5 µm) which is maintained at room temperature. The flow rate was about 1 ml per min. A mixture of water, acetonitrile and acetic acid (65:35:01) was used as mobile phase for phenoxyacetic acid ‘impurity B' and a mixture of water, acetonitrile and acetic acid (650:150:5.75) for the assay and 4-hydroxypenicillin V 'impurity D'. Results: The identification of Penicillin V acid active substance and the evaluation of its chemical quality showed conformity with USP 35th edition. The Penicillin V acid content in the raw material is equal to 1692.22 UI/mg. The percentage content of phenoxyacetic acid and 4-hydroxypenicillin V was respectively: 0.035% and 0.323%. Conclusion: Through these results, we can conclude that the Penicillin V acid active substance tested is of good physicochemical quality.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Penicillin%20V%20acid" title="Penicillin V acid">Penicillin V acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=related%20substances" title=" related substances"> related substances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HPLC." title=" HPLC."> HPLC.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/characterization-of-penicillin-v-acid-and-its-related-compounds-by-hplc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1043</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">741</span> Proteomic Analysis of Tumor Tissue after Treatment with Ascorbic Acid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seyeon%20Park">Seyeon Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mi%20Jang"> Mi Jang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tumor cells have an invasive and metastatic phenotype that is the main cause of death for cancer patients. Tumor establishment and penetration consists of a series of complex processes involving multiple changes in gene expression. In this study, intraperitoneal administration of a high concentration of ascorbic acid inhibited tumor establishment and decreased tumor mass in BALB/C mice implanted with S-180 sarcoma cancer cells. To identify proteins involved in the ascorbic acid-mediated inhibition of tumor progression, changes in the tumor proteome associated with ascorbic acid treatment of BALB/C mice implanted with S-180 were investigated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Twenty protein spots were identified whose expression was different between control and ascorbic acid treatment groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ascorbic%20acid" title="Ascorbic acid">Ascorbic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Proteomic%20analysis" title=" Proteomic analysis"> Proteomic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S-180%20implantedBALB%2FC%20mouse" title=" S-180 implantedBALB/C mouse"> S-180 implantedBALB/C mouse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/proteomic-analysis-of-tumor-tissue-after-treatment-with-ascorbic-acid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1680</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">740</span> Effect of Different Lactic Acid Bacteria on Phytic Acid Content and Quality of whole Wheat Toast Bread</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Z.%20Didar">Z. Didar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Pourfarzad"> A. Pourfarzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20H.%20Haddad%20Khodaparast"> M. H. Haddad Khodaparast</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, consumption of whole flours and flours with high extraction rate is recommended, because of their high amount of fibers, vitamins and minerals. Despite nutritional benefits of whole flour, concentration of some undesirable components such as phytic acid is higher than white flour. In this study, effect of several lactic acid bacteria sourdough on Toast bread is investigated. Sourdough from lactic acid bacteria (Lb. plantarum, Lb. reuteri) with different dough yield (250 and 300) is made and incubated at 30°C for 20 hour, then added to dough in the ratio of 10, 20 and 30% replacement. Breads that supplemented with Lb. plantarum sourdough had lower phytic acid. Higher replacement of sourdough and higher DY cause higher decrease in phytic acid content. Sourdough from Lb. plantarum, DY = 300 and 30% replacement cause the highest decrease in phytic acid content (49.63 mg/100g). As indicated by panelists, Lb. reuteri sourdough can present the greatest effect on overall quality score of the breads. DY reduction cause a decrease in bread quality score. Sensory score of Toast bread is 81.71 in the samples that treated with Lb. reuteri sourdough with DY = 250 and 20% replacement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Phytic%20Acid" title="Phytic Acid">Phytic Acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sourdough" title=" Sourdough"> Sourdough</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Toast%20Bread" title=" Toast Bread"> Toast Bread</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Whole%20Wheat%20Flour" title=" Whole Wheat Flour"> Whole Wheat Flour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lactic%20Acid%20Bacteria." title=" Lactic Acid Bacteria."> Lactic Acid Bacteria.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/effect-of-different-lactic-acid-bacteria-on-phytic-acid-content-and-quality-of-whole-wheat-toast-bread" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2943</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">739</span> Biologically Active Caffeic Acid-Derived Biopolymer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Barbakadze">V. Barbakadze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Gogilashvili"> L. Gogilashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Amiranashvili"> L. Amiranashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Merlani"> M. Merlani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Mulkijanyan"> K. Mulkijanyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The high-molecular water-soluble preparations from several species of two genera (Symphytum and Anchusa) of Boraginaceae family Symphytum asperum, S. caucasicum, S.officinale and Anchusa italica were isolated. According to IR, 13C and 1H NMR, APT, 1D NOE, 2D heteronuclear 1H/13C HSQC and 2D DOSY experiments, the main chemical constituent of these preparations was found to be caffeic acid-derived polyether, namely poly[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)glyceric acid] (PDPGA) or poly[oxy-1- carboxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene]. Most carboxylic groups of this caffeic acid-derived polymer of A. italica are methylated.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anchusa" title="Anchusa">Anchusa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=poly%5B3-%283" title=" poly[3-(3"> poly[3-(3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=4-dihydroxyphenyl%29glyceric%20acid%5D" title="4-dihydroxyphenyl)glyceric acid]">4-dihydroxyphenyl)glyceric acid]</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=poly%5Boxy-1-carboxy-2-%283" title=" poly[oxy-1-carboxy-2-(3"> poly[oxy-1-carboxy-2-(3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=4-dihydroxyphenyl%29ethylene%5D" title="4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene]">4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene]</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Symphytum." title=" Symphytum."> Symphytum.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/biologically-active-caffeic-acid-derived-biopolymer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">738</span> Kinetic Study of Gluconic Acid Batch Fermentation by Aspergillus niger</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Akbarningrum%20Fatmawati">Akbarningrum Fatmawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rudy%20Agustriyanto"> Rudy Agustriyanto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lindawati"> Lindawati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gluconic acid is one of interesting chemical products in industries such as detergents, leather, photographic, textile, and especially in food and pharmaceutical industries. Fermentation is an advantageous process to produce gluconic acid. Mathematical modeling is important in the design and operation of fermentation process. In fact, kinetic data must be available for modeling. The kinetic parameters of gluconic acid production by Aspergillus niger in batch culture was studied in this research at initial substrate concentration of 150, 200 and 250 g/l. The kinetic models used were logistic equation for growth, Luedeking-Piret equation for gluconic acid formation, and Luedeking-Piret-like equation for glucose consumption. The Kinetic parameters in the model were obtained by minimizing non linear least squares curve fitting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aspergillus%20niger" title="Aspergillus niger">Aspergillus niger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gluconic%20acid" title=" gluconic acid"> gluconic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kinetic." title="kinetic.">kinetic.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/kinetic-study-of-gluconic-acid-batch-fermentation-by-aspergillus-niger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2693</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">737</span> The Use of Acid-Aluminium Tolerant Bradyrhizobium japonicum Formula for</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nisa%20Rachmania%20Mubarik">Nisa Rachmania Mubarik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tedja%20Imas"> Tedja Imas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aris%20Tri%20Wahyudi"> Aris Tri Wahyudi </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Triadiati"> Triadiati </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suharyanto"> Suharyanto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Happy%20Widiastuti"> Happy Widiastuti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Land with low pH soil spread widely in Indonesia can be used for soybean (Glycine max) cultivation, however the production is low. The use of acid tolerant soybean and acidaluminium tolerant nitrogen-fixing bacteria formula was an alternative way to increase soybean productivity on acid soils. Bradyrhizobium japonicum is one of the nitrogen fixing bacteria which can symbiose with soybean plants through root nodule formation. Most of the nitrogen source required by soybean plants can be provided by this symbiosis. This research was conducted to study the influence of acid-aluminium tolerant B. japonicum strain BJ 11 formula using peat as carrier on growth of Tanggamus and Anjasmoro cultivar soybean planted on acid soil fields (pH 5.0- 5.5). The results showed that the inoculant was able to increase the growth and production of soybean which were grown on fields acid soil at Sukadana (Lampung) and Tanah Laut (South Kalimantan), Indonesia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bradyrhizobium%20japonicum" title="Bradyrhizobium japonicum">Bradyrhizobium japonicum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=acid-aluminium%0Atolerant%20mutant" title=" acid-aluminium tolerant mutant"> acid-aluminium tolerant mutant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tanggamus%20cultivar%20soybean" title=" Tanggamus cultivar soybean"> Tanggamus cultivar soybean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=acid%20soils" title=" acid soils"> acid soils</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/the-use-of-acid-aluminium-tolerant-bradyrhizobium-japonicum-formula-for" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2062</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">736</span> Effect of Different Salts on Pseudomonas taetrolens’ Ability to Lactobionic Acid Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Sarenkova">I. Sarenkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Ciprovica"> I. Ciprovica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Cinkmanis"> I. Cinkmanis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Lactobionic acid is a disaccharide formed from gluconic acid and galactose, and produced by oxidation of lactose. Productivity of lactobionic acid by microbial synthesis can be affected by various factors, and one of them is a presence of potassium, magnesium and manganese ions. In order to extend lactobionic acid production efficiency, it is necessary to increase the yield of lactobionic acid by optimising the fermentation conditions and available substrates for <em>Pseudomonas taetrolens</em> growth. The object of the research was to determinate the application of K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>, MnSO<sub>4</sub>, MgSO<sub>4</sub> × 7H<sub>2</sub>O salts in different concentration for effective lactose oxidation to lactobionic acid by <em>Pseudomonas taetrolens</em>. <em>Pseudomonas taetrolens</em> NCIB 9396 (NCTC, England) and <em>Pseudomonas taetrolens</em> DSM 21104 (DSMZ, Germany) were used for the study. The acid whey was used as the study object. The content of lactose in whey samples was determined using MilcoScan<sup>TM</sup> Mars (Foss, Denmark) and high performance liquid chromatography (Shimadzu LC 20 Prominence, Japan). The content of lactobionic acid in whey samples was determined using the high performance liquid chromatography. The impact of studied salts differs, Mn<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> ions enhanced fermentation instead of K<sup>+</sup> ions. Results approved that Mn<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+ </sup>ions are necessary for <em>Pseudomonas taetrolens</em> growth. The study results will help to improve the effectiveness of lactobionic acid production with <em>Pseudomonas taetrolens</em> NCIB 9396 and DSM 21104.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lactobionic%20acid" title="lactobionic acid">lactobionic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lactose%20oxidation" title=" lactose oxidation"> lactose oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pseudomonas%20taetrolens" title=" Pseudomonas taetrolens"> Pseudomonas taetrolens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=whey." title=" whey."> whey.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/effect-of-different-salts-on-pseudomonas-taetrolens-ability-to-lactobionic-acid-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">680</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">735</span> Effect of Castration on CLA in Meat Goats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Paengkoum">P. Paengkoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Phonmun"> T. Phonmun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Paengkoum"> S. Paengkoum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Twenty four male Thai native × Anglo-Nubian crossbred goats were randomly allocated to receive four treatments. The experiment was conducted for four months and slaughtered that the Longissimus dorsi muscle was collected for fatty acid analysis. The results conclude that either castrated method or ages had no significantly different on monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (P>0.05) except erucic acid (C22:1n9). Interaction between castrated method and ages had significantly different in MUFA (P<0.01). Although the effect of castration method and age are not difference on fatty acid composition, it contributed to known that difference castration method and age (surgical and budizzo) no effect on accumulation fatty acid in meat goats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Castration" title="Castration">Castration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=goat" title=" goat"> goat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CLA" title=" CLA"> CLA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=meat." title=" meat."> meat.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/effect-of-castration-on-cla-in-meat-goats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">734</span> Poly[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)Glyceric Acid] with Potential Therapeutic Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Barbakadze">V. Barbakadze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Gogilashvili"> L. Gogilashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Amiranashvili"> L. Amiranashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Merlani"> M. Merlani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K%20.Mulkijanyan"> K .Mulkijanyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to IR, 13C and 1H NMR, APT, 1D NOE, 2D heteronuclear 1H/13C HSQC and 2D DOSY experiments the main chemical constituent of high-molecular preparations from Symphytum asperum, S. caucasicum, S. officinale and Anchusa italica (Boraginaceae) was found to be caffeic acid-derived polyether, namely poly[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)glyceric acid] (PDPGA) or poly[oxy-1-carboxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene]. Most carboxylic groups of this polymer of A. italica are methylated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anchusa" title="Anchusa">Anchusa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=poly%5B3-%283" title=" poly[3-(3"> poly[3-(3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=4-dihydroxyphenyl%29glyceric%0D%0Aacid%5D" title="4-dihydroxyphenyl)glyceric acid]">4-dihydroxyphenyl)glyceric acid]</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=poly%5Boxy-1-carboxy-2-%283" title=" poly[oxy-1-carboxy-2-(3"> poly[oxy-1-carboxy-2-(3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=4-dihydroxyphenyl%29ethylene%5D" title="4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene]">4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene]</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Symphytum." title=" Symphytum."> Symphytum.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/poly3-34-dihydroxyphenylglyceric-acid-with-potential-therapeutic-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1700</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">733</span> Assessment of Vermiculite Concrete Containing Bio-Polymer Aggregate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aliakbar%20Sayadi">Aliakbar Sayadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thomas%20R.%20Neitzert"> Thomas R. Neitzert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Charles%20Clifton"> G. Charles Clifton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Min%20Cheol%20Han"> Min Cheol Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study aims to assess the performance of vermiculite concrete containing poly-lactic acid beads as an eco-friendly aggregate. Vermiculite aggregate was replaced by poly-lactic acid in percentages of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. Mechanical and thermal properties of concrete were investigated. Test results indicated that the inclusion of poly-lactic acid decreased the PH value of concrete and all the poly-lactic acid particles were dissolved due to the formation of sodium lactide and lactide oligomers when subjected to the high alkaline environment of concrete. In addition, an increase in thermal conductivity value of concrete was observed as the ratio of poly-lactic acid increased. Moreover, a set of equations was proposed to estimate the water-cement ratio, cement content and water absorption ratio of concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Poly-lactic%20acid" title="Poly-lactic acid">Poly-lactic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PLA" title=" PLA"> PLA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vermiculite" title=" vermiculite"> vermiculite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=eco-friendly" title=" eco-friendly"> eco-friendly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mechanical%20properties." title=" mechanical properties."> mechanical properties.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/assessment-of-vermiculite-concrete-containing-bio-polymer-aggregate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1799</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">732</span> Evaluation of Corrosion Caused by Biogenic Sulfuric Acid (BSA) on the Concrete Structures of Sewerage Systems (Chemical Tests)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Cort%C3%A9s">M. Cortés</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Vera"> E. Vera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=O.%20Rojas"> O. Rojas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The research studies of the kinetics of the corrosion process that attacks concrete and occurs within sewerage systems agree on the amount of variables that interfere in the process. This study aims to check the impact of the pH levels of the corrosive environment and the concrete surface, the concentrations of chemical sulfuric acid, and in turn, measure the resistance of concrete to this attack under controlled laboratory conditions; it also aims to contribute to the development of further research related to the topic, in order to compare the impact of biogenic sulfuric acid and chemical sulfuric acid involvement on concrete structures, especially in scenarios such as sewerage systems.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Acid%20Sulfuric" title="Acid Sulfuric">Acid Sulfuric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=corrosion." title=" corrosion."> corrosion.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/evaluation-of-corrosion-caused-by-biogenic-sulfuric-acid-bsa-on-the-concrete-structures-of-sewerage-systems-chemical-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1569</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">731</span> Leaching Behaviour of a Low-grade South African Nickel Laterite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Catherine%20K.%20Thubakgale">Catherine K. Thubakgale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Richard%20K.K.%20Mbaya"> Richard K.K. Mbaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kaby%20Kabongo"> Kaby Kabongo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The morphology, mineralogical and chemical composition of a low-grade nickel ore from Mpumalanga, South Africa, were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), respectively. The ore was subjected to atmospheric agitation leaching using sulphuric acid to investigate the effects of acid concentration, leaching temperature, leaching time and particle size on extraction of nickel and cobalt. Analyses results indicated the ore to be a saprolitic nickel laterite belonging to the serpentine group of minerals. Sulphuric acid was found to be able to extract nickel from the ore. Increased acid concentration and temperature only produced low amounts of nickel but improved cobalt extraction. As high as 77.44% Ni was achieved when leaching a -106+75μm fraction with 4.0M acid concentration at 25oC. The kinetics of nickel leaching from the saprolitic ore were studied and the activation energy was determined to be 18.16kJ/mol. This indicated that nickel leaching reaction was diffusion controlled. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Laterite" title="Laterite">Laterite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sulphuric%20acid" title=" sulphuric acid"> sulphuric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=atmospheric%20leaching" title=" atmospheric leaching"> atmospheric leaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nickel." title=" nickel."> nickel.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/leaching-behaviour-of-a-low-grade-south-african-nickel-laterite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3316</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kojic%20acid&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kojic%20acid&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kojic%20acid&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=kojic%20acid&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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