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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head><title>logic and perception - topical index -The Skeptic's Dictionary - Skepdic.com</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_style/style.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_style/printstyle.css" media="print"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="s1.ico"> <script>(function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v2.0"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script> <!-- Go to www.addthis.com/dashboard to customize your tools --> <script type="text/javascript" src="//s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=ra-5487a05a7e027f30" 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href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#F">f</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#G">g</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#H">h</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#I">i</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#J">j</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#K">k</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#L">l</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#M">m</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#N">n</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#O">o</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#P">p</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#Q">q</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#R">r</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#S">s</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#T">t</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#U">u</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#V">v</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#W">w</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#X">x</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#Y">y</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#Z">z</a></li> </ul> <webContent><h1>topical index: logic &amp; perception</h1> <p><a name="A">A</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="adhoc.html">ad hoc hypothesis</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="adhominem.html">ad hominem</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="adpopulum.html"><i>ad populum</i> fallacy</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="affectbias.html">affect bias</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="anomalisticpsych.html">anomalistic psychology</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="anchoring.html">anchoring effect</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="apophenia.html">apophenia</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="authorty.html">appeal to authority</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="tradition.html">appeal to tradition</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="ignorance.html">argument to ignorance</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="autokinetic.html">autokinetic effect</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="availability.html">availability error</a><br /> <a name="B">B</a><br> <a letter="B" href="backfireeffect.html">backfire effect</a><br /> <a letter="B" href="backward.html">backward (satanic) messages</a><br /> <a letter="B" href="barnum.html">Barnum effect</a><br /> <a letter="B" href="begging.html">begging the question</a><br /> <a name="C">C</a><br> <a letter="C" href="changeblindness.html">change blindness</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="cleverhans.html">Clever Hans phenomenon</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="clustering.html">clustering illusion</a><br /> <a href="http://59ways.blogspot.com/">cognitive biases</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="cognitivedissonance.html">cognitive dissonance</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="coldread.html">cold reading&nbsp;</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="collective.html">collective hallucinations</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="communalreinforcement.html">communal reinforcement</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="sunkcost.html">Concorde fallacy</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="confab.html">confabulation</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="confirmbias.html">confirmation bias</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="control.html">control group study</a><br /> <a name="D">D</a><br> <a letter="D" href="dejavu.html">d茅j脿 vu</a><br /> <a letter="D" href="dvinefal.html">divine fallacy</a><br /> <a name="F">F</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="faceonmars.html">face on Mars</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="falsedilemma.html">false dilemma</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="falsememory.html">false memory</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="forer.html">Forer effect</a><br /> <a name="G">G</a><br> <a letter="G" href="gamblers.html">gambler's fallacy</a><br /> <a name="H">H</a><br> <a letter="H" href="hiddenpersuaders.html">hidden persuaders</a><br /> <a letter="H" href="hsp.html">hypersensory perception</a><br /> <a name="I">I</a><br> <a letter="I" href="illusionofunderstanding.html">illusion of understanding</a><br /> <a letter="I" href="inattentionalblindness.html">inattentional blindness</a><br /> <a letter="I" href="ideomotor.html">ideomotor effect</a><br /> <a letter="I" href="infrasound.html">infrasound</a><br /> <a letter="I" href="intentionalitybias.html">intentionality bias</a><br /> <a name="J">J</a><br> <a letter="J" href="jamaisvu.html">jamais vu</a><br /> <a name="L">L</a><br> <a letter="L" href="lawofnumbers.html">law of truly large numbers</a><br /> <a letter="L" href="littlewood.html">Littlewood's law of miracles</a><br /> <a letter="L" href="fallacies.html">logical fallacies</a><br /> <a href="negativitybias.html">loss aversion</a><br /> <a name="M">M</a><br> <a letter="M" href="magicalthinking.html">magical thinking</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="masshysteria.html">mass hysteria</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="memory.html">memory</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="mosessyndrome.html">Moses syndrome</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="motivatedreasoning.html">motivated reasoning</a><br /> <a name="N">N</a><br> <a letter="N" href="negativitybias.html">negativity bias</a><br /> <a letter="N" href="perfectsolution.html">nirvana fallacy</a><br /> <a letter="N" href="nocebo.html">nocebo effect</a><br /> <a letter="N" href="nonsequitur.html">non sequitur</a><br /> <a name="O">O</a><br> <a letter="O" href="occam.html">Occam's razor</a><br /> <a name="P">P</a><br> <a letter="P" href="pareidol.html">pareidolia</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="perfectsolution.html">perfect solution fallacy</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="placebo.html">placebo effect</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="posoutbias.html">positive-outcome bias</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="posthoc.html">post hoc fallacy</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="pragmatic.html">pragmatic fallacy</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="pvaluefallacy.html">p-value fallacy</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="pyramidiocy.html">pyramidiocy</a><br /> <a name="R">R</a><br> <a letter="R" href="regressive.html">regressive fallacy</a><br /> <a letter="R" href="representativeness.html">representativeness error</a><br /> <a letter="R" href="retfalse.html">retrospective falsification</a><br /> <a name="S">S</a><br> <a letter="S" href="selectionbias.html">selection bias</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="selectiv.html">selective thinking</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="selfdeception.html">self-deception</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="shoehorning.html">shoehorning</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="subliminal.html">subliminal</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="sunkcost.html">sunk-cost fallacy</a><br /> <a name="T">T</a><br> <a letter="T" href="testimon.html">testimonial</a><br /> <a letter="T" href="texas.html">Texas-sharpshooter fallacy</a><br /> <a name="W">W</a><br> <a letter="W" href="wishfulthinking.html">wishful thinking</a><br /> </p> </webContent> <p>Last updated <!-- #BeginDate format:En2 -->20-Nov-2015<!-- #EndDate --> </p> <h3><b><font face="Arial" size="3" color="#666666">Recommended Reading</font></b></h3> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"><a href="http://skepdic.com/refuge/ctlessons.html">Critical Thinking Mini-Lessons</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0201550865/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Adams, James L. <i>Conceptual Blockbusting: A Guide to Better Ideas</i> 3rd ed. (Perseus Press, 1990).</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"> <a href="http://tinyurl.com/6hjlct">Ariely, Dan.&nbsp; (2008)<i>. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions (</i>HarperCollins).</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0813340268/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Dawes, Robyn M. <i>Everyday Irrationality: How Pseudo-Scientists, Lunatics, and the Rest of Us Systematically Fail to Think Rationally</i> (Westview Press 2003).</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0486203948/roberttoddcarrolA/">Gardner, Martin. <i>Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science</i> (New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1957),&nbsp;</a> </font> </p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0879755733/roberttoddcarrolA/">Gardner, Martin.<i> Science: Good, Bad and Bogus</i> (Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1981),&nbsp;</a> </font> </p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0029117062/roberttoddcarrolA/">Gilovich, Thomas. <i>How We Know What Isn't' So: The Fallibility of Human Reason in Everyday Life</i> (New York: The Free Press, 1993)</a>. </font> </p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0547053649/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Groopman, Jerome. M.D. 2007. <i>How Doctors Think</i>. Houghton Mifflin.</a> My review of this book is <a href="http://skepdic.com/refuge/groopman.html">here</a>.</font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0521284147/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Kahneman, Daniel. Paul Slovic, and Amos Tversky.<i> </i>eds<i>. </i>1982.<i> Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases</i> Cambridge University Press.</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1591024080/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Kida, Thomas. 2006. <i>Don&#39;t Believe Everything You Think: The 6 Basic Mistakes We Make in Thinking</i>. Prometheus.</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=053452530X/roberttoddcarrolA/">Kourany, Janet A. <i>Scientific Knowledge: Basic Issues in the Philosophy of Science</i>, 2nd edition (Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Co., 1998).</a> </font> </p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0471266345/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Levine, Robert. 2003<i>. The Power of Persuasion - How We&#39;re Bought and Sold. </i>John Wiley &amp; Sons.</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0345409469/roberttoddcarrolA/">Sagan, Carl. <i>The Demon-Haunted World - Science as a Candle in the Dark</i> (New York: Random House, 1995).</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1841931977/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Seckel, Al. (2006). <i>Incredible Visual Illusions.</i>Arcturus Publishing, Ltd.</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font face="Arial" size="3"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0300101708/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Sternberg, Robert J. ed. <i>Why Smart people Can Be So Stupid</i>. (Yale University Press 2002).</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><font size="3" face="Arial"> <a href="http://tinyurl.com/3m7bxt">Sutherland, Stuart. (2007)<i>. Irrationality.</i> 2rev edition (Pinter &amp; Martin Ltd)</a>.</font></p> </div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="right_it"> <div class="search"> <form method="get" action="http://www.google.com/custom" target="_top"> <input type="hidden" name="domains" value="skepdic.com" /> <input type="text" name="q" maxlength="255" value="" size="20" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> <br /> <div class="search_2"> <input type="radio" name="sitesearch" value="" /> Web &nbsp; &nbsp; <input type="radio" name="sitesearch" value="skepdic.com" checked="checked" /> Skepdic.com <img src="_images/logo_google.gif" alt="Google" width="48" height="19" /> </div> <input type="hidden" name="client" value="pub-3542920166946725" /> <input type="hidden" name="forid" value="1" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="ISO-8859-1" /> <input type="hidden" name="oe" value="ISO-8859-1" /> <input type="hidden" name="cof" value="GALT:#008000;GL:1;DIV:#336699;VLC:663399;AH:center;BGC:FFFFFF;LBGC:336699;ALC:0000FF;LC:0000FF;T:000000;GFNT:0000FF;GIMP:0000FF;FORID:1;" /> <input type="hidden" name="hl" value="en" /> </form> </div> <div class="center"> <p align="right"><a href="http://skepdic.com/authorpage.html"><strong>Books by R. 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