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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Making_of_the_Ajrak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Making_of_the_Ajrak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Making of the Ajrak</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Making_of_the_Ajrak-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Making of the Ajrak subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Making_of_the_Ajrak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jaal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jaal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Jaal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jaal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dyes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dyes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Dyes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dyes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ajrak_blocks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ajrak_blocks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Ajrak blocks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ajrak_blocks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Honour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_day_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_day_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Modern day use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_day_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajrak" title="Ajrak – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ajrak" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajrak" title="Ajrak – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ajrak" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95" title="ਅਜਰਕ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਜਰਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="اجرک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اجرک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajrak" title="Ajrak – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ajrak" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%DA%AA" title="اجرڪ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اجرڪ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="اجرک – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اجرک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q104218192#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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.sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Sindhi_culture" title="Category:Sindhi culture">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:145%;font-weight:heavy;"><a href="/wiki/Sindhis" title="Sindhis">Sindhis</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding-bottom:1.0em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sindh_region" title="Sindh region"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Sindhi.svg/110px-Sindhi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Sindhi.svg/165px-Sindhi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Sindhi.svg/220px-Sindhi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1644" data-file-height="964" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;font-size:95%;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sindh" title="History of Sindh">Identity</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_folklore" title="Sindhi folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_language" title="Sindhi language">Language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_languages" title="Sindhi languages">Dialects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhis" title="Sindhis">Sindhis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_nationalism" title="Sindhi nationalism">Nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhudesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhudesh">State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhology" title="Sindhology">Sindhology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;font-size:95%;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sindh" title="History of Sindh">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rai_dynasty" title="Rai dynasty">Rai dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmin_dynasty_of_Sindh" title="Brahmin dynasty of Sindh">Chacha dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sind_(caliphal_province)" title="Sind (caliphal province)">Arab Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sindh#Medieval_era" title="History of Sindh">Soomra-Samma rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talpur_dynasty" title="Talpur dynasty">Talpurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sind_Province_(1936%E2%80%931955)" title="Sind Province (1936–1955)">British rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Current Era</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;font-size:95%;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_diaspora" title="Sindhi diaspora">Diaspora</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><i>Asia</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhis_in_India" title="Sindhis in India">Sindhis in India</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhis_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Sindhis in Sri Lanka">Sindhis in Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> <p><i>Europe</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Sindhis" title="British Sindhis">Sindhi British</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Gibraltar" title="Hinduism in Gibraltar">Sindhi Gibraltarians</a></li></ul> <p><i>North America</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Americans" title="Sindhi Americans">Sindhi Americans</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Canadians" title="Sindhi Canadians">Sindhi Canadians</a></li></ul> <p><i>Oceania</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Australians" title="Sindhi Australians">Sindhi Australians</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;font-size:95%;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sindh" title="Culture of Sindh">Culture</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_clothing" title="Sindhi clothing">Clothing</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cap" title="Sindhi cap">Hat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Cultural_Day" title="Sindhi Cultural Day">Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cuisine" title="Sindhi cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_dances_of_Sindh" title="Folk dances of Sindh">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sindh#Poetry" title="Culture of Sindh">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_literature" title="Sindhi literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_music" title="Sindhi music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhis#Festivals" title="Sindhis">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhis#Ethnicity_and_religion" title="Sindhis">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sindhi-language_television_channels" title="List of Sindhi-language television channels">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cinema" title="Sindhi cinema">Cinema</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;font-size:95%;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Regions" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions">Regions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thar_Desert" title="Thar Desert">Thar Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibi" title="Sibi">Siwistan</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #ab0000;border-bottom:1px solid #ab0000;font-size:95%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_Pakistan_Sindh.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Location_map_Pakistan_Sindh.png/55px-Location_map_Pakistan_Sindh.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Location_map_Pakistan_Sindh.png/83px-Location_map_Pakistan_Sindh.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Location_map_Pakistan_Sindh.png/110px-Location_map_Pakistan_Sindh.png 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="474" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Pakistan" title="Portal:Pakistan">Sindh portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sindhis" title="Template:Sindhis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sindhis" title="Template talk:Sindhis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sindhis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sindhis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ajrak</b> (<a href="/wiki/Sindhi_language" title="Sindhi language">Sindhi</a>: <span lang="sd" dir="rtl"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227789315">.mw-parser-output .script-arabic{font-family:"Scheherazade New","SF Arabic",Amiri,"Noto Naskh Arabic","Droid Arabic Naskh","Noto Sans Arabic","Sakkal Majalla","Harmattan","Arabic Typesetting","Arabic Transparent","Times New Roman",Arial,Calibri,"Microsoft Sans Serif","Segoe UI",serif,sans-serif;font-weight:normal}</style><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">اجرڪ</span>‎</span>), also known as <b>Ajrakh</b>, is a unique form of textile block-printing found primarily in <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a>, <a href="/wiki/PAKISTAN" class="mw-redirect" title="PAKISTAN">PAKISTAN</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the village of Ajrakhpur in the bordering <a href="/wiki/Kutch_district" title="Kutch district">Kutch district</a> of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ajrak textiles like shawls or dresses display special designs and patterns made using block printing with stamps. Ajrak is a symbol of <a href="/wiki/Sindhi_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhi culture">Sindhi culture</a> and traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ajrak prints are also famous in neighbouring areas of Hyderabad, Pakistan, in <a href="/wiki/Hala,_Sindh" title="Hala, Sindh">Hala</a>, due to their power from the <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilization">Indus Valley civilization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apart from Sindh and Kutch, recently, a Saraiki version of the Ajrak called <a href="/wiki/Sajarak" title="Sajarak">Sajarak</a> was created and is found in <a href="/wiki/South_Punjab_Province" title="South Punjab Province">South Punjab</a>, Pakistan. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist" style="border:1px double #660000; background:#FFFFFF;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><b><span style="color:#000000;">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Sindh" title="Category:Sindh"><span style="color:#000000;">a series</span></a> on</span></b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#660000; color:#FFFFFF; border:1px double #660000;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sindh" title="Culture of Sindh"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Culture of Sindh</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Sindh_Province.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Sindh"><img alt="Emblem of Sindh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coat_of_arms_of_Sindh_Province.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Sindh_Province.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coat_of_arms_of_Sindh_Province.svg/105px-Coat_of_arms_of_Sindh_Province.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Coat_of_arms_of_Sindh_Province.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Sindh_Province.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="457" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#FFFFFF; color:black; border:1px double #660000;"> Culture</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ajrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cap" title="Sindhi cap">Topi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malakhra" title="Malakhra">Malakhro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ektara" title="Ektara">Yaktaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pungi" title="Pungi">Been</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alghoza" title="Alghoza">Alghozo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Jamalo" title="Ho Jamalo">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thadal" title="Thadal">Drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilish" title="Ilish">Pallo</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_Sindh" title="Template:Culture of Sindh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_Sindh" title="Template talk:Culture of Sindh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_Sindh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of Sindh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ajrak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Ajrak.jpg/350px-Ajrak.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Ajrak.jpg/525px-Ajrak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Ajrak.jpg/700px-Ajrak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4137" data-file-height="1821" /></a><figcaption>Sindhi ajrak</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sindhi_Cap_Ajrak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Sindhi_Cap_Ajrak.jpg/220px-Sindhi_Cap_Ajrak.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Sindhi_Cap_Ajrak.jpg/330px-Sindhi_Cap_Ajrak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Sindhi_Cap_Ajrak.jpg/440px-Sindhi_Cap_Ajrak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption>Traditional <a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cap" title="Sindhi cap">Sindhi cap</a>.</figcaption></figure><p>The <a href="/wiki/Sindhi_language" title="Sindhi language">Sindhi</a> word ajrak (اجرڪ) comes from the <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> words ajar or ajor (اجر) meaning brick, and -ak (ک) meaning little. In Persian, -ak is a suffix that forms the diminutive. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Early human settlements in the lower Indus Valley found a way of cultivating and using <i><a href="/wiki/Gossypium_arboreum" title="Gossypium arboreum">Gossypium arboreum</a></i> commonly known as <i>tree cotton</i> to make clothes. These civilizations are thought to have mastered the art of making cotton fabrics. </p><p>A bust of the <i>Priest-King</i> excavated at <a href="/wiki/Mohenjo-daro" title="Mohenjo-daro">Mohenjo-daro</a>, currently in the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Pakistan" title="National Museum of Pakistan">National Museum of Pakistan</a>, shows one shoulder draped in a piece of cloth that resembles an ajrak. Of special note is the <a href="/wiki/Trefoil" title="Trefoil">trefoil</a> pattern etched on the person's garment interspersed with small circles, the interiors of which were filled with a red pigment. <a href="/wiki/Excavation_(archaeology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Excavation (archaeology)">Excavations</a> elsewhere in the <a href="/wiki/Old_World" title="Old World">Old World</a> around <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> have yielded similar patterns on various objects, most notably on the royal couch of <a href="/wiki/Tutankhamen" class="mw-redirect" title="Tutankhamen">Tutankhamen</a>. Similar patterns appear in recent Ajrak prints. </p><p>Ajrak can be called the identity of Sindh and Sindhi people. Ajrak is a symbol of pride and respect for men and glory for women. Sindhi people also present Ajrak as a gesture of hospitality to their guests. </p><p>The level of geometry on the garment comes from the usage of a method of printing called <a href="/wiki/Woodblock_printing" title="Woodblock printing">woodblock printing</a> in which prints were transferred from geometric shapes etched on the wooden blocks by pressing them hard on the fabric. </p><p>The tradition still prevails centuries later, and people still use the same methods of production that were used in the earlier days to create an ajrak. The garment has become an essential part of the Sindhi culture and apparel of Sindhis. Men use it as a turban, a <a href="/wiki/Cummerbund" title="Cummerbund">cummerbund</a> or wind it around their shoulders or simply drape it over one shoulder. Women use it as a <a href="/wiki/Dupatta" title="Dupatta">dupatta</a> or a shalwar and sometimes as a makeshift swing for children. Ajraks are usually about 2.5 to 3 meters long, patterned in intense colours predominantly rich <a href="/wiki/Crimson" title="Crimson">crimson</a> or a deep <a href="/wiki/Indigo" title="Indigo">indigo</a> with some white and black used sparingly to give definition to the geometric symmetry in design. </p><p>Ajraks are made all over Sindh, especially in <a href="/wiki/Matiari" title="Matiari">Matiari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hala,_Sindh" title="Hala, Sindh">Hala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhit" title="Bhit">Bhit Shah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moro,_Pakistan" title="Moro, Pakistan">Moro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sukkur" title="Sukkur">Sukkur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kandiaro" title="Kandiaro">Kandiaro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad,_Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyderabad, Sindh">Hyderabad</a>, and many cities of <a href="/wiki/Upper_Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Sindh">Upper Sindh</a> and Lower Sindh. </p><p>The Ajrak is an integral part of <a href="/wiki/Sindhi_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhi culture">Sindhi culture</a>. Its usage is evident at all levels of society and is held in high esteem, with the utmost respect given to it. According to Sindhi traditions, ajraks are often presented as gifts of hospitality to guests and presented to the person who is utterly respectable. They are also worn on festive occasions such as weddings and cultural events. Many prominent politicians from Sindh publicly wear ajraks, including the deceased former Pakistani Prime Minister, <a href="/wiki/Benazir_Bhutto" title="Benazir Bhutto">Benazir Bhutto</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Making_of_the_Ajrak">Making of the Ajrak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Making of the Ajrak"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jaal">Jaal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Jaal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Sindhis" title="Sindhis">Sindhi</a> Ajrak has rich central patterns natively called "Jaal". They are Mohar, Ghaleecho, Ambri Mohar, Kakar, Wal, Ishq Pech, Badam Ishq Pech, Chaanp, Badam, Jaleyb, Chakki, Challo, Taweez Challo, Moti Juran, Hasho Taweez, Hasho Jo Asl, Hasho Selemee, Hasho Jo Bazar, Kharak & Riyal.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Block_printing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Block_printing.jpg/220px-Block_printing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Block_printing.jpg/330px-Block_printing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Block_printing.jpg/440px-Block_printing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3376" /></a><figcaption>Ajrak in making</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dyes">Dyes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Dyes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ajrak craft products are made with natural dyes. The entire production of the products includes both vegetable dyes and mineral dyes. Indigo is a key dye. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> </ul><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ajrak_Craft.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Ajrak_Craft.jpeg/400px-Ajrak_Craft.jpeg" decoding="async" width="400" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Ajrak_Craft.jpeg/600px-Ajrak_Craft.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Ajrak_Craft.jpeg/800px-Ajrak_Craft.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Ajrak double bed-sheet</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ajrak_blocks">Ajrak blocks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ajrak blocks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most commonly observed pattern in Ajrak blocks and hence the fabric is dots between two lines, these dots are of the same radius in almost all the designs. These dots were initially carved out by hands, however later on brass nails were used to fill spaces between the two walls. This aspect is crucial in determining the expertise of the artisan. </p><p>The Mughal era has a deep influence on these designs. The Muslims followed a sense of strong geometry in their patterns and most patterns were formed by the interaction of two or more circles. The Ajrakh blocks were designed taking inspiration from the Muslim architectural elements that form the 'Mizan' - balance and order. The grid system determined the repeat patterns. Abstract symmetric representations of surrounding elements and environment were used.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honour">Honour</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Honour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sindhi Ajrak, along with <a href="/wiki/Sindhi_topi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhi topi">Sindhi topi</a>, is bestowed upon the guests as an honour.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This serves two purposes. First, it makes the guest feel comfortable with the host. Secondly, it allows the guest to appreciate the Sindhi Culture. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_day_use">Modern day use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Modern day use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Person_wearing_Sindhi_ajrak.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Person_wearing_Sindhi_ajrak.jpg/220px-Person_wearing_Sindhi_ajrak.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Person_wearing_Sindhi_ajrak.jpg/330px-Person_wearing_Sindhi_ajrak.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Person_wearing_Sindhi_ajrak.jpg/440px-Person_wearing_Sindhi_ajrak.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1391" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption>American soldier wearing Ajrak</figcaption></figure> <p>Ajrak has now become increasingly popular amongst block print lovers. Post the earthquake, there has been an increase in the demand for Ajrak, moving its status from a local tribal caste dress to a catwalk worthy craft <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has led to a huge amount of funds and dedication from various brands being focused on innovation in the block print. Newer colours have been developed, along with new blocks, techniques etc.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ajrak has predominantly been a craft using natural dyes, making it inherently expensive. However, with the increase in demand for <a href="/wiki/Fast_fashion" title="Fast fashion">fast fashion</a> products and cheaper items, chemical dyes have been utilised in Ajrak products. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sajarak" title="Sajarak">Sajarak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagh_Print" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagh Print">Bagh Print</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Cultural_Day" title="Sindhi Cultural Day">Sindhi Cultural Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cap" title="Sindhi cap">Sindhi cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_clothing" title="Sindhi clothing">Sindhi clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagru_Print" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagru Print">Bagru Print</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Lungee_(cloth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhi Lungee (cloth)">Sindhi Lungee</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arabnews.com/news/487096">"Ajrak: A symbol of Sindhi culture and tradition"</a>. <i>Arab News</i>. 2013-12-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Arab+News&rft.atitle=Ajrak%3A+A+symbol+of+Sindhi+culture+and+tradition&rft.date=2013-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnews%2F487096&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAjrak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/the-art-of-ajrakh/article18514592.ece">"P. Krishna Gopinath on the Kutchi village where Ajrakh fabric is made - The Hindu"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=P.+Krishna+Gopinath+on+the+Kutchi+village+where+Ajrakh+fabric+is+made+-+The+Hindu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fsociety%2Fhistory-and-culture%2Fthe-art-of-ajrakh%2Farticle18514592.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAjrak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBilgrami2009" class="citation book cs1">Bilgrami, Noorjehan (March 20, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MiFBAAAAYAAJ&q=Rahila+Narejo"><i>Sindh Jo Ajrak</i></a>. Department of Culture and Tourism, Government of Sindh,1990. p. 177. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789698100001" title="Special:BookSources/9789698100001"><bdi>9789698100001</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sindh+Jo+Ajrak&rft.pages=177&rft.pub=Department+of+Culture+and+Tourism%2C+Government+of+Sindh%2C1990&rft.date=2009-03-20&rft.isbn=9789698100001&rft.aulast=Bilgrami&rft.aufirst=Noorjehan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMiFBAAAAYAAJ%26q%3DRahila%2BNarejo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAjrak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://strandofsilk.com/journey-map/rajasthan/ajrak-printing/history">"Unearth the History of Ajrak Printing"</a>. <i>Strand of Silk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Strand+of+Silk&rft.atitle=Unearth+the+History+of+Ajrak+Printing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstrandofsilk.com%2Fjourney-map%2Frajasthan%2Fajrak-printing%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAjrak" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNoorjehan_Bilgrami1998" class="citation book cs1">Noorjehan Bilgrami (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZpwfAAAACAAJ"><i>Sindh Jo Ajrak</i></a>. Orchid Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789748299105" title="Special:BookSources/9789748299105"><bdi>9789748299105</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sindh+Jo+Ajrak&rft.pub=Orchid+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9789748299105&rft.au=Noorjehan+Bilgrami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZpwfAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAjrak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGaatha.org" class="citation web cs1">Gaatha.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gaatha.org/igaatha/details_craft/States/Gujarat-craft-clusters/block-carving-pethapur">"Gaatha.org ~ Craft ~ Block Carving"</a>. <i>gaatha.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00404969.2016.1211436">10.1080/00404969.2016.1211436</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:193403002">193403002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Textile+History&rft.atitle=Ajrakh%3A+From+Caste+Dress+to+Catwalk&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E146-%3C%2Fspan%3E170&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00404969.2016.1211436&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A193403002%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Eiluned+Mair&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%2F00404969.2016.1211436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAjrak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEdwards2016" class="citation journal cs1">Edwards, Eiluned Mair (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2016.1211436">"Ajrakh: From Caste Dress to Catwalk"</a>. <i>Textile History</i>. <b>47</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">146–</span>170. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00404969.2016.1211436">10.1080/00404969.2016.1211436</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:193403002">193403002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Textile+History&rft.atitle=Ajrakh%3A+From+Caste+Dress+to+Catwalk&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E146-%3C%2Fspan%3E170&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00404969.2016.1211436&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A193403002%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Eiluned+Mair&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%2F00404969.2016.1211436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAjrak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajrak&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716031418/http://www.tufs.ac.jp/common/fs/asw/urd/lib/docs/urdu_020506a.doc">Ajrak Cloth from the Soil of Sindh by Noorjehan Bilgrami</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Sindh.svg/60px-Flag_of_Sindh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Administrative_units_of_Pakistan" title="Administrative units of Pakistan">Province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sindh" title="History of Sindh">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley Civilisation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mohenjo-daro" title="Mohenjo-daro">Mohenjo-daro</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhu_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhu kingdom">Sindhu kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rai_dynasty" title="Rai dynasty">Rai dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahir_of_Aror" title="Dahir of Aror">Brahman dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%27ab-ul-Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Ba'ab-ul-Islam">Muslim caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soomra_dynasty" title="Soomra dynasty">Soomra dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samma_dynasty" title="Samma dynasty">Samma dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalhora_dynasty" title="Kalhora dynasty">Kalhora dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talpur" title="Talpur">Talpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sind_Province_(1936%E2%80%931955)" title="Sind Province (1936–1955)">British period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cultural_heritage_sites_in_Sindh" title="List of cultural heritage sites in Sindh">Cultural heritage sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Sindh" title="Government of Sindh">Government</a> <br /> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Sindh" title="Category:Politics of Sindh">politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_Assembly_of_Sindh" title="Provincial Assembly of Sindh">Provincial Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Sindh" title="Chief Minister of Sindh">Chief Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Sindh" title="Governor of Sindh">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Archives" title="Sindh Archives">Sindh Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commissioners_and_governors_of_Sind_(British_India)" title="List of commissioners and governors of Sind (British India)">Commissioners of Sind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutto_family" title="Bhutto family">Bhutto family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Police" title="Sindh Police">Sindh Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_High_Court" title="Sindh High Court">Sindh High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Information_Department" title="Sindh Information Department">Sindh Information Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Coastal_Development_Authority" title="Sindh Coastal Development Authority">Sindh Coastal Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sindh" title="Economy of Sindh">Economy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sindh" title="Culture of Sindh">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_workies" title="Sindhi workies">Sindh workies</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ajrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cap" title="Sindhi cap">Sindhi cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Cultural_Day" title="Sindhi Cultural Day">Sindhi Cultural Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhis" title="Sindhis">Sindhis</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Sindhi_people" title="List of Sindhi people">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_diaspora" title="Sindhi diaspora">Sindhi diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_nationalism" title="Sindhi nationalism">Sindhi nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_language" title="Sindhi language">Sindhi language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_literature" title="Sindhi literature">Sindhi literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Adabi_Board" title="Sindhi Adabi Board">Sindhi Adabi Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhology" title="Sindhology">Sindhology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_poetry" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhi poetry">Sindhi poetry</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Sindhi-language_poets" title="List of Sindhi-language poets">Sindhi poets</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_folklore" title="Sindhi folklore">Sindhi folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_folk_tales" title="Sindhi folk tales">Sindhi folk tales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_bhagat" title="Sindhi bhagat">Sindhi bhagat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sassui_Punnhun" title="Sassui Punnhun">Sassui Punnhun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_music" title="Sindhi music">Sindhi music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cuisine" title="Sindhi cuisine">Sindhi cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cinema" title="Sindhi cinema">Sindhi cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sindhi-language_films" title="List of Sindhi-language films">List of Sindhi-language films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi-language_media" title="Sindhi-language media">Sindhi media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sindhi_tribes" title="Category:Sindhi tribes">Sindhi tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sindhi_Hindu_festivals" title="List of Sindhi Hindu festivals">List of Sindhi Hindu festivals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheti_Chand" title="Cheti Chand">Cheti Chand</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Sindh">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sindh_by_population" title="List of cities in Sindh by population">List of cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Pakistan#Sindh" title="Districts of Pakistan">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tehsils_of_Sindh" title="List of tehsils of Sindh">List of talukas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Sindh" title="Climate of Sindh">Climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Karachi" title="Climate of Karachi">Karachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Hyderabad,_Sindh" title="Climate of Hyderabad, Sindh">Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Nawabshah" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Nawabshah">Nawabshah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Sindh" title="Fauna of Sindh">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Places_of_historical_interest_in_Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Places of historical interest in Sindh">Historical places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makran" title="Makran">Makran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Karachi" title="Education in Karachi">Education in Karachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Sindhology" title="Institute of Sindhology">Institute of Sindhology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sindh" title="University of Sindh">UoS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Karachi" title="University of Karachi">UoK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Madressatul_Islam_University" title="Sindh Madressatul Islam University">SMIU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehran_University_of_Engineering_%26_Technology" title="Mehran University of Engineering & Technology">MUET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Sindh_Medical_University" title="Jinnah Sindh Medical University">JSMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaquat_University_of_Medical_%26_Health_Sciences" title="Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences">LUMHS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Agriculture_University" title="Sindh Agriculture University">SAU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Museum" title="Sindh Museum">Sindh Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_cricket_team" title="Sindh cricket team">Sindh cricket team</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Premier_League" title="Sindh Premier League">Domestic league</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malakhra" title="Malakhra">Malakhra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Flora & fauna</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Sindhi" title="Red Sindhi">Red Sindhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Sindhi media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi-language_media" title="Sindhi-language media">Sindhi-language media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Sindhi websites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Wikipedia" title="Sindhi Wikipedia">Sindhi Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Sindhiana" title="Encyclopedia Sindhiana">Encyclopedia Sindhiana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Sindh" title="Tourism in Sindh">Sindh tourism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Tourism_Development_Corporation" title="Sindh Tourism Development Corporation">Sindh Tourism Development Corporation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sindhi_nationalism377" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#990000; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sindhi_nationalism" title="Template:Sindhi nationalism"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sindhi_nationalism" title="Template talk:Sindhi nationalism"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sindhi_nationalism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sindhi nationalism"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sindhi_nationalism377" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_nationalism" title="Sindhi nationalism"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Sindhi nationalism</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#990000; color:white;"><div>Active since 1972</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Historical States of Sindh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhu_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhu kingdom">Sindhu kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sind_Province_(1936%E2%80%9355)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sind Province (1936–55)">Sind Province (1936–55)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sind_Division" title="Sind Division">Sind Division</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sindhi_Nationalist_flag_waving.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Sindhi_Nationalist_flag_waving.png/250px-Sindhi_Nationalist_flag_waving.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Sindhi_Nationalist_flag_waving.png/330px-Sindhi_Nationalist_flag_waving.png 2x" data-file-width="951" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Historic figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rai_dynasty#Rulers" title="Rai dynasty">Rai Diwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rai_dynasty#Rulers" title="Rai dynasty">Rai Sahiras (Shri Harsha)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rai_dynasty#Rulers" title="Rai dynasty">Rai Sahasi (Sinhasena)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rai_Sahiras_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Rai Sahiras II">Rai Sahiras II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rai_Sahasi_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Rai Sahasi II">Rai Sahasi II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chach_of_Aror" title="Chach of Aror">Chach of Aror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandar_of_Sindh" title="Chandar of Sindh">Chandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agham_Lohana" title="Agham Lohana">Agham Lohana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahir_of_Aror" title="Dahir of Aror">Dahir of Aror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam_Unar" title="Jam Unar">Jam Unar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam_Tamachi" title="Jam Tamachi">Jam Tamachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam_Raidhan" title="Jam Raidhan">Jam Raidhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam_Sanjar" title="Jam Sanjar">Jam Sanjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultans_of_Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultans of Sindh">Sultans of Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam_Nizamuddin_II" title="Jam Nizamuddin II">Jam Nizamuddin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam_Feroz" title="Jam Feroz">Jam Feroz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noor_Mohammad_Kalhoro" title="Noor Mohammad Kalhoro">Noor Mohammad Kalhoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mian_Ghulam_Shah_Kalhoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro">Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mian_Sarfraz_Kalhoro_(Khudayar_Khan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mian Sarfraz Kalhoro (Khudayar Khan)">Mian Sarfraz Kalhoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoshu_Sheedi" title="Hoshu Sheedi">Gernal Hosh Mohammad Sheedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibghatullah_Shah_Rashidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi">Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaidullah_Sindhi" title="Ubaidullah Sindhi">Molana Ubaidullah Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Shah_Ghazi" title="Abdullah Shah Ghazi">Abdullah Shah Ghazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Sher_Muhammad_Talpur" title="Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur">Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodo_Bin_Khafef_Soomro_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Dodo Bin Khafef Soomro III">Dodo Bin Khafef Soomro III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollah_Darya_Khan" title="Dollah Darya Khan">Dollah Darya Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Inayat_Shaheed" title="Shah Inayat Shaheed">Shah_Inayat_Shaheed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makhdoom_Bilawal" title="Makhdoom Bilawal">Makhdoom Bilawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Nasir_Khan_Talpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Mir Nasir Khan Talpur">Mir Nasir Khan Talpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Sher_Muhammad_Talpur" title="Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur">Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Modern figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G._M._Syed" title="G. M. Syed">G. M. Syed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasul_Bux_Palejo" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasul Bux Palejo">Rasul Bux Palejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Zulfikar Ali Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayaz_Latif_Palijo" title="Ayaz Latif Palijo">Ayaz Latif Palijo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyder_Bux_Jatoi" title="Hyder Bux Jatoi">Baba-e-Sindh Comrade Hyder Bux Jatoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashir_Qureshi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bashir Qureshi">Bashir Qureshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qadir_Magsi" title="Qadir Magsi">Qadir Magsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shafi_Muhammad_Burfat" title="Shafi Muhammad Burfat">Shafi Muhammad Burfat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Wahid_Aresar" title="Abdul Wahid Aresar">Abdul Wahid Aresar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzafar_Bhutto" title="Muzafar Bhutto">Muzafar Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajjad_Shar" title="Sajjad Shar">Sajjad Shar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumtaz_Bhutto" title="Mumtaz Bhutto">Mumtaz Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safdar_Sarki" title="Safdar Sarki">Safdar Sarki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarina_Baloch" title="Zarina Baloch">Zarina Baloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ibrahim_Joyo" title="Muhammad Ibrahim Joyo">Muhammad Ibrahim Joyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benazir_Bhutto" title="Benazir Bhutto">Benazir Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfiqar_Shah" title="Zulfiqar Shah">Zulfiqar Shah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sindh" title="Culture of Sindh">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhis" title="Sindhis">Sindhis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_language" title="Sindhi language">Sindhi language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Sindh" title="Culture of Sindh">Culture of Sindh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ajrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_cap" title="Sindhi cap">Sindhi cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Cultural_Day" title="Sindhi Cultural Day">Sindh Culture Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sindhi_tribes" title="Category:Sindhi tribes">Sindhi tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malakhra" title="Malakhra">Malakhra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sassui_Punnhun" title="Sassui Punnhun">Sassui Punnhun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhudesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhudesh">Sindhudesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Poets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Abdul_Latif_Bhittai" title="Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai">Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachal_Sarmast" title="Sachal Sarmast">Sachal Sarmast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajal_Bewas" title="Tajal Bewas">Tajal Bewas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaikh_Ayaz" title="Shaikh Ayaz">Shaikh Ayaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sami_(poet)" title="Sami (poet)">Sami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Contemporary<br />controversies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhudesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindhudesh">Sindhudesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalabagh_Dam" title="Kalabagh Dam">Kalabagh Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses_in_Sindh" title="Human rights abuses in Sindh">Human rights abuses in Sindh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Battles and<br />conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rasil" title="Battle of Rasil">Battle of Rasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debal" title="Debal">Debal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fatehpur_(1519)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Fatehpur (1519)">Battle of Fatehpur (1519)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hyderabad" title="Battle of Hyderabad">Battle of Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Miani" title="Battle of Miani">Battle of Miani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Halani" title="Battle of Halani">Battle of Halani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kachhi" title="Battle of Kachhi">Battle of Kachhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Sindh" title="Insurgency in Sindh">Insurgency in Sindh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Political parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awami_Tahreek" title="Awami Tahreek">Awami Tahreek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeay_Sindh_Muttahida_Mahaz" title="Jeay Sindh Muttahida Mahaz">Jeay Sindh Muttahida Mahaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeay_Sindh_Qaumi_Mahaz" title="Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz">Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Taraqi_Pasand_Party" title="Sindh Taraqi Pasand Party">Sindh Taraqi Pasand Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_United_Party" title="Sindh United Party">Sindh United Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Hari_Committee" title="Sindh Hari Committee">Sindh Hari Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Student organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeay_Sindh_Students%27_Federation" title="Jeay Sindh Students' Federation">Jeay Sindh Students' Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Militant Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sindhudesh_Liberation_Army" title="Sindhudesh Liberation Army">Sindhudesh Liberation Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#990000; color:white;;width:1%">Non profit organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Sindhi_Congress" title="World Sindhi Congress">World Sindhi Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Sindhi_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="World Sindhi Institute">World Sindhi Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pakistani_clothing163" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pakistani_clothing" title="Template:Pakistani clothing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pakistani_clothing" title="Template talk:Pakistani clothing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pakistani_clothing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pakistani clothing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pakistani_clothing163" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Pakistani clothing</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clothes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalat" title="Khalat">Khalat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khetpartug" title="Khetpartug">Khetpartug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalwar_kameez" title="Shalwar kameez">Shalwar kameez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraiki_shalwar_suits" title="Saraiki shalwar suits">Saraiki Shalwar kameez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherwani" title="Sherwani">Sherwani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Headgear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bughti" class="mw-redirect" title="Bughti">Bughti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khoyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khoyi (page does not exist)">Khoyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakol" title="Pakol">Pakol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumelli (page does not exist)">Rumelli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saaluk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saaluk (page does not exist)">Saaluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuktay" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuktay">Tuktay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turban" title="Turban">Dastar (Pagri)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shawls</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ajrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajarak" title="Sajarak">Sajarak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Stitching<br />and design</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_needlework" title="Balochi needlework">Balochi needlework</a></li> <li>Embroidery of Pakistan</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Footwear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multani_Khussa" class="mw-redirect" title="Multani Khussa">Multani Khussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshawari_Chappal" class="mw-redirect" title="Peshawari Chappal">Peshawari Chappal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quettani_Norozi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quettani Norozi (page does not exist)">Quettani Norozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_Mojari" title="Sindhi Mojari">Sindhi Mojari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By ethnicity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_clothing" title="Balochi clothing">Baloch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gilgiti_clothing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gilgiti clothing (page does not exist)">Gilgiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtun_clothing" title="Pashtun clothing">Pashtun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_clothing" title="Punjabi clothing">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_clothing" title="Sindhi clothing">Sindhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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