【懶人包】「拖」不完的脫歐：三年半、三任英國首相，終點卻仍遙遙無期

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url(/assets/images/tldr/brexit/1080_j4govizmvbn66dpxwfwufpn6flptza.jpg)" class="img-box"> <div class="photo-credit"> Photo Credit：Reuters/達志影像 </div> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="title"> 2016年6月23日：公投，起點 </h2> <p> 英國首相卡麥隆為兌現選舉承諾舉行脫歐公投，時任倫敦市長的強森開著「紅色大巴」以「脫歐一年可省3.5億用在健保」號召支持脫歐，發起脫歐公投的卡麥隆，反倒支持留歐。公投結果，贊成脫歐者以52%比48%勝出，隔天卡麥隆也宣布辭去首相一職。 </p> </div> </div> <div class="each-card"> <div style="background-image: url(/assets/images/tldr/brexit/1080_9vx51d8u2u722o4jocotjhlvgsdgv4.jpg)" class="img-box"> <div class="photo-credit"> Photo Credit: Reuters/達志影像 </div> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="title"> 2017年3月29日：程序，啟動 </h2> <p> 歷經一連串選舉後，新任黨魁選舉後由梅伊當選，成為英國歷史上第二位女性首相，她也在上任的9個月後宣布啟動稱為「Article 50」的脫歐程序，開始一系列的談判，並將脫歐日訂為兩年後的2019年3月29日。 </p> </div> </div> <div class="each-card"> <div style="background-image: url(/assets/images/tldr/brexit/1080_xidz3nrbg91xk6wvb7wrv3ks7azu6h.jpg)" class="img-box"> <div class="photo-credit"> Photo Credit: Reuters/達志影像 </div> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="title"> 2017年6月8日：讓一切開始走鐘的「大選」 </h2> <p> 梅伊認為保守黨當時國會席次不夠穩定，加上部分人士批評「未經大選無法代表全英國人」，而舉行大選。然而這一測風向失準，選後保守黨反而多輸13席，失去國會過半的優勢，被迫要和立場極端激進的北愛爾蘭小黨DUP共組聯合內閣，反而失去政治的主導權。 </p> </div> </div> <div class="each-card"> <div style="background-image: url(/assets/images/tldr/brexit/1080_ew0ag30hz159slvlt1nf83eslnqpvu.jpg)" class="img-box"> <div class="photo-credit"> Photo Credit: Reuters/達志影像 </div> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="title"> 2019年1月到3月：有「驚」沒有「喜」的梅伊版脫歐協議 </h2> <p> 梅伊政府與歐盟談判的過程一直未揭露細節，直到2018年11月底才將結果如「驚喜」般呈現，但反脫歐派認為該案無法執行，硬脫歐派則認為北愛爾蘭邊界問題的處理，會讓英國繼續被歐洲綁架，是假脫歐，這使2019年三次國會表決，「梅伊版」全部闖關失敗。 </p> </div> </div> <div class="each-card"> <div style="background-image: url(/assets/images/tldr/brexit/1080_o67wqear78joykx7433q4szpxw2y9j.jpg)" class="img-box"> <div class="photo-credit"> Photo Credit: Reuters/達志影像 </div> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="title"> 2019年3月到4月：延期再延期的分手大限 </h2> <p> 英國國會仍無法在原訂的期限內達成共識，梅伊只好兩次向歐盟提出延期，新的大限改至2019年10月31日。曾經說過「我會看著脫歐在任內完成」的梅伊也禁不住各方壓力，在7月7日辭去首相，後由強森接任黨魁，成為脫歐公投後的第三位英國首相。 </p> </div> </div> <div class="each-card"> <div style="background-image: url(/assets/images/tldr/brexit/1080_p27txgedi9s1lon639xi4ouwztlaqs.jpg)" class="img-box"> <div class="photo-credit"> Photo Credit: Reuters/達志影像 </div> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="title"> 2019年10月19日：強森版本再度闖關失敗 </h2> <p> 爭議連連的強森在萬聖節大限之際，突然宣布與歐盟談成新脫歐方案，將梅伊版爭議最大的北愛邊境問題，以看似可行但更加複雜的「特別關稅區」處理。然而這個「一國兩制」的方案細節仍未明朗，國會要求「先談判細項才考慮支持」，並要求強森延後脫歐大限。 </p> </div> </div> <div class="each-card"> <div style="background-image: url(/assets/images/tldr/brexit/1080_iod9bnfkap37omkketjccctpvtdh0l.jpg)" class="img-box"> <div class="photo-credit"> Photo Credit: Reuters/達志影像 </div> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="title"> 2019年10月29日：再次延期，再次大選 </h2> <p> 雖然強森說過「寧可死在陰溝也不延長脫歐」，仍受國會壓力不情願的向歐盟遞出延期要求，將脫歐大限三度延長至2020年1月31日，隔天，國會通過強森提出的大選要求，定選舉日為2019年12月12日，許多人預測，選後國會可能仍無政黨能過半數。 </p> </div> </div> <div class="each-card"> <div style="background-image: url(/assets/images/tldr/brexit/1080_qgv8cp2cen4k3186qwgyrl3ah9v1c2.jpg)" class="img-box"> <div class="photo-credit"> Photo Credit：Reuters/達志影像 </div> </div> <div class="description"> <h2 class="title"> 英國「拖」歐的下一步，仍未明朗 </h2> <p> 因為政治利益而起的脫歐，影響最大的其實是一般英國民眾生活，但從談判到國家領導人上下位的過程，卻總是充滿了各方的政治考量和角力。一個脫歐讓英國爭吵3年半、歷經3任首相（更可能將迎來第4位），最後，英鎊和脫歐前相比貶值了20%，卻還找不出解方。 </p> </div> </div>  <div class="each-card related-card"> <h3 class="title"> 延伸閱讀 </h3> <div class="hot-container"> <article itemprop="articleBody"><div class="hot-box"> <ul> <li> <div class="hot-article"> <header><h2 class="title"> <a href="/feature/2016brexit/42955" title="英國脫歐「關我什麼事」？讓我說個充滿愛與勇氣的故事給你聽" target="_blank"> 英國脫歐「關我什麼事」？讓我說個充滿愛與勇氣的故事給你聽 </a> </h2> </header> </div> <div class="hot-rank"><span class="icon"> 1 • </span></div> </li> <li> <div class="hot-article"> <header><h2 class="title"> <a href="/feature/projectsyndicate/122155" title="作為世界貿易強權，英國卻要因強森的謊言而離開歐盟" target="_blank"> 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【懶人包】「拖」不完的脫歐：三年半、三任英國首相，終點卻仍遙遙無期 - TNL The News Lens 關鍵評論網