CINXE.COM
Numerical and Geometrical Analysis of the Onshore Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy with a Ramp | Scientific.Net
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.scientific.net/DDF.412.11" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Numerical and Geometrical Analysis of the Onshore Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy with a Ramp | Scientific.Net" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.scientific.net/DDF.412.11" /> <meta property="og:image" content="/Content/app/scinet5/images/metadata_logo.png" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="261" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="260" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Scientific.Net Logo" /> <meta name="citation_language" content="en" /> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Trans Tech Publications Ltd" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Numerical and Geometrical Analysis of the Onshore Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy with a Ramp" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2021" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2021/11/12" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Defect and Diffusion Forum" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1662-9507" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="412" /> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="11" /> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="26" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://www.scientific.net/DDF.412.11.pdf" /> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://www.scientific.net/DDF.412.11" /> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Constructal Design;Oscillating Water Column;Ramp;Volume of Fluid" /> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.412.11" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Marla Rodrigues Oliveira" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Elizaldo Domingues dos Santos" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Liércio André Isoldi" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Mateus das Neves Gomes" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency). (2020). Climate Change and Nuclear Power 2020. https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/PUB1911_web.pdf. Accessed 14 April (2021)." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Analysis of Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption and Environmental Impacts in European Countries; citation_author=Florinda Martins; citation_author=Carlos Felgueiras; citation_author=Miroslava Smitkova; citation_author=Nídia Caetano; citation_volume=12; citation_issue=6; citation_publication_date=2019/3/13; citation_pages=964; citation_doi=10.3390/en12060964" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Energy resources of the 21st century: problems and forecasts. Can renewable energy sources replace fossil fuels?; citation_author=V S Arutyunov; citation_author=G V Lisichkin; citation_volume=86; citation_issue=8; citation_publication_date=2017/8/24; citation_pages=777-804; citation_doi=10.1070/rcr4723" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=A review of wave energy converter technology; citation_author=B Drew; citation_author=A R Plummer; citation_author=M N Sahinkaya; citation_volume=223; citation_issue=8; citation_publication_date=2016/8/5; citation_pages=887-902; citation_doi=10.1243/09576509jpe782" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Efficiency of OWC wave energy converters: A virtual laboratory; citation_author=I. López; citation_author=G. Iglesias; citation_volume=44; citation_publication_date=2014/1; citation_pages=63-70; citation_doi=10.1016/j.apor.2013.11.001" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Horko, M. (2007). CFD optimisation of an oscillating water column wave energy converter (Master's thesis). The university of Western Australia." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Contribution to the Geometry Optimization of an Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter; citation_author=B. Bouali; citation_author=S. Larbi; citation_volume=36; citation_publication_date=2013; citation_pages=565-573; citation_doi=10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.065" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Comparison between a U-OWC and a conventional OWC; citation_author=Paolo Boccotti; citation_volume=34; citation_issue=5-6; citation_publication_date=2007/4; citation_pages=799-805; citation_doi=10.1016/j.oceaneng.2006.04.005" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Numerical Investigation on Hydrodynamic Performance of an OWC Wave Energy Device in the Stepped Bottom; citation_author=De-Zhi Ning; citation_author=Song Ke; citation_author=Robert Mayon; citation_author=Chongwei Zhang; citation_volume=7; citation_publication_date=2019/12/20; citation_doi=10.3389/fenrg.2019.00152" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Sequential optimization of the geometrical parameters of an OWC device based on the specific wave characteristics; citation_author=Mohammad Hayati; citation_author=Amir H. Nikseresht; citation_author=Ali Taherian Haghighi; citation_volume=161; citation_publication_date=2020/12; citation_pages=386-394; citation_doi=10.1016/j.renene.2020.07.073" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Geometrical investigation of a U-shaped oscillating water column wave energy device; citation_author=De-zhi Ning; citation_author=Bao-ming Guo; citation_author=Rong-quan Wang; citation_author=Thomas Vyzikas; citation_author=Deborah Greaves; citation_volume=97; citation_publication_date=2020/4; citation_pages=102105; citation_doi=10.1016/j.apor.2020.102105" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Numerical simulation of an oscillating water column device using a code based on Navier–Stokes equations; citation_author=Paulo R.F. Teixeira; citation_author=Djavan P. Davyt; citation_author=Eric Didier; citation_author=Rubén Ramalhais; citation_volume=61; citation_publication_date=2013/11; citation_pages=513-530; citation_doi=10.1016/j.energy.2013.08.062" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Numerical analysis of the performance of two onshore oscillating water column wave energy converters at different chamber wall slopes; citation_author=Lucas A. Gaspar; citation_author=Paulo R.F. Teixeira; citation_author=Eric Didier; citation_volume=201; citation_publication_date=2020/4; citation_pages=107119; citation_doi=10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107119" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Hydrodynamic performance of an offshore-stationary OWC device with a horizontal bottom plate: Experimental and numerical study; citation_author=Zhengzhi Deng; citation_author=Chen Wang; citation_author=Peng Wang; citation_author=Pablo Higuera; citation_author=Ruoqian Wang; citation_volume=187; citation_publication_date=2019/11; citation_pages=115941; citation_doi=10.1016/j.energy.2019.115941" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Constructal-theory network of conducting paths for cooling a heat generating volume; citation_author=Adrian Bejan; citation_volume=40; citation_issue=4; citation_publication_date=1997/3; citation_pages=799-816; citation_doi=10.1016/0017-9310(96)00175-5" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Bejan, A., & Zane, J. P. (2012). Design in Nature. ASME, 134(06), 42–47. https://doi.org/ 10.1115/1.2012-JUN-4." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Bejan, A. (2000). Shape and Structure: From Engineering to Nature. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Rocha, L., Sylvie, L., & Bejan, A. (2012). Constructal Law and the Unifying Principle of Design (2013th ed.). Springer." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Analysis of the Geometric Constraints Employed in Constructal Design for Oscillating Water Column Devices Submitted to the Wave Spectrum through a Numerical Approach; citation_author=Mateus das Neves Gomes; citation_author=Matheus José de Deus; citation_author=Elizaldo Domingues dos Santos; citation_author=Liércio André Isoldi; citation_volume=390; citation_publication_date=2019/1; citation_pages=193-210; citation_doi=10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.390.193" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Constructal Design Applied to the Geometric Evaluation of an Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter Considering Different Real Scale Wave Periods; citation_author=M. das N. Gomes; citation_author=G. Lorenzini; citation_author=L. A. O. Rocha; citation_author=E. D. dos Santos; citation_author=L. A. Isoldi; citation_volume=27; citation_issue=2; citation_publication_date=2018/5/24; citation_pages=173-190; citation_doi=10.1134/s1810232818020042" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=AVALIAÇÃO GEOMÉTRICA DA CÂMARA DE UM DISPOSITIVO DE CONVERSÃO DE ENERGIA DAS ONDAS DO TIPO OWC PARA DIFERENTES COMPRIMENTOS DA BORDA FRONTAL; citation_author=Max Letzow; citation_author=Felipe Vilela Levien; citation_author=Rafael Dos Passos Pons; citation_author=Mateus Das Neves Gomes; citation_author=Jeferson Avila Souza; citation_author=Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha; citation_author=Liércio André Isoldi; citation_author=Elizaldo Domingues Dos Santos; citation_volume=6; citation_issue=3; citation_publication_date=2017/6/2; citation_doi=10.5380/rber.v6i3.52992" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Numerical Analysis of the Influence of Geometry on a Large Scale Onshore Oscillating Water Column Device with Associated Seabed Ramp; citation_author=Max Letzow; citation_author=Giulio Lorenzini; citation_author=Dante Vinícius Eloy Barbosa; citation_author=Ricardo Gabriel Hübner; citation_author=Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha; citation_author=Mateus das Neves Gomes; citation_author=Liércio André Isoldi; citation_author=Elizaldo Domingues dos Santos; citation_volume=15; citation_issue=6; citation_publication_date=2020/12/26; citation_pages=873-884; citation_doi=10.18280/ijdne.150613" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Wave energy utilization: A review of the technologies; citation_author=António F. de O. Falcão; citation_volume=14; citation_issue=3; citation_publication_date=2010/4; citation_pages=899-918; citation_doi=10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.003" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Dean, R. G., & Dalrymple, R. A. (1991). Water wave mechanics for engineers and scientists (Vol. 2). Singapura: World Scientific. https://doi.org/10.1142/1232." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Barreiro, T. G. (2009). Estudo da interação de uma onda monocromática com um conversor de energia (Master's thesis). Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Modelagem computacional de um conversor de energia das ondas em energia elétrica do tipo Coluna de Água Oscilante (CAO) considerando dados de estado do mar; citation_author=Sersana Sabedra De Oliveira; citation_author=Phelype Haron Oleinik; citation_author=Mateus das Neves Gomes; citation_author=Elizaldo Domingues Dos Santos; citation_author=Jeferson Avila Souza; citation_author=Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha; citation_author=Wilian Correa Marques; citation_author=Liércio André Isoldi; citation_volume=13; citation_issue=4; citation_publication_date=2017/7/26; citation_doi=10.14808/sci.plena.2017.049915" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Volume of fluid (VOF) method for the dynamics of free boundaries; citation_author=C.W Hirt; citation_author=B.D Nichols; citation_volume=39; citation_issue=1; citation_publication_date=1981/1; citation_pages=201-225; citation_doi=10.1016/0021-9991(81)90145-5" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Optimization of the geometry and the turbine induced damping for fixed detached and asymmetric OWC devices: A numerical study; citation_author=I. Simonetti; citation_author=L. Cappietti; citation_author=H. Elsafti; citation_author=H. Oumeraci; citation_volume=139; citation_publication_date=2017/11; citation_pages=1197-1209; citation_doi=10.1016/j.energy.2017.08.033" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="SCHLICHTING, H. (1979). Boundary Layer Theory (7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=3D unsteady flow simulation in an OWC wave converter plant; citation_author=A. El Marjani; citation_author=F. Castro; citation_author=M. Bahaji; citation_author=B. Filali; citation_volume=1; citation_issue=04; citation_publication_date=2006/4; citation_pages=350-355; citation_doi=10.24084/repqj04.452" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_title=Modeling and optimization of the chamber of OWC system; citation_author=Nader Dizadji; citation_author=Seyed Ehsan Sajadian; citation_volume=36; citation_issue=5; citation_publication_date=2011/5; citation_pages=2360-2366; citation_doi=10.1016/j.energy.2011.01.010" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Ferziger, J. H., & Peric, M. (1996). Computacional Methods for Fluid Dynamics (1st ed.). Berlim: Springer." /> <meta name="person" content="Marla Rodrigues Oliveira, Elizaldo Domingues dos Santos, Liércio André Isoldi, Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha, Mateus das Neves Gomes" /> <meta name="description" content="This study is about a two-dimensional numerical analysis of the influence of a ramp in front on an oscillating water column wave energy converter (OWC-WEC). The main purpose was to evaluate, numerically and geometrically, the effect of using a ramp variation in relation to the frontal wall on the hydropneumatic power of the OWC-WEC. The constructal design method was applied for geometric analysis. The problem had a geometric constraint: the area of the ramp (A2) and two degrees of freedom: H2 / L2 (ratio of the height and length of the ramp) and L4 (the distance of the ramp concerning the OWC-WEC front wall). In numerical simulations, the equations of conservation of mass, momentum, and an equation for the transport of volumetric fraction were solved using the finite volume method (FVM). The multiphase model volume of fluid (VOF) was applied for the air-water interaction. Thus, the increase in the H2/L2 ratio resulted in a decrease of the root mean square (RMS) of the available hydropneumatic power (Phyd). By varying the distance L4, the better case was = 6 m and / = 0.025 and the worst case was = 1 m and / = 0.2. The relative difference between the better RMS Phyd = 150.7957 W and the worst Phyd = 73.1164 W reached up to a hundred and six percent." /> <meta name="keywords" content="Constructal Design, Oscillating Water Column, Ramp, Volume of Fluid" /> <meta name="copyright" content="2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved" /> <title>Numerical and Geometrical Analysis of the Onshore Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy with a Ramp | Scientific.Net</title> <link href="/Content/app/scinet5/images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /> <link href="/Content/public.min.css?v=BKBihgCkUm340JBGsNjEPtWz8I22CUsubMPC3V1WYzw" rel="stylesheet" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.gstatic.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com"> <link rel="icon" href="/Content/app/scinet5/images/favicon.ico"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/Content/app/scinet5/images/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans+Condensed:300,700%7COpen+Sans:300i,400,400i,600,600i,700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- HTML5 shim support of HTML5 elements and media queries --> <!--[if lte IE 9]> <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-T3VDKWV');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> </head> <body> <noscript> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-T3VDKWV" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <div class="sc-content-container"> <div class="sc-content"> <div class="header-menu-container"> <div class="identity-menu-container header-menu-container-not-logged-in"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <ul class="role-menu"> <li class="user-menu between normal-user-menu"> <div class="hdivider-100"></div> <div class="cart-info"> <a href="https://main.scientific.net/Payment/Cart"> <i class="inline-icon cart-icon-white"></i> <span id="cartInfoTotalItemsCount"></span> </a> </div> <div class="user-menu-login-or-register"> <a href="https://main.scientific.net/Account/Registration?ReturnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientific.net%2FDDF.412.11" rel="nofollow"> Registration </a> <a href="https://main.scientific.net/Account/Login?ReturnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientific.net%2FDDF.412.11" rel="nofollow"> Log In </a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="block-header"> <div class="logo-block"> <a href="/" class="application-logo inline-icon logo-icon"></a> <div class="burger-menu-button visible-xs"> <div class="hamburger-box"> <div class="hamburger-inner"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="menu-and-search-block"> <div class="burger-menu"> <nav class="burger-menu-items"> <div class="public-menu"> <ul> <li><a href="/ForLibraries">For Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/ForPublication/Paper">For Publication</a></li> <li><a href="/open-access-partners">Open Access</a></li> <li><a href="/DocuCenter">Downloads</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/AboutUs">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Contacts">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="header-menu-top"> <div class="header-menu-list"> <a href="/ForLibraries">For Libraries</a> <a href="/ForPublication/Paper">For Publication</a> <a href="/open-access-partners">Open Access</a> <a href="/DocuCenter">Downloads</a> <a href="/Home/AboutUs">About Us</a> <a href="/Home/Contacts">Contact Us</a> </div> </div> <div class="search-block"> <input class="search-control" type="search" placeholder="Search" data-url="/Search"> <button class="button button-95 button-grey search-btn button-simple"> <span class="hidden-xs">Search</span> <i class="inline-icon search-icon-grey visible-xs"></i> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="banner-new"></div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row content-container"> <div class="left-content col-md-4 col-sm-5"> <div class="left-content-first-line icon-container mobile-collapse-button"> <div class="page-name-block underline-begin sibling-name-block"> <div class="page-name-block-text"> Paper Titles <a class="left-content-expand-button"><i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-hover-icon on-focus-arrow-down-black"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row mobile-collapse-content"> <a href="/DDF.412.-7" class="normal-large-text icon-container"> <div class="element-list"> <div class="element-list-text"> Preface </div> <div class="element-list-arrow"> <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-focus-icon on-hover-arrow-left-red"></i> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/DDF.412.3" class="normal-large-text icon-container"> <div class="element-list"> <div class="element-list-text"> Solar Light Bulbs: Effect of the Volume and Shape of the Pet Bottles on the Luminous Flux <br /> <span class="paper-volume-number">p.3</span> </div> <div class="element-list-arrow"> <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-focus-icon on-hover-arrow-left-red"></i> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/DDF.412.11" class="normal-large-text icon-container active-element active"> <div class="element-list"> <div class="element-list-text"> Numerical and Geometrical Analysis of the Onshore Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy with a Ramp <br /> <span class="paper-volume-number">p.11</span> </div> <div class="element-list-arrow"> <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-focus-icon on-hover-arrow-left-red"></i> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/DDF.412.27" class="normal-large-text icon-container"> <div class="element-list"> <div class="element-list-text"> Numerical Research of a Solar Driven Bubble Pump for Diffusion Absorption Refrigeration Systems <br /> <span class="paper-volume-number">p.27</span> </div> <div class="element-list-arrow"> <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-focus-icon on-hover-arrow-left-red"></i> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/DDF.412.39" class="normal-large-text icon-container"> <div class="element-list"> <div class="element-list-text"> Heat Dissipation by Streams of Bifurcated Tubes <br /> <span class="paper-volume-number">p.39</span> </div> <div class="element-list-arrow"> <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-focus-icon on-hover-arrow-left-red"></i> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/DDF.412.49" class="normal-large-text icon-container"> <div class="element-list"> <div class="element-list-text"> Evaluation of Secondary Flow between Rotating Concentric Spheres Using a Perturbation Method <br /> <span class="paper-volume-number">p.49</span> </div> <div class="element-list-arrow"> <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-focus-icon on-hover-arrow-left-red"></i> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/DDF.412.73" class="normal-large-text icon-container"> <div class="element-list"> <div class="element-list-text"> Simulation of Multi-Gas Jet Flows by Use of Quasi Gas Dynamic Equation System <br /> <span class="paper-volume-number">p.73</span> </div> <div class="element-list-arrow"> <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-focus-icon on-hover-arrow-left-red"></i> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/DDF.412.83" class="normal-large-text icon-container"> <div class="element-list"> <div class="element-list-text"> Application of the Complex Variable Step Method and the Boundary Element Method for Sensitivity Analysis of Steady Heat Conduction Problems <br /> <span class="paper-volume-number">p.83</span> </div> <div class="element-list-arrow"> <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-focus-icon on-hover-arrow-left-red"></i> </div> </div> </a> <a href="/DDF.412.99" class="normal-large-text icon-container"> <div class="element-list"> <div class="element-list-text"> Thermal and Environmental Benefits of 3D Printing on Building Construction <br /> <span class="paper-volume-number">p.99</span> </div> <div class="element-list-arrow"> <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black no-focus-icon on-hover-arrow-left-red"></i> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="right-content col-md-8 col-sm-7 col-xs-12 paper-title-main-page"> <div class="bread-crumbs hidden-xs"> <a class="bread-crumbs-first" href="/">Home</a><i class="inline-icon arrow-breadcrumbs"></i><a class="bread-crumbs-first" href="/DDF">Defect and Diffusion Forum</a><i class="inline-icon arrow-breadcrumbs"></i><a class="bread-crumbs-first" href="/DDF.412">Defect and Diffusion Forum Vol. 412</a><i class="inline-icon arrow-breadcrumbs"></i><span class="bread-crumbs-second">Numerical and Geometrical Analysis of the Onshore...</span></div> <div class="page-name-block underline-begin"> <h1 class="page-name-block-text">Numerical and Geometrical Analysis of the Onshore Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy with a Ramp</h1> </div> <div class="paper-statistics"> <div class="loading"> <i class="inline-icon download-and-visitor-statistics-icon"></i> <span class="normal-text" id="paperDownloadsAndVisitorsCount"></span> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="page-paper-title"> <div class="preview-block"> <img alt="Article Preview" width="128" height="180" src="/DDF.412.11/thumbnail.gif"> <div id="preview-button" data-url-preview-log="/Paper/PreviewImageLog?paperId=583590"> <i class="inline-icon preview-icon"></i> </div> <!--Modal window for article preview--> <div id="paper-preview-modal" class="modal fade"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="popup-page-name underline-begin"> <div class="page-name-block-text">Article Preview</div> </div> <img alt="Article Preview" class="preview-image lazyload" data-src="/DDF.412.11/preview.gif"> <a data-dismiss="modal" title="Close" class="inline-icon close-icon"></a> </div> </div> <!--End modal--> </div> <div class="abstract-block-description"> <h3 class="page-paper-first-header">Abstract:</h3> <p class="normal-text"> This study is about a two-dimensional numerical analysis of the influence of a ramp in front on an oscillating water column wave energy converter (OWC-WEC). The main purpose was to evaluate, numerically and geometrically, the effect of using a ramp variation in relation to the frontal wall on the hydropneumatic power of the OWC-WEC. The constructal design method was applied for geometric analysis. The problem had a geometric constraint: the area of the ramp (<i>A</i><sub>2</sub>) and two degrees of freedom: <i>H</i><sub>2</sub> / <i>L</i><sub>2</sub> (ratio of the height and length of the ramp) and <i>L</i><sub>4 </sub>(the distance of the ramp concerning the OWC-WEC front wall). In numerical simulations, the equations of conservation of mass, momentum, and an equation for the transport of volumetric fraction were solved using the finite volume method (FVM). The multiphase model volume of fluid (VOF) was applied for the air-water interaction. Thus, the increase in the <i>H</i><sub>2</sub>/<i>L</i><sub>2 </sub>ratio resulted in a decrease of the root mean square (RMS) of the available hydropneumatic power (<i>P</i><sub>hyd</sub>). By varying the distance <i>L</i><sub>4</sub>, the better case was = 6 m and / = 0.025 and the worst case was = 1 m and / = 0.2. The relative difference between the better RMS <i>P</i><sub>hyd</sub> = 150.7957 W and the worst <i>P</i><sub>hyd</sub> = 73.1164 W reached up to a hundred and six percent. </p> </div> <div class="paper-access-buttons col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="sa-button-wrap"> <a id="sa-button" class="wayfinder-login d-flex sa-button" href="javascript:;"> <div class="sa-button-logo-wrap"> <i class="inline-icon sa-white"></i> </div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center sa-button-text text-truncate"> <div class="sa-button-text-primary text-truncate">Access through your institution</div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="title-button-pdf"> <button id="readPaperButton" data-url-read-paper-log="/Paper/ReadThePaperLog?paperId=583590" class="button button-160"> <span class="inline-element">Read The Paper</span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="row"> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="connected-title-container"> <div class="connected-title-text semibold-middle-text">You might also be interested in these eBooks</div> <div class="connected-title-list-container"> <div class="connected-title-list-item"> <a href="/book/transfer-phenomena-in-fluid-and-heat-flows-xiii/978-3-0357-2873-6" title="Transfer Phenomena in Fluid and Heat Flows XIII"> <img class="ls-is-cached lazyloaded" src="/Image/TitleCover/6426?width=190" alt="Transfer Phenomena in Fluid and Heat Flows XIII" /> </a> <a id="downloadPdfButton" href="/book/transfer-phenomena-in-fluid-and-heat-flows-xiii/978-3-0357-2873-6/ebook" class="button"> <span>View Preview</span> <i class="inline-icon book-icon-white small-icon button-icon-right"></i> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info-title"> <h2>Info:</h2> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="papers-block-info-list"> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Periodical:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <a href="/DDF">Defect and Diffusion Forum</a> <span>(Volume 412)</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Pages:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p>11-26</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>DOI:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.412.11">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.412.11</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Citation:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a id="paperCitationsButton" href="#">Cite this paper</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Online since:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p>November 2021</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Authors:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <a href="/author-papers/marla-rodrigues-oliveira">Marla Rodrigues Oliveira</a>, <a href="/author-papers/elizaldo-domingues-dos-santos">Elizaldo Domingues dos Santos</a>, <a href="/author-papers/liércio-andré-isoldi">Liércio André Isoldi</a>, <a href="/author-papers/luiz-alberto-oliveira-rocha-1">Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha</a>, <a class="inline-icon mail-icon-red author-send-message" href="#" data-url="/Paper/_Message?paperId=583590&personId=1160613&urlSent=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientific.net%2FDDF.412.11" title="Send message to Corresponding Author"> </a> <a href="/author-papers/mateus-das-neves-gomes">Mateus das Neves Gomes</a>* </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Keywords:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <a href="/paper-keyword/constructal-design">Constructal Design</a>, <a href="/paper-keyword/oscillating-water-column">Oscillating Water Column</a>, <a href="/paper-keyword/ramp">Ramp</a>, <a href="/paper-keyword/volume-of-fluid">Volume of Fluid</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Export:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <a href="/DDF.412.11.ris">RIS</a>, <a href="/DDF.412.11.bib">BibTeX</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Price:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p id="paper-price-info"></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Permissions:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p> <i class="inline-icon icon-permission"></i> <a href="https://marketplace.copyright.com/rs-ui-web/mp/search/article/10.4028%2Fwww.scientific.net%2FDDF.412.11" target="_blank"> Request Permissions </a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Сopyright:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p> © 2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Share:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content share-icons semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <!-- AddToAny BEGIN --> <div id="" class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 a2a_default_style"> <a class="a2a_button_linkedin"></a> <a class="a2a_button_mendeley"></a> <a class="a2a_button_email"></a> <a class="a2a_button_x"></a> <a class="a2a_button_twitter"></a> <a class="a2a_button_whatsapp"></a> <a class="a2a_button_microsoft_teams"></a> <a class="a2a_button_skype"></a> <a class="a2a_button_outlook_com"></a> <a class="a2a_dd" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a> </div> <script async src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js"></script> <!-- AddToAny END --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Citation:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <div class="scite-badge" data-doi="10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.412.11" data-layout="horizontal" data-show-zero="true" data-small="false" data-show-labels="false" data-tally-show="true"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="block-corresponding-buttons col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="block-corresponding normal-text-gray col-md-4 col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <p><span>*</span> - Corresponding Author</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="related-article reference-collapse col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="view"> <div class="panel-group" id="references-panel"> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"> <a class="panel-title bold-large-text icon-container" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#references-panel" href="#reference-panel-element"> References <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black"></i> </a> </div> <div id="reference-panel-element" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <div class="panel-body"> <div class="references-block"> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[1]</span> IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency). (2020). Climate Change and Nuclear Power 2020. https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/PUB1911_web.pdf. Accessed 14 April (2021). </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=IAEA%20%28International%20Atomic%20Energy%20Agency%29.%20%282020%29.%20Climate%20Change%20and%20Nuclear%20Power%202020.%20https%3A%2F%2Fwww-pub.iaea.org%2FMTCD%2FPublications%2FPDF%2FPUB1911_web.pdf.%20Accessed%2014%20April%20%282021%29.">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[2]</span> Martins, F., Felgueiras, C., Smitkova, M., & Nídia, C. (2019). Analysis of Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption and Environmental Impacts in European Countries. Energies, 12, 964. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12060964. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/en12060964">10.3390/en12060964</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Analysis%20of%20Fossil%20Fuel%20Energy%20Consumption%20and%20Environmental%20Impacts%20in%20European%20Countries&author=Florinda%20Martins&author=Carlos%20Felgueiras&author=Miroslava%20Smitkova&author=N%C3%ADdia%20Caetano&publication_year=2019&journal=Energies&volume=12&issue=6&pages=964&doi=10.3390%2Fen12060964">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[3]</span> Arutyunov, V. S., & Lisichkin, G. V. (2017). Energy resources of the 21st century: problems and forecasts. Can renewable enerny sources replace fossil fuels? Russian Chemical Reviews, 86(8), 777–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/RCR4723. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1070/rcr4723">10.1070/rcr4723</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Energy%20resources%20of%20the%2021st%20century%3A%20problems%20and%20forecasts.%20Can%20renewable%20energy%20sources%20replace%20fossil%20fuels%3F&author=V%20S%20Arutyunov&author=G%20V%20Lisichkin&publication_year=2017&journal=Russian%20Chemical%20Reviews&volume=86&issue=8&pages=777-804&doi=10.1070%2Frcr4723">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[4]</span> Drew, B., Plummer, A. R., & Sahinkaya, M. N. (2009). A review of wave energy converter technology. Journal of Power and Energy, 223(8), 887–902. https://doi.org/10.1243/09576509JPE782. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1243/09576509jpe782">10.1243/09576509jpe782</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A%20review%20of%20wave%20energy%20converter%20technology&author=B%20Drew&author=A%20R%20Plummer&author=M%20N%20Sahinkaya&publication_year=2016&journal=Proceedings%20of%20the%20Institution%20of%20Mechanical%20Engineers%2C%20Part%20A%3A%20Journal%20of%20Power%20and%20Energy&volume=223&issue=8&pages=887-902&doi=10.1243%2F09576509jpe782">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[5]</span> López, I., & Iglesias, G. (2014). Efficiency of OWC wave energy converters: A virtual laboratory. Applied Ocean Research, 44, 63–70. https://doi.org///doi.org/10.1016/j.apor. 2013.11.001. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2013.11.001">10.1016/j.apor.2013.11.001</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Efficiency%20of%20OWC%20wave%20energy%20converters%3A%20A%20virtual%20laboratory&author=I.%20L%C3%B3pez&author=G.%20Iglesias&publication_year=2014&journal=Applied%20Ocean%20Research&volume=44&pages=63-70&doi=10.1016%2Fj.apor.2013.11.001">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[6]</span> Horko, M. (2007). CFD optimisation of an oscillating water column wave energy converter (Master's thesis). The university of Western Australia. </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Horko%2C%20M.%20%282007%29.%20CFD%20optimisation%20of%20an%20oscillating%20water%20column%20wave%20energy%20converter%20%28Master%27s%20thesis%29.%20The%20university%20of%20Western%20Australia.">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[7]</span> Belkacem, B., & Larbi, S. (2013). Contribution to the Geometry Optimization of an Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter. Energy Procedia, 36, 565–573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.065. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.065">10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.065</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Contribution%20to%20the%20Geometry%20Optimization%20of%20an%20Oscillating%20Water%20Column%20Wave%20Energy%20Converter&author=B.%20Bouali&author=S.%20Larbi&publication_year=2013&journal=Energy%20Procedia&volume=36&pages=565-573&doi=10.1016%2Fj.egypro.2013.07.065">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[8]</span> Boccotti, P. (2007). Comparison between a U-OWC and a conventional OWC. Ocean Engineering, 34, 799–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2006.04.005. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2006.04.005">10.1016/j.oceaneng.2006.04.005</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Comparison%20between%20a%20U-OWC%20and%20a%20conventional%20OWC&author=Paolo%20Boccotti&publication_year=2007&journal=Ocean%20Engineering&volume=34&issue=5-6&pages=799-805&doi=10.1016%2Fj.oceaneng.2006.04.005">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[9]</span> Ning, D.-Z., Ke, S., Mayon, R., & Zhang, C. (2019). Numerical Investigation on Hydrodynamic Performance of an OWC Wave Energy Device in the Stepped Bottom. Frontiers in Energy Research, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2019.00152. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2019.00152">10.3389/fenrg.2019.00152</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Numerical%20Investigation%20on%20Hydrodynamic%20Performance%20of%20an%20OWC%20Wave%20Energy%20Device%20in%20the%20Stepped%20Bottom&author=De-Zhi%20Ning&author=Song%20Ke&author=Robert%20Mayon&author=Chongwei%20Zhang&publication_year=2019&journal=Frontiers%20in%20Energy%20Research&volume=7&doi=10.3389%2Ffenrg.2019.00152">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[10]</span> Hayati, M., Nikseresht, A. H., & Haghighi, A. T. (2020). Sequential optimization of the geometrical parameters of an OWC device based on the specific wave characteristics. Renewable Energy, 161, 386–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.07.073. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.07.073">10.1016/j.renene.2020.07.073</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Sequential%20optimization%20of%20the%20geometrical%20parameters%20of%20an%20OWC%20device%20based%20on%20the%20specific%20wave%20characteristics&author=Mohammad%20Hayati&author=Amir%20H.%20Nikseresht&author=Ali%20Taherian%20Haghighi&publication_year=2020&journal=Renewable%20Energy&volume=161&pages=386-394&doi=10.1016%2Fj.renene.2020.07.073">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[11]</span> Ning, D., Guo, B., Wang, R., & Vyzikas, T. (2020). Geometrical investigation of a U-shaped oscillating water column wave energy device. Applied Ocean Research, 97(102105). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2020.102105. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2020.102105">10.1016/j.apor.2020.102105</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Geometrical%20investigation%20of%20a%20U-shaped%20oscillating%20water%20column%20wave%20energy%20device&author=De-zhi%20Ning&author=Bao-ming%20Guo&author=Rong-quan%20Wang&author=Thomas%20Vyzikas&author=Deborah%20Greaves&publication_year=2020&journal=Applied%20Ocean%20Research&volume=97&pages=102105&doi=10.1016%2Fj.apor.2020.102105">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[12]</span> Teixeira, P. R. F., Davyt, D. P., Didier, E., & Ramalhais, R. (2013). Numerical simulation of an oscillating water column device using a code based on Navier–Stokes equations. Energy, 61, 513–530. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.396.12. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.08.062">10.1016/j.energy.2013.08.062</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Numerical%20simulation%20of%20an%20oscillating%20water%20column%20device%20using%20a%C2%A0code%20based%20on%20Navier%E2%80%93Stokes%20equations&author=Paulo%20R.F.%20Teixeira&author=Djavan%20P.%20Davyt&author=Eric%20Didier&author=Rub%C3%A9n%20Ramalhais&publication_year=2013&journal=Energy&volume=61&pages=513-530&doi=10.1016%2Fj.energy.2013.08.062">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[13]</span> Gaspar, L. A., Teixeira, P. R. F., & Didier, E. (2020). Numerical analysis of the performance of two onshore oscillating water column wave energy converters at different chamber wall slopes. Ocean Engineering, 201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107119. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107119">10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107119</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Numerical%20analysis%20of%20the%20performance%20of%20two%20onshore%20oscillating%20water%20column%20wave%20energy%20converters%20at%20different%20chamber%20wall%20slopes&author=Lucas%20A.%20Gaspar&author=Paulo%20R.F.%20Teixeira&author=Eric%20Didier&publication_year=2020&journal=Ocean%20Engineering&volume=201&pages=107119&doi=10.1016%2Fj.oceaneng.2020.107119">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[14]</span> Deng, Z., Wang, C., Wang, P., Higuera, P., & Wang, R. (2019). Hydrodynamic performance of an offshore-stationary OWC device with a horizontal bottom plate: Experimental and numerical study. Elsevier, 115941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.115941. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.115941">10.1016/j.energy.2019.115941</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Hydrodynamic%20performance%20of%20an%20offshore-stationary%20OWC%20device%20with%20a%20horizontal%20bottom%20plate%3A%20Experimental%20and%20numerical%20study&author=Zhengzhi%20Deng&author=Chen%20Wang&author=Peng%20Wang&author=Pablo%20Higuera&author=Ruoqian%20Wang&publication_year=2019&journal=Energy&volume=187&pages=115941&doi=10.1016%2Fj.energy.2019.115941">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[15]</span> Bejan, A. (1997). Constructal-theory network of conducting paths for cooling a heat generating volume. International Journal of Heat e Mass Tranfer, 40(4), 799–816. https://doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(96)00175-5. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(96)00175-5">10.1016/0017-9310(96)00175-5</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Constructal-theory%20network%20of%20conducting%20paths%20for%20cooling%20a%20heat%20generating%20volume&author=Adrian%20Bejan&publication_year=1997&journal=International%20Journal%20of%20Heat%20and%20Mass%20Transfer&volume=40&issue=4&pages=799-816&doi=10.1016%2F0017-9310%2896%2900175-5">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[16]</span> Bejan, A., & Zane, J. P. (2012). Design in Nature. ASME, 134(06), 42–47. https://doi.org/ 10.1115/1.2012-JUN-4. </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Bejan%2C%20A.%2C%20%26%20Zane%2C%20J.%20P.%20%282012%29.%20Design%20in%20Nature.%20ASME%2C%20134%2806%29%2C%2042%E2%80%9347.%20https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F%2010.1115%2F1.2012-JUN-4.">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[17]</span> Bejan, A. (2000). Shape and Structure: From Engineering to Nature. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Bejan%2C%20A.%20%282000%29.%20Shape%20and%20Structure%3A%20From%20Engineering%20to%20Nature.%20United%20Kingdom%3A%20Cambridge%20University%20Press.">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[18]</span> Rocha, L., Sylvie, L., & Bejan, A. (2012). Constructal Law and the Unifying Principle of Design (2013th ed.). Springer. </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Rocha%2C%20L.%2C%20Sylvie%2C%20L.%2C%20%26%20Bejan%2C%20A.%20%282012%29.%20Constructal%20Law%20and%20the%20Unifying%20Principle%20of%20Design%20%282013th%20ed.%29.%20Springer.">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[19]</span> Gomes, M. N., Deus, M. J., Dos Santos, E. D., & Isoldi, L. A. (2019). Analysis of the Geometric Constraints Employed in Constructal Design for Oscillating Water Column Devices Submitted to the Wave Spectrum through a Numerical Approach. Defect and Diffusion Forum, 390, 193–210. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.390.193. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.390.193">10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.390.193</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Analysis%20of%20the%20Geometric%20Constraints%20Employed%20in%20Constructal%20Design%20for%20Oscillating%20Water%20Column%20Devices%20Submitted%20to%20the%20Wave%20Spectrum%20through%20a%20Numerical%20Approach&author=Mateus%20das%20Neves%20Gomes&author=Matheus%20Jos%C3%A9%20de%20Deus&author=Elizaldo%20Domingues%20dos%20Santos&author=Li%C3%A9rcio%20Andr%C3%A9%20Isoldi&publication_year=2019&journal=Defect%20and%20Diffusion%20Forum&volume=390&pages=193-210&doi=10.4028%2Fwww.scientific.net%2Fddf.390.193">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[20]</span> Gomes, M. das N., Lorenzini, G., Rocha, L. A. O., Santos, E. D., & Isoldi, L. A. (2018). Constructal Design Applied to the Geometric Evaluation of an Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter Considering Different Real Scale Wave Periods. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 27(2), 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1810232818020042. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1134/s1810232818020042">10.1134/s1810232818020042</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Constructal%20Design%20Applied%20to%20the%20Geometric%20Evaluation%20of%20an%20Oscillating%20Water%20Column%20Wave%20Energy%20Converter%20Considering%20Different%20Real%20Scale%20Wave%20Periods&author=M.%20das%20N.%20Gomes&author=G.%20Lorenzini&author=L.%20A.%20O.%20Rocha&author=E.%20D.%20dos%20Santos&author=L.%20A.%20Isoldi&publication_year=2018&journal=Journal%20of%20Engineering%20Thermophysics&volume=27&issue=2&pages=173-190&doi=10.1134%2Fs1810232818020042">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[21]</span> Letzow, M. (2014). Avaliação geométrica da câmara de um dispositivo OWC onshore inserido em um tanque com rampa triangular em escala real empregando constructal design (Master's thesis). Federal University of Rio Grande, Brazil. Retrieved from https://ppgeo.furg.br/dissertacoes-e-teses/41-publicaes-de-2014/138-10508dissertacao-max-letzow. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5380/rber.v6i3.52992">10.5380/rber.v6i3.52992</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=AVALIA%C3%87%C3%83O%20GEOM%C3%89TRICA%20DA%20C%C3%82MARA%20DE%20UM%20DISPOSITIVO%20DE%20CONVERS%C3%83O%20DE%20ENERGIA%20DAS%20ONDAS%20DO%20TIPO%20OWC%20PARA%20DIFERENTES%20COMPRIMENTOS%20DA%20BORDA%20FRONTAL&author=Max%20Letzow&author=Felipe%20Vilela%20Levien&author=Rafael%20Dos%20Passos%20Pons&author=Mateus%20Das%20Neves%20Gomes&author=Jeferson%20Avila%20Souza&author=Luiz%20Alberto%20Oliveira%20Rocha&author=Li%C3%A9rcio%20Andr%C3%A9%20Isoldi&author=Elizaldo%20Domingues%20Dos%20Santos&publication_year=2017&journal=Revista%20Brasileira%20de%20Energias%20Renov%C3%A1veis&volume=6&issue=3&doi=10.5380%2Frber.v6i3.52992">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[22]</span> Letzow, M., Lorenzini, G., Barbosa, D., Hübner, R., Rocha, L., Gomes, M., Isoldi, L., & Dos Santos, E. (2020). Numerical Analysis of the Influence of Geometry on a Large Scale Onshore Oscillating Water Column Device with Associated Seabed Ramp. International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics, 873–884. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.150613. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.150613">10.18280/ijdne.150613</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Numerical%20Analysis%20of%20the%20Influence%20of%20Geometry%20on%20a%20Large%20Scale%20Onshore%20Oscillating%20Water%20Column%20Device%20with%20Associated%20Seabed%20Ramp&author=Max%20Letzow&author=Giulio%20Lorenzini&author=Dante%20Vin%C3%ADcius%20Eloy%20Barbosa&author=Ricardo%20Gabriel%20H%C3%BCbner&author=Luiz%20Alberto%20Oliveira%20Rocha&author=Mateus%20das%20Neves%20Gomes&author=Li%C3%A9rcio%20Andr%C3%A9%20Isoldi&author=Elizaldo%20Domingues%20dos%20Santos&publication_year=2020&journal=International%20Journal%20of%20Design%20%26amp%3B%20Nature%20and%20Ecodynamics&volume=15&issue=6&pages=873-884&doi=10.18280%2Fijdne.150613">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[23]</span> Falcão, A. F. de O. (2010). Wave energy utilization: A review of the technologies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, 899–918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.003. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.003">10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.003</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Wave%20energy%20utilization%3A%20A%20review%20of%20the%20technologies&author=Ant%C3%B3nio%20F.%20de%20O.%20Falc%C3%A3o&publication_year=2010&journal=Renewable%20and%20Sustainable%20Energy%20Reviews&volume=14&issue=3&pages=899-918&doi=10.1016%2Fj.rser.2009.11.003">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[24]</span> Dean, R. G., & Dalrymple, R. A. (1991). Water wave mechanics for engineers and scientists (Vol. 2). Singapura: World Scientific. https://doi.org/10.1142/1232. </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Dean%2C%20R.%20G.%2C%20%26%20Dalrymple%2C%20R.%20A.%20%281991%29.%20Water%20wave%20mechanics%20for%20engineers%20and%20scientists%20%28Vol.%202%29.%20Singapura%3A%20World%20Scientific.%20https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1142%2F1232.">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[25]</span> Barreiro, T. G. (2009). Estudo da interação de uma onda monocromática com um conversor de energia (Master's thesis). Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Barreiro%2C%20T.%20G.%20%282009%29.%20Estudo%20da%20intera%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20de%20uma%20onda%20monocrom%C3%A1tica%20com%20um%C2%A0conversor%20de%20energia%20%28Master%27s%20thesis%29.%20Faculty%20of%20Science%20and%20Technology%2C%20Universidade%20Nova%20de%20Lisboa.">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[26]</span> GOMES, M. das N. (2014). Design Construtal de dispositivos conversores de energia das ondas do mar em energia elétrica do tipo coluna de água oscilante (Doctor's Thesis). Federal University of Rio Grande do sul, Brazil. Retrieved from https://www.lume.ufrgs.br/handle/10183/109161. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.14808/sci.plena.2017.049915">10.14808/sci.plena.2017.049915</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Modelagem%20computacional%20de%20um%20conversor%20de%20energia%20das%20ondas%20em%20energia%20el%C3%A9trica%20do%20tipo%20Coluna%20de%20%C3%81gua%20Oscilante%20%28CAO%29%20considerando%20dados%20de%20estado%20do%20mar&author=Sersana%20Sabedra%20De%20Oliveira&author=Phelype%20Haron%20Oleinik&author=Mateus%20das%20Neves%20Gomes&author=Elizaldo%20Domingues%20Dos%20Santos&author=Jeferson%20Avila%20Souza&author=Luiz%20Alberto%20Oliveira%20Rocha&author=Wilian%20Correa%20Marques&author=Li%C3%A9rcio%20Andr%C3%A9%20Isoldi&publication_year=2017&journal=Scientia%20Plena&volume=13&issue=4&doi=10.14808%2Fsci.plena.2017.049915">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[27]</span> Hirt, C. W., & Nichols, B. D. (1981). Volume of fluid (VOF) method for the dynamics of free boundaries. Journal of Computational Physics, 39, 201–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(81)90145-5. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(81)90145-5">10.1016/0021-9991(81)90145-5</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Volume%20of%20fluid%20%28VOF%29%20method%20for%20the%20dynamics%20of%20free%20boundaries&author=C.W%20Hirt&author=B.D%20Nichols&publication_year=1981&journal=Journal%20of%20Computational%20Physics&volume=39&issue=1&pages=201-225&doi=10.1016%2F0021-9991%2881%2990145-5">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[28]</span> Simonetti, I., Cappietti, L., Elsafti, H., & Oumeraci, H. (2017). Optimization of the geometry and the turbine induced damping for fixed detached and asymmetric OWC devices: A numerical study. Energy, 139, 1197–1209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.08.033. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.08.033">10.1016/j.energy.2017.08.033</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Optimization%20of%20the%20geometry%20and%20the%20turbine%20induced%20damping%20for%20fixed%20detached%20and%20asymmetric%20OWC%20devices%3A%20A%20numerical%20study&author=I.%20Simonetti&author=L.%20Cappietti&author=H.%20Elsafti&author=H.%20Oumeraci&publication_year=2017&journal=Energy&volume=139&pages=1197-1209&doi=10.1016%2Fj.energy.2017.08.033">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[29]</span> SCHLICHTING, H. (1979). Boundary Layer Theory (7th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=SCHLICHTING%2C%20H.%20%281979%29.%20Boundary%20Layer%20Theory%20%287th%20ed.%29.%20New%20York%3A%20McGraw-Hill.">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[30]</span> Marjani, A., Castro, F., Bahaji, M., & Filali, B. (2006). 3D unsteady flow simulation in an OWC wave conventer plant. Renewable Energy & power quality journal, 1, 350–355. https://doi.org/10.24084/REPQJ04.452. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.24084/repqj04.452">10.24084/repqj04.452</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=3D%20unsteady%20flow%20simulation%20in%20an%20OWC%20wave%20converter%20plant&author=A.%20El%20Marjani&author=F.%20Castro&author=M.%20Bahaji&author=B.%20Filali&publication_year=2006&journal=Renewable%20Energy%20and%20Power%20Quality%20Journal&volume=1&issue=04&pages=350-355&doi=10.24084%2Frepqj04.452">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[31]</span> Dizardji, N., & Sajadian, S. E. (2011). Modeling and optimization of the chamber of OWC system. Energy, 36, 2360–2366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.01.010. </p> <p> DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.01.010">10.1016/j.energy.2011.01.010</a> </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Modeling%20and%20optimization%20of%20the%20chamber%20of%20OWC%20system&author=Nader%20Dizadji&author=Seyed%20Ehsan%20Sajadian&publication_year=2011&journal=Energy&volume=36&issue=5&pages=2360-2366&doi=10.1016%2Fj.energy.2011.01.010">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> <div class="reference-text volume-info-text"> <p> <span>[32]</span> Ferziger, J. H., & Peric, M. (1996). Computacional Methods for Fluid Dynamics (1st ed.). Berlim: Springer. </p> <p><a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Ferziger%2C%20J.%20H.%2C%20%26%20Peric%2C%20M.%20%281996%29.%20Computacional%20Methods%20for%20Fluid%20Dynamics%20%281st%20ed.%29.%20Berlim%3A%20Springer.">Google Scholar</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="related-article cited-collapse col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="view"> <div class="panel-group" id="cited-panel"> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"> <a id="citedby-link" class="panel-title bold-large-text icon-container" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#cited-panel-" data-paper-id="583590" href="#citedby-root"> Cited by <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black"></i> </a> </div> <div id="citedby-root" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <span class="busy-icon"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="related-article related-collapse col-xs-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="view"> <div class="panel-group" id="related-articles-panel"> <div class="panel panel-default"> <div class="panel-heading"> <a id="related-articles-link" class="panel-title bold-large-text icon-container" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#related-articles-panel" href="#related-articles-root"> Related Articles <i class="inline-icon arrow-right-black"></i> </a> </div> <div id="related-articles-root" class="panel-collapse collapse"> <span class="busy-icon"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="author-message-modal" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"></div> <div id="citations-modal" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog popup"> <div class="popup-page-name underline-begin"> <div class="page-name-block-text">Citation</div> </div> <a class="inline-icon close-icon" data-dismiss="modal" title="Close"></a> <div class="modal-body"> <div id="citations-modal-content"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="addToCart" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="popup-page-name underline-begin"> <div class="page-name-block-text">Add To Cart</div> </div> <div class="shopping-cart-block"> <div class="popup-cart-block-image"> <i class="inline-icon add-paper-icon"></i> </div> <div class="popup-cart-block-text"> <p>Paper price: <span id="popup-paper-price"></span></p> <p>After payment, you will receive an email with instructions and a link to download the purchased paper.</p> <p>You may also check the possible access via personal account by logging in or/and check access through your institution.</p> </div> </div> <div class="popup-block-buttons clearfix"> <div class="three-buttons-block"> <a data-dismiss="modal" class="button button-95 button-grey icon-container"> <i class="inline-icon button-arrow-back-black button-icon-left"></i> <span class="inline-element">Back</span> </a> <button data-url="/Cart/AddPaper" data-paperid="583590" id="addPaperButton" class="button button-160" disabled> <span class="inline-element">Add to Cart</span> <i class="inline-icon cart-icon-white button-icon-right"></i> </button> </div> </div> <a data-dismiss="modal" title="Close" class="inline-icon close-icon"></a> </div> </div> <div id="addedToCart" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="popup-page-name underline-begin"> <div class="page-name-block-text">Add To Cart</div> </div> <div class="shopping-cart-block"> <div class="popup-cart-block-image"> <i class="inline-icon add-paper-icon"></i> </div> <div class="popup-cart-block-text"> <p>This paper has been added to your cart</p> </div> </div> <div class="popup-block-buttons clearfix"> <div class="three-buttons-block"> <a data-dismiss="modal" class="button button-95 button-grey icon-container"> <i class="inline-icon button-arrow-back-black button-icon-left"></i> <span class="inline-element">Back</span> </a> <a href="https://main.scientific.net/Payment/Cart" class="button button-160"> <span class="inline-element">To Cart</span> <i class="inline-icon cart-icon-white button-icon-right"></i> </a> </div> </div> <a data-dismiss="modal" title="Close" class="inline-icon close-icon"></a> </div> </div> <div class="social-icon-popup"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> <div class="sc-footer"> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="footer-menu col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <ul class="list-inline menu-font"> <li><a href="/ForLibraries">For Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/ForPublication/Paper">For Publication</a></li> <li><a href="/insights" target="_blank">Insights</a></li> <li><a href="/DocuCenter">Downloads</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/AboutUs">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/PolicyAndEthics/PublishingPolicies">Policy & Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Contacts">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Imprint">Imprint</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/PrivacyPolicy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Sitemap">Sitemap</a></li> <li><a href="/Conferences">All Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/special-issues">All Special Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/news/all">All News</a></li> <li><a href="/open-access-partners">Open Access Partners</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 footer-copyright"> <p> © 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. For open access content, terms of the Creative Commons licensing CC-BY are applied. <br />Scientific.Net is a registered trademark of Trans Tech Publications Ltd. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="scrollTop inline-icon scroll-top-icon" href="#" style="display: none"></a> </div> <script src="/Scripts/public.min.js?v=BtSq2PJEHRTW2PekpQGgIQKs7-OSPiKhsoI9rMs6kTU"></script> <script src="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_js/casa.js" async></script> <script async type="application/javascript" src="https://cdn.scite.ai/badge/scite-badge-latest.min.js"></script> <script> $(function () { var statisticsDownloadedHandler = function ($element) { return function (count) { $element.text(count); $element.parent().removeClass("loading"); }; }; $.get("/Paper/GetDownloadsAndVisitorsCount?paperId=583590", statisticsDownloadedHandler($("#paperDownloadsAndVisitorsCount"))); $.ajax({method: "GET", url: "/Paper/GetPrice?paperId=583590" }) .retry({times: 3, timeout: 3000 }) .done(function (price) { $("#paper-price-info").html(price); $("#popup-paper-price").html(price); $("#addPaperButton").removeAttr("disabled"); }); $("#paperCitationsButton").on("click", function (e) { e.preventDefault(); Scinet.busy.lock(); var $modal = $("#citations-modal"), $modalContent = $("#citations-modal-content"); $.get("/Paper/Citations?doi=10.4028%2Fwww.scientific.net%2FDDF.412.11") .done(function (content) { Scinet.busy.unlock(); $modalContent.html(content); $modal.modal(); }) .fail(function () { Scinet.busy.unlock(); Scinet.error("The DOI has not been activated yet. Please try again later."); }); }); $("#ask-by-email-button") .on("click", function (e) { e.preventDefault(); var url = $(this).data("url"); $("#ask-by-email-modal") .load(url, function () { $("#ask-by-email-modal").modal(); }); }); $("#downloadPdfButton").on("click", function () { Scinet.busy.lock(); setTimeout(Scinet.busy.unlock, 8000); }); var readThePaperLogged = false; $("#readPaperButton").on( "click", function (e) { e.preventDefault(); $("#addToCart").modal(); if (!readThePaperLogged) { var url = $("#readPaperButton").data("urlReadPaperLog"); $.ajax({ url: url }); readThePaperLogged = true; } }); $("#addPaperButton").on( "click", function (e) { e.preventDefault(); var $button = $(this), url = $button.data("url"), paperId = $button.data("paperid"); $.post(url, { paperId: paperId }) .done( function () { Scinet.public.loadCartInfo(); $('#addToCart').modal('hide'); $("#addedToCart").modal(); }); }); $(".paper-title-main-page a.panel-title").on("click", function () { $(this).toggleClass("active"); }); $(".author-send-message").on("click", function (e) { e.preventDefault(); var url = $(this).data("url"), $modal = $("#author-message-modal"); $modal.load(url, function () { $modal.modal(); }); }); var previewLogged = false; $("#preview-button") .on("click", function () { $("#paper-preview-modal").modal(); if (!previewLogged) { var url = $(this).data("url-preview-log"); $.ajax({ url: url }); previewLogged = true; } }); function getCitedByInfo(page) { var $citedbyroot = $("#citedby-root"); var paperId = $("#citedby-link").data("paper-id"); if (paperId && page) { $.ajax( { method: "GET", url: "/Paper/CitedBy", data: { paperId: paperId, pageNumber: page } }) .done( function (response) { $citedbyroot.html(response); $(".citedby-paginator").on("click", function () { var pageNumber = $(this).attr("page"); getCitedByInfo(pageNumber); }); }) .fail( function (request, status, error) { $citedbyroot .html('<div style="color: red; padding-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 30px;"><p>' + error + "</p></div>"); }); } } $("#citedby-link") .on("click", function () { var $citedbyroot = $("#citedby-root"); if (!$citedbyroot.data("loaded")) { getCitedByInfo(1); $citedbyroot.data("loaded", true); } }); $("#citations-modal-content") .on("click", ".citations-list-item-value a", function (e) { e.preventDefault(); }); var clipboard = new ClipboardJS("#citations-modal-content .citations-list-item .inline-icon"); clipboard.on("success", function (e) { var $icon = $(e.trigger); var originalName = "data-original-title"; var prevTitle = $icon.attr(originalName); $icon.addClass("icon-copied").removeClass("icon-copy"); $icon.attr(originalName, "Copied!").tooltip("show"); setTimeout(function () { $icon.attr(originalName, prevTitle).tooltip("hide"); $icon.addClass("icon-copy").removeClass("icon-copied"); }, 3000); e.clearSelection(); }); function getRelatedArticles() { var $releatedArticlesRoot = $("#related-articles-root"); $.ajax( { method: "GET", url: "/Paper/RelatedArticles?paperId=583590" }) .done( function (response) { $releatedArticlesRoot.html(response); }) .fail( function (request, status, error) { $releatedArticlesRoot .html('<div style="color: red; padding-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 30px;"><p>Server Error. Sorry for the inconvenience. Our team is working to fix this internal error. Please check back shortly.</p></div>'); }); } $("#related-articles-link") .on("click", function () { var $releatedArticlesRoot = $("#related-articles-root"); if (!$releatedArticlesRoot.data("loaded")) { getRelatedArticles(); $releatedArticlesRoot.data("loaded", true); } }) $("body").tooltip({ selector: "[data-toggle=tooltip]" }); }); $(document) .ready( function () { var isHidden = sessionStorage.getItem('isPublicMessagesHidden'); if (isHidden === 'true') { $('.message-container').hide(); } $('#hide-button') .click( function (event) { event.preventDefault(); $('.message-container').hide(); sessionStorage.setItem('isPublicMessagesHidden', 'true'); }); }); </script> <script asp-render-component-scripts> (function (w, a, y, f) { w._wayfinder = w._wayfinder || function () { (w._wayfinder.q = w._wayfinder.q || []).push(arguments) }; p = { oaDomain: 'scientific.net', oaAppId: '9a54dd64-0769-4f59-a7ec-b249515c9de7' }; w._wayfinder.settings = p; w._wayfinder.options = { rememberCrossSite: false }; h = a.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; s = a.createElement('script'); s.async = 1; q = Object.keys(p).map(function (key) { return key + '=' + p[key] }).join('&'); s.src = y + 'v1' + f + "?" + q; h.appendChild(s); } )(window, document, 'https://wayfinder.openathens.net/embed/', '/loader.js'); $(function () { var wayfinderEnabled = true; $("#sa-button").on("click", function (e) { if (wayfinderEnabled) { setTargetPageCookie(); } else { e.preventDefault(); setTargetPageCookie(); window.location.href = this.href; } }); function setTargetPageCookie() { var in5Minutes = 1 / 3600 * 5; Cookies.set("Scinet.TargetPage", window.location.href, { domain: ".scientific.net", expires: in5Minutes, secure: true }); } }); Scinet.public = (function () { function loadCartInfo(onLoad) { var formatCartItemCount = function (count) { var format = (count > 1 || count === 0) ? "{0} items" : "{0} item"; $("#cartInfoTotalItemsCount").html(Scinet.stringFormat(format, count)); }, cookieCartItemCount = Cookies.get("Scinet5.CartItemsCount"); if (onLoad && cookieCartItemCount != null) { formatCartItemCount(parseInt(cookieCartItemCount, 10)); } else { $.ajax({ url: "/Cart/GetItemsCount", cache: false }) .done( function (count) { Cookies.set("Scinet5.CartItemsCount", count, { domain: ".scientific.net", secure: true }); formatCartItemCount(count); }); } } return { loadCartInfo: loadCartInfo }; })(); $(function () { Scinet.public.loadCartInfo(true); $("[data-add-book-to-cart]").on("click", function (e) { e.preventDefault(); var data = $(this).data("add-book-to-cart"); console.log(data); var url = "/Cart/AddBook"; $.post(url, data) .done( function () { Scinet.public.loadCartInfo(); $("#addToCart").modal(); }) .fail( function (xhr) { Scinet.error(xhr.responseText); }); }) }); </script> <script> var $buoop = { required: { e: 11, f: -6, o: -6, s: -3, c: -6 }, insecure: false, unsupported: false, api: 2019.11, reminder: 0, onshow: function () { window.browserUpdateOutdated = true; } }; function $buo_f() { var e = document.createElement("script"); e.src = "//browser-update.org/update.min.js"; document.body.appendChild(e); }; try { document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", $buo_f, false) } catch (e) { window.attachEvent("onload", $buo_f) } </script> <!-- IE polyfills--> <!--[if lt IE 10]> <script src="/Scripts/lib/flexibility/flexibility.js"></script> <script> flexibility(document.documentElement); </script> <![endif]--> <script> window.clientErrorLogActionUrl = "/Errors/LogClientError"; </script> </body> </html>