Glossary | CSRC

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href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=A">A</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-b" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=B">B</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-c" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=C">C</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-d" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=D">D</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-e" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=E">E</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-f" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=F">F</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-g" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=G">G</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-h" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=H">H</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-i" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=I">I</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-j" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=J">J</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-k" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=K">K</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-l" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=L">L</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-m" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=M">M</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-n" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=N">N</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-o" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=O">O</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-p" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=P">P</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-q" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=Q">Q</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-r" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=R">R</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-s" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=S">S</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-t" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=T">T</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-u" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=U">U</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-v" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=V">V</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-w" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=W">W</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-x" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=X">X</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-y" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=Y">Y</a>  |  <a id="alpha-top-z" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=Z">Z</a> </div> <p><em>Glossary terms and definitions last updated: October 17, 2023</em></p> <p><strong>This Glossary only consists of terms and definitions extracted verbatim from NIST's cybersecurity- and privacy-related publications</strong>--<a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips">Federal Information Processing Standards</a> (FIPS), <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/sp">NIST Special Publications</a> (SPs), and <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistir">NIST Internal/Interagency Reports</a> (IRs)--as well as from Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS) Instruction <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205073953/https://www.cnss.gov/CNSS/issuances/Instructions.cfm">CNSSI-4009</a>. Only terms that are defined in final publications—not drafts—are included here.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Multiple definitions.</strong> Some terms have multiple definitions. Terminology changes over time, and may differ based on the topic being addressed. <strong>Always refer to the source publication for the authoritative term and definition, and to see that information in its proper context.</strong></li> <li><strong>Inclusive language. </strong>We recognize that some NIST publications contain potentially biased terminology. As we revise publications, we are reviewing and editing that language based on NIST’s <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205073953/http://www.nist.gov/nist-research-library/nist-technical-series-publications-author-instructions#inclusive">inclusive language guidance</a>. New publications in development will also follow that guidance.</li> </ul> <p>The Glossary may be expanded to include relevant terms in external or supplemental sources, such as applicable laws and regulations. Recommendations for publications to be considered by NIST can be sent to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205073953/mailto:secglossary@nist.gov">secglossary@nist.gov</a>. HOWEVER, terms without a source publication will not be independently added to this Glossary.</p> <div class="alert alert-info" role="alert"> <p>See <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/nistir/7298/rev-3/final">NISTIR 7298 Rev. 3</a> for additional details about this Glossary.<br/> Download the Glossary in <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/csrc/media/glossary/glossary-export.zip">JSON format</a> (updated daily 6:15 pm ET; see <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/csrc/media/glossary/glossary-export.meta">metadata</a>).</p> </div> <form action="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary" class="bs-callout bs-callout-success csrc-search-form hidden-lg hidden-md mobile-form" data-csrc-form="true" data-default-query="sortBy-lg=term+asc" data-form-ignore-default="sortBy" data-form-name="glossarySearchMobile" method="get"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="glossary-search-keywords-sm">Search</label> <input name="keywords-sm" class="form-control" data-val="true" data-val-length="The field Search must be a string with a maximum length of 255." data-val-length-max="255" id="glossary-search-keywords-sm" name="Form.Keywords" type="text" value=""/> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="glossary-search-sort-by-sm">Sort By</label> <div class="form-inline"> <select name="sortBy-sm" class="form-control form-control-full" id="glossary-search-sort-by-sm" name="Form.SortBy"><option selected="selected" value="relevance">Relevance (best match)</option> <option value="term asc">Term (A-Z)</option> <option value="term desc">Term (Z-A)</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="form-group form-inline"> <label for="glossary-search-ipp-sm" class="form-control-half">Items Per Page</label> <select name="ipp-sm" class="form-control" id="glossary-search-ipp-sm" name="Form.ItemsPerPage"><option selected="selected" value="100">100</option> 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id="alpha-n" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=N">N</a>  |  <a id="alpha-o" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=O">O</a>  |  <a id="alpha-p" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=P">P</a>  |  <a id="alpha-q" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=Q">Q</a>  |  <a id="alpha-r" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=R">R</a>  |  <a id="alpha-s" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=S">S</a>  |  <a id="alpha-t" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=T">T</a>  |  <a id="alpha-u" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=U">U</a>  |  <a id="alpha-v" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=V">V</a>  |  <a id="alpha-w" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=W">W</a>  |  <a id="alpha-x" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=X">X</a>  |  <a id="alpha-y" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=Y">Y</a>  |  <a id="alpha-z" href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary?index=Z">Z</a> </div> <div id="results-container"> <div class="row top-pagination-area"> <div class="col-lg-6 col-sm-12"> <span id="showing-results-text" data-total-pages="1" data-first-record="1" data-last-record="46" data-current-page="1" data-items-per-page="0" data-total-results="46">Showing <strong id="showing-results-total">46</strong> matching records.</span> </div> <div class="col-lg-6 col-sm-12"> </div> </div> <div class="search-results-list" id="search-results-list" data-total-records="46" data-page="1" data-first-record="1" data-last-record="46" data-ipp="0"> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-1" data-term-format="I"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/q_lowercase" id="term-link-1"><em>q</em></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-2" data-term-format="I"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/q" id="term-link-2"><em>Q</em></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-3" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qa" id="term-link-3">QA</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-4" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qa_qc" id="term-link-4">QA/QC</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-5" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qat" id="term-link-5">QAT</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-6" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qccf" id="term-link-6">QCCF</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-7" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qc_mdpc" id="term-link-7">QC-MDPC</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-8" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qcsd" id="term-link-8">QCSD</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-9" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qemu" id="term-link-9">QEMU (Quick Emulator)</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-10" data-term-format="I"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/q_inv" id="term-link-10"><em>qInv</em></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-11" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qms" id="term-link-11">QMS</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-12" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qop" id="term-link-12">QoP</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-13" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qos" id="term-link-13">QoS</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-14" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qr" id="term-link-14">QR</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-15" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qr_code" id="term-link-15">QR Code</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-16" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qrom" id="term-link-16">QROM</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-17" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/quadrant" id="term-link-17">quadrant</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-18" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/quadratic_twist" id="term-link-18">quadratic twist</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-19" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qualification" id="term-link-19">qualification</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-20" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qualified_products_list" id="term-link-20">Qualified Products List</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-21" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qualitative_assessment" id="term-link-21">Qualitative Assessment</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-22" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/qualitative_risk_analysis" id="term-link-22">Qualitative Risk Analysis</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-23" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/web/20231205073953/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/quality" id="term-link-23">quality</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-24" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a 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