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cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ara</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" aria-label="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Özel:Ara"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ara</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Kişisel araçlar"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Sayfanın yazı tipi boyutunun, genişliğinin ve renginin görünümünü değiştirin" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Görünüm" > <label 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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr" class=""><span>Bağış yapın</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Partenogenez" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir" class=""><span>Hesap oluştur</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Partenogenez" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oturum aç</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr"><span>Bağış yapın</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Partenogenez" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Partenogenez" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum aç</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Memelilerde_partenogenez" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memelilerde_partenogenez"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Memelilerde partenogenez</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memelilerde_partenogenez-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ayrıca_bakınız"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ayrıca bakınız</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ayrıca_bakınız-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Kaynakça alt bölümünü aç/kapa</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Diğer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diğer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Diğer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diğer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Partenogenez</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 62 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenese" title="Partenogenese - Afrikaanca" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Partenogenese" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenochenesi" title="Partenochenesi - Aragonca" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Partenochenesi" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="توالد بكري - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توالد بكري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenez" title="Partenogenez - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Partenogenez" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Партэнагенез - Belarusça" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Партэнагенез" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Партеногенеза - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Партеногенеза" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="অপুংজনি - Bengalce" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অপুংজনি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogeneza" title="Partenogeneza - Boşnakça" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Partenogeneza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boşnakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenog%C3%A8nesi" title="Partenogènesi - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Partenogènesi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogeneze" title="Partenogeneze - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Partenogeneze" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenese" title="Partenogenese - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Partenogenese" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenogenese" title="Parthenogenese - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Parthenogenese" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B8%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Παρθενογένεση - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παρθενογένεση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenogenesis" title="Parthenogenesis - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Parthenogenesis" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenezo" title="Partenogenezo - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Partenogenezo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenog%C3%A9nesis" title="Partenogénesis - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partenogénesis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenees" title="Partenogenees - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Partenogenees" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenesi" title="Partenogenesi - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Partenogenesi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="بکرزایی - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بکرزایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogeneesi" title="Partenogeneesi - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Partenogeneesi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parth%C3%A9nogen%C3%A8se" title="Parthénogenèse - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parthénogenèse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partanaigineas" title="Partanaigineas - İrlandaca" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Partanaigineas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="İrlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenox%C3%A9nese" title="Partenoxénese - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Partenoxénese" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D" title="רביית בתולים - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רביית בתולים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%9B%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF" title="अछूती वंशवृद्धि - Hintçe" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अछूती वंशवृद्धि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hintçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogeneza" title="Partenogeneza - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Partenogeneza" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenezis" title="Partenogenezis - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Partenogenezis" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Կուսածնություն - Ermenice" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կուսածնություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Ermenice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenesis" title="Partenogenesis - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Partenogenesis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenezo" title="Partenogenezo - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Partenogenezo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenesis" title="Partenogenesis - İzlandaca" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Partenogenesis" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="İzlandaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenesi" title="Partenogenesi - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partenogenesi" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%98%E7%82%BA%E7%94%9F%E6%AE%96" title="単為生殖 - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="単為生殖" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Партеногенез - Kazakça" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Партеногенез" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%98%EB%85%80%EC%83%9D%EC%8B%9D" title="처녀생식 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="처녀생식" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenez" title="Partenogenez - Kürtçe" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Partenogenez" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kürtçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Партеногенез - Kırgızca" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Партеногенез" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kırgızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenez%C4%97" title="Partenogenezė - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Partenogenezė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenesis" title="Partenogenesis - Malayca" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Partenogenesis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenogenese" title="Parthenogenese - Aşağı Almanca" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Parthenogenese" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Aşağı Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maagdelijke_voortplanting" title="Maagdelijke voortplanting - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Maagdelijke voortplanting" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenese" title="Partenogenese - Norveççe Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Partenogenese" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenese" title="Partenogenese - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Partenogenese" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8" title="ਪਾਰਥੀਨੋਜੇਨੇਸਿਸ - Pencapça" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਾਰਥੀਨੋਜੇਨੇਸਿਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pencapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogeneza" title="Partenogeneza - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Partenogeneza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenog%C3%A9nese" title="Partenogénese - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partenogénese" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Партеногенез - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Партеногенез" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parthenogenesis" title="Parthenogenesis - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Parthenogenesis" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogen%C3%A9za" title="Partenogenéza - Slovakça" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Partenogenéza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogeneza" title="Partenogeneza - Slovence" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Partenogeneza" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Партеногенеза - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Партеногенеза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenes" title="Partenogenes - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Partenogenes" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="கன்னிப்பிறப்பு - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கன்னிப்பிறப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Апомиксис - Tacikçe" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Апомиксис" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tacikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%8C" title="การเกิดโดยไม่ผสมพันธุ์ - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การเกิดโดยไม่ผสมพันธุ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenohenesis" title="Partenohenesis - Tagalogca" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Partenohenesis" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalogca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Партеногенез - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Партеногенез" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="خود زائی - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خود زائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenez" title="Partenogenez - Özbekçe" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Partenogenez" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Özbekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinh_s%E1%BA%A3n" title="Trinh sản - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trinh sản" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E6%80%A7%E7%94%9F%E6%AE%96" title="单性生殖 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="单性生殖" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E6%80%A7%E7%94%9F%E6%AE%96" title="单性生殖 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="单性生殖" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q183236#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Partenogenez" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Madde</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:Partenogenez" rel="discussion" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Bu maddedeki <b>bilgilerin <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Do%C4%9Frulanabilirlik" title="Vikipedi:Doğrulanabilirlik">doğrulanabilmesi</a> için ek kaynaklar gerekli</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Lütfen <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:G%C3%BCvenilir_kaynaklar" title="Vikipedi:Güvenilir kaynaklar">güvenilir kaynaklar</a> ekleyerek <a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Partenogenez&action=edit">maddenin geliştirilmesine</a> yardımcı olun. Kaynaksız içerik itiraz konusu olabilir ve <a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Do%C4%9Frulanabilirlik#Kanıt_sorumluluğu" title="Vikipedi:Doğrulanabilirlik">kaldırılabilir</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Kaynak ara:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Partenogenez%22">"Partenogenez"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Partenogenez%22+-wikipedia">haber</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&q=%22Partenogenez%22+site:news.google.com/newspapers&source=newspapers">gazete</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Partenogenez%22+-wikipedia">kitap</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Partenogenez%22">akademik</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Partenogenez%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Şubat 2023</span>)</i></small><small class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Bak%C4%B1m_%C5%9Fablonunu_kald%C4%B1rmak" title="Yardım:Bakım şablonunu kaldırmak">Bu şablonun nasıl ve ne zaman kaldırılması gerektiğini öğrenin</a>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Cnemidophorus-ThreeSpecies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cnemidophorus-ThreeSpecies.jpg/250px-Cnemidophorus-ThreeSpecies.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Cnemidophorus-ThreeSpecies.jpg/375px-Cnemidophorus-ThreeSpecies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Cnemidophorus-ThreeSpecies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="415" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>Partenogenezle üreyen <i><a href="/wiki/Aspidoscelis" title="Aspidoscelis">Aspidoscelis neomexicanus</a></i> (ortada).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Plumpollen0060.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Plumpollen0060.jpg/250px-Plumpollen0060.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Plumpollen0060.jpg/375px-Plumpollen0060.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Plumpollen0060.jpg/500px-Plumpollen0060.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1525" data-file-height="1212" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erik_%C3%A7i%C3%A7e%C4%9Fi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erik çiçeği (sayfa mevcut değil)">Erik çiçeği</a> üzerinde bir bal arısı</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Partenogenez</b> ya da <b>döllenmesiz üreme</b>, gerek bitkilerde gerek hayvanlarda döllenmemiş bir dişi <a href="/wiki/Gamet" title="Gamet">gametin</a> gelişip yeni bir birey oluşturmasıdır. Partenogenezde döllenme yoktur, dolayısıyla bir <a href="/wiki/E%C5%9Feysiz_%C3%BCreme" title="Eşeysiz üreme">eşeysiz üreme</a> türüdür.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Partenogenezin birçok çeşidi vardır. En bayağı partenogenez, erkeği olmayan türlerde (daphnia) ya da çok az erkeği bulunan türlerde (phasma) görülen partenogenezdir. Partenogenezin en çok görülen biçimlerinden biri mevsimlik olanıdır. <a href="/wiki/Asma_biti" title="Asma biti">Asma biti</a> başta olmak üzere birtakım böcekler yazın çiftleşmezler, dişiler doğrudan doğruya yumurtlar ve bunlardan yeni yavrular oluşur ama kışa dayanıklı yumurtalar yumurtlamak için sonbaharda çiftleşirler. <a href="/wiki/Bal_ar%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Bal arısı">Bal arısında</a> ana arı ilk çiftleşme uçuşunda edinip sperm kesesinde biriktirdiği erkek gametlerle kendi yumurtalarını dölleyerek peteklere bırakır ve yıllarca bunlardan dişi işçi arılar doğar. Arada bir döllemediği yumurtalardan erkek arılar oluşur. Sperm kesesinde hiç sperm kalmadığında yumurtlarsa hep erkek arılar doğar. O zaman arıcılar bu yaşlı arıları yakalayıp kovandan atarlar. </p><p>Deneysel olarak da laboratuvarlarda pek çok partenogenez durumları yaratılmıştır (Leob Delage, Bataillon vs.). Bunlarda görülen ilginç ve ortak yan, herhangi bir şekilde uyarılan (iğne ile çizme, bir noktasını delme vs.) her yumurtanın harekete geçerek çoğalmaya başlamasıdır.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme"><span title="">kaynak belirtilmeli</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Memelilerde_partenogenez">Memelilerde partenogenez</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partenogenez&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Memelilerde partenogenez" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partenogenez&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Memelilerde partenogenez"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>İnsanda tek bir kromozomun bile <a href="/wiki/Haploid" class="mw-redirect" title="Haploid">haploid</a> olarak kalıtlanması, fizyolojik ve <a href="/wiki/Patolojik" class="mw-redirect" title="Patolojik">patolojik</a> bazı <a href="/wiki/Sendrom" title="Sendrom">sendromların</a> hatta bazen de ölümcül özelliklerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olduğu için, partenogenetik bir üreme insan için risklidir. Ancak laboratuvar koşullarında diğer memelilerde böyle bir üreme gerçekleştirilmiştir. 2018 yılında Çinli araştırmacılar, başarılı bir biçimde, farelerde partenogenezi gerçekleştirmişlerdir.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tavşanlarda partenogenez ise, 1936 yılında <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregory_Pincus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregory Pincus (sayfa mevcut değil)">Gregory Pincus</a> adlı bilim insanı tarafından araştırılmıştır. Isı değişikliği ve kimyasal maddelerle uyarılan tavşan yumurta hücreleriyle yapılan bu çalışma, memelilerdeki ilk partenogenez çalışmalarından biridir.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Kaynak_g%C3%B6sterme" title="Vikipedi:Kaynak gösterme"><span title="">kaynak belirtilmeli</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ayrıca_bakınız"><span id="Ayr.C4.B1ca_bak.C4.B1n.C4.B1z"></span>Ayrıca bakınız</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partenogenez&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Ayrıca bakınız" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partenogenez&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Ayrıca bakınız"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bonnet" title="Charles Bonnet">Charles Bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregory_Goodwin_Pincus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregory Goodwin Pincus (sayfa mevcut değil)">Gregory Goodwin Pincus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komodo_ejderi" title="Komodo ejderi">Komodo ejderi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partenogenez&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partenogenez&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak akademik-dergi">Boyden, Alan (Kasım 1950). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/166820a0">"Is Parthenogenesis Sexual or Asexual Reproduction?"</a>. <i>Nature</i> (İngilizce). <b>166</b> (4228): 820-820. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/166820a0">10.1038/166820a0</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Standart_S%C3%BCreli_Yay%C4%B1n_Numaras%C4%B1" title="Uluslararası Standart Süreli Yayın Numarası">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. 1 Ocak 2022 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220101153928/https://www.nature.com/articles/166820a0">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">1 Ocak</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Is+Parthenogenesis+Sexual+or+Asexual+Reproduction%3F&rft.pages=820-820&rft.date=1950-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F166820a0&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft.aulast=Boyden&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2F166820a0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APartenogenez" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web">Culfa, Şeyda (19 Ekim 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://popsci.com.tr/cinli-arastirmacilar-2-farkli-biyolojik-anneden-saglikli-ve-babasiz-fareler-uretmeyi-basardi/">"Çinli Araştırmacılar, 2 Farklı Biyolojik Anneden Sağlıklı ve Babasız Fareler Üretmeyi Başardı"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popular_Science_T%C3%BCrkiye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Popular Science Türkiye (sayfa mevcut değil)">Popular Science Türkiye</a></i>. 30 Mart 2021 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210330194706/https://popsci.com.tr/cinli-arastirmacilar-2-farkli-biyolojik-anneden-saglikli-ve-babasiz-fareler-uretmeyi-basardi/">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: <span class="nowrap">21 Mart</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Popular+Science+T%C3%BCrkiye&rft.atitle=%C3%87inli+Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmac%C4%B1lar%2C+2+Farkl%C4%B1+Biyolojik+Anneden+Sa%C4%9Fl%C4%B1kl%C4%B1+ve+Babas%C4%B1z+Fareler+%C3%9Cretmeyi+Ba%C5%9Fard%C4%B1&rft.date=2018-10-19&rft.aulast=Culfa&rft.aufirst=%C5%9Eeyda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopsci.com.tr%2Fcinli-arastirmacilar-2-farkli-biyolojik-anneden-saglikli-ve-babasiz-fareler-uretmeyi-basardi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3APartenogenez" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diğer"><span id="Di.C4.9Fer"></span>Diğer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partenogenez&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Diğer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partenogenez&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Diğer"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/ans-tparth/">Parthenogenesis in Incubated Turkey Eggs</a> 25 Eylül 2009 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090925075817/http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/ans-tparth/">arşivlendi</a>. Oregon State Üniversitesi</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/12/061220-virgin-dragons.html">National Geographic NEWS: Virgin Birth Expected at Christmas – By Komodo Dragon</a> 18 Ağustos 2009 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090818060957/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/12/061220-virgin-dragons.html">arşivlendi</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6196225.stm">BBC NEWS: 'Virgin births' for giant lizards (Komodo dragon)</a> 4 Ocak 2007 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070104141831/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6196225.stm">arşivlendi</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/18809674/">Female sharks capable of virgin birth</a> 12 Mayıs 2011 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110512020051/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/18809674/">arşivlendi</a>.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Otorite_kontrolü_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183236&#124;class=noprint&#124;Bunu_Vikiveri&#039;de_düzenleyin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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