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mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_de_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Batalla de Fuentes de Oñoro – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Batalla de Fuentes de Oñoro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_de_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Bataille de Fuentes de Oñoro – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bataille de Fuentes de Oñoro" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_di_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Battaglia di Fuentes de Oñoro – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Battaglia di Fuentes de Oñoro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slag_bij_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Slag bij Fuentes de Oñoro – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Slag bij Fuentes de Oñoro" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_pod_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Bitwa pod Fuentes de Oñoro – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bitwa pod Fuentes de Oñoro" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalha_de_Fontes_de_Onor" title="Batalha de Fontes de Onor – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Batalha de Fontes de Onor" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%83t%C4%83lia_de_la_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Bătălia de la Fuentes de Oñoro – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bătălia de la Fuentes de Oñoro" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81-%D0%B4%D0%B5-%D0%9E%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Битва при Фуэнтес-де-Оньоро – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Битва при Фуэнтес-де-Оньоро" data-language-autonym="Русский" 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.status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Peninsular War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_Fuentes_d%27Onoro,_1811.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Battle_of_Fuentes_d%27Onoro%2C_1811.jpg/260px-Battle_of_Fuentes_d%27Onoro%2C_1811.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Battle_of_Fuentes_d%27Onoro%2C_1811.jpg/390px-Battle_of_Fuentes_d%27Onoro%2C_1811.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Battle_of_Fuentes_d%27Onoro%2C_1811.jpg/520px-Battle_of_Fuentes_d%27Onoro%2C_1811.jpg 2x" data-file-width="549" data-file-height="351" /></a></span><br /><i>Captain <a href="/wiki/William_Norman_Ramsay" title="William Norman Ramsay">Norman Ramsay</a>, Royal Horse Artillery, Galloping his Troop Through the French Army to Safety at the Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro, 1811</i> by <a href="/wiki/George_Bryant_Campion" title="George Bryant Campion">George Bryant Campion</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>3–5 May 1811<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Fuentes de Oñoro">Fuentes de Oñoro</a>, Castile and León, Spain</div><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&params=40_35_N_6_49_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°35′N</span> <span class="longitude">6°49′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.583°N 6.817°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.583; -6.817</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Anglo-Portuguese victory<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span data-sort-value="United Kingdom"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a></span><br /><span data-sort-value="Portugal"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portugal</a></span></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French Empire</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland"><img alt="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Lord Wellington</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire"><img alt="First French Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na" title="André Masséna">Marshal Masséna</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 33,000–36,000 infantry<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> 1,850–2,000 cavalry<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />48 guns<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGates2001503_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGates2001503-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 40,000–42,000 infantry<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />4,500–5,000 cavalry<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <b>1,452<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOman1911340_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOman1911340-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–1,800:</b><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />192–241 killed<br />958–1,247 wounded<br />255–312 captured<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <b>2,192<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOman1911340_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOman1911340-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2,844:</b><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />267–343 killed<br />1,878–2,287 wounded<br />47–214 captured<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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href="/wiki/Combat_of_the_C%C3%B4a" title="Combat of the Côa">Côa River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Almeida_(1810)" title="Siege of Almeida (1810)">1st Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trant%27s_raid" title="Trant's raid">Trant's raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bussaco" title="Battle of Bussaco"><b>Bussaco</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sobral" title="Battle of Sobral">Sobral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lines_of_Torres_Vedras" title="Lines of Torres Vedras">Torres Vedras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Oliven%C3%A7a" title="Siege of Olivença">Olivença</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pombal" title="Battle of Pombal">Pombal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Redinha" title="Battle of Redinha">Redinha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Condeixa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Condeixa (page does not exist)">Condeixa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Casal_Novo" title="Battle of Casal Novo">Casal Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Foz_de_Arouce" title="Battle of Foz de Arouce">Foz de Arouce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sabugal" title="Battle of Sabugal">Sabugal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><b>Fuentes de Oñoro</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Almeida" title="Blockade of Almeida">2nd Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_El_Bod%C3%B3n" title="Battle of El Bodón">El Bodón</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_of_Aldeia_da_Ponte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Combat of Aldeia da Ponte (page does not exist)">Aldeia da Ponte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Portugal_in_the_French_Revolutionary_and_Napoleonic_Wars6435" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Portugal_in_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template:Campaignbox Portugal in the Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Portugal_in_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Portugal in the Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Portugal_in_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Portugal in the Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Portugal_in_the_French_Revolutionary_and_Napoleonic_Wars6435" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Portugal_(1777%E2%80%931834)" title="History of Portugal (1777–1834)">Portugal</a> in the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_and_Napoleonic_Wars" title="French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars"><span class="wrap">French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Pyrenees" title="War of the Pyrenees">War of the Pyrenees</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Boulou" title="Second Battle of Boulou">Boulou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sant_Lloren%C3%A7_de_la_Muga" title="Battle of Sant Llorenç de la Muga">Sant Llorenç de la Muga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villelongue" title="Battle of Villelongue">Villelongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Black_Mountain" title="Battle of the Black Mountain">Capmany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bascara_(1795)" title="Battle of Bascara (1795)">Bascara</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_campaign_of_1798" title="Mediterranean campaign of 1798">Mediterranean campaign of 1798</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malta_(1798%E2%80%931800)" title="Siege of Malta (1798–1800)">Malta</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Oranges" title="War of the Oranges">War of the Oranges</a></dt></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Portugal_(1807)" title="Invasion of Portugal (1807)">First invasion of Portugal</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olh%C3%A3o_revolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olhão revolt (page does not exist)">Olhão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Padr%C3%B5es_de_Teixeira" title="Combat of Padrões de Teixeira">Padrões de Teixeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C3%89vora_(1808)" title="Battle of Évora (1808)">Évora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Roli%C3%A7a" title="Battle of Roliça">Roliça</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vimeiro" title="Battle of Vimeiro">Vimeiro</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Second_French_invasion_of_Portugal" title="Second French invasion of Portugal">Second invasion of Portugal</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monterrey_(1809)" title="Battle of Monterrey (1809)">Monterrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chaves" title="Siege of Chaves">Chaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Braga_(1809)" title="Battle of Braga (1809)">Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Porto" title="First Battle of Porto">1st Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Amarante&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Amarante (page does not exist)">Amarante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grij%C3%B3" title="Battle of Grijó">Grijó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Porto" title="Second Battle of Porto">2nd Porto</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War#Third_Portuguese_campaign" title="Peninsular War">Third invasion of Portugal</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_C%C3%B4a" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Côa">River Côa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Almeida_(1810)" title="Siege of Almeida (1810)">1st Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bussaco" title="Battle of Bussaco">Bussaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trant%27s_raid" title="Trant's raid">Coimbra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sobral" title="Battle of Sobral">Sobral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pombal" title="Battle of Pombal">Pombal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Redinha" title="Battle of Redinha">Redinha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Condeixa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Condeixa (page does not exist)">Condeixa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Casal_Novo" title="Battle of Casal Novo">Casal Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Foz_de_Arouce" title="Battle of Foz de Arouce">Foz de Arouce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sabugal" title="Battle of Sabugal">Sabugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Almeida" title="Blockade of Almeida">2nd Almeida</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fuentes de Oñoro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_of_Aldeia_da_Ponte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Combat of Aldeia da Ponte (page does not exist)">Aldeia da Ponte</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War#1811" title="Peninsular War">Allied campaign in Spain</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Barrosa" title="Battle of Barrosa">Barrosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_siege_of_Badajoz_(1811)" title="Second siege of Badajoz (1811)">1st Badajoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Usagre" title="Battle of Usagre">Usagre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_El_Bod%C3%B3n" title="Battle of El Bodón">El Bodón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arroyo_dos_Molinos" title="Battle of Arroyo dos Molinos">Arroyo dos Molinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ciudad_Rodrigo_(1812)" title="Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1812)">Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Badajoz_(1812)" title="Siege of Badajoz (1812)">2nd Badajoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Almaraz" title="Battle of Almaraz">Almaraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Salamanca_forts" title="Siege of the Salamanca forts">1st Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamanca" title="Battle of Salamanca">2nd Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Majadahonda" title="Battle of Majadahonda">Majadahonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Burgos" title="Siege of Burgos">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tordesillas_(1812)" title="Battle of Tordesillas (1812)">Tordesillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Millan-Osma" title="Battle of San Millan-Osma">San Millan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vitoria" title="Battle of Vitoria">Vitoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolosa_(1813)" title="Battle of Tolosa (1813)">Tolosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pamplona_(1813)" title="Siege of Pamplona (1813)">Pamplona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="Siege of San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Pyrenees" title="Battle of the Pyrenees">Pyrenees</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maya" title="Battle of Maya">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Roncesvalles_(1813)" title="Battle of Roncesvalles (1813)">Roncesvalles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sorauren" title="Battle of Sorauren">Sorauren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lizasso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Lizasso (page does not exist)">Lizasso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Buenza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Buenza (page does not exist)">Buenza</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Campaign_in_south-west_France_(1814)" title="Campaign in south-west France (1814)">Campaign in south-west France</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bidassoa" title="Battle of the Bidassoa">Bidassoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nivelle" title="Battle of Nivelle">Nivelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Nive" title="Battle of the Nive">Nive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Garris" title="Battle of Garris">Garris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Orthez" title="Battle of Orthez">Orthez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toulouse_(1814)" title="Battle of Toulouse (1814)">Toulouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bayonne" title="Battle of Bayonne">Bayonne</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt>South America</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_French_Guiana" title="Portuguese conquest of French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_invasion_of_the_Banda_Oriental_(1811%E2%80%931812)" title="Portuguese invasion of the Banda Oriental (1811–1812)">Banda Oriental</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:306px"><div style="position:relative;width:304px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reliefkarte_Portugal.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro is located in Portugal"><img alt="Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro is located in Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Reliefkarte_Portugal.png/304px-Reliefkarte_Portugal.png" decoding="async" width="304" height="583" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Reliefkarte_Portugal.png/456px-Reliefkarte_Portugal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Reliefkarte_Portugal.png/608px-Reliefkarte_Portugal.png 2x" data-file-width="1633" data-file-height="3133" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.75%;left:17.105%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Lisbon"><img alt="Lisbon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Brown_pog.svg/12px-Brown_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Brown_pog.svg/18px-Brown_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Brown_pog.svg/24px-Brown_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Portugal_(1807)" title="Invasion of Portugal (1807)">Lisbon</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:53.393%;left:16.316%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Roliça"><img alt="Roliça" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/18px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/24px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Roli%C3%A7a" title="Battle of Roliça">Roliça</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:55.714%;left:12.632%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Vimeiro"><img alt="Vimeiro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/18px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/24px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vimeiro" title="Battle of Vimeiro">Vimeiro</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:10%;left:61.316%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Chaves"><img alt="Chaves" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/18px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/24px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chaves" title="Siege of Chaves">Chaves</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:13.571%;left:36.316%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Braga"><img alt="Braga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/18px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/24px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Braga_(1809)" title="Battle of Braga (1809)">Braga</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:22.679%;left:32.105%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Grijó"><img alt="Grijó" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/18px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/24px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grij%C3%B3" title="Battle of Grijó">Grijó</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:20.357%;left:31.053%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Porto"><img alt="Porto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/18px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/24px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Porto" title="Second Battle of Porto">Porto</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:28.036%;left:76.053%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Almeida"><img alt="Almeida" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/18px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/24px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Almeida_(1810)" title="Siege of Almeida (1810)">Almeida</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:35.179%;left:38.684%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bussaco"><img alt="Bussaco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/18px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/24px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bussaco" title="Battle of Bussaco">Bussaco</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.393%;left:14.211%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="TorresVedras"><img alt="TorresVedras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/18px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/24px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Lines_of_Torres_Vedras" title="Lines of Torres Vedras">TorresVedras</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:40.179%;left:30.789%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Redinha"><img alt="Redinha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/18px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/24px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Redinha" title="Battle of Redinha">Redinha</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:34.821%;left:71.579%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sabugal"><img alt="Sabugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/18px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/24px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:7px"><div><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sabugal" title="Battle of Sabugal">Sabugal</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:30.714%;left:78.421%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-6px;top:-6px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="FuentesDeOñoro"><img alt="FuentesDeOñoro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/18px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/24px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:7px"><div><b>FuentesDeOñoro</b></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Reliefkarte_Portugal.png" title="File:Reliefkarte Portugal.png">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Peninsular war: Portugal <br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Brown_pog.svg/12px-Brown_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Brown_pog.svg/18px-Brown_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Brown_pog.svg/24px-Brown_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span>1807 <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/18px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/24px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span>1808 <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/12px-Orange_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/18px-Orange_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Orange_pog.svg/24px-Orange_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span>1809 <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/18px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/24px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span>1810 <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/18px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/24px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span>1811</div></div></div> <p>At the <b>Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro</b> (3–5 May 1811), the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Portuguese_Army" title="Anglo-Portuguese Army">Anglo-Portuguese Army</a> under <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a> checked an attempt by the French Army of Portugal under Marshal <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na" title="André Masséna">André Masséna</a> to relieve the besieged city of <a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Almeida" title="Blockade of Almeida">Almeida</a>. </p><p>A bloody stalemate was not the sort of battle that had been expected to follow André Masséna's expulsion from <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portugal</a>. His confidence and moral authority having been much boosted by holding the <a href="/wiki/Lines_of_Torres_Vedras" title="Lines of Torres Vedras">Lines of Torres Vedras</a>, the spring of 1811 found Wellington intending to move over to the offensive, for which policy he had received de facto authorisation from his political masters in London, where talks of major reductions in the size of the army employed in Portugal had been replaced by promises of major reinforcements. </p><p>Supply difficulties, sickness amongst the troops and want of <a href="/wiki/Siege_artillery" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege artillery">siege artillery</a> ensured that in the short term no great strokes of strategy could be envisaged, but it was hoped that <a href="/wiki/Almeida,_Portugal" title="Almeida, Portugal">Almeida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Rodrigo" title="Ciudad Rodrigo">Ciudad Rodrigo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Badajoz" title="Badajoz">Badajoz</a> might be all recaptured, thereby opening the way for lightning strikes on such targets as <a href="/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca">Salamanca</a> or <a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a>. In the event, however, success was limited, the story of the rest of 1811 essentially being one of failure and frustration.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsdaile2003340–341_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsdaile2003340–341-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Special:EditPage/Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 1810, Masséna had followed the British–Portuguese back to <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a> before arriving at the Lines of Torres Vedras, but was determined to avoid storming the extensive double line of interlocking fortifications. After starving outside Lisbon through a miserable winter, the French withdrew to the Spanish border with the British–Portuguese army in pursuit. </p><p>Having first secured Portugal, Wellington then set about re-taking the fortified frontier cities of <a href="/wiki/Almeida,_Portugal" title="Almeida, Portugal">Almeida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Badajoz" title="Badajoz">Badajoz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Rodrigo" title="Ciudad Rodrigo">Ciudad Rodrigo</a>. Whilst Wellington <a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Almeida" title="Blockade of Almeida">besieged Almeida</a>, Masséna reformed his battered army and marched to relieve the French garrison in the city. Wellington chose to check the relief attempt at the small village of <a href="/wiki/Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" title="Fuentes de Oñoro">Fuentes de Oñoro</a>, leaving his line of retreat exposed in order to cover all routes to Almeida. He felt this risk was justified because the French would not have had more than a few days' supplies, whereas he had more than that. </p><p>The British–Portuguese Army had 34,000 infantry, 1,850 cavalry and 48 guns. The French had 42,000 infantry, 4,500 cavalry and 38 guns. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro_order_of_battle" title="Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro order of battle">Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro order of battle</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_French_Army_of_Portugal">The French Army of Portugal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The French Army of Portugal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Masséna's army was organised into four corps and a cavalry reserve. <a href="/wiki/Louis_Henri_Loison" title="Louis Henri Loison">Louis Henri Loison</a>'s <a href="/wiki/VI_Corps_(Grande_Arm%C3%A9e)" title="VI Corps (Grande Armée)">VI Corps</a> had three divisions, led by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Gabriel_Marchand" title="Jean Gabriel Marchand">Jean Gabriel Marchand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julien_Augustin_Joseph_Mermet" title="Julien Augustin Joseph Mermet">Julien Augustin Joseph Mermet</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Claude_Fran%C3%A7ois_Ferey" title="Claude François Ferey">Claude François Ferey</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Jean-Andoche_Junot" title="Jean-Andoche Junot">Jean-Andoche Junot</a>'s <a href="/wiki/VIII_Corps_(Grande_Arm%C3%A9e)" title="VIII Corps (Grande Armée)">VIII Corps</a>, only <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Solignac" title="Jean-Baptiste Solignac">Jean-Baptiste Solignac</a>'s division was present. <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Drouet,_Comte_d%27Erlon" title="Jean-Baptiste Drouet, Comte d'Erlon">Jean-Baptiste Drouet</a>'s <a href="/wiki/IX_Corps_(Grande_Arm%C3%A9e)" title="IX Corps (Grande Armée)">IX Corps</a> included the divisions of <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Fran%C3%A7ois_Conroux" title="Nicolas François Conroux">Nicolas François Conroux</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michel_Marie_Clapar%C3%A8de" class="mw-redirect" title="Michel Marie Claparède">Michel Marie Claparède</a>. <a href="/wiki/Louis_Pierre,_Count_Montbrun" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Pierre, Count Montbrun">Louis Pierre, Count Montbrun</a> headed the cavalry reserve. <a href="/wiki/Jean_Reynier" title="Jean Reynier">Jean Reynier</a>'s <a href="/wiki/II_Corps_(Grande_Arm%C3%A9e)" title="II Corps (Grande Armée)">II Corps</a> hovered off to the northeast, threatening Almeida with its two divisions under <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Hugues_Victoire_Merle" title="Pierre Hugues Victoire Merle">Pierre Hugues Victoire Merle</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Heudelet_de_Bierre" title="Étienne Heudelet de Bierre">Étienne Heudelet de Bierre</a>. </p><p>An 800-man cavalry force, comprising squadrons of the <i>élite</i> <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Guard_(Napoleon_I)" title="Imperial Guard (Napoleon I)">Imperial Guard</a> <a href="/wiki/Mounted_Grenadiers_of_the_Imperial_Guard" title="Mounted Grenadiers of the Imperial Guard">Mounted Grenadiers of the Imperial Guard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dragoons_of_the_Imperial_Guard" title="Dragoons of the Imperial Guard">Dragoons of the Imperial Guard</a>, was also present at the battle under the command of <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_the_Empire" title="Marshal of the Empire">Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Bessi%C3%A8res" title="Jean-Baptiste Bessières">Jean-Baptiste Bessières</a>. The reinforcements that Bessières brought were almost symbolic, even though Masséna had requested that he bring the entirety of his <a href="/wiki/Army_corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Army corps">Army corps</a> into battle.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_British–Portuguese_army"><span id="The_British.E2.80.93Portuguese_army"></span>The British–Portuguese army</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The British–Portuguese army"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wellington commanded six infantry <a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">divisions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Ashworth" title="Charles Ashworth">Charles Ashworth</a>'s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Independent_Portuguese_brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independent Portuguese brigade (page does not exist)">independent Portuguese brigade</a>, and three cavalry brigades. <a href="/wiki/Brent_Spencer" title="Brent Spencer">Brent Spencer</a> commanded the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_British_1st_Division_between_1809%E2%80%931909" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the British 1st Division between 1809–1909">1st Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Picton" title="Thomas Picton">Thomas Picton</a> the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">3rd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Houston,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir William Houston, 1st Baronet">William Houston</a> the <a href="/wiki/7th_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="7th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">7th</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Craufurd" title="Robert Craufurd">Robert Craufurd</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Light_Division_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Light Division (United Kingdom)">Light Division</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stapleton_Cotton" class="mw-redirect" title="Stapleton Cotton">Stapleton Cotton</a> commanded <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Slade,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Slade, 1st Baronet">John Slade</a>'s and Frederick von Arentschildt's brigades of cavalry. Edward Howorth supervised four British (<a href="/wiki/Ross%27_Troop" class="mw-redirect" title="Ross' Troop">Ross RHA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bull%27s_Troop" class="mw-redirect" title="Bull's Troop">Bull RHA</a>, <a href="/wiki/97_Battery_(Lawson%27s_Company)_Royal_Artillery" title="97 Battery (Lawson's Company) Royal Artillery">Lawson's RA</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=46_(Talavera)_Battery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="46 (Talavera) Battery (page does not exist)">Thompson's RA</a>) and four Portuguese (Arentschildt (2), <a href="/wiki/Da_Cunha" class="mw-redirect" title="Da Cunha">Da Cunha</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rozierres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rozierres (page does not exist)">Rozierres</a>) 6-gun batteries. <a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Erskine,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir William Erskine, 2nd Baronet">William Erskine</a> (<a href="/wiki/5th_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="5th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">5th Division</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sir_Alexander_Campbell,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Alexander Campbell, 1st Baronet">Alexander Campbell</a> (<a href="/wiki/6th_Infantry_Division_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="6th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)">6th Division</a>), and 300 Portuguese cavalry under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Count_Barbacena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Count Barbacena (page does not exist)">Count Barbacena</a> were detached, facing the <a href="/w/index.php?title=French_II_Corps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French II Corps (page does not exist)">French II Corps</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 3 May, Masséna launched a frontal assault against the British–Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Picket_(military)" title="Picket (military)">pickets</a> holding the barricaded village, while bombarding the British–Portuguese on the heights east of the village with heavy artillery. The fight in the centre of the village lasted all that day, with French soldiers of Ferey's and Marchand's divisions clashing with the British <a href="/wiki/Red_coat_(military_uniform)" title="Red coat (military uniform)">redcoats</a> of the 1st and 3rd Divisions. </p><p>At first, the British–Portuguese were driven back under immense pressure, but a charge that included men of the <a href="/wiki/71st_(Highland)_Regiment_of_Foot" title="71st (Highland) Regiment of Foot">71st Highland Light Infantry</a> reclaimed the streets and buildings lost earlier in the day. As the sun sank, the French withdrew and the village remained in British hands, with the former suffering 650 casualties against only 250 for the British. </p><p>Both sides spent 4 May recovering from the ferocity of the previous day of fighting and reconsidered their options and battle plans. A French <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">reconnaissance</a> revealed that Wellington's right flank was weakly held by a unit of <a href="/wiki/Partisan_(military)" title="Partisan (military)">partisans</a> near the hamlet of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poco_Velho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poco Velho (page does not exist)">Poco Velho</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Turner_-_No.6_Battle_of_Fuontes_d%27Ouoro,_5th_May_1811_-_B1978.43.1029_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Charles_Turner_-_No.6_Battle_of_Fuontes_d%27Ouoro%2C_5th_May_1811_-_B1978.43.1029_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg/220px-Charles_Turner_-_No.6_Battle_of_Fuontes_d%27Ouoro%2C_5th_May_1811_-_B1978.43.1029_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Charles_Turner_-_No.6_Battle_of_Fuontes_d%27Ouoro%2C_5th_May_1811_-_B1978.43.1029_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg/330px-Charles_Turner_-_No.6_Battle_of_Fuontes_d%27Ouoro%2C_5th_May_1811_-_B1978.43.1029_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Charles_Turner_-_No.6_Battle_of_Fuontes_d%27Ouoro%2C_5th_May_1811_-_B1978.43.1029_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg/440px-Charles_Turner_-_No.6_Battle_of_Fuontes_d%27Ouoro%2C_5th_May_1811_-_B1978.43.1029_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1475" /></a><figcaption>Battle of Fuontes d'Ouoro, on 5 May 1811</figcaption></figure> <p>Action began again at dawn on 5 May. Wellington had left the 7th Division exposed on his right flank. Masséna launched a heavy attack on the weak British–Portuguese flank, led by Montbrun's dragoons and supported by the infantry divisions of Marchand, Mermet, and Solignac. Right away, two 7th Division battalions were roughed up by French <a href="/wiki/Light_cavalry" title="Light cavalry">light cavalry</a>. This compelled Wellington to send reinforcements to save the 7th Division from annihilation. This was only achieved by the efforts of the Light Division and the British and <a href="/wiki/King%27s_German_Legion" title="King's German Legion">King's German Legion</a> cavalry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChartrand200277_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChartrand200277-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the threatened British–Portuguese right flank, the elite Light Division, well-supported by cavalry and artillery, made a textbook fighting withdrawal. For trifling casualties, they covered the retreat of the 7th Division and fell back into a stronger position selected by Wellington. During the retreat, whenever French artillery ventured too close, the British cavalry charged or feinted a charge. This allowed the infantry time to retreat out of range. If the French <a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">horsemen</a> pressed the outnumbered British cavalry back, the British–Portuguese infantry formed squares and their volleys drove off the French. Montbrun then requested help from the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Guard_(Napoleon_I)" title="Imperial Guard (Napoleon I)">Imperial Guard</a> cavalry, which were present but had not yet been committed to battle. </p><p>Time was of the essence and Masséna at once sent one of his <i><a href="/wiki/Aide-de-camp" title="Aide-de-camp">aides-de-camp</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Oudinot" title="Charles Oudinot">Charles Oudinot</a>, the son of <a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_the_Empire" title="Marshal of the Empire">Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Oudinot" title="Nicolas Oudinot">Nicolas Oudinot, Duke of Reggio</a>, with orders to bring forward the Guard cavalry. The young Oudinot hastily set off and Masséna was impatiently checking his watch, pressed to commit this cavalry to what he believed was a decisive action of the battle. Much to the general staff's stupefaction, Oudinot was soon seen returning without any cavalry following him. As soon as he saw him, Masséna furiously shouted from afar: "Where is the cavalry of the Guard?". The sweaty, dust-covered Oudinot needed a moment to catch his breath after his exhausting gallop but then explained that he was not able to fetch it. Oudinot had encountered the Guard cavalry second-in-command, General <a href="/wiki/Louis_Lepic" title="Louis Lepic">Louis Lepic</a>, who sharply refused to commit his men, saying that he only recognised the Duke of Istria (Bessières) as commander and that without explicit orders from its commander, the Guard Horse Grenadiers and Dragoons would not draw their swords. In a staggering display of treachery, Bessières was absent from the field of battle, needlessly inspecting a series of ditches where the French army had passed a few days before. Unable to find the commander of the Guard in time, Masséna was forced to admit that the opportunity was lost.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two incidents spoiled this otherwise fine accomplishment for the British–Portuguese. One occurred when a British <a href="/wiki/14th_King%27s_Hussars" title="14th King's Hussars">14th Light Dragoon</a> squadron pressed home a frontal attack on a French artillery battery and was mauled. In the second case, French cavalry caught some companies of the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Foot_Guards" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Foot Guards">3rd Foot Guards</a> in skirmish order and inflicted 100 casualties. </p><p>Masséna, however, still aimed primarily to secure Fuentes de Oñoro. He sent forward massed columns of infantry from Ferey's division. The village, filled with low stone walls, provided excellent cover for the British line infantry and skirmishers, while the French were severely restricted in the little narrow streets. At first, the French had some success, wiping out two companies of the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Own_Cameron_Highlanders" title="Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders">79th Foot</a> and wounding the regiment's commander, Lieutenant-Colonel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philips_Cameron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philips Cameron (page does not exist)">Philips Cameron</a>, who died some days later.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGuiganBurnham2017[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid64ElDwAAQBAJpgPA1855-IA14_1855]_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGuiganBurnham2017[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid64ElDwAAQBAJpgPA1855-IA14_1855]-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But a counterattack chased Ferey's men out of the village. </p><p>General d'Erlon launched a second attack on the village. This time, it was led by three battalions of converging grenadiers from the <a href="/wiki/IX_Corps_(Grande_Arm%C3%A9e)" title="IX Corps (Grande Armée)">IX Corps</a>. With their old-fashioned <a href="/wiki/Bearskin" title="Bearskin">bearskin</a> hats, the grenadiers were mistaken for the Imperial Guard. Again, the British fell back. d'Erlon threw in about half of the battalions from both <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Fran%C3%A7ois_Conroux" title="Nicolas François Conroux">Conroux</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michel_Clapar%C3%A8de" title="Michel Claparède">Claparède</a>'s divisions, seizing almost the entire village. </p><p>In response, Wellington counterattacked with units from the 1st and 3rd Divisions, plus the Portuguese 6th <i><a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%A7adores" title="Caçadores">Caçadores</a></i>, led by the <a href="/wiki/88th_Regiment_of_Foot_(Connaught_Rangers)" title="88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers)">88th Connaught Rangers Foot</a>. This broke d'Erlon's attack, and the tide began to turn. Low on ammunition, the French had to resort to the bayonet in a futile attempt to drive the British back. One party of 100 grenadiers was trapped in a tight spot and killed. Facing murderous volleys, the French halted and retreated back to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dos_Casas_(village)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dos Casas (village) (page does not exist)">Dos Casas</a>, leaving their casualties behind.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGates2001269_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGates2001269-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By sunset, French morale had plummeted and many companies were down to 40% strength. </p><p>The French artillery tried to bombard the new British line into submission, but they were outgunned by Wellington's cannons. Finally, with their artillery ammunition dangerously low, the French attacks came to an end. Wellington's men entrenched during the evening. After spending the next three days parading before the British position, Masséna gave up the attempt and retreated to Ciudad Rodrigo.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGates2001269_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGates2001269-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was furious because Bessières had refused to fetch ammunition from the <a href="/wiki/Citadel" title="Citadel">citadel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongford1969300_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELongford1969300-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Consequences">Consequences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Consequences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wellington had repelled Napoleon's Army of Portugal, inflicting a great number of casualties, and was able to continue his blockade of Almeida. The numbers of losses vary according to different sources, from 2,200<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeller1969166_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeller1969166-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPaget1996133_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPaget1996133-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOman1911340_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOman1911340-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 2,800 French compared to the loss of 1,800 British–Portuguese, while another historian stated there were 2,800 French and 1,800 British–Portuguese losses.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he acknowledged how dangerous the situation had been, saying later, "If <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Boney</a> had been there, we should have been beat."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlover2001155_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlover2001155-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Russian historian <a href="/wiki/Oleg_Sokolov" title="Oleg Sokolov">Oleg Sokolov</a> noted that Wellington had committed a serious strategic error by following the French into northern Portugal, and that this decision could have had grievous consequences for the British–Portuguese. Sokolov adds that, despite the various setbacks that he encountered before and during the battle, Masséna was still able to check Wellington's position at Fuentes de Oñoro.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wellington himself did not mark the battle as a victory; he also considered that he had unnecessarily extended his line, putting the 7th Division and Light Division in danger. </p><p>Two nights after Masséna's withdrawal, <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Fran%C3%A7ois_Brenier_de_Montmorand" title="Antoine François Brenier de Montmorand">Antoine Brenier</a>'s 1,400-man French garrison of <a href="/wiki/Almeida,_Portugal" title="Almeida, Portugal">Almeida</a> slipped through the British–Portuguese lines during the night. About 360 French troops were captured, but the rest escaped when their British pursuers ran into a French ambush. This fiasco was blamed on Erskine and others. An infuriated Wellington wrote, "I have never been so much distressed by any military event as by the escape of even a man of them."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlover2001155_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlover2001155-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On reaching Ciudad Rodrigo, Masséna was recalled to Paris by a furious Napoleon to explain his actions (although Napoleon had issued the order to return prior to the battle). He was replaced by Marshal <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Marmont" class="mw-redirect" title="Auguste Marmont">Auguste Marmont</a>. Masséna set off for France with a vast sum of gold, looted from Portugal and Spain. The defeated French marshal complained that Wellington "had not left him one black hair on his body—he had turned grey all over."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlover2001149_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlover2001149-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This battle also included a notable <a href="/wiki/Friendly_fire" title="Friendly fire">friendly fire</a> incident when a French infantry unit mistook their allies, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanoverian_Legion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanoverian Legion (page does not exist)">Hanoverian Legion</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_hanovrienne" class="extiw" title="fr:Légion hanovrienne">fr</a>]</span>, for an English battalion and opened fire on them. The unfortunate Hanoverians retreated hastily past the village, leaving over 100 dead.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEnapoleonistyka2021_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEnapoleonistyka2021-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The confusion came about because the Hanoverian Legion wore red coats, and in the smoke and heat of battle the finer details of uniforms that might have distinguished them from British line infantry were easily overlooked. </p><p>Wellington commended his troops for their generosity after the battle, writing, "The village of Fuentes de Oñoro having been the field of battle the other day, and not having been much improved by this circumstance, they immediately and voluntarily subscribed to raise a sum of money, to be given to the inhabitants as a compensation for the damage which their properties have sustained in the contest."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlover2001151_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlover2001151-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The battle is included in the list of French victories on the <a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a> as FUENTE D'OŨORO, despite being a tactical draw and strategic defeat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_fiction">In fiction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Cornwell" title="Bernard Cornwell">Cornwell, Bernard</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sharpe%27s_Battle" title="Sharpe's Battle">Sharpe's Battle</a></i>, HarperCollins, 1995, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-00-224307-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-00-224307-5">0-00-224307-5</a>. The book includes most of the events of the battle and a description of the British right-wing withdrawal conducted under the Light Division's commander Robert Craufurd. The novel has several fictional characters, but includes actual historic people, such as Wellington and Massena.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBodart1908424_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBodart1908">Bodart 1908</a>, p. 424.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGates2001503-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGates2001503_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGates2001">Gates 2001</a>, p. 503.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOman1911340-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOman1911340_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOman1911340_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOman1911340_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOman1911">Oman 1911</a>, p. 340.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1998358–361_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1998">Smith 1998</a>, pp. 358–361.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsdaile2003340–341-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsdaile2003340–341_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEsdaile2003">Esdaile 2003</a>, pp. 340–341.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESokolov2005455_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSokolov2005">Sokolov 2005</a>, p. 455.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChartrand200277-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChartrand200277_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChartrand2002">Chartrand 2002</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGuiganBurnham2017[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid64ElDwAAQBAJpgPA1855-IA14_1855]-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcGuiganBurnham2017[httpsbooksgooglecombooksid64ElDwAAQBAJpgPA1855-IA14_1855]_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcGuiganBurnham2017">McGuigan & Burnham 2017</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=64ElDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1855-IA14">1855</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGates2001269-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGates2001269_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGates2001269_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGates2001">Gates 2001</a>, p. 269.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELongford1969300-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELongford1969300_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLongford1969">Longford 1969</a>, p. 300.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeller1969166-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeller1969166_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeller1969">Weller 1969</a>, p. 166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPaget1996133-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPaget1996133_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPaget1996">Paget 1996</a>, p. 133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlover2001155-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlover2001155_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlover2001155_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGlover2001">Glover 2001</a>, p. 155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlover2001149-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlover2001149_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGlover2001">Glover 2001</a>, p. 149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEnapoleonistyka2021-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEnapoleonistyka2021_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFnapoleonistyka2021">napoleonistyka 2021</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlover2001151-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlover2001151_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGlover2001">Glover 2001</a>, p. 151.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBodart1908" class="citation book cs1">Bodart, Gaston (1908). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_A0kNAAAAYAAJ"><i>Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618–1905)</i></a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Milit%C3%A4r-historisches+Kriegs-Lexikon+%281618%E2%80%931905%29&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Bodart&rft.aufirst=Gaston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_A0kNAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChartrand2002" class="citation book cs1">Chartrand, René (2002). <i>Fuentes de Oñoro: Wellington's Liberation of Portugal</i>. Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84176-311-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84176-311-8"><bdi>978-1-84176-311-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro%3A+Wellington%27s+Liberation+of+Portugal&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-84176-311-8&rft.aulast=Chartrand&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsdaile2003" class="citation book cs1">Esdaile, Charles (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3huwPLzjzYYC&pg=PA340"><i>The Peninsular War: A New History</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4039-6231-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4039-6231-7"><bdi>978-1-4039-6231-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Peninsular+War%3A+A+New+History&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-4039-6231-7&rft.aulast=Esdaile&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3huwPLzjzYYC%26pg%3DPA340&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGates2001" class="citation book cs1">Gates, David (2001). <i>The Spanish Ulcer: A History of the Peninsular War</i>. Da Capo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-306-81083-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-306-81083-2"><bdi>0-306-81083-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spanish+Ulcer%3A+A+History+of+the+Peninsular+War&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-306-81083-2&rft.aulast=Gates&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlover2001" class="citation book cs1">Glover, Michael (2001). <i>The Peninsular War 1807–1814</i>. London: Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-139041-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-139041-7"><bdi>0-14-139041-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Peninsular+War+1807%E2%80%931814&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-14-139041-7&rft.aulast=Glover&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLongford1969" class="citation book cs1">Longford, Elizabeth (1969). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wellington00long_0"><i>Wellington: The Years of the Sword</i></a></span>. Harper & Row.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wellington%3A+The+Years+of+the+Sword&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Longford&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwellington00long_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGuiganBurnham2017" class="citation book cs1">McGuigan, Ron; Burnham, Robert (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=64ElDwAAQBAJ"><i>Wellington's Brigade Commanders: Peninsula & Waterloo</i></a>. Casemate. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4738-5080-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4738-5080-4"><bdi>978-1-4738-5080-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wellington%27s+Brigade+Commanders%3A+Peninsula+%26+Waterloo&rft.pub=Casemate&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-4738-5080-4&rft.aulast=McGuigan&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft.au=Burnham%2C+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D64ElDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFnapoleonistyka2021" class="citation web cs1">napoleonistyka (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210519033906/http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/infantry_tactics_2.htm">"Infantry Tactics and Combat"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/infantry_tactics_2.htm">the original</a> on 19 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Infantry+Tactics+and+Combat&rft.date=2021&rft.au=napoleonistyka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnapoleonistyka.atspace.com%2Finfantry_tactics_2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOman1911" class="citation book cs1">Oman, (Sir) Charles (1911). <i>A History of the Peninsular War</i>. Vol. 4. London: Clarendon Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Peninsular+War&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Oman&rft.aufirst=%28Sir%29+Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaget1996" class="citation book cs1">Paget, Julian (1996). <i>Wellington's Peninsular War – Battles and Battlefields</i>. London. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85052-603-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-85052-603-5"><bdi>0-85052-603-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wellington%27s+Peninsular+War+%E2%80%93+Battles+and+Battlefields&rft.place=London&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-85052-603-5&rft.aulast=Paget&rft.aufirst=Julian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1998" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Digby (1998). <i>The Napoleonic Wars Data Book</i>. Greenhill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1853672769" title="Special:BookSources/1853672769"><bdi>1853672769</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Napoleonic+Wars+Data+Book&rft.pub=Greenhill&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1853672769&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Digby&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSokolov2005" class="citation book cs1">Sokolov, Oleg (2005). <i>L'armée de Napoléon</i>. Éditions Commios. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-9518364-1-4" title="Special:BookSources/2-9518364-1-4"><bdi>2-9518364-1-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27arm%C3%A9e+de+Napol%C3%A9on&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+Commios&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=2-9518364-1-4&rft.aulast=Sokolov&rft.aufirst=Oleg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeller1969" class="citation book cs1">Weller, Jac (1969). <i>Wellington in the Peninsula, 1808–1814</i>. London: Neudruck. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7182-0730-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7182-0730-0"><bdi>0-7182-0730-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wellington+in+the+Peninsula%2C+1808%E2%80%931814&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Neudruck&rft.date=1969&rft.isbn=0-7182-0730-0&rft.aulast=Weller&rft.aufirst=Jac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrialmont1858" class="citation book cs1">Brialmont, Alexis Henri (1858). <i>History of the life of Arthur, duke of Wellington</i>. Vol. 1. London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+life+of+Arthur%2C+duke+of+Wellington&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Longman%2C+Brown%2C+Green%2C+Longmans%2C+%26+Roberts&rft.date=1858&rft.aulast=Brialmont&rft.aufirst=Alexis+Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurrie1934" class="citation book cs1">Currie, Laurence (1934). <i>The bâton in the knapsack: new light on Napoleon and his marshals</i>. John Murray.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+b%C3%A2ton+in+the+knapsack%3A+new+light+on+Napoleon+and+his+marshals&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1934&rft.aulast=Currie&rft.aufirst=Laurence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFletcher1994" class="citation journal cs1">Fletcher, Ian (1994). "Wellington's Regiments: The Men and Their Battles, 1808–15". <i>The History Press Ltd</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-873376-06-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-873376-06-5"><bdi>1-873376-06-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+History+Press+Ltd&rft.atitle=Wellington%27s+Regiments%3A+The+Men+and+Their+Battles%2C+1808%E2%80%9315&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=1-873376-06-5&rft.aulast=Fletcher&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaxwell1900" class="citation book cs1">Maxwell, (Sir) Herbert (1900). <i>The life of Wellington: The restoration of the martial power of Great Britain</i>. Vol. 1. S. Low, Marston.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+life+of+Wellington%3A+The+restoration+of+the+martial+power+of+Great+Britain&rft.pub=S.+Low%2C+Marston&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Maxwell&rft.aufirst=%28Sir%29+Herbert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOman1902d" class="citation book cs1">Oman, Sir Charles William Chadwick (1902d). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofpeninsu04oman"><i>A History of the Peninsular War</i></a></span>. Vol. IV. Oxford: Clarendon Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Peninsular+War&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1902&rft.aulast=Oman&rft.aufirst=Sir+Charles+William+Chadwick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofpeninsu04oman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParkinson2000" class="citation book cs1">Parkinson, Roger, ed. (2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/peninsularwar0000park"><i>The Peninsular War</i></a></span>. Wordsworth. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84022-228-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84022-228-9"><bdi>978-1-84022-228-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Peninsular+War&rft.pub=Wordsworth&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-84022-228-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpeninsularwar0000park&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZimmermann1978" class="citation book cs1">Zimmermann, Dick (1978). <i>The Battle of Bussaco</i>. Wargamer's Digest.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Battle+of+Bussaco&rft.pub=Wargamer%27s+Digest&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=Zimmermann&rft.aufirst=Dick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fuentes+de+O%C3%B1oro" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishbattles.com/peninsula/fuentes.htm">Brief account of the battle including British order of battle</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Battle_of_Fuentes_de_O%C3%B1oro" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro">Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear: both;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Preceded by<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Almeida" title="Blockade of Almeida">Blockade of Almeida</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><b>Napoleonic Wars</b><br />Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">Succeeded by<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tarragona_(1811)" title="Siege of Tarragona (1811)">Siege of Tarragona (1811)</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Napoleonic_Wars20299" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template:Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Napoleonic_Wars" title="Template talk:Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Napoleonic_Wars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Napoleonic Wars"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Napoleonic_Wars20299" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Third_Coalition" title="War of the Third Coalition">Third Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fourth_Coalition" title="War of the Fourth Coalition">Fourth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Peninsular War</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Fifth_Coalition" title="War of the Fifth Coalition">Fifth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia">French Invasion of Russia</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Sixth_Coalition" title="War of the Sixth Coalition">Sixth Coalition</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days" title="Hundred Days">Seventh Coalition</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Belli-<br />gerents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">France,<br /><a href="/wiki/Sister_republic" title="Sister republic">client states</a><br />and allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Legions_(Napoleonic_era)" title="Polish Legions (Napoleonic era)">Polish Legions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Holland" title="Kingdom of Holland">Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Etruria" title="Kingdom of Etruria">Etruria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland_in_the_Napoleonic_era#Act_of_Mediation" title="Switzerland in the Napoleonic era">Swiss Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples#Napoleonic_Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Rhine" title="Confederation of the Rhine">Confederation of the Rhine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony#The_Napoleonic_Era_and_the_German_Confederation" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Westphalia" title="Kingdom of Westphalia">Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Württemberg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain_under_Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Spain under Joseph Bonaparte">Spain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Coalition_forces_of_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Coalition forces of the Napoleonic Wars">Coalition<br />forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qajar_dynasty" title="Qajar dynasty">Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden#Swedish_Empire" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="United Kingdom of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brunswick" title="Duchy of Brunswick">Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Hanover" title="Electorate of Hanover">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Nassau#Duchy_of_Nassau" title="Duchy of Nassau">Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">French Royalists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Major<br />battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">Prelude</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_First_Coalition" title="War of the First Coalition">First Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Second_Coalition" title="War of the Second Coalition">Second Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup_of_18_Brumaire" title="Coup of 18 Brumaire">18 Brumaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon%27s_planned_invasion_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom">Planned invasion of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Enghien" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien">Duc d'Enghien Execution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="Coronation of Napoleon">Coronation of Napoleon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1805</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Diamond_Rock" title="Battle of Diamond Rock">Diamond Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Finisterre_(1805)" title="Battle of Cape Finisterre (1805)">Cape Finisterre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wertingen" title="Battle of Wertingen">Wertingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_G%C3%BCnzburg" title="Battle of Günzburg">Günzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Haslach-Jungingen" title="Battle of Haslach-Jungingen">Haslach-Jungingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elchingen" title="Battle of Elchingen">Elchingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ulm" title="Battle of Ulm">Ulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Verona_(1805)" title="Battle of Verona (1805)">Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">Trafalgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caldiero_(1805)" title="Battle of Caldiero (1805)">Caldiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_Ortegal" title="Battle of Cape Ortegal">Cape Ortegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Amstetten" title="Battle of Amstetten">Amstetten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_D%C3%BCrenstein" title="Battle of Dürenstein">Dürenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sch%C3%B6ngrabern" title="Battle of Schöngrabern">Schöngrabern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Austerlitz" title="Battle of Austerlitz">Austerlitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1806</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gaeta_(1806)" title="Siege of Gaeta (1806)">Gaeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Campo_Tenese" title="Battle of Campo Tenese">Campo Tenese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maida" title="Battle of Maida">Maida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schleiz" title="Battle of Schleiz">Schleiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saalfeld" title="Battle of Saalfeld">Saalfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jena%E2%80%93Auerstedt" title="Battle of Jena–Auerstedt">Jena–Auerstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Erfurt" title="Capitulation of Erfurt">Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Halle" title="Battle of Halle">Halle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Magdeburg_(1806)" title="Siege of Magdeburg (1806)">Magdeburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Prenzlau" title="Battle of Prenzlau">Prenzlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Pasewalk" title="Capitulation of Pasewalk">Pasewalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitulation_of_Stettin" title="Capitulation of Stettin">Stettin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waren-Nossentin" title="Battle of Waren-Nossentin">Waren-Nossentin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCbeck" title="Battle of Lübeck">Lübeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Poland_uprising_(1806)" title="Greater Poland uprising (1806)">Greater Poland uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hamelin" title="Siege of Hamelin">Hamelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Czarnowo" title="Battle of Czarnowo">Czarnowo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Golymin" title="Battle of Golymin">Golymin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pu%C5%82tusk_(1806)" title="Battle of Pułtusk (1806)">Pułtusk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1807</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mohrungen" title="Battle of Mohrungen">Mohrungen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eylau" title="Battle of Eylau">Eylau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ostro%C5%82%C4%99ka_(1807)" title="Battle of Ostrołęka (1807)">Ostrołęka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kolberg_(1807)" title="Siege of Kolberg (1807)">Kolberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Danzig_(1807)" title="Siege of Danzig (1807)">Danzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sortie_of_Stralsund" title="Great Sortie of Stralsund">Stralsund I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mileto" title="Battle of Mileto">Mileto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guttstadt-Deppen" title="Battle of Guttstadt-Deppen">Guttstadt-Deppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Heilsberg" title="Battle of Heilsberg">Heilsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Friedland" title="Battle of Friedland">Friedland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Stralsund_(1807)" title="Siege of Stralsund (1807)">Stralsund II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Copenhagen_(1807)" title="Battle of Copenhagen (1807)">Copenhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Portugal_(1807)" title="Invasion of Portugal (1807)">Invasion of Portugal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1808</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dos_de_Mayo_Uprising" title="Dos de Mayo Uprising">Dos de Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_El_Bruch" title="Battles of El Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Rosily_Squadron" title="Capture of the Rosily Squadron">Rosily Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cabez%C3%B3n" title="Battle of Cabezón">Cabezón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zaragoza_(1808)" title="Siege of Zaragoza (1808)">1st Zaragoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valencia_(1808)" title="Battle of Valencia (1808)">Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Medina_de_Rioseco" title="Battle of Medina de Rioseco">Medina de Rioseco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bail%C3%A9n" title="Battle of Bailén">Bailén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Roli%C3%A7a" title="Battle of Roliça">Roliça</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vimeiro" title="Battle of Vimeiro">Vimeiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zornoza" title="Battle of Zornoza">Zornoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valmaseda" title="Battle of Valmaseda">Valmaseda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Burgos" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Burgos">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Espinosa_de_los_Monteros" title="Battle of Espinosa de los Monteros">Espinosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tudela" title="Battle of Tudela">Tudela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Somosierra" title="Battle of Somosierra">Somosierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zaragoza_(1809)" title="Siege of Zaragoza (1809)">2nd Zaragoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sahag%C3%BAn" title="Battle of Sahagún">Sahagún</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Benavente" title="Battle of Benavente">Benavente</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1809</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castell%C3%B3n" title="Battle of Castellón">Castellón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ucl%C3%A9s_(1809)" title="Battle of Uclés (1809)">Uclés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Corunna" title="Battle of Corunna">Corunna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valls" title="Battle of Valls">Valls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrolean_Rebellion" title="Tyrolean Rebellion">Tyrolean Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villafranca_(1809)" title="Battle of Villafranca (1809)">Villafranca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Los_Y%C3%A9benes" title="Battle of Los Yébenes">Yevenes/Yébenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ciudad_Real" title="Battle of Ciudad Real">Ciudad Real</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Porto" title="First Battle of Porto">1st Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Medell%C3%ADn" title="Battle of Medellín">Medellín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Bergisel" title="Battles of Bergisel">Bergisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sacile" title="Battle of Sacile">Sacile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Teugen-Hausen" title="Battle of Teugen-Hausen">Teugen-Hausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raszyn_(1809)" title="Battle of Raszyn (1809)">Raszyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Abensberg" title="Battle of Abensberg">Abensberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landshut_(1809)" title="Battle of Landshut (1809)">Landshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eckm%C3%BChl" title="Battle of Eckmühl">Eckmühl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ratisbon" title="Battle of Ratisbon">Ratisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neumarkt-Sankt_Veit" title="Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit">Neumarkt-Sankt Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatian_Campaign_(1809)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalmatian Campaign (1809)">Dalmatian Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ebelsberg" title="Battle of Ebelsberg">Ebelsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_siege_of_Girona_(Peninsular_War)" title="Third siege of Girona (Peninsular War)">Girona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piave_River_(1809)" title="Battle of Piave River (1809)">Piave River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grij%C3%B3" title="Battle of Grijó">Grijó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Porto" title="Second Battle of Porto">2nd Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_W%C3%B6rgl" title="Battle of Wörgl">Wörgl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tarvis_(1809)" title="Battle of Tarvis (1809)">Tarvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aspern-Essling" title="Battle of Aspern-Essling">Aspern-Essling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alca%C3%B1iz" title="Battle of Alcañiz">Alcañiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sankt_Michael" title="Battle of Sankt Michael">Sankt Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stralsund_(1809)" title="Battle of Stralsund (1809)">Stralsund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raab_(1809)" title="Battle of Raab (1809)">Raab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mar%C3%ADa" title="Battle of María">María</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Graz" title="Battle of Graz">Graz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wagram" title="Battle of Wagram">Wagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Korneuburg" title="Combat of Korneuburg">Korneuburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Stockerau" title="Combat of Stockerau">Stockerau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gefrees" title="Battle of Gefrees">Gefrees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hollabrunn_(1809)" title="Battle of Hollabrunn (1809)">Hollabrunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Sch%C3%B6ngrabern" title="Combat of Schöngrabern">Schöngrabern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Znaim" class="mw-redirect" title="Armistice of Znaim">Armistice of Znaim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Talavera" title="Battle of Talavera">Talavera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walcheren_Campaign" title="Walcheren Campaign">Walcheren Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C3%96lper_(1809)" title="Battle of Ölper (1809)">Ölper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Almonacid" title="Battle of Almonacid">Almonacid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tamames" title="Battle of Tamames">Tamames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oca%C3%B1a" title="Battle of Ocaña">Ocaña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alba_de_Tormes" title="Battle of Alba de Tormes">Alba de Tormes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1810</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_C%C3%A1diz" title="Siege of Cádiz">Cádiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Astorga" title="Siege of Astorga">Astorga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ciudad_Rodrigo_(1810)" title="Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1810)">Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Barquilla_(1810)" title="Combat of Barquilla (1810)">Barquilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_the_C%C3%B4a" title="Combat of the Côa">Côa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Almeida_(1810)" title="Siege of Almeida (1810)">Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bussaco" title="Battle of Bussaco">Bussaco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1811</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Gebora" title="Battle of the Gebora">Gebora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Barrosa" title="Battle of Barrosa">Barrosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pombal" title="Battle of Pombal">Pombal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Redinha" title="Battle of Redinha">Redinha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Casal_Novo" title="Battle of Casal Novo">Casal Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Campo_Maior" title="Battle of Campo Maior">Campo Maior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sabugal" title="Battle of Sabugal">Sabugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Almeida" title="Blockade of Almeida">Almeida</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fuentes de Oñoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tarragona_(1811)" title="Siege of Tarragona (1811)">Tarragona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Albuera" title="Battle of Albuera">Albuera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Usagre" title="Battle of Usagre">Usagre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saguntum" title="Battle of Saguntum">Saguntum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arroyo_dos_Molinos" title="Battle of Arroyo dos Molinos">Arroyo dos Molinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Valencia_(1812)" title="Siege of Valencia (1812)">Valencia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1812</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ciudad_Rodrigo_(1812)" title="Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1812)">Ciudad Rodrigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Badajoz_(1812)" title="Siege of Badajoz (1812)">Badajoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Villagarcia" title="Battle of Villagarcia">Villagarcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Almaraz" title="Battle of Almaraz">Almaraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maguilla" title="Battle of Maguilla">Maguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mir_(1812)" title="Battle of Mir (1812)">Mir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ekau" title="Battle of Ekau">Ekau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamanca" title="Battle of Salamanca">Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Garc%C3%ADa_Hern%C3%A1ndez" title="Battle of García Hernández">García Hernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saltanovka" title="Battle of Saltanovka">Saltanovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ostrovno" title="Battle of Ostrovno">Ostrovno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vitebsk_(1812)" title="Battle of Vitebsk (1812)">Vitebsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kobrin" title="Battle of Kobrin">Kobryn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Klyastitsy" title="Battle of Klyastitsy">Klyastitsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Majadahonda" title="Battle of Majadahonda">Majadahonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gorodechno" title="Battle of Gorodechno">Gorodechno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Smolensk_(1812)" title="Battle of Smolensk (1812)">Smolensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Polotsk" title="First Battle of Polotsk">1st Polotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Valutino" title="Battle of Valutino">Valutino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mesoten" title="Battle of Mesoten">Mesoten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borodino" title="Battle of Borodino">Borodino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_occupation_of_Moscow" title="French occupation of Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Burgos" title="Siege of Burgos">Burgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tarutino" title="Battle of Tarutino">Tarutino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Polotsk" title="Second Battle of Polotsk">2nd Polotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Venta_del_Pozo" title="Battle of Venta del Pozo">Venta del Pozo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maloyaroslavets" title="Battle of Maloyaroslavets">Maloyaroslavets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chashniki" title="Battle of Chashniki">Chashniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vyazma" title="Battle of Vyazma">Vyazma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Smoliani" title="Battle of Smoliani">Smoliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krasnoi" title="Battle of Krasnoi">Krasnoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Berezina" title="Battle of Berezina">Berezina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1813</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castalla" title="Battle of Castalla">Castalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCtzen_(1813)" title="Battle of Lützen (1813)">Lützen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bautzen_(1813)" title="Battle of Bautzen (1813)">Bautzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tarragona_(1813)" title="Siege of Tarragona (1813)">Tarragona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Luckau" title="Battle of Luckau">Luckau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vitoria" title="Battle of Vitoria">Vitoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="Siege of San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Pyrenees" title="Battle of the Pyrenees">Pyrenees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sorauren" title="Battle of Sorauren">Sorauren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gro%C3%9Fbeeren" title="Battle of Großbeeren">Großbeeren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Katzbach" title="Battle of the Katzbach">Katzbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dresden" title="Battle of Dresden">Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kulm" title="Battle of Kulm">1st Kulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Marcial" title="Battle of San Marcial">San Marcial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dennewitz" title="Battle of Dennewitz">Dennewitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kulm" title="Second Battle of Kulm">2nd Kulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_G%C3%B6hrde" title="Battle of the Göhrde">Göhrde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_of_Ro%C3%9Flau" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat of Roßlau">Roßlau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wartenburg" title="Battle of Wartenburg">Wartenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bidassoa" title="Battle of the Bidassoa">Bidassoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leipzig" title="Battle of Leipzig">Leipzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hanau" title="Battle of Hanau">Hanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nivelle" title="Battle of Nivelle">Nivelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bornh%C3%B6ved_(1813)" title="Battle of Bornhöved (1813)">Bornhöved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sehested" title="Battle of Sehested">Sehested</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1814</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brienne" title="Battle of Brienne">Brienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Rothi%C3%A8re" title="Battle of La Rothière">La Rothière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mincio_River_(1814)" title="Battle of the Mincio River (1814)">Mincio River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Champaubert" title="Battle of Champaubert">Champaubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montmirail" title="Battle of Montmirail">Montmirail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ch%C3%A2teau-Thierry_(1814)" title="Battle of Château-Thierry (1814)">Château-Thierry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vauchamps" title="Battle of Vauchamps">Vauchamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Garris" title="Battle of Garris">Garris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mormant" title="Battle of Mormant">Mormant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montereau" title="Battle of Montereau">Montereau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Orthez" title="Battle of Orthez">Orthez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bar-sur-Aube" title="Battle of Bar-sur-Aube">Bar-sur-Aube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Laon" title="Battle of Laon">Laon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Reims_(1814)" title="Battle of Reims (1814)">Reims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Craonne" title="Battle of Craonne">Craonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arcis-sur-Aube" title="Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube">Arcis-sur-Aube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_F%C3%A8re-Champenoise" title="Battle of Fère-Champenoise">Fère-Champenoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint-Dizier" title="Battle of Saint-Dizier">Saint-Dizier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Battle of Paris (1814)">Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Battle of Paris (1814)">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toulouse_(1814)" title="Battle of Toulouse (1814)">Toulouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bayonne" title="Battle of Bayonne">Bayonne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">1815</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Panaro" title="Battle of the Panaro">Panaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Occhiobello" title="Battle of Occhiobello">Occhiobello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Carpi_(1815)" title="Battle of Carpi (1815)">Carpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Casaglia" title="Battle of Casaglia">Casaglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ronco" title="Battle of Ronco">Ronco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cesenatico" title="Battle of Cesenatico">Cesenatico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pesaro" title="Battle of Pesaro">Pesaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Scapezzano" title="Battle of Scapezzano">Scapezzano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolentino" title="Battle of Tolentino">Tolentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ancona" title="Siege of Ancona">Ancona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castel_di_Sangro" title="Battle of Castel di Sangro">Castel di Sangro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Germano" title="Battle of San Germano">San Germano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gaeta_(1815)" title="Siege of Gaeta (1815)">Gaeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Quatre_Bras" title="Battle of Quatre Bras">Quatre Bras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ligny" title="Battle of Ligny">Ligny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wavre" title="Battle of Wavre">Wavre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rocheserviere" title="Battle of Rocheserviere">Rocheserviere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Suffel" title="Battle of La Suffel">La Suffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rocquencourt" title="Battle of Rocquencourt">Rocquencourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Issy" title="Battle of Issy">Issy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Info</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">French and ally<br />military and<br />political leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Alexandre_Berthier" title="Louis-Alexandre Berthier">Louis-Alexandre Berthier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Murat" title="Joachim Murat">Joachim Murat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Nicolas_Davout" title="Louis-Nicolas Davout">Louis-Nicolas Davout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lannes" title="Jean Lannes">Jean Lannes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_de_Marmont" title="Auguste de Marmont">Auguste de Marmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Mass%C3%A9na" title="André Masséna">André Masséna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Ney" title="Michel Ney">Michel Ney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-de-Dieu_Soult" title="Jean-de-Dieu Soult">Jean-de-Dieu Soult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Victor-Perrin,_Duc_de_Belluno" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno">Marshal Victor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Bessi%C3%A8res" title="Jean-Baptiste Bessières">Jean-Baptiste Bessières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Charles_Villeneuve" title="Pierre-Charles Villeneuve">Pierre-Charles Villeneuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bonaparte" title="Louis Bonaparte">Louis Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte">Jérôme Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Poniatowski" title="Józef Poniatowski">Prince Poniatowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Beauharnais" title="Eugène de Beauharnais">Prince Eugène</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_Joseph_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria">Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_I_of_Saxony" title="Frederick Augustus I of Saxony">Frederick Augustus I of Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Frederick I of Württemberg">Frederick I of Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">Frederick VI of Denmark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Coalition<br />military and<br />political leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Duke of Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowland_Hill,_1st_Viscount_Hill" title="Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill">Rowland Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moore_(British_Army_officer)" title="John Moore (British Army officer)">John Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Nelson,_1st_Viscount_Nelson" title="Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson">Horatio Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cochrane,_10th_Earl_of_Dundonald" title="Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald">Thomas Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Lape%C3%B1a" title="Manuel Lapeña">Manuel Lapeña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Charles,_Duke_of_Teschen" title="Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen">Archduke Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Philipp,_Prince_of_Schwarzenberg" title="Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg">Prince von Schwarzenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_John_of_Austria" title="Archduke John of Austria">Archduke John of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Kutuzov" title="Mikhail Kutuzov">Mikhail Kutuzov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Andreas_Barclay_de_Tolly" title="Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly">Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levin_August_von_Bennigsen" title="Levin August von Bennigsen">Count Bennigsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Bagration" title="Pyotr Bagration">Pyotr Bagration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wittgenstein" title="Peter Wittgenstein">Peter Wittgenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_III_of_Prussia" title="Frederick William III of Prussia">Frederick William III of Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gebhard_Leberecht_von_Bl%C3%BCcher" title="Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher">Gebhard von Blücher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_William_Ferdinand,_Duke_of_Brunswick" title="Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick">Duke of Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Louis,_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen">Prince of Hohenlohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand VII of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Ricardo_de_%C3%81lava" title="Miguel Ricardo de Álava">Miguel de Álava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_I_of_Portugal" title="Maria I of Portugal">Maria I of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal" title="John VI of Portugal">Prince Regent John of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Pereira_Forjaz,_Count_of_Feira" class="mw-redirect" title="Miguel Pereira Forjaz, Count of Feira">Count of Feira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_I_of_the_Netherlands" title="William I of the Netherlands">William, Prince of Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies">Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_IV_Adolf" title="Gustav IV Adolf">Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIV_John" title="Charles XIV John">Prince Charles John of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related<br />conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Russian_War_(1807%E2%80%931812)" title="Anglo-Russian War (1807–1812)">Anglo-Russian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1796%E2%80%931808)" title="Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808)">Anglo-Spanish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Swedish_War_(1810%E2%80%931812)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Swedish War (1810–1812)">Anglo-Swedish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Turkish_War_(1807%E2%80%931809)" title="Anglo-Turkish War (1807–1809)">Anglo-Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Wars_(Scandinavia)" title="English Wars (Scandinavia)">Anglo-Danish War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gunboat_War" title="Gunboat War">Gunboat War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dano-Swedish_War_of_1808%E2%80%931809" class="mw-redirect" title="Dano-Swedish War of 1808–1809">Dano-Swedish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_War" title="Finnish War">Russo-Swedish War (Finnish War)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Swedish_War" title="Franco-Swedish War">Franco-Swedish War (Pomeranian War)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Persian_War_(1804%E2%80%931813)" title="Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)">Russo-Persian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1806%E2%80%931812)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)">Russo-Turkish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence" title="Spanish American wars of independence">Spanish American wars of independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish%E2%80%93Norwegian_War_(1814)" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish–Norwegian War (1814)">Swedish–Norwegian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Campo Formio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lun%C3%A9ville" title="Treaty of Lunéville">Lunéville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amiens" title="Treaty of Amiens">Amiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Artlenburg" title="Convention of Artlenburg">Artlenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Pressburg_(1805)" title="Peace of Pressburg (1805)">Pressburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Finckenstein" title="Treaty of Finckenstein">Finckenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_Tilsit" title="Treaties of Tilsit">Tilsit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Cintra" title="Convention of Cintra">Cintra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Sch%C3%B6nbrunn" title="Treaty of Schönbrunn">Schönbrunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1810)" title="Treaty of Paris (1810)">Paris (1810)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(24_February_1812)" title="Treaty of Paris (24 February 1812)">Paris (February 1812)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(14_March_1812)" title="Treaty of Paris (14 March 1812)">Paris (March 1812)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1814)" title="Treaty of Paris (1814)">Paris (1814)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Tauroggen" title="Convention of Tauroggen">Tauroggen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Ried" title="Treaty of Ried">Ried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Chaumont" title="Treaty of Chaumont">Chaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Kiel" title="Treaty of Kiel">Kiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Mantua" title="Convention of Mantua">Mantua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Casalanza" title="Treaty of Casalanza">Casalanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fontainebleau_(1814)" title="Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)">Fontainebleau (1814)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1815)" title="Treaty of Paris (1815)">Paris (1815)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_about_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="List of books about the Napoleonic Wars">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars_casualties" title="Napoleonic Wars casualties">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Erfurt" title="Congress of Erfurt">Congress of Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_System" title="Continental System">Continental System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_Dresden_(1812)" title="Conference of Dresden (1812)">Conference of Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_expects_that_every_man_will_do_his_duty" title="England expects that every man will do his duty">England expects that every man will do his duty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Napoleonic_Wars_films" title="List of Napoleonic Wars films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Grande Armée">Grande Armée</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_La_Grande_Arm%C3%A9e" title="Uniforms of La Grande Armée">Uniforms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longwood_House" title="Longwood House">Longwood House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_military_forces_in_the_Napoleonic_Wars" title="Types of military forces in the Napoleonic Wars">Types of military</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox507" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569290#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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