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id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Breakthrough of the Year</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artículo en otro idioma. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_of_the_Year" title="Breakthrough of the Year – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Breakthrough of the Year" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_of_the_Year" title="Breakthrough of the Year – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Breakthrough of the Year" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84" title="دستاورد علمی سال – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دستاورد علمی سال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proboj_godine" title="Proboj godine – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Proboj godine" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%96%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E3%83%BC" title="ブレークスルー・オブ・ザ・イヤー – japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブレークスルー・オブ・ザ・イヤー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doorbraak_van_het_Jaar" title="Doorbraak van het Jaar – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Doorbraak van het Jaar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_of_the_Year" title="Breakthrough of the Year – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Breakthrough of the Year" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_of_the_Year" title="Breakthrough of the Year – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Breakthrough of the Year" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="es" dir="ltr"><p><i><b>Breakthrough of the Year</b></i> es un premio anual otorgado por la <a href="/wiki/Revista_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Revista científica">revista científica</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">Science</a></i> al desarrollo o <a href="/wiki/Descubrimiento_cient%C3%ADfico" class="mw-redirect" title="Descubrimiento científico">descubrimiento</a> más significativo en algún campo de la <a href="/wiki/Investigaci%C3%B3n_cient%C3%ADfica" class="mw-redirect" title="Investigación científica">investigación científica</a>. Comenzó a concederse en 1989 bajo el nombre de <i>Molecule of the Year</i> y se inspiró en la <a href="/wiki/Persona_del_a%C3%B1o" title="Persona del año">Persona del año</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Revista_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Revista Time">revista Time</a>. Pasó a llamarse <i>Breakthrough of the Year</i> en 1996. Este <a href="/wiki/Galard%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Galardón">galardón</a> es ampliamente reconocido como una de las más altas distinciones en la <a href="/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia">ciencia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference separada"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="corchete-llamada">[</span>1<span class="corchete-llamada">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Molecule_of_the_Year">Molecule of the Year</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breakthrough_of_the_Year&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar sección: Molecule of the Year"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Reacci%C3%B3n_en_cadena_de_la_polimerasa" title="Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa">PCR</a> y <a href="/wiki/ADN_polimerasa" title="ADN polimerasa">ADN polimerasa</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Diamantes_sint%C3%A9ticos" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamantes sintéticos">Diamantes sintéticos</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Buckminsterfullereno" title="Buckminsterfullereno">Buckminsterfullereno</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/%C3%93xido_n%C3%ADtrico" class="mw-redirect" title="Óxido nítrico">Óxido nítrico</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/P53" title="P53">p53</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Enzima" title="Enzima">Enzimas</a> de <a href="/wiki/Reparaci%C3%B3n_del_ADN" title="Reparación del ADN">reparación del ADN</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Condensado_de_Bose-Einstein" title="Condensado de Bose-Einstein">Condensado de Bose-Einstein</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Breakthrough_of_the_Year">Breakthrough of the Year</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breakthrough_of_the_Year&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar sección: Breakthrough of the Year"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1996: Entendimiento del <a href="/wiki/VIH" class="mw-redirect" title="VIH">VIH</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Oveja_Dolly" title="Oveja Dolly">Oveja Dolly</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Expansi%C3%B3n_acelerada_del_universo" title="Expansión acelerada del universo">Expansión acelerada del universo</a></li> <li>1999: Prospectivas de la <a href="/wiki/Terapia_con_c%C3%A9lulas_madre" title="Terapia con células madre">terapia con células madre</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Secuenciaci%C3%B3n_del_genoma" title="Secuenciación del genoma">Secuenciación del genoma</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanocircuito&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanocircuito (aún no redactado)">Nanocircuitos</a> en <a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%B3nica_molecular" title="Electrónica molecular">electrónica molecular</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/ARN_interferente" title="ARN interferente">ARN interferente</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Energ%C3%ADa_oscura" title="Energía oscura">Energía oscura</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Amartizaje" title="Amartizaje">Amartizaje</a> de <i><a href="/wiki/Spirit" title="Spirit">Spirit</a></i></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n_biol%C3%B3gica" title="Evolución biológica">Evolución biológica</a> en acción</li> <li>2006: Prueba de la <a href="/wiki/Conjetura_de_Poincar%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Conjetura de Poincaré">conjetura de Poincaré</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Variaci%C3%B3n_gen%C3%A9tica_humana" title="Variación genética humana">Variación genética humana</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lula_madre_pluripotente_inducida" title="Célula madre pluripotente inducida">Reprogramación celular</a></li> <li>2009: <i><a href="/wiki/Ardipithecus_ramidus" title="Ardipithecus ramidus">Ardipithecus ramidus</a></i></li> <li>2010: La primera <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A1quina_cu%C3%A1ntica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Máquina cuántica (aún no redactado)">máquina cuántica</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/HPTN_052" title="HPTN 052">HPTN 052</a></li> <li>2012: Descubrimiento del <a href="/wiki/Bos%C3%B3n_de_Higgs" title="Bosón de Higgs">bosón de Higgs</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Inmunoterapia_contra_el_c%C3%A1ncer" title="Inmunoterapia contra el cáncer">Inmunoterapia contra el cáncer</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Rosetta_(sonda_espacial)" title="Rosetta (sonda espacial)">Sonda espacial Rosetta</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Edici%C3%B3n_de_genoma" title="Edición de genoma">Edición genética</a> con <a href="/wiki/CRISPR/Cas" title="CRISPR/Cas">CRISPR/Cas</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Detecci%C3%B3n_de_ondas_gravitacionales" class="mw-redirect" title="Detección de ondas gravitacionales">Detección de ondas gravitacionales</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Colisi%C3%B3n_estelar" title="Colisión estelar">Fusión</a> de <a href="/wiki/Estrellas_de_neutrones" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrellas de neutrones">estrellas de neutrones</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Secuenciaci%C3%B3n_de_c%C3%A9lulas_individuales" title="Secuenciación de células individuales">Secuenciación de células individuales</a></li> <li>2019: Primera imagen de un <a href="/wiki/Agujero_negro_supermasivo" title="Agujero negro supermasivo">agujero negro supermasivo</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Vacuna_contra_la_COVID-19" title="Vacuna contra la COVID-19">Vacuna contra la COVID-19</a> en tiempo récord</li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Predicci%C3%B3n_de_la_estructura_de_las_prote%C3%ADnas" title="Predicción de la estructura de las proteínas">Predicción de la estructura de las proteínas</a> por <a href="/wiki/AlphaFold" title="AlphaFold">AlphaFold</a></li> <li>2022: Debut del <a href="/wiki/Telescopio_Espacial_James_Webb" class="mw-redirect" title="Telescopio Espacial James Webb">Telescopio Espacial James Webb</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencias">Referencias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breakthrough_of_the_Year&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar sección: Referencias"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="listaref" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span id="CITAREFBeckwith16_de_diciembre_de_2022" class="citation web">Beckwith, Walter (16 de diciembre de 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaas.org/news/sciences-2022-breakthrough-year-nasas-stellar-new-space-telescope">«Science’s 2022 Breakthrough of the Year: NASA’s Stellar New Space Telescope»</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Asociaci%C3%B3n_Estadounidense_para_el_Avance_de_la_Ciencia" title="Asociación Estadounidense para el Avance de la Ciencia">Asociación Estadounidense para el Avance de la Ciencia</a></i> <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #555 );">(en inglés)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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