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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Murong Chao</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Мужун Чао – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мужун Чао" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%9A%A9%EC%B4%88" title="모용초 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="모용초" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%AE%B9%E8%B6%85" title="慕容超 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="慕容超" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Мужун Чао – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мужун Чао" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murong_Chao" title="Murong Chao – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Murong Chao" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Мужун Чао – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мужун Чао" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%99_Dung_Si%C3%AAu" title="Mộ Dung Siêu – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mộ Dung Siêu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%AE%B9%E8%B6%85" title="慕容超 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="慕容超" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%AE%B9%E8%B6%85" title="慕容超 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="慕容超" data-language-autonym="中文" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Murong Chao<br />慕容超</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Emperor of <a href="/wiki/Southern_Yan" title="Southern Yan">Southern Yan</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">September 19, 405<sup id="cite_ref-AS_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ114_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ114-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – March 25, 410<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ115_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ115-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AS_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Murong_De" title="Murong De">Murong De</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">385<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ115_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ115-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BJ128_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BJ128-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">410 (aged 24–25)<sup id="cite_ref-ZZTJ115_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZZTJ115-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Jiankang" title="Jiankang">Jiankang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)#Eastern_Jin_(317–420)" title="Jin dynasty (266–420)">Eastern Jin</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left">Full name</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_surname" title="Chinese surname">Family name</a>: <div style="display:inline" class="nickname"><a href="/wiki/Murong" title="Murong">Mùróng</a> (慕容)</div></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_given_name" title="Chinese given name">Given name</a>: <div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Chāo (超)</div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left">Era name and dates</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Tàishàng (太上): September 19, 405 – March 25, 410</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Murong</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Yan" title="Southern Yan">Southern Yan</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Murong Chao</b> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">慕容超</span>; 385–410), <a href="/wiki/Courtesy_name" title="Courtesy name">courtesy name</a> <b>Zuming</b> (祖明), was the second and last <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_China" title="Emperor of China">emperor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Xianbei" title="Xianbei">Xianbei</a>-led Chinese <a href="/wiki/Southern_Yan" title="Southern Yan">Southern Yan dynasty</a>. He was the nephew of the founding emperor <a href="/wiki/Murong_De" title="Murong De">Murong De</a> (Emperor Xianwu) who was trapped under the rule of the <a href="/wiki/Later_Qin" title="Later Qin">Later Qin dynasty</a>, but was welcomed to the Southern Yan after his uncle found out about his existence. Because Murong De had no surviving sons, Murong Chao inherited his throne after his death in 405. Initially considered able, Murong Chao turned out to be capricious and thoroughly unwilling to accept criticism once he became emperor, and after he provoked the <a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)#Eastern_Jin_(317–420)" title="Jin dynasty (266–420)">Eastern Jin dynasty</a>, the Eastern Jin general <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Song" title="Emperor Wu of Song">Liu Yu</a> captured and killed him in 410, ending the Southern Yan. The <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jin" title="Book of Jin">Book of Jin</a></i> described Murong Chao as a handsome man about 1.96 metres tall. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murong_Chao&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Murong Chao's father Murong Na (慕容納) was the Prince of Beihai during <a href="/wiki/Former_Yan" title="Former Yan">Former Yan</a>, being a son of <a href="/wiki/Murong_Huang" title="Murong Huang">Murong Huang</a> (Prince Wenming) and a younger brother of <a href="/wiki/Murong_Jun" title="Murong Jun">Murong Jun</a> (Emperor Jingzhao). After Former Yan's destruction by <a href="/wiki/Former_Qin" title="Former Qin">Former Qin</a> in 370, the Former Qin emperor <a href="/wiki/Fu_Ji%C4%81n" class="mw-redirect" title="Fu Jiān">Fu Jiān</a> initially made Murong Na a commandery governor, but later Murong Na was relieved from that post and relocated, along with his mother Lady Gongsun and wife Lady Duan to be with his younger brother <a href="/wiki/Murong_De" title="Murong De">Murong De</a>, who was the governor of Zhangye Commandery (張掖, roughly modern <a href="/wiki/Zhangye" title="Zhangye">Zhangye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a>). (Murong Na and Murong De had the same mother.) Later, when Murong Na's brothers Murong De and <a href="/wiki/Murong_Chui" title="Murong Chui">Murong Chui</a> rebelled against Former Qin in 384, with Murong Chui establishing <a href="/wiki/Later_Yan" title="Later Yan">Later Yan</a> and becoming its emperor, Fu Chang (苻昌) the new governor of Zhangye arrested and executed Murong Na and all sons of Murong De and Murong Na. At that time, Lady Duan was not executed because she was pregnant, but she was imprisoned to await execution after she gave birth. </p><p>However, the jailer Huyan Ping (呼延平) was a former subordinate of Murong De's, and he took Lady Gongsun and Lady Duan and escaped to the lands of the <a href="/wiki/Qiang_(historical_people)" title="Qiang (historical people)">Qiang</a> tribes, where Lady Duan gave birth to Murong Chao. After Lady Gongsun died in 394, Huyan Ping took Lady Duan and Murong Chao to <a href="/wiki/Later_Liang_(Sixteen_Kingdoms)" title="Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Later Liang</a>. Later, after Later Liang surrendered to <a href="/wiki/Later_Qin" title="Later Qin">Later Qin</a> in 403, Huyan Ping, Lady Duan, and Murong Chao were among the populace of the Later Liang capital Guzang (姑臧, in modern <a href="/wiki/Wuwei,_Gansu" title="Wuwei, Gansu">Wuwei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a>) forcibly relocated to the Later Qin capital <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a>. There, Huyan Ping died, and Lady Duan had Murong Chao take <a href="/wiki/Empress_Huyan_(Southern_Yan)" title="Empress Huyan (Southern Yan)">Huyan Ping's daughter</a> as his wife. </p><p>Murong Chao was apprehensive that his true identity would be known, and so he became a beggar and pretended to be insane. However, on one occasion, the brother of Later Qin's emperor <a href="/wiki/Yao_Xing" title="Yao Xing">Yao Xing</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yao_Shao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yao Shao (page does not exist)">Yao Shao</a> (姚紹) the Duke of Dongping, saw him, and thought that this was not truly an insane person—because he looked healthy and strong physically. He informed Yao Xing of this and suggested that Yao Xing give Murong Chao a minor official position to secure him. Yao Xing summoned Murong Chao to an audience with him, but Murong Chao continued the charade and intentionally gave wrong answers or no answers at all when Yao Xing asked him questions. Yao Xing was unconvinced that Yao Shao was correct, and so sent Murong Chao away. </p><p>In 405, after Murong De, who had by then established Southern Yan and become its emperor, had become aware that Murong Chao was being detained in Chang'an, he sent secret messengers to encourage him to flee to Southern Yan. Murong Chao did not dare to tell even his mother and wife, and fled to Southern Yan. On the way, he passed through the territory of the general Murong Fa (慕容法), the governor of Yan Province (兗州, modern western <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a>), and Murong Fa, believing that he was not truly of imperial descent, disrespected him, leading him to bear grudges against Murong Fa in the future. </p><p>Murong De was greatly pleased when Murong Chao arrived at the capital Guanggu (廣固, in modern <a href="/wiki/Qingzhou" title="Qingzhou">Qingzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a>), and Murong Chao presented him the golden knife that Murong De left Lady Gongsun before leaving. Murong De mourned his mother and brother greatly, but created Murong Chao to be the Prince of Beihai—the same title that Murong Na had. As Murong De had no surviving sons, he considered Murong Chao his probable heir, and he selected talented men to be Murong Chao's assistants. Murong Chao, at this time, was described to be a careful server to his uncle and appropriate in all his outward actions, leading the officials and the populace all to be happy with him. </p><p>In fall 405, Murong De fell ill, and considered creating Murong Chao <a href="/wiki/Crown_prince" title="Crown prince">crown prince</a>. During the discussion, an earthquake happened, and taking the earthquake as a bad omen, Murong De temporarily terminated the discussion, but his illness grew worse during the night, and he could no longer speak. His wife <a href="/wiki/Empress_Duan_Jifei" class="mw-redirect" title="Empress Duan Jifei">Empress Duan Jifei</a> asked him whether Murong Chao should be summoned and created crown prince, and Murong De nodded, and so Murong Chao was created crown prince. Murong De died that night, and the next day, Murong Chao took the throne as the emperor. He honored Empress Duan as <a href="/wiki/Empress_dowager" title="Empress dowager">empress dowager</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murong_Chao&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Murong Chao, however, immediately showed himself to be capricious and unwilling to listen to criticism. He immediately made one of his associates, Gongsun Wulou (公孫五樓), a major general, despite Gongsun's commonly perceived lack of qualifications, and he disassociated himself from the officials Murong Zhong (慕容鍾) the Prince of Beidi and Duan Hong (段宏), whom Murong De had entrusted with great responsibilities. He was further described as being surrounded by flatterers and engaging his time on hunting and tours, refusing all advice against doing so. He further wished to restore punishments that included facial <a href="/wiki/Tattoo" title="Tattoo">tattooing</a>, cutting off noses, cutting off feet, and <a href="/wiki/Castration" title="Castration">castration</a>, but with popular opposition, he did not carry out those actions. He was also described as imposing heavy tax and labor burdens on the people. </p><p>In 406, Gongsun, in order to grab even more power, falsely accused Murong Zhong of treason. Murong Zhong, Murong Fa, and Duan Hong therefore entered into a conspiracy in which Feng Song (封嵩) and Empress Dowager Duan were also involved in, but Empress Dowager Duan, in fear, eventually revealed the plot to Murong Chao. Feng was executed, and Murong Chao sent generals Murong Zhen (慕容鎮) the Prince of Guilin and Han Fan (韓範) to attack Murong Zhong, Murong Fa, and Duan Hong. Duan Hong fled to <a href="/wiki/Northern_Wei" title="Northern Wei">Northern Wei</a>, while Murong Zhong and Murong Fa fled to <a href="/wiki/Later_Qin" title="Later Qin">Later Qin</a>. </p><p>In 407, Murong Chao sent his official Feng Kai (封愷) to Later Qin to negotiate to have Yao Xing turn his mother and wife over to him. Yao Xing demanded that he submit as a vassal and further give Later Qin either the court musicians of <a href="/wiki/Former_Qin" title="Former Qin">Former Qin</a> (who had, after much travels, settled down in Southern Yan by this point) or 1,000 captives from <a href="/wiki/Jin_Dynasty_(265-420)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jin Dynasty (265-420)">Jin</a>. Murong Chao readily agreed to be a vassal, but hesitated at both alternative demands. Eventually, in fear of retaliation from Jin, he chose to turn over 120 musicians. Yao Xing then delivered his mother Lady Duan and wife Lady Huyan to him. In 408, he honored Lady Duan as empress dowager and created Lady Huyan empress. </p><p>On <a href="/wiki/Chinese_New_Year" title="Chinese New Year">lunar new year</a> 409, Murong Chao held the traditional imperial gathering, and he lamented the lack of imperial musicians, and he proposed an attack on Jin to capture people to be trained as musicians, despite the opposition from Han Zhuo (Han Fan's brother, name not in <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>). A month later, Murong Chao sent the generals Murong Xingzong (慕容興宗), Hugu Ti (斛穀提), and Gongsun Gui (公孫歸, Gongsun Wulou's brother) to attack Jin, capturing Suyu (宿豫, in modern <a href="/wiki/Suqian" title="Suqian">Suqian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a>) and 2,500 men and women, who were given to the music director to be taught music. Encouraged by the success, Murong Chao carried more raids against Jin. </p><p>A month later, the Jin general <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Liu_Song" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Wu of Liu Song">Liu Yu</a>, then the leader of the Jin government, proposed that a major attack be launched against Southern Yan, and even though he faced opposition, he started the campaign regardless. Gongsun Wulou and Murong Zhen proposed that Southern Yan armies defend Daxian Mountain (大峴山, in modern <a href="/wiki/Weifang" title="Weifang">Weifang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a>) and not allow Jin forces to pass. Murong Chao, overly confident, instead decided to let Jin forces pass Daxian, and then engage them in the plains north of Daxian. He further rejected suggestions that the crops be burned to prevent them from being used as food supply by Jin forces. When Murong Zhen commented to Han Zhuo that this would lead to the empire's destruction, Murong Chao threw Murong Zhen into prison. </p><p>Liu Yu was very pleased that Murong Chao did not defend Daxian, as he feared. The Jin and Southern Yan forces <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Linqu" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Linqu">engaged near Linqu</a> (臨朐, also in Weifang), while Murong Chao himself waited in the city of Linqu. Jin general Hu Fan (胡藩) made a surprise attack on Linqu, capturing it and forcing Murong Chao to flee. With Murong Chao having fled, Liu Yu engaged the main Southern Yan forces and defeated them, and Murong Chao fled back to Guanggu. Liu Yu followed and quickly captured the outer part of the city, <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Guanggu" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Guanggu">putting the inner city under siege.</a> Murong Chao released Murong Zhen and requested his assistance in defending the city, but when Murong Zhen suggested that he pitch one final battle rather than just defending Guanggu, he balked, and he instead sent Han Fan to Later Qin to request emergency assistance. Initially, Yao Xing was willing to provide assistance with an army commanded by the general Yao Qiang (姚強), but after he himself suffered a defeat at the hand of the rebel general <a href="/wiki/Liu_Bobo" class="mw-redirect" title="Liu Bobo">Liu Bobo</a> (the emperor of <a href="/wiki/Xia_(Sixteen_Kingdoms)" title="Xia (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Xia</a>), he withdrew Yao Qiang's troops. Han Fan surrendered to Liu Yu, and the Guanggu garrison became even more desperate. A number of officials suggested to Murong Chao that he surrender to Jin, but he refused and executed anyone who would suggest the such. </p><p>In spring 410, Guanggu fell, and Murong Chao was captured. Liu Yu rebuked him for refusing to surrender, but he did not answer Liu Yu at all but only entrusted his mother to the Jin general Liu Jingxuan (劉敬宣), who had previously been a subject of his uncle Murong De. Murong Chao was delivered to the Jin capital <a href="/wiki/Jiankang" title="Jiankang">Jiankang</a> and executed, and some 3,000 Southern Yan officials and nobles were executed as well. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_information">Personal information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murong_Chao&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Father <ul><li>Murong Na (慕容納), Prince of Beihai during <a href="/wiki/Former_Yan" title="Former Yan">Former Yan</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Murong_Huang" title="Murong Huang">Murong Huang</a> (Prince Wenming of Former Yan) and brother to <a href="/wiki/Murong_Jun" title="Murong Jun">Murong Jun</a> (Emperor Jingzhao of Former Yan), <a href="/wiki/Murong_Chui" title="Murong Chui">Murong Chui</a> (Emperor Wucheng of <a href="/wiki/Later_Yan" title="Later Yan">Later Yan</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Murong_De" title="Murong De">Murong De</a> (Emperor Xianwu), posthumously honored as Emperor Mu</li></ul></li> <li>Mother <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Dowager_Duan_(Murong_Chao)" title="Empress Dowager Duan (Murong Chao)">Princess Duan</a></li></ul></li> <li>Wife <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Huyan_(Southern_Yan)" title="Empress Huyan (Southern Yan)">Empress Huyan</a> (created 408)</li></ul></li> <li>Major <a href="/wiki/Concubine" class="mw-redirect" title="Concubine">Concubines</a> <ul><li>Consort Wei</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murong_Chao&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-AS-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AS_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AS_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Academia_Sinica" title="Academia Sinica">Academia Sinica</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/sinocal/">Chinese-Western Calendar Converter</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100522200011/http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/sinocal/">Archived</a> 2010-05-22 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZZTJ114-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ114_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Zizhi Tongjian</i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7114" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷114">vol. 114</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZZTJ115-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ115_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ115_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZZTJ115_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Zizhi_Tongjian" title="Zizhi Tongjian">Zizhi Tongjian</a></i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7115" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷115">vol. 115</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BJ128-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BJ128_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jin" title="Book of Jin">Book of Jin</a></i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7128" class="extiw" title="zh:s:晉書/卷128">vol. 128</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jin" title="Book of Jin">Book of Jin</a></i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7128" class="extiw" title="zh:s:晉書/卷128">vol. 128</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_Annals_of_the_Sixteen_Kingdoms" title="Spring and Autumn Annals of the Sixteen Kingdoms">Spring and Autumn Annals of the Sixteen Kingdoms</a></i>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B/%E5%8D%B713" class="extiw" title="zh:s:十六國春秋/卷13">vol. 13</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zizhi_Tongjian" title="Zizhi Tongjian">Zizhi Tongjian</a></i>, vols. <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7114" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷114">114</a>, <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7115" class="extiw" title="zh:s:資治通鑑/卷115">115</a>..</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Emperor Xianwu of (Southern) Yan</div><div><b><a href="/wiki/Southern_Yan" title="Southern Yan">House of Murong</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 385</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 410</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Murong_De" title="Murong De">Murong De</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Southern_Yan" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor of Southern Yan">Emperor of Southern Yan</a> </b><br />405–410 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Extinct </b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #79DBFF;"><a href="/wiki/Pretender" title="Pretender">Titles in pretence</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Murong_De" title="Murong De">Murong De</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><small><b>— TITULAR —</b></small><br /><i><b> <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_China" title="Emperor of China">Emperor of China</a> </b></i><br />405–410<br /><span style="font-size: 90%;">Reason for succession failure:</span><br /><span style="font-size: 90%;">Annexed by <a href="/wiki/Jin_Dynasty_(265%E2%80%93420)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jin Dynasty (265–420)">Eastern Jin</a></span> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Emperor_An_of_Jin" title="Emperor An of Jin">Emperor An of Jin</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sixteen_Kingdoms_monarchs" title="Template:Sixteen Kingdoms monarchs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sixteen_Kingdoms_monarchs" title="Template talk:Sixteen Kingdoms monarchs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sixteen_Kingdoms_monarchs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sixteen Kingdoms monarchs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_the_Sixteen_Kingdoms1673" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Monarchs of the <a href="/wiki/Sixteen_Kingdoms" title="Sixteen Kingdoms">Sixteen Kingdoms</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cheng-Han" title="Cheng-Han">Cheng-Han</a> (304–347)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Li_Te" title="Li Te">Li Te</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Li_Liu_(Cheng-Han)" title="Li Liu (Cheng-Han)">Li Liu</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xiong" title="Li Xiong">Li Xiong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Ban" title="Li Ban">Li Ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Qi_(emperor)" title="Li Qi (emperor)">Li Qi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Shou" title="Li Shou">Li Shou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Shi_(emperor)" title="Li Shi (emperor)">Li Shi</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Fan_Ben" title="Fan Ben">Fan Ben</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Han-Zhao" title="Han-Zhao">Han-Zhao</a> (304–329)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yuan_(Han-Zhao)" title="Liu Yuan (Han-Zhao)">Liu Yuan</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Liu_He_(Han-Zhao)" title="Liu He (Han-Zhao)">Liu He</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Cong_(Han-Zhao)" title="Liu Cong (Han-Zhao)">Liu Cong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Can" title="Liu Can">Liu Can</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Jin_Zhun" title="Jin Zhun">Jin Zhun</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Yao" title="Liu Yao">Liu Yao</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Liu_Xi_(Han-Zhao)" title="Liu Xi (Han-Zhao)">Liu Xi</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Former_Liang" title="Former Liang">Former Liang</a> (318–376)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Zhang_Gui" title="Zhang Gui">Zhang Gui</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Shi_(Former_Liang)" title="Zhang Shi (Former Liang)">Zhang Shi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Mao" title="Zhang Mao">Zhang Mao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Jun_(prince)" title="Zhang Jun (prince)">Zhang Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chonghua" title="Zhang Chonghua">Zhang Chonghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yaoling" title="Zhang Yaoling">Zhang Yaoling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Zuo" title="Zhang Zuo">Zhang Zuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Xuanjing" title="Zhang Xuanjing">Zhang Xuanjing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Tianxi" title="Zhang Tianxi">Zhang Tianxi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Later_Zhao" title="Later Zhao">Later Zhao</a> (319–351)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Le" title="Shi Le">Shi Le</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Hong" title="Shi Hong">Shi Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Hu" title="Shi Hu">Shi Hu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Shi_(emperor)" title="Shi Shi (emperor)">Shi Shi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Zun" title="Shi Zun">Shi Zun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Jian" title="Shi Jian">Shi Jian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Zhi" title="Shi Zhi">Shi Zhi</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Liu_Xian_(Later_Zhao)" title="Liu Xian (Later Zhao)">Liu Xian</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Former_Yan" title="Former Yan">Former Yan</a> (337–370)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Huang" title="Murong Huang">Murong Huang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Jun" title="Murong Jun">Murong Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Wei" title="Murong Wei">Murong Wei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Former_Qin" title="Former Qin">Former Qin</a> (351–394)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Jian_(317%E2%80%93355)" title="Fu Jian (317–355)">Fu Jiàn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Sheng_(Former_Qin)" title="Fu Sheng (Former Qin)">Fu Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Jian_(337%E2%80%93385)" title="Fu Jian (337–385)">Fu Jiān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Pi" title="Fu Pi">Fu Pi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Deng" title="Fu Deng">Fu Deng</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Dou_Chong" title="Dou Chong">Dou Chong</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Chong" title="Fu Chong">Fu Chong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Later_Yan" title="Later Yan">Later Yan</a> (384–409)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Chui" title="Murong Chui">Murong Chui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Bao" title="Murong Bao">Murong Bao</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Murong_Xiang" title="Murong Xiang">Murong Xiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Lin" title="Murong Lin">Murong Lin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lan_Han" title="Lan Han">Lan Han</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Sheng" title="Murong Sheng">Murong Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Xi" title="Murong Xi">Murong Xi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Yun_(emperor)" title="Gao Yun (emperor)">Murong Yun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Later_Qin" title="Later Qin">Later Qin</a> (384–417)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Chang" title="Yao Chang">Yao Chang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Xing" title="Yao Xing">Yao Xing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Hong" title="Yao Hong">Yao Hong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Qin" title="Western Qin">Western Qin</a> (385–431)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qifu_Guoren" title="Qifu Guoren">Qifu Guoren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qifu_Gangui" title="Qifu Gangui">Qifu Qiangui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qifu_Chipan" title="Qifu Chipan">Qifu Chipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qifu_Mumo" title="Qifu Mumo">Qifu Mumo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Later_Liang_(Sixteen_Kingdoms)" title="Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Later Liang</a> (386–403)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Guang" title="Lü Guang">Lü Guang</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Shao" title="Lü Shao">Lü Shao</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Zuan" title="Lü Zuan">Lü Zuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Long" title="Lü Long">Lü Long</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Liang_(Sixteen_Kingdoms)" title="Southern Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Southern Liang</a> (397–414)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tufa_Wugu" title="Tufa Wugu">Tufa Wugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufa_Lilugu" title="Tufa Lilugu">Tufa Lilugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufa_Rutan" title="Tufa Rutan">Tufa Rutan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Liang" title="Northern Liang">Northern Liang</a> (397–460)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duan_Ye" title="Duan Ye">Duan Ye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juqu_Mengxun" title="Juqu Mengxun">Juqu Mengxun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juqu_Mujian" title="Juqu Mujian">Juqu Mujian</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Juqu_Wuhui" title="Juqu Wuhui">Juqu Wuhui</a>)</li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Juqu_Anzhou" title="Juqu Anzhou">Juqu Anzhou</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Yan" title="Southern Yan">Southern Yan</a> (398–410)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murong_De" title="Murong De">Murong De</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Murong Chao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Liang_(Sixteen_Kingdoms)" title="Western Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Western Liang</a> (400–421)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Gao" title="Li Gao">Li Gao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xin_(Western_Liang)" title="Li Xin (Western Liang)">Li Xin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Xun_(Western_Liang)" title="Li Xun (Western Liang)">Li Xun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xia_(Sixteen_Kingdoms)" title="Xia (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Xia</a> (407–431)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helian_Bobo" title="Helian Bobo">Helian Bobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helian_Chang" title="Helian Chang">Helian Chang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helian_Ding" title="Helian Ding">Helian Ding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Yan" title="Northern Yan">Northern Yan</a> (407–436)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gao_Yun_(emperor)" title="Gao Yun (emperor)">Gao Yun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feng_Ba" title="Feng Ba">Feng Ba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feng_Hong" title="Feng Hong">Feng Hong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chouchi" title="Chouchi">Chouchi</a> (296–443)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Maosou" title="Yang Maosou">Yang Maosou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Nandi" title="Yang Nandi">Yang Nandi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Yi_(Chouchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Yi (Chouchi) (page does not exist)">Yang Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Chu_(Chouchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Chu (Chouchi) (page does not exist)">Yang Chu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Guo_(Chouchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Guo (Chouchi) (page does not exist)">Yang Guo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Jun_(Chouchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Jun (Chouchi) (page does not exist)">Yang Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Shi_(Chouchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Shi (Chouchi) (page does not exist)">Yang Shi</a></li> <li>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Tong_(Chouchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Tong (Chouchi) (page does not exist)">Yang Tong</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Cuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Cuan (page does not exist)">Yang Cuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_Ding_(Chouchi)" title="Yang Ding (Chouchi)">Yang Ding</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Sheng_(Chouchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Sheng (Chouchi) (page does not exist)">Yang Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Xuan_(Chouchi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Xuan (Chouchi) (page does not exist)">Yang Xuan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Baozong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Baozong (page does not exist)">Yang Baozong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Nandang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Nandang (page does not exist)">Yang Nandang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yang_Baochi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yang Baochi (page does not exist)">Yang Baochi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dai_(Sixteen_Kingdoms)" title="Dai (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Dai</a> (310–376)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Yilu" title="Tuoba Yilu">Tuoba Yilu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Pugen" title="Tuoba Pugen">Tuoba Pugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_Tuoba_Pugen" title="Son of Tuoba Pugen">Son of Tuoba Pugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Yul%C3%BC" title="Tuoba Yulü">Tuoba Yulü</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Heru" title="Tuoba Heru">Tuoba Heru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Hena" title="Tuoba Hena">Tuoba Hena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Yihuai" title="Tuoba Yihuai">Tuoba Yihuai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Hena" title="Tuoba Hena">Tuoba Hena</a> <small>(2nd reign)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Yihuai" title="Tuoba Yihuai">Tuoba Yihuai</a> <small>(2nd reign)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuoba_Shiyiqian" title="Tuoba Shiyiqian">Tuoba Shiyiqian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ran_Wei" title="Ran Wei">Ran Wei</a> (350–352)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ran_Min" title="Ran Min">Ran Min</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Ran_Zhi" title="Ran Zhi">Ran Zhi</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Duan Qi (350–356)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duan_Kan" title="Duan Kan">Duan Kan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Yan" title="Western Yan">Western Yan</a> (384–394)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Hong" title="Murong Hong">Murong Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Chong" title="Murong Chong">Murong Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duan_Sui" title="Duan Sui">Duan Sui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Yi" title="Murong Yi">Murong Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Yao" title="Murong Yao">Murong Yao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Zhong" title="Murong Zhong">Murong Zhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murong_Yong" title="Murong Yong">Murong Yong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhai_Wei" title="Zhai Wei">Zhai Wei</a> (388–392)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhai_Liao" title="Zhai Liao">Zhai Liao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhai_Zhao" title="Zhai Zhao">Zhai Zhao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Huan Chu (403–404)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huan_Xuan" title="Huan Xuan">Huan Xuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western Shu (405–413)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qiao_Zong" title="Qiao Zong">Qiao Zong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:Kings_of_Xia" title="Template:Kings of Xia">Xia</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Kings_of_Shang" title="Template:Kings of Shang">Shang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Kings_of_Zhou" title="Template:Kings of Zhou">Zhou</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Qin" title="Template:Monarchs of Qin">Qin</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Han_emperors" title="Template:Han emperors">Han</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Three_Kingdoms_emperors" title="Template:Three Kingdoms emperors">3 Kingdoms</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Jin_emperors_(266%E2%80%93420)" title="Template:Jin emperors (266–420)">Jìn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Sixteen_Kingdoms_rulers" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Sixteen Kingdoms rulers">16 Kingdoms</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Southern_dynasties_emperors" title="Template:Southern dynasties emperors">S. Dynasties</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Northern_dynasties_emperors" title="Template:Northern dynasties emperors">N. Dynasties</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Sui_emperors" title="Template:Sui emperors">Sui</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Tang_emperors" title="Template:Tang emperors">Tang</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms_rulers" title="Template:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms rulers">5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Liao_emperors" title="Template:Liao emperors">Liao</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Song_emperors" title="Template:Song emperors">Song</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Western_Xia_emperors" title="Template:Western Xia emperors">W. Xia</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Jin_emperors_(1115%E2%80%931234)" title="Template:Jin emperors (1115–1234)">Jīn</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Yuan_emperors" title="Template:Yuan emperors">Yuan</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Ming_emperors" title="Template:Ming emperors">Ming</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Qing_emperors" title="Template:Qing emperors">Qing</a> → <a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Presidents of the Republic of China">ROC</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Paramount_leaders_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Paramount leaders of the People's Republic of China">PRC</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murong_Chao&oldid=1228186663">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murong_Chao&oldid=1228186663</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Southern_Yan_emperors" title="Category:Southern Yan emperors">Southern Yan emperors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:385_births" title="Category:385 births">385 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:410_deaths" title="Category:410 deaths">410 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Later_Liang_(Sixteen_Kingdoms)_people" title="Category:Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms) people">Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms) people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Later_Qin_people" title="Category:Later Qin people">Later Qin people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)_people" title="Category:Jin dynasty (266–420) people">Jin dynasty (266–420) people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Northwest_China" title="Category:People from Northwest China">People from Northwest China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Murdered_emperors_of_China" title="Category:Murdered emperors of China">Murdered emperors of China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_executed_by_the_Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)_by_decapitation" title="Category:People executed by the Jin dynasty (266–420) by decapitation">People executed by the Jin dynasty (266–420) by decapitation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deaths_by_decapitation" title="Category:Deaths by decapitation">Deaths by decapitation</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 9 June 2024, at 22:10<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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