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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Daniel 4:17 This decision is the decree of the watchers, the verdict declared by the holy ones, so that the living will know that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes, setting over it the lowliest of men.'</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/daniel/4-17.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/3/27_Dan_04_17.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Daniel 4:17 - Nebuchadnezzar's Dream of a Great Tree" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="This decision is the decree of the watchers, the verdict declared by the holy ones, so that the living will know that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes, setting over it the lowliest of men.'" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/daniel/4-17.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/daniel/4-17.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/daniel/">Daniel</a> > <a href="/daniel/4.htm">Chapter 4</a> > Verse 17</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad17.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/daniel/4-16.htm" title="Daniel 4:16">◄</a> Daniel 4:17 <a href="/daniel/4-18.htm" title="Daniel 4:18">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/daniel/4.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/daniel/4.htm">New International Version</a> &#8220&#8217The decision is announced by messengers, the holy ones declare the verdict, so that the living may know that the Most High is sovereign over all kingdoms on earth and gives them to anyone he wishes and sets over them the lowliest of people.&#8217 <a href="/nlt/daniel/4.htm">New Living Translation</a> For this has been decreed by the messengers; it is commanded by the holy ones, so that everyone may know that the Most High rules over the kingdoms of the world. He gives them to anyone he chooses— even to the lowliest of people.” <a href="/esv/daniel/4.htm">English Standard Version</a> The sentence is by the decree of the watchers, the decision by the word of the holy ones, to the end that the living may know that the Most High rules the kingdom of men and gives it to whom he will and sets over it the lowliest of men.’ <a href="/bsb/daniel/4.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> This decision is the decree of the watchers, the verdict declared by the holy ones, so that the living will know that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes, setting over it the lowliest of men.’ <a href="/kjv/daniel/4.htm">King James Bible</a> This matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy ones: to the intent that the living may know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will, and setteth up over it the basest of men. <a href="/nkjv/daniel/4.htm">New King James Version</a> ‘This decision is by the decree of the watchers, And the sentence by the word of the holy ones, In order that the living may know That the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, Gives it to whomever He will, And sets over it the lowest of men.’ <a href="/nasb_/daniel/4.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> “This sentence is by the decree of the angelic watchers, And the decision is a command of the holy ones, In order that the living may know That the Most High is ruler over the realm of mankind, And He grants it to whomever He wishes And sets over it the lowliest of people.” <a href="/nasb/daniel/4.htm">NASB 1995</a> &#8220This sentence is by the decree of the angelic watchers And the decision is a command of the holy ones, In order that the living may know That the Most High is ruler over the realm of mankind, And bestows it on whom He wishes And sets over it the lowliest of men.&#8221 <a href="/nasb77/daniel/4.htm">NASB 1977 </a> “This sentence is by the decree of the angelic watchers, And the decision is a command of the holy ones, In order that the living may know That the Most High is ruler over the realm of mankind, And bestows it on whom He wishes, And sets over it the lowliest of men.” <a href="/lsb/daniel/4.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> This edict is by the resolution of the watchers, And the decision is a command of the holy ones, In order that the living may know That the Most High is the powerful ruler over the kingdom of mankind And gives it to whom He wishes And sets up over it the lowliest of men.” <a href="/amp/daniel/4.htm">Amplified Bible</a> “This sentence is by the decree of the angelic watchers And the decision is a command of the holy ones, So that the living may know [without any doubt] That the Most High [God] rules over the kingdom of mankind And He bestows it on whomever He desires And sets over it the humblest and lowliest of men.” <a href="/csb/daniel/4.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> This word is by decree of the watchers, and the decision is by command from the holy ones. This is so that the living will know that the Most High is ruler over human kingdoms. He gives them to anyone he wants and sets the lowliest of people over them. <a href="/hcsb/daniel/4.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> This word is by decree of the observers; the matter is a command from the holy ones. This is so the living will know that the Most High is ruler over the kingdom of men. He gives it to anyone He wants and sets the lowliest of men over it. <a href="/asv/daniel/4.htm">American Standard Version</a> The sentence is by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy ones; to the intent that the living may know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will, and setteth up over it the lowest of men. <a href="/cev/daniel/4.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> This punishment is given at the command of the holy angels. It will show to all who live that God Most High controls all kingdoms and chooses for their rulers persons of humble birth.' <a href="/erv/daniel/4.htm">English Revised Version</a> The sentence is by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy ones: to the intent that the living may know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will, and setteth up over it the lowest of men. <a href="/gwt/daniel/4.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> The guardians have announced this decision. The holy ones have announced this so that every living creature will know that the Most High has power over human kingdoms. He gives them to whomever he wishes. He can place the lowest of people in charge of them.'" <a href="/gnt/daniel/4.htm">Good News Translation</a> This is the decision of the alert and watchful angels. So then, let all people everywhere know that the Supreme God has power over human kingdoms and that he can give them to anyone he chooses--even to those who are least important.' <a href="/isv/daniel/4.htm">International Standard Version</a> This order is announced by the observers, and the holy ones declare the verdict, so that the living may know that the Most High is sovereign over human kingdoms and grants them to whomever he desires, and he places the least important of men over them.' <a href="/msb/daniel/4.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> This decision is the decree of the watchers, the verdict declared by the holy ones, so that the living will know that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind and gives it to whom He wishes, setting over it the lowliest of men.? <a href="/net/daniel/4.htm">NET Bible</a> This announcement is by the decree of the sentinels; this decision is by the pronouncement of the holy ones, so that those who are alive may understand that the Most High has authority over human kingdoms, and he bestows them on whomever he wishes. He establishes over them even the lowliest of human beings.' <a href="/nheb/daniel/4.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> The sentence is by the decree of the watchers, and the decision is a command of the holy ones; so that the living may know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to anyone he wants, and sets up over it the lowliest of men. <a href="/wbt/daniel/4.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> This matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy ones: to the intent that the living may know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will, and setteth up over it the basest of men. <a href="/web/daniel/4.htm">World English Bible</a> “‘The sentence is by the decree of the watchers and the demand by the word of the holy ones, to the intent that the living may know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to whomever he will, and sets up over it the lowest of men.’ <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/daniel/4.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> by the decree of the sifters [is] the sentence, and by the saying of the holy ones the requirement, to the intent that the living may know that the Most High is ruler in the kingdom of men, and to whom He wills He gives it, and the lowest of men He raises up over it. <a href="/ylt/daniel/4.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> by the decree of the sifters is the sentence, and by the saying of the holy ones the requirement, to the intent that the living may know that the Most High is ruler in the kingdom of men, and to whom He willeth He giveth it, and the lowest of men He doth raise up over it. <a href="/slt/daniel/4.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> The word by the decree of the watchers, and the saying of the holy ones is the question: for the reason that the living shall know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and to whom that he will, he will give it, and he will raise up over it the low of men.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/daniel/4.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> This is the decree by the sentence of the watchers, and the word And demand of the holy ones; till the living know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men; and he will give it to whomsoever it shall please him, and he will appoint the basest man over it. <a href="/cpdv/daniel/4.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> <V 4:14>This is the decree from the judgment of the watchers, and the decision and proclamation of the holy ones, until the living shall know that the Supreme One is ruler in the kingdom of men, and that he will give it to whomever he wills, and he will appoint the lowest man over it.” <a href="/nabre/daniel/4.htm">New American Bible</a> The tree that you saw, large and strong, its top touching the heavens, that could be seen by the whole earth, <a href="/nrsvce/daniel/4.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> The sentence is rendered by decree of the watchers, the decision is given by order of the holy ones, in order that all who live may know that the Most High is sovereign over the kingdom of mortals; he gives it to whom he will and sets over it the lowliest of human beings.’<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/daniel/4.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> This decree is by the command of the angel at the request of the Holy One to the intent that the living may know that the Most High God rules in the kingdom of men and gives it to whomsoever he will, and appoints over it the lowest of men. <a href="/hpbt/daniel/4.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> The word is by the decree of the Watcher, and the request is by the speech of The Holy One, that the living may know that God Most High is authorized in the Kingdom of men, that he shall give it to whomever he pleases, and the lowest of men he will raise up over it<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/daniel/4.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> The matter is by the decree of the watchers, And the sentence by the word of the holy ones; To the intent that the living may know That the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, And giveth it to whomsoever He will, And setteth up over it the lowest of men. <a href="/sep/daniel/4.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> The matter is by the decree of the watcher, and the demand is a word of the holy ones; that the living may known that the Lord is most high over the kingdom of men, and he will give it to whomsoever he shall please, and will set up over it that which is set at nought of men. <a href="/parallel/daniel/4-17.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/shUZJK-vYxI?start=1369" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/daniel/4.htm">Nebuchadnezzar's Dream of a Great Tree</a> …16Let his mind be changed from that of a man, and let him be given the mind of a beast till seven times pass him by. 17<a href="/hebrew/6600.htm" title="6600: piṯ·ḡā·mā (N-msd) -- A command, word, affair. (Aramaic) corresponding to pithgam; a word, answer, letter or decree.">This decision</a> <a href="/hebrew/1510.htm" title="1510: biḡ·zê·raṯ (Prep-b:: N-fsc) -- A decree. (Aramaic) from gzar (as gazar); a decree.">is the decree</a> <a href="/hebrew/5894.htm" title="5894: ‘î·rîn (N-mp) -- Waking or wakeful one. (Aramaic) from a root corresponding to uwr; a watcher, i.e. An angel (as guardian).">of the watchers,</a> <a href="/hebrew/7595.htm" title="7595: šə·’ê·lə·ṯā (N-fsd) -- Affair. (Aramaic) from sh'el; properly, a question (at law), i.e. Judicial decision or mandate.">the verdict</a> <a href="/hebrew/3983.htm" title="3983: ū·mê·mar (Conj-w:: N-msc) -- A word. (Aramaic) corresponding to ma'amar.">declared</a> <a href="/hebrew/6922.htm" title="6922: qad·dî·šîn (Adj-mp) -- Holy. (Aramaic) corresponding to qadowsh.">by the holy ones,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5705.htm" title="5705: ‘aḏ- (Prep) -- Even to, until. (Aramaic) corresponding to ad; X and, at, for, (hither-)to, on till, (un-)to, until, within.">so that</a> <a href="/hebrew/1701.htm" title="1701: diḇ·raṯ (N-fsc) -- A cause, reason. (Aramaic) corresponding to dibrah."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1768.htm" title="1768: dî (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that, because. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/2417.htm" title="2417: ḥay·yay·yā (Adj-mpd) -- Living. (Aramaic) from chaya'; alive; also (as noun in plural) life.">the living</a> <a href="/hebrew/3046.htm" title="3046: yin·də·‘ūn (V-Qal-Imperf-3mp) -- To know. (Aramaic) corresponding to yada'.">will know</a> <a href="/hebrew/1768.htm" title="1768: dî- (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that, because. ">that</a> <a href="/hebrew/5943.htm" title="5943: ʿil·lå̄·yå̄ (Adj-msd) -- Highest, a name of God. (Aramaic) corresponding to illiy; supreme (i.e. God).">the Most High</a> <a href="/hebrew/7990.htm" title="7990: šal·lîṭ (Adj-ms) -- Having mastery, ruling. (Aramaic) corresponding to shalliyt; mighty; abstractly, permission; concretely, a premier.">rules</a> <a href="/hebrew/4437.htm" title="4437: bə·mal·ḵūṯ (Prep-b:: N-fsc) -- Royalty, reign, kingdom. (Aramaic) corresponding to malkuwth; dominion (abstractly or concretely).">over the kingdom</a> <a href="/hebrew/606.htm" title="606: ʾɛ̆·nō·šå̄ (N-msd) -- Man, mankind. (Aramaic) or renash (Aramaic); corresponding to 'enowsh; a man.">of mankind</a> <a href="/hebrew/5415.htm" title="5415: yit·tə·nin·nah (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms:: 3fse) -- To give. (Aramaic) corresponding to nathan; give.">and gives it</a> <a href="/hebrew/4479.htm" title="4479: ū·lə·man- (Conj-w, Prep-l:: Interrog) -- Who?. (Aramaic) from mah; who or what (properly, interrogatively, hence, also indefinitely and relatively).">to whom</a> <a href="/hebrew/1768.htm" title="1768: dî (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that, because. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/6634.htm" title="6634: yiṣ·bê (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms) -- To be inclined, desire, be pleased. (Aramaic) corresponding to pithrown in the figurative sense of summoning one's wishes; to please.">He wishes,</a> <a href="/hebrew/6966.htm" title="6966: yə·qîm (V-Hifil-Imperf-3ms) -- To arise, stand. (Aramaic) corresponding to quwm.">setting</a> <a href="/hebrew/5922.htm" title="5922: ʿă·lay·yah (Prep:: 3fs) -- Upon, over, above. (Aramaic) corresponding to al.">over it</a> <a href="/hebrew/8215.htm" title="8215: ū·šə·p̄al (Conj-w:: Adj-msc) -- Low (in station). (Aramaic) from shphal; low.">the lowliest</a> <a href="/hebrew/606.htm" title="606: ’ă·nā·šîm (N-mp) -- Man, mankind. (Aramaic) or renash (Aramaic); corresponding to 'enowsh; a man.">of men.’</a> 18This is the dream that I, King Nebuchadnezzar, saw. Now, Belteshazzar, tell me the interpretation, because none of the wise men of my kingdom can interpret it for me. But you are able, because the spirit of the holy gods is in you.”…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/romans/13-1.htm">Romans 13:1</a> Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except that which is from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God. <a href="/psalms/75-6.htm">Psalm 75:6-7</a> For exaltation comes neither from east nor west, nor out of the desert, / but it is God who judges; He brings down one and exalts another. <a href="/proverbs/21-1.htm">Proverbs 21:1</a> The king’s heart is a waterway in the hand of the LORD; He directs it where He pleases. <a href="/jeremiah/27-5.htm">Jeremiah 27:5</a> By My great power and outstretched arm, I made the earth and the men and beasts on the face of it, and I give it to whom I please. <a href="/1_samuel/2-7.htm">1 Samuel 2:7-8</a> The LORD sends poverty and wealth; He humbles and He exalts. / He raises the poor from the dust and lifts the needy from the ash heap. He seats them among princes and bestows on them a throne of honor. For the foundations of the earth are the LORD’s, and upon them He has set the world. <a href="/job/5-11.htm">Job 5:11</a> He sets the lowly on high, so that mourners are lifted to safety. <a href="/luke/1-52.htm">Luke 1:52</a> He has brought down rulers from their thrones, but has exalted the humble. <a href="/acts/17-26.htm">Acts 17:26</a> From one man He made every nation of men, that they should inhabit the whole earth; and He determined their appointed times and the boundaries of their lands. <a href="/isaiah/40-23.htm">Isaiah 40:23</a> He brings the princes to nothing and makes the rulers of the earth meaningless. <a href="/1_corinthians/1-27.htm">1 Corinthians 1:27-29</a> But God chose the foolish things of the world to shame the wise; God chose the weak things of the world to shame the strong. / He chose the lowly and despised things of the world, and the things that are not, to nullify the things that are, / so that no one may boast in His presence. <a href="/matthew/11-25.htm">Matthew 11:25</a> At that time Jesus declared, “I praise You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because You have hidden these things from the wise and learned, and revealed them to little children. <a href="/james/4-10.htm">James 4:10</a> Humble yourselves before the Lord, and He will exalt you. <a href="/ezekiel/17-24.htm">Ezekiel 17:24</a> Then all the trees of the field will know that I am the LORD. I bring the tall tree down and make the low tree tall. I dry up the green tree and make the withered tree flourish. I, the LORD, have spoken, and I have done it.’” <a href="/psalms/113-7.htm">Psalm 113:7-8</a> He raises the poor from the dust and lifts the needy from the dump / to seat them with nobles, with the princes of His people. <a href="/1_peter/5-6.htm">1 Peter 5:6</a> Humble yourselves, therefore, under God’s mighty hand, so that in due time He may exalt you.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>This matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy ones: to the intent that the living may know that the most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to whomsoever he will, and sets up over it the basest of men.by the.<a href="/daniel/4-13.htm">Daniel 4:13,14</a> I saw in the visions of my head upon my bed, and, behold, a watcher and an holy one came down from heaven; … <a href="/1_kings/22-19.htm">1 Kings 22:19,20</a> And he said, Hear thou therefore the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on his throne, and all the host of heaven standing by him on his right hand and on his left… <a href="/1_timothy/5-21.htm">1 Timothy 5:21</a> I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality.the holy.<a href="/daniel/4-8.htm">Daniel 4:8,9,13</a> But at the last Daniel came in before me, whose name was Belteshazzar, according to the name of my god, and in whom is the spirit of the holy gods: and before him I told the dream, saying, … <a href="/isaiah/6-3.htm">Isaiah 6:3,8</a> And one cried unto another, and said, Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory… <a href="/revelation/4-8.htm">Revelation 4:8</a> And the four beasts had each of them six wings about him; and they were full of eyes within: and they rest not day and night, saying, Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty, which was, and is, and is to come.that the living.<a href="/psalms/9-16.htm">Psalm 9:16</a> The LORD is known by the judgment which he executeth: the wicked is snared in the work of his own hands. Higgaion. Selah.<a href="/psalms/83-17.htm">Psalm 83:17,18</a> Let them be confounded and troubled for ever; yea, let them be put to shame, and perish: … <a href="/ezekiel/25-17.htm">Ezekiel 25:17</a> And I will execute great vengeance upon them with furious rebukes; and they shall know that I am the LORD, when I shall lay my vengeance upon them.the most High.<a href="/daniel/4-25.htm">Daniel 4:25,32-35</a> That they shall drive thee from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and they shall make thee to eat grass as oxen, and they shall wet thee with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee, till thou know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will… <a href="/daniel/2-21.htm">Daniel 2:21</a> And he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding:<a href="/daniel/5-18.htm">Daniel 5:18-21</a> O thou king, the most high God gave Nebuchadnezzar thy father a kingdom, and majesty, and glory, and honour: … giveth.<a href="/psalms/75-6.htm">Psalm 75:6,7</a> For promotion cometh neither from the east, nor from the west, nor from the south… the basest.<a href="/daniel/4-25.htm">Daniel 4:25</a> That they shall drive thee from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and they shall make thee to eat grass as oxen, and they shall wet thee with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee, till thou know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/daniel/4-13.htm">Angelic</a> <a href="/ezekiel/29-15.htm">Basest</a> <a href="/daniel/3-22.htm">Command</a> <a href="/daniel/2-8.htm">Decision</a> <a href="/daniel/4-6.htm">Decree</a> <a href="/ezekiel/34-10.htm">Demand</a> <a href="/daniel/2-21.htm">Gives</a> <a href="/daniel/4-2.htm">High</a> <a href="/daniel/4-13.htm">Holy</a> <a href="/daniel/2-30.htm">Intent</a> <a href="/daniel/4-3.htm">Kingdom</a> <a href="/ezekiel/42-6.htm">Lowest</a> <a href="/daniel/3-16.htm">Matter</a> <a href="/ezekiel/46-4.htm">Ones</a> <a href="/daniel/3-22.htm">Order</a> <a href="/ezekiel/44-24.htm">Rules</a> <a href="/ecclesiastes/9-17.htm">Ruleth</a> <a href="/daniel/2-15.htm">Sentence</a> <a href="/daniel/2-21.htm">Sets</a> <a href="/jeremiah/4-16.htm">Watchers</a> <a href="/ezekiel/23-7.htm">Whomsoever</a> <a href="/daniel/3-28.htm">Word</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/2_peter/2-10.htm">Angelic</a> <a href="/ezekiel/29-15.htm">Basest</a> <a href="/daniel/4-26.htm">Command</a> <a href="/daniel/4-24.htm">Decision</a> <a href="/daniel/4-24.htm">Decree</a> <a href="/matthew/27-20.htm">Demand</a> <a href="/daniel/4-25.htm">Gives</a> <a href="/daniel/4-24.htm">High</a> <a href="/daniel/4-18.htm">Holy</a> <a href="/daniel/11-27.htm">Intent</a> <a href="/daniel/4-18.htm">Kingdom</a> <a href="/matthew/20-27.htm">Lowest</a> <a href="/daniel/5-15.htm">Matter</a> <a href="/daniel/7-24.htm">Ones</a> <a href="/daniel/5-29.htm">Order</a> <a href="/daniel/4-25.htm">Rules</a> <a href="/daniel/4-25.htm">Ruleth</a> <a href="/amos/1-3.htm">Sentence</a> <a href="/daniel/5-21.htm">Sets</a> <a href="/matthew/28-4.htm">Watchers</a> <a href="/daniel/5-21.htm">Whomsoever</a> <a href="/daniel/4-31.htm">Word</a><div class="vheading2">Daniel 4</div>1. <a href="/daniel/4-1.htm">Nebuchadnezzar confesses God's kingdom,</a> 4. <a href="/daniel/4-4.htm">makes relation of his dreams, which the magicians could not interpret.</a> 8. <a href="/daniel/4-8.htm">Daniel hears the dream.</a> 19. <a href="/daniel/4-19.htm">He interprets it.</a> 28. <a href="/daniel/4-28.htm">The dream fulfilled.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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In the context of Daniel, these watchers are part of the heavenly court that oversees the affairs of humanity. The concept of watchers is unique to the book of Daniel and reflects the belief in a divine council that participates in the governance of the world. This decree emphasizes the sovereignty of God and His use of angelic beings to execute His plans.the verdict declared by the holy ones The "holy ones" are likely synonymous with the watchers, emphasizing their purity and divine authority. This phrase underscores the idea that the decision is not arbitrary but comes from a place of divine holiness and justice. The use of "verdict" suggests a legal or judicial decision, reinforcing the theme of divine judgment found throughout the book of Daniel.so that the living will know This phrase indicates the purpose of the decree: to reveal a truth to all humanity. It highlights the didactic nature of God's actions, aiming to teach and demonstrate His power and authority. The emphasis on "the living" suggests that this knowledge is meant for those currently alive, underscoring the immediacy and relevance of the message.that the Most High rules over the kingdom of mankind The title "Most High" is a common designation for God in the Old Testament, emphasizing His supreme authority over all creation. This phrase asserts God's ultimate control over earthly kingdoms, a central theme in Daniel. It serves as a reminder that no human power can supersede divine authority, a message particularly relevant in the context of Babylonian dominance during Daniel's time.and gives it to whom He wishes This statement highlights God's sovereignty in appointing rulers and leaders according to His divine will. It reflects the biblical theme that earthly authority is granted by God, as seen in other scriptures like <a href="/romans/13.htm">Romans 13:1</a>. This idea would have been particularly poignant for the Israelites in exile, reminding them that their situation was under God's control.setting over it the lowliest of men. This phrase suggests that God often chooses the humble or unexpected to fulfill His purposes, a recurring biblical theme. It echoes the idea found in <a href="/1_samuel/2-7.htm">1 Samuel 2:7-8</a> and <a href="/luke/1-52.htm">Luke 1:52</a>, where God exalts the humble and brings down the proud. This can be seen as a foreshadowing of Christ, who, though humble and lowly, is exalted as King of Kings. It also serves as a reminder that God's criteria for leadership differ from human expectations.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/n/nebuchadnezzar.htm">Nebuchadnezzar</a> The king of Babylon who receives the dream and its interpretation. His pride and subsequent humbling are central to the account. 2. <a href="/topical/w/watchers.htm">Watchers</a> Angelic beings who deliver the decree. They are seen as messengers of God's will. 3. <a href="/topical/h/holy_ones.htm">Holy Ones</a> Likely synonymous with the watchers, emphasizing their sanctity and divine authority. 4. <a href="/topical/t/the_most_high.htm">The Most High</a> A title for God, emphasizing His supreme authority over earthly kingdoms. 5. <a href="/topical/b/babylon.htm">Babylon</a> The kingdom over which Nebuchadnezzar rules, representing human power and pride.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty.htm">God's Sovereignty</a> Recognize that God is in control of all earthly kingdoms and leaders. This truth should bring comfort and assurance, especially in times of political uncertainty. <a href="/topical/h/humility_before_god.htm">Humility Before God</a> Nebuchadnezzar's account is a cautionary tale about pride. We must remain humble, acknowledging that any position or power we hold is granted by God. <a href="/topical/d/divine_justice.htm">Divine Justice</a> Trust in God's perfect justice. He appoints leaders according to His purposes, even when we do not understand His reasons. <a href="/topical/r/role_of_angels.htm">Role of Angels</a> Understand the role of angelic beings as messengers and executors of God's will, reminding us of the unseen spiritual realm that influences earthly events. <a href="/topical/p/purpose_of_revelation.htm">Purpose of Revelation</a> The revelation to Nebuchadnezzar serves to teach that God desires all people to recognize His authority and submit to His rule.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_daniel_4.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Daniel 4</a> <a href="/q/does_god_judge_nations_today.htm">Does God continue to judge nations today?</a> <a href="/q/how_can_i_be_bold_through_faith_in_god.htm">How can I be bold through faith in God?</a> <a href="/q/who_are_the_grigori_angels.htm">Who are the Grigori, the Watcher Angels?</a> <a href="/q/what's_the_reformed_church_in_america.htm">What is the Reformed Church in America?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/daniel/4.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(17) By the decree--i.e., the message to the king rests on this decree or sentence, and it is ascribed to the "watcher," because to him pertained the execution of the decree.The demand.--Comp. <a href="/isaiah/44-26.htm" title="That confirms the word of his servant, and performes the counsel of his messengers; that said to Jerusalem, You shall be inhabited; and to the cities of Judah, You shall be built, and I will raise up the decayed places thereof:">Isaiah 44:26</a>. According to the use of the word in Chaldee elsewhere, this can be the only true meaning. The "holy one" makes this request of God, and the carrying out of His decree pertains to the "watcher." "This," says Dr. Pusey, "gives another glimpse into the interest of the holy angels in ourselves. They, too, longed that oppression should cease, and joining in the cry which for ever is going up from the oppressed to the throne of mercy and judgment, prayed for that chastisement which was to relieve the oppressed and convert the oppressor" (Lectures on Daniel, p. 525).Ruleth . . .--i.e., Almighty God disposes of human empires as He pleases. (Comp. <a href="/daniel/5-21.htm" title="And he was driven from the sons of men; and his heart was made like the beasts, and his dwelling was with the wild asses: they fed him with grass like oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven; till he knew that the most high God ruled in the kingdom of men, and that he appoints over it whomsoever he will.">Daniel 5:21</a>.)<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/daniel/4.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 17. - This matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy odes: to the intent that the living may know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will, and setteth up over it the basest of men. In this verse the difference between the Septuagint text - we mean the text behind that version - and that of the Massoretes is great. It is as follows: "Until he know the Lord of heaven to have power over all things which are in heaven and on the earth, and such things as he willeth to do, he doeth." This, as may be observed, is very much briefer than the Massoretic, and hence, to a certain extent, to be preferred. It is, however, difficult to imagine the genesis of the one from the other, as they have only two words in common in a similar connection, שַׁלִּיּט (shaleet) and ינְדְּעוּן (yinedeoon)' If we start with the supposition that the Massoretic text is the primary, we have a difficulty in seeing what reason induced this peculiar form of condensation. Had it been to get rid of the decree of the watchers, and the demand of the holy ones, that clause might have been simply omitted, and the sense would have given no sign of anything having been omitted. If, again, we start with the Septuagint text as our basis, it is difficult to understand what led to the insertion of "the decree of the watchers" and "the demand of the holy ones." Of course, the period of the Persian domination and that of the early Greek supremacy was one in which the angelic hierarchy was enormously increased and made vastly more complex than it had been before. Further, it is to be noted that "the watchers," עירין ('ereen), are here distinguished absolutely from "the holy ones," קַדִישִׁין (gad-deesbeen), whereas in ver. 10 (13) "the watchers" and "the holy ones" are identified. This distinction is made in later Jewish commentators, and therefore its. presence here, fin contradistinction to ver. 13, is proof of a relatively late origin for this clause. Zockler would avoid this by asserting a parallelism of members in this sentence; but, in the first place, this is not verse, but prose, and therefore parallelism need not be expected. Further, גְזֵדֵת (gezayrath) is "a decree" given by a person in authority, and צּצּצּ (sh'alayth) is "a petition" presented to one in authority. So far from the two being identified in the verse before us, the watchers and the holy ones are as absolutely contrasted as they can be. Bevan simply appeals to ver. 10 (13) to prove their identity - sense has no influence with him. When we turn to Theodotion, we find that, in his practical identity with the Massoretic text, he has preserved the contrast between "decree" and "petition," the former word being represented by σύγκριμα, and the second by ἐπερώτημα. These two words represent fairly well the distinction between גְצֵרֵת (gezayrath), and שְׁאַלֵת (sh'alayth). It is probable that σύγκριμα is used instead of κρίμα in order to show that εἴρ is to be regarded as genitive plural. The Peshitta follows the Massoretic, but less closely. It has עיר, "watcher," in the singular. This clause in the Syriac should be rendered, "according to the decrees of the watcher is this order, and according to the word of the holy one is the request;" it retains the distinction in question much as it is in the received text, but with a distinct difference of meaning in regard to the ether words of the clause. So, too, Jerome in the Vulgate translates, "In sententia vigilum decretum eat et sermo sanctorum et petitio," thus maintaining, in all the confusion there is in this rendering, the distinction we have referred to. In the final clause, the Vulgate is further astray from the Massoretic. translating, super eum. The theology of this passage is singular, so singular that, were it not for the omission of the passage from the Septuagint. and its contradiction of ver. 13, we might be inclined to think it must be genuine. (For a similar statement, see <a href="/galatians/3-19.htm">Galatians 3:19</a>, "The Law... was ordained by angels;" <a href="/hebrews/2-2.htm">Hebrews 2:2</a>, "If the word spoken by angels was steadfast.") The view seems to be that the Almighty had a council of angels, and before them was every question discussed ere it was decreed. In short, that there was a heavenly sanhedrin, corresponding to that on earth - an idea which was developed by the Talmudists. It appears in Enoch, not vet fully developed. In Enoch 12. certain of the watchers are denounced as having defiled themselves with women; in ch. 20. we have the name of the holy angels who watch, and in this chapter we have the different provinces assigned to each of them. Six are enumerated. They have thus no collective function. In the portion of Enoch preserved in Syncellus, men are represented as calling to the heavens, and addressing them; and the four angels, Michael, Uriel, Raphael, and Gabriel, give answer by looking down upon the earth, and they see the blood that is being shed by violence. Then follows the statement, "And the four archangels came before the Lord, and said." They may be here said to act in a collective capacity, but they have no deliberative function, still less have they any power to decree. The interpolated verse before us thus represents an angelo-logy more developed than that of the date of the Book of Enoch. And setteth up over it the basest of men. This phrase suggests the "vile person," נִבְּזֶה (nibezeh), of <a href="/daniel/11-21.htm">Daniel 11:21</a>, who is probably Epiphanes - the reference in this interpolated verse is not unlikely the same. The Syriac form of עליה in the K'thib has to be observed. One peculiarity which points to interpolation is the Hebrew plural here used, אֶנָשִׁים (anasheem). Were it not that our suspicions of this verse are deepened by examination of it, we should be inclined to see a reference to that usurpation of Nebuchadnezzar's throne, which Lenormant thinks is implied in the title Neriglissar gives to his father. There seems to be a reference to something like this in ver. 24 of this chapter, according to the version of the LXX. <a href="/commentaries/daniel/4-17.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>This decision פִּתְגָמָ֔א (piṯ·ḡā·mā) Noun - masculine singular determinate <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6600.htm">Strong's 6600: </a> A word, answer, letter, decree is the decree בִּגְזֵרַ֤ת (biḡ·zê·raṯ) Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1510.htm">Strong's 1510: </a> A decree of the watchers, עִירִין֙ (‘î·rîn) Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5894.htm">Strong's 5894: </a> Waking or wakeful one the verdict שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑א (šə·’ê·lə·ṯā) Noun - feminine singular determinate <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7595.htm">Strong's 7595: </a> A question, judicial decision, mandate declared וּמֵאמַ֥ר (ū·mê·mar) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3983.htm">Strong's 3983: </a> Something, said, an edict by the holy ones, קַדִּישִׁ֖ין (qad·dî·šîn) Adjective - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6922.htm">Strong's 6922: </a> Sacred, God, an angel, a saint, a sanctuary so that עַד־ (‘aḏ-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5705.htm">Strong's 5705: </a> Even to, until the living חַ֠יַּיָּא (ḥay·yay·yā) Adjective - masculine plural determinate <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2417.htm">Strong's 2417: </a> Alive, life will know יִנְדְּע֣וּן (yin·də·‘ūn) Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3046.htm">Strong's 3046: </a> To know that דִּֽי־ (dî-) Pronoun - relative <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1768.htm">Strong's 1768: </a> Who, which, that, because the Most High עִלָּאָ֜ה (‘il·lā·’āh) Adjective - masculine singular determinate <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5943.htm">Strong's 5943: </a> highest', a name of God is ruler שַׁלִּ֨יט (šal·lîṭ) Adjective - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7990.htm">Strong's 7990: </a> Mighty, permission, a premier over the kingdom בְּמַלְכ֣וּת (bə·mal·ḵūṯ) Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4437.htm">Strong's 4437: </a> Royalty, reign, kingdom of mankind, אֲנָשָׁ֗א‪‬ (’ă·nā·šā) Noun - masculine singular determinate <a href="/hebrew/strongs_606.htm">Strong's 606: </a> Man, mankind and gives it יִתְּנִנַּ֔הּ (yit·tə·nin·nah) Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5415.htm">Strong's 5415: </a> To give to whom וּלְמַן־ (ū·lə·man-) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Interrogative <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4479.htm">Strong's 4479: </a> Who, what He wishes, יִצְבֵּא֙ (yiṣ·bê) Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6634.htm">Strong's 6634: </a> To be inclined, desire, be pleased setting יְקִ֥ים (yə·qîm) Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6966.htm">Strong's 6966: </a> To arise, stand over it עֲלַֽהּ׃ (‘ă·lah) Preposition | third person feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> Above, over, upon, against the lowliest וּשְׁפַ֥ל (ū·šə·p̄al) Conjunctive waw | Adjective - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8215.htm">Strong's 8215: </a> Low (in station) of men.? אֲנָשִׁ֖ים (’ă·nā·šîm) Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_606.htm">Strong's 606: </a> Man, mankind <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/daniel/4-17.htm">Daniel 4:17 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/daniel/4-17.htm">OT Prophets: Daniel 4:17 The sentence is by the decree (Dan. Da Dn) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/daniel/4-16.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Daniel 4:16"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Daniel 4:16" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/daniel/4-18.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Daniel 4:18"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Daniel 4:18" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>