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Sekundárna hypotyreóza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2._Sekundárna_hypotyreóza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-3._Subklinická_hypotyreóza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#3._Subklinická_hypotyreóza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>3. Subklinická hypotyreóza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-3._Subklinická_hypotyreóza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-4._Myxedémová_koma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#4._Myxedémová_koma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>4. Myxedémová koma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-4._Myxedémová_koma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Príznaky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Príznaky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Príznaky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Príznaky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liečba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liečba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Liečba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liečba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prevencia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prevencia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Prevencia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prevencia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prognóza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prognóza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Prognóza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prognóza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referencie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externé_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externé_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Externé odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externé_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hypotyreóza</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 61 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="قصور الدرقية – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قصور الدرقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoz" title="Hipotireoz – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hipotireoz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%B2_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="تروئیدین آز چالیشماسی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تروئیدین آز چالیشماسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%B7" title="Гіпатэрыёз – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гіпатэрыёз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Хипотиреоидизъм – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хипотиреоидизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AE" title="হাইপোথাইরয়েডিজম – bengálčina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হাইপোথাইরয়েডিজম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoidizam" title="Hipotireoidizam – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hipotireoidizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiro%C3%AFdisme" title="Hipotiroïdisme – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hipotiroïdisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotyre%C3%B3za" title="Hypotyreóza – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hypotyreóza" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyreose" title="Hypothyreose – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hypothyreose" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%80%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%95%DE%AF%DE%8C%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%83%DE%AE%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%91%DE%A8%DE%92%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0" title="ހައިޕޯތައިރޮއިޑިޒަމް – maldivčina" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ހައިޕޯތައިރޮއިޑިޒަމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="maldivčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Υποθυρεοειδισμός – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υποθυρεοειδισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroidism" title="Hypothyroidism – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hypothyroidism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidismo" title="Hipotiroidismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidismo" title="Hipotiroidismo – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BCpot%C3%BCreoos" title="Hüpotüreoos – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hüpotüreoos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidismo" title="Hipotiroidismo – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="کم‌کاری تیروئید – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کم‌کاری تیروئید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilpirauhasen_vajaatoiminta" title="Kilpirauhasen vajaatoiminta – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kilpirauhasen vajaatoiminta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyro%C3%AFdie" title="Hypothyroïdie – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hypothyroïdie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipit%C3%ADor%C3%B3ideacht" title="Hipitíoróideacht – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hipitíoróideacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%AA-%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1" title="תת-פעילות של בלוטת התריס – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תת-פעילות של בלוטת התריס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="अवटु अल्पक्रियता – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अवटु अल्पक्रियता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoidizam" title="Hipotireoidizam – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hipotireoidizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%B8%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B8%D5%A6" title="Հիպոթիրեոզ – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիպոթիրեոզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidisme" title="Hipotiroidisme – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hipotiroidisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroidism" title="Hypothyroidism – igboština" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Hypothyroidism" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igboština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipotiroidismo" title="Ipotiroidismo – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8A%B6%E8%85%BA%E6%A9%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%8E%E4%B8%8B%E7%97%87" title="甲状腺機能低下症 – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="甲状腺機能低下症" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="ჰიპოთირეოზი – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰიპოთირეოზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%91%EC%83%81%EC%83%98%EC%A0%80%ED%95%98%EC%A6%9D" title="갑상샘저하증 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="갑상샘저하증" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Гипотиреоз – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гипотиреоз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyreosis" title="Hypothyreosis – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hypothyreosis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoze" title="Hipotireoze – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hipotireoze" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Хипотироидизам – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хипотироидизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidisme" title="Hipotiroidisme – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hipotiroidisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AE" title="हाइपोथाइरोडिजम – nepálčina" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हाइपोथाइरोडिजम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyreo%C3%AFdie" title="Hypothyreoïdie – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hypothyreoïdie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotyreose" title="Hypotyreose – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hypotyreose" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%B3%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A5%E0%AC%BF_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%B1%E0%AC%B3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE" title="ଗଳଗ୍ରନ୍ଥି ସ୍ୱଳ୍ପକ୍ରିୟତା – uríjčina" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଗଳଗ୍ରନ୍ଥି ସ୍ୱଳ୍ପକ୍ରିୟତା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="uríjčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niedoczynno%C5%9B%C4%87_tarczycy" title="Niedoczynność tarczycy – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niedoczynność tarczycy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%DA%89%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="هايپوتايرايډيزم – paštčina" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هايپوتايرايډيزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidismo" title="Hipotiroidismo – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hipotiroidismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidism" title="Hipotiroidism – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hipotiroidism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Гипотиреоз – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гипотиреоз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotireoza" title="Hipotireoza – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hipotireoza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroidism" title="Hypothyroidism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hypothyroidism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidizem" title="Hipotiroidizem – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hipotiroidizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Хипотиреоза – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хипотиреоза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotyreos" title="Hypotyreos – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hypotyreos" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="தைராய்டு சுரப்புக் குறை – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தைராய்டு சுரப்புக் குறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A5%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="హైపోథైరాయిడిజం – telugčina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హైపోథైరాయిడిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="ภาวะต่อมไทรอยด์ทำงานน้อย – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาวะต่อมไทรอยด์ทำงานน้อย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipotireoz" title="Gipotireoz – turkménčina" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gipotireoz" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipotiroidi" title="Hipotiroidi – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hipotiroidi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Гипотиреоз – tatárčina" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гипотиреоз" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%97%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Гіпотиреоїдизм – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гіпотиреоїдизм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipotireoz" title="Gipotireoz – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gipotireoz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suy_gi%C3%A1p" title="Suy giáp – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Suy giáp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8A%B6%E8%85%BA%E6%9C%BA%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%8E%E4%B8%8B%E7%97%87" title="甲状腺机能低下症 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="甲状腺机能低下症" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8B%80%E8%85%BA%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BD%8E%E4%B8%8B%E7%97%87" title="甲狀腺功能低下症 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="甲狀腺功能低下症" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" 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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhľad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skryť</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">z Wikipédie, slobodnej encyklopédie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><p>Hypotyreóza je choroba z nedostatku <a href="/wiki/Horm%C3%B3n" title="Hormón">hormónov</a> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%ADtna_%C5%BE%C4%BEaza" title="Štítna žľaza">štítnej žľazy</a> - <a href="/wiki/Tyrox%C3%ADn" title="Tyroxín">tyroxínu</a> (T4) a <a href="/wiki/Trij%C3%B3dtyron%C3%ADn" title="Trijódtyronín">trijódtyronínu</a> (T3), spočiatku s nenápadnými, neskôr s charakteristickými klinickými príznakmi, postihujúca najmä starších ľudí. Je to najčastejšia <a href="/wiki/Horm%C3%B3n" title="Hormón">hormonálna</a> porucha, v súčasnosti veľmi zriedkavo smrteľná, pomerne ľahko diagnostikovateľná a dobre liečiteľná podávaním chýbajúcich hormónov vo forme tabletiek. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Epidemiológia"><span id="Epidemiol.C3.B3gia"></span>Epidemiológia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Epidemiológia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Epidemiológia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:CDpic1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/CDpic1.png/220px-CDpic1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/CDpic1.png/330px-CDpic1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/CDpic1.png 2x" data-file-width="403" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>Dieťa s hypotyreózou</figcaption></figure> <p>Vyskytuje sa častejšie o žien, u ľudí vo vyššom veku (nad 50 rokov) a v oblastiach s nedostatkom <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3d" title="Jód">jódu</a> v strave. Vo vyspelých krajinách na ňu trpí niekoľko percent obyvateľov. Častejšia je v menej rozvinutých krajinách, kde nie je zavedená jodidácia soli. Na Slovensku bývali v minulosti oblasti (severozápadné Slovensko, Žitný ostrov a iné) s <a href="/wiki/Endemickos%C5%A5" class="mw-disambig" title="Endemickosť">endemickým</a> výskytom hypotyreózy, ktorá postihovala desiatky percent, niekde až väčšinu populácie. Po zavedení <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jodid%C3%A1cia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jodidácia (stránka neexistuje)">jodidácie</a> kuchynskej soli (v súčasnosti pridávanie cca 25 miligramov <a href="/wiki/Jodid_draseln%C3%BD" title="Jodid draselný">jodidu draselného</a> na kilogram kuchynskej soli) sa Slovensko zaradilo medzi vyspelé krajiny s nízkym výskytom hypotyreózy. Častá je aj subklinická hypotyreóza, naopak zriedkavé sú vrodené hypotyreózy u detí (zlomky percenta populácie).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ešte začiatkom 20. storočia sa v endemických oblastiach Slovenska, hlavne v najchudobnejších skupinách obyvateľstva vyskytoval endemický <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kretenizmus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kretenizmus (stránka neexistuje)">kretenizmus</a> - už od raného detstva rozvinutá hypotyreóza v dôsledku nedostatku jódu v strave.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Patofyziológia"><span id="Patofyziol.C3.B3gia"></span>Patofyziológia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Patofyziológia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Patofyziológia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Primárna hypotyreóza</b> (periférna) je následkom zníženej činnosti <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%ADtna_%C5%BE%C4%BEaza" title="Štítna žľaza">štítnej žľazy</a>. Vzniká najčastejšie v dôsledku nedostatku jódu, ktorý je súčasťou hormónov štítnej žľazy (tyreoidálnych). Ďalšie možné príčiny sú vrodená porucha syntézy tyreoidálnych hormónov, poškodenie štítnej žľazy zápalom - po akútnej <a href="/wiki/Tyreoidit%C3%ADda" title="Tyreoiditída">tyreoiditíde</a>, pri chronickej autoimúnnej thyreoiditíde (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hashimotova_choroba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hashimotova choroba (stránka neexistuje)">Hashimotovej chorobe</a>) a ďalších zápalových chorobách, alebo poškodenie štítnej žľazy liečbou - chirurgickým zákrokom, liekmi alebo ožiarením. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Joseph_le_cr%C3%A9tin_-_Fonds_Trutat_-_MHNT.PHa.912.PR34.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Joseph_le_cr%C3%A9tin_-_Fonds_Trutat_-_MHNT.PHa.912.PR34.jpg/220px-Joseph_le_cr%C3%A9tin_-_Fonds_Trutat_-_MHNT.PHa.912.PR34.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Joseph_le_cr%C3%A9tin_-_Fonds_Trutat_-_MHNT.PHa.912.PR34.jpg/330px-Joseph_le_cr%C3%A9tin_-_Fonds_Trutat_-_MHNT.PHa.912.PR34.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Joseph_le_cr%C3%A9tin_-_Fonds_Trutat_-_MHNT.PHa.912.PR34.jpg/440px-Joseph_le_cr%C3%A9tin_-_Fonds_Trutat_-_MHNT.PHa.912.PR34.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9269" data-file-height="11917" /></a><figcaption>Dobový obrázok dospelého pacienta s kretenizmom</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Sekundárna hypotyreóza</b> (centrálna) je spôsobená poruchou regulácie činnosti štítnej žľazy pri nedostatočnej tvorbe stimulujúceho hormónu <a href="/wiki/Tyreotrop%C3%ADn" title="Tyreotropín">tyreotropínu</a> (TSH) v <a href="/wiki/Podmozgov%C3%A1_%C5%BE%C4%BEaza" title="Podmozgová žľaza">hypofýze,</a> ďalšieho nadradeného regulátora TRH v <a href="/wiki/Podl%C3%B4%C5%BEko" title="Podlôžko">hypotalame</a> a tiež pri nedostatočnej funkcii <a href="/wiki/Nadobli%C4%8Dka" title="Nadoblička">nadobličiek</a> (adrenálnej insufficiencii). Hypotyreóza tiež môže vzniknúť ako nežiadúci účinok liečby antagonistami dopamínu, amiodaronom, lítiom, interferónom alfa alebo pri predávkovaní liečby tyreostatikami. </p><p>Častá je aj subklinická hypotyreóza - ľahká, bezpríznaková porucha funkcie štítnej žľazy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klasifikácia"><span id="Klasifik.C3.A1cia"></span>Klasifikácia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Klasifikácia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Klasifikácia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1.Primárna_hypotyreóza"><span id="1.Prim.C3.A1rna_hypotyre.C3.B3za"></span>1.Primárna hypotyreóza</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: 1.Primárna hypotyreóza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce 1.Primárna hypotyreóza"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>a) vrodená pri poruche vývoja samotnej štítnej žľazy, pri vrodených poruchách syntézy hormónov (defekty tyreoglobulínu, defekt nátriovo-jódového symportéra, mutácie FOXE1, NKX2-1, PAXB) alebo poruchách regulácie činnosti štítnej žľazy (defekty TSH receptoru, Pendredov syndróm, spojený vrodenou hluchotou) </p><p>b) získaná porucha funkcie štítnej žľazy následkom zápalového ochorenia - <a href="/wiki/Tyreoidit%C3%ADda" title="Tyreoiditída">tyreoiditídy</a>, poškodením operáciou, žiarením alebo liekmi </p><p>c) hypotyreóza pri <a href="/wiki/Downov_syndr%C3%B3m" title="Downov syndróm">Downovom syndróme</a> alebo pri ochoreniach endokrinných žliaz, napr. adrenálnej insufficiencii (nedostatočnej funkcii <a href="/wiki/Nadobli%C4%8Dka" title="Nadoblička">nadobličiek</a> - napr. <a href="/wiki/Addisonova_choroba" title="Addisonova choroba">Addisonova choroba</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2._Sekundárna_hypotyreóza"><span id="2._Sekund.C3.A1rna_hypotyre.C3.B3za"></span>2. Sekundárna hypotyreóza</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: 2. Sekundárna hypotyreóza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce 2. Sekundárna hypotyreóza"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vzniká pri ochoreniach <a href="/wiki/Podmozgov%C3%A1_%C5%BE%C4%BEaza" title="Podmozgová žľaza">hypofýzy</a> alebo <a href="/wiki/Hypotalamus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypotalamus">hypotalamu</a> so znížením tvorby regulačných hormónov <a href="/wiki/Tyreotrop%C3%ADn" title="Tyreotropín">tyreotropínu</a> (TSH) a TRH. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="3._Subklinická_hypotyreóza"><span id="3._Subklinick.C3.A1_hypotyre.C3.B3za"></span>3. Subklinická hypotyreóza</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Upraviť sekciu: 3. Subklinická hypotyreóza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce 3. Subklinická hypotyreóza"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Je to stav s normálnymi hladinami voľnej frakcie tyroxínu a trijódtyronínu  (fT4 a fT3) v sére, ale zvýšenou hladinou TSH, ktorá znamená nutnosť zvýšenej stimulácie štítnej žľazy regulačnými hormónmi, aby sa dosiahla normálna hladina tyroxínu v krvi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="4._Myxedémová_koma"><span id="4._Myxed.C3.A9mov.C3.A1_koma"></span>4. Myxedémová koma</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Upraviť sekciu: 4. Myxedémová koma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce 4. Myxedémová koma"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Najťažšia, život ohrozujúca forma hypotyreózy. Okrem popísaných príznakov hypotyreózy sa prejavuje rýchle sa zhoršujúcou poruchou vedomia, výrazným poklesom krvného tlaku, spomalením pulzu, plytkým dýchaním, nízkou telesnou teplotou. Vyšetrením sa zisťuje nízka koncentrácia glukózy v krvi (hypoglykémia),  znížená koncentrácia sodíka v krvi (hyponatrémia), tekutina v <a href="/w/index.php?title=Osrdcovn%C3%ADk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osrdcovník (stránka neexistuje)">osrdcovníku</a>, pohrudničnej dutine a v brušnej dutine (<a href="/wiki/Bru%C5%A1n%C3%A1_vodnatie%C4%BEka" title="Brušná vodnatieľka">ascites</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Príznaky"><span id="Pr.C3.ADznaky"></span>Príznaky</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Upraviť sekciu: Príznaky" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Príznaky"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Myxedema_face.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Myxedema_face.png/220px-Myxedema_face.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Myxedema_face.png/330px-Myxedema_face.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Myxedema_face.png/440px-Myxedema_face.png 2x" data-file-width="655" data-file-height="905" /></a><figcaption>Tvár dospelého pacienta s myxedémom</figcaption></figure> <p>Závisia od stupňa hypotyreózy, jej trvaní, rýchlosti vzniku aj na organizme pacienta a jeho vnímavosti. Pacient nemusí mať skoro žiadne ťažkosti, ľahká choroba býva často diagnostikovaná náhodne. Medzi typické príznaky hypotyreózy patrí zvýšená únavnosť, nevýkonnosť, spavosť, psychické zmeny,  zimomravosť, zhoršenie pamäte, priberanie na váhe, zápcha, bolesti kĺbov, tŕpnutie, u žien poruchy až strata <a href="/wiki/Men%C5%A1tru%C3%A1cia" title="Menštruácia">menštruácie</a>. Príznaky sa môžu náhle zhoršiť až do tzv. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Myxed%C3%A9ma_k%C3%B3ma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myxedéma kóma (stránka neexistuje)">myxedémovej kómy</a> s poruchou vitálnych funkcii v prípade stresovej situácie, spôsobenej napríklad iným ochorením alebo závažným úrazom. </p><p>Pri vyšetrení lekár môže zistiť početné príznaky, samé osebe necharakteristické: pacient sa javí "spomalený", má zhrubnutý hlas, opuchy podkožia a mihalníc, preriedené obočie, suchú pokožku a  lámavé vlasy a nechty, činnosť srdca býva spomalená. Pri hypotyreóze býva hmatateľná alebo aj viditeľná zväčšená štítna žľaza, niekedy veľmi nápadná - <a href="/wiki/Struma" class="mw-disambig" title="Struma">struma</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Struma_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Struma_001.jpg/220px-Struma_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Struma_001.jpg/330px-Struma_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Struma_001.jpg/440px-Struma_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption>Mierne zväčšená štítna žľaza - struma</figcaption></figure> <p>Diagnóza hypotyreózy je postavená na vyšetrení hladiny hormónov v krvi, v prvom rade voľného tyroxínu (fT4, normálne hodnoty 10,5 - 22,7 pmol/l) a tyreotropínu (TSH, normálne koncentrácie 0,5 - 5 mIU/l, v tehotenstve nižšie, u detí vyššie).  Pri primárnej hypotyreóze je zvýšená koncentrácia tyreotropínu (TSH) a znížená koncentrácia tyroxínu (fT4).  Nízke hodnoty TSH a fT4 bývajú pri sekundárnej hypotyreóze, pri subklinickej hypotyreóze je fT4 v norme a TSH v rozmedzí 5-10 mIU/l. Pri pokročilom ochorení klesá aj koncentrácia voľného trijódtyronínu (fT3). Pri autoimúnnej tyreoiditíde sa zisťujú zvýšené hladiny autoprotilátok proti tkanivám štítnej žľazy (aTPO, aTG). Z ostatných laboratórnych nálezov býva zvýšená hladina kreatinkinázy (CK), laktátdehydrogenázy (LD), triacylglyceridov a cholesterolu. Obvyklá je <a href="/wiki/An%C3%A9mia" title="Anémia">anémia</a>, môže sa zistiť znížená koncentrácia sodíka (hyponatriémia). Pri závažnejšej hypotyreóze sa vyskytujú zmeny na <a href="/wiki/Elektrokardiografia" title="Elektrokardiografia">EKG</a> a pri <a href="/wiki/Echokardiografia" title="Echokardiografia">echokardiografickom</a> vyšetrení býva zistená tekutina v osrdcovníku (perikarde).  Zobrazenie štítnej žľazy pri <a href="/wiki/Ultrasonografia_(medic%C3%ADna)" title="Ultrasonografia (medicína)">ultrasonografickom</a> vyšetrení pomáha pri zistení príčiny ochorenia. V niektorých prípadoch sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scintigrafia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scintigrafia (stránka neexistuje)">scintigraficky</a> vyšetruje akumulácia jódu v štítnej žľaze. Spomalenie reflexov pri hypotyreóze sa ešte zriedka využíva diagnosticky, vyšetrením priebehu reflexu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Achillova_%C5%A1%C4%BEacha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Achillova šľacha (stránka neexistuje)">Achillovej šľachy</a>, pričom sa zisťuje predĺženie jeho priebehu. </p><p>Poznámka: abnormálne hodnoty TSH a fT4 sa prechodne vyskytujú aj pri iných ochoreniach, čo je potrebné zvážiť pri stanovovaní diagnózy hypotyreózy a iných ochorení štítnej žľazy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liečba"><span id="Lie.C4.8Dba"></span>Liečba</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Upraviť sekciu: Liečba" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Liečba"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hypothyreóza sa lieči podávaním levotyroxínu (L-T4) v individuálne stanovenej dávke, väčšinou 100 až 150 ug denne. Správnosť dávkovania sa kontroluje vyšetreniami hladiny TSH a fT4. Pri súčasnej nedostatočnej činnosti nadobličiek sa najskôr začína podávať hydrokortizón. Subklinická hypotyreóza sa lieči u tehotných žien a pri hodnotách TSH nad 10 mIU/l, názor na potrebu liečby u pacientov s TSH do 10 mIU/l nie je ustálený. </p><p>Liečba myxedémovej kómy vyžaduje umiestnenie pacienta na jednotku intezívnej starostlivosti, kde je možné sledovanie vitálnych funkcií a ich podpora v prípade potreby. Okrem podávania tyroxínu býva potrebná aj aplikácia <a href="/wiki/Kortizol" title="Kortizol">hydrokortizónu</a>, najmä v prípade súčasnej nedostatočnej funkcie nadobličiek. alebo hypofýzy. Spravidla je potrebné aj vnútrožilové podávanie tekutín, úprava koncentrácie minerálov v krvi, niekedy aj <a href="/wiki/Umel%C3%A1_p%C4%BE%C3%BAcna_ventil%C3%A1cia" title="Umelá pľúcna ventilácia">umelá pľúcna ventilácia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prevencia">Prevencia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Upraviť sekciu: Prevencia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=10" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Prevencia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Profylaktická jodidácia kuchynskej soli výrazne znížila výskyt hypotyreózy. Prevencia sa ďalej zameriava na osoby s ochoreniami štítnej žľazy v pokrvnom príbuzenstve, s <a href="/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus" title="Diabetes mellitus">diabetes mellitus</a> 1. typu a autoimúnnymi ochoreniami, ďalej na pacientky s poruchami menštruačného cyklu a pacientov so zvýšenými koncentráciami lipidov v krvi. Sekundárna prevencia je potrebná po operácii štítnej žľazy, po liečbe rádiojódom, u pacientov po ožarovaní oblasti hlavy a krku a u liečených interferónom, amiodaronom, thalidomidom alebo lítiom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prognóza"><span id="Progn.C3.B3za"></span>Prognóza</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Upraviť sekciu: Prognóza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=11" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Prognóza"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prognóza ochorenia je pri pravidelnom sledovaní pacienta a pri substitučnej liečbe dobrá. Psychické zmeny pri hypotyreóze spôsobujú, že pacient neužíva doporučenú liečbu a nechodí na kontroly, čo môže časom viesť k vzniku ťažkej hypotyreózy alebo až myxedémovej kómy, preto je vhodný dohľad poučených blízkych osôb, prípadne sociálneho alebo zdravotníckeho pracovníka. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Upraviť sekciu: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=12" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Základným zdrojom informácii pre tento článok je Štandardný diagnostický a terapeutický postup u pacienta s hypotyreózou, zverejnený MZd SR:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.standardnepostupy.sk/standardy-endokrinologia/">https://www.standardnepostupy.sk/standardy-endokrinologia/</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencie">Referencie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Upraviť sekciu: Referencie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=13" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Referencie"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">ORLANDER, Philip R.. Hypothyroidism: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology. <i>Medscape eMedicine</i> (Medscape), 2022-06-01. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/122393-overview">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2023-01-06]. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">AKTUALITY.SK. <i>Príbeh jódu na Slovensku</i> [online]. Aktuality.sk, [cit. 2023-01-06]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aktuality.sk/clanok/5q2mccm/pribeh-jodu-na-slovensku/">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">SR, MEFANET, síť lékařských fakult ČR a. <i>Kretenismus – WikiSkripta</i> [online]. www.wikiskripta.eu, [cit. 2023-01-09]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikiskripta.eu/w/Kretenismus">Dostupné online.</a> (po česky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Štandardy endokrinológia :: SPDTP</i> [online]. www.standardnepostupy.sk, 2022-11-16, [cit. 2023-01-06]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standardnepostupy.sk/standardy-endokrinologia/">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externé_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.A9_odkazy"></span>Externé odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Upraviť sekciu: Externé odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotyre%C3%B3za&action=edit&section=14" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externé odkazy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Príbeh jódu na Slovensku: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.aktuality.sk/clanok/5q2mccm/pribeh-jodu-na-slovensku/">https://www.aktuality.sk/clanok/5q2mccm/pribeh-jodu-na-slovensku/</a> </p><p>Znížená činnosť štítnej žľazy - hypotyreóza: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://lekar.sk/clanok/zniena-innos-titnej-azy-hypotyreoza">https://lekar.sk/clanok/zniena-innos-titnej-azy-hypotyreoza</a> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Zdroj: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreóza&oldid=7629684">https://sk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypotyreóza&oldid=7629684</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kateg%C3%B3rie" title="Špeciálne:Kategórie">Kategórie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Medic%C3%ADna" title="Kategória:Medicína">Medicína</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kateg%C3%B3ria:Endokrinol%C3%B3gia" title="Kategória:Endokrinológia">Endokrinológia</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Dátum a čas poslednej úpravy tejto stránky: 3. september 2023, 11:48.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text je dostupný za podmienok <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 4.0 Unported</a>; prípadne za ďalších podmienok. 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