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Orogenia Laramide - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
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Disponible en 13 idiomas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 idiomas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="تكون جبال لاراميد (árabe)" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تكون جبال لاراميد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orog%C3%A8nesi_laramidiana" title="Orogènesi laramidiana (catalán)" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Orogènesi laramidiana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laramische_Gebirgsbildung" title="Laramische Gebirgsbildung (alemán)" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Laramische Gebirgsbildung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laramide_orogeny" title="Laramide orogeny (inglés)" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Laramide orogeny" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="کوهزایی لارامید (persa)" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوهزایی لارامید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orogen%C3%A8se_laramienne" title="Orogenèse laramienne (francés)" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Orogenèse laramienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%93%D7%99%D7%AA" title="האורוגנזה הלרמידית (hebreo)" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האורוגנזה הלרמידית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orogenesi_laramide" title="Orogenesi laramide (italiano)" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Orogenesi laramide" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9F%E3%83%BC%E5%A4%89%E5%8B%95" title="ララミー変動 (japonés)" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ララミー変動" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laramide_orogenese" title="Laramide orogenese (neerlandés)" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Laramide orogenese" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Ларамийский орогенез (ruso)" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ларамийский орогенез" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laramide_orogeny" title="Laramide orogeny (Simple 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class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="es" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Archivo:Shallow_subduction_Laramide_orogeny.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Shallow_subduction_Laramide_orogeny.gif/250px-Shallow_subduction_Laramide_orogeny.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Shallow_subduction_Laramide_orogeny.gif/375px-Shallow_subduction_Laramide_orogeny.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Shallow_subduction_Laramide_orogeny.gif/500px-Shallow_subduction_Laramide_orogeny.gif 2x" data-file-width="1344" data-file-height="636" /></a><figcaption>La orogenia Laramide fue causada por una subducción de una placa con un ámgulo pequeño.</figcaption></figure> <p>La <b>orogenia Laramide</b> fue un proceso de formación de montañas (<a href="/wiki/Orog%C3%A9nesis" title="Orogénesis">orogénesis</a>) que se produjo en el oeste de Norteamérica y que comenzó en el <a href="/wiki/Cret%C3%A1cico_superior" title="Cretácico superior">Cretácico superior</a> hace unos 70 a 80 millones de años atrás y terminó hace 20 a 55 millones de años. La causa y duración exacta de la orogénesis son objeto de controversia. La orogenia se produjo en una serie de impulsos, alternadas con fases de inactividad. La principal consecuencia fue la formación de las <a href="/wiki/Monta%C3%B1as_Rocosas" title="Montañas Rocosas">Montañas Rocosas</a>, pero pruebas de esta orogénesis se puede encontrar desde <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> hasta el norte de <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9xico" title="México">México</a>, siendo la montaña más oriental la representada por <a href="/wiki/Black_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Hills">Black Hills</a> de <a href="/wiki/Dakota_del_Sur" title="Dakota del Sur">Dakota del Sur</a>. El fenómeno es denominado así por las Montañas Laramie del este de <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>. </p><p>En México formó la <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Madre_Oriental" title="Sierra Madre Oriental">Sierra Madre Oriental</a> (40 a 20 millones de años atrás), alcanzó hasta la parte suroeste de la <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Gorda_(M%C3%A9xico)" title="Sierra Gorda (México)">Sierra Gorda</a> y cubrió las rocas sedimentarias con materiales volcánicos, en general de color claro (<a href="/wiki/Riolita" title="Riolita">riolitas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toba_volc%C3%A1nica" title="Toba volcánica">tobas</a> y algunas otras rocas volcánicas ácidas). Más tarde, desde fines del Terciario y hasta hace unos cuantos milenios, las zonas sur y sureste de la entidad se han visto sujetas a la aparición de varios <a href="/wiki/Volcanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Volcanes">volcanes</a> que han cubierto amplias zonas con <a href="/wiki/Lava" title="Lava">lavas</a> y rocas volcánicas (también llamadas ígneas extrusivas) de varios tipos, entre las que destacan los <a href="/wiki/Basalto" title="Basalto">basaltos</a> (ricos en minerales de <a href="/wiki/Hierro" title="Hierro">hierro</a> y <a href="/wiki/Magnesio" title="Magnesio">magnesio</a>, de color negro, gris oscuro o rojo oscuro, que forman muchos cerros, mesetas y lomas) y las <a href="/wiki/Toba_volc%C3%A1nica" title="Toba volcánica">tobas</a>, producto de la emisión de ceniza (pequeñas partículas de roca) a la <a href="/wiki/Atm%C3%B3sfera" title="Atmósfera">atmósfera</a>, que se han depositado y consolidado formando profundas capas de color amarillento o crema en las llanuras y laderas suaves. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véase_también"><span id="V.C3.A9ase_tambi.C3.A9n"></span>Véase también</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orogenia_Laramide&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar sección: Véase también"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Gorda_(M%C3%A9xico)" title="Sierra Gorda (México)">Sierra Gorda (México)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Madre_Oriental" title="Sierra Madre Oriental">Sierra Madre Oriental</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r161257576">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox table{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{display:flex;padding:0.5em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox-list{border-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox th{background-color:#eeeeff}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#27292d);color:var(--color-base,#eaecf0)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d)!important;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#202122)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox-list{border-color:#202122!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox th{background-color:#27292d!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d)!important;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#27292d)!important;color:var(--color-base,#eaecf0)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d)!important;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#202122)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox-list{border-color:#202122!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox th{background-color:#27292d!important}}</style><div class="mw-authority-control"><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="width: inherit;padding:3px"><table class="hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width: 12%; 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