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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Wikipedia%3ALua" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Running_a_module" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Running_a_module"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Running a module</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Running_a_module-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Running a module subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Running_a_module-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Using_arguments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Using_arguments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Using arguments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Using_arguments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On_VisualEditor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_VisualEditor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>On VisualEditor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On_VisualEditor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Request_a_script" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Request_a_script"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Request a script</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Request_a_script-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-About_Lua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#About_Lua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>About Lua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-About_Lua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unit_testing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unit_testing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Unit testing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unit_testing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MediaWiki-specific_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MediaWiki-specific_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>MediaWiki-specific features</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-MediaWiki-specific_features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle MediaWiki-specific features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-MediaWiki-specific_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lua_input_limitations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lua_input_limitations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Lua input limitations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lua_input_limitations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wikitext" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wikitext"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Wikitext</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wikitext-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labeling_converted_templates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labeling_converted_templates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Labeling converted templates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labeling_converted_templates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Categories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Categories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Categories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Categories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Other pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lua</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ويكيبيديا:لوا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:لوا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BE" title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:লুৱা – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:লুৱা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A2" title="ویکی‌پدیا:لوآ – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:لوآ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:লুয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:লুয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%86" title="विकिपीडिया:लुआ – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="विकिपीडिया:लुआ" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Уикипедия:Модули – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия:Модули" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Lua" title="Viquipèdia:Lua – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Viquipèdia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Moduly" title="Nápověda:Moduly – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nápověda:Moduly" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Lua" title="Hilfe:Lua – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hilfe:Lua" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Lua" title="Wikipedija:Lua – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Wikipedija:Lua" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedio:Lua" title="Vikipedio:Lua – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vikipedio:Lua" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A2" title="ویکی‌پدیا:لوآ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:لوآ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Lua" title="Wikipédia:Lua – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wikipédia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:M%C3%B3dulos" title="Wikipedia:Módulos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wikipedia:Módulos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE:Lua" title="વિકિપીડિયા:Lua – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિકિપીડિયા:Lua" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%A3%A8%EC%95%84" title="위키백과:루아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:루아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Lua" title="Wikipedija:Lua – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wikipedija:Lua" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Lua" title="Wikipedija:Lua – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikipedija:Lua" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Modulo" title="Wikipedia:Modulo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Wikipedia:Modulo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:Moduli" title="Aiuto:Moduli – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aiuto:Moduli" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94:%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%90%D7%94" title="ויקיפדיה:לואה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויקיפדיה:לואה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:Lua" title="Wîkîpediya:Lua – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Wîkîpediya:Lua" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Lua" title="Vicipaedia:Lua – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vicipaedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Lua" title="Vikipēdija:Lua – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vikipēdija:Lua" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedija:Lua" title="Vikipedija:Lua – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vikipedija:Lua" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Lua" title="Wikipédia:Lua – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wikipédia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%86" title="विकिपीडिया:लुआ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विकिपीडिया:लुआ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8:Lua" title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:Lua – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:Lua" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86:%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%86" title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:ଲୁଆ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:ଲୁଆ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediya:Modullar" title="Vikipediya:Modullar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vikipediya:Modullar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86:%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8B" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:ਸਕਰਿਬੁੰਟੋ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:ਸਕਰਿਬੁੰਟੋ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%89%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ويکيپېډيا:لوا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ويکيپېډيا:لوا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Lua" title="Wikipédia:Lua – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Википедия:Модули – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:Модули" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:Lua" title="विकिपीडिया:Lua – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="विकिपीडिया:Lua" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F" title="විකිපීඩියා:ලුවා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විකිපීඩියා:ලුවා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%84%D9%8F%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A7" title="وڪيپيڊيا:لُووا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وڪيپيڊيا:لُووا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Lua" title="Wikipedija:Lua – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wikipedija:Lua" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ویکیپیدیا:لوا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویکیپیدیا:لوا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Википедија:Луа – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Википедија:Луа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Lua" title="Wikipedija:Lua – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wikipedija:Lua" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohje:Lua" title="Ohje:Lua – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ohje:Lua" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2" title="วิกิพีเดีย:ลูอา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกิพีเดีย:ลูอา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi:Lua" title="Vikipedi:Lua – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikipedi:Lua" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Вікіпедія:Модулі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вікіпедія:Модулі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:Lua" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6811431#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage 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links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Wikipedia:Lua" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Lua&oldid=1242437296" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Lua&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWikipedia%3ALua"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWikipedia%3ALua"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wikipedia%3ALua&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Lua&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Lua" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-mediawiki mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Lua/Tutorial" hreflang="en"><span>MediaWiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-sources mw-list-item"><a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Lua_modules" hreflang="en"><span>Multilingual Wikisource</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wiktionary mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Scribunto" hreflang="en"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6811431" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This page is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia project page for MediaWiki Lua modules</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1255822134">.mw-parser-output .template-page-tabs{background:#F8FCFF;color:black;width:100%;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:-4px}.mw-parser-output .template-page-tabs>span{padding:0.5em;line-height:0.95em;border:solid 2px #a3b1bf;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:4px}.mw-parser-output .template-page-tabs>span.spacer{display:flex;padding:0;flex:9px;border-width:0 0 2px 0}.mw-parser-output .template-page-tabs>span.spacer:last-child{flex:1000 1 0}</style><div class="template-page-tabs" style="background:#f8fcff;color:black"><span style="background-color:white;color:black;border-bottom:0;font-weight:bold"><span style="margin: -5px 0;display:inline-block"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/22px-Lua-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/33px-Lua-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/44px-Lua-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="947" data-file-height="947"/></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">WP:Lua</a></span><span class="spacer"> </span><span style="background-color:#e0edf6;color:black;font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Lua" title="Wikipedia talk:Lua">(talk)</a></span><span class="spacer"> </span><span style="background-color:#e0edf6;color:black;font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Lua" title="Help:Lua">Help</a></span><span class="spacer"> </span><span style="background-color:#e0edf6;color:black;font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/To_do" title="Wikipedia:Lua/To do">To do</a></span><span class="spacer"> </span><span style="background-color:#e0edf6;color:black;font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Lua/Resources">Resources</a></span><span class="spacer"> </span><span style="background-color:#e0edf6;color:black;font-size:95%"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual">Reference manual</a></span><span class="spacer"> </span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Special:PrefixIndex/Wikipedia:Lua">Project subpages</a> (<a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Lua" class="extiw" title="mw:Lua">mw:Lua</a> – index at www.mediawiki.org)</li></ul> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia information page</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 5px;"><b>This is an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace#How-to_and_information_pages" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">information page</a>.</b><br/><div style="font-size: 90%;">It is not an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">encyclopedic article</a>, nor one of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Wikipedia's policies or guidelines</a>; rather, its purpose is to explain certain aspects of Wikipedia's norms, customs, technicalities, or practices. It may reflect differing levels of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">consensus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus#Achieving_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">vetting</a>.</div></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:LUA"></span><span id="WP:MODULE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:LUA&redirect=no">WP:LUA</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:MODULE&redirect=no">WP:MODULE</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align: center; font-size: 85%"> <caption><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1045256916">.mw-parser-output .navbar-header{text-align:center;position:relative;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbar-header .navbar{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;margin:0 5px}</style><div class="navbar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Data_structure_and_development" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Wikipedia data structure</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt 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ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Namespaces" title="Template:Namespaces"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Namespaces" title="Template talk:Namespaces"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Namespaces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Namespaces"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">Namespaces</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace#Subject_namespaces" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">Subject namespaces</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk namespaces</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>0 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F#Namespace" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">(Main/Article)</a></td> <td>Talk </td> <th>1 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User</a></td> <td>User talk </td> <th>3 </th></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Wikipedia</a></td> <td>Wikipedia talk </td> <th>5 </th></tr> <tr> <th>6 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">File</a></td> <td>File talk </td> <th>7 </th></tr> <tr> <th>8 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki</a></td> <td>MediaWiki talk </td> <th>9 </th></tr> <tr> <th>10 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template</a></td> <td>Template talk </td> <th>11 </th></tr> <tr> <th>12 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help</a></td> <td>Help talk </td> <th>13 </th></tr> <tr> <th>14 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a></td> <td>Category talk </td> <th>15 </th></tr> <tr> <th>100 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">Portal</a></td> <td>Portal talk </td> <th>101 </th></tr> <tr> <th>118 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drafts" title="Wikipedia:Drafts">Draft</a></td> <td>Draft talk </td> <th>119 </th></tr> <tr> <th>126 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">MOS</a></td> <td>MOS talk </td> <th>127 </th></tr> <tr> <th>710 </th> <td><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedText</a></td> <td>TimedText talk </td> <th>711 </th></tr> <tr> <th>828 </th> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Module</a></td> <td>Module talk </td> <th>829 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace#Former_namespaces" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">Former namespaces</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>108 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Books" title="Wikipedia:Books">Book</a></td> <td>Book talk </td> <th>109 </th></tr> <tr> <th>442 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Course_pages#Education_Program_course_pages" title="Wikipedia:Course pages">Course</a></td> <td>Course talk </td> <th>443 </th></tr> <tr> <th>444 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Course_pages#Education_Program_institution_pages" title="Wikipedia:Course pages">Institution</a></td> <td>Institution talk </td> <th>445 </th></tr> <tr> <th>446 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Course_pages" title="Wikipedia:Course pages">Education Program</a></td> <td>Education Program talk </td> <th>447 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2300 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadget</a></td> <td>Gadget talk </td> <th>2301 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2302 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadget definition</a></td> <td>Gadget definition talk </td> <th>2303 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2600 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Flow" title="Wikipedia:Flow">Topic</a></td> <td> </td> <th>2601 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace#Virtual_namespaces" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">Virtual namespaces</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>-1 </th> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>-2 </th> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Media</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Special:NamespaceInfo" title="Special:NamespaceInfo">Current list</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a> is a programming language that is available via the <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Scribunto">Scribunto</a> <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki_extension" class="mw-redirect" title="MediaWiki extension">MediaWiki extension</a> on the English Wikipedia. Since February 2013, Lua code can be embedded into wiki templates by employing the "{{#invoke:}}" functionality of Scribunto. This extension supports Lua 5.1 as of October 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lua&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. </p><p>The Lua <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> is stored in pages called modules (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Module:Example" title="Module:Example">Module:Example</a>). These individual modules are then invoked (by code <code>{{#invoke:<Module name>|<Function name>|(optional) param1 | param2...}}</code>). Example: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Wikitext </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td><code>{{#invoke:Example|hello}}</code> </td> <td>Hello World! </td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Running_a_module" data-mw-thread-id="h-Running_a_module"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Running_a_module"></span>Running a module<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Running_a_module"></span></h2></div> <p>Modules are run on normal wiki pages using the #invoke parser function. The syntax of #invoke is similar to template syntax, but with some differences. The most important difference is that you need to specify a <i>function name</i>. A function is a set of instructions that takes input values, processes them, and returns an output value.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is much like what a template does: you give it arguments, it processes them, and you get a result. However, you can define many functions in one Lua module, whereas you can only define one template on one page. </p><p>Furthermore, you can't just run a Lua module directly – you can only run one of the module's functions. The module is just a container for the functions, and doesn't do anything by itself. So there are two reasons that we need to input a function name: we can't run a module by itself, and without specifying a function name, Lua will not know which function it is we want to run. </p><p>The simplest way to run a module from a wiki page is like this: </p> <pre>{{#invoke:<i>module name</i>|<i>function name</i>}} </pre> <p>For example, we can run <a href="/wiki/Module:Example" title="Module:Example">Module:Example</a> in this way, which has a function named "hello". </p> <ul><li><code>{{#invoke:Example|hello}}</code> → Hello World!</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Using_arguments" data-mw-thread-id="h-Using_arguments-Running_a_module"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Using_arguments-Running_a_module"></span>Using arguments<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Using_arguments-Running_a_module"></span></h3></div> <p>Arguments are passed to modules in the same way that they are passed to templates. Note, however, that the text after the first pipe character is always the function name; the first positional argument is the text after the <i>second</i> pipe. </p> <pre>{{#invoke:<i>module name</i>|<i>function name</i>|<i>first positional argument</i>|<i>second positional argument</i>|<i>named argument</i> = <i>value</i>}} </pre> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Module:Example" title="Module:Example">Module:Example</a>, the "hello_to" function greets different people depending on the first positional argument. It works like this: </p> <ul><li><code>{{#invoke:Example|hello_to|Kate}}</code> → Hello, Kate!</li> <li><code>{{#invoke:Example|hello_to|Fred}}</code> → Hello, Fred!</li></ul> <p>A third function in <a href="/wiki/Module:Example" title="Module:Example">Module:Example</a>, named "count_fruit", uses the named arguments <code>bananas</code> and <code>apples</code> to count the number of bananas and apples we have. It can be run like this: </p> <ul><li><code>{{#invoke:Example|count_fruit|apples=3|bananas=4}}</code> → I have 4 bananas and 3 apples</li> <li><code>{{#invoke:Example|count_fruit|bananas=5|apples=2}}</code> → I have 5 bananas and 2 apples</li></ul> <p>Most modules have a documentation page explaining what arguments can be used and what their effects will be. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On_VisualEditor" data-mw-thread-id="h-On_VisualEditor-Running_a_module"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-On_VisualEditor-Running_a_module"></span>On VisualEditor<span data-mw-comment-end="h-On_VisualEditor-Running_a_module"></span></h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227084136">.mw-parser-output .tracked{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em;width:12em;border:1px solid #72777d;border-radius:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#EAECF0);color:var(--color-base,#202122);font-size:85%;text-align:center;padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .tracked-url{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .tracked-closure{color:black;font-weight:bold;text-transform:uppercase}.mw-parser-output .tracked-resolved{color:green}</style><div role="note" class="tracked plainlinks mw-trackedTemplate">Tracked in <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="phabricator:">Phabricator</a><br/><span class="tracked-url"><a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T205197" class="extiw" title="phabricator:T205197"><span class="trakfab-T205197"> Task T205197</span></a></span><br/></div> <p>Currently, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> does not allow invoking modules through its interface, even though it can edit existing module invocations. A possible workaround for this is to use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Invoke" title="Template:Invoke">invoke</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> instead. The syntax is very similar to #invoke, so, to use it on VisualEditor, its first unnamed argument must be the module's name, the second the function name, and all arguments passed to the module can be specified <a href="/wiki/Help:VisualEditor#Template_parameters" title="Help:VisualEditor">the same way as for regular templates</a>. Note that it won't work for modules that expect to read data from the calling template (as the calling template is <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Invoke" title="Template:Invoke">invoke</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> itself rather than the page that uses it) as the example below demonstrates: </p> <ul><li><code>{{<a href="/wiki/Module:TEMPLATENAME" title="Module:TEMPLATENAME">#invoke:TEMPLATENAME</a>|main}}</code> → Wikipedia:Lua</li> <li><code>{{invoke|TEMPLATENAME|main}}</code> → Template:Invoke</li></ul> <p>However, that is a pathological case, most modules will behave the same either way. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Request_a_script" data-mw-thread-id="h-Request_a_script"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Request_a_script"></span>Request a script<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Request_a_script"></span></h2></div> <p>Visit <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Lua" title="Wikipedia talk:Lua">Wikipedia talk:Lua</a></b> to request help in writing a Lua script to perform a specific task on Wikipedia or another Wikimedia Foundation project. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="History" data-mw-thread-id="h-History"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-History"></span>History<span data-mw-comment-end="h-History"></span></h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Before_Lua" title="Wikipedia:Before Lua">Wikipedia:Before Lua</a></div> <p><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:MediaWiki_architecture#Magic_words_and_templates" class="extiw" title="mw:Manual:MediaWiki architecture">Sordid history</a>. <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Qif" title="Template:Qif">qif</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions" class="extiw" title="mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions">ParserFunctions</a>, <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Lua" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Lua">Lua extension</a>, wiki scripting language debated (JavaScript v. Lua), <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:WikiScripts" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:WikiScripts">mw:Extension:WikiScripts</a>, Tim writes <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Scribunto">Scribunto</a> with initial support for Lua. </p><p>Discussed for years, Lua was installed in 2012 for testing on <a href="https://test2.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="test2wiki:">test2.wikipedia.org</a>, with open invitation to all editors to experiment with developing Lua modules. Lua was installed on the English Wikipedia in February 2013, after testing on mediawiki.org and Wikimedia test wikis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="About_Lua" data-mw-thread-id="h-About_Lua"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-About_Lua"></span>About Lua<span data-mw-comment-end="h-About_Lua"></span></h2></div> <dl><dd><i>See also <a href="/wiki/File:WMF_Tech_Talk_2013-02-28_slides_-_Scribunto_presentation.pdf" title="File:WMF Tech Talk 2013-02-28 slides - Scribunto presentation.pdf">Brad Jorsch's short presentation for a basic example of how to convert a wikitext template into a Lua module.</a></i></dd></dl> <p>Lua is a <a href="/wiki/Scripting_language" title="Scripting language">scripting language</a> which can be used to analyze data, calculate expressions, and format results using functions or <a href="/wiki/Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">object-oriented programming</a>. Although some Lua scripts can be kept simple, for easy understanding, Lua allows complex structures including tables, dynamic functions, and <a href="/wiki/Associative_array" title="Associative array">associative arrays</a> where index <a href="/wiki/Subscript" class="mw-redirect" title="Subscript">subscripts</a> can be words as well as index numbers. Lua also supports <a href="/wiki/Recursion" title="Recursion">recursion</a> of re-nested functions, so care should be taken to avoid excessive complexity where other users would not understand how to maintain a Lua module. The following is the source code of the module used for the examples above. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-lua mw-content-ltr mw-highlight-lines" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="linenos" data-line="1"></span><span class="kd">local</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span> <span class="c1">--All Lua modules on Wikipedia must begin by defining a variable </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="2"></span> <span class="c1">--that will hold their externally accessible functions.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="3"></span> <span class="c1">--Such variables can have whatever name you want and may </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="4"></span> <span class="c1">--also contain various data as well as functions.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="5"></span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">hello</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kr">function</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="n">frame</span> <span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">--Add a function to "p". </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="6"></span> <span class="c1">--Such functions are callable in Wikipedia</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="7"></span> <span class="c1">--via the #invoke command.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="8"></span> <span class="c1">--"frame" will contain the data that Wikipedia</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="9"></span> <span class="c1">--sends this function when it runs. </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="10"></span> <span class="c1">-- 'Hello' is a name of your choice. The same name needs to be referred to when the module is used.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="11"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="12"></span> <span class="kd">local</span> <span class="n">str</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Hello World!"</span> <span class="c1">--Declare a local variable and set it equal to</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="13"></span> <span class="c1">--"Hello World!". </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="14"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="15"></span> <span class="kr">return</span> <span class="n">str</span> <span class="c1">--This tells us to quit this function and send the information in</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="16"></span> <span class="c1">--"str" back to Wikipedia.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="17"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="18"></span><span class="kr">end</span> <span class="c1">-- end of the function "hello"</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="19"></span><span class="kr">function</span> <span class="nc">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">hello_to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">-- Add another function</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="20"></span> <span class="kd">local</span> <span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">-- To access arguments passed to a module, use `frame.args`</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="21"></span> <span class="c1">-- `frame.args[1]` refers to the first unnamed parameter</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="22"></span> <span class="c1">-- given to the module</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="23"></span> <span class="kr">return</span> <span class="s2">"Hello, "</span> <span class="o">..</span> <span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">..</span> <span class="s2">"!"</span> <span class="c1">-- `..` concatenates strings. This will return a customized</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="24"></span> <span class="c1">-- greeting depending on the name given, such as "Hello, Fred!"</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="25"></span><span class="kr">end</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="26"></span><span class="kr">function</span> <span class="nc">p</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">count_fruit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="27"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="28"></span> <span class="kd">local</span> <span class="n">num_bananas</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">tonumber</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">bananas</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">-- Named arguments ({{#invoke:Example|count_fruit|foo=bar}})</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="29"></span> <span class="kd">local</span> <span class="n">num_apples</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">tonumber</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">apples</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1">-- are likewise accessed by indexing `frame.args` by name (`frame.args["bananas"]`,</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="30"></span> <span class="c1">-- or equivalently `frame.args.bananas`.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="31"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="32"></span> <span class="kd">local</span> <span class="n">conj_bananas</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num_bananas</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="s1">'banana'</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="s1">'bananas'</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="33"></span> <span class="kd">local</span> <span class="n">conj_apples</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num_apples</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="s1">'apple'</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="s1">'apples'</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="34"></span> <span class="c1">-- Ternary operators assign values based on a condition in a compact way.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="35"></span> <span class="c1">-- Here, `conj_bananas` gets `'banana'` if `num_bananas` is 1, else `'bananas'`.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="36"></span> <span class="c1">-- Similarly, `conj_apples` gets `'apple'` if `num_apples` is 1, else `'apples'`.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="37"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="38"></span> <span class="kr">return</span> <span class="s1">'I have '</span> <span class="o">..</span> <span class="n">num_bananas</span> <span class="o">..</span> <span class="s1">' '</span> <span class="o">..</span> <span class="n">conj_bananas</span> <span class="o">..</span> <span class="s1">' and '</span> <span class="o">..</span> <span class="n">num_apples</span> <span class="o">..</span> <span class="s1">' '</span> <span class="o">..</span> <span class="n">conj_apples</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="39"></span> <span class="c1">-- Like above, concatenate a bunch of strings together to produce</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="40"></span> <span class="c1">-- a sentence based on the arguments given.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="41"></span><span class="kr">end</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="42"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="43"></span><span class="kr">return</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="c1">--All modules end by returning the variable containing their functions to Wikipedia.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="44"></span><span class="c1">-- Now we can use this module by calling {{#invoke: Example | hello }},</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="45"></span><span class="c1">-- {{#invoke: Example | hello_to | foo }}, or {{#invoke:Example|count_fruit|bananas=5|apples=6}}</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="46"></span><span class="c1">-- Note that the first part of the invoke is the name of the Module's wikipage,</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="47"></span><span class="c1">-- and the second part is the name of one of the functions attached to the </span> <span class="linenos" data-line="48"></span><span class="c1">-- variable that you returned.</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="49"></span> <span class="linenos" data-line="50"></span><span class="c1">-- The "print" function is not allowed in Wikipedia. All output is accomplished</span> <span class="linenos" data-line="51"></span><span class="c1">-- via strings "returned" to Wikipedia.</span> </pre></div> <p>A sample of Lua is highlighted by tag <code class="wrap" style=""><syntaxhighlight lang="lua">...</syntaxhighlight></code> placed around the Lua source code. To view some more complex examples of Lua, see article: "<a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua (programming language)</a>". </p><p>For instructions on how to use Lua within MediaWiki (and hence Wikipedia), see <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual">mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Unit_testing" data-mw-thread-id="h-Unit_testing"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Unit_testing"></span>Unit testing<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Unit_testing"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Modules_for_test_tools" title="Category:Modules for test tools">Category:Modules for test tools</a></div> <p>A few <a href="/wiki/Unit_test" class="mw-redirect" title="Unit test">unit testing</a> frameworks are available for Lua scripts on Wikipedia. These allow an editor to execute the module with a given set of inputs and verify that the expected outputs are produced. They are useful for rapidly detecting <a href="/wiki/Software_regression" title="Software regression">software regressions</a>, where modifications to a script introduce new (or identify old) problems. </p><p>By convention, unit tests for a module like <a href="/wiki/Module:Example" title="Module:Example">Module:Example</a> are placed in <a href="/wiki/Module:Example/testcases" title="Module:Example/testcases">Module:Example/testcases</a>, and are executed on <a href="/wiki/Module_talk:Example/testcases" title="Module talk:Example/testcases">Module talk:Example/testcases</a>. </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Module:UnitTests" title="Module:UnitTests">Module:UnitTests</a></b> is the prefilled code used when creating a testcases page. You run these unit tests by placing <code>{{#invoke:Example/testcases|run_tests}}</code> on the testcases talk page. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Module:ScribuntoUnit" title="Module:ScribuntoUnit">Module:ScribuntoUnit</a> is another widely used test framework. <a href="/wiki/Category:Modules_for_test_tools" title="Category:Modules for test tools">Category:Modules for test tools</a> has a few others to review which may be interesting. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="MediaWiki-specific_features" data-mw-thread-id="h-MediaWiki-specific_features"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-MediaWiki-specific_features"></span>MediaWiki-specific features<span data-mw-comment-end="h-MediaWiki-specific_features"></span></h2></div> <p>Overall: Lua can only get input as text strings passed to the <code>{{#invoke:}}</code> and what can be fetched via mw.title.new(...):getContent() and frame:expandTemplate(). Lua output will not be preprocessed unless frame:preprocess() is explicitly called, meaning that template calls, parser functions, etc. in the output will not work correctly. Also, all Lua in the page is limited to 10 seconds CPU time (you can look in the source code of a rendered page to see how long a template or module took to parse). And relative to standard Lua, Scribunto's Lua lacks all sorts of functions (see <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#Differences_from_standard_Lua" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual">mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual § Differences from standard Lua</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lua_input_limitations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Lua_input_limitations-MediaWiki-specific_features"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Lua_input_limitations-MediaWiki-specific_features"></span>Lua input limitations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Lua_input_limitations-MediaWiki-specific_features"></span></h3></div> <p>Lua code in Scribunto is only run when the page is being parsed. Therefore, the only user input that Lua can receive is by <i>page editing</i> – it cannot create a box that calculates the square root of a number you type in, or recalculate a piece of the Mandelbrot set depending on which part of the parent set you click on. The input Lua can receive includes any transcludeable text page on Wikipedia. This does <i>not</i> include graphics files (not even <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SVG_help" title="Wikipedia:SVG help">.SVG</a> files, although they are actually text, unless you cut and paste it onto a Wiki text page), the list of pages listed in a <a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">category</a>, nor the contents of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion#Special_pages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">non-transcludeable</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Special" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Special">special pages</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wikitext" data-mw-thread-id="h-Wikitext-MediaWiki-specific_features"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Wikitext-MediaWiki-specific_features"></span>Wikitext<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Wikitext-MediaWiki-specific_features"></span></h3></div> <p>Transcluded Wikipedia headers frequently contain a hidden code such as "UNIQ5ae8f2aa414ff233-h-3--QINU" which may need to be stripped out in order for them to be parsed effectively. </p><p>Wikilinks using the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pipe_trick" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Pipe trick">pipe trick</a> <kbd>[[Wikipedia:Help| ]]</kbd> won't work if returned as output – they need to be written explicitly as <kbd>[[Wikipedia:Help|Help]]</kbd>. Other pre-save transforms, such as replacing <kbd>~~~~</kbd> with signatures, will also fail to be processed. Template transclusions, parser function calls, and variable substitutions (i.e. anything with a <code>{{...}}</code>) will not be processed, nor will tags such as <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref></code> or <code class="nowrap" style=""><nowiki></code>. Use <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual#frame:extensionTag" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual"><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-lua mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">extensionTag</span></code></a> to add tags like <code class="nowrap" style=""><ref></code> or <code class="nowrap" style=""><syntaxhighlight></code> to output. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Labeling_converted_templates" data-mw-thread-id="h-Labeling_converted_templates"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Labeling_converted_templates"></span>Labeling converted templates<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Labeling_converted_templates"></span></h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238436933"><table class="plainlinks ombox mbox-small ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/30px-Lua-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/45px-Lua-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Lua-Logo.svg/60px-Lua-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="947" data-file-height="947"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text">This template uses <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lua</a>: <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Module:Example" title="Module:Example">Module:Example</a> (<a href="/wiki/Module:Example/sandbox" title="Module:Example/sandbox">sandbox</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Please place the <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Lua" title="Template:Lua">lua</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template on the documentation subpage of all templates that use Lua. It will help to better communicate Lua usage and template conversions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Categories" data-mw-thread-id="h-Categories-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Categories-See_also"></span>Categories<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Categories-See_also"></span></h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lua_language_on_Wikipedia" title="Category:Lua language on Wikipedia">Category:Lua language on Wikipedia</a> – usage of Lua on Wikipedia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_modules" title="Category:Wikipedia modules">Category:Wikipedia modules</a> – top-level category for Lua modules <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lua_metamodules" title="Category:Lua metamodules">Category:Lua metamodules</a> – modules that aid other Lua modules</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lua-based_templates" title="Category:Lua-based templates">Category:Lua-based templates</a> – groups of Lua-based templates</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_Lua-related_templates" title="Category:Wikipedia Lua-related templates">Category:Wikipedia Lua-related templates</a> – templates related to the usage of Lua on Wikipedia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_pages" data-mw-thread-id="h-Other_pages-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Other_pages-See_also"></span>Other pages<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Other_pages-See_also"></span></h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Module:" title="Special:PrefixIndex/Module:">Special:PrefixIndex/Module:</a> – tracking of Lua modules can be done by using <a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex" title="Special:PrefixIndex">Special:PrefixIndex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Lua_debugging" title="Help:Lua debugging">Help:Lua debugging</a> – a how-to guide about <a href="/wiki/Debugging" title="Debugging">debugging</a> Lua modules</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Module:Sandbox" title="Module:Sandbox">Module:Sandbox</a> provides a pseudo-namespace for experimenting with Lua modules</li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Coding_conventions/Lua" class="extiw" title="mw:Manual:Coding conventions/Lua">Manual:Coding conventions/Lua</a> – standards to improve the readability of code through consistency</li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto/Lua_reference_manual" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual">mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advanced_template_coding" title="Wikipedia:Advanced template coding">Wikipedia:Advanced template coding</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Notes" data-mw-thread-id="h-Notes"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Notes"></span>Notes<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Notes"></span></h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">You can also have multiple output values, but functions that do this are not normally meant to be accessed from wiki pages.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_technical_help" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template talk:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_technical_help" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory#Technical_help" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia technical help</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><b>Get personal technical help at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">the Teahouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">help desk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)">village pump (technical)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_talk_pages/1" title="Help:Introduction to talk pages/1">talk pages</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a>.</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical">General<br/>technical help</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Browser_notes" title="Wikipedia:Browser notes">Browser notes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bypass_your_cache" title="Wikipedia:Bypass your cache">Bypass cache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Keyboard_shortcuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Keyboard shortcuts">Keyboard shortcuts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:CharInsert" title="Help:CharInsert">CharInsert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">Edit conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">Edit toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_a_page" title="Wikipedia:How to create a page">How to create a page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial">Tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support" title="Help:Multilingual support">Multilingual support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">Page history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_information" title="Help:Page information">Page information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Printing" title="Help:Printing">Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Software_notices" title="Wikipedia:Software notices">Software notices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editnotice" title="Wikipedia:Editnotice">Editnotice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">Special Characters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Entering_special_characters" title="Help:Entering special characters">Entering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">User access levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:VisualEditor" title="Help:VisualEditor">Help</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Special:SpecialPages">Special<br/>page</a>-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special page help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:AllPages" title="Help:AllPages">AllPages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter">Edit filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">Emailing users</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Reset passwords</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Log" title="Help:Log">Logs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_a_page" title="Wikipedia:Moving a page">Moving a page</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_merging" title="Wikipedia:History merging">History merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:When_to_place_technical_requests_in_%22Administrator_needed%22" title="Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"">Non-admin and admin-only page moves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications" title="Help:Notifications">Notifications/Echo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications/FAQ" title="Help:Notifications/FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_Curation/Help" title="Wikipedia:Page Curation/Help">Page Curation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Import" title="Help:Import">Page import</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">Pending changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Random" title="Wikipedia:Random">Random pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Recent_changes" title="Help:Recent changes">Recent changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Related_changes" title="Help:Related changes">Related changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Linksearch" title="Help:Linksearch">Linksearch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tags" title="Wikipedia:Tags">Tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Watchlist" title="Help:Watchlist">Watchlist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:What_links_here" title="Help:What links here">What links here</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Line-break_handling" title="Help:Line-break handling">Line-break handling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words_for_beginners" title="Help:Magic words for beginners">For beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_expressions" title="Help:Conditional expressions">Conditional expressions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Switch_parser_function" title="Help:Switch parser function">Switch parser function</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Time_function" title="Help:Time function">Time function</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections and TOCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_tables_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Basic_table_markup" title="Help:Basic table markup">Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Advanced_table_formatting" title="Help:Advanced table formatting">Advanced table formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Collapsing" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Collapsing">Collapsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_tables" title="Help:Conditional tables">Conditional tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sortable_tables" title="Help:Sortable tables">Sortable tables</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Using_colours" title="Help:Using colours">Using colours</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">diffs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">Interlanguage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interwiki_linking" title="Help:Interwiki linking">Interwiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">Permanent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diffs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplest_diff_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide">Simplest diff guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide">Simple diff and link guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Complete_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide">Complete diff and link guide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">Colon trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">Link color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pipe_trick" title="Help:Pipe trick">Pipe trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URLs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:Media">Media</a> files: images,<br/>videos and sounds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">Media help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creation_and_usage_of_media_files" title="Help:Creation and usage of media files">Creation and usage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_files_to_Commons" title="Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons">Moving files to Commons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Images" title="Wikipedia:Images">Images</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_images_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to images with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction to images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Preparing_images_for_upload" title="Wikipedia:Preparing images for upload">Preparing images for upload</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uploading_images" title="Wikipedia:Uploading images">Uploading images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Options_to_hide_an_image" title="Help:Options to hide an image">Options to hide an image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extended_image_syntax" title="Wikipedia:Extended image syntax">Extended image syntax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SVG_help" title="Wikipedia:SVG help">SVG help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Gallery_tag" title="Help:Gallery tag">Gallery tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_bitmap_image_editing" title="Wikipedia:Basic bitmap image editing">Basic bitmap image editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_improve_image_quality" title="Wikipedia:How to improve image quality">How to improve image quality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_Lab/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Graphics Lab/Resources">Graphics Lab resources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sound file markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual file markup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Other graphics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Family_trees" title="Help:Family trees">Family trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphs_and_charts" title="Wikipedia:Graphs and charts">Graphs and charts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_charts_for_Wikipedia_articles" title="Wikipedia:How to create charts for Wikipedia articles">How to create</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:To_scale_charts" title="Wikipedia:To scale charts">To scale charts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math formulas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula#Use_of_HTML_templates" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Score" title="Help:Score">Musical scores</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Musical symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Timeline" title="Wikipedia:Timeline">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:EasyTimeline_syntax" title="Help:EasyTimeline syntax">EasyTimeline syntax</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WikiHiero_syntax" title="Help:WikiHiero syntax">WikiHiero syntax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:A_quick_guide_to_templates" title="Help:A quick guide to templates">Templates</a> and<br/><a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a> modules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advanced_template_coding" title="Wikipedia:Advanced template coding">Advanced template coding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_documentation" title="Wikipedia:Template documentation">Template documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index" title="Wikipedia:Template index">Template index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template_limits" title="Help:Template limits">Template limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_sandbox_and_test_cases" title="Wikipedia:Template sandbox and test cases">Template sandbox and test cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Lua" title="Help:Lua">Lua help</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lua project</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Lua/Resources">Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/To_do" title="Wikipedia:Lua/To do">To do</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Substitution" title="Help:Substitution">Substitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Purge" title="Help:Purge">Purge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Job_queue" title="Help:Job queue">Job queue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">Transclusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Labeled_section_transclusion" title="Help:Labeled section transclusion">Labeled section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion_costs_and_benefits" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion costs and benefits">Costs and benefits</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_Scribbling" title="Wikipedia:Guide to Scribbling">Guide to Scribbling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Data_structure_and_development" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Data structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace" title="Wikipedia:Namespace">Namespaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">Main/Article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drafts" title="Wikipedia:Drafts">Draft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">File</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:File_description_page" title="Help:File description page">File description page</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project/Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">Archiving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">Simple</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_page_design_guide" title="Wikipedia:User page design guide">User page design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bug_reports_and_feature_requests" title="Wikipedia:Bug reports and feature requests">Bug reports and feature requests</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedMediaHandler extension</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> and <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Help:Cascading Style Sheets">Cascading Style Sheets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML in wikitext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Catalogue_of_CSS_classes" title="Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes">Catalogue of CSS classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Common.js_and_common.css" title="Wikipedia:Common.js and common.css">Common.js and common.css</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mxt/User_CSS_for_a_monospaced_coding_font" title="Template:Mxt/User CSS for a monospaced coding font">User CSS for monospaced coding font</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Microformats/classes" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/classes">Classes in microformats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Markup_validation" title="Help:Markup validation">Markup validation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Span_tags" title="Wikipedia:Span tags">Span tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Useful_styles" title="Help:Useful styles">Useful styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customisation" title="Wikipedia:Customisation">Customisation</a><br/>and tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Preferences" title="Help:Preferences">Preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin" title="Wikipedia:Skin">Skins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_tools" title="Help:Citation tools">Citation tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleaning_up_vandalism/Tools" title="Wikipedia:Cleaning up vandalism/Tools">Cleaning up vandalism tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customizing_watchlists" title="Wikipedia:Customizing watchlists">Customizing watchlists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Hide_Pages_in_Watchlist" title="Help:Hide Pages in Watchlist">Hide pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Scripts" title="Wikipedia:Scripts">IRC Scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts" title="Wikipedia:User scripts">User scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Guide" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Guide">Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/List" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/List">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Techniques" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Techniques">Techniques</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_style" title="Help:User style">User style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative_browsing" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative browsing">Alternative browsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Browser_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Browser tools">Browser tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Editing_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Editing tools">Editing tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_shortcuts" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation shortcuts">Navigation shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum_tool_set" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum tool set">Optimum tool set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Cloud_Services" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Cloud Services">Wikimedia Cloud Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Beta_Features" class="extiw" title="mw:Beta Features">Beta Features at MediaWiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Automated editing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Articles_for_creation/Helper_script" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Helper script">AfC helper script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AntiVandal" title="Wikipedia:AntiVandal">AntiVandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser">AutoWikiBrowser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bots" title="Wikipedia:Bots">Bots</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creating_a_bot" title="Help:Creating a bot">Creating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_of_Wikipedia_bots" title="Wikipedia:History of Wikipedia bots">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:HotCat" title="Wikipedia:HotCat">HotCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Huggle" title="Wikipedia:Huggle">Huggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_popups" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups">Navigation popups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RedWarn" title="Wikipedia:RedWarn">RedWarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Twinkle" title="Wikipedia:Twinkle">Twinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ultraviolet" title="Wikipedia:Ultraviolet">Ultraviolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WPCleaner" title="Wikipedia:WPCleaner">WPCleaner</a></li> <li>Inactive <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Igloo" title="Wikipedia:Igloo">igloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:STiki" title="Wikipedia:STiki">STiki</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li>See also: <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">Category:Wikipedia how-to</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">Category:Wikipedia information pages</a></b><br/>Further navigation at: <a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template:Wikipedia help pages">Help pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrators%27_guide" title="Template:Administrators' guide">Administrators</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Accessibility/Navigation_menu" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Accessibility/Navigation menu">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_accounts" title="Template:Wikipedia accounts">Accounts</a></li> <li><a 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