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Radical, populist, extreme, nationalist: How should we be talking about the far right? | Euronews

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So where do the differences really lie?Euronews spoke to an expert about how to classify them.Extremist, illiberal and nativist\u0022The Europe of Sovereign Nations is the most extreme far-right group in the European Parliament,\u0022 says Dave Sinardet, Professor of Political Science at the Free Flemish University of Brussels. Created in July, it is now the newest and smallest parliamentary group, and the notorious Alternative for Germany accounts for more than half of the group's 25 members. Also on board are a Polish party, Confederation, and Bulgarian MEPs from the pro-Russian party Renaissance.Sinardet says a number of these parties can justifiably be described as extremist. \u0022This means that they do not always respect parliamentary democracy and that they have a number of authoritarian traits,\u0022 he explained.The professor also describes the group as illiberal, because it has problems accepting the independence of the judiciary, the rule of law and individual freedoms, and nativist, because of its opposition to immigration and the distinctions it draws between immigrants and native-born citizens.\u0022The parties that are clearly illiberal and nativist are to be found mainly in the Europe of Sovereign Nations,\u0022 says Sinardet. \u0022Some parties that are part of the Patriots for Europe can also be considered illiberal\u0022.Populism, not demagogyWith 86 MEPs, the Patriots for Europe is the third largest force in the European Parliament.Created in July, its members make up a who's who of European right-wingers: from France, Marine Le Pen's Rassemblement National; from Hungary, Viktor Orb\u00e1n's Fidesz; from Italy, Matteo Salvini's League; from Spain, Santiago Abascal's Vox party; and from Austria, Herbert Kickl's FP\u00d6.Patriots for Europe and Europe of Sovereign Nations can also be classified as populist, according to the professor.Often confused with demagogy, populism refers to a binary vision of society that pits an elite presented as corrupt against \u0022the people\u0022, who are presented as homogeneous and pure.Populism can be left- or right-wing. The strongly left-wing La France Insoumise, for example, is also widely considered a populist party.Recipe for radicalismFinally, some parties of the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) are often described not as far-right or extreme, but \u0022radical right\u0022.With 78 MEPs, this group is mainly built around Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni's party, Brothers of Italy, and former Polish leader Jaros\u0142aw Kaczy\u0144ski's Law and Justice.According to political scientist Cas Mudde, the term radical right refers to parties that combine two ideologies: nativism and authoritarianism, which together consider adherence to authority a supreme value.\u0022Not all European conservative and reformist parties can be considered radical right-wing,\u0022 adds Sinardet. \u0022They are often rather nationalist and conservative. But others can be considered radical right-wing\u0022.", "dateCreated": "2024-10-16 15:25:15 +02:00", "dateModified": "2024-10-17 17:40:11 +02:00", "datePublished": "2024-10-17 17:15:02 +02:00", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/79/49/72/1440x810_cmsv2_7397fbec-2a77-5d5f-8fad-6eea0b61d0b1-8794972.jpg", "width": "1440px", "height": "810px", "caption": "Dutch populist leader Geert Wilders (left), Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orb\u00e1n and Italian League leader Matteo Salvini.", "thumbnail": "https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/79/49/72/385x202_cmsv2_7397fbec-2a77-5d5f-8fad-6eea0b61d0b1-8794972.jpg", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "euronews", "url": "https://static.euronews.com/website/images/euronews-logo-main-blue-403x60.png" } }, "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Amandine Hess" }, "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Euronews", "legalName": "Euronews", "url": 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src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/02/25/66/368x207_cmsv2_1a9a283a-3a93-5986-8c2e-31f8943b426e-8022566.jpg" srcset="https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/02/25/66/160x90_cmsv2_1a9a283a-3a93-5986-8c2e-31f8943b426e-8022566.jpg 160w, https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/02/25/66/281x158_cmsv2_1a9a283a-3a93-5986-8c2e-31f8943b426e-8022566.jpg 281w, https://static.euronews.com/articles/stories/08/02/25/66/368x207_cmsv2_1a9a283a-3a93-5986-8c2e-31f8943b426e-8022566.jpg 368w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 100vw" loading=lazy title="A heat pump unit on the side of a home in winter." alt="A heat pump unit on the side of a home in winter." height="9" width="16" ></a></figure><span class="b-videos-players__playlist__label b-videos-players__playlist__label--now-playing u-align-items-center u-color-white u-display-flex u-font-size-16 u-text-weight-bold u-height-full u-justify-content-center u-padding-x-1 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about Work">Work</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_1_5"><a href="/next/mobility" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Mobility">Mobility</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_1_6"><a href="/next/home" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Home">Home</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Programmes</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:5;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_1"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/dubai" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Dub.AI">Dub.AI</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_2"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/euronews-tech-talks" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Euronews Tech Talks">Euronews Tech Talks</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_3"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/hacker-hunter" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Hacker Hunter">Hacker Hunter</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_4"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/rethink" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Rethink ">Rethink </a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_5"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/sci-tech" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Sci-Tech">Sci-Tech</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-featured-nav"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title c-featured-nav__title">Featured</div><ul class="c-featured-nav__list"><li class="c-featured-nav__item" id="adb-header-subnav-featured-7_7_1"><a class="c-featured-nav__item__link" href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/euronews-tech-talks" aria-label="Program Euronews Tech Talks: Euronews Tech Talks goes beyond discussions to explore the impact of new technologies on our lives. With explanations, engaging Q&amp;As, and lively conversations, the podcast provides valuable insights into the intersection of technology and society." style="--c-featured-nav__item__image-width: 112px;"><img class="c-featured-nav__item__image" alt="" width="112" height="63" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="low" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-euronews-tech-talks.jpg" ><p class="c-featured-nav__item__title">Euronews Tech Talks</p><p class="c-featured-nav__item__content" title="Euronews Tech Talks goes beyond discussions to explore the impact of new technologies on our lives. With explanations, engaging Q&amp;As, and lively conversations, the podcast provides valuable insights into the intersection of technology and society.">Euronews Tech Talks goes beyond discussions to explore the impact of new technologies on our lives. With explanations, engaging Q&amp;As, and lively conversations, the podcast provides valuable insights into the intersection of technology and society.</p></a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown-mask"></div></li><li id="adb-header-mainnav-8" class="c-navigation-bar__item c-navigation-bar__item--green"><a class="c-navigation-bar__link" href="/green" aria-label="Read more about Green">Green</a><div class="helper-site-row o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown"><div class="helper-site-container o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown__container"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Categories</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:5;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_1"><a href="/green/green-news" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Green News">Green News</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_2"><a href="/green/climate" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Climate">Climate</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_3"><a href="/green/nature" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Nature">Nature</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_4"><a href="/green/green-living" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Living">Living</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_5"><a href="/green/eco-innovation" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Eco-Innovation">Eco-Innovation</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Programmes</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:5;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_1"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/climate-now" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Climate Now">Climate Now</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_2"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/ocean" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Ocean">Ocean</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_3"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/climate/ocean-calls" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Ocean Calls">Ocean Calls</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_4"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/the-road-to-green" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about The Road To Green">The Road To Green</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_5"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/water-matters" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Water Matters">Water Matters</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-featured-nav"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title c-featured-nav__title">Featured</div><ul class="c-featured-nav__list"><li class="c-featured-nav__item" id="adb-header-subnav-featured-8_8_1"><a class="c-featured-nav__item__link" href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/water-matters" aria-label="Program Water Matters: Europe&#039;s water is under increasing pressure. Pollution, droughts, floods are taking their toll on our drinking water, lakes, rivers and coastlines. Join us on a journey around Europe to see why protecting ecosystems matters, how our wastewater can be better managed, and to discover some of the best water solutions. Video reports, an animated explainer series and live debate - find out why Water Matters, from Euronews." style="--c-featured-nav__item__image-width: 112px;"><img class="c-featured-nav__item__image" alt="" width="112" height="63" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="low" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-water-matters.jpg" ><p class="c-featured-nav__item__title">Water Matters</p><p class="c-featured-nav__item__content" title="Europe&#039;s water is under increasing pressure. Pollution, droughts, floods are taking their toll on our drinking water, lakes, rivers and coastlines. Join us on a journey around Europe to see why protecting ecosystems matters, how our wastewater can be better managed, and to discover some of the best water solutions. Video reports, an animated explainer series and live debate - find out why Water Matters, from Euronews.">Europe&#039;s water is under increasing pressure. Pollution, droughts, floods are taking their toll on our drinking water, lakes, rivers and coastlines. Join us on a journey around Europe to see why protecting ecosystems matters, how our wastewater can be better managed, and to discover some of the best water solutions. Video reports, an animated explainer series and live debate - find out why Water Matters, from Euronews.</p></a></li><li class="c-featured-nav__item" id="adb-header-subnav-featured-8_8_2"><a class="c-featured-nav__item__link" href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/climate-now" aria-label="Program Climate Now: We give you the latest climate facts from the world’s leading source, analyse the trends and explain how our planet is changing. We meet the experts on the front line of climate change who explore new strategies to mitigate and adapt." style="--c-featured-nav__item__image-width: 112px;"><img class="c-featured-nav__item__image" alt="" width="112" height="63" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="low" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-climate-now.jpg" ><p class="c-featured-nav__item__title">Climate Now</p><p class="c-featured-nav__item__content" title="We give you the latest climate facts from the world’s leading source, analyse the trends and explain how our planet is changing. We meet the experts on the front line of climate change who explore new strategies to mitigate and adapt.">We give you the latest climate facts from the world’s leading source, analyse the trends and explain how our planet is changing. We meet the experts on the front line of climate change who explore new strategies to mitigate and adapt.</p></a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown-mask"></div></li><li id="adb-header-mainnav-9" class="c-navigation-bar__item c-navigation-bar__item--health"><a class="c-navigation-bar__link" href="/health" aria-label="Read more about Health">Health</a><div class="helper-site-row o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown"><div class="helper-site-container o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown__container"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Categories</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:4;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-9_1_1"><a href="/health/health-news" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Health news">Health news</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-9_1_2"><a href="/health/healthcare" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Healthcare">Healthcare</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-9_1_3"><a href="/health/nutrition" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Nutrition">Nutrition</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-9_1_4"><a href="/health/wellbeing" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Wellbeing">Wellbeing</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Programmes</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:1;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-9_2_1"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/health/health-series/smart-health" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Smart Health">Smart Health</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown-mask"></div></li><li id="adb-header-mainnav-10" class="c-navigation-bar__item c-navigation-bar__item--culture"><a class="c-navigation-bar__link" href="/culture" aria-label="Read more about Culture">Culture</a><div class="helper-site-row o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown"><div class="helper-site-container o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown__container"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Categories</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:7;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_1_1"><a href="/culture/culture-news" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Culture news">Culture news</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_1_2"><a href="/culture/culture-lifestyle" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Lifestyle">Lifestyle</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_1_3"><a href="/culture/design" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Design">Design</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_1_4"><a href="/culture/art" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Art">Art</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_1_5"><a href="/culture/food-and-drink" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Food and Drink">Food and Drink</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_1_6"><a href="/tag/music" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Music">Music</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_1_7"><a href="/tag/cinema" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Cinema">Cinema</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Programmes</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 2; --_grid-template-rows-length:6;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_2_1"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/culture/culture-series/creators" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Creators">Creators</a></li><li 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id="adb-header-subnav-10_2_7"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/culture/culture-series/melting-pot-culture" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Melting Pot Culture">Melting Pot Culture</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_2_8"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/culture/culture-series/musica" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Musica">Musica</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_2_9"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/culture/culture-series/scenes" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Scenes">Scenes</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_2_10"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/culture/food-and-drink/the-kitchen" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about The Kitchen ">The Kitchen </a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-10_2_11"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/culture/food-and-drink/the-star-ingredient" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about The Star Ingredient">The Star Ingredient</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown-mask"></div></li><li id="adb-header-mainnav-11" class="c-navigation-bar__item c-navigation-bar__item--travel"><a class="c-navigation-bar__link" href="/travel" aria-label="Read more about Travel">Travel</a><div class="helper-site-row o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown"><div class="helper-site-container o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown__container"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Categories</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:5;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_1_1"><a href="/travel/travel-news" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Travel News">Travel News</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_1_2"><a href="/travel/destinations" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Destinations">Destinations</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_1_3"><a href="/travel/experiences" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Experiences">Experiences</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_1_4"><a href="/travel/stays" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Stays">Stays</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_1_5"><a href="/travel/people" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about People">People</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Programmes</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 2; --_grid-template-rows-length:4;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_2_1"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/travel/travel-series/adventures" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Adventures">Adventures</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_2_2"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/travel/travel-series/conscious-travel" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Conscious Travel">Conscious Travel</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_2_3"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/travel/travel-series/explore" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Explore">Explore</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_2_4"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/travel/travel-series/golf-travel-tales" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Golf Travel Tales">Golf Travel Tales</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_2_5"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/travel/travel-news/notes-from-the-usa" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Notes From The Usa">Notes From The Usa</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_2_6"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/travel/travel-series/soul-of-the-south" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Soul Of The South">Soul Of The South</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_2_7"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/travel/travel-series/taste" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Taste">Taste</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-11_2_8"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/travel/travel-series/women-beyond-borders" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Women Beyond Borders">Women Beyond Borders</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown-mask"></div></li><li id="adb-header-mainnav-12" class="c-navigation-bar__item c-navigation-bar__item--/video"><a class="c-navigation-bar__link" href="/video" aria-label="Read more about Videos">Videos</a></li></ul><div class="c-navigation-bar__item c-navigation-bar__item--more"><span class="c-navigation-bar__link">More</span><div class="helper-site-row o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown"><div class="helper-site-container"><div class="o-site-hr__second-level__dropdown__container"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Special coverage</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 2; --_grid-template-rows-length:4;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-more_1_4"><a href="/special/a-new-uzbekistan" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about The New Uzbekistan">The New Uzbekistan</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-more_1_6"><a href="/special/azerbaijan-diary" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Azerbaijan Diary">Azerbaijan Diary</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-more_1_9"><a href="/special/discover-algeria" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Discover Algeria">Discover Algeria</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-more_1_10"><a href="/special/discover-turkiye" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Discover Türkiye">Discover Türkiye</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-more_1_12"><a href="/special/discover-sharjah" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Discover Sharjah">Discover Sharjah</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-more_1_14"><a 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112px;"><img class="c-featured-nav__item__image" alt="" width="112" height="63" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="low" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-my-wildest-prediction.jpg" ><p class="c-featured-nav__item__title">My Wildest Prediction</p><p class="c-featured-nav__item__content" title="Dare to imagine the future with business and tech visionaries">Dare to imagine the future with business and tech visionaries</p></a></li><li class="c-featured-nav__item" id="adb-header-subnav-featured-5_5_2-sidebar"><a class="c-featured-nav__item__link" href="https://www.euronews.com/business/business-series/the-big-question" aria-label="Program The Big Question: Deep dive conversations with business leaders" style="--c-featured-nav__item__image-width: 112px;"><img class="c-featured-nav__item__image" alt="" width="112" height="63" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="low" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-the-big-question.jpg" ><p class="c-featured-nav__item__title">The Big Question</p><p class="c-featured-nav__item__content" title="Deep dive conversations with business leaders">Deep dive conversations with business leaders</p></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div id="adb-header-mainnav-6-sidebar" class="c-navigation-bar__item"><div class="c-navigation-bar__linkandchevron"><a class="c-navigation-bar__link" href="/tag/euroviews" aria-label="Read more about Euroviews">Euroviews</a></div></div><div id="adb-header-mainnav-7-sidebar" class="c-navigation-bar__item"><div class="c-navigation-bar__linkandchevron"><a class="c-navigation-bar__link" href="/next" aria-label="Read more about Next">Next</a><label for="c-navigation-bar__open-6" class="u-chevron-be-a" tabindex="0"></label></div><input id="c-navigation-bar__open-6" type="checkbox" /><div id="c-navigation-bar__subcontainer-6"><div 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id="adb-header-subnav-7_1_6-sidebar"><a href="/next/home" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Home">Home</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Programmes</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:5;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_1-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/dubai" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Dub.AI">Dub.AI</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_2-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/euronews-tech-talks" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Euronews Tech Talks">Euronews Tech Talks</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_3-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/hacker-hunter" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Hacker Hunter">Hacker Hunter</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_4-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/rethink" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Rethink ">Rethink </a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-7_2_5-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/sci-tech" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Sci-Tech">Sci-Tech</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-featured-nav"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title c-featured-nav__title">Featured</div><ul class="c-featured-nav__list"><li class="c-featured-nav__item" id="adb-header-subnav-featured-7_7_1-sidebar"><a class="c-featured-nav__item__link" href="https://www.euronews.com/next/next-series/euronews-tech-talks" aria-label="Program Euronews Tech Talks: Euronews Tech Talks goes beyond discussions to explore the impact of new technologies on our lives. With explanations, engaging Q&amp;As, and lively conversations, the podcast provides valuable insights into the intersection of technology and society." style="--c-featured-nav__item__image-width: 112px;"><img class="c-featured-nav__item__image" alt="" width="112" height="63" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="low" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-euronews-tech-talks.jpg" ><p class="c-featured-nav__item__title">Euronews Tech Talks</p><p class="c-featured-nav__item__content" title="Euronews Tech Talks goes beyond discussions to explore the impact of new technologies on our lives. With explanations, engaging Q&amp;As, and lively conversations, the podcast provides valuable insights into the intersection of technology and society.">Euronews Tech Talks goes beyond discussions to explore the impact of new technologies on our lives. With explanations, engaging Q&amp;As, and lively conversations, the podcast provides valuable insights into the intersection of technology and society.</p></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div id="adb-header-mainnav-8-sidebar" class="c-navigation-bar__item"><div class="c-navigation-bar__linkandchevron"><a class="c-navigation-bar__link" href="/green" aria-label="Read more about Green">Green</a><label for="c-navigation-bar__open-7" class="u-chevron-be-a" tabindex="0"></label></div><input id="c-navigation-bar__open-7" type="checkbox" /><div id="c-navigation-bar__subcontainer-7"><div class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Categories</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:5;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_1-sidebar"><a href="/green/green-news" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Green News">Green News</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_2-sidebar"><a href="/green/climate" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Climate">Climate</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_3-sidebar"><a href="/green/nature" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Nature">Nature</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_4-sidebar"><a href="/green/green-living" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Living">Living</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_1_5-sidebar"><a href="/green/eco-innovation" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Eco-Innovation">Eco-Innovation</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Programmes</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:5;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_1-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/climate-now" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Climate Now">Climate Now</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_2-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/ocean" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Ocean">Ocean</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_3-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/climate/ocean-calls" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Ocean Calls">Ocean Calls</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_4-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/the-road-to-green" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about The Road To Green">The Road To Green</a></li><li id="adb-header-subnav-8_2_5-sidebar"><a href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/water-matters" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Water Matters">Water Matters</a></li></ul></div><hr class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown__separator"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-featured-nav"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title c-featured-nav__title">Featured</div><ul class="c-featured-nav__list"><li class="c-featured-nav__item" id="adb-header-subnav-featured-8_8_1-sidebar"><a class="c-featured-nav__item__link" href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/water-matters" aria-label="Program Water Matters: Europe&#039;s water is under increasing pressure. Pollution, droughts, floods are taking their toll on our drinking water, lakes, rivers and coastlines. Join us on a journey around Europe to see why protecting ecosystems matters, how our wastewater can be better managed, and to discover some of the best water solutions. Video reports, an animated explainer series and live debate - find out why Water Matters, from Euronews." style="--c-featured-nav__item__image-width: 112px;"><img class="c-featured-nav__item__image" alt="" width="112" height="63" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="low" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-water-matters.jpg" ><p class="c-featured-nav__item__title">Water Matters</p><p class="c-featured-nav__item__content" title="Europe&#039;s water is under increasing pressure. Pollution, droughts, floods are taking their toll on our drinking water, lakes, rivers and coastlines. Join us on a journey around Europe to see why protecting ecosystems matters, how our wastewater can be better managed, and to discover some of the best water solutions. Video reports, an animated explainer series and live debate - find out why Water Matters, from Euronews.">Europe&#039;s water is under increasing pressure. Pollution, droughts, floods are taking their toll on our drinking water, lakes, rivers and coastlines. Join us on a journey around Europe to see why protecting ecosystems matters, how our wastewater can be better managed, and to discover some of the best water solutions. Video reports, an animated explainer series and live debate - find out why Water Matters, from Euronews.</p></a></li><li class="c-featured-nav__item" id="adb-header-subnav-featured-8_8_2-sidebar"><a class="c-featured-nav__item__link" href="https://www.euronews.com/green/green-series/climate-now" aria-label="Program Climate Now: We give you the latest climate facts from the world’s leading source, analyse the trends and explain how our planet is changing. We meet the experts on the front line of climate change who explore new strategies to mitigate and adapt." style="--c-featured-nav__item__image-width: 112px;"><img class="c-featured-nav__item__image" alt="" width="112" height="63" loading="lazy" fetchpriority="low" src="https://static.euronews.com/articles/programs/featured-programs/featured-climate-now.jpg" ><p class="c-featured-nav__item__title">Climate Now</p><p class="c-featured-nav__item__content" title="We give you the latest climate facts from the world’s leading source, analyse the trends and explain how our planet is changing. We meet the experts on the front line of climate change who explore new strategies to mitigate and adapt.">We give you the latest climate facts from the world’s leading source, analyse the trends and explain how our planet is changing. We meet the experts on the front line of climate change who explore new strategies to mitigate and adapt.</p></a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div id="adb-header-mainnav-9-sidebar" class="c-navigation-bar__item"><div class="c-navigation-bar__linkandchevron"><a class="c-navigation-bar__link" href="/health" aria-label="Read more about Health">Health</a><label for="c-navigation-bar__open-8" class="u-chevron-be-a" tabindex="0"></label></div><input id="c-navigation-bar__open-8" type="checkbox" /><div id="c-navigation-bar__subcontainer-8"><div class="c-navigation-bar__dropdown"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem c-links-list"><div class="c-navigation-bar__subitem__title">Categories</div><ul class="c-links-list__items" style="--_grid-template-columns-length: 1; --_grid-template-rows-length:4;"><li id="adb-header-subnav-9_1_1-sidebar"><a href="/health/health-news" class="c-links-list__link" aria-label="Read more about Health news">Health news</a></li><li 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extrema-direita?&quot;,&quot;publishedAt&quot;:1729184848,&quot;expiresAt&quot;:0,&quot;authors&quot;:[]}]" data-url="/my-europe/2024/10/17/radical-populist-extreme-nationalist-how-should-we-be-talking-about-the-fa-right" data-title="Radical, populist, extreme, nationalist: How should we be talking about the far right?" data-bodyClassList="newAdvertising has-header-redesign u-overflow-x-hidden is-template-article has-player has-swiper" ><article class="o-article-newsy"><div class="o-article-newsy__main"><header class="o-article-newsy__header u-article-grid u-article-row-gap-large-3" ><nav aria-label="Breadcrumbs" class="c-article-breadcrumbs"><div id="adb-article-breadcrumb" class="c-article-breadcrumbs__list"><a class="c-article-breadcrumbs__link c-article-breadcrumbs__link--my-europe" href="/" aria-label="Home" ><svg class="icon-home" width="12" height="12" viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M6.17233 0.560992L11.4223 4.96979C11.4751 5.01409 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right?&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/video.euronews.com\/mp4\/med\/EN\/E3\/SU\/24\/10\/17\/en\/241017_E3SU_56773643_56784662_185840_151045_en.mp4&quot;,&quot;programId&quot;:&quot;europe-news&quot;,&quot;player&quot;:&quot;dailymotion&quot;,&quot;geoBlock&quot;:[&quot;&quot;],&quot;sources&quot;:[],&quot;description&quot;:&quot;The three most right-wing groups of the European Parliament and their members are all known as \&quot;far-right\&quot; \u2014 but they have some crucial differences.&quot;,&quot;isLive&quot;:false,&quot;articleUrl&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/video\/2024\/10\/17\/radical-populist-extreme-nationalist-how-should-we-be-talking-about-the-fa-right&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:185840}" data-sponsored="Partner content"><div class="js-playercontrols u-height-full u-position-absolute u-width-full"><div class="js-loadtrigger js-loadtrigger__button c-loadtrigger__button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40.16 39.64"><path d="M28.26 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League leader Matteo Salvini." width="1200" height="675"></div><div class="c-article-caption u-position-absolute"><span id="article-tooltip-svg" class="c-article-caption__svg u-position-absolute"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12 21C16.9706 21 21 16.9706 21 12C21 7.02944 16.9706 3 12 3C7.02944 3 3 7.02944 3 12C3 16.9706 7.02944 21 12 21Z" stroke="white" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/><path d="M12 11V16" stroke="white" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/><path d="M11.9502 8H12.0502V8.1H11.9502V8Z" stroke="white" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/></svg></span><i id="article-caption-content" class="c-article-caption__content"><span class="c-article-caption__text"> Dutch populist leader Geert Wilders (left), Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán and Italian League leader Matteo Salvini. <span class="u-color-white">-&nbsp;</span><span class="c-article-caption__copyright">Copyright&nbsp;</span><span class="c-article-caption__credit">Antonio Calanni/Copyright 2024 The AP. All rights reserved</span></span><button class="c-article-caption__close-button" aria-label="Close alert"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="24" height="24" rx="12" fill="#005587"/><path d="M12.0002 10.9744L15.5901 7.38452L16.6155 8.41L13.0256 11.9999L16.6155 15.5898L15.5901 16.6153L12.0002 13.0254L8.41025 16.6153L7.38477 15.5898L10.9747 11.9999L7.38477 8.41L8.41025 7.38452L12.0002 10.9744Z" fill="#F2F6F7"/></svg></button></i></div><div class="c-article-image-copyright"> Copyright&nbsp;Antonio Calanni/Copyright 2024 The AP. All rights reserved </div></div></header><div class="o-article-newsy__main__body u-article-content u-article-grid" ><div class="c-article-contributors c-article-contributors--my-europe"> By&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://twitter.com/euronews">Amandine Hess</a></div><div class="c-article-publication-date" data-timestamp="1729178102"> Published on <time datetime="2024-10-17 17:15 +02:00">17/10/2024 - 17:15 GMT+2</time><span class="c-article-publication-date__bullet">&bull;</span>Updated <time datetime="17:40">17:40</time></div><div class="c-article-partage-commentaire u-align-items-center u-display-flex"><span class="c-article-partage-commentaire__links u-align-items-center u-display-flex u-justify-content-center js-c-article-partage-commentaire-share"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M13.1304 7.93478C4.65217 7.93478 3.99999 14.7826 4 20C4 12.8261 9.43477 12.8261 13.1304 12.8261V15.7609L19 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js-c-article-partage-commentaire-video-embed-success-link-copied">Copied</span></span></div></div></div><div id="adb-c-article-mention-original-translation" class="c-article-mention-original-translation c-article-mention-original-translation--my-europe">This article was originally published in&nbsp;<a href="https://fr.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/10/17/faut-il-parler-dextreme-droite-de-droite-radicale-de-populisme">French</a></div><p class="c-article-summary"> The three most right-wing groups of the European Parliament and their members are all known as &quot;far-right&quot; — but they have some crucial differences. </p><div class="c-article-content c-article-content--my-europe js-article-content poool-content" style="--widget_related_list_trans: 'Related';"><div class="c-ad c-ad-halfpage u-show-for-small-only"><div data-ad-id="adzone-halfpage_1" data-ad-type="halfpage" data-ad-position="1" class="c-ad__adzone advertising js-adzone"></div><div class="c-ad__placeholder"><img class="c-ad__placeholder__logo" src="https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-grey-6-180x22.svg" width="180" height="22" alt="" loading="lazy"><span>ADVERTISEMENT</span></div></div><p>The members of Patriots for Europe met in Brussels for the first time on Thursday, convening on the sidelines of the European summit.</p><p>The group is one of three at the right-wing end of the European Parliament, joined by Europe of Sovereign Nations (ESN) and the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR).</p><div class="c-ad c-ad-sticky-floor c-advertising-sticky-floor sales-advertising-sticky-floor u-hide-for-medium"><div data-ad-id="adzone-sticky-floor_1" data-ad-type="stickyFloor" data-ad-position="1" class="c-ad__adzone advertising js-adzone"></div><div class="c-ad__background"></div><button class="c-ad__btn-close" type="button" onclick="this.parentElement.classList.add('u-hide-for-all')"><img src="https://static.euronews.com/website/images/icons/icon-cross-10x10-grey-6.svg" width="10" height="10" alt="Close advertising" fetchpriority="high" loading="lazy"></button></div><p>The parties making up these three parliamentary groups are generally nationalist, sovereigntist, conservative and Eurosceptic, thoguh their positions differ on Russia and Ukraine and on their precise relationship to the European Union.</p><p>But while they can all be classified as far-right in one way or another, most of them reject this label.</p><p>Extreme right, hard right, radical right, national conservative, populist: these terms have invaded European public debate, and the lines between them are becoming increasingly blurry. So where do the differences really lie?</p><p>Euronews spoke to an expert about how to classify them.</p><h2>Extremist, illiberal and nativist</h2><p>"The Europe of Sovereign Nations is the most extreme far-right group in the European Parliament," says Dave Sinardet, Professor of Political Science at the Free Flemish University of Brussels. </p><div data-ad-id="adzone-outstream_1" data-ad-type="outstream" data-ad-position="1" class="advertising advertising--no-label js-adzone outstream"></div><p>Created in July, it is now the newest and smallest parliamentary group, and the notorious Alternative for Germany accounts for more than half of the group's 25 members. Also on board are a Polish party, Confederation, and Bulgarian MEPs from the pro-Russian party Renaissance.</p><p>Sinardet says a number of these parties can justifiably be described as extremist. </p><p>"This means that they do not always respect parliamentary democracy and that they have a number of authoritarian traits," he explained.</p><div class="c-widget-related" data-stories-id="8697038,8509870" data-event="widget_related"><div class="c-widget-related__title"><b class="c-widget-related__title__text" lang="en">Related</b></div><ul class="c-widget-related__list"><li class="c-widget-related__item"><a class="c-widget-related__article" href="/my-europe/2024/06/18/concentration-camp-museum-director-joins-campaign-to-ban-germanys-afd">Concentration camp museum director joins campaign to ban Germany's AfD</a></li><li class="c-widget-related__item"><a class="c-widget-related__article" href="/my-europe/2024/09/03/germany-grapples-with-far-right-surge-as-afd-wins-state-election">Germany grapples with far-right surge as AfD wins state election</a></li></ul></div><p>The professor also describes the group as illiberal, because it has problems accepting the independence of the judiciary, the rule of law and individual freedoms, and nativist, because of its opposition to immigration and the distinctions it draws between immigrants and native-born citizens.</p><div data-ad-id="adzone-native_1" data-ad-type="native" data-ad-position="1" class="advertising advertising--no-label advertising--native js-adzone"></div><p>"The parties that are clearly illiberal and nativist are to be found mainly in the Europe of Sovereign Nations," says Sinardet. "Some parties that are part of the Patriots for Europe can also be considered illiberal".</p><h2>Populism, not demagogy</h2><p>With 86 MEPs, the Patriots for Europe is the third largest force in the European Parliament.</p><p>Created in July, its members make up a who's who of European right-wingers: from France, Marine Le Pen's Rassemblement National; from Hungary, Viktor Orbán's Fidesz; from Italy, Matteo Salvini's League; from Spain, Santiago Abascal's Vox party; and from Austria, Herbert Kickl's FPÖ.</p><p>Patriots for Europe and Europe of Sovereign Nations can also be classified as populist, according to the professor.</p><div class="c-ad c-ad-halfpage u-margin-bottom-3 u-show-for-small-only"><div data-ad-id="adzone-halfpage_2" data-ad-type="halfpage" data-ad-position="2" class="c-ad__adzone advertising js-adzone"></div><div class="c-ad__placeholder"><img class="c-ad__placeholder__logo" src="https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-grey-6-180x22.svg" width="180" height="22" alt="" loading="lazy"><span>ADVERTISEMENT</span></div></div><div class="c-widget-related" data-stories-id="8795014,8772282" data-event="widget_related"><div class="c-widget-related__title"><b class="c-widget-related__title__text" lang="en">Related</b></div><ul class="c-widget-related__list"><li class="c-widget-related__item"><a class="c-widget-related__article" href="/my-europe/2024/10/04/far-right-freedom-party-leader-holds-talks-with-austrian-president-on-new-government">Far-right Freedom Party leader holds talks with Austrian president on new government</a></li><li class="c-widget-related__item"><a class="c-widget-related__article" href="/my-europe/2024/10/16/far-right-patriots-chief-declares-death-of-eu-migration-pact-as-groups-leaders-meet-in-bru">Far-right Patriots' chief declares death of EU migration pact as group's leaders meet in Brussels</a></li></ul></div><p>Often confused with demagogy, populism refers to a binary vision of society that pits an elite presented as corrupt against "the people", who are presented as homogeneous and pure.</p><p>Populism can be left- or right-wing. The strongly left-wing La France Insoumise, for example, is also widely considered a populist party.</p><h2>Recipe for radicalism</h2><p>Finally, some parties of the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) are often described not as far-right or extreme, but "radical right".</p><p>With 78 MEPs, this group is mainly built around Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni's party, Brothers of Italy, and former Polish leader Jarosław Kaczyński's Law and Justice.</p><div class="c-ad c-ad-halfpage u-margin-bottom-3 u-show-for-small-only"><div data-ad-id="adzone-halfpage_3" data-ad-type="halfpage" data-ad-position="3" class="c-ad__adzone advertising js-adzone"></div><div class="c-ad__placeholder"><img class="c-ad__placeholder__logo" src="https://static.euronews.com/website/images/logos/logo-euronews-grey-6-180x22.svg" width="180" height="22" alt="" loading="lazy"><span>ADVERTISEMENT</span></div></div><p>According to political scientist Cas Mudde, the term radical right refers to parties that combine two ideologies: nativism and authoritarianism, which together consider adherence to authority a supreme value.</p><p>"Not all European conservative and reformist parties can be considered radical right-wing," adds Sinardet. "They are often rather nationalist and conservative. But others can be considered radical right-wing".</p></div><div class="poool-widget"></div><a class="accessibility-bar__goto" href="#accessibility-bar__menu">Go to accessibility shortcuts</a><div class="c-article-partage-commentaire u-align-items-center u-display-flex"><span class="c-article-partage-commentaire__links u-align-items-center u-display-flex u-justify-content-center js-c-article-partage-commentaire-share"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M13.1304 7.93478C4.65217 7.93478 3.99999 14.7826 4 20C4 12.8261 9.43477 12.8261 13.1304 12.8261V15.7609L19 10.8696L13.1304 5V7.93478Z" stroke="#0172F0" stroke-linecap="round"/></svg><span>Share this article</span></span><a class="c-article-partage-commentaire__links c-article-partage-commentaire__links__comments u-align-items-center u-display-flex u-justify-content-center" href="#vuukle-comments-2655694" data-event="comments-link-social-share"><svg width="24" height="24" 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