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<span>籍名</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 用於已登出編輯者的頁面 <a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%96%80" aria-label="了解更多有關編輯"><span>了解更多</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%90%BE%E7%B8%BE" title="由此 IP 位址編輯的清單[y]" accesskey="y"><span>績</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%90%BE%E6%9B%B8%E6%88%BF" title="此IP所修之議[n]" accesskey="n"><span>議</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站台"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-販夫起兵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#販夫起兵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">一</span> <span>販夫起兵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-販夫起兵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-席捲南北" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#席捲南北"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二</span> <span>席捲南北</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-席捲南北-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-建號稱帝" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#建號稱帝"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">三</span> <span>建號稱帝</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-建號稱帝-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-敗亡關東" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#敗亡關東"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">四</span> <span>敗亡關東</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-敗亡關東-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-詩作" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#詩作"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">五</span> <span>詩作</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-詩作-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-引據" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引據"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">六</span> <span>引據</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引據-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="切換目次" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">切換目次</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">「齊金統帝」：各本之異</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有二二種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">二二種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%BA_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%88" title="هوانغ تشاو – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هوانغ تشاو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xuan_%C3%87ao" title="Xuan Çao – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xuan Çao" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%86" title="ھوانگ چاوۆ – 中庫德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھوانگ چاوۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Chao" title="Huang Chao – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Huang Chao" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Chao" title="Huang Chao – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Huang Chao" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A2%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88" title="هوآنگ چائو – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هوآنگ چائو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Chao" title="Huang Chao – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Huang Chao" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Chao" title="Huang Chao – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Huang Chao" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B7%A3" title="黄巣 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="黄巣" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%9D" title="ხუან ჩაო – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხუან ჩაო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%A9%EC%86%8C_(%EB%8B%B9%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC)" title="황소 (당나라) – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="황소 (당나라)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Chao" title="Huang Chao – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Huang Chao" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Chao" title="Huang Chao – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Huang Chao" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Хуан Чао – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хуан Чао" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Chao" title="Huang Chao – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Huang Chao" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Chao" title="Huang Chao – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Huang Chao" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huang_Chao" title="Huang Chao – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Huang Chao" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Хуан Чао – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хуан Чао" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%C3%A0ng_S%C3%A0o" title="Hoàng Sào – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hoàng Sào" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B7%A2" title="黄巢 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="黄巢" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B7%A2" title="黄巢 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="黄巢" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%A2" title="黃巢 – 粵語" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="黃巢" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粵語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q714113#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="修跨語鏈" class="wbc-editpage">纂鏈</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名集"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D" title="閱文稿[c]" accesskey="c"><span>文</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%8E%E8%AB%96:%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="求異見、辯是非、妥紛擾（查無此頁）[t]" accesskey="t"><span>議</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="變更語言變體" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">文言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多選項" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D"><span>閱</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外觀"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外觀</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-mw-helplink" class="mw-indicator"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Diff" target="_blank" class="mw-helplink"><span class="mw-helplink-icon"></span>助</a></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">文出維基大典</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-revslider-container"><span style='width: 100%; text-align: center;' id='ooui-php-1' class='mw-revslider-toggle-button oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-indicatorElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonWidget","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"indicator":"down","label":"\u4e92\u52d5\u5f0f\u700f\u89bd\u6b77\u53f2","title":"\u958b\u555f\u4fee\u8a02\u6642\u9593\u8ef8","classes":["mw-revslider-toggle-button"]}'><a role='button' title='開啟修訂時間軸' tabindex='0' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-iconElement-noIcon'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>互動式瀏覽歷史</span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicator-down'></span></a></span><div class="mw-revslider-slider-wrapper" style="display: none;"><div class="mw-revslider-placeholder"><div class="mw-revslider-spinner"><div class="mw-revslider-bounce"></div></div></div></div></div><div id="mw-fr-diff-headeritems"><form id="mw-fr-diff-dataform"><input type="hidden" value="411932" name="oldid"><input type="hidden" value="411965" name="newid"></form> <table class='fr-diff-ratings'><tr><td style='text-align: center; width: 50%;'><span class='flaggedrevs-color-1'>[初定本]</span></td><td style='text-align: center; width: 50%;'><span class='flaggedrevs-color-1'>[初定本]</span></td></tr></table> </div><div class="mw-diff-revision-history-links"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&diff=prev&oldid=411932" class="mw-diff-revision-history-link-previous" title="齊金統帝">←前辨</a></div><div class="mw-diff-table-prefix" dir="ltr" lang="lzh"><div class="mw-diff-inline-legend oo-ui-element-hidden"><span class="mw-diff-inline-legend-del">刪去的內容</span> <span class="mw-diff-inline-legend-ins">新增的內容</span></div><div class="ve-init-mw-diffPage-diffMode"><span class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonGroupWidget'><span aria-disabled='true' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-disabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-framed oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget'><a role='button' tabindex='-1' aria-disabled='true' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-eye oo-ui-image-invert'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>視覺化</span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-invert'></span></a></span><span class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-framed oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget oo-ui-buttonElement-active'><a role='button' tabindex='0' rel='nofollow' class='oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-wikiText oo-ui-image-invert'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>wikitext</span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-invert'></span></a></span></span></div><div class="mw-diffPage-inlineToggle-container"><div id='mw-diffPage-inline-toggle-switch-layout' class='oo-ui-layout oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-fieldLayout oo-ui-fieldLayout-align-left' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.FieldLayout","fieldWidget":{"tag":"mw-diffPage-inline-toggle-switch"},"$overlay":true,"label":"\u884c\u5167","title":"\u5728\u5167\u806f\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u5169\u5217\u683c\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\u5207\u63db"}'><div class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-body'><span class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-header'><label title='在內聯格式和兩列格式之間切換' id='ooui-php-2' class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>行內</label></span><div class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-field'><div id='mw-diffPage-inline-toggle-switch' title='在內聯格式和兩列格式之間切換' aria-checked='false' tabindex='0' role='switch' aria-labelledby='ooui-php-2' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-toggleWidget oo-ui-toggleWidget-off oo-ui-toggleSwitchWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ToggleSwitchWidget","href":"\/w\/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&diff=prev&oldid=411965&diff-type=inline","value":false,"title":"\u5728\u5167\u806f\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u5169\u5217\u683c\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9593\u5207\u63db"}'><span class='oo-ui-toggleSwitchWidget-glow'></span><a href='/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&diff=prev&oldid=411965&diff-type=inline'><span class='oo-ui-toggleSwitchWidget-grip'></span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><table class="diff diff-type-table diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="lzh"> <td colspan="2" class="diff-otitle diff-side-deleted"><div id="mw-diff-otitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&oldid=411932" title="齊金統帝">二〇二四年一二月五日（四）〇六時五一分審</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&oldid=411932" title="齊金統帝">纂</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2024-12-05T06:51:10Z"></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle2"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%80%85:Shunshen_Lee" class="mw-userlink" title="使用者:Shunshen Lee" data-mw-revid="411932"><bdi>Shunshen Lee</bdi></a><span class="mw-usertoollinks">（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%80%85%E8%A8%8E%E8%AB%96:Shunshen_Lee" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="使用者討論:Shunshen Lee">議</a>｜<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%8A%9F%E7%B8%BE/Shunshen_Lee" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="特殊:功績/Shunshen Lee">勛</a>）</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E:%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" title="說明:校對">自校者</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B8:%E5%88%86%E6%A0%A1%E5%AE%98" class="mw-redirect" title="維基大典:分校官">分校官</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B8:IP%E5%B0%81%E9%8E%96%E8%B1%81%E5%85%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="維基大典:IP封鎖豁免（查無此頁）">IP封鎖豁免者</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B8:%E6%9C%89%E7%A7%A9" title="維基大典:有秩">有秩</a></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>一八四三</span>筆編輯</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle3"><span class="comment mw-comment-none">無編輯摘要</span></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&diff=prev&oldid=411932" title="齊金統帝" id="differences-prevlink">←前辨</a></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-ntitle diff-side-added"><div id="mw-diff-ntitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&oldid=411965" title="齊金統帝">二〇二四年一二月五日（四）一四時一二分之今審</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit" title="齊金統帝">纂</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2024-12-05T14:12:24Z"></span> <span class="mw-diff-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&undoafter=411932&undo=411965" title="『復』乃開表加因也。">悔</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%80%85:Shunshen_Lee" class="mw-userlink" title="使用者:Shunshen Lee" data-mw-revid="411965"><bdi>Shunshen Lee</bdi></a><span class="mw-usertoollinks">（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%80%85%E8%A8%8E%E8%AB%96:Shunshen_Lee" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="使用者討論:Shunshen Lee">議</a>｜<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%8A%9F%E7%B8%BE/Shunshen_Lee" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="特殊:功績/Shunshen Lee">勛</a>）</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E:%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" title="說明:校對">自校者</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B8:%E5%88%86%E6%A0%A1%E5%AE%98" class="mw-redirect" title="維基大典:分校官">分校官</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B8:IP%E5%B0%81%E9%8E%96%E8%B1%81%E5%85%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="維基大典:IP封鎖豁免（查無此頁）">IP封鎖豁免者</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B8:%E6%9C%89%E7%A7%A9" title="維基大典:有秩">有秩</a></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>一八四三</span>筆編輯</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"><span class="comment mw-comment-none">無編輯摘要</span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第一七行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第一七行：</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>==販夫起兵==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>==販夫起兵==</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>[[唐]]乾符中，仍歲凶荒，人饑為盜，[[河南省|河南]]尤甚。初，里人[[王仙芝]]、[[尚君長]]聚盜，起于[[濮陽]]，攻剽城邑，陷曹、濮及鄆州。先有讖言云：「金色[[蛤蟆]]爭努眼，翻卻曹州[[天下]]反。」及仙芝盜起，時議畏之。左金吾衛上將軍齊克讓為[[兗州]][[節度使]]，以本軍討仙芝。仙芝懼，引眾曆陳、許、襄、鄧，無少長皆虜之，眾號三十萬。三年七月，陷[[荊州|江陵]]。十月，又遣將徐君莒陷洪州。時仙芝表請符節，不允。以神策統軍使宋威為荊南節度招討使，中使楊復光為監軍。復光遣判官吳彥宏諭以唐廷釋罪，別加官爵，仙芝乃令尚君長、蔡溫球、楚彥威相次詣闕請罪，且求恩命。時宋威害復光之功，並擒送闕，敕於狗脊嶺斬之。仙芝等怒，悉精銳擊唐軍，威軍大敗，復光收其餘眾以統之，唐廷以王鐸代為招討。五年八月，收復[[亳州]]，斬仙芝首獻于闕下。</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>[[唐]]乾符中，仍歲凶荒，人饑為盜，[[河南省|河南]]尤甚。初，里人[[王仙芝]]、[[尚君長]]聚盜，起于[[濮陽]]，攻剽城邑，陷曹、濮及鄆州。先有讖言云：「金色[[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">蛙|</ins>蛤蟆]]爭努眼，翻卻曹州[[天下]]反。」及仙芝盜起，時議畏之。左金吾衛上將軍齊克讓為[[兗州]][[節度使]]，以本軍討仙芝。仙芝懼，引眾曆陳、許、襄、鄧，無少長皆虜之，眾號三十萬。三年七月，陷[[荊州|江陵]]。十月，又遣將徐君莒陷洪州。時仙芝表請符節，不允。以神策統軍使宋威為荊南節度招討使，中使楊復光為監軍。復光遣判官吳彥宏諭以唐廷釋罪，別加官爵，仙芝乃令尚君長、蔡溫球、楚彥威相次詣闕請罪，且求恩命。時宋威害復光之功，並擒送闕，敕於狗脊嶺斬之。仙芝等怒，悉精銳擊唐軍，威軍大敗，復光收其餘眾以統之，唐廷以王鐸代為招討。五年八月，收復[[亳州]]，斬仙芝首獻于闕下。</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>先是，君長弟讓以兄奉使見誅，率部眾入嵖岈山。黃巢、黃揆昆仲八人，率盜數千依讓。月餘，眾至數萬。陷汝州，虜[[刺史]]王鐐，又掠關東。唐軍加討，屢為所敗，其眾十餘萬。尚讓乃與群盜推巢為王，號「'''沖天大將軍'''」，仍署官屬，藩鎮不能制。時天下承平日久，人不知兵。[[唐僖宗]]以幼主臨朝，號令出於臣下。南衙北司，迭相矛盾，以至一朝有變，天下離心。巢之起也，人士從而附之，或巢馳檄四方，章奏論列，皆指目朝政之弊，蓋士不逞者之辭也。巢黨徒既盛，與仙芝為形援。及仙芝敗，東攻亳州不下，乃襲破沂州據之，仙芝余黨悉附焉。</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>先是，君長弟讓以兄奉使見誅，率部眾入嵖岈山。黃巢、黃揆昆仲八人，率盜數千依讓。月餘，眾至數萬。陷汝州，虜[[刺史]]王鐐，又掠關東。唐軍加討，屢為所敗，其眾十餘萬。尚讓乃與群盜推巢為王，號「'''沖天大將軍'''」，仍署官屬，藩鎮不能制。時天下承平日久，人不知兵。[[唐僖宗]]以幼主臨朝，號令出於臣下。南衙北司，迭相矛盾，以至一朝有變，天下離心。巢之起也，人士從而附之，或巢馳檄四方，章奏論列，皆指目朝政之弊，蓋士不逞者之辭也。巢黨徒既盛，與仙芝為形援。及仙芝敗，東攻亳州不下，乃襲破沂州據之，仙芝余黨悉附焉。</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第二四行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第二四行：</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>時[[王鐸]]雖銜招討之權，緩於攻取。時[[高駢]]鎮[[淮南]]，表請招討巢，許之，議加都統。巢乃渡[[淮水]]，偽降於駢。駢遣將張璘率兵受降於天長鎮，巢擒璘殺之，因虜其眾。尋南陷湖、湘，遂據交、廣。托越州觀察使崔璆奏乞天平軍節度，朝議不允。又乞除官，時[[宰相]]鄭畋與[[樞密使]]楊復恭奏，欲請授同正員將軍。盧攜駁其議，請授率府率，如其不受，請以高駢討之。及巢見詔，大詬執政，又自表乞[[安南]]都護、[[廣州市|廣州]]節度，亦不允。然巢以士眾烏合，欲據[[南海]]之地，永為窠穴，坐邀朝命。</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>時[[王鐸]]雖銜招討之權，緩於攻取。時[[高駢]]鎮[[淮南]]，表請招討巢，許之，議加都統。巢乃渡[[淮水]]，偽降於駢。駢遣將張璘率兵受降於天長鎮，巢擒璘殺之，因虜其眾。尋南陷湖、湘，遂據交、廣。托越州觀察使崔璆奏乞天平軍節度，朝議不允。又乞除官，時[[宰相]]鄭畋與[[樞密使]]楊復恭奏，欲請授同正員將軍。盧攜駁其議，請授率府率，如其不受，請以高駢討之。及巢見詔，大詬執政，又自表乞[[安南]]都護、[[廣州市|廣州]]節度，亦不允。然巢以士眾烏合，欲據[[南海]]之地，永為窠穴，坐邀朝命。</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>是歲自春及夏，其眾大疫，死者十三四。眾勸請北歸，以圖大利。巢不得已，廣明元年，北逾五嶺，犯湖、湘、江、浙，進逼[[廣陵]]，高駢閉門自固，所過鎮戍，俱望風而降。九月，渡淮。十一月十七日，陷[[洛陽]]，留守劉允章率分司官迎之。繼攻陝、虢，逼[[潼關]]，陷[[華州]]，留將奮鈐守之<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">。</del>河中節度使李都詐進表於巢。僖宗以[[中官]][[田令孜]]率神策、博野等軍十萬守潼關。時禁軍皆長安富族，世籍兩軍，豐給厚賜，高車大馬，以事權豪，自少迄長，不知戰陣。初聞科集，父子聚哭，憚於出征。各于兩市出值萬計，傭雇負販屠沽及病坊窮人以為戰士。復任宦官為將帥，驅以守關。關之左有谷，可通行人，平時捉稅，禁人出入，謂之禁穀。及巢軍至，唐軍但守潼關，不防禁谷，以為穀既官禁，巢軍無得而逾也。尚讓、林言率前鋒由禁谷而入，夾攻潼關。唐軍大潰，博野都徑還[[長安|京師]]，燔掠西市。</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>是歲自春及夏，其眾大疫，死者十三四。眾勸請北歸，以圖大利。巢不得已，廣明元年，北逾五嶺，犯湖、湘、江、浙，進逼[[廣陵]]，高駢閉門自固，所過鎮戍，俱望風而降。九月，渡淮。十一月十七日，陷[[洛陽]]，留守劉允章率分司官迎之。繼攻陝、虢，逼[[潼關]]，陷[[華州]]，留將奮鈐守之<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">，</ins>河中節度使李都詐進表於巢。僖宗以[[中官]][[田令孜]]率神策、博野等軍十萬守潼關。時禁軍皆長安富族，世籍兩軍，豐給厚賜，高車大馬，以事權豪，自少迄長，不知戰陣。初聞科集，父子聚哭，憚於出征。各于兩市出值萬計，傭雇負販屠沽及病坊窮人以為戰士。復任宦官為將帥，驅以守關。關之左有谷，可通行人，平時捉稅，禁人出入，謂之禁穀。及巢軍至，唐軍但守潼關，不防禁谷，以為穀既官禁，巢軍無得而逾也。尚讓、林言率前鋒由禁谷而入，夾攻潼關。唐軍大潰，博野都徑還[[長安|京師]]，燔掠西市。</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>十二月三日，僖宗夜自開遠門出，趨駱谷，諸王官屬相次奔命。觀軍容使田令孜、王若儔收合禁軍扈從。四日，巢至昭應，金吾大將軍張直方率在京兩班迎巢[[灞上]]。五日，巢軍陷京師。</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>十二月三日，僖宗夜自開遠門出，趨駱谷，諸王官屬相次奔命。觀軍容使田令孜、王若儔收合禁軍扈從。四日，巢至昭應，金吾大將軍張直方率在京兩班迎巢[[灞上]]。五日，巢軍陷京師。</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第四三行：</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第四三行：</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>五月，巢先鋒將孟楷攻[[蔡州]]，節度使[[秦宗權]]以兵逆戰，為巢所敗。攻城急，宗權乃稱臣於巢。遂攻陳、許，營于溵水。[[陳州]]刺史趙犨迎戰，敗巢前鋒，生擒孟楷，斬之。巢素寵楷，悲惜之，乃悉眾攻陳州。營於城北五里，為宮闕之制，曰八仙營。於是巢圍陳郡百日，關東仍歲無耕稼，人餓倚牆壁間，巢軍俘人而食，日殺數千。巢有舂磨砦，為巨碓數百，生納人於臼碎之，合骨而食矣。</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>五月，巢先鋒將孟楷攻[[蔡州]]，節度使[[秦宗權]]以兵逆戰，為巢所敗。攻城急，宗權乃稱臣於巢。遂攻陳、許，營于溵水。[[陳州]]刺史趙犨迎戰，敗巢前鋒，生擒孟楷，斬之。巢素寵楷，悲惜之，乃悉眾攻陳州。營於城北五里，為宮闕之制，曰八仙營。於是巢圍陳郡百日，關東仍歲無耕稼，人餓倚牆壁間，巢軍俘人而食，日殺數千。巢有舂磨砦，為巨碓數百，生納人於臼碎之，合骨而食矣。</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>趙犨求援於[[太原]]。四年二月，李克用率山西諸軍，由蒲、陝濟河，會關東諸侯，赴援陳州。三月，諸侯之師復集。四月，<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">官</del>軍敗<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">賊</del>于太康，俘斬萬計，拔其四壁。又敗巢將黃鄴于西華，拔其壁。巢大恐，收軍營于故陽里，唐軍進攻之。五月，大雨震雷，平地水深三尺，壞巢兵壘，其自離散，復聚于尉氏，逼中牟。翌日，營汴水北。是日，復大雨震電，溝塍漲流。巢分兵攻[[汴梁|汴州]]，克用自[[鄭州]]引軍襲擊，大敗之，獲巢將李用、楊景。殘眾保胙縣、冤句，唐軍追討，巢無所保。其將李讜、楊能、霍存、葛從周、張歸厚、張歸霸各率部下降于大梁，尚讓率部下萬人歸時薄。巢自相猜間，相殺于營中，所殘者千人，中夜遁去。克用追擊至濟陰而還<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">。</del>巢散於兗、鄆界。巢入[[泰山]]，徐帥時薄遣將張友與尚讓之眾掩捕之。至狼虎谷，巢將林言斬巢<ref>[[趙宋|宋人]]邵博《邵氏聞見後錄》：「中和四年六月，時溥以黃巢首上行在者，偽也。東西二都舊老相傳，黃巢實不死，其為尚址所急，陷<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">太</del>山狼虎谷，乃自髡為僧，得脫，往投河南尹[[張全義]]，故巢黨也。各不敢識，但作南禪寺以舍之。予數至南禪，壁間畫僧，巢也。其狀不逾中人，唯正蛇眼為異耳。老人言：更有故寫真絹本尤奇，巢題詩其上云：『猶憶當年草上飛，鐵衣脫盡掛僧衣。天津橋上無人識，獨憑闌幹看落暉。』為李易初取也。」宋人陶穀《五代亂離記》：「巢既遁免，祝髮為浮屠。有詩云：『三十年前草上飛，鐵衣著盡著僧衣。天津橋上無人問，獨倚危欄看落暉。』」。宋人羅大經《鶴林玉露》「自古盜賊，如黃巢、儂智高，敗績之後，皆能脫身自免。巢髡發為僧，題詩自贊曰：『鐵衣著盡著僧衣』」</ref>，及二弟鄴、揆等七人首，並妻子皆送[[徐州]]<ref>范文瀾所纂《中國通史簡編》稱：「黃巢帶著—些家屬逃入泰山，外甥林言殺黃巢、黃鄴、黃揆及這些人的妻和子，取首級要到時溥處獻功，路上遇唐兵。唐兵殺林言，取林言和黃巢等人的首級獻給時溥。」</ref>。</div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>趙犨求援於[[太原]]。四年二月，李克用率山西諸軍，由蒲、陝濟河，會關東諸侯，赴援陳州。三月，諸侯之師復集。四月，<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">唐</ins>軍敗<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">巢</ins>于太康，俘斬萬計，拔其四壁。又敗巢將黃鄴于西華，拔其壁。巢大恐，收軍營于故陽里，唐軍進攻之。五月，大雨震雷，平地水深三尺，壞巢兵壘，其自離散，復聚于尉氏，逼中牟。翌日，營汴水北。是日，復大雨震電，溝塍漲流。巢分兵攻[[汴梁|汴州]]，克用自[[鄭州]]引軍襲擊，大敗之，獲巢將李用、楊景。殘眾保胙縣、冤句，唐軍追討，巢無所保。其將李讜、楊能、霍存、葛從周、張歸厚、張歸霸各率部下降于大梁，尚讓率部下萬人歸時薄。巢自相猜間，相殺于營中，所殘者千人，中夜遁去。克用追擊至濟陰而還<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">，</ins>巢散於兗、鄆界。巢入[[泰山]]，徐帥時薄遣將張友與尚讓之眾掩捕之。至狼虎谷，巢將林言斬巢<ref>[[趙宋|宋人]]邵博《邵氏聞見後錄》<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">云</ins>：「中和四年六月，時溥以黃巢首上行在者，偽也。東西二都舊老相傳，黃巢實不死，其為尚址所急，陷<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">泰</ins>山狼虎谷，乃自髡為僧，得脫，往投河南尹[[張全義]]，故巢黨也。各不敢識，但作南禪寺以舍之。予數至南禪，壁間畫僧，巢也。其狀不逾中人，唯正蛇眼為異耳。老人言：更有故寫真絹本尤奇，巢題詩其上云：『猶憶當年草上飛，鐵衣脫盡掛僧衣。天津橋上無人識，獨憑闌幹看落暉。』為李易初取也。」宋人陶穀《五代亂離記》<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">云</ins>：「巢既遁免，祝髮為浮屠。有詩云：『三十年前草上飛，鐵衣著盡著僧衣。天津橋上無人問，獨倚危欄看落暉。』」。宋人羅大經《鶴林玉露》<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">云：</ins>「自古盜賊，如黃巢、儂智高，敗績之後，皆能脫身自免。巢髡發為僧，題詩自贊曰：『鐵衣著盡著僧衣』」</ref>，及二弟鄴、揆等七人首，並妻子皆送[[徐州]]<ref>范文瀾所纂《中國通史簡編》稱：「黃巢帶著—些家屬逃入泰山，外甥林言殺黃巢、黃鄴、黃揆及這些人的妻和子，取首級要到時溥處獻功，路上遇唐兵。唐兵殺林言，取林言和黃巢等人的首級獻給時溥。」</ref>。</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>==詩作==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>==詩作==</div></td> </tr>  </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>二〇二四年一二月五日（四）一四時一二分之今審</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lzh" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" align="right" style="margin:5px 0 5px 5px; padding:3px;width:225px; border:2px; border-color:gold"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:gold; font-size: 110%;" colspan="2" align="center">大齊皇帝 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88:%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%A2%EF%BC%88%E6%AE%98%E5%94%90%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9%E5%82%B3%EF%BC%89.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%A2%EF%BC%88%E6%AE%98%E5%94%90%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9%E5%82%B3%EF%BC%89.jpg/200px-%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%A2%EF%BC%88%E6%AE%98%E5%94%90%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9%E5%82%B3%EF%BC%89.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%A2%EF%BC%88%E6%AE%98%E5%94%90%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9%E5%82%B3%EF%BC%89.jpg/300px-%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%A2%EF%BC%88%E6%AE%98%E5%94%90%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9%E5%82%B3%EF%BC%89.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%A2%EF%BC%88%E6%AE%98%E5%94%90%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9%E5%82%B3%EF%BC%89.jpg/400px-%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%A2%EF%BC%88%E6%AE%98%E5%94%90%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%B2%E6%BC%94%E7%BE%A9%E5%82%B3%EF%BC%89.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2193" data-file-height="3571" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><b>名諱</b></td> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><b>黃巢</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><b>生卒</b></td> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90" title="唐">唐</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%96%87%E5%AE%97" title="唐文宗">文宗</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%92%8C%E4%B9%9D%E5%B9%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大和九年（查無此頁）">大和九年</a><br />至<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%83%96%E5%AE%97" title="唐僖宗">僖宗</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%9B%E5%B9%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中和四年（查無此頁）">中和四年</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><b>在位</b></td> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E9%9C%B8%E5%85%83%E5%B9%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王霸元年（查無此頁）">王霸元年</a>二月<br />至<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金統五年（查無此頁）">金統五年</a>六月 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><b>政權</b></td> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E9%BD%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大齊（查無此頁）">大齊</a> </td></tr><tr><td style="font-size: 95%;"> <b>廟號</b></td><td style="font-size: 95%;">無</td></tr><tr><td style="font-size: 95%;"><b>諡號</b></td><td style="font-size: 95%;">無</td></tr><tr><td style="font-size: 95%;"><b>陵墓</b></td><td style="font-size: 95%;">無</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><b>先君</b></td> <td style="font-size: 95%;">建國 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%;"><b>嗣君</b></td> <td style="font-size: 95%;">亡國 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:gold;" colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F" title="年號">年號</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%;" colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E9%9C%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王霸（查無此頁）">王霸</a> <small>(稱王)</small><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金統（查無此頁）">金統</a> <small>(稱帝)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>大齊皇帝</b>諱<b>巢</b>，姓<b>黃氏</b>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81" title="山東省">曹州</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%8F%E6%BE%A4%E5%B8%82" title="菏澤市">冤句</a>人，本以販<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BD" title="鹽">鹽</a>為事。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="販夫起兵"><span id=".E8.B2.A9.E5.A4.AB.E8.B5.B7.E5.85.B5"></span>販夫起兵</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=1" title="所纂章名：販夫起兵"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90" title="唐">唐</a>乾符中，仍歲凶荒，人饑為盜，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南</a>尤甚。初，里人<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E4%BB%99%E8%8A%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王仙芝（查無此頁）">王仙芝</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%9A%E5%90%9B%E9%95%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尚君長（查無此頁）">尚君長</a>聚盜，起于<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%AE%E9%99%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="濮陽（查無此頁）">濮陽</a>，攻剽城邑，陷曹、濮及鄆州。先有讖言云：「金色<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%99" class="mw-redirect" title="蛙">蛤蟆</a>爭努眼，翻卻曹州<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B" title="天下">天下</a>反。」及仙芝盜起，時議畏之。左金吾衛上將軍齊克讓為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%97%E5%B7%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="兗州（查無此頁）">兗州</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%80%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="節度使（查無此頁）">節度使</a>，以本軍討仙芝。仙芝懼，引眾曆陳、許、襄、鄧，無少長皆虜之，眾號三十萬。三年七月，陷<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%8A%E5%B7%9E" title="荊州">江陵</a>。十月，又遣將徐君莒陷洪州。時仙芝表請符節，不允。以神策統軍使宋威為荊南節度招討使，中使楊復光為監軍。復光遣判官吳彥宏諭以唐廷釋罪，別加官爵，仙芝乃令尚君長、蔡溫球、楚彥威相次詣闕請罪，且求恩命。時宋威害復光之功，並擒送闕，敕於狗脊嶺斬之。仙芝等怒，悉精銳擊唐軍，威軍大敗，復光收其餘眾以統之，唐廷以王鐸代為招討。五年八月，收復<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%B3%E5%B7%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亳州（查無此頁）">亳州</a>，斬仙芝首獻于闕下。 </p><p>先是，君長弟讓以兄奉使見誅，率部眾入嵖岈山。黃巢、黃揆昆仲八人，率盜數千依讓。月餘，眾至數萬。陷汝州，虜<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BA%E5%8F%B2" title="刺史">刺史</a>王鐐，又掠關東。唐軍加討，屢為所敗，其眾十餘萬。尚讓乃與群盜推巢為王，號「<b>沖天大將軍</b>」，仍署官屬，藩鎮不能制。時天下承平日久，人不知兵。<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%83%96%E5%AE%97" title="唐僖宗">唐僖宗</a>以幼主臨朝，號令出於臣下。南衙北司，迭相矛盾，以至一朝有變，天下離心。巢之起也，人士從而附之，或巢馳檄四方，章奏論列，皆指目朝政之弊，蓋士不逞者之辭也。巢黨徒既盛，與仙芝為形援。及仙芝敗，東攻亳州不下，乃襲破沂州據之，仙芝余黨悉附焉。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="席捲南北"><span id=".E5.B8.AD.E6.8D.B2.E5.8D.97.E5.8C.97"></span>席捲南北</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=2" title="所纂章名：席捲南北"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>時<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%90%B8" title="王鐸">王鐸</a>雖銜招討之權，緩於攻取。時<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E9%A7%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高駢（查無此頁）">高駢</a>鎮<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%AE%E5%8D%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="淮南（查無此頁）">淮南</a>，表請招討巢，許之，議加都統。巢乃渡<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%AE%E6%B0%B4" title="淮水">淮水</a>，偽降於駢。駢遣將張璘率兵受降於天長鎮，巢擒璘殺之，因虜其眾。尋南陷湖、湘，遂據交、廣。托越州觀察使崔璆奏乞天平軍節度，朝議不允。又乞除官，時<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B0%E7%9B%B8" title="宰相">宰相</a>鄭畋與<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A8%9E%E5%AF%86%E4%BD%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="樞密使（查無此頁）">樞密使</a>楊復恭奏，欲請授同正員將軍。盧攜駁其議，請授率府率，如其不受，請以高駢討之。及巢見詔，大詬執政，又自表乞<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="安南">安南</a>都護、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="廣州市">廣州</a>節度，亦不允。然巢以士眾烏合，欲據<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B5%B7" title="南海">南海</a>之地，永為窠穴，坐邀朝命。 </p><p>是歲自春及夏，其眾大疫，死者十三四。眾勸請北歸，以圖大利。巢不得已，廣明元年，北逾五嶺，犯湖、湘、江、浙，進逼<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%A3%E9%99%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="廣陵（查無此頁）">廣陵</a>，高駢閉門自固，所過鎮戍，俱望風而降。九月，渡淮。十一月十七日，陷<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E9%99%BD" title="洛陽">洛陽</a>，留守劉允章率分司官迎之。繼攻陝、虢，逼<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%BC%E9%97%9C" title="潼關">潼關</a>，陷<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%AF%E5%B7%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="華州（查無此頁）">華州</a>，留將奮鈐守之，河中節度使李都詐進表於巢。僖宗以<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AE%98" class="mw-redirect" title="中官">中官</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B0%E4%BB%A4%E5%AD%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="田令孜（查無此頁）">田令孜</a>率神策、博野等軍十萬守潼關。時禁軍皆長安富族，世籍兩軍，豐給厚賜，高車大馬，以事權豪，自少迄長，不知戰陣。初聞科集，父子聚哭，憚於出征。各于兩市出值萬計，傭雇負販屠沽及病坊窮人以為戰士。復任宦官為將帥，驅以守關。關之左有谷，可通行人，平時捉稅，禁人出入，謂之禁穀。及巢軍至，唐軍但守潼關，不防禁谷，以為穀既官禁，巢軍無得而逾也。尚讓、林言率前鋒由禁谷而入，夾攻潼關。唐軍大潰，博野都徑還<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%AE%89" title="長安">京師</a>，燔掠西市。 </p><p>十二月三日，僖宗夜自開遠門出，趨駱谷，諸王官屬相次奔命。觀軍容使田令孜、王若儔收合禁軍扈從。四日，巢至昭應，金吾大將軍張直方率在京兩班迎巢<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%9E%E4%B8%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="灞上（查無此頁）">灞上</a>。五日，巢軍陷京師。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="建號稱帝"><span id=".E5.BB.BA.E8.99.9F.E7.A8.B1.E5.B8.9D"></span>建號稱帝</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=3" title="所纂章名：建號稱帝"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88:%E5%94%90%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%9C%E6%B0%91%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BE.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%9C%E6%B0%91%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BE.png/220px-%E5%94%90%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%9C%E6%B0%91%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BE.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%9C%E6%B0%91%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BE.png/330px-%E5%94%90%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%9C%E6%B0%91%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BE.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%9C%E6%B0%91%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BE.png/440px-%E5%94%90%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%9C%E6%B0%91%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BE.png 2x" data-file-width="828" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>黃巢起兵圖</figcaption></figure> <p>時巢眾累年為盜，行伍不勝其富，遇窮民于路，爭行施遺。既入春明門，坊市聚觀，尚讓慰曉市人曰：「黃王為生靈，不似李家不恤汝輩，但各安家。」巢眾競投物遺人。十三日，巢即皇帝位，國號「<b>大齊</b>」，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F" title="年號">改元</a>「<b>金統</b>」，仍御樓宣赦，且陳符命曰：「唐帝知朕起義，改元廣明，以文字言之，唐已無天分矣。『唐』去『醜』、『口』而安『黃』，天意令黃在唐下，乃黃家日月也。土德生金，予以金王，宜改年為金統。」詔搜訪舊宰相不獲，以前浙東觀察使崔璆、楊希古、尚讓、趙章為四相，孟楷、蓋洪為左右軍中尉，費傳古為樞密使，王璠為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E5%85%86%E5%B0%B9" title="京兆尹">京兆尹</a>，許建、朱實、劉塘為軍庫使，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%BA%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="朱溫">朱溫</a>、張言、彭攢、季逵為諸衛大將軍、四面游奕使。又選驍勇形體魁梧者五百人，曰功臣。令其甥林言為軍使，比之控鶴。 </p><p>中和元年二月，尚讓寇鳳翔，鄭畋出師禦之，大敗巢軍于龍尾坡，畋乃馳檄告喻天下藩鎮。四月，涇原行軍唐弘夫之師屯渭北，河中<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E9%87%8D%E6%A6%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王重榮（查無此頁）">王重榮</a>之師屯沙苑，易定王處存之師屯渭橋，鄜延<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%93%E6%8B%94%E6%80%9D%E6%81%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拓拔思恭（查無此頁）">拓拔思恭</a>之師屯武功，鳳翔鄭畋之師屯盩至。六月，邠寧朱玫之師屯興平，忠武之師三千屯武功。是歲<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="諸侯">諸侯</a>勤王之師，四面俱會。十二月，宰相王鐸率荊、襄之師自行在至，鄭畋帳下小校竇玫者，驍勇無敵，每夜率敢死之士百人，直入京師，放火燔諸門，斬級而還，巢軍悚駭。 </p><p>時京畿百姓皆砦于山谷，累年廢耕耘，巢坐空城，賦輸無入，穀食騰踴，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="大米">米</a>斗三十千。唐軍皆執山砦百姓，鬻于巢兵為食，人獲數十萬。朝士皆往來同、華，或以賣餅為業，因奔於河中。宰相崔沆、豆盧瓚扈從不及，匿之別墅，所由搜索嚴急，乃微行入永甯里張直方之家。朝貴怙直方之豪，多依之。既而或告巢云：「直方謀反，納亡命。」巢軍攻其第，直方族誅，沆、瓚數百人皆遇害。自是巢始酷虐，族滅居人。遣使傳命召故相<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A7%99%E9%A6%AC%E9%83%BD%E5%B0%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="駙馬都尉（查無此頁）">駙馬都尉</a>于琮於其第。琮曰：「吾唐室大臣，不可佐黃家草昧，加之老疾。」巢怒，令誅之。廣德公主並巢號咷而謂曰：「予即天子女，不宜復存，可與相公俱死。」是日並誅。 </p><p>二年，王處存合忠武之師，敗巢將尚讓，乘勝入京師，巢軍遁去。處存不為備，是夜復為巢兵襲，唐軍不利。巢怒坊市百姓迎唐，乃下令洗城，丈夫丁壯，殺戮殆盡，流血成渠。九月，巢將同州刺史朱溫降重榮。十一月，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="山西">代北</a>節度使<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%8B%E7%94%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="李克用">李克用</a>率師自夏陽渡<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="河水">河</a>，屯沙苑。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="敗亡關東"><span id=".E6.95.97.E4.BA.A1.E9.97.9C.E6.9D.B1"></span>敗亡關東</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=4" title="所纂章名：敗亡關東"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>三年正月，敗黃揆于沙苑，進營乾坑。二月，巢將林言、趙章、尚讓率眾十萬援華州。克用合河中、易定、忠武之師，戰于梁田坡，大敗巢軍，俘斬數萬，乘勝攻華州，塹柵以環之。克用騎軍在渭北，令薛志勤、康君立每夜突入京師，燔積聚，俘級而旋。黃揆棄華州，唐軍收城。四月八日，克用合忠武騎將龐從遇巢於渭南，決戰三捷，大敗巢眾。十日夜，巢散走。詰旦，克用由光泰門入，收京師。巢出藍田、七盤路，東走關東。 </p><p>五月，巢先鋒將孟楷攻<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%94%A1%E5%B7%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蔡州（查無此頁）">蔡州</a>，節度使<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%A6%E5%AE%97%E6%AC%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="秦宗權（查無此頁）">秦宗權</a>以兵逆戰，為巢所敗。攻城急，宗權乃稱臣於巢。遂攻陳、許，營于溵水。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%B3%E5%B7%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陳州（查無此頁）">陳州</a>刺史趙犨迎戰，敗巢前鋒，生擒孟楷，斬之。巢素寵楷，悲惜之，乃悉眾攻陳州。營於城北五里，為宮闕之制，曰八仙營。於是巢圍陳郡百日，關東仍歲無耕稼，人餓倚牆壁間，巢軍俘人而食，日殺數千。巢有舂磨砦，為巨碓數百，生納人於臼碎之，合骨而食矣。 </p><p>趙犨求援於<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="太原">太原</a>。四年二月，李克用率山西諸軍，由蒲、陝濟河，會關東諸侯，赴援陳州。三月，諸侯之師復集。四月，唐軍敗巢于太康，俘斬萬計，拔其四壁。又敗巢將黃鄴于西華，拔其壁。巢大恐，收軍營于故陽里，唐軍進攻之。五月，大雨震雷，平地水深三尺，壞巢兵壘，其自離散，復聚于尉氏，逼中牟。翌日，營汴水北。是日，復大雨震電，溝塍漲流。巢分兵攻<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B4%E6%A2%81" class="mw-redirect" title="汴梁">汴州</a>，克用自<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="鄭州">鄭州</a>引軍襲擊，大敗之，獲巢將李用、楊景。殘眾保胙縣、冤句，唐軍追討，巢無所保。其將李讜、楊能、霍存、葛從周、張歸厚、張歸霸各率部下降于大梁，尚讓率部下萬人歸時薄。巢自相猜間，相殺于營中，所殘者千人，中夜遁去。克用追擊至濟陰而還，巢散於兗、鄆界。巢入<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="泰山">泰山</a>，徐帥時薄遣將張友與尚讓之眾掩捕之。至狼虎谷，巢將林言斬巢<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>一<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，及二弟鄴、揆等七人首，並妻子皆送<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E5%B7%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="徐州（查無此頁）">徐州</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>二<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="詩作"><span id=".E8.A9.A9.E4.BD.9C"></span>詩作</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=5" title="所纂章名：詩作"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《題菊花》</li> <li>《不第後賦菊》</li> <li>《自題像》</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="引據"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E6.93.9A"></span>引據</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E9%87%91%E7%B5%B1%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=6" title="所纂章名：引據"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%AE%8B" title="趙宋">宋人</a>邵博《邵氏聞見後錄》云：「中和四年六月，時溥以黃巢首上行在者，偽也。東西二都舊老相傳，黃巢實不死，其為尚址所急，陷泰山狼虎谷，乃自髡為僧，得脫，往投河南尹<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%B5%E5%85%A8%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="張全義（查無此頁）">張全義</a>，故巢黨也。各不敢識，但作南禪寺以舍之。予數至南禪，壁間畫僧，巢也。其狀不逾中人，唯正蛇眼為異耳。老人言：更有故寫真絹本尤奇，巢題詩其上云：『猶憶當年草上飛，鐵衣脫盡掛僧衣。天津橋上無人識，獨憑闌幹看落暉。』為李易初取也。」宋人陶穀《五代亂離記》云：「巢既遁免，祝髮為浮屠。有詩云：『三十年前草上飛，鐵衣著盡著僧衣。天津橋上無人問，獨倚危欄看落暉。』」。宋人羅大經《鶴林玉露》云：「自古盜賊，如黃巢、儂智高，敗績之後，皆能脫身自免。巢髡發為僧，題詩自贊曰：『鐵衣著盡著僧衣』」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">范文瀾所纂《中國通史簡編》稱：「黃巢帶著—些家屬逃入泰山，外甥林言殺黃巢、黃鄴、黃揆及這些人的妻和子，取首級要到時溥處獻功，路上遇唐兵。唐兵殺林言，取林言和黃巢等人的首級獻給時溥。」</span> </li> </ol></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">取自「<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=齊金統帝&oldid=411965">https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=齊金統帝&oldid=411965</a>」</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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