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Information from its <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Phototransduction.png" class="extiw" title="commons:File:Phototransduction.png">description page there</a></b> is shown below.<br /><span style="font-size: smaller;">Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Welcome" class="extiw" title="commons:Commons:Welcome">You can help</a>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> <div id="shared-image-desc"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="hproduct commons-file-information-table"> <table class="fileinfotpl-type-information vevent" dir="ltr"> <tbody><tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_desc" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Description<span class="summary fn" style="display:none">Phototransduction.png</span></td> <td class="description"> <div class="description en" dir="ltr" lang="en"><span class="language en" title="English"><b>English: </b></span> Representation of molecular steps in photoactivation (modified from Leskov et al., 2000). Depicted is an outer membrane disk in a rod. Step 1: Incident photon (hv) is absorbed and activates a rhodopsin by conformational change in the disk membrane to R*. Step 2: Next, R* makes repeated contacts with transducin molecules, catalyzing its activation to G* by the release of bound GDP in exchange for cytoplasmic GTP. The α and γ subunits Step 3: G* binds inhibitory γ subunits of the phosphodiesterase (PDE) activating its α and β subunits. Step 4: Activated PDE hydrolyzes cGMP. Step 5: Guanylyl cyclase (GC) synthesizes cGMP, the second messenger in the phototransduction cascade. Reduced levels of cytosolic cGMP cause cyclic nucleotide gated channels to close preventing further influx of Na+ and Ca2+.</div> <div class="description de" dir="ltr" lang="de"><span class="language de" title="German"><b>Deutsch: </b></span> Repräsentation der molekularen Schritte der Lichtaktivierung (verändert nach Leskov et al., 2000). Es wird die äussere Membranschiebe eines Stäbchens abgebildet. <ul><li>Schritt 1: Das eintreffende Photon (hv) wird absorbiert und aktiviert das Rhodopsin durch eine Konformationsänderung in der Scheibenmembran zu R*.</li> <li>Schritt 2: Als nächstes hat R* wiederholten Kontakt zu Transducin Molekülen.</li> <li>Dies katalyisiert die Aktivierung zu G* durch die Freisetzung von gebundenem GDP und bindet dann freies GTP (Schritt 3). Die Alpha- und Gamma Untereinheiten von G* binden an die hemmende Gamma Untereinheit der Phosphodiesterase (PDE), was seine Alpha- und Beta Untereinheiten aktiviert.</li> <li>Schritt 4: Aktiviertes PDE hydrolysiert cGMP.</li> <li>Schritt 5: Guanylyl cyclase (GC) synthetisiert cGMP, welches als second messenger, also als Botenstoff fungiert. Reduzierte Mengen von freiem cGMP führt dazu, dass die Kanäle geschlossen werden und weiterer Einstrom von Na+ und Ca2+ verhindern.</li></ul></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_date" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Date</td> <td lang="en"> <time class="dtstart" datetime="2007-12-10" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="white-space:nowrap">10 December 2007</time></td> </tr> <tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_src" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Source</td> <td> <a class="external free" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Phototransduction.png">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Phototransduction.png</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td id="fileinfotpl_aut" class="fileinfo-paramfield" lang="en">Author</td> <td> Jason J. 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class="wbmi-entity-header"><div class="wbmi-entity-data"><div class="wbmi-entity-title"><h4 class="wbmi-entity-label"><bdi><a target="_blank" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q14947546" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14947546">Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported</a></bdi></h4></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="P571" data-property="P571" data-statements="[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P571","hash":"9d3cd34079809a6928e4c7203baa9f77469188a0","datavalue":{"value":{"time":"+2007-12-10T00:00:00Z","timezone":0,"before":0,"after":0,"precision":11,"calendarmodel":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1985727"},"type":"time"}},"type":"statement","id":"M10051519$58A88720-5076-4FE9-8AC3-2CABA9E2348A","rank":"normal"}]" data-formatvalue="{"{\"value\":{\"entity-type\":\"property\",\"numeric-id\":571,\"id\":\"P571\"},\"type\":\"wikibase-entityid\"}":{"text\/html":{"en":{"":"<a target=\"_blank\" title=\"d:Special:EntityPage\/P571\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Special:EntityPage\/P571\">inception<\/a>"}},"text\/plain":{"en":{"":"inception"}}},"{\"value\":{\"time\":\"+2007-12-10T00:00:00Z\",\"timezone\":0,\"before\":0,\"after\":0,\"precision\":11,\"calendarmodel\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.wikidata.org\\\/entity\\\/Q1985727\"},\"type\":\"time\"}":{"text\/html":{"en":{"P571":"10 December 2007"}},"text\/plain":{"en":{"P571":"10 December 2007"}}}}" class="wbmi-entityview-statementsGroup wbmi-entityview-statementsGroup-P571 oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout oo-ui-panelLayout-framed"><div class="wbmi-statements-widget"><div class="wbmi-statement-header"><div class="wbmi-entity-data"><div class="wbmi-entity-title"><h4 class="wbmi-entity-label"><bdi><a target="_blank" title="d:Special:EntityPage/P571" href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/P571">inception</a></bdi></h4></div></div></div><div class="wbmi-content-items-group"><div class="wbmi-item wbmi-item-read"><div data-guid="M10051519$58A88720-5076-4FE9-8AC3-2CABA9E2348A" class="wbmi-item-container"><div class="wbmi-entity-header"><div class="wbmi-entity-data"><div class="wbmi-entity-title"><h4 class="wbmi-entity-label"><bdi>10 December 2007</bdi></h4></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></mediainfoviewstatements></mediainfoview>    </div></div> <h2 id="filehistory">File history</h2> <div id="mw-imagepage-section-filehistory"> <p>Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. </p> <table class="wikitable filehistory"> <tr><th></th><th>Date/Time</th><th>Thumbnail</th><th>Dimensions</th><th>User</th><th>Comment</th></tr> <tr><td>current</td><td class="filehistory-selected" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Phototransduction.png">15:42, 18 April 2010</a></td><td><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Phototransduction.png"><img alt="Thumbnail for version as of 15:42, 18 April 2010" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Phototransduction.png/120px-Phototransduction.png" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="51" data-file-width="1327" data-file-height="561" /></a></td><td>1,327 × 561 <span style="white-space: nowrap;">(344 KB)</span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Thomas.haslwanter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-userlink" title="User:Thomas.haslwanter (page does not exist)"><bdi>Thomas.haslwanter</bdi></a></td><td dir="ltr">{{Information |Description=Representation of molecular steps in photoactivation (modified from Leskov et al., 2000). Depicted is an outer membrane disk in a rod. Step 1: Incident photon (hv) is absorbed and activates a rhodopsin by conformational change i</td></tr> </table> </div> <h2 id="filelinks">File usage</h2> <div id='mw-imagepage-section-linkstoimage'> <p>The following page uses this file: </p><ul class="mw-imagepage-linkstoimage"> <li class="mw-imagepage-linkstoimage-ns0"><a href="/wiki/Visual_phototransduction" title="Visual phototransduction">Visual phototransduction</a></li> </ul> </div> <h2 id="globalusage">Global file usage</h2> <div id="mw-imagepage-section-globalusage"><p>The following other wikis use this file: </p><ul> <li class='mw-gu-onwiki-bg_wikibooks_org'>Usage on bg.wikibooks.org <ul> <li><a class="external" href="https://bg.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8/%D0%97%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0">Сетивни системи/Зрителна сетивна система</a></li> </ul></li> <li class='mw-gu-onwiki-de_wikibooks_org'>Usage on de.wikibooks.org <ul> <li><a class="external" href="https://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/Sensorische_Systeme/_Visuelles_System">Sensorische Systeme/ Visuelles System</a></li> </ul></li> <li class='mw-gu-onwiki-el_wikibooks_org'>Usage on el.wikibooks.org <ul> <li><a class="external" href="https://el.wikibooks.org/wiki/Sensory_Systems/Visual_System">Sensory Systems/Visual System</a></li> <li><a class="external" href="https://el.wikibooks.org/wiki/Sensory_Systems/Visual_Signal_Processing">Sensory Systems/Visual Signal Processing</a></li> </ul></li> <li class='mw-gu-onwiki-en_wikibooks_org'>Usage on en.wikibooks.org <ul> <li><a class="external" href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Sensory_Systems/old/Biological_Machines/Print_version">Sensory Systems/old/Biological Machines/Print version</a></li> <li><a class="external" href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Sensory_Systems/Visual_System">Sensory Systems/Visual System</a></li> <li><a class="external" 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