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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Frank_H_Souter_Bombay_Commissioner_1888.jpg/330px-Frank_H_Souter_Bombay_Commissioner_1888.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Frank_H_Souter_Bombay_Commissioner_1888.jpg/440px-Frank_H_Souter_Bombay_Commissioner_1888.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1053" data-file-height="1367" /></a><figcaption><span class="font-size:70%"><b>Frank Henry Andrew Souter</b><br /><i>Bombay Police Commissioner<br />1864-1888</i></span></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Sir Frank Henry Andrew Souter</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Companion_of_the_Order_of_the_Star_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of the Order of the Star of India">CSI</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Companion_of_the_Order_of_the_Indian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire">CIE</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-honorifics_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-honorifics-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (30 June 1831 – 5 June 1888) was a British policeman who was the first <a href="/wiki/Police_Commissioner_of_Mumbai" class="mw-redirect" title="Police Commissioner of Mumbai">Police Commissioner of Bombay</a>, serving from 1864 to 1888.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parentage">Parentage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Souter&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Parentage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His father was reportedly a captain in the 44th Regiment who became a prisoner in Afghanistan in <a href="/wiki/1842_retreat_from_Kabul" title="1842 retreat from Kabul"><i>1842</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rise_to_prominence">Rise to prominence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Souter&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Rise to prominence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The office of <i>Commissioner of Police</i> came into being after a certain Colonel Bruce, Inspector-General of Police with the Government of India, was sent to Bombay (old name of Mumbai) in 1864 to investigate local conditions and to make recommendations regarding the local police force.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before Frank Souter was appointed Police Commissioner in 1864, he saw action as a volunteer fighter in 1850 against the rebels in the <a href="/wiki/Berar_Province" title="Berar Province"><i>Nizam's dominions</i></a>. In 1854 he was appointed Superintendent of Police in <i><a href="/wiki/Dharwar" class="mw-redirect" title="Dharwar">Dharwar</a></i>. Subsequently, he was credited for the capture of the Nargund rebel chief during the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857"><i>Mutiny of 1857</i></a> and was awarded a <i>sword of honour</i> for this achievement. In 1859 he put to death a notorious outlaw named <i>Bhagoji Naik</i> and captured the latter's followers, thus ending the activities of the Bhil brigands in northern Deccan; this and other acts of courage earned for Mr. Souter a recommendation for the <i><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two more accolades came to Mr. Souter in the next few years. In 1868 he was presented the C.S.I.<sup id="cite_ref-honorifics_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-honorifics-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> award, and in 1875 he was knighted by H. R. H. the Prince of Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Incumbency_as_Police_Commissioner">Incumbency as Police Commissioner</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Souter&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Incumbency as Police Commissioner"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The traditional systems of <i>Magistrates of Police</i> and the <i>Court of Petty Sessions</i> were fully in force during the first thirteen years of Mr. Souter's term of office; however, these were later replaced by the <i>Presidency Magistrates</i>. In the beginning, annual reports on police matters were prepared by the Senior Magistrate, and later by the Chief Presidency Magistrate. However, the Bombay Government abolished these magisterial reports in 1883 because they contained mainly sad statistics. As a result, Police Commissioner Frank Souter had the opportunity to submit the first annual report on the police in the town and island of Bombay one year after the abolition mentioned earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the latter years of his incumbency, Mr. Souter found his police force seriously undermanned and underpaid. At one point he decried the police-to-population ratio of 1 to 506 as well as the meager pay of Rs 10 per month received by the lowest-ranked constable. He also expressed disapproval of the inability of most of his men to read and write. Although the Bombay Government was sympathetic to Mr. Souter's concerns, all it could do was to increase the size of the police force by about 100 men, which was still seriously inadequate.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the notable challenges encountered by the Police Commissioner was recorded in 1884, when Mr. Souter and his men had to deal with the traffic of about 8,000 pilgrims passing through Bombay for the annual <i>Haj</i>, or pilgrimage to Mecca, in addition to their regular work. Two years earlier, the annual pilgrim count justified the creation of a <i>passport system</i> and the appointment of a <i>Protector of Pilgrims</i>. It also pushed the Indian legislature to consider writing a <i>Pilgrims Brokers' Act</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Police Commissioner had his share of sensational crimes to be dealt with, the earliest of which was the robbery-motivated murder of four Marwardis by three Italians and one Austrian that happened in 1866; the police caught the murderers. After that, there were many other crimes involving human life and property – and some of the offenders were Europeans – but the records suggest that Mr. Souter and his men proved equal to the task of preventing and detecting crime.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retirement_and_demise">Retirement and demise</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Souter&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Retirement and demise"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 30 April 1888, Sir Frank Souter relinquished his position as Police Commissioner. On 5 June, he died in his place of retirement, the <a href="/wiki/Nilgiris" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilgiris">Nilgiris</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Madras_Presidency" title="Madras Presidency">Madras Presidency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Souter&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-honorifics-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-honorifics_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-honorifics_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBaldi" class="citation web cs1">Baldi, Roberta (editor of the notes). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kiplingsociety.co.uk/rg_foreignoffice1.htm">"A Legend of the Foreign Office"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Legend+of+the+Foreign+Office&rft.aulast=Baldi&rft.aufirst=Roberta+%28editor+of+the+notes%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kiplingsociety.co.uk%2Frg_foreignoffice1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrank+Souter" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|first1=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-historical_sketch-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historical_sketch_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._M._Edwardes,_C.S.L,_c.v.o." class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/S._M._Edwardes" class="mw-redirect" title="S. M. Edwardes">S. M. Edwardes</a>, C.S.L, c.v.o. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/bombaycitypolice030564mbp/bombaycitypolice030564mbp_djvu.txt">"The Bombay City Police - A Historical Sketch 1672-1916"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Bombay+City+Police+-+A+Historical+Sketch+1672-1916&rft.au=S.+M.+Edwardes%2C+C.S.L%2C+c.v.o.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fbombaycitypolice030564mbp%2Fbombaycitypolice030564mbp_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrank+Souter" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frank_Souter&oldid=1245182578">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frank_Souter&oldid=1245182578</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Mumbai" title="Category:History of Mumbai">History of Mumbai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mumbai_civic_officials" title="Category:Mumbai civic officials">Mumbai civic officials</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1831_births" title="Category:1831 births">1831 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1888_deaths" title="Category:1888 deaths">1888 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Knights_Bachelor" title="Category:Knights Bachelor">Knights Bachelor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companions_of_the_Order_of_the_Star_of_India" title="Category:Companions of the Order of the Star of India">Companions of the Order of the Star of India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companions_of_the_Order_of_the_Indian_Empire" title="Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire">Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:British_police_officers_in_India" title="Category:British police officers in India">British police officers in India</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_generic_name" title="Category:CS1 errors: generic name">CS1 errors: generic name</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2018" title="Category:Use dmy dates from November 2018">Use dmy dates from November 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Indian_English_from_November_2018" title="Category:Use Indian English from November 2018">Use Indian English from November 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Indian_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English">All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 September 2024, at 14:26<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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