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attrition</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: ball mill attrition"> <meta name="keywords" content="ball mill attrition"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="ball mill attrition"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 548</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: ball mill attrition</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">548</span> Prediction of Product Size Distribution of a Vertical Stirred Mill Based on Breakage Kinetics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20R.%20Danielle">C. R. Danielle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Erik"> S. Erik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Patrick"> T. Patrick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hugh"> M. Hugh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decade there has been an increase in demand for fine grinding due to the depletion of coarse-grained orebodies and an increase of processing fine disseminated minerals and complex orebodies. These ores have provided new challenges in concentrator design because fine and ultra-fine grinding is required to achieve acceptable recovery rates. Therefore, the correct design of a grinding circuit is important for minimizing unit costs and increasing product quality. The use of ball mills for grinding in fine size ranges is inefficient and, therefore, vertical stirred grinding mills are becoming increasingly popular in the mineral processing industry due to its already known high energy efficiency. This work presents a hypothesis of a methodology to predict the product size distribution of a vertical stirred mill using a Bond ball mill. The Population Balance Model (PBM) was used to empirically analyze the performance of a vertical mill and a Bond ball mill. The breakage parameters obtained for both grinding mills are compared to determine the possibility of predicting the product size distribution of a vertical mill based on the results obtained from the Bond ball mill. The biggest advantage of this methodology is that most of the minerals processing laboratories already have a Bond ball mill to perform the tests suggested in this study. Preliminary results show the possibility of predicting the performance of a laboratory vertical stirred mill using a Bond ball mill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bond%20ball%20mill" title="bond ball mill">bond ball mill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20balance%20model" title=" population balance model"> population balance model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20size%20distribution" title=" product size distribution"> product size distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20stirred%20mill" title=" vertical stirred mill"> vertical stirred mill</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62771/prediction-of-product-size-distribution-of-a-vertical-stirred-mill-based-on-breakage-kinetics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">547</span> Mechanical and Physical Properties of Aluminum Composite Reinforced with Carbon Nano Tube Dispersion via Ultrasonic and Ball Mill Attrition after Sever Plastic Deformation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Zare">Hassan Zare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Jahedi"> Mohammad Jahedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Toroghinejad"> Mohammad Reza Toroghinejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Meratian"> Mahmoud Meratian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marko%20Knezevic"> Marko Knezevic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced Al matrix nanocomposites were fabricated by ECAP. Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) process is one of the most important methods for powder densification due to the presence of shear strain. This method samples with variety passes (one, two, four and eight passes) in C route were prepared at room temperature. A few study about metal matrix nanocomposite reinforced carbon nanotube done, the reaction intersection of interface and carbon nanotube cause to reduce the efficiency of nanocomposite. In this paper, we checked mechanical and physical properties of aluminum-CNT composite that manufactured by ECAP when the composite is deformed. The non-agglomerated CNTs were distributed homogeneously with 2% consolidation in the Aluminum matrix. The ECAP process was performed on the both monolithic and composite with distributed CNT samples for 8 passes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20metallurgy" title="powder metallurgy">powder metallurgy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20mill%20attrition" title=" ball mill attrition"> ball mill attrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic" title=" ultrasonic"> ultrasonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consolidation" title=" consolidation"> consolidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60010/mechanical-and-physical-properties-of-aluminum-composite-reinforced-with-carbon-nano-tube-dispersion-via-ultrasonic-and-ball-mill-attrition-after-sever-plastic-deformation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60010.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">546</span> High-Speed Cutting of Inconel 625 Using Carbide Ball End Mill</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazumasa%20Kawasaki">Kazumasa Kawasaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katsuya%20Fukazawa"> Katsuya Fukazawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nickel-based superalloys are an important class of engineering material within the aerospace and power generation, due to their excellent combination of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, including high-temperature applications Inconel 625 is one of such superalloys and difficult-to-machine material. In cutting of Inconel 625 superalloy with a ball end mill, the problem of adhesive wear often occurs. However, the proper cutting conditions are not known so much because of lack of study examples. In this study, the experiments using ball end mills made of carbide tools were tried to find the best cutting conditions out following qualifications. Using Inconel 625 superalloy as a work material, three kinds of experiment, with the revolution speed of 5000 rpm, 8000 rpm, and 10000 rpm, were performed under dry cutting conditions in feed speed per tooth of 0.045 mm/ tooth, depth of cut of 0.1 mm. As a result, in the case of 8000 rpm, it was successful to cut longest with the least wear. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inconel%20625" title="Inconel 625">Inconel 625</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20end%20mill" title=" ball end mill"> ball end mill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbide%20tool" title=" carbide tool"> carbide tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20speed%20cutting" title=" high speed cutting"> high speed cutting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool%20wear" title=" tool wear"> tool wear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98349/high-speed-cutting-of-inconel-625-using-carbide-ball-end-mill" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">545</span> Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Metronidazole by Planetary Ball-Milling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahriar%20Ghammamy">Shahriar Ghammamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Gholipoor"> Maryam Gholipoor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metronidazole nano -powders with the average mean particle size around 90 nm were synthesized by high-energy milling using a planetary ball mill is provided. The Scattering factors, milling of time,the ball size and ball to powder ratio on the material properties powder by the Ray diffraction (XRD) study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), IR. It has been observed that the density of nano-sized grinding balls as ball to powder ratio depends. Using the dispersion factor, the density Can be reduced below the initial particle size was achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metronidazole" title="metronidazole">metronidazole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball-milling" title=" ball-milling"> ball-milling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XRD%20diffraction" title=" XRD diffraction"> XRD diffraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16630/preparation-and-characterization-of-nano-metronidazole-by-planetary-ball-milling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">544</span> Manufacturing of Nano Zeolite by Planetary Ball Mill and Investigation of the Effects on Concrete </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kourosh%20Kosari">Kourosh Kosari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is engineering the properties of concrete containing natural nano zeolite as supplementary cementitious material in the blended Portland-cement based binder in amounts of 5,7 and 10% by mass. Crashing of clinoptilolite zeolite is performed by means of planetary ball mill. Two types of concrete along with water to cementitious material ratio (W/(C + P)) in 0.45 and 0.4 at the ages of 7, 28 and 90 days and were compared with each other. The effect of these additives on mechanical properties (compressive and tensile strength) and durability has been investigated by Electrical Resistivity (ER) and Rapid Chloride Penetration Test (RCPT) at the ages 28 and 90 days. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) revealed that nanoparticles of natural clinoptilolite could improve quality of concrete. As a result of the tests, decrease in penetration of chloride ion and increase electrical resistivity significantly that are appropriate option for controlling of corrosion in reinforced concrete structures but increase of mechanical characteristics is not considerable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20mill" title="ball mill">ball mill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20zeolite" title=" nano zeolite"> nano zeolite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50796/manufacturing-of-nano-zeolite-by-planetary-ball-mill-and-investigation-of-the-effects-on-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">543</span> Scale Up-Mechanochemical Synthesis of High Surface Area Alpha-Alumina</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Triller">Sarah Triller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferdi%20Sch%C3%BCth"> Ferdi Schüth</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The challenges encountered in upscaling the mechanochemical synthesis of high surface area α-alumina are investigated in this study. After lab-scale experiments in shaker mills and planetary ball mills, the optimization of reaction parameters of the conversion in the smallest vessel of a scalable mill, named Simoloyer, was developed. Furthermore, the future perspectives by scaling up the conversion in several steps are described. Since abrasion from the steel equipment can be problematic, the process was transferred to a ceramically lined mill, which solved the contamination problem. The recovered alpha-alumina shows a high specific surface area in all investigated scales. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanochemistry" title="mechanochemistry">mechanochemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scale-up" title=" scale-up"> scale-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20milling" title=" ball milling"> ball milling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20lining" title=" ceramic lining"> ceramic lining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175554/scale-up-mechanochemical-synthesis-of-high-surface-area-alpha-alumina" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175554.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">542</span> Direct Approach in Modeling Particle Breakage Using Discrete Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Ghasemi%20Ardi">Ebrahim Ghasemi Ardi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ai%20Bing%20Yu"> Ai Bing Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Run%20Yu%20Yang"> Run Yu Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Current study is aimed to develop an available in-house discrete element method (DEM) code and link it with direct breakage event. So, it became possible to determine the particle breakage and then its fragments size distribution, simultaneous with DEM simulation. It directly applies the particle breakage inside the DEM computation algorithm and if any breakage happens the original particle is replaced with daughters. In this way, the calculation will be followed based on a new updated particles list which is very similar to the real grinding environment. To validate developed model, a grinding ball impacting an unconfined particle bed was simulated. Since considering an entire ball mill would be too computationally demanding, this method provided a simplified environment to test the model. Accordingly, a representative volume of the ball mill was simulated inside a box, which could emulate media (ball)–powder bed impacts in a ball mill and during particle bed impact tests. Mono, binary and ternary particle beds were simulated to determine the effects of granular composition on breakage kinetics. The results obtained from the DEM simulations showed a reduction in the specific breakage rate for coarse particles in binary mixtures. The origin of this phenomenon, commonly known as cushioning or decelerated breakage in dry milling processes, was explained by the DEM simulations. Fine particles in a particle bed increase mechanical energy loss, and reduce and distribute interparticle forces thereby inhibiting the breakage of the coarse component. On the other hand, the specific breakage rate of fine particles increased due to contacts associated with coarse particles. Such phenomenon, known as acceleration, was shown to be less significant, but should be considered in future attempts to accurately quantify non-linear breakage kinetics in the modeling of dry milling processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20bed" title="particle bed">particle bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breakage%20models" title=" breakage models"> breakage models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breakage%20kinetic" title=" breakage kinetic"> breakage kinetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79163/direct-approach-in-modeling-particle-breakage-using-discrete-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">541</span> Reliability of Self-Reported Language Proficiency Measures in l1 Attrition Research: A Closer Look at the Can-Do-Scales.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasia%20Sorokina">Anastasia Sorokina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Self-reported language proficiency measures have been widely used by researchers and have been proven to be an accurate tool to assess actual language proficiency. L1 attrition researchers also rely on self-reported measures. More specifically, can-do-scales has gained popularity in the discipline of L1 attrition research. The can-do-scales usually contain statements about language (e.g., “I can write e-mails”); participants are asked to rate each statement on a scale from 1 (I cannot do it at all) to 5 (I can do it without any difficulties). Despite its popularity, no studies have examined can-do-scales’ reliability at measuring the actual level of L1 attrition. Do can-do-scales positively correlate with lexical diversity, syntactic complexity, and fluency? The present study analyzed speech samples of 35 Russian-English attriters to examine whether their self-reported proficiency correlates with their actual L1 proficiency. The results of Pearson correlation demonstrated that can-do-scales correlated with lexical diversity, syntactic complexity, and fluency. These findings provide a valuable contribution to the L1 attrition research by demonstrating that can-do-scales can be used as a reliable tool to measure L1 attrition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L1%20attrition" title="L1 attrition">L1 attrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=can-do-scales" title=" can-do-scales"> can-do-scales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lexical%20diversity" title=" lexical diversity"> lexical diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syntactic%20complexity" title=" syntactic complexity"> syntactic complexity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136356/reliability-of-self-reported-language-proficiency-measures-in-l1-attrition-research-a-closer-look-at-the-can-do-scales" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">540</span> Application of Phenol Degrading Microorganisms for the Treatment of Olive Mill Waste (OMW)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20El-Khateeb">M. A. El-Khateeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growth of the olive oil production in Saudi Arabia peculiarly in Al Jouf region in recent years has been accompanied by an increase in the discharge of associated processing waste. Olive mill waste is produced throughout the extraction of oil from the olive fruit using the traditional mill and press process. Deterioration of the environment due to olive mill disposal wastes is a serious problem. When olive mill waste disposed into the soil, it affects soil quality, soil micro flora, and also toxic to plants. The aim of this work is to isolate microorganism (bacterial or fungal strains) from OMW capable of degrading phenols. Olive mill wastewater, olive mill waste and soil (beside oil production mill) contaminated with olive waste were used for isolation of phenol tolerant microorganisms. Four strains (two fungal and two bacterial) were isolated from olive mill waste. The isolated strains were Candida tropicalis and Phanerochaete chrysosporium (fungal strains) and Bacillus sp. and Rhodococcus sp. (bacterial strains). These strains were able to degrade phenols and could be used for bioremediation of olive mill waste. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioremediation" title="bioremediation">bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungi" title=" fungi"> fungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakaka" title=" Sakaka"> Sakaka</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15825/application-of-phenol-degrading-microorganisms-for-the-treatment-of-olive-mill-waste-omw" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">539</span> Li2o Loss of Lithium Niobate Nanocrystals during High-Energy Ball-Milling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Kocsor">Laura Kocsor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laszlo%20Peter"> Laszlo Peter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laszlo%20Kovacs"> Laszlo Kovacs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zsolt%20Kis"> Zsolt Kis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of our research is to prepare rare-earth-doped lithium niobate (LiNbO3) nanocrystals, having only a few dopant ions in the focal point of an exciting laser beam. These samples will be used to achieve individual addressing of the dopant ions by light beams in a confocal microscope setup. One method for the preparation of nanocrystalline materials is to reduce the particle size by mechanical grinding. High-energy ball-milling was used in several works to produce nano lithium niobate. Previously, it was reported that dry high-energy ball-milling of lithium niobate in a shaker mill results in the partial reduction of the material, which leads to a balanced formation of bipolarons and polarons yielding gray color together with oxygen release and Li2O segregation on the open surfaces. In the present work we focus on preparing LiNbO3 nanocrystals by high-energy ball-milling using a Fritsch Pulverisette 7 planetary mill. Every ball-milling process was carried out in zirconia vial with zirconia balls of different sizes (from 3 mm to 0.1 mm), wet grinding with water, and the grinding time being less than an hour. Gradually decreasing the ball size to 0.1 mm, an average particle size of about 10 nm could be obtained determined by dynamic light scattering and verified by scanning electron microscopy. High-energy ball-milling resulted in sample darkening evidenced by optical absorption spectroscopy measurements indicating that the material underwent partial reduction. The unwanted lithium oxide loss decreases the Li/Nb ratio in the crystal, strongly influencing the spectroscopic properties of lithium niobate. Zirconia contamination was found in ground samples proved by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements; however, it cannot be explained based on the hardness properties of the materials involved in the ball-milling process. It can be understood taking into account the presence of lithium hydroxide formed the segregated lithium oxide and water during the ball-milling process, through chemically induced abrasion. The quantity of the segregated Li2O was measured by coulometric titration. During the wet milling process in the planetary mill, it was found that the lithium oxide loss increases linearly in the early phase of the milling process, then a saturation of the Li2O loss can be seen. This change goes along with the disappearance of the relatively large particles until a relatively narrow size distribution is achieved in accord with the dynamic light scattering measurements. With the 3 mm ball size and 1100 rpm rotation rate, the mean particle size achieved is 100 nm, and the total Li2O loss is about 1.2 wt.% of the original LiNbO3. Further investigations have been done to minimize the Li2O segregation during the ball-milling process. Since the Li2O loss was observed to increase with the growing total surface of the particles, the influence of ball-milling parameters on its quantity has also been studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-energy%20ball-milling" title="high-energy ball-milling">high-energy ball-milling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20niobate" title=" lithium niobate"> lithium niobate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanochemical%20reaction" title=" mechanochemical reaction"> mechanochemical reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocrystals" title=" nanocrystals"> nanocrystals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136642/li2o-loss-of-lithium-niobate-nanocrystals-during-high-energy-ball-milling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">538</span> Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of the Hydraulic L-Shaped Check Ball Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shinji%20Kajiwara">Shinji Kajiwara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The spring-driven ball-type check valve is one of the most important components of hydraulic systems: it controls the position of the ball and prevents backward flow. To simplify the structure, the spring must be eliminated, and to accomplish this, the flow pattern and the behavior of the check ball in L-shaped pipe must be determined. In this paper, we present a full-scale model of a check ball made of acrylic resin, and we determine the relationship between the initial position of the ball, the position and diameter of the inflow port. The check flow rate increases in a standard center inflow model, and it is possible to greatly decrease the check-flow rate by shifting the inflow from the center. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulics" title="hydraulics">hydraulics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pipe%20flow" title=" pipe flow"> pipe flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20visualization" title=" flow visualization"> flow visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=check%20ball" title=" check ball"> check ball</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-shaped%20pipe" title=" L-shaped pipe "> L-shaped pipe </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24526/numerical-simulation-and-experimental-validation-of-the-hydraulic-l-shaped-check-ball-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">537</span> Influence of Silicon Carbide Particle Size and Thermo-Mechanical Processing on Dimensional Stability of Al 2124SiC Nanocomposite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20M.%20Emara">Mohamed M. Emara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Ashraf"> Heba Ashraf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is to investigation the effect of silicon carbide (SiC) particle size and thermo-mechanical processing on dimensional stability of aluminum alloy 2124. Three combinations of SiC weight fractions are investigated, 2.5, 5, and 10 wt. % with different SiC particle sizes (25 μm, 5 μm, and 100nm) were produced using mechanical ball mill. The standard testing samples were fabricated using powder metallurgy technique. Both samples, prior and after extrusion, were heated from room temperature up to 400ºC in a dilatometer at different heating rates, that is, 10, 20, and 40ºC/min. The analysis showed that for all materials, there was an increase in length change as temperature increased and the temperature sensitivity of aluminum alloy decreased in the presence of both micro and nano-sized silicon carbide. For all conditions, nanocomposites showed better dimensional stability compared to conventional Al 2124/SiC composites. The after extrusion samples showed better thermal stability and less temperature sensitivity for the aluminum alloy for both micro and nano-sized silicon carbide. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%202124%20metal%20matrix%20composite" title="aluminum 2124 metal matrix composite">aluminum 2124 metal matrix composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SiC%20nano-sized%20reinforcements" title=" SiC nano-sized reinforcements"> SiC nano-sized reinforcements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20metallurgy" title=" powder metallurgy"> powder metallurgy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extrusion%20mechanical%20ball%20mill" title=" extrusion mechanical ball mill"> extrusion mechanical ball mill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensional%20stability" title=" dimensional stability"> dimensional stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20367/influence-of-silicon-carbide-particle-size-and-thermo-mechanical-processing-on-dimensional-stability-of-al-2124sic-nanocomposite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">536</span> Modeling the Moment of Resistance Generated by an Ore-Grinding Mill</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marinka%20Baghdasaryan">Marinka Baghdasaryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tigran%20Mnoyan"> Tigran Mnoyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pertinence of modeling the moment of resistance generated by the ore-grinding mill is substantiated. Based on the ranking of technological indices obtained in the result of the survey among the specialists of several beneficiating plants, the factors determining the level of the moment of resistance generated by the mill are revealed. A priori diagram of the ranks is obtained in which the factors are arranged in the descending order of the impact degree on the level of the moment. The obtained model of the moment of resistance shows the technological character of the operation modes of the ore-grinding mill and can be used for improving the operation modes of the system motor-mill and preventing the abnormal mode of the drive synchronous motor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title="model">model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abnormal%20mode" title=" abnormal mode"> abnormal mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mill" title=" mill"> mill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation" title=" correlation"> correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moment%20of%20resistance" title=" moment of resistance"> moment of resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotational%20speed" title=" rotational speed"> rotational speed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47772/modeling-the-moment-of-resistance-generated-by-an-ore-grinding-mill" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">535</span> Comparison of User Experience in VR When Hand Gestures Are Used vs. Using Controller</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanu%20Muhammed%20C.">Sanu Muhammed C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nihal%20Vadakkan"> Nihal Vadakkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahil%20Athrij"> Sahil Athrij</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sasi%20Gopalan"> Sasi Gopalan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, the content entertainment industry is dominated by mobile devices. As the trends slowly shift towards AR/VR applications, the user experience on these devices should be considered, and we are trying to improve user experience in VR. This paper proposes a survey-based solution to improve user experience in VR. By creating a VR environment where users can move a ball from one position to another using a remote controller and another VR environment where users can move a ball from one place to another using hand gestures/ By allowing a set of audience to use these two environments, we can get their feedback. There are two steps in this comparison, 1) Using Hand Gestures To Move Ball In VR Environment: Here, we create a VR environment where two baskets are there, and one ball will be there in a basket. Here users can transfer the ball to another basket using hand gestures. They will be able to move the ball using hand gestures. 2) Using Remote Control To Move Ball In VR Environment: Here, we create a VR environment where two baskets are there, and one ball will be there in a basket. Here users can transfer the ball to another basket using a remote control. They will be able to move the ball using a remote controller. The above two environments are given to users to experience, and their responses will be recorded to compare the user experience in the above two environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title="virtual reality">virtual reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20experience" title=" user experience"> user experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hand%20gestures" title=" hand gestures"> hand gestures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20control" title=" remote control"> remote control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159470/comparison-of-user-experience-in-vr-when-hand-gestures-are-used-vs-using-controller" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">534</span> Modelisation of a Full-Scale Closed Cement Grinding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Touil">D. Touil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Ouadah"> L. Ouadah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An industrial model of cement grinding circuit is proposed on the basis of sampling surveys undertaken in the Meftah cement plant in Algiers, Algeria. The ball mill is described by a series of equal fully mixed stages that incorporates the effect of air sweeping. The kinetic parameters of this material in the energy normalized form obtained using the data of batch dry ball milling are taken into account in developing the present scale-up procedure. The dynamic separator is represented by the air classifier selectivity equation corrected by empirical factors. The model is incorporated in computer program that predict full size distributions and mass flow rates for all streams in a circuit under a particular set of operating conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grinding%20circuit" title="grinding circuit">grinding circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinker" title=" clinker"> clinker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement" title=" cement"> cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20balance" title=" population balance"> population balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy "> energy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10771/modelisation-of-a-full-scale-closed-cement-grinding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">533</span> Comparing the Effectiveness of the Crushing and Grinding Route of Comminution to That of the Mine to Mill Route in Terms of the Percentage of Middlings Present in Processed Lead-Zinc Ore Samples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinedu%20F.%20Anochie">Chinedu F. Anochie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The presence of gangue particles in recovered metal concentrates has been a serious challenge to ore dressing engineers. Middlings lower the quality of concentrates, and in most cases, drastically affect the smelter terms, owing to exorbitant amounts paid by Mineral Processing industries as treatment charge. Models which encourage optimization of liberation operations have been utilized in most ore beneficiation industries to reduce the presence of locked particles in valuable concentrates. Moreover, methods such as incorporation of regrind mills, scavenger, rougher and cleaner cells, to the milling and flotation plants has been widely employed to tackle these concerns, and to optimize the grade–recovery relationship of metal concentrates. This work compared the crushing and grinding method of liberation, to the mine to mill route, by evaluating the proportion of middlings present in selectively processed complex Pb-Zn ore samples. To establish the effect of size reduction operations on the percentage of locked particles present in recovered concentrates, two similar samples of complex Pb- Zn ores were processed. Following blasting operation, the first ore sample was ground directly in a ball mill (Mine to Mill Route of Comminution), while the other sample was manually crushed, and subsequently ground in the ball mill (Crushing and Grinding Route of Comminution). The two samples were separately sieved in a mesh to obtain the desired representative particle sizes. An equal amount of each sample that would be processed in the flotation circuit was then obtained with the aid of a weighing balance. These weighed fine particles were simultaneously processed in the flotation circuit using the selective flotation technique. Sodium cyanide, Methyl isobutyl carbinol, Sodium ethyl xanthate, Copper sulphate, Sodium hydroxide, Lime and Isopropyl xanthate, were the reagents used to effect differential flotation of the two ore samples. Analysis and calculations showed that the degree of liberation obtained for the ore sample which went through the conventional crushing and grinding route of comminution, was higher than that of the directly milled run off mine (ROM) ore. Similarly, the proportion of middlings obtained from the separated galena (PbS) and sphalerite (ZnS) concentrates, were lower for the crushed and ground ore sample. A concise data which proved that the mine to mill method of size reduction is not the most ideal technique for the recovery of quality metal concentrates has been established. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comminution" title="comminution">comminution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degree%20of%20liberation" title=" degree of liberation"> degree of liberation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middlings" title=" middlings"> middlings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mine%20to%20mill" title=" mine to mill"> mine to mill</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126873/comparing-the-effectiveness-of-the-crushing-and-grinding-route-of-comminution-to-that-of-the-mine-to-mill-route-in-terms-of-the-percentage-of-middlings-present-in-processed-lead-zinc-ore-samples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">532</span> Application of Modal Analysis for Commissioning of a Ball Screw System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20D.%20Tran">T. D. Tran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Schlegel"> H. Schlegel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Neugebauer"> R. Neugebauer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ball screws are an important component in machine tools. In mechatronic systems and machine tools, a ball screw has to work usually at a high speed. Otherwise the axial compliance of the ball screw, in combination with the inertia of the slide, the motor, the coupling and the screw, will cause an oscillation resonance, which limits the systems bandwidth and consequently influences performance of the motion controller. In this paper, the modal analysis method by measuring and analysing the vibrating parameters of the ball screw system to determine the dynamic characteristic of existing structures is used. On the one hand, the results of this study were obtained by the theoretical analysis and the modal testing of a ball screw system test station with the help of an impact hammer, respectively using excitation by motor. The experimental study showed oscillating forms of the ball screw for each frequency and obtained eigenfrequencies of the ball screw system. On the other hand, in this research a simulation with the help of the numerical modal analysis in order to analyse the oscillation and to find the eigenfrequencies of the ball screw system is used. Furthermore, the model order reduction by modal reduction and also according to Guyan is carried out. On the basis of these results a secure and also rapid commissioning of the control loops with regard to operating in their optimal function is targeted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title="modal analysis">modal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20screw" title=" ball screw"> ball screw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controller%20system" title=" controller system"> controller system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20tools" title=" machine tools"> machine tools</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22744/application-of-modal-analysis-for-commissioning-of-a-ball-screw-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">531</span> Highly Accurate Tennis Ball Throwing Machine with Intelligent Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferenc%20Kov%C3%A1cs">Ferenc Kovács</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%A1bor%20Hossz%C3%BA"> Gábor Hosszú</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents an advanced control system for tennis ball throwing machines to improve their accuracy according to the ball impact points. A further advantage of the system is the much easier calibration process involving the intelligent solution of the automatic adjustment of the stroking parameters according to the ball elasticity, the self-calibration, the use of the safety margin at very flat strokes and the possibility to placing the machine to any position of the half court. The system applies mathematical methods to determine the exact ball trajectories and special approximating processes to access all points on the aimed half court. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20system" title="control system">control system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robot%20programming" title=" robot programming"> robot programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robot%20control" title=" robot control"> robot control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20equipment" title=" sports equipment"> sports equipment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=throwing%20machine" title=" throwing machine"> throwing machine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36393/highly-accurate-tennis-ball-throwing-machine-with-intelligent-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">530</span> Evaluating Language Loss Effect on Autobiographical Memory by Examining Memory Phenomenology in Bilingual Speakers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasia%20Sorokina">Anastasia Sorokina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Graduate language loss or attrition has been well documented in individuals who migrate and become emersed in a different language environment. This phenomenon of first language (L1) attrition is an example of non-pathological (not due to trauma) and can manifest itself in frequent pauses, search for words, or grammatical errors. While the widely experienced loss of one’s first language might seem harmless, there is convincing evidence from the disciplines of Developmental Psychology, Bilingual Studies, and even Psychotherapy that language plays a crucial role in the memory of self. In fact, we remember, store, and share personal memories with the help of language. Dual-Coding Theory suggests that language memory code deterioration could lead to forgetting. Yet, no one has investigated a possible connection between language loss and memory. The present study aims to address this research gap by examining a corpus of 1,495 memories of Russian-English bilinguals who are on a continuum of L1 (first language) attrition. Since phenomenological properties capture how well a memory is remembered, the following descriptors were selected - vividness, ease of recall, emotional valence, personal significance, and confidence in the event. A series of linear regression statistical analyses were run to examine the possible negative effects of L1 attrition on autobiographical memory. The results revealed that L1 attrition might compromise perceived vividness and confidence in the event, which is indicative of memory deterioration. These findings suggest the importance of heritage language maintenance in immigrant communities who might be forced to assimilate as language loss might negatively affect the memory of self. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L1%20attrition" title="L1 attrition">L1 attrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autobiographical%20memory" title=" autobiographical memory"> autobiographical memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20loss" title=" language loss"> language loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory%20phenomenology" title=" memory phenomenology"> memory phenomenology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20coding" title=" dual coding"> dual coding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151680/evaluating-language-loss-effect-on-autobiographical-memory-by-examining-memory-phenomenology-in-bilingual-speakers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">529</span> Developing an Intelligent Table Tennis Ball Machine with Human Play Simulation for Technical Training</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Chi%20An">Chen-Chi An</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Yi%20He"> Jun-Yi He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Han%20Hsieh"> Cheng-Han Hsieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Ching%20Ting"> Chen-Ching Ting</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research has successfully developed an intelligent table tennis ball machine with human play simulate all situations of human play to take the service. It is well known; an excellent ball machine can help the table tennis coach to provide more efficient teaching, also give players the good technical training and entertainment. An excellent ball machine should be able to service all balls based on human play simulation due to the conventional competitions are today all taken place for people. In this work, two counter-rotating wheels are used to service the balls, where changing the absolute rotating speeds of the two wheels and the differences of rotating speeds between the two wheels can adjust the struck forces and the rotating speeds of the ball. The relationships between the absolute rotating speed of the two wheels and the struck forces of the ball as well as the differences rotating speeds between the two wheels and the rotating speeds of the ball are experimentally determined for technical development. The outlet speed, the ejected distance, and the rotating speed of the ball were measured by changing the absolute rotating speeds of the two wheels in terms of a series of differences in rotating speed between the two wheels for calibration of the ball machine; where the outlet speed and the ejected distance of the ball were further converted to the struck forces of the ball. In process, the balls serviced by the intelligent ball machine were based on the received calibration curves with help of the computer. Experiments technically used photosensitive devices to detect the outlet and rotating speed of the ball. Finally, this research developed some teaching programs for technical training using three ball machines and received more efficient training. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=table%20tennis" title="table tennis">table tennis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20machine" title=" ball machine"> ball machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20play%20simulation" title=" human play simulation"> human play simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counter-rotating%20wheels" title=" counter-rotating wheels"> counter-rotating wheels</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49530/developing-an-intelligent-table-tennis-ball-machine-with-human-play-simulation-for-technical-training" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49530.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">528</span> Effect of Sugar Mill Effluent on Growth, Yield and Soil Properties of Ratoon Cane in Cauvery Command Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20K.%20Madhu">G. K. Madhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bhaskar"> S. Bhaskar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Dinesh"> M. S. Dinesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Manii"> R. Manii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20A.%20Srinivasamurthy"> C. A. Srinivasamurthy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A field experiment was conducted in the premises of M/s Sri Chamundeshwari Sugars Ltd., Bharathinagar, Mandya District Pvt. Ltd., during 2014 to study the effect of sugar mill effluent (SME) on growth, yield and soil properties of ratoon cane with eight treatments replicated thrice using RCBD design. Significantly higher growth parameters like cane height (249.77 cm) and number of tillers per clump (12.22) were recorded in treatment which received cycle of 3 irrigations with freshwater + 1 irrigation with sugar mill effluent + RDF as compared to other treatments. Significantly lower growth attributes were recorded in treatment which received irrigation with sugar mill effluent alone. Significantly higher cane yield (104. 93 t -1) was recorded in treatment which received cycle of 3 irrigations with freshwater + 1 irrigation with sugar mill effluent + RDF as compared to other treatments. Significantly lower cane yield (87.40 t ha-1) was observed in treatment which received irrigation with sugar mill effluent alone. Soil properties like pH (7.84) was higher in treatment receiving Alternate irrigation with freshwater and sugar mill effluent + RDF. But EC was significantly higher in treatment which received Cycle of1 irrigation with freshwater + 2 irrigations with sugar mill effluent + RDF as compared to other treatments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugar%20mill%20effluent" title="sugar mill effluent">sugar mill effluent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugarcane" title=" sugarcane"> sugarcane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation" title=" irrigation"> irrigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cane%20yield" title=" cane yield"> cane yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37275/effect-of-sugar-mill-effluent-on-growth-yield-and-soil-properties-of-ratoon-cane-in-cauvery-command-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">527</span> Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the Interaction Behavior of a Bouncing Ball upon a Flexible Surface Impacted in Two Dimensions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wiwat%20Chumai">Wiwat Chumai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Perawit%20Boonsomchua"> Perawit Boonsomchua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanjana%20Ongkasin"> Kanjana Ongkasin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ball bouncing problem is a well-known problem in physics involving a ball dropped from a height to the ground. In this paper, the work investigates the theoretical and experimental setup that describes the dynamics of a rigid body on a chaotic elastic surface under air-damp conditions. Examination of four different types of balls is made, including marble, metal ball, tennis ball, and ping-pong ball. In this experiment, the effect of impact velocities is not considered; the ball is dropped from a fixed height. The method in this work employs the Rayleigh Dissipation Function to specify the effects of dissipative forces in Lagrangian mechanics. Our discoveries reveal that the dynamics of the ball exhibit horizontal motion while damping oscillation occurs, forming the destabilization in vertical pinch-off motion. Moreover, rotational motion is studied. According to the investigation of four different balls, the outcomes illustrate that greater mass results in more frequent dynamics, and the experimental results at some points align with the theoretical model. This knowledge contributes to our understanding of the complex fluid system and could serve as a foundation for further developments in water droplet simulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=droplet" title="droplet">droplet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damping%20oscillation" title=" damping oscillation"> damping oscillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20damping%20oscillation" title=" nonlinear damping oscillation"> nonlinear damping oscillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bouncing%20ball%20problem" title=" bouncing ball problem"> bouncing ball problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20surface" title=" elastic surface"> elastic surface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186488/theoretical-and-experimental-investigation-of-the-interaction-behavior-of-a-bouncing-ball-upon-a-flexible-surface-impacted-in-two-dimensions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">526</span> Electromyographic Analysis of Trunk Muscle Activity of Healthy Individuals While Catching a Ball on Three Different Seating Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20H.%20%20ALQahtani">Hanan H. ALQahtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Jones"> Karen Jones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Catching a ball during sitting is a functional exercise commonly used in rehabilitation to enhance trunk muscle activity. To progress this exercise, physiotherapists incorporate a Swiss ball or change seat height. However, no study has assessed the effect of different seating surfaces on trunk muscle activity while catching a ball. Objective: To investigate the effect of catching a ball during sitting on a Swiss ball, a low seat and a high seat on trunk muscle activity. Method: A repeated-measures, counterbalanced design was used. A total of 26 healthy participants (15 female and 11 male) performed three repetitions of catching a ball on each seating surface. Using surface electromyography (sEMG), the activity of the bilateral transversus abdominis/internal oblique (TrA/IO), rectus abdominis (RA), erector spinae (ES) and lumbar multifidus (MF) was recorded. Trunk muscle activity was normalized using maximum voluntary isometric contraction and analyzed. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ .05. Results: No significant differences were observed in the activity of RA, TrA/IO, ES or MF between a low seat and a Swiss ball. However, the activity of the right and left ES on a low seat was significantly greater than on a high seat (p = .017 and p = .017, respectively). Conversely, the activity of the right and left RA on a high seat was significantly greater than on a low seat (p = .007 and p = .004, respectively). Conclusion: This study suggests that replacing a low seat with a Swiss ball while catching a ball is insufficient to increase trunk muscle activity, whereas changing the seat height could induce different trunk muscle activities. However, research conducted on patients is needed before translating these results into clinical settings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catching" title="catching">catching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromyography" title=" electromyography"> electromyography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seating" title=" seating"> seating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trunk" title=" trunk"> trunk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140046/electromyographic-analysis-of-trunk-muscle-activity-of-healthy-individuals-while-catching-a-ball-on-three-different-seating-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140046.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">525</span> An Algorithm for Estimating the Stable Operation Conditions of the Synchronous Motor of the Ore Mill Electric Drive</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Baghdasaryan">M. Baghdasaryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sukiasyan"> A. Sukiasyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An algorithm for estimating the stable operation conditions of the synchronous motor of the ore mill electric drive is proposed. The stable operation conditions of the synchronous motor are revealed, taking into account the estimation of the <em>q</em> angle change and the technological factors. The stability condition obtained allows to ensure the stable operation of the motor in the synchronous mode, taking into account the nonlinear character of the mill loading. The developed algorithm gives an opportunity to present the undesirable phenomena, arising in the electric drive system. The obtained stability condition can be successfully applied for the optimal control of the electromechanical system of the mill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20drive" title="electric drive">electric drive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronous%20motor" title=" synchronous motor"> synchronous motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ore%20mill" title=" ore mill"> ore mill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20factors" title=" technological factors"> technological factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47401/an-algorithm-for-estimating-the-stable-operation-conditions-of-the-synchronous-motor-of-the-ore-mill-electric-drive" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">524</span> Optimal Path Motion of Positional Electric Drive</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Grigoryev">M. A. Grigoryev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20N.%20Shishkov"> A. N. Shishkov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20V.%20Savosteenko"> N. V. Savosteenko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article identifies optimal path motion of positional electric drive, for example, the feed of cold pilgering mill. It is shown that triangle is the optimum shape of the speed curve, and the ratio of its sides depends on the type of load diagram, in particular from the influence of the main drive of pilgering mill, and is not dependent on the presence of backlash and elasticity in the system. This thesis is proved analytically, and confirmed the results are obtained by a mathematical model that take into account the influence of the main drive-to-drive feed. By statistical analysis of oscillograph traces obtained on the real object allowed to give recommendations on the optimal control of the electric drive feed cold pilgering mill 450. Based on the data that the load torque depends on by hit the pipe in rolls of pilgering mill, occurs in the interval (0,6…0,75) tc, the recommended ratio of start time to the braking time is 2:1. Optimized path motion allowed get up to 25% more RMS torque for the cycle that allowed increased the productivity of the mill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20curve%20speed" title="optimal curve speed">optimal curve speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positional%20electric%20drive" title=" positional electric drive"> positional electric drive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20pilgering%20mill%20450" title=" cold pilgering mill 450"> cold pilgering mill 450</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20path%20motion" title=" optimal path motion"> optimal path motion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46141/optimal-path-motion-of-positional-electric-drive" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">523</span> Trajectory Tracking Controller Based on Normalized Right Coprime Factorization Technique for the Ball and Plate System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martins%20Olatunbosun%20Babatunde">Martins Olatunbosun Babatunde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammed%20Bashir%20Muazu"> Muhammed Bashir Muazu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Adewale%20Adedokun"> Emmanuel Adewale Adedokun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the development of a double-loop trajectory-tracking controller for the ball and plate system (BPS) using the Normalized Right Coprime Factorization (NRCF) scheme.The Linear Algebraic (LA) method is used to design the inner loop required to stabilize the ball, while H-infinity NRCF method, that involved the lead-lag compensator design approach, is used to develop the outer loop that controls the plate. Simulation results show that the plate was stabilized at 0.2989 seconds and the ball was able to settle after 0.9646 seconds, with a trajectory tracking error of 0.0036. This shows that the controller has good adaptability and robustness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20and%20plate%20system" title="ball and plate system">ball and plate system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20right%20coprime%20factorization" title=" normalized right coprime factorization"> normalized right coprime factorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20algebraic%20method" title=" linear algebraic method"> linear algebraic method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensator" title=" compensator"> compensator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controller" title=" controller"> controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tracking." title=" tracking."> tracking.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146882/trajectory-tracking-controller-based-on-normalized-right-coprime-factorization-technique-for-the-ball-and-plate-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">522</span> A Mathematical Model for 3-DOF Rotary Accuracy Measurement Method Based on a Ball Lens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hau-Wei%20Lee">Hau-Wei Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Chi%20Liu"> Yu-Chi Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chien-Hung%20Liu"> Chien-Hung Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A mathematical model is presented for a system that measures rotational errors in a shaft using a ball lens. The geometric optical characteristics of the ball lens mounted on the shaft allows the measurement of rotation axis errors in both the radial and axial directions. The equipment used includes two quadrant detectors (QD), two laser diodes and a ball lens that is mounted on the rotating shaft to be evaluated. Rotational errors in the shaft cause changes in the optical geometry of the ball lens. The resulting deflection of the laser beams is detected by the QDs and their output signals are used to determine rotational errors. The radial and the axial rotational errors can be calculated as explained by the mathematical model. Results from system calibration show that the measurement error is within ±1 m and resolution is about 20 nm. Using a direct drive motor (DD motor) as an example, experimental results show a rotational error of less than 20 m. The most important features of this system are that it does not require the use of expensive optical components, it is small, very easy to set up, and measurements are highly accurate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20lens" title="ball lens">ball lens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadrant%20detector" title=" quadrant detector"> quadrant detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20error" title=" axial error"> axial error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20error" title=" radial error"> radial error</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26125/a-mathematical-model-for-3-dof-rotary-accuracy-measurement-method-based-on-a-ball-lens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26125.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">521</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Akermanite Nanoparticles (AMN) as a Bio-Ceramic Nano Powder by Sol-Gel Method for Use in Biomedical</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyedmahdi%20Mousavihashemi">Seyedmahdi Mousavihashemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural Akermanite (NAM) has been successfully prepared by a modified sol-gel method. Optimization in calcination temperature and mechanical ball milling resulted in a pure and nano-sized powder which characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy (FT–IR). We hypothesized that nano-sized Akermanite (AM) would mimic more efficiently the nanocrystal structure and function of natural bone apatite, owing to the higher surface area, compare to conventional micron-size Akermanite (AM). Accordingly, we used the unique advantage of nanotechnology to improve novel nano akermanite particles as a potential candidate for bone tissue regeneration whether as a per implant filling powder or in combination with other biomaterials as a composite scaffold. Pure Akermanite (PAM) powders were successfully obtained via a simple sol-gel method followed by calcination at 1250 °C. Mechanical grinding in a ceramic ball mill for 7 hours resulted in akermanite (AM) nanoparticles in the range of about 30- 45 nm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedical%20engineering" title="biomedical engineering">biomedical engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20composite" title=" nano composite"> nano composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEM" title=" TEM"> TEM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53220/synthesis-and-characterization-of-akermanite-nanoparticles-amn-as-a-bio-ceramic-nano-powder-by-sol-gel-method-for-use-in-biomedical" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">520</span> Synthesis by Mechanical Alloying and Characterization of FeNi₃ Nanoalloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ece%20A.%20Irmak">Ece A. Irmak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amdulla%20O.%20Mekhrabov"> Amdulla O. Mekhrabov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Vedat%20Akdeniz"> M. Vedat Akdeniz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a growing interest on the synthesis and characterization of nanoalloys since the unique chemical, and physical properties of nanoalloys can be tuned and, consequently, new structural motifs can be created by varying the type of constituent elements, atomic and magnetic ordering, as well as size and shape of the nanoparticles. Due to the fine size effects, magnetic nanoalloys have considerable attention with their enhanced mechanical, electrical, optical and magnetic behavior. As an important magnetic nanoalloy, the novel application area of Fe-Ni based nanoalloys is expected to be widened in the chemical, aerospace industry and magnetic biomedical applications. Noble metals have been using in biomedical applications for several years because of their surface plasmon properties. In this respect, iron-nickel nanoalloys are promising materials for magnetic biomedical applications because they show novel properties such as superparamagnetism and surface plasmon resonance property. Also, there is great attention for the usage Fe-Ni based nanoalloys as radar absorbing materials in aerospace and stealth industry due to having high Curie temperature, high permeability and high saturation magnetization with good thermal stability. In this study, FeNi₃ bimetallic nanoalloys were synthesized by mechanical alloying in a planetary high energy ball mill. In mechanical alloying, micron size powders are placed into the mill with milling media. The powders are repeatedly deformed, fractured and alloyed by high energy collision under the impact of balls until the desired composition and particle size is achieved. The experimental studies were carried out in two parts. Firstly, dry mechanical alloying with high energy dry planetary ball milling was applied to obtain FeNi₃ nanoparticles. Secondly, dry milling was followed by surfactant-assisted ball milling to observe the surfactant and solvent effect on the structure, size, and properties of the FeNi₃ nanoalloys. In the first part, the powder sample of iron-nickel was prepared according to the 1:3 iron to nickel ratio to produce FeNi₃ nanoparticles and the 1:10 powder to ball weight ratio. To avoid oxidation during milling, the vials had been filled with Ar inert gas before milling started. The powders were milled for 80 hours in total and the synthesis of the FeNi₃ intermetallic nanoparticles was succeeded by mechanical alloying in 40 hours. Also, regarding the particle size, it was found that the amount of nano-sized particles raised with increasing milling time. In the second part of the study, dry milling of the Fe and Ni powders with the same stoichiometric ratio was repeated. Then, to prevent agglomeration and to obtain smaller sized nanoparticles with superparamagnetic behavior, surfactants and solvent are added to the system, after 40-hour milling time, with the completion of the mechanical alloying. During surfactant-assisted ball milling, heptane was used as milling medium, and as surfactants, oleic acid and oleylamine were used in the high energy ball milling processes. The characterization of the alloyed particles in terms of microstructure, morphology, particle size, thermal and magnetic properties with respect to milling time was done by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometer, and differential scanning calorimetry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iron-nickel%20systems" title="iron-nickel systems">iron-nickel systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoalloys" title=" magnetic nanoalloys"> magnetic nanoalloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20alloying" title=" mechanical alloying"> mechanical alloying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoalloy%20characterization" title=" nanoalloy characterization"> nanoalloy characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactant-assisted%20ball%20milling" title=" surfactant-assisted ball milling"> surfactant-assisted ball milling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89100/synthesis-by-mechanical-alloying-and-characterization-of-feni3-nanoalloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89100.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">519</span> A Hybrid Derivative-Free Optimization Method for Pass Schedule Calculation in Cold Rolling Mill</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadhadi%20Mirmohammadi">Mohammadhadi Mirmohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Safian"> Reza Safian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Haddad"> Hossein Haddad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an innovative solution for complex multi-objective optimization problem which is a part of efforts toward maximizing rolling mill throughput and minimizing processing costs in tandem cold rolling. This computational intelligence based optimization has been applied to the rolling schedules of tandem cold rolling mill. This method involves the combination of two derivative-free optimization procedures in the form of nested loops. The first optimization loop is based on Improving Hit and Run method which focus on balance of power, force and reduction distribution in rolling schedules. The second loop is a real-coded genetic algorithm based optimization procedure which optimizes energy consumption and productivity. An experimental result of application to five stand tandem cold rolling mill is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=derivative-free%20optimization" title="derivative-free optimization">derivative-free optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Improving%20Hit%20and%20Run%20method" title=" Improving Hit and Run method"> Improving Hit and Run method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real-coded%20genetic%20algorithm" title=" real-coded genetic algorithm"> real-coded genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolling%20schedules%20of%20tandem%20cold%20rolling%20mill" title=" rolling schedules of tandem cold rolling mill"> rolling schedules of tandem cold rolling mill</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18442/a-hybrid-derivative-free-optimization-method-for-pass-schedule-calculation-in-cold-rolling-mill" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18442.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">696</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20mill%20attrition&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20mill%20attrition&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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