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</a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ancient history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medieval_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Medieval history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ottoman_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottoman_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Ottoman period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottoman_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkish_Republic_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkish_Republic_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Turkish Republic period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkish_Republic_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mayors_of_Sivas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mayors_of_Sivas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Mayors of Sivas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mayors_of_Sivas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sivas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 80 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-80" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">80 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastia" title="Sebastia – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sebastia" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سيواس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيواس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սեբաստիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սեբաստիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سیواس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سیواس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сівас – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сівас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сывас – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сывас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Sivas (kapital sa lalawigan) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sivas (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B5%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Σεβάστεια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σεβάστεια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سیواس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیواس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سيواس – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="سيواس" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%B0%94%EC%8A%A4" title="시바스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시바스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սեբաստիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սեբաստիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas,_Turki" title="Sivas, Turki – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sivas, Turki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A1" title="סיוואס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיוואס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="სივასი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სივასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AAwas" title="Sêwas – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sêwas" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastea" title="Sebastea – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sebastea" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivasa" title="Sivasa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sivasa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivasas" title="Sivasas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sivasas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas_(telep%C3%BCl%C3%A9s)" title="Sivas (település) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sivas (település)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سیواس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سیواس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas_(stad)" title="Sivas (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sivas (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%82%B9" title="スィヴァス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スィヴァス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سیواس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سیواس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivasi" title="Sivasi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sivasi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8E%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سێواس – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سێواس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сивас – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Сивас" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Сівас – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сівас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="سیواس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیواس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sivas" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E7%93%A6%E6%96%AF" 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sivas&params=39_45_N_37_01_E_region:TR_type:adm1st_dim:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°45′N</span> <span class="longitude">37°01′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.750°N 37.017°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.750; 37.017</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Sivas_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Sivas (disambiguation)">Sivas (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output 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0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/120px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Sivas" title="Special:EditPage/Sivas">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sivas%22">"Sivas"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sivas%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sivas%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sivas%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sivas%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sivas%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Municipality in Turkey</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Sivas</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">Municipality</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:178px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sivas_Cumhuriyet_Meydan%C4%B1_in_2011_8145.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Sivas_Cumhuriyet_Meydan%C4%B1_in_2011_8145.jpg/330px-Sivas_Cumhuriyet_Meydan%C4%B1_in_2011_8145.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Sivas_Cumhuriyet_Meydan%C4%B1_in_2011_8145.jpg/500px-Sivas_Cumhuriyet_Meydan%C4%B1_in_2011_8145.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Sivas_Cumhuriyet_Meydan%C4%B1_in_2011_8145.jpg/960px-Sivas_Cumhuriyet_Meydan%C4%B1_in_2011_8145.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:120px;max-width:120px"><div style="height:78px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:162_Egrik%C3%B6pr%C3%BC.07.2006_resize.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/162_Egrik%C3%B6pr%C3%BC.07.2006_resize.JPG/120px-162_Egrik%C3%B6pr%C3%BC.07.2006_resize.JPG" decoding="async" width="118" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/162_Egrik%C3%B6pr%C3%BC.07.2006_resize.JPG/250px-162_Egrik%C3%B6pr%C3%BC.07.2006_resize.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:148px;max-width:148px"><div style="height:78px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_(tarih%C3%AE).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg/146px-Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg/219px-Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg/292px-Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2779" data-file-height="1492" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:178px;max-width:178px"><div style="height:117px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Celestial_Medresah_-_G%C3%B6kmedrese,_Sivas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Celestial_Medresah_-_G%C3%B6kmedrese%2C_Sivas.jpg/250px-Celestial_Medresah_-_G%C3%B6kmedrese%2C_Sivas.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Celestial_Medresah_-_G%C3%B6kmedrese%2C_Sivas.jpg/330px-Celestial_Medresah_-_G%C3%B6kmedrese%2C_Sivas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Celestial_Medresah_-_G%C3%B6kmedrese%2C_Sivas.jpg/500px-Celestial_Medresah_-_G%C3%B6kmedrese%2C_Sivas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5607" data-file-height="3725" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:90px;max-width:90px"><div style="height:117px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sivas_Republic_Monument_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Sivas_Republic_Monument_2.jpg/120px-Sivas_Republic_Monument_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Sivas_Republic_Monument_2.jpg/250px-Sivas_Republic_Monument_2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:168px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Buruciye_taraf%C4%B1ndan_kongre_binas%C4%B1_-_panoramio_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Buruciye_taraf%C4%B1ndan_kongre_binas%C4%B1_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Buruciye_taraf%C4%B1ndan_kongre_binas%C4%B1_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Buruciye_taraf%C4%B1ndan_kongre_binas%C4%B1_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-Buruciye_taraf%C4%B1ndan_kongre_binas%C4%B1_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Buruciye_taraf%C4%B1ndan_kongre_binas%C4%B1_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/960px-Buruciye_taraf%C4%B1ndan_kongre_binas%C4%B1_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2295" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><b>Clockwise from top:</b> Governorship Building, Historical Gendarmerie Barracks, Republic Monument, <a href="/wiki/Sivas_Congress_and_Ethnography_Museum" title="Sivas Congress and Ethnography Museum">Sivas Congress and Ethnography Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6k_Medrese,_Sivas" title="Gök Medrese, Sivas">Gök Medrese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bent_Bridge" title="Bent Bridge">Bent Bridge</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:270px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:270px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:270px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sivas is located in Turkey"><img alt="Sivas is located in Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Turkey_adm_location_map.svg/330px-Turkey_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Turkey_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Turkey_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Turkey_adm_location_map.svg/960px-Turkey_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1578" data-file-height="721" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.286%;left:59.27%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sivas"><img alt="Sivas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Sivas</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Turkey</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Turkey</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:270px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:270px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:270px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_Anatolia_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sivas is located in Turkey Central Anatolia"><img alt="Sivas is located in Turkey Central Anatolia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Central_Anatolia_Region.svg/270px-Central_Anatolia_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Central_Anatolia_Region.svg/405px-Central_Anatolia_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Central_Anatolia_Region.svg/540px-Central_Anatolia_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="601" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.707%;left:75.426%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sivas"><img alt="Sivas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Sivas</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Sivas (Turkey Central Anatolia)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Turkey Central Anatolia</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sivas&params=39_45_N_37_01_E_region:TR_type:adm1st_dim:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°45′N</span> <span class="longitude">37°01′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.750°N 37.017°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.750; 37.017</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Turkey" title="Provinces of Turkey">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sivas_Province" title="Sivas Province">Sivas</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Turkey" title="Districts of Turkey">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sivas_District" title="Sivas District">Sivas</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Adem Uzun (<a href="/wiki/Great_Unity_Party" title="Great Unity Party">BBP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,285 m (4,216 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-tuik_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tuik-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">365,274</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B03:00" title="UTC+03:00">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_in_Turkey" title="Time in Turkey">TRT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Turkey" title="Postal codes in Turkey">Postal code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">58000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Turkey" title="Telephone numbers in Turkey">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0346</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sivas.bel.tr/">www<wbr />.sivas<wbr />.bel<wbr />.tr</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sivas</b> is a city in central Turkey. It is the seat of <a href="/wiki/Sivas_Province" title="Sivas Province">Sivas Province</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sivas_District" title="Sivas District">Sivas District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-il_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-il-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its population is 365,274 (2022).<sup id="cite_ref-tuik_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tuik-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city, which lies at an elevation of 1,278 metres (4,193 ft) in the broad valley of the <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C4%B1rmak_River" title="Kızılırmak River">Kızılırmak</a> river, is a moderately-sized trade centre and industrial city, although the economy has traditionally been based on <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a>. Rail repair shops and a thriving manufacturing industry of rugs, bricks, cement, and cotton and woolen <a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">textiles</a> form the mainstays of the city's economy. The surrounding region is a cereal-producing area with large deposits of iron ore which are worked at <a href="/wiki/Divri%C4%9Fi" title="Divriği">Divriği</a>. </p><p>Sivas is also a <a href="/wiki/Communications_system" title="Communications system">communications hub</a> for the north–south and east–west trade routes to Iraq and Iran, respectively. With the development of railways, the city gained new economic importance as junction of important rail lines linking the cities of <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kayseri" title="Kayseri">Kayseri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samsun" title="Samsun">Samsun</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Erzurum" title="Erzurum">Erzurum</a>. The city is linked by <a href="/wiki/Sivas_Airport" title="Sivas Airport">air</a> to <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">İzmir</a>. The popular name <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_(name)" title="Sebastian (name)">Sebastian</a> derives from <i>Sebastianòs</i>, Σεβαστιανός, meaning someone from the city.<sup id="cite_ref-Cresswell2007_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cresswell2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Davis1995_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis1995-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name of the city is a truncated form of its <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Greek">Byzantine Greek</a> name Sivasteia<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from the <a href="/wiki/Koine_Greek" title="Koine Greek">Koine Greek</a> name Sebasteia (Σεβάστεια), meaning that it was named in honour of an emperor using the title <a href="/wiki/Sebastos" title="Sebastos">Sebastos</a>, the Greek equivalent of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cresswell2007_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cresswell2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="The citation here helps to verify some of the information in this statement, but not all of it. Please add reliable sources that clearly verify the full etymological explanation. (September 2022)">additional citation(s) needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In <a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a> it is <span title="Armenian-language romanization"><i lang="hy-Latn">Sebastia</i></span> (<span title="Armenian-language text"><span lang="hy">Սեբաստիա</span></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Kurdish it is called Sêwas.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_history">Ancient history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ancient history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sivas_Museum_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sivas_Museum_05.jpg/200px-Sivas_Museum_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sivas_Museum_05.jpg/300px-Sivas_Museum_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sivas_Museum_05.jpg/400px-Sivas_Museum_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="4860" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hittites" title="Hittites">Hittite</a> Artifacts in Sivas Archeology Museum</figcaption></figure> <p>Little is known of Sivas' history prior to its emergence in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> period. In 64 BC, as part of his reorganization of <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Asia Minor</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Third_Mithridatic_War" title="Third Mithridatic War">Third Mithridatic War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pompey" title="Pompey">Pompey the Great</a> founded a city on the site called "Megalopolis".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numismatic evidence suggests that Megalopolis changed its name in the last years of the 1st century BC to "Sebaste", the feminine form of <a href="/wiki/Sebastos" title="Sebastos">Sebastos</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> equivalent of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>. </p><p>The name "Sivas" is the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> version deriving from the name Sebasteia, as the city was known during the late <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Roman (Byzantine) empire</a>. Sebasteia became the capital of the province of <a href="/wiki/Armenia_Minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenia Minor">Armenia Minor</a> under the emperor <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a>, was a town of some importance in the early history of the Christian Church; in the 4th century it was the home of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Blaise" title="Saint Blaise">Saint Blaise</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Sebaste" title="Peter of Sebaste">Saint Peter of Sebaste</a>, bishops of the town, and of <a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Sebaste" title="Eustathius of Sebaste">Eustathius</a>, one of the early founders of <a href="/wiki/Monasticism" title="Monasticism">monasticism</a> in Asia Minor. It was also the place of martyrdom of the <a href="/wiki/Forty_Martyrs_of_Sebaste" title="Forty Martyrs of Sebaste">Forty Martyrs of Sebaste</a>, also 4th century. In 536, <a href="/wiki/Justinian_I" title="Justinian I">Justinian I</a> made it the capital of <a href="/wiki/Armenia_Secunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenia Secunda">Armenia Secunda</a> and refortified it.<sup id="cite_ref-CooperDecker_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CooperDecker-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medieval_history">Medieval history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Medieval history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city was sacked by the troops of <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Marwan" title="Muhammad ibn Marwan">Muhammad ibn Marwan</a> in 692 and became first a <a href="/wiki/Kleisoura_(Byzantine_district)" title="Kleisoura (Byzantine district)">kleisoura</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Sebasteia_(theme)" title="Sebasteia (theme)">911 a theme</a>. Under <a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_II_Phokas" title="Nikephoros II Phokas">Nikephoros II Phokas</a>, many Armenians settled in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-CooperDecker_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CooperDecker-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 1020s, <a href="/wiki/Basil_II" title="Basil II">Basil II</a> delivered the region around Sebasteia in exchange for <a href="/wiki/Vaspurakan" title="Vaspurakan">Vaspurakan</a> to King <a href="/wiki/Seneqerim_Ardzruni" class="mw-redirect" title="Seneqerim Ardzruni">Seneqerim Ardzruni</a>, who settled in Sebasteia with thousands of his Armenian followers.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sebasteia was the first important city to be plundered by Turkish tribes in 1059.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August of that year the troops of various emirs gathered before the unwalled city. Initially they hesitated to sack it, mistaking the domes of the city's several Christian churches for tents of military camps. As soon as they realized that the city was defenceless they burned it for eight days, slaughtered a large part of its population and took many prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-Vryonis_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vryonis-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city came under the domain of the <a href="/wiki/Turkmen_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkmen people">Turkmen</a> <a href="/wiki/Danishmend" class="mw-redirect" title="Danishmend">Danishmend</a> dynasty (1071–1174) after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manzikert" title="Battle of Manzikert">Battle of Manzikert</a> in 1071. After the death of Danişmend Gazi, Sivas passed to Nizamettin <a href="/wiki/Ya%C4%9F%C4%B1basan" title="Yağıbasan">Yağıbasan</a> who won it after a struggle with Danişmend Gazi's successors. In 1174, the city was captured by <a href="/wiki/Seljuk_Sultanate_of_R%C3%BBm" class="mw-redirect" title="Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm">Seljuk</a> ruler <a href="/wiki/Kilij_Arslan_II" title="Kilij Arslan II">Kilij Arslan II</a> and periodically served as capital of the Seljuk empire along with <a href="/wiki/Konya" title="Konya">Konya</a>. Under Seljuk rule, Sivas was an important center of trade along the <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a> and site of a citadel, along with mosques and <a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">madrasas</a> (Islamic educational institutions), four of which survive today and one of which houses the Sivas Museum. Then it passed to the <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanids" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilkhanids">Ilkhanids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eretna" title="Eretna">Eretna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kadi_Burhan_al-Din" title="Kadi Burhan al-Din">Kadı Burhanettin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_period">Ottoman period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ottoman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sivas_%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese_8259.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sivas_%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese_8259.jpg/250px-Sivas_%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese_8259.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sivas_%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese_8259.jpg/330px-Sivas_%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese_8259.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sivas_%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese_8259.jpg/500px-Sivas_%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese_8259.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Kaykaus_I" title="Kaykaus I">Izz al-Din Kayka'us I</a> in the <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese" title="Şifaiye Medrese">Şifaiye Medrese</a> (1217–1218)<sup id="cite_ref-:2411_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2411-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The city was acquired by Ottoman Sultan <a href="/wiki/Bayezid_I" title="Bayezid I">Bayezid I</a> (1389–1402). In 1398, <a href="/wiki/Tamerlane" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamerlane">Tamerlane</a> swept into the area and his forces destroyed the city in 1400, after which it was recaptured by the Ottomans in 1408.<sup id="cite_ref-Howorth_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howorth-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the Ottomans, Sivas served as the administrative center of the <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BBm_Eyalet" title="Rûm Eyalet">Eyalet of Rum</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until about the late 19th century. The <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian Apostolic Church</a> maintained six Armenian churches in Sivas, being the Meryemana, Surp Sarkis, Surp Minas, Surp Prgitsh, Surp Hagop, and Surp Kevork; four monasteries, <a href="/wiki/Surb_Nshan_Monastery" title="Surb Nshan Monastery">Surp Nschan</a>, Surp Hreshdagabed, Surp Anabad, and Surp Hntragadar; an Armenian Apostolic orphanage, and several schools. The <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholic_Church" title="Armenian Catholic Church">Armenian Catholic Church</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latins</a> also had one church and a metropolitan of Sebastea, as did the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two Protestant churches and eight, mostly <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">German</a>- and <a href="/wiki/American_people" class="mw-redirect" title="American people">American</a>-staffed, schools. During the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">genocide against Armenians</a> as well as during the <a href="/wiki/Greek_genocide" title="Greek genocide">genocide against Greek Christians</a> from July 5, 1915 onward, the Christian community of Sivas was exterminated during deportations and mass executions.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turkish_Republic_period">Turkish Republic period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Turkish Republic period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Sivas_Congress" title="Sivas Congress">Sivas Congress</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Representation" title="Committee of Representation">Heyet-i Temsiliye</a></i>) was held in this city 4–11 September 1919.<sup id="cite_ref-Halil87_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Halil87-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</a> (1881–1938), the founder of the Turkish Republic, from <a href="/wiki/Amasya" title="Amasya">Amasya</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Sivas" class="mw-redirect" title="Congress of Sivas">Congress of Sivas</a> is considered a turning point in the formation of the Turkish Republic. It was at this congress that Atatürk's position as chair of the executive committee of the national resistance was confirmed (<i>see <a href="/wiki/Turkish_War_of_Independence" title="Turkish War of Independence">Turkish War of Independence</a></i>). Sivas was depicted on the <a href="/wiki/Obverse_and_reverse" title="Obverse and reverse">reverse</a> of the Turkish 500 <a href="/wiki/Turkish_lira" title="Turkish lira">lira</a> banknote of 1927–1939.<sup id="cite_ref-tcmb.gov.tr_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmb.gov.tr-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_(tarih%C3%AE).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg/220px-Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg/330px-Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg/440px-Sivas_Jandarma_K%C4%B1%C5%9Flas%C4%B1_%28tarih%C3%AE%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2779" data-file-height="1492" /></a><figcaption>Historical Sivas Gendarmerie Barracks</figcaption></figure> <p>On 2 July 1993, 37 participants in an <a href="/wiki/Alevi" class="mw-redirect" title="Alevi">Alevi</a> cultural and literary festival were killed when a mob of demonstrators set fire to the Madımak hotel in Sivas during a violent protest by some 15,000 members of various radical <a href="/wiki/Islamist" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamist">Islamist</a> groups against the presence of <a href="/wiki/Aziz_Nesin" title="Aziz Nesin">Aziz Nesin</a>. The deaths resulted in the Turkish government taking a harder stance against religious fanaticism, militant Islam, and antisecularism. In late 2006, there was a campaign by the <a href="/wiki/Pir_Sultan_Abdal" title="Pir Sultan Abdal">Pir Sultan Abdal</a> Cultural Institute to convert the former hotel into a museum to commemorate the tragedy, now known as the <a href="/wiki/Sivas_massacre" title="Sivas massacre">Sivas massacre</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the mid 19th century, Sivas had 17,000 inhabitants, with a majority of Muslim Turks.<sup id="cite_ref-vgm_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vgm-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1914, Sivas had 45,000 inhabitants: a third were Armenians, the rest Turks and 1,500 Greeks.<sup id="cite_ref-vgm_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vgm-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 1915, Armenian families were deported as part of the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vgm_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vgm-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Greeks were removed as part of the 1923 <a href="/wiki/Population_exchange_between_Greece_and_Turkey" title="Population exchange between Greece and Turkey">population exchange between Greece and Turkey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vgm_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vgm-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1925, there were 3,000 Armenians left around Sivas.<sup id="cite_ref-vgm_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vgm-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1929, Armenians numbered 1,200. In 1939 the total population was 35,000, including 2000 Armenians.<sup id="cite_ref-vgm_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vgm-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1970s, there were 300 Armenians.<sup id="cite_ref-vgm_19-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vgm-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1990s, there were 50 Armenians.<sup id="cite_ref-vgm_19-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vgm-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sivas has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Dsb,</i> <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha</a>: <i>Dcbo</i>), with warm, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. The driest months are July and August and the wettest are April and May. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Sivas (1991–2020, extremes 1930–2023) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5<br />(92.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.5<br />(95.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.9<br />(103.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5<br />(49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.0<br />(84.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.7<br />(85.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.7<br />(27.1) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.6<br />(29.1) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8<br />(38.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3<br />(48.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFDFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7<br />(40.5) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.2<br />(20.8) </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.7<br />(21.7) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.9<br />(30.4) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7<br />(38.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(45.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5<br />(49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.7<br />(25.3) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #3E3EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−31.2<br />(−24.2) </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−34.4<br />(−29.9) </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−27.6<br />(−17.7) </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.0<br />(12.2) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.5<br />(22.1) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0<br />(37.4) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2<br />(37.8) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.8<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.0<br />(15.8) </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−24.4<br />(−11.9) </td> <td style="background: #4343FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−30.2<br />(−22.4) </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−34.4<br />(−29.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #BCFFBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.6<br />(1.76) </td> <td style="background: #BBFFBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.0<br />(1.61) </td> <td style="background: #B6FFB6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.4<br />(1.91) </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.0<br />(2.32) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.6<br />(2.54) </td> <td style="background: #C8FFC8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.1<br />(1.38) </td> <td style="background: #EEFFEE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(0.44) </td> <td style="background: #F4FFF4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1<br />(0.28) </td> <td style="background: #E1FFE1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(0.76) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5<br />(1.48) </td> <td style="background: #BEFFBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.1<br />(1.66) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.7<br />(1.80) </td> <td style="background: #C5FFC5; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">455.4<br />(17.93) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days </th> <td style="background: #5C5CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.17 </td> <td style="background: #5C5CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.03 </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.23 </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.77 </td> <td style="background: #4C4CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.43 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.60 </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.43 </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.50 </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.70 </td> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.60 </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.20 </td> <td style="background: #6565FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.43 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">117.09 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days </th> <td style="background: #6464FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.52 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.52 </td> <td style="background: #AFAFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.43 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.19 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.13 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.48 </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.33 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.10 </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">39.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000D8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000FC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.2 </td> <td style="background: #1313FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61.6 </td> <td style="background: #1010FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62.4 </td> <td style="background: #1818FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.2 </td> <td style="background: #2929FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55.8 </td> <td style="background: #2B2BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55.3 </td> <td style="background: #2626FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.6 </td> <td style="background: #0C0CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000F0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000D8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76.7 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">65.0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #999999; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.7 </td> <td style="background: #B3B36E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">104.5 </td> <td style="background: #C6C600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">155.0 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">198.0 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">248.0 </td> <td style="background: #F1F112; color:#000000;" class="notheme">303.0 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">356.5 </td> <td style="background: #FAFA28; color:#000000;" class="notheme">353.4 </td> <td style="background: #ECEC06; color:#000000;" class="notheme">282.0 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195.3 </td> <td style="background: #BBBB44; color:#000000;" class="notheme">126.0 </td> <td style="background: #888888; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.4 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,479.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #9B9B9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 </td> <td style="background: #B4B469; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 </td> <td style="background: #C7C700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.6 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 </td> <td style="background: #F2F215; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #FCFC2D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4 </td> <td style="background: #EDED09; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 </td> <td style="background: #BBBB3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2 </td> <td style="background: #898989; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2.4 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Turkish_State_Meteorological_Service" title="Turkish State Meteorological Service">Turkish State Meteorological Service</a><sup id="cite_ref-TSMS_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TSMS-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">NOAA</a> (humidity)<sup id="cite_ref-WMONormals_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMONormals-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meteomanz(snow days 2000-2020)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buruciye_medresesi-S%C4%B0VAS_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Buruciye_medresesi-S%C4%B0VAS_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-Buruciye_medresesi-S%C4%B0VAS_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Buruciye_medresesi-S%C4%B0VAS_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Buruciye_medresesi-S%C4%B0VAS_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Buruciye_medresesi-S%C4%B0VAS_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-Buruciye_medresesi-S%C4%B0VAS_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2625" data-file-height="1438" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Buruciye_Medrese" title="Buruciye Medrese">Buruciye Madrasah</a> is an example of Anatolian Seljuks.</figcaption></figure> <p>Historically, Sivas was known for producing <a href="/wiki/Cereal" title="Cereal">cereal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sights">Sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C3%B6k_Medrese.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/G%C3%B6k_Medrese.jpg/220px-G%C3%B6k_Medrese.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/G%C3%B6k_Medrese.jpg/330px-G%C3%B6k_Medrese.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/G%C3%B6k_Medrese.jpg/440px-G%C3%B6k_Medrese.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1364" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6k_Medrese,_Sivas" title="Gök Medrese, Sivas">Gök Medrese</a> built by the <a href="/wiki/Seljuk_Empire" title="Seljuk Empire">Seljuk Empire</a> in 1271</figcaption></figure> <p>A cultural hub as well as an industrial one, Sivas contains many examples of 12th and 13th-century <a href="/wiki/Anatolian_Seljuk_architecture" title="Anatolian Seljuk architecture">Seljuk architecture</a>. The Great Mosque (<i>Ulu Cami</i>) of Sivas was first built in 1197.<sup id="cite_ref-:2411_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2411-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Sifaiye_Medresesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sifaiye Medresesi">Sifaiye Medresesi</a> was completed in 1217–1218 and served as a <i><a href="/wiki/Bimaristan" title="Bimaristan">darüşşifa</a></i> (hospital and medical school). It has a <a href="/wiki/Four-iwan_layout" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-iwan layout">four-iwan layout</a> typical of Seljuk madrasas and is fronted by an elaborately-carved entrance portal. It also contains the tomb of its founder, the Seljuk sultan <a href="/wiki/Kaykaus_I" title="Kaykaus I">Izz al-Din Kayka'us I</a> (d. 1220).<sup id="cite_ref-:2411_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2411-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1271–1272, when the city was under Ilkhanid influence, three different madrasas were built by competing patrons: the <a href="/wiki/Buruciye_Medrese" title="Buruciye Medrese">Buruciye Medrese</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ifte_Minareli_Medrese_(Sivas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Çifte Minareli Medrese (Sivas)">Çifte Minare Medresesi</a></i>, and the <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6k_Medrese,_Sivas" title="Gök Medrese, Sivas">Gök Medrese</a> ("Blue Madrasa"; depicted on the <a href="/wiki/Obverse_and_reverse" title="Obverse and reverse">obverse</a> of the Turkish 500 <a href="/wiki/Turkish_lira" title="Turkish lira">lira</a> banknote of 1927–1939<sup id="cite_ref-tcmb.gov.tr_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tcmb.gov.tr-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). All three have elaborate entrance portals.<sup id="cite_ref-:2411_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2411-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city also contains some fine examples of the Ottoman architectural style. The most prominent example of <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_architecture" title="Ottoman architecture">Ottoman architecture</a> in the city is the Kale Camii ("Citadel Mosque"), built in 1580 by Mehmet Pasha, an Ottoman vizier.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Kurşunlu Hamamı</i> ("Leaden Bath") which was completed in 1576, is the largest historic <a href="/wiki/Hammam" title="Hammam">bathhouse</a> in the city and it contains many details from the classical Ottoman bath building. <i>Behrampaşa Hanı</i> (a <a href="/wiki/Caravanserai" title="Caravanserai">caravanserai</a>), was completed in 1573 and it is famous for the lion motifs around its windows. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kongre-Cumhuriyet_Lisesi_-Sivas_19072012_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Kongre-Cumhuriyet_Lisesi_-Sivas_19072012_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-Kongre-Cumhuriyet_Lisesi_-Sivas_19072012_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Kongre-Cumhuriyet_Lisesi_-Sivas_19072012_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Kongre-Cumhuriyet_Lisesi_-Sivas_19072012_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Kongre-Cumhuriyet_Lisesi_-Sivas_19072012_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-Kongre-Cumhuriyet_Lisesi_-Sivas_19072012_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="3216" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sivas_Congress" title="Sivas Congress">Sivas Congress</a> was held in the <a href="/wiki/Sivas_Congress_and_Ethnography_Museum" title="Sivas Congress and Ethnography Museum">Ethnography Museum building</a> between 4-11 September 1919</figcaption></figure> <p>Atatürk Congress and Ethnography Museum (<i>Atatürk Kongre ve Etnografya Müzesi</i>) is a museum with two sections. One is a dedicated to the Ottoman heritage of Sivas. The other is to the Sivas Congress, one of the pivotal moments in the Turkish national movement. Other museums include the <a href="/wiki/Sivas_Congress_and_Ethnography_Museum" title="Sivas Congress and Ethnography Museum">Sivas Congress and Ethnography Museum</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas_Archaeology_Museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sivas Archaeology Museum (page does not exist)">Sivas Archaeology Museum</a>. The Madımak Science and Culture Centre is housed in the former Madımak Hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The modern heart of the city is Hükümet Square (Hükümet Meydanı, also called Konak Meydanı) located just next to the Governor's mansion. This area is also home to many of the city's high end hotels and restaurants. The city's shoppers usually head to Atatürk Avenue. </p><p>Sivas is also famous for its thermal springs which have a respectable percentage in the city's income. People believe that the water of these thermal springs can cure many illnesses. The most famous thermal areas are, <i>Sıcak Çermik</i>, <i>Soğuk Çermik</i> and <i>Kangal Balıklı Kaplıca</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_Sivas" title="Category:Sport in Sivas">Category:Sport in Sivas</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:4eylul2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/4eylul2.jpg/250px-4eylul2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/4eylul2.jpg/330px-4eylul2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/4eylul2.jpg/500px-4eylul2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="965" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/New_Sivas_4_Eyl%C3%BCl_Stadium" title="New Sivas 4 Eylül Stadium">New Sivas 4 Eylül Stadium</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Football is the most popular sport: in the older districts above the city centre children often kick balls around in the evenings in the smallest streets. The city's <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> club is <a href="/wiki/Sivasspor" title="Sivasspor">Sivasspor</a>, which plays its games at the <a href="/wiki/New_Sivas_4_Eyl%C3%BCl_Stadium" title="New Sivas 4 Eylül Stadium">New Sivas 4 Eylül Stadium</a>. The club currently plays in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCper_Lig" title="Süper Lig">Süper Lig</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Specialties of Sivas are tarhana (a soup made using sour yogurt), kelecos (a sour potato soup made with yoghurt) and <a href="/wiki/Katmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Katmer">katmer</a>, a flaky pastry-bread which can be consumed on its own. One distinct feature of Sivas cooking is the use of <a href="/wiki/Polygonum_cognatum" title="Polygonum cognatum">madimak</a>, which is a local herb used similarly to spinach. Sivas kebabı is a variety of kebab originating from Sivas. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vasnewterminal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Vasnewterminal.jpg/250px-Vasnewterminal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Vasnewterminal.jpg/330px-Vasnewterminal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Vasnewterminal.jpg/500px-Vasnewterminal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="633" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sivas_Airport" title="Sivas Airport">Sivas Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mayors_of_Sivas">Mayors of Sivas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Mayors of Sivas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_Turkish_local_elections" title="1984 Turkish local elections">1984</a>–<a href="/wiki/1989_Turkish_local_elections" title="1989 Turkish local elections">1989</a>: Bekir Timurboğa (<a href="/wiki/Motherland_Party_(Turkey)" title="Motherland Party (Turkey)">ANAP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Turkish_local_elections" title="1989 Turkish local elections">1989</a>–<a href="/wiki/1995_Turkish_general_election" title="1995 Turkish general election">1995</a>: <a href="/wiki/Temel_Karamollao%C4%9Flu" title="Temel Karamollaoğlu">Temel Karamollaoğlu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Refah_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Refah Party">Refah Party</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Turkish_general_election" title="1995 Turkish general election">1995</a>–<a href="/wiki/2004_Turkish_local_elections" title="2004 Turkish local elections">2004</a>: Osman Seçilmiş (<a href="/wiki/Refah_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Refah Party">Refah Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virtue_Party" title="Virtue Party">Fazilet Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saadet_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Saadet Party">Saadet Party</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Turkish_local_elections" title="2004 Turkish local elections">2004</a>–<a href="/wiki/2009_Turkish_local_elections" title="2009 Turkish local elections">2009</a> and <a href="/wiki/2014_Turkish_local_elections" title="2014 Turkish local elections">2014</a>: <a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_local_elections" title="2019 Turkish local elections">2019</a>–Sami Aydın (<a href="/wiki/AK_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="AK Party">AK Party</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Turkish_local_elections" title="2009 Turkish local elections">2009</a>–<a href="/wiki/2014_Turkish_local_elections" title="2014 Turkish local elections">2014</a>: Doğan Ürgüp (<a href="/wiki/Great_Unity_Party" title="Great Unity Party">BBP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_local_elections" title="2019 Turkish local elections">2019</a>–<a href="/wiki/2024_Turkish_local_elections" title="2024 Turkish local elections">2024</a>: <a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilmi_Bilgin" class="extiw" title="tr:Hilmi Bilgin">Hilmi Bilgin</a> (AK Party)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Turkish_local_elections" title="2024 Turkish local elections">2024</a>–<a href="/wiki/Present" title="Present">present</a>: <a href="/wiki/Adem_Uzun" title="Adem Uzun">Adem Uzun</a> (<a href="/wiki/Great_Unity_Party" title="Great Unity Party">BBP</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Turkey" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey">List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey</a></div><p>Sivas is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sivas_twinnings-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></p><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 24em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a>, Russia<sup id="cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sivas_twinnings-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Grada%C4%8Dac" title="Gradačac">Gradačac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a><sup id="cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sivas_twinnings-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia"><img alt="Ethiopia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Adama" title="Adama">Adama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a><sup id="cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sivas_twinnings-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan"><img alt="Azerbaijan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sivas_twinnings-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alicante" title="Alicante">Alicante</a>, Spain<sup id="cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sivas_twinnings-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Clermont-Ferrand" title="Clermont-Ferrand">Clermont-Ferrand</a>, France<sup id="cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sivas_twinnings-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Clermont-Ferrand_twinnings_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clermont-Ferrand_twinnings-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Sivas" title="List of people from Sivas">List of people from Sivas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese" title="Şifaiye Medrese">Şifaiye Medrese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivas_Congress" title="Sivas Congress">Sivas Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangal_Shepherd_Dog" title="Kangal Shepherd Dog">Kangal Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangal_Fish" class="mw-redirect" title="Kangal Fish">Kangal Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divri%C4%9Fi_Great_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Divriği Great Mosque">Divriği Great Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BBm_Eyalet" title="Rûm Eyalet">Rûm Eyalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivas_massacre" title="Sivas massacre">Sivas massacre</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-tuik-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tuik_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tuik_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en">"Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span>. <a href="/wiki/T%C3%9C%C4%B0K" class="mw-redirect" title="TÜİK">TÜİK</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Address-based+population+registration+system+%28ADNKS%29+results+dated+31+December+2022%2C+Favorite+Reports&rft.pub=T%C3%9C%C4%B0K&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiruni.tuik.gov.tr%2Fmedas%2F%3Fkn%3D95%26locale%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-il-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-il_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx">İl Belediyesi</a>, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 22 May 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cresswell2007-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cresswell2007_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cresswell2007_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJulia_Cresswell2007" class="citation book cs1">Julia Cresswell (5 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M4vsr7FQ-q8C"><i>Naming Your Baby: The Definitive Dictionary of First Names</i></a>. A&C Black. p. 209. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7136-8313-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7136-8313-4"><bdi>978-0-7136-8313-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Naming+Your+Baby%3A+The+Definitive+Dictionary+of+First+Names&rft.pages=209&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2007-11-05&rft.isbn=978-0-7136-8313-4&rft.au=Julia+Cresswell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM4vsr7FQ-q8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Davis1995-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Davis1995_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavis1995" class="citation book cs1">Davis, J. Madison (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MEuSbXv3lc8C&pg=PA444"><i>The Shakespeare Name and Place Dictionary</i></a>. Routledge. p. 444. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-884964-17-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-884964-17-6"><bdi>978-1-884964-17-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Shakespeare+Name+and+Place+Dictionary&rft.pages=444&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-1-884964-17-6&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=J.+Madison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMEuSbXv3lc8C%26pg%3DPA444&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLindseyMourad2021" class="citation book cs1">Lindsey, James E.; Mourad, Suleiman A., eds. (2021-10-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cThCEAAAQBAJ&dq=sivasteia+and+Sivas&pg=PA147"><i>Muslim Sources of the Crusader Period: An Anthology</i></a>. Hackett Publishing. p. 147. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62466-997-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62466-997-2"><bdi>978-1-62466-997-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muslim+Sources+of+the+Crusader+Period%3A+An+Anthology&rft.pages=147&rft.pub=Hackett+Publishing&rft.date=2021-10-06&rft.isbn=978-1-62466-997-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcThCEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dsivasteia%2Band%2BSivas%26pg%3DPA147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarsoobian2015" class="citation book cs1">Marsoobian, Armen T. (2015). <i>Fragments of a Lost Homeland: Remembering Armenia</i>. London: I. B. Taurus. p. 56. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781784532116" title="Special:BookSources/9781784532116"><bdi>9781784532116</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fragments+of+a+Lost+Homeland%3A+Remembering+Armenia&rft.place=London&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=I.+B.+Taurus&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781784532116&rft.aulast=Marsoobian&rft.aufirst=Armen+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAvcıkıran" class="citation web cs1">Avcıkıran, Dr. Adem (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200606152528/https://tirsik.net/danegeh/pirtuk/ismail%20bulbul/anamneza%20bi%20kurmanc%c3%ae.pdf">"Kürtçe Anamnez, Anamneza bi Kurmancî"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Tirsik</i>. p. 57. 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(Oxford University Press, 1971), 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CooperDecker-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CooperDecker_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CooperDecker_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCooperDecker2012" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, Eric; Decker, Michael J. (24 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Life_and_Society_in_Byzantine_Cappadocia/nGyQMmtzckAC"><i>Life and Society in Byzantine Cappadocia</i></a>. Springer. pp. 17, <span class="nowrap">25–</span>28, 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-02964-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-02964-5"><bdi>978-1-137-02964-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(1977-01-01). <i>Armenians in the Service of the Ottoman Empire, 1860-1908</i>. Routledge and Kegan Paul. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781138492073" title="Special:BookSources/9781138492073"><bdi>9781138492073</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armenians+in+the+Service+of+the+Ottoman+Empire%2C+1860-1908&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Routledge+and+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1977-01-01&rft.isbn=9781138492073&rft.aulast=Krikorian&rft.aufirst=Mesrob+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRosser2012" class="citation book cs1">Rosser, John H. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AYpqikYr3Q8C&dq=sebasteia+1059+turks&pg=PA425"><i>Historical dictionary of Byzantium</i></a> (2nd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p. 425. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810875678" title="Special:BookSources/9780810875678"><bdi>9780810875678</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+dictionary+of+Byzantium&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=425&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780810875678&rft.aulast=Rosser&rft.aufirst=John+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAYpqikYr3Q8C%26dq%3Dsebasteia%2B1059%2Bturks%26pg%3DPA425&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vryonis-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vryonis_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Speros_Vryonis" title="Speros Vryonis">Speros Vryonis</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/39065646/Vryonis-Decline-of-Medieval-Hellinism-in-Asia-Minor"><i>The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the Process of Islamization from the Eleventh through the Fifteenth Century</i></a> (University of California Press, 1971), p. 155</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2411-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2411_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2411_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2411_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2411_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFM._BloomS._Blair2009" class="citation book cs1">M. Bloom, Jonathan; S. Blair, Sheila, eds. (2009). "Sivas". <i>The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195309911" title="Special:BookSources/9780195309911"><bdi>9780195309911</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sivas&rft.btitle=The+Grove+Encyclopedia+of+Islamic+Art+and+Architecture&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780195309911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Howorth-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Howorth_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry Hoyle Howorth: <i>History of the Mongols from the 9th to the 19th Century</i>, 2008, p. 166</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pars Tuğlacı: Tarih boyunca Batı Ermenileri tarihi. Cilt 3. (1891 – 1922), Pars Yayın ve Tic., Istanbul und Ankara 2004 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/975-7423-06-8" title="Special:BookSources/975-7423-06-8">975-7423-06-8</a>, p. 43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Raymond Kévorkian: Le Génocide des Arméniens; Odile Jacob, Paris 2006, p. 542</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Halil87-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Halil87_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Halil Gülbeyaz: <i>Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Vom Staatsgründer zum Mythos</i>, Parthas, Berlin 2003, p. 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tcmb.gov.tr-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tcmb.gov.tr_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tcmb.gov.tr_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/eng/">Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090615060512/http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/eng/">Archived</a> 2009-06-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Banknote Museum: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/banknote/E1/26.htm">1. Emission Group - Five Hundred Turkish Lira - I. Series</a>. – Retrieved on 20 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vgm-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vgm_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vgm_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vgm_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vgm_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vgm_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vgm_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vgm_19-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vgm_19-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://virtual-genocide-memorial.de/region/the-six-provinces/sivas-vilayet/sancak-sivas-%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1-sebastaia-%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A1-sebastia-%D5%BD%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%BD-sva/kaza-sivas-%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1-sebastaia-%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A1-sebastia-%D5%BD%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%BD-svas/">"Kaza Sivas / Σεβάστεια – Sebastaia / Սեբաստիա – Sebastia / Սվաս – Svas / Սրվազ - Srvaz"</a>. <i>Virtual Genocide Memorial</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Virtual+Genocide+Memorial&rft.atitle=Kaza+Sivas+%2F+%CE%A3%CE%B5%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1+%E2%80%93+Sebastaia+%2F+%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A1+%E2%80%93+Sebastia+%2F+%D5%8D%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%BD+%E2%80%93+Svas+%2F+%D5%8D%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%A6+-+Srvaz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvirtual-genocide-memorial.de%2Fregion%2Fthe-six-provinces%2Fsivas-vilayet%2Fsancak-sivas-%25CF%2583%25CE%25B5%25CE%25B2%25CE%25AC%25CF%2583%25CF%2584%25CE%25B5%25CE%25B9%25CE%25B1-sebastaia-%25D5%25BD%25D5%25A5%25D5%25A2%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BD%25D5%25BF%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1-sebastia-%25D5%25BD%25D5%25BE%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BD-sva%2Fkaza-sivas-%25CF%2583%25CE%25B5%25CE%25B2%25CE%25AC%25CF%2583%25CF%2584%25CE%25B5%25CE%25B9%25CE%25B1-sebastaia-%25D5%25BD%25D5%25A5%25D5%25A2%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BD%25D5%25BF%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1-sebastia-%25D5%25BD%25D5%25BE%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BD-svas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TSMS-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TSMS_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=H&m=SIVAS">"Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Mevism Normalleri (1991–2020)"</a> (in Turkish). Turkish State Meteorological Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Resmi+%C4%B0statistikler%3A+%C4%B0llerimize+Ait+Mevism+Normalleri+%281991%E2%80%932020%29&rft.pub=Turkish+State+Meteorological+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mgm.gov.tr%2Fveridegerlendirme%2Fil-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx%3Fk%3DH%26m%3DSIVAS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WMONormals-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WMONormals_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Turkiye/CSV/Sivas_17090.csv">"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Sivas"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Meteorological+Organization+Climate+Normals+for+1991-2020+%E2%80%94+Sivas&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nodc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Farc0216%2F0253808%2F2.2%2Fdata%2F0-data%2FRegion-6-WMO-Normals-9120%2FTurkiye%2FCSV%2FSivas_17090.csv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meteomanz.com/sy3?l=1&cou=6290&ind=17090&m1=01&y1=2000&m2=12&y2=2020">"Sivas-Weather data by months"</a>. <i>Meteomanz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Meteomanz&rft.atitle=Sivas-Weather+data+by+months&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteomanz.com%2Fsy3%3Fl%3D1%26cou%3D6290%26ind%3D17090%26m1%3D01%26y1%3D2000%26m2%3D12%26y2%3D2020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBlessing2014" class="citation book cs1">Blessing, Patricia (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NaqoDQAAQBAJ&pg=PP1">"A capital of learning: Three madrasas in Sivas (1271–1272)"</a>. <i>Rebuilding Anatolia after the Mongol Conquest: Islamic Architecture in the Lands of Rūm, 1240–1330</i>. Routledge. pp. <span class="nowrap">69–</span>122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4724-2406-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4724-2406-8"><bdi>978-1-4724-2406-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+capital+of+learning%3A+Three+madrasas+in+Sivas+%281271%E2%80%931272%29&rft.btitle=Rebuilding+Anatolia+after+the+Mongol+Conquest%3A+Islamic+Architecture+in+the+Lands+of+R%C5%ABm%2C+1240%E2%80%931330&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E69-%3C%2Fspan%3E122&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4724-2406-8&rft.aulast=Blessing&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNaqoDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1989" class="citation book cs1">Sinclair, T. A. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wq1EBAAAQBAJ&dq=ottoman+kale+mosque+sivas&pg=PA306"><i>Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume II</i></a>. Pindar Press. p. 306. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-907132-33-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-907132-33-2"><bdi>978-0-907132-33-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Turkey%3A+An+Architectural+%26+Archaeological+Survey%2C+Volume+II&rft.pages=306&rft.pub=Pindar+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-907132-33-2&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=T.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWq1EBAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dottoman%2Bkale%2Bmosque%2Bsivas%26pg%3DPA306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFsitesi" class="citation news cs1">sitesi, milliyet.com.tr Türkiye'nin lider haber. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milliyet.com.tr/madimak-oteli-bilim-ve-kultur-merkezi-oldu-gundem-1408705/">"Madımak oteli Bilim ve Kültür Merkezi oldu"</a>. <i>MİLLİYET HABER - TÜRKİYE'NİN HABER SİTESİ</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=M%C4%B0LL%C4%B0YET+HABER+-+T%C3%9CRK%C4%B0YE%27N%C4%B0N+HABER+S%C4%B0TES%C4%B0&rft.atitle=Mad%C4%B1mak+oteli+Bilim+ve+K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr+Merkezi+oldu&rft.aulast=sitesi&rft.aufirst=milliyet.com.tr+T%C3%BCrkiye%27nin+lider+haber&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.milliyet.com.tr%2Fmadimak-oteli-bilim-ve-kultur-merkezi-oldu-gundem-1408705%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sivas_twinnings-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sivas_twinnings_26-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yeniulke.net/3044/uzaklar_yakinlasti">Uzaklar Yakinlaşti - Sivas Twin Towns</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131227151859/http://www.yeniulke.net/3044/uzaklar_yakinlasti">Archived</a> 2013-12-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a><span class="languageicon">(in Turkish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clermont-Ferrand_twinnings-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Clermont-Ferrand_twinnings_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131004135322/http://www.cncd.fr/frontoffice/bdd-region.asp?action=getRegion&id=3#tabs3">"National Commission for Decentralised cooperation"</a>. <i>Délégation pour l'Action Extérieure des Collectivités Territoriales (Ministère des Affaires étrangères)</i> (in French). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cncd.fr/frontoffice/bdd-region.asp?action=getRegion&id=3#tabs3">the original</a> on 2013-10-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-12-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=D%C3%A9l%C3%A9gation+pour+l%27Action+Ext%C3%A9rieure+des+Collectivit%C3%A9s+Territoriales+%28Minist%C3%A8re+des+Affaires+%C3%A9trang%C3%A8res%29&rft.atitle=National+Commission+for+Decentralised+cooperation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cncd.fr%2Ffrontoffice%2Fbdd-region.asp%3Faction%3DgetRegion%26id%3D3%23tabs3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASivas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sivas&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sivas" title="Template:Sivas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sivas" title="Template talk:Sivas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sivas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sivas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sivas49" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sivas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6k_Medrese,_Sivas" title="Gök Medrese, Sivas">Gök Medrese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eifaiye_Medrese" title="Şifaiye Medrese">Şifaiye Medrese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivas_Congress_and_Ethnography_Museum" title="Sivas Congress and Ethnography Museum">Sivas Congress and Ethnography Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sivas_Congress" title="Sivas Congress">Sivas Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivas_massacre" title="Sivas massacre">Sivas massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Turkey&#124;link=Turkey_Sivas_District137" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sivas_District" title="Template:Sivas District"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Sivas_District&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Sivas District (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sivas_District" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sivas District"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Turkey&#124;link=Turkey_Sivas_District137" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sivas_District" title="Sivas District">Sivas District</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sivas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z,_Sivas" title="Yıldız, Sivas">Yıldız</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Villages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Acıdere</li> <li>Acıpınar</li> <li>Ağılkaya</li> <li>Akçahan</li> <li>Akçainiş</li> <li>Akçamescit</li> <li>Akkoç</li> <li>Akkuzulu</li> <li>Akören</li> <li>Akpınar</li> <li>Alahacı</li> <li>Apa</li> <li>Armutlu</li> <li>Arpayazı</li> <li>Aşağıyıldızlı</li> <li>Asarcık</li> <li>Aydoğmuş</li> <li>Aylı</li> <li>Bademkaya</li> <li>Barcın</li> <li>Başıbüyük</li> <li>Başsöğüt</li> <li>Bedirli</li> <li>Beşpınar</li> <li>Beştepe</li> <li>Beypınarı</li> <li>Bingöl</li> <li>Bostancık</li> <li>Budaklı</li> <li>Çallı</li> <li>Çatalkaya</li> <li>Çaygören</li> <li>Çaypınar</li> <li>Çelebiler</li> <li>Çeltek</li> <li>Çerçideresi</li> <li>Çongar</li> <li>Çukurbelen</li> <li>Damılı</li> <li>Damlacık</li> <li>Demiryazı</li> <li>Dikmencik</li> <li>Doğanca</li> <li>Dörteylül</li> <li>Durdulu</li> <li>Düzova</li> <li>Ebuhan</li> <li>Eğribucak</li> <li>Emirhan</li> <li>Eskiapardı</li> <li>Eskiboğazkesen</li> <li>Eskiköy</li> <li>Gazibey</li> <li>Gaziköy</li> <li>Gözmen</li> <li>Güllüce</li> <li>Güllük</li> <li>Gülpınar</li> <li>Gümüşdere</li> <li>Gündüzköy</li> <li>Günece</li> <li>Güneli</li> <li>Güney</li> <li>Günören</li> <li>Hacıali</li> <li>Hanlı</li> <li>Harmancık</li> <li>Hasbey</li> <li>Haydarlı</li> <li>Hayırbey</li> <li>Hayranlı</li> <li>Herekli</li> <li>Hıdırnalı</li> <li>Himmetfakı</li> <li>Hocabey</li> <li>İlkindi</li> <li>İnceağa</li> <li>İnceyol</li> <li>İsmailbeyçiftliği</li> <li>İşhanı</li> <li>Kabasakal</li> <li>Kahyalı</li> <li>Karabalcık</li> <li>Karacaören</li> <li>Karaçayır</li> <li>Karagömlek</li> <li>Karalar</li> <li>Karalı</li> <li>Karamehmetoğlu</li> <li>Karapınar</li> <li>Karayün</li> <li>Kartalca</li> <li>Kavlak</li> <li>Kayadibi</li> <li>Keçili</li> 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<li>Yeniboğazkesen</li> <li>Yenice</li> <li>Yenikervansaray</li> <li>Yenikızılcakışla</li> <li>Yukarıyıldızlı</li> <li>Zengi</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/235581006">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJc7RXy6Whk9mRGtJkYkjC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4248035-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84039106">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sivas (Turecko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge1045554&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007559828205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/629075">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044359">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kulturenvanteri.com/yer/?p=65811">Kulturenvanteri monument</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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