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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Channel lineup</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Channel_lineup-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orbit_ESPN's_disappearance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orbit_ESPN's_disappearance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Orbit ESPN's disappearance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orbit_ESPN's_disappearance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BBC_Arabic_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BBC_Arabic_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>BBC Arabic television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BBC_Arabic_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orbit_packages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orbit_packages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Orbit packages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orbit_packages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Showtime_Arabia_merger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Showtime_Arabia_merger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Showtime Arabia merger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Showtime_Arabia_merger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the old Orbit. For the company's current successor, see <a href="/wiki/OSN" title="OSN">OSN</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Orbit TV</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orbitlogo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official Logo"><img alt="Official Logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/60/Orbitlogo.jpg/250px-Orbitlogo.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/60/Orbitlogo.jpg/375px-Orbitlogo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/60/Orbitlogo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="229" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">Satellite television</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunication" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunication">Telecommunication</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">10 August 1994<span class="noprint">; 30 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1994-08-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">14 September 2009<span class="noprint">; 15 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">2009-09-14</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fate</th><td class="infobox-data">Merged with <a href="/wiki/Showtime_Arabia" title="Showtime Arabia">Showtime Arabia</a> into <a href="/wiki/OSN" title="OSN">Orbit Showtime</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a>, Bahrain</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Direct_broadcast_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct broadcast satellite">Direct broadcast satellite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Satellite_Internet" class="mw-redirect" title="Satellite Internet">Satellite Internet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Private_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Private company">Privately</a> owned by <a href="/wiki/Mawarid_Holding" title="Mawarid Holding">Mawarid Holding</a> [via Digital Media Systems]</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orbit.net/">Official Site</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Orbit Communications Company</b> was a privately owned <a href="/wiki/Pay_television" title="Pay television">Pay TV</a> network, operating in <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>. Owned by <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia–</a>based <a href="/wiki/Mawarid_Holding" title="Mawarid Holding">Mawarid Holding</a> (via Digital Media Systems),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it was the first fully <a href="/wiki/Digital_data" title="Digital data">digital</a>, multi-channel, multi-lingual, pay television service in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> and was also the world's first fully end to end digital TV network.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Launched in 1994, it was originally situated in Tor Sapienza, Rome, Italy as the location was considered entirely suitable to build a satellite farm.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fact_Provided_By_Former_Employee_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fact_Provided_By_Former_Employee-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Orbit employed around 600 employees<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (June 2020)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> who were largely a combination of British and Italian staff with several Arabic speaking nations also represented.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Orbit broadcast in several languages around the world including <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>. </p><p>Some of Orbit's Arabic channels including Bahrain TV, Al Safwa, Fann, Al Yawm, Cinema 1, Cinema 2, Mousalsalat and Mousalsalat +2 and are available throughout North and South America through <a href="/wiki/MyTV_(Arabic)" title="MyTV (Arabic)">myTV (Arabic)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009, the company merged with <a href="/wiki/Showtime_Arabia" title="Showtime Arabia">Showtime Arabia</a> to form <a href="/wiki/OSN" title="OSN">OSN</a>, which is currently the biggest pay-TV provider in the MENA region. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_Communications_Company&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Orbit had launched four multi-function interactive decoders: </p> <ul><li>XD 200-<a href="/wiki/Humax" title="Humax">Humax</a></li> <li>XD 200-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Technosat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Technosat (page does not exist)">Technosat</a></li> <li>XD 300-<a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a></li> <li>XD 400-<a href="/wiki/Humax" title="Humax">Humax</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">PVR - Personal Video Recorder</a>)</i></li></ul> <p>This allowed the following features: </p> <ul><li>2-level parental control (Channel & Rating).</li> <li>7-day bilingual electronic program guide.</li> <li>22 radio channels of music & news & entertainment.</li> <li>Arabic subtitles & multi-lingual audio on selected channels.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Channel_lineup">Channel lineup</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_Communications_Company&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Channel lineup"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Promotional & Free go air:</b> <ul><li>Marhaba TV (it's closed)</li> <li>TVMAX Promo (it's closed)</li> <li>Orbit Promotional Channel (before Marhaba TV) (it's closed)</li> <li>Orbit Express Shop (it's closed)</li> <li>Osn Promotional Channel</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Movies:</b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Arabic movies:</b> <ul><li>ART Aflam 1 (it's closed)</li> <li>ART Aflam 2 (it's closed)</li> <li>ART Cinema (it's closed)</li> <li>Cinema 1 (after Al Oula)</li> <li>Cinema 2</li> <li>Rotana Cinema</li> <li>Rotana Comedy</li> <li>Rotana Classic</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Foreign movies:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Movies" title="Star Movies">Star Movies</a></li> <li>Super Movies (it's closed)</li> <li>Super Movies +1 (it's closed)</li> <li>Cinema City (it's closed)</li> <li>Cinema City +1 (it's closed)</li> <li>Cinema City +2 (it's closed)</li> <li>MGM (it's closed)</li> <li>Xtra Movies (it's closed)</li> <li>Xtra Movies +2 (it's closed)</li> <li>Cine TV (it's closed)</li> <li>Film World (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNT_Africa" title="TNT Africa">Turner Classic Movies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBC_2_(Middle_Eastern_and_North_African_TV_channel)" title="MBC 2 (Middle Eastern and North African TV channel)">MBC 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBC_Max" title="MBC Max">MBC Max</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBC_Action" title="MBC Action">MBC Action</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Sports:</b> <ul><li>Edge Sport</li> <li>Bahrain Sports 1</li> <li>Bahrain Sports 2</li> <li>KSA Sports 1</li> <li>KSA Sports 2</li> <li>Al Riyadiyah 1 (it's closed)</li> <li>Al Riyadiyah 2 (it's closed)</li> <li>Al Riyadiyah 3 (it's closed)</li> <li>Al Riyadiyah 4 (it's closed)</li> <li>Al Riyadiyah 5 (it's closed)</li> <li>Al Riyadiyah 6 (it's closed)</li> <li>Al Riyadiyah 7 (it's closed)</li> <li>Al Riyadiyah 8 (it's closed)</li> <li>Abu Dhabi Sports 1</li> <li>Abu Dhabi Sports 2</li> <li>Abu Dhabi Sports 3</li> <li>Abu Dhabi Sports 4</li> <li>Orbit ESPN (it's closed)</li> <li>Orbit Sports (it's closed)</li> <li>Orbit Sports 1 (it's closed)</li> <li>Orbit Sports 2 (it's closed)</li> <li>Orbit Sports 3 (it's closed)</li> <li>Orbit Sports 4 (it's closed)</li> <li>Orbit Sports 5 (it's closed)</li> <li>BeIN Sports</li> <li>BeIN Sports News</li> <li>BeIN Sports NBA</li> <li>BeIN Sports Premium</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Kids and documentary and culture:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fun_Channel" title="Fun Channel">Fun Channel</a> (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon_(Middle_Eastern_and_North_African_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nickelodeon (Middle Eastern and North African TV channel)">Nickelodeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Jr._(Middle_Eastern_and_North_African_TV_channel)" title="Nick Jr. (Middle Eastern and North African TV channel)">Nick Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicktoons_(Middle_Eastern_and_North_African_TV_channel)" title="Nicktoons (Middle Eastern and North African TV channel)">Nicktoons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disney_Channel_(European,_Middle_Eastern,_and_African_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney Channel (European, Middle Eastern, and African TV channel)">Disney Channel</a></li> <li>Disney Junior</li> <li>Disney XD (after Toon Disney)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacetoon" title="Spacetoon">Spacetoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BabyTV" title="BabyTV">BabyTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBeebies" title="CBeebies">CBeebies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_(Southeast_Asian_TV_channel)" title="History (Southeast Asian TV channel)">The History Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H2_(A%26E_Networks)#MENA" title="H2 (A&E Networks)">The History Channel 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(Asian_TV_channel)#Feeds" title="National Geographic (Asian TV channel)">National Geographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Abu_Dhabi" title="National Geographic Abu Dhabi">National Geographic Abu Dhabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nat_Geo_Wild#Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Nat Geo Wild">Nat Geo Wild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Science_(European_TV_channel)" title="Discovery Science (European TV channel)">Discovery Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel_(Middle_Eastern_and_North_African_TV_channel)" title="Discovery Channel (Middle Eastern and North African TV channel)">Discovery Channel</a></li> <li>Discovery ID</li> <li>Crime Investigation Network</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>News:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OSN_News" title="OSN News">Orbit News</a> (it's closed)</li> <li>Orbit News 2 (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNN_International" title="CNN International">CNN International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNBC_Arabia" title="CNBC Arabia">CNBC Arabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Television" title="Bloomberg Television">Bloomberg Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_News_Arabia" title="Sky News Arabia">Sky News Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_24" title="France 24">France 24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Arabiya" title="Al Arabiya">Al Arabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlHadath" title="AlHadath">Al Hadath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_English" title="Al Jazeera English">Al Jazeera English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Documentary_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Jazeera Documentary Channel">Al Jazeera Documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Arabic" title="BBC Arabic">BBC Arabic</a> (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_News_(international_TV_channel)" title="BBC News (international TV channel)">BBC World News</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Music:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MTV_00s" title="MTV 00s">MTV 2000's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV_Live_(International_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="MTV Live (International TV channel)">MTV Live</a></li> <li>Music Now</li> <li>Fann</li> <li>Rotana Music</li> <li>Rotana Clip</li> <li>Rotana Khalijiah</li> <li>Wanasah (it's closed)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Series and lifestyle:</b> <ul><li>Al Safwa (after Al Thania)</li> <li>Al Yawm (after Al Thalitha)</li> <li>Fann</li> <li>ART Hekayat (it's closed)</li> <li>ART Hekayat 2 (it's closed)</li> <li>Arabic Series Channel</li> <li>Arabic Series Channel +4 (it's closed)</li> <li>Arabic Series Channel +2</li> <li>Super Comedy (it's closed)</li> <li>Super Comedy +2 (it's closed)</li> <li>America Plus (it's closed)</li> <li>America Plus +2 (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_World" title="Star World">Star World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E!" title="E!">E!</a></li> <li>The Hollywood Channel (It's closed)</li> <li>Hollywood Star! (It's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FashionTV#Middle_East_&_North_Africa" title="FashionTV">Fashion TV</a> (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLC_(TV_network)#International" title="TLC (TV network)">TLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Prime" title="BBC Prime">BBC Prime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Earth" title="BBC Earth">BBC Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_First" title="BBC First">BBC First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Lifestyle" title="BBC Lifestyle">BBC Lifestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBC_1_(Middle_Eastern_and_North_African_TV_channel)" title="MBC 1 (Middle Eastern and North African TV channel)">MBC 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBC_4" title="MBC 4">MBC 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBC_Group#MBC_5" title="MBC Group">MBC 5</a></li> <li>Abu Dhabi TV</li> <li>Emarat TV</li> <li>Sharjah TV</li> <li>Dubai TV</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBC_Masr" title="MBC Masr">MBC Masr</a></li> <li>MBC Masr 2</li> <li>Bahrain TV</li> <li>Bahrain International</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain_Lawal" title="Bahrain Lawal">Bahrain Lawal</a></li> <li>Bahrain Quran Kareem Channel (It's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Saudiya" title="Al Saudiya">Saudi TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Broadcasting_Authority" title="Saudi Broadcasting Authority">SBC</a></li> <li>Saudi Quran Kareem Channel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_Television" title="Qatar Television">Qatar TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alrayyan_TV" title="Alrayyan TV">AlRayyan TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV5Monde#Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="TV5Monde">TV5Monde Maghreb Orient</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Pay per view:</b> <ul><li>TVMAX 1 (it's closed)</li> <li>TVMAX 2 (it's closed)</li> <li>TVMAX 3 (it's closed)</li> <li>TVMAX Sports 1 (it's closed)</li> <li>TVMAX Sports 2 (it's closed)</li> <li>TVMAX Sports 3 (it's closed)</li> <li>Showtime TVMAX (5 channels) (it's closed)</li> <li>OSN On Demand (after Show On Demand)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Pinoy:</b> <ul><li>NBN Pinoy News (it's closed)</li> <li>PBO - Pinoy Box Office (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GMA_Pinoy_TV" title="GMA Pinoy TV">GMA Pinoy TV</a> (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GMA_Life_TV" title="GMA Life TV">GMA Life TV</a> (it's closed)</li> <li>Hollywood Star! (it's closed)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Lebanese:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Broadcasting_Corporation_International" title="Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation International">LBCI</a> (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9_Liban" title="Télé Liban">Tele Liban</a> (it's closed)</li> <li>Aghani Aghani TV (it's closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV_(Lebanon)" title="MTV (Lebanon)">MTV One Lebanon</a> (it's closed)</li> <li><b>Alfa channels before:</b></li> <li>Al Thalitha (before Al Yawm)</li> <li>Al Oula (before Cinema 1)</li> <li>Al Thania (before Al Safwa)</li> <li>Music Now</li> <li>The Series Channel</li> <li>Al Qanat Al musiqeya</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><b>Alfa channels after:</b></li> <li>Al Yawm</li> <li>Al Safwa</li> <li>Music Now</li> <li>The Series Channel</li> <li>The Series Channel +4 (it's closed)</li> <li>The Series Channel +2</li> <li>Cinema 1</li> <li>Cinema 2</li> <li>Fann</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Radio:</b> <ul><li>Monawa't (it's closed)</li> <li>Tarabiya't (it's closed)</li> <li>Khalijya't (it's closed)</li> <li>BBC World Media Service (it's closed)</li> <li>Radio Rotana</li> <li>GMA DZBB</li> <li>Radio Mosaic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Arabic" title="BBC Arabic">BBC World Service Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_World_Service" title="BBC World Service">BBC World Service English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Monte_Carlo" title="Radio Monte Carlo">Monte Carlo Doualiya</a></li> <li>Al Jazeera Radio</li> <li>Sky News Arabic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DZBB-AM" title="DZBB-AM">GMA DZBB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DWLS" title="DWLS">DWLS FM</a></li> <li>Radio Bahrain Arabic</li> <li>Radio Bahrain English</li> <li>AFN Bahrain FM</li> <li>BFBS Bahrain</li> <li>The Voice Of Ummah</li> <li>BBC Radio 3</li> <li>BBC Radio 4</li> <li>MBC FM</li> <li>Panorama FM</li> <li>Al Arabiya FM</li> <li>Mood FM</li> <li>Quran Kareem FM</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Free-to-air:</b></li></ul> <p>Up to 500 and more Free-to-air television and radio channels (including <a href="/wiki/Arabsat" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabsat">Arabsat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nilesat" title="Nilesat">Nilesat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hotbird" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotbird">Hotbird</a>... – based on type of connection). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orbit_ESPN's_disappearance"><span id="Orbit_ESPN.27s_disappearance"></span>Orbit ESPN's disappearance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_Communications_Company&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Orbit ESPN's disappearance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 1 April 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after being on the air since 1994,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_ESPN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbit ESPN (page does not exist)">Orbit ESPN</a> disappeared from the Orbit lineup. This left Orbit without coverage of the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a>, <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>, <a href="/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a>, <a href="/wiki/IndyCar_Series" title="IndyCar Series">IndyCar Series</a>, major golf and tennis tournaments, and the premier action sports franchise in the world, ESPN's <a href="/wiki/X_Games" title="X Games">X Games</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports_(Middle_Eastern_TV_channel)" title="Fox Sports (Middle Eastern TV channel)">Fox Sports</a> replaced <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_ESPN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbit ESPN (page does not exist)">Orbit ESPN</a> on 13 January 2009. </p><p>One of the reasons that break the contract with ESPN is the severe financial problems happened at that time, since 1999-2000 the production graph line has been moved down. In 2009, a major delay in paying salaries for orbit employees in Egypt, Lebanon and KSA for more than 4 months. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="BBC_Arabic_television">BBC Arabic television</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_Communications_Company&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: BBC Arabic television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Arabic" title="BBC News Arabic">BBC Arabic Television</a> was originally transmitted via Orbit from 1994 until April 21, 1996, when it was taken off air by Orbit after the channel broadcast an episode of the BBC <i>Panorama</i> program critical of the Saudi Arabian government. Many of the BBC Arabic Television staff then went to work for <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Arabic" title="Al Jazeera Arabic">Al Jazeera</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The BBC has since relaunched the channel autonomously in 2008. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orbit_packages">Orbit packages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_Communications_Company&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Orbit packages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Orbit_Communications_Company" title="Special:EditPage/Orbit Communications Company">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i>(The Following Packages are Orbit's Main Packages)</i> <i>(Packages May differ from Country to Another)</i> </p> <ul><li><b>Super Mega</b>: Super Mega includes all Arabic and Western Orbit TV channels. Plus, 22 Radio channels and 4 TV MAX channels.</li> <li><b>Super Prime</b>: Super Prime includes only Orbits' Western channels, plus NBA TV, Al Riyadiyah, Music Now, MTV Arabia. Plus, 22 Radio channels and 4 TV MAX channels.</li> <li><b>Alfa</b>: Includes all Orbits' Arabic channels, plus CNN International and Music Now. Plus, 22 Radio channels and 4 TV MAX channels.</li> <li><b>Family</b>: The best in Family entertainment: Al Safwa, Al Yawm, Fann, Music Now, Arabic Series Channel, MTV Arabia, Fun Channel, Cartoon Network, Boomerang, Playhouse Disney, Toon Disney, Disney Channel, Spacetoon, Nickelodeon, The History Channel, Animal Planet, Discovery Science, CNN International, Bloomberg Television, Euronews, CNN International, Al Riyadiyah, NBA TV, Hollywood Channel (Zone Club), BBC Prime, Super Comedy, Discovery Travel & Living, 4 TV MAX channels. Plus, 22 Radio channels.</li> <li><b>Pinoy Plus</b>: The best in Filipino programming: GMA Pinoy TV, NBN Pinoy News, GMA Life TV. Plus, Cartoon Network, Disney Channel, MGM Movies, Discovery Science, Animal Planet, Hollywood Channel (Zone Club), Fashion TV, Music Now, Trace TV, MTV Arabia, CNN International, NBA TV, 22 Radio channels and 4 TV MAX channels.</li> <li><b>Kids</b>: The package includes the best in kids entertainment, documentary channels and sports channels: Fun Channel, Playhouse Disney, Toon Disney, Disney Channel, Spacetoon, Nickelodeon, Cartoon Network, Boomerang, Discovery Science, Animal Planet, The History Channel, NBA TV. Plus, 22 Radio channels and 4 TV MAX channels. <i>(Kids package is only available as a second subscription only).</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Showtime_Arabia_merger">Showtime Arabia merger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_Communications_Company&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Showtime Arabia merger"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 12 July 2009, <i><a href="/wiki/Showtime_Arabia" title="Showtime Arabia">Showtime Arabia</a></i> and <i>Orbit Communications Company</i> announced a merger that created the “biggest Pay-TV platform” in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chiba_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chiba-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The newly formed company, which is called OSN,<sup id="cite_ref-chiba_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chiba-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an equal partnership that would offer 70 exclusive channels featuring new <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">movies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sport" title="Sport">sports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Television_show" title="Television show">series</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> content and international shows. </p><p>New customers can subscribe to packages featuring <a href="/wiki/Showtime_Arabia" title="Showtime Arabia">Showtime Arabia's</a> and <i>Orbit Communications Company'</i>s programs, while existing subscribers will be able to either retain or upgrade their content. The company will offer <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HD</a> channels, <a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">video on demand</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Interactive_television" title="Interactive television">interactive</a> services. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_Communications_Company&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zawya.com/cm/profile.cfm?companyid=1000189">"Zawya - Mawarid Holding"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zawya+-+Mawarid+Holding&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zawya.com%2Fcm%2Fprofile.cfm%3Fcompanyid%3D1000189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrbit+Communications+Company" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zawya.com/cm/profile.cfm/cid1001503/">"Zawya - Orbit Satellite Television and Radio Network"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zawya+-+Orbit+Satellite+Television+and+Radio+Network&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zawya.com%2Fcm%2Fprofile.cfm%2Fcid1001503%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrbit+Communications+Company" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telecompaper.com/news/orbit-plans-tv-service--13295">"Orbit plans TV service"</a></span>. <i>www.telecompaper.com</i>. 9 December 1993.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.telecompaper.com&rft.atitle=Orbit+plans+TV+service&rft.date=1993-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telecompaper.com%2Fnews%2Forbit-plans-tv-service--13295&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrbit+Communications+Company" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fact_Provided_By_Former_Employee-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fact_Provided_By_Former_Employee_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fact Provided By Former Employee</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120225032056/http://www.my-tv.us/PackagesListing.aspx?pageid=29">"Products"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.my-tv.us/PackagesListing.aspx?pageid=29">the original</a> on 25 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Products&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.my-tv.us%2FPackagesListing.aspx%3Fpageid%3D29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrbit+Communications+Company" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newlywedindubai.com/year2/2008/04/where-hell-is-orbit-espn.html">"Newlywed in Dubai - Year 2: Where the Hell is Orbit ESPN?!?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Newlywed+in+Dubai+-+Year+2%3A+Where+the+Hell+is+Orbit+ESPN%3F%21%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewlywedindubai.com%2Fyear2%2F2008%2F04%2Fwhere-hell-is-orbit-espn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrbit+Communications+Company" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ameinfo.com/29104.html">Orbit and ESPN International renew programming distribution agreement</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080415081545/http://www.ameinfo.com/29104.html">Archived</a> 2008-04-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.preddonlee.com/al_jazeera_origins.html">"Al Jazeera's BBC origins"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Al+Jazeera%27s+BBC+origins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.preddonlee.com%2Fal_jazeera_origins.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrbit+Communications+Company" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chiba-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chiba_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chiba_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChiba2012" class="citation journal cs1">Chiba, Yushi (February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025724/http://www.asafas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kias/pdf/kb5_1and2/07chiba.pdf">"A Comparative Study on the Pan-Arab Media Strategies: The Cases of Egypt and Saudi Arabia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies</i>. <b>5</b> (1&2). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asafas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/kias/pdf/kb5_1and2/07chiba.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyoto+Bulletin+of+Islamic+Area+Studies&rft.atitle=A+Comparative+Study+on+the+Pan-Arab+Media+Strategies%3A+The+Cases+of+Egypt+and+Saudi+Arabia&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1%262&rft.date=2012-02&rft.aulast=Chiba&rft.aufirst=Yushi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asafas.kyoto-u.ac.jp%2Fkias%2Fpdf%2Fkb5_1and2%2F07chiba.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrbit+Communications+Company" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbit_Communications_Company&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orbit.net/">Official Site</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171218121841/http://www.orbit.net/">Archived</a> 18 December 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSk7M7fUreQ">1994 Promotion</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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