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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Indledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Somatisk_mutation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Somatisk_mutation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Somatisk mutation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Somatisk_mutation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mutationstyper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mutationstyper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mutationstyper</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mutationstyper-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underafsnit Mutationstyper</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mutationstyper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Substitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Substitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Substitution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Substitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deletion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deletion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Deletion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deletion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Insertion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Insertion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Insertion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Insertion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Duplikation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Duplikation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Duplikation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Duplikation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_henvisninger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_henvisninger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Eksterne henvisninger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_henvisninger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul indholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mutation</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikel på et andet sprog. Tilgængelig på 90 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-90" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">90 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasie" title="Mutasie – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mutasie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A9_(%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1)" title="طفرة (أحياء) – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طفرة (أحياء)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutaci%C3%B3n" title="Mutación – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mutación" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasiya" title="Mutasiya – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mutasiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Мутацыя – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мутацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Мутацыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мутацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мутация – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мутация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="পরিব্যক্তি – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পরিব্যক্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacija" title="Mutacija – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mutacija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutaci%C3%B3" title="Mutació – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mutació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بازدان – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بازدان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutace" title="Mutace – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mutace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation" title="Mutation – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mutation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasyon" title="Mutasyon – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mutasyon" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BE%CE%B7" title="Μετάλλαξη – græsk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μετάλλαξη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="græsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation" title="Mutation – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mutation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacio" title="Mutacio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mutacio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutaci%C3%B3n" title="Mutación – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mutación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutatsioon" title="Mutatsioon – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mutatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutazio" title="Mutazio – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mutazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%B4" title="جهش – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جهش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutaatio" title="Mutaatio – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mutaatio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique" title="Mutation génétique – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mutation génétique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutatsion" title="Mutatsion – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Mutatsion" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3ch%C3%A1n" title="Sóchán – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sóchán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutaci%C3%B3n" title="Mutación – galicisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mutación" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94" title="מוטציה – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוטציה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8" title="उत्परिवर्तन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उत्परिवर्तन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacija" title="Mutacija – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mutacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitasyon" title="Mitasyon – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mitasyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mut%C3%A1ci%C3%B3" title="Mutáció – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mutáció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Մուտացիա – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մուտացիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasi" title="Mutasi – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mutasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutaco" title="Mutaco – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mutaco" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B6kkbreyting" title="Stökkbreyting – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stökkbreyting" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutazione_genetica" title="Mutazione genetica – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mutazione genetica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E7%84%B6%E5%A4%89%E7%95%B0" title="突然変異 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="突然変異" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasi" title="Mutasi – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mutasi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მუტაცია – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მუტაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мутация – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мутация" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8" title="ವ್ಯತ್ಯಯನ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವ್ಯತ್ಯಯನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%8C%EC%97%B0%EB%B3%80%EC%9D%B4" title="돌연변이 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="돌연변이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasyon" title="Mutasyon – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mutasyon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мутация – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мутация" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutatio_genetica" title="Mutatio genetica – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mutatio genetica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacija" title="Mutacija – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mutacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mut%C4%81cija" title="Mutācija – lettisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mutācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Мутација – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мутација" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="ഉൽപരിവർത്തനം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉൽപരിവർത്തനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86" title="Мутац – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мутац" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasi" title="Mutasi – malajisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mutasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%B4" title="جهش – mazenisk" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جهش" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8" title="उत्परिवर्तन – nepalesisk" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="उत्परिवर्तन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutatie_(biologie)" title="Mutatie (biologie) – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mutatie (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasjon" title="Mutasjon – nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mutasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasjon" title="Mutasjon – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mutasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacion_(genetica)" title="Mutacion (genetica) – occitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mutacion (genetica)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foloqa" title="Foloqa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Foloqa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A8" title="ਮਿਊਟੇਸ਼ਨ – punjabisk" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਿਊਟੇਸ਼ਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacja" title="Mutacja – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mutacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%9A%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_(%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A)" title="اوښتون (بیولوجي) – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اوښتون (بیولوجي)" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muta%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Mutação – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mutação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakman_tukuy" title="Wakman tukuy – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wakman tukuy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muta%C8%9Bie_genetic%C4%83" title="Mutație genetică – rumænsk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mutație genetică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumænsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мутация – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мутация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tramutamentu_(canciamentu)" title="Tramutamentu (canciamentu) – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tramutamentu (canciamentu)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacija" title="Mutacija – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mutacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%98%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92" title="ප්‍රවේණික විකෘති – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රවේණික විකෘති" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation" title="Mutation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mutation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mut%C3%A1cia_(genetika)" title="Mutácia (genetika) – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mutácia (genetika)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacija" title="Mutacija – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mutacija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacioni" title="Mutacioni – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mutacioni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutacija" title="Mutacija – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Mutacija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation" title="Mutation – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mutation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="மரபணுத் திரிபு – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மரபணுத் திரிபு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81" title="ఉత్పరివర్తనము – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఉత్పరివర్తనము" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%8C" title="การกลายพันธุ์ – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การกลายพันธุ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasi%C3%BDa" title="Mutasiýa – turkmensk" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Mutasiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasyon" title="Mutasyon – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mutasyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasyon" title="Mutasyon – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mutasyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Мутація – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мутація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%8E%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8E%DB%81" title="طَفرَہ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طَفرَہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutatsiya" title="Mutatsiya – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mutatsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99t_bi%E1%BA%BFn_sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Đột biến sinh học – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đột biến sinh học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutasyon" title="Mutasyon – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mutasyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8F%98" title="突变 – wu-kinesisk" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="突变" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A2" title="מוטאציע – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מוטאציע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8F%98" title="突变 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="突变" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tu%CC%8Dt-pi%C3%A0n" title="Tu̍t-piàn – min-kinesisk" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tu̍t-piàn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E7%AA%81%E8%AE%8A" title="基因突變 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="基因突變" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q42918#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigér sproglinks" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="da" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png/220px-Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png/330px-Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png/440px-Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png 2x" data-file-width="1131" data-file-height="1566" /></a><figcaption>Et eksempel på den molekylære forbindelse mellem <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> og et mutagen (benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene, der findes i tobaksrøg)</figcaption></figure> <p>En <b>mutation</b> er en ændring i en <a href="/wiki/Celle_(biologi)" title="Celle (biologi)">celles</a> <a href="/wiki/Arvemateriale" class="mw-redirect" title="Arvemateriale">arvemateriale</a> (<a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>). Mutationer kan have mange årsager, som kaldes <a href="/wiki/Mutagen" title="Mutagen">mutagener</a>, og indgår som en brik i evolutionen. En mutation kan både være en fordel og en ulempe for individet. I tilfælde, hvor mutationen er en fordel, vil den ofte føre til at overlevelsen af det muterede individs efterkommere, har større overlevelse end originalformen (se <a href="/wiki/Naturlig_selektion" title="Naturlig selektion">naturlig selektion</a>), dette kan føre til fremkomst af nye arter. Hvor mutationen er en ulempe, vil individet have mindre afkom og mutationen vil i mange tilfælde uddø. </p><p>Der findes en række forskellige <a href="/wiki/Genetisk_variation" title="Genetisk variation">variationer</a>, der kan forekomme i <a href="/wiki/Kromosom" title="Kromosom">kromosomerne</a>. Der er tale om mutationer i kromosomerne, der kan have en synlig/mærkbar effekt, men også småmutationer, der ikke nødvendigvis ændrer noget ved det pågældende individ. De værste mutationer er de letale mutationer, der er mutationer som fører til død. Dette kan både være mutationer, der sker så tidligt i fosterstadiet at barnet ikke bliver født, men også mutationer, der fører til en dødelig sygdom. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Somatisk_mutation">Somatisk mutation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Somatisk mutation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Somatisk mutation"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Når mutationer opstår i kroppens celler, kaldes det for somatiske mutationer. Sådan en mutation kan ikke nedarves, men kan give anledning til en <a href="/wiki/Klon" title="Klon">klon</a> af celler. Normalt har menneskekroppen kraftige reparationsmekanismer der hindrer at kroppen bliver til en cellemosaik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mutationstyper">Mutationstyper</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: Mutationstyper" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Mutationstyper"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Der findes mange typer af mutationer, derfor inddeles de alt efter hvad ændringen er i DNA’et. Disse ændringer kan variere fra enkelte ændringer i <a href="/wiki/Nukleinsyre" title="Nukleinsyre">nukleinsyre</a> til duplikationer af store stykker DNA. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Substitution">Substitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Substitution" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Substitution"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En nukleinsyre erstattes med en anden nukleinsyre. Dette kan resultere i <a href="/wiki/Nonsensmutation" title="Nonsensmutation">nonsensmutation</a>, tavs mutation eller en <a href="/wiki/Missense-mutation" title="Missense-mutation">missense-mutation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deletion">Deletion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigér afsnit: Deletion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Deletion"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Et stykke DNA slettes, dette stykke kan være én eller flere nukleinsyrer. Som DNA koder i tripletter (se <a href="/wiki/Codon" title="Codon">codon</a>) kan en deletion hvori et antal af nukleinsyrer der ikke er et multipla af tre <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (3,6,9,12,...)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>9</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>12</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (3,6,9,12,...)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8fd7b5a0658a09924cbe90de715b004c2e07e5ca" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:14.859ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (3,6,9,12,...)}"></span> resultere i en <a href="/wiki/Frameshift-mutation" title="Frameshift-mutation">frameshift-mutation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Insertion">Insertion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigér afsnit: Insertion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Insertion"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Et indsat DNA-stykke, der omfatter fire basepar, forsyldes hele læserammen for den efterfølgende del af genet, når det indsatte DNA-stykke består af et antal nuleotider, der er ikke deleligt med tre. Denne type mutation kaldes derfor en <a href="/wiki/Frameshift-mutation" title="Frameshift-mutation">frameshift-mutation</a>, som skylder Tay Sach's sygdom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duplikation">Duplikation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigér afsnit: Duplikation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Duplikation"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Et stykke DNA bliver kopieret en eller flere gange, hvilket kan ændre funktionen af proteinet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigér afsnit: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Se også"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BRCA-mutation" title="BRCA-mutation">BRCA-mutation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cystisk_fibrose" title="Cystisk fibrose">Cystisk fibrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Det_molekyl%C3%A6re_ur" title="Det molekylære ur">Det molekylære ur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downs_syndrom" title="Downs syndrom">Downs syndrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenylketonuri" title="Fenylketonuri">Fenylketonuri eller Føllings sygdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genom" class="mw-redirect" title="Genom">Genom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntingtons_sygdom" title="Huntingtons sygdom">Huntingtons sygdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A6ft" title="Kræft">Kræft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onkogen" title="Onkogen">Onkogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike" class="mw-redirect" title="Spike">Spike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PolyQ-tragt" title="PolyQ-tragt">Trinukleotidekspansion</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_henvisninger">Eksterne henvisninger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigér afsnit: Eksterne henvisninger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutation&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne henvisninger"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox sisterproject"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50px; height:67px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/75px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/100px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Forside" class="extiw" title="commons:Forside">Wikimedia Commons</a> har medier relateret til: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"> <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mutations" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mutations">Mutation</a></b></i></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evolution.dk/evolution/biologisk-evolution/variation/tab-og-vind/">Spontane mutationer, Evolution.dk</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://videnskab.dk/miljo-naturvidenskab/tre-mutationer-der-aendrede-mennesket">Mutationer der ændrede mennesket, Videnskab.dk</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biotechacademy.dk/undervisningsprojekter/darwin/Teori/Evolution.aspx">Evolution blandt bakterier. Biotech Academy</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090423044850/http://www.biotechacademy.dk/undervisningsprojekter/darwin/Teori/Evolution.aspx">Arkiveret</a> 23. april 2009 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/vi-mister-kontrol-over-vores-dna-som-55-arige">Vi mister kontrol over vores DNA som 55-årige. Videnskab.dk</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://videnskab.dk/miljo-naturvidenskab/gorillaens-genom-giver-ny-viden-om-menneskets-udvikling">Gorillaens genom giver ny viden om menneskets udvikling. Videnskab.dk</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://videnskab.dk/krop-sundhed/dansker-gen-giver-tre-gange-storre-risiko-hjernemalaria">Dansker-gen giver tre gange større risiko for hjernemalaria. 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