CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: thermal neutrons</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: thermal neutrons"> <meta name="keywords" content="thermal neutrons"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="thermal neutrons" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="thermal neutrons"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3575</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: thermal neutrons</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3575</span> A Theoretical Study of Accelerating Neutrons in LINAC Using Magnetic Gradient Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chunduru%20Amareswara%20Prasad">Chunduru Amareswara Prasad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main aim of this proposal it to reveal the secrets of the universe by accelerating neutrons. The proposal idea in its abridged version speaks about the possibility of making neutrons accelerate with help of thermal energy and magnetic energy under controlled conditions. Which is helpful in revealing the hidden secrets of the universe namely dark energy and in finding properties of Higgs boson. The paper mainly speaks about accelerating neutrons to near velocity of light in a LINAC, using magnetic energy by magnetic pressurizers. The center of mass energy of two colliding neutron beams is 94 GeV (~0.5c) can be achieved using this method. The conventional ways to accelerate neutrons has some constraints in accelerating them electromagnetically as they need to be separated from the Tritium or Deuterium nuclei. This magnetic gradient method provides efficient and simple way to accelerate neutrons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron" title="neutron">neutron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceleration" title=" acceleration"> acceleration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20energy" title=" thermal energy"> thermal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20energy" title=" magnetic energy"> magnetic energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Higgs%20boson" title=" Higgs boson"> Higgs boson</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47270/a-theoretical-study-of-accelerating-neutrons-in-linac-using-magnetic-gradient-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3574</span> The BNCT Project Using the Cf-252 Source: Monte Carlo Simulations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marta%20B%C5%82a%C5%BCkiewicz-Mazurek">Marta Błażkiewicz-Mazurek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Konefa%C5%82"> Adam Konefał</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The project can be divided into three main parts: i. modeling the Cf-252 neutron source and conducting an experiment to verify the correctness of the obtained results, ii. design of the BNCT system infrastructure, iii. analysis of the results from the logical detector. Modeling of the Cf-252 source included designing the shape and size of the source as well as the energy and spatial distribution of emitted neutrons. Two options were considered: a point source and a cylindrical spatial source. The energy distribution corresponded to various spectra taken from specialized literature. Directionally isotropic neutron emission was simulated. The simulation results were compared with experimental values determined using the activation detector method using indium foils and cadmium shields. The relative fluence rate of thermal and resonance neutrons was compared in the chosen places in the vicinity of the source. The second part of the project related to the modeling of the BNCT infrastructure consisted of developing a simulation program taking into account all the essential components of this system. Materials with moderating, absorbing, and backscattering properties of neutrons were adopted into the project. Additionally, a gamma radiation filter was introduced into the beam output system. The analysis of the simulation results obtained using a logical detector located at the beam exit from the BNCT infrastructure included neutron energy and their spatial distribution. Optimization of the system involved changing the size and materials of the system to obtain a suitable collimated beam of thermal neutrons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BNCT" title="BNCT">BNCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo" title=" Monte Carlo"> Monte Carlo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutrons" title=" neutrons"> neutrons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188739/the-bnct-project-using-the-cf-252-source-monte-carlo-simulations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3573</span> Thermal Neutron Detection Efficiency as a Function of Film Thickness for Front and Back Irradiation Detector Devices Coated with ¹⁰B, ⁶LiF, and Pure Li Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vedant%20Subhash">Vedant Subhash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the physics of the detection of thermal neutrons using thin-film coated semiconductor detectors. The thermal neutron detection efficiency as a function of film thickness is calculated for the front and back irradiation detector devices coated with ¹⁰B, ⁶LiF, and pure Li thin films. The detection efficiency for back irradiation devices is 4.15% that is slightly higher than that for front irradiation detectors, 4.0% for ¹⁰B films of thickness 2.4μm. The theoretically calculated thermal neutron detection efficiency using ¹⁰B film thickness of 1.1 μm for the back irradiation device is 3.0367%, which has an offset of 0.0367% from the experimental value of 3.0%. The detection efficiency values are compared and proved consistent with the given calculations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection%20efficiency" title="detection efficiency">detection efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20detection" title=" neutron detection"> neutron detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor%20detectors" title=" semiconductor detectors"> semiconductor detectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons" title=" thermal neutrons"> thermal neutrons</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133906/thermal-neutron-detection-efficiency-as-a-function-of-film-thickness-for-front-and-back-irradiation-detector-devices-coated-with-1b-6lif-and-pure-li-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3572</span> Testing Ammonia Borane for Multilayer Aprons in Nuclear Medicine as a Promising Non-toxic, Lightweight, Hydrogen Rich Material and to Enhance the Efficiency of Aprons for Workers Who Deal with Neutrons Radiation in Nuclear Medicine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wed%20Othman%20Alghamdi">Wed Othman Alghamdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study aims to find a non-toxic, low density, hydrogen-rich material that can be used in aprons without causing health issues for nuclear medical workers that could hinder their work and negatively affect patients. Five samples were tested in terms of fast neutron removal cross-section(C21H25ClO5, C2H4, LiH,H3NBH3,MgH2) mathematically using computer program called Phy-x/PSD it is a computer program designed to calculate the fast neutron removal cross section, and it was obtained that ammonia borane (𝐻3𝑁𝐵𝐻3) with a density of 0.78 (g/ cm3) ,And it containment of the three most important elements that play a major role in protection shields, which are (hydrogen, boron, nitrogen), Hydrogen works as a moderator that slows neutrons and turn them into thermal neutrons, boron and nitrogen both have the largest neutron absorption cross section. Ammonia borane has the highest fast neutron removal cross-section with the value of (0.122959317985393cm-1) and the least for polyethylene (𝐶2𝐻4) with the value of (0.0838038707225853 cm-1) which made the ammonia borane a better candidate than polyethylene and other compounds that have been tasted in previous research for multi-layer aprons in nuclear medicine, and may approve a proper protection against the hazard radiations that its produced in nuclear medicine filed by several ways, due to it is low density and non-toxicity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aprons" title="aprons">aprons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title=" radiation"> radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-toxic" title=" non-toxic"> non-toxic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20medicine" title=" nuclear medicine"> nuclear medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutrons" title=" neutrons"> neutrons</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180571/testing-ammonia-borane-for-multilayer-aprons-in-nuclear-medicine-as-a-promising-non-toxic-lightweight-hydrogen-rich-material-and-to-enhance-the-efficiency-of-aprons-for-workers-who-deal-with-neutrons-radiation-in-nuclear-medicine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3571</span> Simulation Study of Multiple-Thick Gas Electron Multiplier-Based Microdosimeters for Fast Neutron Measurements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Moslehi">Amir Moslehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gholamreza%20Raisali"> Gholamreza Raisali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microdosimetric detectors based on multiple-thick gas electron multiplier (multiple-THGEM) configurations are being used in various fields of radiation protection and dosimetry. In the present work, microdosimetric response of these detectors to fast neutrons has been investigated by Monte Carlo method. Three similar microdosimeters made of A-150 and rexolite as the wall materials are designed; the first based on single-THGEM, the second based on double-THGEM and the third is based on triple-THGEM. Sensitive volume of the three microdosimeters is a right cylinder of 5 mm height and diameter which is filled with the propane-based tissue-equivalent (TE) gas. The TE gas with 0.11 atm pressure at the room temperature simulates 1 µm of tissue. Lineal energy distributions for several neutron energies from 10 keV to 14 MeV including 241Am-Be neutrons are calculated by the Geant4 simulation toolkit. Also, mean quality factor and dose-equivalent value for any neutron energy has been determined by these distributions. Obtained data derived from the three microdosimeters are in agreement. Therefore, we conclude that the multiple-THGEM structures present similar microdosimetric responses to fast neutrons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast%20neutrons" title="fast neutrons">fast neutrons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geant4" title=" geant4"> geant4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-thick%20gas%20electron%20multiplier" title=" multiple-thick gas electron multiplier"> multiple-thick gas electron multiplier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microdosimeter" title=" microdosimeter"> microdosimeter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39231/simulation-study-of-multiple-thick-gas-electron-multiplier-based-microdosimeters-for-fast-neutron-measurements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3570</span> MONDO Neutron Tracker Characterisation by Means of Proton Therapeutical Beams and MonteCarlo Simulation Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Traini">G. Traini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Giacometti"> V. Giacometti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Mirabelli"> R. Mirabelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Patera"> V. Patera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Pinci"> D. Pinci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sarti"> A. Sarti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sciubba"> A. Sciubba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Marafini"> M. Marafini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The MONDO (MOnitor for Neutron Dose in hadrOntherapy) project aims a precise characterisation of the secondary fast and ultrafast neutrons produced in particle therapy treatments. The detector is composed of a matrix of scintillating fibres (250 um) readout by CMOS Digital-SPAD based sensors. Recoil protons from n-p elastic scattering are detected and used to track neutrons. A prototype was tested with proton beams (Trento Proton Therapy Centre): efficiency, light yield, and track-reconstruction capability were studied. The results of a MonteCarlo FLUKA simulation used to evaluated double scattering efficiency and expected backgrounds will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20neutrons" title="secondary neutrons">secondary neutrons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20therapy" title=" particle therapy"> particle therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tracking" title=" tracking"> tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20scattering" title=" elastic scattering"> elastic scattering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73773/mondo-neutron-tracker-characterisation-by-means-of-proton-therapeutical-beams-and-montecarlo-simulation-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3569</span> Evaluation of the Photo Neutron Contamination inside and outside of Treatment Room for High Energy Elekta Synergy® Linear Accelerator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharib%20Ahmed">Sharib Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansoor%20Rafi"> Mansoor Rafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamran%20Ali%20Awan"> Kamran Ali Awan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faraz%20Khaskhali"> Faraz Khaskhali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Maqbool"> Amir Maqbool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Altaf%20Hashmi"> Altaf Hashmi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical linear accelerators (LINAC’s) used in radiotherapy treatments produce undesired neutrons when they are operated at energies above 8 MeV, both in electron and photon configuration. Neutrons are produced by high-energy photons and electrons through electronuclear (e, n) a photonuclear giant dipole resonance (GDR) reactions. These reactions occurs when incoming photon or electron incident through the various materials of target, flattening filter, collimators, and other shielding components in LINAC’s structure. These neutrons may reach directly to the patient, or they may interact with the surrounding materials until they become thermalized. A work has been set up to study the effect of different parameter on the production of neutron around the room by photonuclear reactions induced by photons above ~8 MeV. One of the commercial available neutron detector (Ludlum Model 42-31H Neutron Detector) is used for the detection of thermal and fast neutrons (0.025 eV to approximately 12 MeV) inside and outside of the treatment room. Measurements were performed for different field sizes at 100 cm source to surface distance (SSD) of detector, at different distances from the isocenter and at the place of primary and secondary walls. Other measurements were performed at door and treatment console for the potential radiation safety concerns of the therapists who must walk in and out of the room for the treatments. Exposures have taken place from Elekta Synergy® linear accelerators for two different energies (10 MV and 18 MV) for a given 200 MU’s and dose rate of 600 MU per minute. Results indicates that neutron doses at 100 cm SSD depend on accelerator characteristics means jaw settings as jaws are made of high atomic number material so provides significant interaction of photons to produce neutrons, while doses at the place of larger distance from isocenter are strongly influenced by the treatment room geometry and backscattering from the walls cause a greater doses as compare to dose at 100 cm distance from isocenter. In the treatment room the ambient dose equivalent due to photons produced during decay of activation nuclei varies from 4.22 mSv.h−1 to 13.2 mSv.h−1 (at isocenter),6.21 mSv.h−1 to 29.2 mSv.h−1 (primary wall) and 8.73 mSv.h−1 to 37.2 mSv.h−1 (secondary wall) for 10 and 18 MV respectively. The ambient dose equivalent for neutrons at door is 5 μSv.h−1 to 2 μSv.h−1 while at treatment console room it is 2 μSv.h−1 to 0 μSv.h−1 for 10 and 18 MV respectively which shows that a 2 m thick and 5m longer concrete maze provides sufficient shielding for neutron at door as well as at treatment console for 10 and 18 MV photons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalent%20doses" title="equivalent doses">equivalent doses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20contamination" title=" neutron contamination"> neutron contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20detector" title=" neutron detector"> neutron detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photon%20energy" title=" photon energy "> photon energy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23969/evaluation-of-the-photo-neutron-contamination-inside-and-outside-of-treatment-room-for-high-energy-elekta-synergy-linear-accelerator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3568</span> Modification of Electrical and Switching Characteristics of a Non Punch-Through Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor by Gamma Irradiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hani%20Baek">Hani Baek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwang%20Min%20Sun"> Gwang Min Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chansun%20Shin"> Chansun Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung%20Ho%20Ahn"> Sung Ho Ahn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fast neutron irradiation using nuclear reactors is an effective method to improve switching loss and short circuit durability of power semiconductor (insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) and insulated gate transistors (IGT), etc.). However, not only fast neutrons but also thermal neutrons, epithermal neutrons and gamma exist in the nuclear reactor. And the electrical properties of the IGBT may be deteriorated by the irradiation of gamma. Gamma irradiation damages are known to be caused by Total Ionizing Dose (TID) effect and Single Event Effect (SEE), Displacement Damage. Especially, the TID effect deteriorated the electrical properties such as leakage current and threshold voltage of a power semiconductor. This work can confirm the effect of the gamma irradiation on the electrical properties of 600 V NPT-IGBT. Irradiation of gamma forms lattice defects in the gate oxide and Si-SiO<sub>2</sub> interface of the IGBT. It was confirmed that this lattice defect acts on the center of the trap and affects the threshold voltage, thereby negatively shifted the threshold voltage according to TID. In addition to the change in the carrier mobility, the conductivity modulation decreases in the n-drift region, indicating a negative influence that the forward voltage drop decreases. The turn-off delay time of the device before irradiation was 212 ns. Those of 2.5, 10, 30, 70 and 100 kRad(Si) were 225, 258, 311, 328, and 350 ns, respectively. The gamma irradiation increased the turn-off delay time of the IGBT by approximately 65%, and the switching characteristics deteriorated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NPT-IGBT" title="NPT-IGBT">NPT-IGBT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamma%20irradiation" title=" gamma irradiation"> gamma irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switching" title=" switching"> switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turn-off%20delay%20time" title=" turn-off delay time"> turn-off delay time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recombination" title=" recombination"> recombination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trap%20center" title=" trap center"> trap center</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93282/modification-of-electrical-and-switching-characteristics-of-a-non-punch-through-insulated-gate-bipolar-transistor-by-gamma-irradiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3567</span> Production of Neutrons by High Intensity Picosecond Laser Interacting with Thick Solid Target at XingGuangIII</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xi%20Yuan">Xi Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuebin%20Zhu"> Xuebin Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bojun%20Li"> Bojun Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work describes the experiment to produce high-intensity pulsed neutron beams on XingGuangIII laser facility. The high-intensity laser is utilized to drive protons and deuterons, which hit a thick solid target to produce neutrons. The pulse duration of the laser used in the experiment is about 0.8 ps, and the laser energy is around 100 J. Protons and deuterons are accelerated from a 10-μm-thick deuterated polyethylene (CD₂) foil and diagnosed by a Thomson parabola ion-spectrometer. The energy spectrum of neutrons generated via ⁷Li(d,n) and ⁷Li(p,n) reaction when proton and deuteron beams hit a 5-mm-thick LiF target is measured by a scintillator-based time-of-flight spectrometer. Results from the neuron measurements show that the maximum neutron energy is about 12.5 MeV and the neutron yield is up to 2×10⁹/pulse. The high-intensity pulsed neutron beams demonstrated in this work can provide a valuable neutron source for material research, fast neutron induced fission research, and so on. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=picosecond%20laser%20driven" title="picosecond laser driven">picosecond laser driven</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast%20neutron" title=" fast neutron"> fast neutron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time-of-flight%20spectrometry" title=" time-of-flight spectrometry"> time-of-flight spectrometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XinggungIII" title=" XinggungIII"> XinggungIII</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92159/production-of-neutrons-by-high-intensity-picosecond-laser-interacting-with-thick-solid-target-at-xingguangiii" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3566</span> Design and Thermal Simulation Analysis of the Chinese Accelerator Driven Sub-Critical System Injector-I Cryomodule</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui-Xiong%20Han">Rui-Xiong Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Ge"> Rui Ge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shao-Peng%20Li"> Shao-Peng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Bian"> Lin Bian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liang-Rui%20Sun"> Liang-Rui Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Jing%20Sang"> Min-Jing Sang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rui%20Ye"> Rui Ye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Ping%20Liu"> Ya-Ping Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiang-Zhen%20Zhang"> Xiang-Zhen Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie-Hao%20Zhang"> Jie-Hao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhuo%20Zhang"> Zhuo Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian-Qing%20Zhang"> Jian-Qing Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miao-Fu%20Xu"> Miao-Fu Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Chinese Accelerator Driven Sub-critical system (C-ADS) uses a high-energy proton beam to bombard the metal target and generate neutrons to deal with the nuclear waste. The Chinese ADS proton linear has two 0~10 MeV injectors and one 10~1500 MeV superconducting linac. Injector-I is studied by the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) under construction in the Beijing, China. The linear accelerator consists of two accelerating cryomodules operating at the temperature of 2 Kelvin. This paper describes the structure and thermal performances analysis of the cryomodule. The analysis takes into account all the main contributors (support posts, multilayer insulation, current leads, power couplers, and cavities) to the static and dynamic heat load at various cryogenic temperature levels. The thermal simulation analysis of the cryomodule is important theory foundation of optimization and commissioning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-ADS" title="C-ADS">C-ADS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryomodule" title=" cryomodule"> cryomodule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure" title=" structure"> structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20simulation" title=" thermal simulation"> thermal simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20heat%20load" title=" static heat load"> static heat load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20heat%20load" title=" dynamic heat load"> dynamic heat load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75463/design-and-thermal-simulation-analysis-of-the-chinese-accelerator-driven-sub-critical-system-injector-i-cryomodule" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3565</span> Neutronic Calculations for Central Test Loop in Heavy Water Research Reactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadi%20Shamoradifar">Hadi Shamoradifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Teimuri"> Behzad Teimuri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parviz%20Parvaresh"> Parviz Parvaresh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Mohammadi"> Saeed Mohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the experimental facilities of the heavy water research reactor is the central test loop (C.T.L). It is located along the central axial line of the vessel, and therefore will highly affect the neutronic parameters of the reactor, so from the neutronics point of view, C.T.L is the most important facility. It is mainly designed for fuel testing, thought other applications such as radioisotope production and neutron activation, can be imagine for it. All of the simulations were performed by MCNPX2.6. As a first step towards C.T.L analysis, the effect of D2O-filled, H2O-filled, and He-filled C.T.L on the effective multiplication factor (Keff.), have been evaluated. According to results, H2O-filled C.T.L has a higher thermal neutron, while He-filled C.T.L includes more resonance neutrons. In the next step thermal and total axial neutron fluxes, were calculated and used as the comparison parameters. The core without C.T.L (C.T.L replaced by heavy water) is selected as the reference case, and the effect of all other cases is calculated according to that. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20water%20reactor" title="heavy water reactor">heavy water reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutronic%20calculations" title=" neutronic calculations"> neutronic calculations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20test%20loop" title=" central test loop"> central test loop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20activation" title=" neutron activation"> neutron activation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64952/neutronic-calculations-for-central-test-loop-in-heavy-water-research-reactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3564</span> A Multipurpose Inertial Electrostatic Magnetic Confinement Fusion for Medical Isotopes Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20R.%20Shaban">Yasser R. Shaban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A practical multipurpose device for medical isotopes production is most wanted for clinical centers and researches. Unfortunately, the major supply of these radioisotopes currently comes from aging sources, and there is a great deal of uneasiness in the domestic market. There are also many cases where the cost of certain radioisotopes is too high for their introduction on a commercial scale even though the isotopes might have great benefits for society. The medical isotopes such as radiotracers PET (Positron Emission Tomography), Technetium-99 m, and Iodine-131, Lutetium-177 by is feasible to be generated by a single unit named IEMC (Inertial Electrostatic Magnetic Confinement). The IEMC fusion vessel is the upgrading unit of the Inertial Electrostatic Confinement IEC fusion vessel. Comprehensive experimental works on IEC were carried earlier with promising results. The principle of inertial electrostatic magnetic confinement IEMC fusion is based on forcing the binary fuel ions to interact in the opposite directions in ions cyclotrons orbits with different kinetic energies in order to have equal compression (forces) and with different ion cyclotron frequency ω in order to increase the rate of intersection. The IEMC features greater fusion volume than IEC by several orders of magnitude. The particles rate from the IEMC approach are projected to be 8.5 x 10¹¹ (p/s), ~ 0.2 microampere proton, for D/He-3 fusion reaction and 4.2 x 10¹² (n/s) for D/T fusion reaction. The projected values of particles yield (neutrons and protons) are suitable for medical isotope productions on-site by a single unit without any change in the fusion vessel but only the fuel gas. The PET radiotracers are usually produced on-site by medical ion accelerator whereas Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) is usually produced off-site from the irradiation facilities of nuclear power plants. Typically, hospitals receive molybdenum-99 isotope container; the isotope decays to Tc-99mwith half-life time 2.75 days. Even though the projected current from IEMC is lesser than the proton current from the medical ion accelerator but still the IEMC vessel is simpler, and reduced in components and power consumption which add a new value of populating the PET radiotracers in most clinical centers. On the other hand, the projected neutrons flux from the IEMC is lesser than the thermal neutron flux at the irradiation facilities of nuclear power plants, but in the IEMC case the productions of Technetium-99m is suggested to be at the resonance region of which the resonance integral cross section is two orders of magnitude higher than the thermal flux. Thus it can be said the net activity from both is evened. Besides, the particle accelerator cannot be considered a multipurpose particles production unless a significant change is made to the accelerator to change from neutrons mode to protons mode or vice versa. In conclusion, the projected fusion yield from IEMC is a straightforward since slightly change in the primer IEC and ion source is required. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20versus%20magnetic%20confinement%20fusion%20vessel" title="electrostatic versus magnetic confinement fusion vessel">electrostatic versus magnetic confinement fusion vessel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20source" title=" ion source"> ion source</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20isotopes%20productions" title=" medical isotopes productions"> medical isotopes productions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20activation" title=" neutron activation"> neutron activation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77965/a-multipurpose-inertial-electrostatic-magnetic-confinement-fusion-for-medical-isotopes-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3563</span> Two Major Methods to Control Thermal Resistance of Focus Ring for Process Uniformity Enhance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Uk%20Park">Jin-Uk Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, the semiconductor industry is rapidly demanding complicated structures and mass production. From the point of view of mass production, the ETCH industry is concentrating on maintaining the ER (Etch rate) of the wafer edge constant regardless of changes over time. In this study, two major thermal factors affecting process were identified and controlled. First, the filler of the thermal pad was studied. Second, the significant difference of handling the thermal pad during PM was studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=etcher" title="etcher">etcher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20pad" title=" thermal pad"> thermal pad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wet%20cleaning" title=" wet cleaning"> wet cleaning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143443/two-major-methods-to-control-thermal-resistance-of-focus-ring-for-process-uniformity-enhance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3562</span> Using the Transient Plane Source Method for Measuring Thermal Parameters of Electroceramics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Krupa">Peter Krupa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetoz%C3%A1r%20Malinari%C4%8D"> Svetozár Malinarič</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transient plane source method has been used to measure the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of a compact isostatic electro-ceramics at room temperature. The samples were fired at temperatures from 100 up to 1320 degrees Celsius in steps of 50. Bulk density and specific heat capacity were also measured with their corresponding standard uncertainties. The results were compared with further thermal analysis (dilatometry and thermogravimetry). Structural processes during firing were discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TPS%20method" title="TPS method">TPS method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20diffusivity" title=" thermal diffusivity"> thermal diffusivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20analysis" title=" thermal analysis"> thermal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro-ceramics" title=" electro-ceramics"> electro-ceramics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firing" title=" firing"> firing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8438/using-the-transient-plane-source-method-for-measuring-thermal-parameters-of-electroceramics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3561</span> Radiation Effects and Defects in InAs, InP Compounds and Their Solid Solutions InPxAs1-x</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Kekelidze">N. Kekelidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Kvirkvelia"> B. Kvirkvelia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Khutsishvili"> E. Khutsishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Qamushadze"> T. Qamushadze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Kekelidze"> D. Kekelidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Kobaidze"> R. Kobaidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Chubinishvili"> Z. Chubinishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Qobulashvili"> N. Qobulashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Kekelidze"> G. Kekelidze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> On the basis of InAs, InP and their InP<sub>x</sub>As<sub>1-x</sub> solid solutions, the technologies were developed and materials were created where the electron concentration and optical and thermoelectric properties do not change under the irradiation with <em>Ф </em>= 2∙10<sup>18 </sup>n/cm<sup>2</sup> fluences of fast neutrons high-energy electrons (50 MeV, <em>Ф </em>= 6·10<sup>17 </sup>e/cm<sup>2</sup>) and 3 MeV electrons with fluence <em>Ф </em>= 3∙10<sup>18 </sup>e/cm<sup>2</sup>. The problem of obtaining such material has been solved, in which under hard irradiation the mobility of the electrons does not decrease, but increases. This material is characterized by high thermal stability up to T = 700 °C. The complex process of defects formation has been analyzed and shown that, despite of hard irradiation, the essential properties of investigated materials are mainly determined by point type defects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=InAs" title="InAs">InAs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=InP" title=" InP"> InP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20solutions" title=" solid solutions"> solid solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irradiation" title=" irradiation"> irradiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102935/radiation-effects-and-defects-in-inas-inp-compounds-and-their-solid-solutions-inpxas1-x" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3560</span> Modeling of Cf-252 and PuBe Neutron Sources by Monte Carlo Method in Order to Develop Innovative BNCT Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marta%20B%C5%82a%C5%BCkiewicz">Marta Błażkiewicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Konefa%C5%82"> Adam Konefał</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, boron-neutron therapy is carried out mainly with the use of a neutron beam generated in research nuclear reactors. This fact limits the possibility of realization of a BNCT in centers distant from the above-mentioned reactors. Moreover, the number of active nuclear reactors in operation in the world is decreasing due to the limited lifetime of their operation and the lack of new installations. Therefore, the possibilities of carrying out boron-neutron therapy based on the neutron beam from the experimental reactor are shrinking. However, the use of nuclear power reactors for BNCT purposes is impossible due to the infrastructure not intended for radiotherapy. Therefore, a serious challenge is to find ways to perform boron-neutron therapy based on neutrons generated outside the research nuclear reactor. This work meets this challenge. Its goal is to develop a BNCT technique based on commonly available neutron sources such as Cf-252 and PuBe, which will enable the above-mentioned therapy in medical centers unrelated to nuclear research reactors. Advances in the field of neutron source fabrication make it possible to achieve strong neutron fluxes. The current stage of research focuses on the development of virtual models of the above-mentioned sources using the Monte Carlo simulation method. In this study, the GEANT4 tool was used, including the model for simulating neutron-matter interactions - High Precision Neutron. Models of neutron sources were developed on the basis of experimental verification based on the activation detectors method with the use of indium foil and the cadmium differentiation method allowing to separate the indium activation contribution from thermal and resonance neutrons. Due to the large number of factors affecting the result of the verification experiment, the 10% discrepancy between the simulation and experiment results was accepted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BNCT" title="BNCT">BNCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20models" title=" virtual models"> virtual models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20sources" title=" neutron sources"> neutron sources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monte%20carlo" title=" monte carlo"> monte carlo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GEANT4" title=" GEANT4"> GEANT4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20activation%20detectors" title=" neutron activation detectors"> neutron activation detectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamma%20spectroscopy" title=" gamma spectroscopy"> gamma spectroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143406/modeling-of-cf-252-and-pube-neutron-sources-by-monte-carlo-method-in-order-to-develop-innovative-bnct-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3559</span> Thermal Properties of the Ground in Cyprus and Their Correlations and Effect on the Efficiency of Ground Heat Exchangers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20A.%20Florides">G. A. Florides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Theofanous"> E. Theofanous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Iosif-Stylianou"> I. Iosif-Stylianou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Christodoulides"> P. Christodoulides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kalogirou"> S. Kalogirou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Messarites"> V. Messarites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Zomeni"> Z. Zomeni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Tsiolakis"> E. Tsiolakis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20D.%20Pouloupatis"> P. D. Pouloupatis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20P.%20Panayiotou"> G. P. Panayiotou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ground Coupled Heat Pumps (GCHPs) exploit effectively the heat capacity of the ground, with the use of Ground Heat Exchangers (GHE). Depending on the mode of operation of the GCHPs, GHEs dissipate or absorb heat from the ground. For sizing the GHE the thermal properties of the ground need to be known. This paper gives information about the density, thermal conductivity, specific heat and thermal diffusivity of various lithologies encountered in Cyprus with various relations between these properties being examined through comparison and modeling. The results show that the most important correlation is the one encountered between thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity with both properties showing similar response to the inlet and outlet flow temperature of vertical and horizontal heat exchangers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20heat%20exchangers" title="ground heat exchangers">ground heat exchangers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20thermal%20conductivity" title=" ground thermal conductivity"> ground thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20thermal%20diffusivity" title=" ground thermal diffusivity"> ground thermal diffusivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20thermal%20properties" title=" ground thermal properties"> ground thermal properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2459/thermal-properties-of-the-ground-in-cyprus-and-their-correlations-and-effect-on-the-efficiency-of-ground-heat-exchangers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2459.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3558</span> A Literature Review of the Trend towards Indoor Dynamic Thermal Comfort</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Katungyi">James Katungyi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Steady State thermal comfort model which dominates thermal comfort practice and which posits the ideal thermal conditions in a narrow range of thermal conditions does not deliver the expected comfort levels among occupants. Furthermore, the buildings where this model is applied consume a lot of energy in conditioning. This paper reviews significant literature about thermal comfort in dynamic indoor conditions including the adaptive thermal comfort model and alliesthesia. A major finding of the paper is that the adaptive thermal comfort model is part of a trend from static to dynamic indoor environments in aspects such as lighting, views, sounds and ventilation. Alliesthesia or thermal delight is consistent with this trend towards dynamic thermal conditions. It is within this trend that the two fold goal of increased thermal comfort and reduced energy consumption lies. At the heart of this trend is a rediscovery of the link between the natural environment and human well-being, a link that was partially severed by over-reliance on mechanically dominated artificial indoor environments. The paper concludes by advocating thermal conditioning solutions that integrate mechanical with natural thermal conditioning in a balanced manner in order to meet occupant thermal needs without endangering the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20thermal%20comfort" title="adaptive thermal comfort">adaptive thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alliesthesia" title=" alliesthesia"> alliesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20environment" title=" natural environment"> natural environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93485/a-literature-review-of-the-trend-towards-indoor-dynamic-thermal-comfort" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3557</span> Thermal Analysis of Photovoltaic Integrated Greenhouse Solar Dryer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumit%20Tiwari">Sumit Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohit%20Tripathi"> Rohit Tripathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20N.%20Tiwari"> G. N. Tiwari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present study focused on the utilization of solar energy by the help of photovoltaic greenhouse solar dryer under forced mode. A single slope photovoltaic greenhouse solar dryer has been proposed and thermal modelling has been developed. Various parameters have been calculated by thermal modelling such as greenhouse room temperature, cell temperature, crop temperature and air temperature at exit of greenhouse. Further cell efficiency, thermal efficiency, and overall thermal efficiency have been calculated for a typical day of May and November. It was found that system can generate equivalent thermal energy up to 7.65 kW and 6.66 kW per day for clear day of May and November respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristics%20curve" title="characteristics curve">characteristics curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic" title=" photovoltaic"> photovoltaic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20modelling" title=" thermal modelling"> thermal modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20efficiency" title=" thermal efficiency"> thermal efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36866/thermal-analysis-of-photovoltaic-integrated-greenhouse-solar-dryer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3556</span> Thermal Fatigue Behavior of 400 Series Ferritic Stainless Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Hong%20Min">Seok Hong Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, thermal fatigue properties of 400 series ferritic stainless steels have been evaluated in the temperature ranges of 200-800oC and 200-900oC. Systematic methods for control of temperatures within the predetermined range and measurement of load applied to specimens as a function of temperature during thermal cycles have been established. Thermal fatigue tests were conducted under fully constrained condition, where both ends of specimens were completely fixed. It has been revealed that load relaxation behavior at the temperatures of thermal cycle was closely related with the thermal fatigue property. Thermal fatigue resistance of 430J1L stainless steel is found to be superior to the other steels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferritic%20stainless%20steel" title="ferritic stainless steel">ferritic stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20exhaust" title=" automotive exhaust"> automotive exhaust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20fatigue" title=" thermal fatigue"> thermal fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20relaxation" title=" load relaxation"> load relaxation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44161/thermal-fatigue-behavior-of-400-series-ferritic-stainless-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3555</span> The Implementation of a Numerical Technique to Thermal Design of Fluidized Bed Cooler</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damiaa%20Saad%20Khudor">Damiaa Saad Khudor </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper describes an investigation for the thermal design of a fluidized bed cooler and prediction of heat transfer rate among the media categories. It is devoted to the thermal design of such equipment and their application in the industrial fields. It outlines the strategy for the fluidization heat transfer mode and its implementation in industry. The thermal design for fluidized bed cooler is used to furnish a complete design for a fluidized bed cooler of Sodium Bicarbonate. The total thermal load distribution between the air-solid and water-solid along the cooler is calculated according to the thermal equilibrium. The step by step technique was used to accomplish the thermal design of the fluidized bed cooler. It predicts the load, air, solid and water temperature along the trough. The thermal design for fluidized bed cooler revealed to the installation of a heat exchanger consists of (65) horizontal tubes with (33.4) mm diameter and (4) m length inside the bed trough. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluidization" title="fluidization">fluidization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20technology" title=" powder technology"> powder technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20design" title=" thermal design"> thermal design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchangers" title=" heat exchangers "> heat exchangers </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17881/the-implementation-of-a-numerical-technique-to-thermal-design-of-fluidized-bed-cooler" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">513</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3554</span> Calibration of Mini TEPC and Measurement of Lineal Energy in a Mixed Radiation Field Produced by Neutrons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20C.%20Cho">I. C. Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20H.%20Wen"> W. H. Wen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Y.%20Tsai"> H. Y. Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20C.%20Chao"> T. C. Chao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20J.%20Tung"> C. J. Tung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) is a useful instrument used to measure radiation single-event energy depositions in a subcellular target volume. The quantity of measurements is the microdosimetric lineal energy, which determines the relative biological effectiveness, RBE, for radiation therapy or the radiation-weighting factor, WR, for radiation protection. TEPC is generally used in a mixed radiation field, where each component radiation has its own RBE or WR value. To reduce the pile-up effect during radiotherapy measurements, a miniature TEPC (mini TEPC) with cavity size in the order of 1 mm may be required. In the present work, a homemade mini TEPC with a cylindrical cavity of 1 mm in both the diameter and the height was constructed to measure the lineal energy spectrum of a mixed radiation field with high- and low-LET radiations. Instead of using external radiation beams to penetrate the detector wall, mixed radiation fields were produced by the interactions of neutrons with TEPC walls that contained small plugs of different materials, i.e. Li, B, A150, Cd and N. In all measurements, mini TEPC was placed at the beam port of the Tsing Hua Open-pool Reactor (THOR). Measurements were performed using the propane-based tissue-equivalent gas mixture, i.e. 55% C3H8, 39.6% CO2 and 5.4% N2 by partial pressures. The gas pressure of 422 torr was applied for the simulation of a 1 m diameter biological site. The calibration of mini TEPC was performed using two marking points in the lineal energy spectrum, i.e. proton edge and electron edge. Measured spectra revealed high lineal energy (> 100 keV/m) peaks due to neutron-capture products, medium lineal energy (10 – 100 keV/m) peaks from hydrogen-recoil protons, and low lineal energy (< 10 keV/m) peaks of reactor photons. For cases of Li and B plugs, the high lineal energy peaks were quite prominent. The medium lineal energy peaks were in the decreasing order of Li, Cd, N, A150, and B. The low lineal energy peaks were smaller compared to other peaks. This study demonstrated that internally produced mixed radiations from the interactions of neutrons with different plugs in the TEPC wall provided a useful approach for TEPC measurements of lineal energies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEPC" title="TEPC">TEPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lineal%20energy" title=" lineal energy"> lineal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microdosimetry" title=" microdosimetry"> microdosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20quality" title=" radiation quality"> radiation quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39418/calibration-of-mini-tepc-and-measurement-of-lineal-energy-in-a-mixed-radiation-field-produced-by-neutrons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3553</span> An Attempt to Improve Student´s Understanding on Thermal Conductivity Using Thermal Cameras</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20Faria%20Brito%20Francisquini">Mariana Faria Brito Francisquini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many thermal phenomena are present and play a substantial role in our daily lives. This presence makes the study of this area at both High School and University levels a very widely explored topic in the literature. However, a lot of important concepts to a meaningful understanding of the world are neglected at the expense of a traditional approach with senseless algebraic problems. In this work, we intend to show how the introduction of new technologies in the classroom, namely thermal cameras, can work in our favor to make a clearer understanding of many of these concepts, such as thermal conductivity. The use of thermal cameras in the classroom tends to diminish the everlasting abstractness in thermal phenomena as they enable us to visualize something that happens right before our eyes, yet we cannot see it. In our study, we will provide the same amount of heat to metallic cylindrical rods of the same length, but different materials in order to study the thermal conductivity of each one. In this sense, the thermal camera allows us to visualize the increase in temperature along each rod in real time enabling us to infer how heat is being transferred from one part of the rod to another. Therefore, we intend to show how this approach can contribute to the exposure of students to more enriching, intellectually prolific, scenarios than those provided by traditional approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20physics" title="teaching physics">teaching physics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cameras" title=" thermal cameras"> thermal cameras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20physics" title=" thermal physics"> thermal physics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52305/an-attempt-to-improve-students-understanding-on-thermal-conductivity-using-thermal-cameras" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3552</span> Thermal Stability and Insulation of a Cement Mixture Using Graphene Oxide Nanosheets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20A.%20M.%20Habib">Nasser A. M. Habib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The impressive physical properties of graphene derivatives, including thermal properties, have made them an attractive addition to advanced construction nanomaterial. In this study, we investigated the impact of incorporating low amounts of graphene oxide (GO) into cement mixture nanocomposites on their heat storage and thermal stability. The composites were analyzed using Fourier transmission infrared, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that GO significantly improved specific heat by 32%, reduced thermal conductivity by 16%, and reduced thermal decomposition to only 3% at a concentration of 1.2 wt%. These findings suggest that the cement mixture can withstand high temperatures and may suit specific applications requiring thermal stability and insulation properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement%20mixture%20composite" title="cement mixture composite">cement mixture composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20oxide" title=" graphene oxide"> graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20decomposition" title=" thermal decomposition"> thermal decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180566/thermal-stability-and-insulation-of-a-cement-mixture-using-graphene-oxide-nanosheets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180566.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3551</span> Field Study for Evaluating Winter Thermal Performance of Auckland School Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bin%20Su">Bin Su</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Auckland has a temperate climate with comfortable warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters. An Auckland school normally does not need air conditioning for cooling during the summer and only needs heating during the winter. The Auckland school building thermal design should more focus on winter thermal performance and indoor thermal comfort for energy efficiency. This field study of testing indoor and outdoor air temperatures, relative humidity and indoor surface temperatures of three classrooms with different envelopes were carried out in the Avondale College during the winter months in 2013. According to the field study data, this study is to compare and evaluate winter thermal performance and indoor thermal conditions of school buildings with different envelopes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20envelope" title="building envelope">building envelope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20mass%20effect" title=" building mass effect"> building mass effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20thermal%20comfort" title=" building thermal comfort"> building thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20thermal%20performance" title=" building thermal performance"> building thermal performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20building" title=" school building "> school building </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18103/field-study-for-evaluating-winter-thermal-performance-of-auckland-school-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3550</span> Thermal Fatigue Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Ho%20Moon">Jung-Ho Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Continually increasing working temperature and growing need for greater efficiency and reliability of automotive exhaust require systematic investigation into the thermal fatigue properties especially of high temperature stainless steels. In this study, thermal fatigue properties of 300 series austenitic stainless steels have been evaluated in the temperature ranges of 200-800°C and 200-900°C. Systematic methods for control of temperatures within the predetermined range and measurement of load applied to specimens as a function of temperature during thermal cycles have been established. Thermal fatigue tests were conducted under fully constrained condition, where both ends of specimens were completely fixed. Load relaxation behavior at the temperatures of thermal cycle was closely related with the thermal fatigue property. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=austenitic%20stainless%20steel" title="austenitic stainless steel">austenitic stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20exhaust" title=" automotive exhaust"> automotive exhaust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20fatigue" title=" thermal fatigue"> thermal fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20relaxation" title=" load relaxation"> load relaxation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9692/thermal-fatigue-behavior-of-austenitic-stainless-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3549</span> Total Thermal Resistance of Graphene-Oxide-Substrate Stack: Role of Interfacial Thermal Resistance in Heat Flow of 2D Material Based Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roisul%20H.%20Galib">Roisul H. Galib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prabhakar%20R.%20Bandaru"> Prabhakar R. Bandaru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2D material based device, an interface between 2D materials and substrates often limits the heat flow through the device. In this paper, we quantify the total thermal resistance of a graphene-based device by series resistance model and show that the thermal resistance at the interface of graphene and substrate contributes to more than 50% of the total resistance. Weak Van der Waals interactions at the interface and dissimilar phonon vibrational modes create this thermal resistance, allowing less heat to flow across the interface. We compare our results with commonly used materials and interfaces, demonstrating the role of the interface as a potential application for heat guide or block in a 2D material-based device. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2D%20material" title="2D material">2D material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title=" graphene"> graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductance" title=" thermal conductance"> thermal conductance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20resistance" title=" thermal resistance"> thermal resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150149/total-thermal-resistance-of-graphene-oxide-substrate-stack-role-of-interfacial-thermal-resistance-in-heat-flow-of-2d-material-based-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3548</span> Simulation of Hydrogenated Boron Nitride Nanotube’s Mechanical Properties for Radiation Shielding Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20E.%20Estevez">Joseph E. Estevez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Ghazizadeh"> Mahdi Ghazizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20G.%20Ryan"> James G. Ryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajit%20D.%20Kelkar"> Ajit D. Kelkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiation shielding is an obstacle in long duration space exploration. Boron Nitride Nanotubes (BNNTs) have attracted attention as an additive to radiation shielding material due to B10’s large neutron capture cross section. The B10 has an effective neutron capture cross section suitable for low energy neutrons ranging from 10-5 to 104 eV and hydrogen is effective at slowing down high energy neutrons. Hydrogenated BNNTs are potentially an ideal nanofiller for radiation shielding composites. We use Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulation via Material Studios Accelrys 6.0 to model the Young’s Modulus of Hydrogenated BNNTs. An extrapolation technique was employed to determine the Young’s Modulus due to the deformation of the nanostructure at its theoretical density. A linear regression was used to extrapolate the data to the theoretical density of 2.62g/cm3. Simulation data shows that the hydrogenated BNNTs will experience a 11% decrease in the Young’s Modulus for (6,6) BNNTs and 8.5% decrease for (8,8) BNNTs compared to non-hydrogenated BNNT’s. Hydrogenated BNNTs are a viable option as a nanofiller for radiation shielding nanocomposite materials for long range and long duration space exploration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boron%20nitride%20nanotube" title="boron nitride nanotube">boron nitride nanotube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20shielding" title=" radiation shielding"> radiation shielding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=young%20modulus" title=" young modulus"> young modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomistic%20modeling" title=" atomistic modeling"> atomistic modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1517/simulation-of-hydrogenated-boron-nitride-nanotubes-mechanical-properties-for-radiation-shielding-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3547</span> Study of Hydrothermal Behavior of Thermal Insulating Materials Based on Natural Fibers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Zach">J. Zach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Hroudova"> J. Hroudova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Brozovsky"> J. Brozovsky </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal insulation materials based on natural fibers represent a very promising area of materials based on natural easy renewable row sources. These materials may be in terms of the properties of most competing synthetic insulations, but show somewhat higher moisture sensitivity and thermal insulation properties are strongly influenced by the density and orientation of fibers. The paper described the problem of hygrothermal behavior of thermal insulation materials based on natural plant and animal fibers. This is especially the dependence of the thermal properties of these materials on the type of fiber, bulk density, temperature, moisture and the fiber orientation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20insulating%20materials" title="thermal insulating materials">thermal insulating materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemp%20fibers" title=" hemp fibers"> hemp fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sheep%20wool%20fibers" title=" sheep wool fibers"> sheep wool fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture" title=" moisture"> moisture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12473/study-of-hydrothermal-behavior-of-thermal-insulating-materials-based-on-natural-fibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3546</span> Thermal Network Model for a Large Scale AC Induction Motor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sushil%20Kumar">Sushil Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Dakshina%20Murty"> M. Dakshina Murty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermal network modelling has proven to be important tool for thermal analysis of electrical machine. This article investigates numerical thermal network model and experimental performance of a large-scale AC motor. Experimental temperatures were measured using RTD in the stator which have been compared with the numerical data. Thermal network modelling fairly predicts the temperature of various components inside the large-scale AC motor. Results of stator winding temperature is compared with experimental results which are in close agreement with accuracy of 6-10%. This method of predicting hot spots within AC motors can be readily used by the motor designers for estimating the thermal hot spots of the machine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AC%20motor" title="AC motor">AC motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20network" title=" thermal network"> thermal network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84284/thermal-network-model-for-a-large-scale-ac-induction-motor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=119">119</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=120">120</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20neutrons&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>