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<li id="toc-Self-government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Self-government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Self-government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Self-government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-End_of_transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#End_of_transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>End of transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-End_of_transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Growth_of_Tasmania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Growth_of_Tasmania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Growth of Tasmania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Growth_of_Tasmania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Colony of Tasmania</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koloni_Tasmania" title="Koloni Tasmania – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Koloni Tasmania" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Col%C3%B4nia_da_Tasm%C3%A2nia" title="Colônia da Tasmânia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Colônia da Tasmânia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Колония Тасмания – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Колония Тасмания" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British colony (1856–1901)</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the former British colony until 1901. 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.infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country 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#a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Colony of Tasmania</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1856–1901</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tasmania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Tasmania"><img alt="Flag of Tasmania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/125px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/188px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/250px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Tasmania" title="Flag of Tasmania">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Badge_of_Tasmania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Tasmania"><img alt="Coat of arms of Tasmania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Badge_of_Tasmania.svg/85px-Badge_of_Tasmania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Badge_of_Tasmania.svg/128px-Badge_of_Tasmania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Badge_of_Tasmania.svg/170px-Badge_of_Tasmania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="506" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Tasmania" title="Coat of arms of Tasmania"> Coat of arms</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> <a href="/wiki/God_Save_the_Queen" class="mw-redirect" title="God Save the Queen">God Save the Queen</a> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="127" data-mwtitle="Rufst_du,_mein_Vaterland,_God_Save_the_King,_Íslands_minni,_Kongesangen_and_Oben_am_jungen_Rhein_(1938).oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Rufst_du%2C_mein_Vaterland%2C_God_Save_the_King%2C_%C3%8Dslands_minni%2C_Kongesangen_and_Oben_am_jungen_Rhein_%281938%29.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/Rufst_du%2C_mein_Vaterland%2C_God_Save_the_King%2C_%C3%8Dslands_minni%2C_Kongesangen_and_Oben_am_jungen_Rhein_%281938%29.oga/Rufst_du%2C_mein_Vaterland%2C_God_Save_the_King%2C_%C3%8Dslands_minni%2C_Kongesangen_and_Oben_am_jungen_Rhein_%281938%29.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Van_Diemen%27s_Land_1852.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the colony in 1852"><img alt="Map of the colony in 1852" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Van_Diemen%27s_Land_1852.jpg/250px-Van_Diemen%27s_Land_1852.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Van_Diemen%27s_Land_1852.jpg/375px-Van_Diemen%27s_Land_1852.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Van_Diemen%27s_Land_1852.jpg/500px-Van_Diemen%27s_Land_1852.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Map of the colony in 1852</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_the_British_Empire" title="Territorial evolution of the British Empire">British colony</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hobart,_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Hobart, Tasmania">Hobart</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> (official)<br /><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_languages" title="Tasmanian languages">Tasmanian languages</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Anglicanism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Tasmania">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">Constitutional monarchy</a> under a <a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">Responsible government</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_monarchs" title="List of British monarchs">Monarch</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1856-1901 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria of the United Kingdom">Victoria</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tasmania" title="Governor of Tasmania">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1856-1861 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Young" title="Henry Young">Henry Young</a> <i>first</i></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1901 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Havelock" title="Arthur Havelock">Arthur Havelock</a> <i>last</i></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Tasmania" title="Parliament of Tasmania">Parliament</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Upper house</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Council" title="Tasmanian Legislative Council">Legislative Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Lower house</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_House_of_Assembly" title="Tasmanian House of Assembly">House of Assembly</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Responsible self-government </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1856</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Australia" title="Federation of Australia">Federation of Australia</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1 January 1901</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Tasmania" title="Geography of Tasmania">Area </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">20,215 sq mi (52,360 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Census</div></th><td class="infobox-data">115,705 (1881)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4.387/sq mi (1.7/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">Pound sterling</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Van Diemen's Land">Van Diemen's Land</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li> <b>∟</b><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Colony of Tasmania</b> (more commonly referred to simply as "Tasmania") was a <a href="/wiki/British_colony" class="mw-redirect" title="British colony">British colony</a> that existed on the island of <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a> from 1856 until 1901, when it <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Australia" title="Federation of Australia">federated</a> together with the five other Australian colonies to form the <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Commonwealth of Australia</a>. The possibility of the <a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">colony</a> was established when the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> passed the <i>Australian Constitutions Act</i> in 1850, granting the right of <a href="/wiki/Legislative_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative power">legislative power</a> to each of the six Australian colonies. The <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Council" title="Tasmanian Legislative Council">Legislative Council of Van Diemen's Land</a> drafted a new constitution which they passed in 1854, and it was given <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">royal assent</a> by <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> in 1855. Later in that year the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council">Privy Council</a> approved the colony changing its name from "Van Diemen's Land" to "Tasmania", and in 1856, the newly elected <a href="/wiki/Bicameral_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral parliament">bicameral parliament</a> of Tasmania sat for the first time, establishing Tasmania as a <a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">self-governing</a> <a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">colony</a> of the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>. Tasmania was often referred to as one of the "most British" colonies of the Empire. </p><p>The Colony suffered from economic fluctuations, but for the most part was prosperous, experiencing steady growth. With few external threats and strong trade links with the Empire, the Colony of Tasmania enjoyed many fruitful periods in the late nineteenth century, becoming a world-centre of shipbuilding. It raised a local defence force which eventually played a significant role in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, and Tasmanian soldiers in that conflict won the first two <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Crosses</a> won by Australians. Tasmanians voted in favour of <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">federation</a> with the largest majority of all the Australian colonies, and on 1 January 1901, the Colony of Tasmania, became the <a href="/wiki/States_and_Territories_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="States and Territories of Australia">Australian state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Tasmania" title="History of Tasmania">History of Tasmania</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Self-government">Self-government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Self-government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A campaign for self-government in Van Diemen's Land had first begun in 1842. A growing resentment against <a href="/wiki/Penal_transportation" title="Penal transportation">penal transportation</a> to the colony, and a lack of effective legislation led to agitators lobbying for better representation. on 31 October 1845 the 'Patriotic six' walked out of the Legislative Council, leaving it without a quorum, but by 23 March 1847 they had been restored. In 1849 the <a href="/wiki/Australasian_Anti-Transportation_League" title="Australasian Anti-Transportation League">Australasian Anti-Transportation League</a> was established in <a href="/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania">Launceston</a>, and had soon established branches in the other Australian colonies. The Australian Republican Association (ARA) was founded at this time, but failed to gain much support. </p><p>On 5 August 1850, the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> passed the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Constitutions_Act_1850" title="Australian Constitutions Act 1850">Australian Constitutions Act</a>, granting the right of <a href="/wiki/Legislative_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative power">legislative power</a> to the Australian colonies, and called for a 'blended' council, which was to be part nominated and part elected. The formerly appointed <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Council" title="Tasmanian Legislative Council">Tasmanian Legislative Council</a> held its first popular elections 21 October 1851, and the newly elected members joined their appointed colleagues for the first time on 30 December 1851. On 19 August 1853 the Legislative Council appointed a select committee to draft a <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitution</a>, which was passed by the Council on 31 October 1855. By January 1855, the first <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tasmania" title="Governor of Tasmania">Governor of Tasmania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Young" title="Henry Young">Sir Henry Fox Young</a> had been appointed. The constitution, calling for a new <a href="/wiki/Bicameral_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral parliament">bicameral parliament</a> received <a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">royal assent</a> from <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> on 1 May 1855. On 21 July 1855, the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council">Privy Council</a> granted the application to change the colony's name from "Van Diemen's Land" to "Tasmania", and on 24 October 1855, a tumultuous crowd gathered in Hobart to hear that the <i>Tasmanian Constitution Act</i> had been granted royal assent. On 8 February 1856, the old Legislative Council met for the last time, and between September and October, elections were held across the state for the new <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Council" title="Tasmanian Legislative Council">Tasmanian Legislative Council</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_House_of_Assembly" title="Tasmanian House of Assembly">Tasmanian House of Assembly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 November 1856, Governor Sir Henry Fox Young proclaimed former <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> officer, <a href="/wiki/William_Champ" title="William Champ">William Champ</a> as the first <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Tasmania" title="Premier of Tasmania">Premier of Tasmania</a>, and the new bicameral parliament met for the first time on 2 December 1856, marking the beginning of self-government for the Colony of Tasmania. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="End_of_transportation">End of transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: End of transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AntiTransportation_League_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AntiTransportation_League_Flag.svg/200px-AntiTransportation_League_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AntiTransportation_League_Flag.svg/300px-AntiTransportation_League_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AntiTransportation_League_Flag.svg/400px-AntiTransportation_League_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Flag of the Australasian Anti-Transportation League</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1849 the <a href="/wiki/John_West_(writer)" title="John West (writer)">Reverend John West</a> formed the Anti-Transportation League of Van Diemen's Land to politically oppose the <a href="/wiki/Penal_transportation" title="Penal transportation">penal transportation</a> of British <a href="/wiki/Convicts" class="mw-redirect" title="Convicts">convicts</a> to <a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Van Diemen's Land">Van Diemen's Land</a> which had been occurring since 1804. By 1851 it had expanded to other colonies including <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a> and soon expanded to become the <a href="/wiki/Australasian_Anti-Transportation_League" title="Australasian Anti-Transportation League">Australasian Anti-Transportation League</a>. In the first partial-election of the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Council" title="Tasmanian Legislative Council">Legislative Council of Van Diemen's Land</a> on 21 October 1851, members of the Australasian Anti-Transportation League won all 16 of the elected seats, showing how popular the movement had become, and how opposed to transportation the free population of Van Diemen's Land was. One of the first actions taken by the new Council was to vote 16 to 4 in favour of sending a letter of request to <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> asking for her to revoke the Order in Council permitting transportation to Van Diemen's Land and <a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a>, despite the opposition of <a href="/wiki/Governors_of_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Governors of Tasmania">Lieutenant Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Denison" title="William Denison">William Denison</a>. </p><p>The beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_gold_rush" title="Victorian gold rush">Victorian gold rush</a> provided further argument, as it was felt that the opportunity of free passage aboard convict transports and the chance of escaping to the gold fields would provide an incentive to would-be offenders. The last convict ship to be sent from England, the <i>St. Vincent</i>, arrived in 1853, and on 10 August 1853 Jubilee festivals in Hobart and Launceston celebrated 50 years of European settlement with the official end of transportation. Celebratory medallions were minted and distributed to school children. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Growth_of_Tasmania">Growth of Tasmania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Growth of Tasmania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The era immediately following the granting of responsible self-government brought a new confidence to the colony. Whilst Tasmania suffered a setback with a large loss of working-age males to the Victorian gold-fields, many social and cultural improvements soon developed. Horse-drawn buses between <a href="/wiki/Hobart,_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Hobart, Tasmania">Hobart</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Tasmania" title="New Town, Tasmania">New Town</a> to the immediate north provide the colony's first <a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">public transport</a> in 1856. The following year the first <a href="/wiki/Telegraph" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegraph">telegraph</a> line between Hobart and <a href="/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania">Launceston</a> was laid, and <a href="/wiki/Coal_gas" title="Coal gas">coal gas</a> became available for private use, and illuminating Hobart's street lamps. Tasmania continued to be a centre of shipbuilding excellence. However, growing competition, and later, a shift towards steel-constructed vessels soon threatened Tasmania's place as a world leader.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The late 1850s also saw the Hobart Savings Bank and a Council of Education formed, and the new <a href="/wiki/Government_House,_Hobart" title="Government House, Hobart">Government House</a> opened. </p><p>The 1860s saw a period of stagnation and economic <a href="/wiki/Depression_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Depression (economics)">depression</a> in Tasmania, but it was punctuated by several highlights, including the opening of the new Hobart General Post Office, and the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Museum_and_Art_Gallery" title="Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery">Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable" title="Submarine communications cable">submarine communications cable</a> between Tasmania and Victoria, the beginning of construction for the <a href="/wiki/Launceston_and_Western_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Launceston and Western Railway">Launceston and Western Railway</a>, the colony's first railway, and Tasmania's first <a href="/wiki/Royal_visit" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal visit">royal visit</a>, by the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Duke of Edinburgh">Duke of Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Prince Albert</a>. Compulsory education was introduced in 1868, making Tasmania one of the first colonies in the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> to adopt such an enlightened policy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Withdrawal_of_British_forces">Withdrawal of British forces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Withdrawal of British forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> had garrisoned Van Diemen's Land with a rotating roster of British regiments since the first establishment of a colony there in 1803.<sup id="cite_ref-Wyatt55_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wyatt55-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a> (1853–56) and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Mutiny" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Mutiny">Indian Mutiny</a> (1857), a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Commission">Royal Commission</a> was held under <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Peel" title="Jonathan Peel">Jonathan Peel</a> into the structure of the Army. His proposed reforms met with objection from the <a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a>, who wished to retain their own armed forces. However, a later Secretary for War, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Cardwell,_1st_Viscount_Cardwell" title="Edward Cardwell, 1st Viscount Cardwell">Edward Cardwell</a> began a successful programme of reforms known as the <a href="/wiki/Cardwell_reforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardwell reforms">Cardwell reforms</a>. Although he lost his post when his government was removed from office, a later replacement, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Childers" title="Hugh Childers">Hugh Childers</a> reinvigorated the process with the <a href="/wiki/Childers_reforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Childers reforms">Childers reforms</a>. One of Cardwell's major proposals to increase troop numbers was the withdrawal of British garrisons from the self-governing colonies (to be replaced by locally raised units) which would save money and allow for more troops to be available for deployment in times of war, which he announced in 1869. By 1870 the troops were being withdrawn, and by 1871, more than 26,000 men had returned to Great Britain from all over the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>This meant that at short notice the Government of Tasmania was given the responsibility of raising its own defences. At the time of the announcement, the 2nd Battalion, the <a href="/wiki/14th_(Buckinghamshire,_The_Prince_of_Wales%27s_Own)_Regiment_of_Foot" class="mw-redirect" title="14th (Buckinghamshire, The Prince of Wales's Own) Regiment of Foot">14th (Buckinghamshire, The Prince of Wales's Own) Regiment of Foot</a> was stationed in Tasmania. In March 1870 the 2nd Battalion, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Irish_Regiment_(1684%E2%80%931922)" title="Royal Irish Regiment (1684–1922)">Royal Irish Regiment</a> arrived in Hobart from <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> to oversee the withdrawal of the Buckinghamshires, but by 6 September 1870 they were also departing, leaving the colony completely bereft of defence forces.<sup id="cite_ref-Wyatt55_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wyatt55-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although earlier attempts to establish locally raised volunteer defence forces had been made, such as the establishment of the Hobart Town Volunteer Artillery Company in 1859, and a similar company in Launceston in 1860, and twelve companies of "volunteer" infantry were also raised.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1867 the infantry companies were disbanded, and the artillery increased by one battery,<sup id="cite_ref-Festberg5_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Festberg5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but most of these units were short-lived. The arrival of three <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Navy" title="Imperial Russian Navy">Imperial Russian Navy</a> warships, the <i>Africa</i>, <i>Plastun</i>, and <i>Vestnik</i> in 1872 caused a great deal of alarm in the colony, and led to vigorous discussion about the colony's defences.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The threat of war with Russia in 1876 further hastened the establishment of both locally raised defence forces, and the modernisation of <a href="/wiki/Hobart_coastal_defences" title="Hobart coastal defences">coastal defences</a>, and in 1878 the <i>Volunteer Act</i> was passed, which established the Tasmanian Volunteer Force.<sup id="cite_ref-Wyatt19_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wyatt19-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year, controversial Canadian Priest <a href="/wiki/Charles_Chiniquy" title="Charles Chiniquy">Charles Chiniquy</a> visited Hobart to lecture on religion, but his second lecture descended into rioting when Catholics broke into the Hobart Town Hall. It took 150 constables and 400 armed volunteers to break up the rioting in what became known as the 'Chiniquy Affair',<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and this added weight to the argument that the colony desperately needed a permanent military presence.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1878 the Tasmanian Volunteer Rifle Regiment was raised in both the north and south of the colony.<sup id="cite_ref-Wyatt19_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wyatt19-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1880 a defence force of 600 men had been established, and consisted of 200 artillery, 350 infantry and about fifty mounted infantry. In 1883 the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasmanian_Engineers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tasmanian Engineers (page does not exist)">Tasmanian Engineers</a> were formed, and trained as a <a href="/wiki/Torpedo_boat" title="Torpedo boat">Torpedo boat</a> crew for the newly acquired <a href="/wiki/Colonial_navies_of_Australia#Tasmania" title="Colonial navies of Australia">TB1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1885 the strength of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tasmanian_Military_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tasmanian Military Forces (page does not exist)">Tasmanian Military Forces</a> was 1200 men, the maximum permitted by law at a time of peace. However, by 1893, and additional "auxiliary" force of 1500 had also been raised. By 1896, the Regiment had three battalions. They were 1st battalion in Hobart, 2nd battalion in Launceston, and 3rd battalion in the North West.<sup id="cite_ref-Festberg5_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Festberg5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consolidation">Consolidation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Consolidation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Tasmania" title="Flag of Tasmania">Flag of Tasmania</a> was officially adopted following a proclamation by <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmanian</a> colonial <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tasmania" title="Governor of Tasmania">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Aloysius_Weld" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Aloysius Weld">Frederick Aloysius Weld</a> on 25 September 1876, and was first published in the <i>Tasmanian Gazette</i> the same day. The governor's proclamation here were three official flags, they being the Governor's flag, the Tasmania Government vessel flag, and a Tasmania merchant flag. Up until 1856 when Tasmania was granted <a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">responsible self-government</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Union_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Union flag">Union flag</a> and the <a href="/wiki/British_ensign" title="British ensign">British ensign</a> were primarily used on state occasions.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The population of the colony began to rise quite rapidly in the period immediately following the discovery of gold. In 1880 the colony's population was 114, 762, but by 1884, it had reached 130,541. The period of growth also created a substantial improvement in the standard of living for Tasmanians. In the period from 1875 to 1884, the total value of personal saving in the colony's five existing banks increased from £1,227,585, to £4,022,077 - nearly a fourfold increase. The total valuation of owned property also rose from £604,347 to £837,916.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Boer_War">Boer War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Boer War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1899 the Colonial Tasmanian Military Forces responded to the request for military assistance in South Africa. The war had been expected in both Britain and the Australian colonies, and planning had begun as a result. The initial request from Britain was made for two of the colony's three Ranger Infantry units. Colonel <a href="/wiki/William_Vincent_Legge" title="William Vincent Legge">William Vincent Legge</a>, the commander of the Colonial Tasmanian Military Forces, sought to also establish a mounted reconnaissance unit, and toured the colony. He was very impressed by the shooting and riding skills of many of the colony's wealthy young farm boys, and formed a Tasmanian Imperial Bushmen unit from them.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A Tasmanian colonial contingent was sent to the Second Boer War, consisting of the 1st and 2nd Tasmanian Bushmen. These mounted infantry units were primarily made up of volunteers who had good bushcraft, riding and shooting skills. The first contingent, known as the First Tasmanian (Mounted Infantry) Contingent, consisted of approximately 80 men under the command of Captain Cyril St Clair Cameron.<sup id="cite_ref-Wyatt52_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wyatt52-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Second contingent, known as the Second (Tasmanian Bushmen) Contingent, departed from Hobart on 5 March 1900, and were under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel E.T Wallack. They arrived at <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town,_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Town, South Africa">Cape Town</a> on 31 March, and were sent to <a href="/wiki/Beira,_Mozambique" title="Beira, Mozambique">Beira</a>, where they formed part of General Carrington's column, operating in <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a> and Western <a href="/wiki/South_African_Republic" title="South African Republic">Transvaal</a>. A third Tasmanian contingent, the Third Tasmanian (Imperial Bushmen) Contingent, departed on 26 April, and the Fourth Tasmanian (Imperial Bushmen) Contingent followed soon after. A branch of Tasmanian Special Service Officers also accompanied the Tasmanian contingents.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In total, 28 officers and 822 other ranks were sent from the colony.<sup id="cite_ref-Wyatt52_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wyatt52-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first two <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Crosses</a> awarded to Australians in that conflict were earned by Private <a href="/wiki/John_Hutton_Bisdee" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hutton Bisdee">John Hutton Bisdee</a> and Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Guy_George_Egerton_Wylly" class="mw-redirect" title="Guy George Egerton Wylly">Guy George Egerton Wylly</a>, both members of the Tasmanian Bushmen, in action near Warm Bad in 1900. On 1 September, they were part of a small party consisting entirely of Tasmanians, who were escorting an Army Service Corps unit sent to round up cattle at <a href="/wiki/Warmbaths" class="mw-redirect" title="Warmbaths">Warmbaths</a>, 60 miles north of Pretoria. They were ambushed by a <a href="/wiki/Boer" class="mw-redirect" title="Boer">Boer</a> <a href="/wiki/Commando" title="Commando">Commando</a>, but fought exceptionally well. Bisdee and Wylly received their VCs for heroically recovering wounded and un-horsed men under fire from the enemy.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federation">Federation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Federation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Colony of Tasmania and its citizens played a prominent role in the move towards <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">federation</a> for the six British colonies in Australia. </p><p>Tasmanian lawyer and politician <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Inglis_Clark" title="Andrew Inglis Clark">Andrew Inglis Clark</a> had travelled throughout the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">United States of America</a> in 1890, where he learned an appreciation of both the federal system of government, and grew to appreciate <a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">republicanism</a>. He represented Tasmania at the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Australia#The_1890_conference" title="Federation of Australia">1890 Constitutional Convention</a> where he presented a draft <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitution</a> that he had written on a previous trip to London. At the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Australia#The_1891_convention" title="Federation of Australia">Constitutional Convention of 1891</a>, by then the Attorney-General of Tasmania, Clark spoke as the leading authority on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">American constitutional system</a>, which was highly influential in the development of the <a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">bicameral</a> system in Australia. Clark also spoke effectively of creating a federal system which provided for the protection of the smaller and more vulnerable economies of Tasmania, South Australia and Western Australia. By 1891 Clark had completed his final draft constitution which he sent copies of to <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Deakin" title="Alfred Deakin">Alfred Deakin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Barton" title="Edmund Barton">Edmund Barton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Playford_II" title="Thomas Playford II">Thomas Playford</a>, and although it was never intended to be a final version, 86 out of the original 128 sections from his draft made it into the final version of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Australia" title="Constitution of Australia">Constitution of Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> . </p><p>In the 1898 constitutional referendum, 11,797 voted in favour of federation, and 2,716 opposed, a majority of nearly 4 to 1. Tasmania held their final constitutional referendum on 27 June 1899, and in that referendum to opposition vote had further reduced to 791, and with 13,437 voters in favour of federation, the Colony of Tasmania had provided the highest percentage of support shown in any of the Australian colonies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society">Society</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Society"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the raucous years of the 1830s and 40s in which the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> had threatened to ban shore visits in Hobart because of debauchery, licentious behaviour and gambling, the colony had evolved to become quite <a href="/wiki/Conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative">conservative</a>. The adoption of responsible self-government and the cessation of transportation had seem Tasmanian society deliberately seek to break with its past as a <a href="/wiki/Penal_colony" title="Penal colony">penal colony</a>, and establish the more sophisticated trappings of proper British <a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">polite society</a>. The influence of <a href="/wiki/Governors_of_Tasmania" class="mw-redirect" title="Governors of Tasmania">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Franklin" title="John Franklin">John Franklin</a>, and his wife <a href="/wiki/Jane_Franklin" title="Jane Franklin">Jane</a> had done much to provide that sense of refinement, Tasmania had previously been lacking. They had promoted culture and education, Jane Franklin had created the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lady_Jane_Franklin_Museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lady Jane Franklin Museum (page does not exist)">Lady Jane Franklin Museum</a>, including replicas of the <a href="/wiki/Elgin_Marbles" title="Elgin Marbles">Elgin Marbles</a>, and John Franklin has established the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Tasmania" title="Royal Society of Tasmania">Royal Society of Tasmania</a> - the first outside of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Religion played an important part in the lives of European Tasmanians in the colonial era. This is evidenced by the large number of isolated churches that survive from that period. Following the <a href="/wiki/Castle_Hill_convict_rebellion" title="Castle Hill convict rebellion">Castle Hill convict rebellion</a> in 1804, <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a> had been outlawed in the Australian colonies out of fear of further Irish Catholic uprisings. This had permitted Protestant religions, particularly <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a> to gain a strong foothold in <a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Van Diemen's Land">Van Diemen's Land</a>. The Colony's first Preacher, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Knopwood" title="Robert Knopwood">Robert Knopwood</a>, had vigorously pushed the Church of England's cause for much of his time in the colony. Although always in a small minority, <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> also existed in the colony since its foundation. The indigenous Tasmanians had attempted to maintain their <a href="/wiki/Dreamtime" class="mw-redirect" title="Dreamtime">traditional religion</a>, but had been forcibly converted to Anglicanism.<sup id="cite_ref-Alison_Alexander_2002_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alison_Alexander_2002-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moral and religious reform played a very important role in the education and rehabilitation of the <a href="/wiki/Convicts_in_Australia" title="Convicts in Australia">convicts</a> <a href="/wiki/Penal_transportation" title="Penal transportation">transported</a> to Van Diemen's Land. By 1837 the Van Diemen's Land Church Act was passed, respecting the rights of worship, and financially aiding the 'three grand divisions of Christianity' – the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Churches of England</a>, <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Scotland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Rome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Alison_Alexander_2002_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alison_Alexander_2002-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By this time, the <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Congregationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist">Congregationalist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker">Quaker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> churches had all established themselves in the Colony of Tasmania to lesser degrees. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Tasmania" title="Anglican Diocese of Tasmania">See of Tasmania</a> was created in 1843, and shortly after <a href="/wiki/Francis_Russell_Nixon" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Russell Nixon">Francis Russell Nixon</a>, the first Bishop of Tasmania arrived. Nixon was highly successful in promoting a form of High Anglicanism, and linking his denomination with a patriotic sense of national identity under the banner of 'God, King, and Country'. Not to be outdone, the first <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> Bishop of Tasmania, Robert Wilson arrived the following year, preaching a form of pious <a href="/wiki/Asceticism" title="Asceticism">asceticism</a>. An unintended consequence of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Great Famine of Ireland</a> was a huge influx of Irish Catholic settlers in the 1850s, reestablishing Catholicism in the colony.<sup id="cite_ref-Alison_Alexander_2002_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alison_Alexander_2002-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1866 St Mary's Catholic Cathedral was opened, but without the originally designed tower. The magnificent <a href="/wiki/St_David%27s_Cathedral_(Hobart)" class="mw-redirect" title="St David's Cathedral (Hobart)">St David's Anglican Cathedral</a>, seat of the Bishop of Tasmania, and administrative centre of the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Diocese_of_Tasmania" title="Anglican Diocese of Tasmania">Anglican Diocese of Tasmania</a>, was designed by <a href="/wiki/George_Frederick_Bodley" title="George Frederick Bodley">George Frederick Bodley</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">high Gothic style</a> and completed in 1868. </p><p>By 1861, 52 percent of Tasmanians were <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a>, 22 percent were <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a>, 10 percent were <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a>, 7 percent were <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a>, and 4 percent were <a href="/wiki/Congregationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist">Congregationalist</a>, with smaller numbers of Jews, Quakers and other faiths. By 1891, the number Catholics had fallen to 18 percent, Methodists had risen to 12 percent, Presbyterians had dropped to 7 percent, Congregationalists had dropped to 3 percent, Anglicans were just over 50 percent, and <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a> registered at 2 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-Alison_Alexander_2002_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alison_Alexander_2002-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recreation">Recreation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As soon as the first British settlers had established themselves in the colony, they had begun to enjoy similar forms of recreation as they had enjoyed in Britain. <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">Cricket</a> was first played in 1803, and <a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">rugby</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> are both recorded as having been played soon after. By 1814, cricket was a popular pastime around the <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> period, and by the 1820s regular club competitions were taking place. Hobart Town Cricket Club and <a href="/wiki/Derwent_Cricket_Club" title="Derwent Cricket Club">Derwent Cricket Club</a> were established in the 1830s, and <a href="/wiki/Launceston_Cricket_Club" title="Launceston Cricket Club">Launceston Cricket Club</a> was founded in 1841, although Hobart Town no longer survives. In 1850 the first 'North' versus 'South' match was held in <a href="/wiki/Oatlands,_Tasmania" title="Oatlands, Tasmania">Oatlands</a>, and won by the South. The success of the match prompted promoters to organise an inter-colonial match, and the first, <a href="/wiki/First_class_cricket" class="mw-redirect" title="First class cricket">first class cricket</a> match played in Tasmania, which was also the <a href="/wiki/First_first-class_cricket_match_in_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="First first-class cricket match in Australia">first ever first-class cricket match in Australia</a>, was played in 1851 between <a href="/wiki/Victorian_Bushrangers" class="mw-redirect" title="Victorian Bushrangers">Victoria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a> in <a href="/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania">Launceston</a> at the Launceston Racecourse. The game was billed as 'The Gentlemen of Port Phillip versus the Gentlemen of Van Diemen's Land'. The game featured four-ball overs and no boundaries, attracted a crowd of about 2,500 spectators, and it was a timeless match, but only lasted for two days. Tasmania emerged victorious by 3 wickets.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the 1860s the popularity of rugby and football was diminished by the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a> from <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Australia">Victoria</a>, which quickly took off in popularity. The first organised match was held in 1859, the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Football_League" title="Tasmanian Football League">Tasmanian Football League</a> was formed in 1879, making it arguably the <a href="/wiki/Oldest_football_competitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldest football competitions">third oldest football competition in the world</a>, and by 1884 the first <a href="/wiki/Interstate_matches_in_Australian_rules_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstate matches in Australian rules football">inter-colonial</a> match was held against Victoria.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yacht and boat racing had quickly taken off, as the colony was located on an island, most people were familiar with sailing, and enjoyed it as a pastime. In 1838 the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hobart_Regatta" title="Royal Hobart Regatta">Royal Hobart Regatta</a> had begun, and celebrated many forms of aquatic competitions.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Horse racing was also quickly established as a popular pastime, with organised racing first held in Van Diemen's Land in 1814 at Newtown, near Hobart. The Tasmanian Turf Club (TTC) was formed in 1871 but the major club, the Tasmanian Racing Club (TRC) was not established until 1874.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Theatre_Royal,_Hobart" title="Theatre Royal, Hobart">Theatre Royal</a> was established in 1834, making it the oldest still operating <a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">theatre</a> in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A strong literary tradition also developed, with famous titles such as Quintus Servinton by Henry Savery (1831) and <a href="/wiki/For_the_Term_of_His_Natural_Life" title="For the Term of His Natural Life">For the Term of His Natural Life</a> by Marcus Clarke (1874) being produced in the colony.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other less sophisticated forms of entertainment, such as <a href="/wiki/Cock_fighting" class="mw-redirect" title="Cock fighting">cock fighting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dog_fighting" title="Dog fighting">dog fighting</a> were also popular in Tasmania in the late nineteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Colony of Tasmania had responsible achieved self-government in 1856, after a long and difficult campaign. The Tasmanian Constitution had been ratified by <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> on 1 May 1855, laying out the framework through which Tasmania was to be governed. As with the modern Australian state of <a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>, the Colony of Tasmania was governed according to the principles of the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Westminster System">Westminster System</a>, a form of parliamentary government based on the model of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. Legislative power rested with the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Tasmania" title="Parliament of Tasmania">Parliament of Tasmania</a>, which consisted of the Crown, represented by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tasmania" title="Governor of Tasmania">Governor of Tasmania</a>, and the two Houses, the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Council" title="Tasmanian Legislative Council">Tasmanian Legislative Council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_House_of_Assembly" title="Tasmanian House of Assembly">Tasmanian House of Assembly</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Empty_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>This section is empty.</b> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2010</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the 1881 Census, males were counted at 61,162 compared to 54,543 females for a combined total of 115,705 people. The birth to death rate was 896 births to 481 deaths in 1881. The majority of the population were born in Tasmania and constituted 69.13% (79,991). Other places of birth include other Australian colonies (3987 or 3.44%), England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland (28,243 or 24.41%), other <a href="/wiki/British_possessions" class="mw-redirect" title="British possessions">British possessions</a>, and at sea (872 or 0.76%), Foreign countries (2223 or 1.93%) and not specified counting for 389 people or 0.33%. </p><p><b>Religion</b> </p><p>The majority of the Tasmanian population adhered to <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a> under the British <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>. However there was also a sizeable <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> minority. In addition to this, there were also small populations of Protestants which notably included <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterianism</a> as well as non-Christian faiths and Irreligious people also constituting a very small proportion of the population. </p><p><b>Largest Towns</b> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart, City</a> (Population in 1881: 21,118)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launceston,_Tasmania" title="Launceston, Tasmania">Launceston</a> (Population: 12,752)</li> <li>New Town (Population: 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longford,_Tasmania" title="Longford, Tasmania">Longford</a> (Population: 1286)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westbury,_Tasmania" title="Westbury, Tasmania">Westbury</a> (Population: 1156)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Norfolk" title="New Norfolk">New Norfolk</a> (Population: 1036)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_Town,_Tasmania" title="Campbell Town, Tasmania">Campbell Town</a> (Population: 948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waratah,_Tasmania" title="Waratah, Tasmania">Waratah</a> (Population: 874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deloraine,_Tasmania" title="Deloraine, Tasmania">Deloraine</a> (Population: 836)</li> <li>Queenborough (Population: 795)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Empty_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>This section is empty.</b> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2010</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Van Diemen's Land">Van Diemen's Land</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Townsley, Wilfred Asquith (1956). <i>The struggle for self-government in Tasmania, 1842–1856</i>. Hobart, L.G. Shea Printers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roe, M. "The History of Tasmania to 1856" pp. 40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wyatt55-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wyatt55_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wyatt55_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWyatt1990">Wyatt 1990</a>, p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="#CITEREFNicholls1988">Nicholls 1988</a>, pp. 25 & 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Festberg5-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Festberg5_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Festberg5_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFestberg1972">Festberg 1972</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wyatt19-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wyatt19_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wyatt19_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWyatt1990">Wyatt 1990</a>, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWyatt1990">Wyatt 1990</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E Dollery,'The Chiniquy riots, Hobart', THRAPP 9/4, 1962.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWyatt1990">Wyatt 1990</a>, pp. 25–26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1355542/flag-of-Tasmania">"Tasmania, flag of"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tasmania%2C+flag+of.&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F1355542%2Fflag-of-Tasmania&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">New York Times, 24 August 1885</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wyatt52-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wyatt52_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wyatt52_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWyatt1990">Wyatt 1990</a>, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWyatt1990">Wyatt 1990</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrew Inglis Clark. by Neasey, F. M.; Neasey, L. J. (2001).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alison_Alexander_2002-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alison_Alexander_2002_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alison_Alexander_2002_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alison_Alexander_2002_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alison_Alexander_2002_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Companion to Tasmanian History by Alison Alexander. (2002)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100413174038/http://www.colonialrugby.com.au/tasmania.htm">"Archived copy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.colonialrugby.com.au/tasmania.htm">the original</a> on 13 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.colonialrugby.com.au%2Ftasmania.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/C/Cricket.htm">"Cricket"</a>. <i>www.utas.edu.au</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.utas.edu.au&rft.atitle=Cricket&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utas.edu.au%2Flibrary%2Fcompanion_to_tasmanian_history%2FC%2FCricket.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/A/Australian%20football.htm">"Australian Football"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Australian+Football&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.utas.edu.au%2Flibrary%2Fcompanion_to_tasmanian_history%2FA%2FAustralian%2520football.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/Y/Yachting.htm">"Yachting"</a>. <i>www.utas.edu.au</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.utas.edu.au&rft.atitle=Yachting&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utas.edu.au%2Flibrary%2Fcompanion_to_tasmanian_history%2FY%2FYachting.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/H/Horseracing.htm">"Horseracing"</a>. <i>www.utas.edu.au</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.utas.edu.au&rft.atitle=Horseracing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utas.edu.au%2Flibrary%2Fcompanion_to_tasmanian_history%2FH%2FHorseracing.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/T/Theatre.htm">"Theatre"</a>. <i>www.utas.edu.au</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.utas.edu.au&rft.atitle=Theatre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utas.edu.au%2Flibrary%2Fcompanion_to_tasmanian_history%2FT%2FTheatre.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/L/Literature.htm">"Literature"</a>. <i>www.utas.edu.au</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.utas.edu.au&rft.atitle=Literature&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utas.edu.au%2Flibrary%2Fcompanion_to_tasmanian_history%2FL%2FLiterature.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/T/Tas%20poultry%20socy.htm">"Tasmanian Poultry Society"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tasmanian+Poultry+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.utas.edu.au%2Flibrary%2Fcompanion_to_tasmanian_history%2FT%2FTas%2520poultry%2520socy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Tasmania&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFestberg1972" class="citation book cs1">Festberg, Alfred (1972). <i>The Lineage of the Australian Army</i>. Melbourne, Victoria: Allara Publishing Pty Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85887-024-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85887-024-6"><bdi>978-0-85887-024-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lineage+of+the+Australian+Army&rft.place=Melbourne%2C+Victoria&rft.pub=Allara+Publishing+Pty+Ltd&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=978-0-85887-024-6&rft.aulast=Festberg&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholls1988" class="citation book cs1">Nicholls, Bob (1988). <i>The Colonial Volunteers: The Defence Forces of the Australian Colonies 1836–1901</i>. Sydney, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-04-302003-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-04-302003-8"><bdi>0-04-302003-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Colonial+Volunteers%3A+The+Defence+Forces+of+the+Australian+Colonies+1836%E2%80%931901&rft.place=Sydney%2C+New+South+Wales&rft.pub=Allen+%26+Unwin&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-04-302003-8&rft.aulast=Nicholls&rft.aufirst=Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWyatt1990" class="citation book cs1">Wyatt, Douglas (1990). <i>A Lion in the Colony</i>. Hobart, Tasmania: The 6th Military District Museum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-646-01177-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-646-01177-4"><bdi>0-646-01177-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Lion+in+the+Colony&rft.place=Hobart%2C+Tasmania&rft.pub=The+6th+Military+District+Museum&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-646-01177-4&rft.aulast=Wyatt&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AColony+of+Tasmania" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Former_British_Empire_and_Current_British_Overseas_Territories" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British_overseas_territories" title="Template:British overseas territories"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British_overseas_territories" title="Template talk:British overseas territories"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British_overseas_territories" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British overseas territories"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Former_British_Empire_and_Current_British_Overseas_Territories" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Former <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> and Current <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territories</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Legend</span></dt> <dd>Former territory</dd> <dd><b>Current territory</b></dd> <dd>*Current <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth realm</a></dd> <dd><sup>†</sup>Current member of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Europe</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></b> since 1960 (before as part of <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Corsican_Kingdom" title="Anglo-Corsican Kingdom">Corsica</a> 1794–1796</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Cyprus" title="British Cyprus">Cyprus</a> 1878–1960</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></b> since 1713</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heligoland" title="Heligoland">Heligoland</a> 1807–1890</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_of_the_Ionian_Islands" title="United States of the Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a> 1809–1864</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Ireland</a> 1542–1800 <span style="font-size:85%;">(integrated into the UK)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Free State</a> 1921–1931</li></ul></li> <li><sup>†</sup>Malta <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Protectorate" title="Malta Protectorate">Protectorate</a> 1800–1813</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta" title="Crown Colony of Malta">Colony</a> 1813–1964</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menorca" title="Menorca">Minorca</a> 1708–1757, 1763–1782 and 1798–1802</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Africa</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1815</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basutoland" title="Basutoland">Basutoland</a> (<sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a>) 1868–1966</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bechuanaland_Protectorate" title="Bechuanaland Protectorate">Bechuanaland</a> (<sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a>) 1884–1966</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Cameroons" title="British Cameroons">Cameroons</a><sup>13</sup> 1919–1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Colony" title="Cape Colony">Cape Colony</a> 1795–1803</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Colony" title="Cape Colony">Cape of Good Hope</a> 1806–1910</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Central_Africa_Protectorate" title="British Central Africa Protectorate">Central Africa</a> 1891–1907</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Africa_Protectorate" title="East Africa Protectorate">East Africa</a> 1895–1920</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Egypt" title="Sultanate of Egypt">Egypt</a> 1882–1922</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Gambia_Colony_and_Protectorate" title="Gambia Colony and Protectorate">The Gambia</a> 1816–1965</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_(British_colony)" title="Gold Coast (British colony)">Gold Coast</a> (<sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>) 1874–1957</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Colony" title="Kenya Colony">Kenya</a> 1920–1963</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagos_Colony" title="Lagos Colony">Lagos</a> 1862–1906</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Madeira" title="History of Madeira">Madeira</a> 1807–1808</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Mauritius" title="British Mauritius">Mauritius</a> 1810–1968</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Natal" title="Colony of Natal">Natal</a> 1856–1910</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger_Coast_Protectorate" title="Niger Coast Protectorate">Niger Coast</a> 1884–1900</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Nigeria" title="Colonial Nigeria">Nigeria</a> 1914–1960</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Nigeria_Protectorate" title="Northern Nigeria Protectorate">Northern Nigeria</a> 1900–1914</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Rhodesia" title="Northern Rhodesia">Northern Rhodesia</a><sup>15</sup> 1924–1964</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyasaland" title="Nyasaland">Nyasaland</a> 1891–1964</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_River_Colony" title="Orange River Colony">Orange River</a> 1900–1910</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1658</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Seychelles" title="History of Seychelles">Seychelles</a> 1903–1976</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Colony_and_Protectorate" title="Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate">Sierra Leone</a> 1792–1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Somaliland" title="British Somaliland">Somaliland</a> 1884–1960</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa" title="Union of South Africa">South Africa</a> 1910–1931</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South-West_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="South-West Africa">South-West Africa</a><sup>12</sup> 1915–1931</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia" title="Southern Rhodesia">Southern Rhodesia</a><sup>14</sup> 1923–1965 and 1979–1980</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Nigeria_Protectorate" title="Southern Nigeria Protectorate">Southern Nigeria</a> 1900–1914</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Swaziland" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Swaziland">Swaziland</a> 1893–1968</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Egyptian_Sudan" title="Anglo-Egyptian Sudan">Sudan</a> 1899–1956</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanganyika_Territory" title="Tanganyika Territory">Tanganyika</a><sup>13</sup> 1922–1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transvaal_Colony" title="Transvaal Colony">Transvaal</a> 1900–1910</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1816</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Protectorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Uganda Protectorate">Uganda</a> 1890–1962</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a> 1890–1963</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_Kingdom" title="Zulu Kingdom">Zululand</a> 1887–1897</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>12</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><sup>13</sup><a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">League of Nations mandate</a>. British Cameroons is now part of <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, while Tanganyika is part of <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>.</li> <li><sup>14</sup><a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">Self-governing</a> Southern Rhodesia <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia%27s_Unilateral_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence">unilaterally declared independence</a> in 1965 (as <a href="/wiki/Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a>) and continued as an <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_recognition" title="Diplomatic recognition">unrecognised</a> state until the 1979 <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_House_Agreement" title="Lancaster House Agreement">Lancaster House Agreement</a>. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.</li> <li><sup>15</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Asia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aden_Colony" title="Aden Colony">Aden Colony</a> 1839–1967</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Afghan_War" title="First Anglo-Afghan War">Afghanistan</a> 1839–1842 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_influence_in_Afghanistan" title="European influence in Afghanistan">Protectorate</a> 1879–1919</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Bencoolen" title="British Bencoolen">Bencoolen</a> 1685–1824</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangka_Island" title="Bangka Island">Banka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belitung" title="Belitung">Billiton</a> 1812–1824</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">Bengal</a> 1757–1947</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bhutan" title="History of Bhutan">Bhutan</a> (protectorate) 1907–1949</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Borneo" title="British Borneo">Borneo</a> 1874–1963</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></b> since 1965 (before as part of <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a>)<sup>26</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_rule_in_Burma" title="British rule in Burma">Burma</a> 1824–1948</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruneian Empire">Brunei</a> 1888–1984</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Ceylon" title="British Ceylon">Ceylon</a> 1795–1948</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Cyprus" title="British Cyprus">Cyprus</a> 1878–1960</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> 1841–1997</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">India</a><sup>18</sup> 1858–1947</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> 1811–1816</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikhdom_of_Kuwait" title="Sheikhdom of Kuwait">Kuwait</a> 1918–1961</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Labuan" title="Crown Colony of Labuan">Labuan</a> 1848–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">Malaya</a> 1819–1826 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federated_Malay_States" title="Federated Malay States">Federated States</a> 1895–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfederated_Malay_States" title="Unfederated Malay States">Unfederated States</a> 1885–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayan_Union" title="Malayan Union">Union</a> 1946–1948</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Malaya" title="Federation of Malaya">Federation</a> 1948–1957</li></ul></li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_the_Maldives" title="Independence of the Maldives">Maldives</a> 1796–1965</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_occupation_of_Manila" title="British occupation of Manila">Manila and Cavite</a> 1762–1764</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Mesopotamia" title="Mandate for Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a><sup>19</sup> 1920–1932</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_and_Oman" title="Muscat and Oman">Muscat and Oman</a> 1891–1971</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Borneo" title="North Borneo">North Borneo</a> 1882–1963 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_North_Borneo" title="Crown Colony of North Borneo">Crown Colony</a> 1946–1963</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang" title="Padang">Padang</a> 1781–1784 and 1795–1819</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Palestine</a><sup>19</sup> 1923–1948</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Penang" title="History of Penang">Penang</a> 1786–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4n_S%C6%A1n_Island" title="Côn Sơn Island">Pulo Condore</a> 1702–1705</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raj_of_Sarawak" title="Raj of Sarawak">Sarawak</a> 1841–1946 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Sarawak" title="Crown Colony of Sarawak">Crown Colony</a> 1946–1963</li></ul></li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Singapore" title="Colony of Singapore">Singapore</a> 1946–1963</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Vietnam_(1945%E2%80%931946)" title="War in Vietnam (1945–1946)">South Vietnam</a> 1945–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straits_Settlements" title="Straits Settlements">Straits Settlements</a> 1826–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Transjordan" title="Emirate of Transjordan">Transjordan</a> 1921–1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trucial_States" title="Trucial States">Trucial States</a> 1892–1971</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weihaiwei_under_British_rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Weihaiwei under British rule">Weihai</a> 1898–1930</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>18</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><sup>19</sup><a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">League of Nations mandate</a>. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Iraqi_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Iraqi Treaty">Anglo-Iraqi Treaty</a></li> <li><sup>26</sup>Legitimacy of territorial establishment <a href="/wiki/Chagos_Archipelago_sovereignty_dispute" title="Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute">disputed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">North America</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></b> since 1650</li> <li>*<a href="/wiki/Antigua" title="Antigua">Antigua</a> 1632–1860</li> <li>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="History of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a> 1860–1981</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Bahamas" title="History of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a> 1670–1973</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Barbados" title="History of Barbados">Barbados</a> 1624–1966</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Islands_Department" title="Bay Islands Department">Bay Islands</a> 1643–1860</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/British_Honduras" title="British Honduras">Belize</a> 1871–1981</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></b> since 1619</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Arctic_Territories" title="British Arctic Territories">British Arctic Territories</a> 16th c.–1880</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_British_Columbia_(1858%E2%80%931866)" title="Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866)">British Columbia</a> 1858–1866 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_British_Columbia_(1866%E2%80%931871)" title="Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871)">1866–1871</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_Island" title="Cape Breton Island">Cape Breton Island</a> 1754–1820</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dominica" title="History of Dominica">Dominica</a> 1763–1978</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Florida" title="East Florida">East Florida</a> 1763–1783</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Grenada" title="History of Grenada">Grenada</a> 1762–1974</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Canada" title="Lower Canada">Lower</a> 1791–1841</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper</a> 1791–1841</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canada" title="Province of Canada">Province</a> 1841–1867</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Confederation_Canada_(1867%E2%80%931914)" title="Post-Confederation Canada (1867–1914)">Dominion</a> 1867–1931</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Carolina" title="Province of Carolina">Carolina</a> 1663–1712</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></b> since 1670</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_District" title="Columbia District">Columbia District</a>/<a href="/wiki/Oregon_Country" title="Oregon Country">Oregon Country</a> 1818–1846</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Colony" title="Connecticut Colony">Connecticut</a> 1636–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Colony" title="Delaware Colony">Delaware</a> 1701–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Jersey" title="East Jersey">East Jersey</a> 1674–1702</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Georgia" title="Province of Georgia">Georgia</a> 1733–1776</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Jamaica" title="Colony of Jamaica">Jamaica</a> 1655–1962</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Leeward_Islands" title="British Leeward Islands">Leeward Islands</a> 1671–1816, 1833–1960</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">MassachusettsBay</a> 1629–1691 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Massachusetts_Bay" title="Province of Massachusetts Bay">Province</a>, 1691–1776</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Maryland" title="Province of Maryland">Maryland</a> 1632–1776</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></b> since 1632</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosquito_Coast" title="Mosquito Coast">Mosquito Coast</a> 1655–1860</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevis" title="Nevis">Nevis</a> 1628–1983</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Albion" title="New Albion">New Albion</a> 1579</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Brunswick" title="History of New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a> 1784–1867</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">New England</a> 1686–1689</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_Hampshire" title="Province of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> 1680–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Haven_Colony" title="New Haven Colony">New Haven</a> 1637–1662</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_Jersey" title="Province of New Jersey">New Jersey</a> 1665–1674 and 1702–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_York" title="Province of New York">New York</a> 1664–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Newfoundland" title="Dominion of Newfoundland">Newfoundland</a> 1907–1949</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="History of Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a> 1583–1907</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_North_Carolina" title="Province of North Carolina">North Carolina</a> 1712–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-Western_Territory" title="North-Western Territory">North-Western Territory</a> 1859–1870</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nova_Scotia" title="History of Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> 1713–1867</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulet_affair_(1843)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulet affair (1843)">Paulet affair</a> 1843</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="History of Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a> 1763–1873</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pennsylvania" title="Province of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> 1681–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Colony" title="Plymouth Colony">Plymouth</a> 1620–1691</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Quebec_(1763%E2%80%931791)" title="Province of Quebec (1763–1791)">Quebec</a> 1763–1791* <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_the_Queen_Charlotte_Islands" title="Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands">Queen Charlotte Islands</a> 1853–1863</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Rhode_Island_and_Providence_Plantations" title="Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations">Rhode Island</a> 1636–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert%27s_Land" title="Rupert's Land">Rupert's Land</a> 1670–1870</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Croix,_U.S._Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands">Saint Croix</a> 1625–1650</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts" title="Saint Kitts">Saint Kitts</a> 1623–1983</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="History of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a> 1882–1983</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/British_Saint_Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="British Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a> 1605–1979</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="History of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> 1627–1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saybrook_Colony" title="Saybrook Colony">Saybrook</a> 1635–1644</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_South_Carolina" title="Province of South Carolina">South Carolina</a> 1712–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stickeen_Territories" title="Stickeen Territories">Stickeen</a> 1862–1863</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="History of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> 1889–1962</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></b> since 1799</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Vancouver_Island" title="Colony of Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a> 1849–1866</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></b> since 1666</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Virginia</a> 1607–1776</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_West_Florida" title="British West Florida">West Florida</a> 1763–1783</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Federation" title="West Indies Federation">West Indies Federation</a> 1958–1962 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Associated_States" title="West Indies Associated States">Associated States</a> 1967–1983</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Jersey" title="West Jersey">West Jersey</a> 1674–1702</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Windward_Islands" title="British Windward Islands">Windward Islands</a> 1833–1960</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox_with_columns" title="Template:Navbox with columns"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Navbox_with_columns" title="Template talk:Navbox with columns"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Navbox_with_columns" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Navbox with columns"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Oceania</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">18th and 19th centuries</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">20th century</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_New_South_Wales" title="Colony of New South Wales">New South Wales</a> 1788–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Diemen%27s_Land" title="Van Diemen's Land">Van Diemen's Land</a>/<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tasmania</a> 1803–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auckland_Islands" title="Auckland Islands">Auckland Islands</a><sup>20</sup> 1807–1863</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hebrides" title="New Hebrides">New Hebrides</a><sup>21</sup> 1824–1980</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Queensland" title="Colony of Queensland">Queensland</a> 1824–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_River_Colony" title="Swan River Colony">Swan River</a>/<a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Colony of Western Australia">Western Australia</a> 1829–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_South_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Colony of South Australia">South Australia</a> 1836–1901</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands" title="History of the Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></b> since 1838</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_New_Zealand" title="Colony of New Zealand">New Zealand</a> 1841–1907</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Australia" title="North Australia">North Australia</a> 1846–1847</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Victoria" title="Colony of Victoria">Victoria</a> 1851–1901</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Fiji" title="Colony of Fiji">Fiji</a> 1874–1970</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Western_Pacific_Territories" title="British Western Pacific Territories">Western Pacific Territories</a> 1877–1976</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Papua" title="Territory of Papua">Papua</a> 1884–1902</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rarotonga" title="Kingdom of Rarotonga">Rarotonga</a>/<a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands_Federation" title="Cook Islands Federation">Cook Islands</a><sup>20</sup> 1888–1901</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Islands">Union Islands</a><sup>20</sup> 1889–1948</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_and_Ellice_Islands" title="Gilbert and Ellice Islands">Gilbert and Ellice Islands</a><sup>22</sup> 1892–1979</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/British_Solomon_Islands" title="British Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a> 1893–1978</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:10em;"><div> <ul><li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Tonga" title="History of Tonga">Tonga</a> 1900–1970</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Niue" title="History of Niue">Niue</a><sup>20</sup> 1900–1974</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/History_of_Australia_(1901%E2%80%931945)" title="History of Australia (1901–1945)">Australia</a> 1901–1942</li> <li><sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_Zealand" title="Dominion of New Zealand">New Zealand</a> 1907–1947</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Western_Samoa_Trust_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Samoa Trust Territory">Samoa</a> 1914–1962</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nauru" title="History of Nauru">Nauru</a> 1919–1942 and 1945–1968</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>20</sup>Now part of the <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">Realm of New Zealand</a></li> <li><sup>21</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><sup>22</sup>Now <sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a> and <sup>†</sup>*<a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="South_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">South America</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Providence_Island_colony" title="Providence Island colony">Providence Island</a> 1631–1641</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willoughbyland" class="mw-redirect" title="Willoughbyland">Willoughbyland</a> 1651–1667</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina" title="Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina">Saint Andrew and Providence Islands</a><sup>4</sup> 1670–1688</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Guiana" title="British Guiana">Guiana</a> 1831–1966</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></b><sup>5</sup> since 1833</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></b><sup>5</sup> since 1908</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>4</sup>Now a <a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Colombia" title="Departments of Colombia">department</a> of <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><sup>5</sup>Occupied by Argentina during the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a> of April–June 1982.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Antarctica_and_the_South_Atlantic" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Antarctica and the South Atlantic</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1658</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1815</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a></b><sup>23</sup> since 1816</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></b> since 1833</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Australian_Antarctic_Territory" title="Australian Antarctic Territory">Australian Antarctic Territory</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Commonwealth of Australia</a>)</span> 1841–1933</li> <li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Ross_Dependency" title="Ross Dependency">Ross Dependency</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">Realm of New Zealand</a>)</span> 1841–1947</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></b><sup>24</sup> since 1908</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></b><sup>25</sup> since 1908</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>23</sup>Since 2009 part of <b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></b>; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.</li> <li><sup>24</sup>Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Antarctic Treaty">Antarctic Treaty</a>.</li> <li><sup>25</sup>Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historical_flags_of_the_British_Empire_and_the_overseas_territories" title="Historical flags of the British Empire and the overseas territories">Historical flags of the 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