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id="toc-First_store_opening_in_each_location-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Store_layout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Store_layout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Store layout </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Store_layout-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Store layout subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Store_layout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Traditional_store_layout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_store_layout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Traditional store layout </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_store_layout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternative_smaller_store_formats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_smaller_store_formats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Alternative smaller store formats </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_smaller_store_formats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-New_formats_for_full-size_stores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_formats_for_full-size_stores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 New formats for full-size stores </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_formats_for_full-size_stores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adaptation_to_Japanese_market" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adaptation_to_Japanese_market"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 Adaptation to Japanese market </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adaptation_to_Japanese_market-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inner-city_stores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inner-city_stores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.3 Inner-city stores </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inner-city_stores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Small_sized_stores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Small_sized_stores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.4 Small sized stores </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Small_sized_stores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Products_and_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products_and_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Products and services </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Products_and_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Products and services subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Products_and_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Furniture_and_homeware" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Furniture_and_homeware"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Furniture and homeware </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Furniture_and_homeware-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Furniture_and_product_naming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Furniture_and_product_naming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 Furniture and product naming </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Furniture_and_product_naming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Design services </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Smart_home" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Smart_home"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Smart home </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Smart_home-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Houses_and_flats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Houses_and_flats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Houses and flats </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Houses_and_flats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Solar_PV_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solar_PV_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4.1 Solar PV systems </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solar_PV_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Furniture_rental" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Furniture_rental"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4.2 Furniture rental </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Furniture_rental-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restaurant_and_food_markets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restaurant_and_food_markets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Restaurant and food markets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restaurant_and_food_markets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Småland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Småland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Småland </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Småland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IKEA_Preowned" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IKEA_Preowned"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 IKEA Preowned </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IKEA_Preowned-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_ventures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_ventures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Other ventures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_ventures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporate_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Corporate structure </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Corporate_structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Corporate structure subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Corporate_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Control_by_Kamprad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Control_by_Kamprad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Control by Kamprad </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Control_by_Kamprad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_information" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_information"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Financial information </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_information-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manufacturing,_logistics,_and_labour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manufacturing,_logistics,_and_labour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Manufacturing, logistics, and labour </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Manufacturing,_logistics,_and_labour-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Manufacturing, logistics, and labour subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Manufacturing,_logistics,_and_labour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2021_supply_chain_problems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021_supply_chain_problems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 2021 supply chain problems </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021_supply_chain_problems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labour_practices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour_practices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Labour practices </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour_practices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_initiatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_initiatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Environmental initiatives </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Environmental_initiatives-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Environmental initiatives subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Environmental_initiatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Umbrella_initiatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Umbrella_initiatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Umbrella initiatives </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Umbrella_initiatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Product_life_cycle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Product_life_cycle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Product life cycle </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Product_life_cycle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Energy sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sourcing_of_wood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sourcing_of_wood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Sourcing of wood </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sourcing_of_wood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_of_wood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_wood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Use of wood </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_wood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Packaging_and_bags" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Packaging_and_bags"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Packaging and bags </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Packaging_and_bags-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electric_vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electric_vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7 Electric vehicles </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electric_vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Donations_made_by_IKEA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Donations_made_by_IKEA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Donations made by IKEA </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Donations_made_by_IKEA-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Donations made by IKEA subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Donations_made_by_IKEA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-IKEA_Social_Initiative" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IKEA_Social_Initiative"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 IKEA Social Initiative </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IKEA_Social_Initiative-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marketing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marketing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Marketing </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Marketing-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Marketing subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Marketing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Catalogue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catalogue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Catalogue </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catalogue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IKEA_Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IKEA_Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 IKEA Family </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IKEA_Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IKEA_Place_app" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IKEA_Place_app"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 IKEA Place app </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IKEA_Place_app-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advertising" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advertising"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Advertising </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advertising-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 In popular culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">IKEA</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 88 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-88" aria-hidden="true" > 88 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="إيكيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيكيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="آیکیا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آیکیا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%9A%D0%95%D0%90" title="ИКЕА – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="ИКЕА" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="إيكيا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إيكيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A2" title="ایکه‌آ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایکه‌آ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%BC%80%EC%95%84" title="이케아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이케아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="आइकिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आइकिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%94" title="איקאה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איקאה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%90" title="იკეა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იკეა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%9A%D0%95%D0%90" title="ИКЕА – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="ИКЕА" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इकीया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इकीया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%9A%D0%95%D0%90" title="ИКЕА – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="ИКЕА" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B7%E1%80%80%E1%80%B2%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC" title="အီ့ကဲယာ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အီ့ကဲယာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B1%E3%82%A2" title="イケア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イケア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikea" title="Ikea – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ikea" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90.%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87.%E0%AE%87.%E0%AE%8F" title="ஐ.கே.இ.ஏ – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐ.கே.இ.ஏ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%90%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఐకియా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఐకియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อิเกีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิเกีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="آئی کیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آئی کیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="IKEA" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%B6%E5%B1%85" title="宜家家居 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="宜家家居" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%B6%E5%B1%85" title="宜家家居 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="宜家家居" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%B6%E5%B1%85" title="宜家家居 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="宜家家居" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0KEA" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected until April 17, 2025 at 21:42 UTC."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Furniture company founded in Sweden</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">IKEA</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikea_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ikea_logo.svg/220px-Ikea_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ikea_logo.svg/330px-Ikea_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Ikea_logo.svg/440px-Ikea_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="40" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_Shopping_centre_Sweden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/IKEA_Shopping_centre_Sweden.jpg/220px-IKEA_Shopping_centre_Sweden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/IKEA_Shopping_centre_Sweden.jpg/330px-IKEA_Shopping_centre_Sweden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/IKEA_Shopping_centre_Sweden.jpg/440px-IKEA_Shopping_centre_Sweden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="2363" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">IKEA store in <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A5llered" title="Kållered">Kållered</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a>, Sweden</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">IKEA</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Privately_held_company" title="Privately held company">Private</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Retail" title="Retail">Retail</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">28 July 1943; 81 years ago (1943-07-28)<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> in Sweden</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Ingvar_Kamprad" title="Ingvar Kamprad">Ingvar Kamprad</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Delft" title="Delft">Delft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Systems_B.V." class="mw-redirect" title="Inter IKEA Systems B.V.">Inter IKEA Systems B.V.</a>) <a href="/wiki/Leiden" title="Leiden">Leiden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (<a href="/wiki/INGKA_Holding" title="INGKA Holding">INGKA Holding B.V.</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of locations</div></th><td class="infobox-data">479 (2024)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Jesper Brodin (Chairman and <a href="/wiki/CEO" class="mw-redirect" title="CEO">CEO</a> of <a href="/wiki/INGKA_Holding" title="INGKA Holding">INGKA Holding</a>)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li> <li>Jon Abrahamsson Ring (Chairman and CEO of the <a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Holding" title="Inter IKEA Holding">Inter IKEA Holding</a>)<a href="#cite_note-IKEA_finalizing_its_biggest_overhaul_in_decades-4">[4]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-assemble_furniture" title="Ready-to-assemble furniture">Ready-to-assemble furniture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decorative_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Decorative art">Homeware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food" title="Food">Food</a> products</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> €45.1 billion (2024)<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://about.ikea.com">about.ikea.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ingka.com">ingka.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ikea.com">ikea.com</a> (retail)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> IKEA (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/aɪˈkiːə/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">eye-KEE-ə</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>Swedish: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Swedish" title="Help:IPA/Swedish">[ɪˈkêːa]</a>), is a <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> <a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)" title="Conglomerate (company)">conglomerate</a> founded in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> that designs and sells <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-assemble_furniture" title="Ready-to-assemble furniture">ready-to-assemble furniture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Household_goods" title="Household goods">household goods</a>, and various related services. IKEA is owned and operated by a series of <a href="/wiki/Not-for-profit" class="mw-redirect" title="Not-for-profit">not-for-profit</a> and <a href="/wiki/For-profit" class="mw-redirect" title="For-profit">for-profit</a> corporations collectively known and managed as Inter IKEA Group and Ingka Group.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The IKEA brand itself is owned and managed by Inter IKEA Systems B.V., a company incorporated and headquartered in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> IKEA was started in 1943 by <a href="/wiki/Ingvar_Kamprad" title="Ingvar Kamprad">Ingvar Kamprad</a>, and has been the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Furniture" title="Furniture">furniture</a> retailer since 2008.<a href="#cite_note-:3-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> The brand name is an <a href="/wiki/Acronym" title="Acronym">acronym</a> of founder Ingvar Kamprad's initials; Elmtaryd, the family farm where Kamprad was born; and the nearby village of <a href="/wiki/Agunnaryd" title="Agunnaryd">Agunnaryd</a>, Kamprad's hometown in <a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5land" title="Småland">Småland</a>, southern <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> The group is primarily known for its <a href="/wiki/Modern_furniture" title="Modern furniture">modernist</a> furniture designs, simple approach to <a href="/wiki/Interior_design" title="Interior design">interior design</a>, and its immersive shopping concept, based around decorated room settings within <a href="/wiki/Big-box_store" title="Big-box store">big-box stores</a>, where customers can interact with products onsite. In addition, the firm is known for its attention to cost control and continuous product development, notably, the <a href="/wiki/Ready-to-assemble_furniture" title="Ready-to-assemble furniture">ready-to-assemble</a> model of furniture sales, and other elements which have allowed IKEA to establish lower prices than its competitors. As of September 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IKEA&action=edit">[update]</a>, there are 473 IKEA stores operating in 63 countries<a href="#cite_note-:12-18">[18]</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year" title="Fiscal year">fiscal year</a> 2024, €45.1 billion worth of IKEA goods were sold.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> For multiple reasons, including lowering taxes payable, IKEA uses a complicated corporate structure in which IKEA stores are operated under <a href="/wiki/Franchising" title="Franchising">franchise</a> from <a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter IKEA Systems">Inter IKEA Systems</a> B.V. which handles branding, design, manufacturing, and supply. Another part of the IKEA group, Ingka Group, operates the majority of IKEA stores as a franchisee and pays royalties to Inter IKEA Systems B.V.<a href="#cite_note-:6-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-greens-efa.eu-21">[21]</a> Some IKEA stores are also operated by independent franchises.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> The IKEA website contains about 12,000 products and there were over 4.6 billion visitors to IKEA's websites in FY2024. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikea_Kungen_1965a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ikea_Kungen_1965a.jpg/170px-Ikea_Kungen_1965a.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ikea_Kungen_1965a.jpg/255px-Ikea_Kungen_1965a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ikea_Kungen_1965a.jpg/340px-Ikea_Kungen_1965a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="969" data-file-height="1140" /></a><figcaption>IKEA founder <a href="/wiki/Ingvar_Kamprad" title="Ingvar Kamprad">Ingvar Kamprad</a> (right) shakes hands with Hans Ax, IKEA's first store manager, in 1965.</figcaption></figure> In 1943, then-17-year-old <a href="/wiki/Ingvar_Kamprad" title="Ingvar Kamprad">Ingvar Kamprad</a> founded IKEA as a mail-order sales business, and began to resell furniture five years later.<a href="#cite_note-TNY-23">[23]</a> The first store was opened in <a href="/wiki/%C3%84lmhult" title="Älmhult">Älmhult</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5land" title="Småland">Småland</a>, Sweden in 1958, under the name Möbel-IKÉA (Möbel means "furniture" in Swedish). The name IKEA is an acronym that stands for Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd. The acronym is composed of the initials of the founder's name as well as Elmtaryd, which is the farm on which he grew up, and Agunnaryd, which is the village close to Elmtaryd.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_IKEA_stores.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Map_of_IKEA_stores.svg/300px-Map_of_IKEA_stores.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Map_of_IKEA_stores.svg/450px-Map_of_IKEA_stores.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Map_of_IKEA_stores.svg/600px-Map_of_IKEA_stores.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="205" /></a><figcaption>Map of countries with IKEA stores Legend: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  Current market locations</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  Future market locations</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  Former market locations</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend">  No current or planned market locations</div></figcaption></figure> The first stores outside Sweden were opened in <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> (1963) and <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> (1969).<a href="#cite_note-:2-25">[25]</a> The stores spread to other parts of Europe in the 1970s, with the first store outside <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a> opening in <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> (1973), followed by <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> (1974),<a href="#cite_note-:2-25">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> (1974), <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> (1975), <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> (1976),<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (1978).<a href="#cite_note-:4-27">[27]</a> IKEA further expanded in the 1980s, opening stores in countries such as <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (1981), <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> (1984),<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (1985),<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (1987),<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> and Italy (1989).<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-27">[27]</a> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> and the United States, with 55 stores (three in Puerto Rico in latter) each, are the company's biggest markets. IKEA entered <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a> in February 2010, opening in the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> As for the region's largest markets, on 8 April 2021, a store was opened in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>. In August 2018, IKEA opened its first store in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Hyderabad" title="Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> There are now stores in Bengaluru and Mumbai.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bay_Area_City_Pasay_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bay_Area_City_Pasay_09.jpg/220px-Bay_Area_City_Pasay_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bay_Area_City_Pasay_09.jpg/330px-Bay_Area_City_Pasay_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bay_Area_City_Pasay_09.jpg/440px-Bay_Area_City_Pasay_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>The world's largest IKEA store is located in <a href="/wiki/Pasay" title="Pasay">Pasay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a>, Philippines</figcaption></figure> In November 2021, IKEA opened its largest store in the world, measuring 65,000 square metres (700,000 sq ft),<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> at the <a href="/wiki/SM_Mall_of_Asia" title="SM Mall of Asia">Mall of Asia Complex</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pasay" title="Pasay">Pasay City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> In March 2022, IKEA announced the closing of all 17 stores in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, resulting from the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>. Because of the ongoing war and unimproved situation in Russia, IKEA said on 15 June that it would sell factories, close offices and reduce its workforce.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Later it became known that IKEA does not plan to sell its business, but expected to return to Russia within two years.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> By October 2022, IKEA laid off about 10,000 Russian employees.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In September 2023, the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509" />MEGA chain of 14 supermarkets, then owned by Ingka, was bought by the Russian <a href="/wiki/Gazprombank" title="Gazprombank">Gazprombank</a>.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> IKEA was hit hard by <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> because of lockdowns in various countries, like in the UK and Canada.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Because demand had fallen,<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> its annual catalogue ceased publication after 70 years in print.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The prices of their products have risen significantly in 2022 because of rising costs and inflation.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In April 2022, IKEA has shut down one of its stores in <a href="/wiki/Guiyang" title="Guiyang">Guiyang</a> when sales took a significant hit from the pandemic. Because of strict <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_China" title="COVID-19 pandemic in China">COVID-19 lockdowns in China</a>, IKEA has closed another store in <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a> by July 2022.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> On 10 August 2022, IKEA opened its first store in <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, the first store in <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>. Another store opened in <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> in September 2023 in <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a>,<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> soon to be followed by a store in <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_store_opening_in_each_location">First store opening in each location</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_with_IKEA_stores" title="List of countries with IKEA stores">List of countries with IKEA stores</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 200px;"> <ul><li>1958, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li>1963, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/40px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/60px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li> <li>1969, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li>1973, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" />  <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li>1974, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[note 1]</a></li> <li>1975, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[note 2]</a></li> <li>1976, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li>1977, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li>1978, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li>1981, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li>1983, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li>1984, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li>1985, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li>1987, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li>1989, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li>1990, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li>1991, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Czechoslovakia-56">[note 3]</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-57">[note 4]</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li>1992, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a><a href="#cite_note-Czechoslovakia-56">[note 3]</a></li> <li>1994, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li>1996, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li>1998, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li>2000, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[note 5]</a></li> <li>2001, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li>2004, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li>2005, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li>2007, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li>2008, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li>2010, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li>2011, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li>2012, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/40px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/60px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li> <li>2013, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/60px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/60px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li>2014, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li>2016, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li>2017, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li>2018, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li>2019, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li>2020, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li>2021, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li>2022, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/40px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/60px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li>2023, <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Store_layout">Store layout</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_furniture_display_in_HK_Homesquare_2018.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/IKEA_furniture_display_in_HK_Homesquare_2018.JPG/250px-IKEA_furniture_display_in_HK_Homesquare_2018.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/IKEA_furniture_display_in_HK_Homesquare_2018.JPG/330px-IKEA_furniture_display_in_HK_Homesquare_2018.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/IKEA_furniture_display_in_HK_Homesquare_2018.JPG/500px-IKEA_furniture_display_in_HK_Homesquare_2018.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="1824" /></a><figcaption>Interior of an IKEA store in Hong Kong</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_Anderlecht_self-serve_warehouse_(DSCF3734).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/IKEA_Anderlecht_self-serve_warehouse_%28DSCF3734%29.jpg/220px-IKEA_Anderlecht_self-serve_warehouse_%28DSCF3734%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/IKEA_Anderlecht_self-serve_warehouse_%28DSCF3734%29.jpg/330px-IKEA_Anderlecht_self-serve_warehouse_%28DSCF3734%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/IKEA_Anderlecht_self-serve_warehouse_%28DSCF3734%29.jpg/440px-IKEA_Anderlecht_self-serve_warehouse_%28DSCF3734%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4596" data-file-height="3272" /></a><figcaption>The self-service warehouse area</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_store_layout">Traditional store layout</h3></div> IKEA stores are typically blue buildings with yellow accents<a href="#cite_note-60">[55]</a> — Sweden's <a href="/wiki/National_colours" title="National colours">national colours</a>. They are often designed in a one-way layout, leading customers counter-clockwise along what IKEA calls "the long natural way" designed to encourage the customer to see the store in its entirety (as opposed to a traditional retail store, which allows a customer to go directly to the section where the desired goods and services are displayed). There are often shortcuts to other parts of the showroom.<a href="#cite_note-61">[56]</a> The sequence first involves going through the furniture showrooms making note of selected items. The showroom usually consists of simulated room settings where customers can see the actual furniture in use, e.g.: a living-room with a sofa, a TV set, a bookcase and a dining table, accessorized with plants, cushions, rugs, lamps, plates, glasses and cutlery. Showroom sections are usually displayed in the order of the rooms of a house: living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, bedrooms, kids' rooms. The customer then collects a shopping cart and proceeds to an open-shelf "Market Hall" warehouse for smaller items. Lastly, the <a href="/wiki/Self-service" title="Self-service">self-service</a> furniture warehouse stores the showroom products in <a href="/wiki/Flat_pack" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat pack">flat pack</a> form for the customer to collect the ones previously noted. Sometimes, they are directed to collect products from an external warehouse on the same site or at a site nearby after purchase. Finally, customers pay for their products at a cash register. Not all furniture is stocked at the store level, such as particular sofa colours needing to be shipped from a warehouse to the customer's home or the store. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikea,_Ottawa,_Ontario_(29983462651).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Ikea%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario_%2829983462651%29.jpg/220px-Ikea%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario_%2829983462651%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Ikea%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario_%2829983462651%29.jpg/330px-Ikea%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario_%2829983462651%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Ikea%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario_%2829983462651%29.jpg/440px-Ikea%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario_%2829983462651%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3466" data-file-height="1705" /></a><figcaption>IKEA store in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</figcaption></figure> Most stores follow the layout of having the showroom upstairs with the marketplace and self-service warehouse downstairs. Some stores are single level, while others have separate warehouses to allow more stock to be kept on-site. Single-level stores are found predominantly in areas where the cost of land would be less than the cost of building a 2-level store. Some stores have dual-level warehouses with machine-controlled silos to allow large quantities of stock to be accessed throughout the selling day. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_Damansara_Market_Hall_(As-Is_section)_20221125_102122.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/IKEA_Damansara_Market_Hall_%28As-Is_section%29_20221125_102122.jpg/250px-IKEA_Damansara_Market_Hall_%28As-Is_section%29_20221125_102122.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/IKEA_Damansara_Market_Hall_%28As-Is_section%29_20221125_102122.jpg/330px-IKEA_Damansara_Market_Hall_%28As-Is_section%29_20221125_102122.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/IKEA_Damansara_Market_Hall_%28As-Is_section%29_20221125_102122.jpg/500px-IKEA_Damansara_Market_Hall_%28As-Is_section%29_20221125_102122.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>As-is area at IKEA Damansara, Malaysia</figcaption></figure> Most IKEA stores offer an "as-is" or "bargain corner" (recently rebranded as "re-shop and re-use") area at the end of the warehouse, just before the cash registers. Returned, damaged, and formerly showcased products are displayed here and sold with a significant discount. In March 2022, IKEA swiftly exited the Russian market, due to <a href="/wiki/Russia%27s_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Russia's invasion of Ukraine">Russia's invasion of Ukraine</a>,<a href="#cite_note-62">[57]</a> leading to a surplus of items that were earmarked for the Russian market in IKEA's warehouses. To get rid of these items quickly, IKEA has been reselling these in a number of non-Russian IKEA stores near the bargain corner at a discount.<a href="#cite_note-63">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_smaller_store_formats">Alternative smaller store formats</h3></div> The majority of IKEA stores are located outside of city centres, primarily because of land cost and traffic access. Smaller store formats have been unsuccessfully tested in the past (the "midi" concept in the early 1990s, which was tested in <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heerlen" title="Heerlen">Heerlen</a> with 9,300 m2 (100,000 sq ft), or a "boutique" shop in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_formats_for_full-size_stores">New formats for full-size stores</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_shop,_West_Quay_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1497911.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/IKEA_shop%2C_West_Quay_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1497911.jpg/220px-IKEA_shop%2C_West_Quay_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1497911.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/IKEA_shop%2C_West_Quay_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1497911.jpg/330px-IKEA_shop%2C_West_Quay_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1497911.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/IKEA_shop%2C_West_Quay_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1497911.jpg/440px-IKEA_shop%2C_West_Quay_Road_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1497911.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="619" /></a><figcaption>IKEA located in the city centre of <a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a>, England</figcaption></figure> A new format for a full-size, city centre store was introduced with the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> store, situated in <a href="/wiki/Ashton-under-Lyne" title="Ashton-under-Lyne">Ashton-under-Lyne</a> in 2006. Another store, in <a href="/wiki/Coventry" title="Coventry">Coventry</a>, opened in December 2007. The store had seven floors and a different flow from other IKEA stores; however, it closed down in 2020 due to the site being deemed unsuitable for future business.<a href="#cite_note-64">[59]</a> IKEA's <a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a> store that opened in February 2009 is also in the city centre and built in an urban style similar to the Coventry store. IKEA built these stores in response to UK government restrictions on large retail establishment outside city centres.<a href="#cite_note-65">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Adaptation_to_Japanese_market">Adaptation to Japanese market</h4></div> Japan was another market where IKEA performed badly, exited the market completely and then re-entered with an alternative store design and layout with which it finally found success. IKEA entered the Japanese market in 1974 through a franchise arrangement with a local partner, only to withdraw in failure in 1986. Japan was one of the first markets outside its original core European market. Despite Japan being the then second largest economy in the world, IKEA did not adapt its store layout strategy to the Japanese consumer. Japanese consumers did not have a culture of DIY furniture assembly, and many in the early days had no way to haul flat-packs home to their small apartments. Nor did the store layouts familiar to European customers initially make sense to Japanese consumers, so prior to re-entering the Japanese market in 2006, IKEA management did extensive local market research in more effective store layouts. One area of local adaptation was the room displays common to every IKEA store worldwide. Rather than just replicate a European room layout, the Japan management was careful to set up room displays more closely resembling Japanese apartment rooms, such as one for "a typical Japanese teenage boy who likes <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computer_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer game">computer games</a>".<a href="#cite_note-66">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Inner-city_stores">Inner-city stores</h4></div> IKEA adapted its store location and services to the 'inner-city' format for expansion in China, unlike other countries where IKEA stores for economic and planning restriction reasons tends to be just outside city centres. In China, planning restrictions are less of an issue due to the lack of cars for much of its customer base. Accordingly, in store design alternatives, IKEA has had to offer store locations and formats closer to public transportation. The store design alternative thinking and strategy in China has been to locate stores to facilitate access for non-car owning customers.<a href="#cite_note-67">[62]</a> In some locations in China, IKEA stores can be found not in the usual suburban or near airport locations like other countries, but rather places such as downtown shopping centres with a 'mini-IKEA' store to attract shoppers. One store design alternative trend IKEA has implemented has been 'pop-up' stores along social media platforms in their advertising strategy, for the first-time as a company, to reach new customers demographics while still reinforcing its global brand locally in China.<a href="#cite_note-68">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Small_sized_stores">Small sized stores</h4></div> In Hong Kong, where shop space is limited and costly, IKEA has opened 4 stores, all in multi-storey commercial buildings. They are smaller than other IKEA stores but large by Hong Kong standards. In addition to tailoring store sizes for specific countries, IKEA alters the sizes of products to accommodate cultural differences.<a href="#cite_note-69">[64]</a> In 2015, IKEA announced it would attempt smaller store design at locations in Canada. IKEA claimed this new model would allow them to expand quickly into new markets rather than spending years opening a full-size store.<a href="#cite_note-70">[65]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_Mall_Taman_Anggrek.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/IKEA_Mall_Taman_Anggrek.jpg/250px-IKEA_Mall_Taman_Anggrek.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/IKEA_Mall_Taman_Anggrek.jpg/330px-IKEA_Mall_Taman_Anggrek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/IKEA_Mall_Taman_Anggrek.jpg/500px-IKEA_Mall_Taman_Anggrek.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>IKEA at Mall Taman Anggrek, Jakarta</figcaption></figure> In 2020, IKEA opened at <a href="/wiki/Al_Wahda_Mall" title="Al Wahda Mall">Al Wahda Mall</a> in <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates</a>, which, at 2,137 m2 (23,002 sq ft), was one of the smallest IKEA stores to-date.<a href="#cite_note-71">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[69]</a> The company also opened at <a href="/wiki/360_Mall" title="360 Mall">360 Mall</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Harajuku" title="Harajuku">Harajuku</a>, a trendy part of <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, that same year. The size of the Kuwaiti 360 Mall store was slightly larger than Al Wahda's (despite bringing a similar concept), at 3,000 m2 (32,000 sq ft), built as an extension of the mall.<a href="#cite_note-75">[70]</a> As for IKEA Harajuku, the 2,500 m2 (26,910 sq ft), 7-storey store houses the chain's first and only <a href="/wiki/Konbini" class="mw-redirect" title="Konbini">konbini</a> concept.<a href="#cite_note-76">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[72]</a> In 2021, IKEA opened another one of its smallest stores, located at the <a href="/wiki/Jem,_Singapore" title="Jem, Singapore">JEM Mall in Jurong East</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>. Replacing liquidated department store <a href="/wiki/Robinsons_%26_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Robinsons & Co.">Robinsons</a>, IKEA Jurong is only 6,500 m2 (70,000 sq ft), encompassing three levels; it was the first location in Southeast Asia that did not provide the "Market Hall" warehouse in its store.<a href="#cite_note-78">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[74]</a> Also during 2021, IKEA opened a small-store-format location on <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali, Indonesia</a>, replacing the liquidated former <a href="/wiki/Giant_(hypermarket)" title="Giant (hypermarket)">Giant</a> hypermarket. IKEA Bali is dubbed "Customer Meeting Point", and is the smallest store to open thus far, at 1,200 m2 (13,000 sq ft).<a href="#cite_note-80">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[78]</a> In 2022, another smaller store was opened inside <a href="/wiki/Livat_Hammersmith" title="Livat Hammersmith">Livat Hammersmith</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, at 4,600 m2 (50,000 sq ft),<a href="#cite_note-84">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[81]</a> followed by a 9,400 m2 (101,000 sq ft) store inside <a href="/wiki/Mall_Taman_Anggrek" title="Mall Taman Anggrek">Mall Taman Anggrek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, which was opened on 7 April 2022.<a href="#cite_note-87">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products_and_services">Products and services</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Furniture_and_homeware">Furniture and homeware</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Assembling_an_Ikea_po%C3%A4ng_chair_(9055631329).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Assembling_an_Ikea_po%C3%A4ng_chair_%289055631329%29.jpg/220px-Assembling_an_Ikea_po%C3%A4ng_chair_%289055631329%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Assembling_an_Ikea_po%C3%A4ng_chair_%289055631329%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="279" /></a><figcaption>A man assembling an IKEA <a href="/wiki/Po%C3%A4ng" title="Poäng">Poäng</a> chair</figcaption></figure> Rather than being sold pre-assembled, much of IKEA's furniture is designed to be <a href="/wiki/Ready-to-assemble_furniture" title="Ready-to-assemble furniture">assembled by the customer</a>. The company claims that this helps reduce costs and use of packaging by not shipping air; the volume of a bookcase, for example, is considerably less if it is shipped unassembled rather than assembled. This is also more practical for European customers using public transport, because flat packs can be more easily carried. IKEA contends that it has been a pioneering force in <a href="/wiki/Sustainability" title="Sustainability">sustainable approaches</a> to <a href="/wiki/Consumerism" title="Consumerism">mass consumer culture</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[86]</a> Kamprad calls this "democratic design", meaning that the company applies an integrated approach to manufacturing and design (see also <a href="/wiki/Environmental_design" title="Environmental design">environmental design</a>). In response to the <a href="/wiki/Explosion_of_human_population" class="mw-redirect" title="Explosion of human population">explosion of human population</a> and material expectations in the 20th and 21st centuries, the company implements <a href="/wiki/Economies_of_scale" title="Economies of scale">economies of scale</a>, capturing material streams and creating manufacturing processes that hold costs and resource use down, such as the extensive use of <a href="/wiki/Medium-density_fibreboard" title="Medium-density fibreboard">medium-density fibreboard</a> ("MDF"), also called "particle board". Notable items of IKEA furniture include the <a href="/wiki/Po%C3%A4ng" title="Poäng">Poäng</a> armchair, the <a href="/wiki/Billy_(bookcase)" class="mw-redirect" title="Billy (bookcase)">Billy</a> bookcase and the <a href="/wiki/Klippan_(sofa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Klippan (sofa)">Klippan</a> sofa, all of which have sold by the tens of millions since the late 1970s and early 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-92">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[88]</a> The IKEA and LEGO brands teamed up to create a range of simple storage solutions for children and adults.<a href="#cite_note-94">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Furniture_and_product_naming">Furniture and product naming</h4></div> IKEA products are identified by one-word (occasionally, two-word) names, predominantly in the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish language</a> (or otherwise <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavian</a> in origin). With few exceptions, most product names are based on a special naming system developed by the company.<a href="#cite_note-95">[90]</a> The company founder Kamprad was <a href="/wiki/Dyslexic" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyslexic">dyslexic</a>, and found that naming the furniture with proper names and words, rather than a long product code, made the products easier to identify and remember.<a href="#cite_note-96">[91]</a> Products are usually named after locations in Scandinavian countries, using names of places in Sweden for sofas and coffee tables, Denmark for textiles, and Norway for beds. Lamps get their names from seas and lakes, while outdoor furniture is named after islands.<a href="#cite_note-97">[92]</a> A number of IKEA's products bearing Swedish names have (or have had) pronunciations that are humorous to some and <a href="/wiki/Brand_blunder" title="Brand blunder">offensive to others</a> (but no less "<a href="/wiki/Language_barrier" title="Language barrier">lost-in-translation</a>"), by not only English-speakers but speakers of many different languages. At times, this product-identification has resulted in certain names being changed, or withdrawn completely from certain markets. More often than not, this confusion is simply a result of the Swedish language not being executed correctly, let alone understood, by the reader; nonetheless, this has resulted in potentially "naughty"—or even gravely offensive—connotations, depending on the area in question. Notable examples (for English-speakers) include a since-discontinued (2013) computer desk called jerker (referring to "the jerks" or "jerks"), a foliar plant spray called fukta ("moisten"), a <a href="/wiki/Workbench" title="Workbench">workbench</a> called fartfull ("speedy", "quick"),<a href="#cite_note-98">[93]</a> and a table called lyckhem (pronounced roughly as "look-em"), meaning "bliss" or a "happy home". Due to several products being named after real places, some locales have ended-up sharing names with objects considered generally unpleasant, such as a <a href="/wiki/Toilet_brush" title="Toilet brush">toilet brush</a> being named after the lake of <a href="/wiki/Bolmen" title="Bolmen">Bolmen</a>, or a <a href="/wiki/Trash_can" class="mw-redirect" title="Trash can">rubbish bin</a> named after the Norwegian village of <a href="/wiki/Tofte,_Norway" title="Tofte, Norway">Tofte</a>. In November 2021, VisitSweden.com launched a <a href="/wiki/Joke" title="Joke">jocular</a> campaign named "Discover the Originals", which invited tourists to visit the physical locations which have received such unfortunate associations with IKEA products.<a href="#cite_note-99">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design_services">Design services</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikea_Planning_Studio_(48064098962).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Ikea_Planning_Studio_%2848064098962%29.jpg/250px-Ikea_Planning_Studio_%2848064098962%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Ikea_Planning_Studio_%2848064098962%29.jpg/330px-Ikea_Planning_Studio_%2848064098962%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Ikea_Planning_Studio_%2848064098962%29.jpg/500px-Ikea_Planning_Studio_%2848064098962%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3752" data-file-height="2814" /></a><figcaption>The first US Planning Studio located in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, United States, in 2019, which closed in January 2022<a href="#cite_note-101">[96]</a></figcaption></figure> In March 2021, IKEA launched IKEA Studio in partnership with <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a>, an app enabling customers to design full-scale rooms with IKEA furniture using <a href="/wiki/Augmented_reality" title="Augmented reality">augmented reality</a> on an <a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[97]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Smart_home">Smart home</h3></div> In 2016, IKEA started a move into the smart home business. The IKEA TRÅDFRI smart lighting kit was one of the first ranges signalling this change.<a href="#cite_note-103">[98]</a> IKEA has also started a partnership with <a href="/wiki/Philips_Hue" title="Philips Hue">Philips Hue</a>.<a href="#cite_note-104">[99]</a> The wireless charging furniture, integrating wireless <a href="/wiki/Qi_(standard)" title="Qi (standard)">Qi charging</a> into everyday furniture, is another strategy for the smart home business.<a href="#cite_note-105">[100]</a> A collaboration to build <a href="/wiki/Sonos" title="Sonos">Sonos</a> <a href="/wiki/Smart_speaker" title="Smart speaker">smart speaker</a> technology into furniture sold by IKEA was announced in December 2017.<a href="#cite_note-106">[101]</a> The first products resulting from the collaboration launched in August 2019.<a href="#cite_note-107">[102]</a> Under the product name SYMFONISK, IKEA and Sonos have made two distinct wireless speakers that integrate with existing Sonos households or can be used to start with the Sonos-ecosystem, one that's also a lamp and another that's a more traditional looking bookshelf speaker. Both products as well as accessories for the purpose of mounting the bookshelf speakers have gone on sale worldwide on 1 August.<a href="#cite_note-108">[103]</a> From the start, IKEA SYMFONISK can only be controlled from the Sonos app, but IKEA added support for the speakers in their own Home Smart app to be paired with scenes that control both the lights, air purifiers, smart plugs and smart blinds together with the speakers.<a href="#cite_note-:3-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Houses_and_flats">Houses and flats</h3></div> IKEA has also expanded its product base to include flat-pack houses and apartments, in an effort to cut prices involved in a first-time buyer's home. The IKEA product, named BoKlok was launched in Sweden in 1996 in a joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Skanska" title="Skanska">Skanska</a>. Now working in the Nordic countries and in the UK, sites confirmed in England include London, <a href="/wiki/Ashton-under-Lyne" title="Ashton-under-Lyne">Ashton-under-Lyne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leeds" title="Leeds">Leeds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gateshead" title="Gateshead">Gateshead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warrington" title="Warrington">Warrington</a>, Bristol and <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Solar_PV_systems">Solar PV systems</h4></div> At the end of September 2013, the company announced that solar panel packages, so-called "residential kits", for houses will be sold at 17 UK stores by mid-2014. The decision followed a successful pilot project at the Lakeside IKEA store, whereby one <a href="/wiki/Photovoltaic_system" title="Photovoltaic system">photovoltaic system</a> was sold almost every day. The solar <a href="/wiki/CIGS_panel" class="mw-redirect" title="CIGS panel">CIGS panels</a> are manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Solibro" class="mw-redirect" title="Solibro">Solibro</a>, a German-based subsidiary of the Chinese company <a href="/wiki/Hanergy" title="Hanergy">Hanergy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-Solar_IKEA_2013-111">[106]</a> By the end of 2014, IKEA began to sell Solibro's solar residential kits in the Netherlands and in Switzerland.<a href="#cite_note-112">[107]</a> In November 2015, IKEA ended its contract with <a href="/wiki/Hanergy" title="Hanergy">Hanergy</a> and in April 2016 started working with <a href="/wiki/Solarcentury" title="Solarcentury">Solarcentury</a> to sell solar panels in the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-113">[108]</a> The deal would allow customers to be able to order panels online and at three stores before being expanded to all United Kingdom stores by the end of summer.<a href="#cite_note-114">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Furniture_rental">Furniture rental</h4></div> In April 2019, the company announced that it would begin test marketing a new concept, renting furniture to customers. One of the motivating factors was that inexpensive IKEA products were viewed as "disposable" and often ended up being scrapped after a few years of use. This was at a time when especially younger buyers said they wanted to minimize their impact on the environment. The company understood this view. In an interview, Jesper Brodin, the chief executive of Ingka Group (the largest franchisee of IKEA stores), commented that "climate change and unsustainable consumption are among the biggest challenges we face in society".<a href="#cite_note-115">[110]</a> The other strategic objectives of the plan were to be more affordable and more convenient. The company said it would test the rental concept in all 30 markets by 2020, expecting it to increase the number of times a piece of furniture would be used before recycling.<a href="#cite_note-116">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restaurant_and_food_markets">Restaurant and food markets</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HK_KTD_%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%8D%E7%81%A3_Kln_Bay_MegaBox_mall_shop_%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%82%A2%E4%BF%AC_IKEA_furniture_in_April_2022_Px3_31.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/HK_KTD_%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%8D%E7%81%A3_Kln_Bay_MegaBox_mall_shop_%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%82%A2%E4%BF%AC_IKEA_furniture_in_April_2022_Px3_31.jpg/220px-HK_KTD_%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%8D%E7%81%A3_Kln_Bay_MegaBox_mall_shop_%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%82%A2%E4%BF%AC_IKEA_furniture_in_April_2022_Px3_31.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/HK_KTD_%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%8D%E7%81%A3_Kln_Bay_MegaBox_mall_shop_%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%82%A2%E4%BF%AC_IKEA_furniture_in_April_2022_Px3_31.jpg/330px-HK_KTD_%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%8D%E7%81%A3_Kln_Bay_MegaBox_mall_shop_%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%82%A2%E4%BF%AC_IKEA_furniture_in_April_2022_Px3_31.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/HK_KTD_%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%8D%E7%81%A3_Kln_Bay_MegaBox_mall_shop_%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%82%A2%E4%BF%AC_IKEA_furniture_in_April_2022_Px3_31.jpg/440px-HK_KTD_%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%8D%E7%81%A3_Kln_Bay_MegaBox_mall_shop_%E5%AE%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%82%A2%E4%BF%AC_IKEA_furniture_in_April_2022_Px3_31.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>An IKEA Bistro in Hong Kong</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_Food_market_in_MegaBox_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/IKEA_Food_market_in_MegaBox_2017.jpg/220px-IKEA_Food_market_in_MegaBox_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/IKEA_Food_market_in_MegaBox_2017.jpg/330px-IKEA_Food_market_in_MegaBox_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/IKEA_Food_market_in_MegaBox_2017.jpg/440px-IKEA_Food_market_in_MegaBox_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="1408" /></a><figcaption>Swedish Food Market in Hong Kong</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_Restaurant_in_Coquitlam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/IKEA_Restaurant_in_Coquitlam.jpg/220px-IKEA_Restaurant_in_Coquitlam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/IKEA_Restaurant_in_Coquitlam.jpg/330px-IKEA_Restaurant_in_Coquitlam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/IKEA_Restaurant_in_Coquitlam.jpg/440px-IKEA_Restaurant_in_Coquitlam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>IKEA restaurant in <a href="/wiki/Coquitlam" title="Coquitlam">Coquitlam</a>, British Columbia, Canada</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA-Sendai-_Japan03.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/IKEA-Sendai-_Japan03.JPG/250px-IKEA-Sendai-_Japan03.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/IKEA-Sendai-_Japan03.JPG/330px-IKEA-Sendai-_Japan03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/IKEA-Sendai-_Japan03.JPG/500px-IKEA-Sendai-_Japan03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Swedish meatballs</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_food_court_in_Santiago.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/IKEA_food_court_in_Santiago.jpg/220px-IKEA_food_court_in_Santiago.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/IKEA_food_court_in_Santiago.jpg/330px-IKEA_food_court_in_Santiago.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/IKEA_food_court_in_Santiago.jpg/440px-IKEA_food_court_in_Santiago.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>An IKEA Bistro in <a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a>, Chile</figcaption></figure> The first IKEA store opened in 1958 with a small cafe that transitioned into a full-blown restaurant in 1960 that,<a href="#cite_note-117">[112]</a> until 2011, sold branded Swedish prepared specialist foods, such as meatballs, packages of <a href="/wiki/Gravy" title="Gravy">gravy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lingonberry_jam" title="Lingonberry jam">lingonberry jam</a>, various biscuits and crackers, and salmon and <a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5skaviar" title="Smörgåskaviar">fish roe spread</a>. The new label has a variety of items including chocolates, meatballs, jams, pancakes, salmon and various drinks.<a href="#cite_note-118">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[114]</a> Although the cafes primarily serve Swedish food, the menu varies based on the culture, food and location of each store.<a href="#cite_note-120">[115]</a> With restaurants in 38 countries, the menu often incorporates local dishes, including shawarma in Saudi Arabia, poutine in Canada, macarons in France, and gelato in Italy.<a href="#cite_note-121">[116]</a> In Indonesia, the Swedish meatballs recipe is changed to accommodate the country's halal requirements.<a href="#cite_note-122">[117]</a> Stores in Israel sell <a href="/wiki/Kosher" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosher">kosher</a> food under rabbinical supervision.<a href="#cite_note-123">[118]</a> The kosher restaurants are separated into dairy and meat areas.<a href="#cite_note-124">[119]</a> In many locations, the IKEA restaurants open daily before the rest of the store and serve breakfast.<a href="#cite_note-125">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[121]</a> All food products are based on Swedish recipes and traditions. Food accounted for 5% of IKEA's sales by 2019.<a href="#cite_note-127">[122]</a> IKEA sells plant-based meatballs made from potatoes, apples, pea protein, and oats in all of its stores.<a href="#cite_note-128">[123]</a> According to United States journalist <a href="/wiki/Avery_Yale_Kamila" title="Avery Yale Kamila">Avery Yale Kamila</a>, IKEA began testing its plant-based meatballs in 2014, then launched the plant-based meatballs in 2015 and began testing <a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_hot_dog" title="Vegetarian hot dog">vegan hot dogs</a> in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-129">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[126]</a> In 2019, journalist James Hansen reported in <a href="/wiki/Eater_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Eater London">Eater London</a> that IKEA would only sell vegetarian food at Christmas time.<a href="#cite_note-132">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Småland">Småland</h3></div> Every store has a children's <a href="/wiki/Play_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Play area">play area</a>, named Småland (Swedish for small lands; it is also the Swedish province of <a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5land" title="Småland">Småland</a> where founder Kamprad was born). Parents drop off their children at a gate to the playground, and pick them up after they arrive at another entrance. In some stores, parents are given free <a href="/wiki/Pager" title="Pager">pagers</a> by the on-site staff, which the staff can use to summon parents whose children need them earlier than expected; in others, staff summon parents through announcements over the in-store public address system or by calling them on their mobile phones.<a href="#cite_note-133">[128]</a> The largest Småland play area is located at the IKEA store in <a href="/wiki/Navi_Mumbai" title="Navi Mumbai">Navi Mumbai</a>, India.<a href="#cite_note-134">[129]</a> Some of these were closed down due to the COVID-19 pandemic. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IKEA_Preowned">IKEA Preowned</h3></div> In August 2024, Ikea announced it would be trialing an on-line marketplace where customers can connect to buy and sell pre-owned items made by Ikea. The marketplace, called Ikea Preowned, would run from August until December 2024 and be centred on the cities of Oslo, Norway and Madrid, Spain.<a href="#cite_note-135">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_ventures">Other ventures</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MEGA3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/MEGA3.jpg/250px-MEGA3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/MEGA3.jpg/330px-MEGA3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/MEGA3.jpg/500px-MEGA3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/MEGA_Family_Shopping_Centre" title="MEGA Family Shopping Centre">MEGA Family Shopping Centre</a> in Russia</figcaption></figure> Until 28 September 2023, IKEA owned & operated the <a href="/wiki/MEGA_Family_Shopping_Centre" title="MEGA Family Shopping Centre">MEGA Family Shopping Centre</a> chain in Russia. Its operations have since been sold to <a href="/wiki/Gazprombank" title="Gazprombank">Gazprombank</a>.<a href="#cite_note-137">[132]</a> On 8 August 2008, IKEA UK launched a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_virtual_network_operator" title="Mobile virtual network operator">virtual mobile phone network</a> called <a href="/wiki/IKEA_Family_Mobile" class="mw-redirect" title="IKEA Family Mobile">IKEA Family Mobile</a>, which ran on <a href="/wiki/T-Mobile_International_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="T-Mobile International AG">T-Mobile</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[133]</a> At launch it was the cheapest <a href="/wiki/Prepay_mobile_phone" class="mw-redirect" title="Prepay mobile phone">pay-as-you-go</a> network in the UK.<a href="#cite_note-139">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[135]</a> In June 2015 the network announced that its services would cease to operate from 31 August 2015.<a href="#cite_note-141">[136]</a> As of 2012<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IKEA&action=edit">[update]</a>, IKEA has a joint venture with <a href="/wiki/TCL_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="TCL Corporation">TCL</a> to provide Uppleva integrated HDTV and entertainment system products.<a href="#cite_note-142">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[138]</a> In mid-August 2012, the company announced that it would establish a chain of 100 economy hotels in Europe but, unlike its few existing hotels in Scandinavia, they would not carry the IKEA name, nor would they use IKEA furniture and furnishings – they would be operated by an unnamed international group of hoteliers.<a href="#cite_note-144">[139]</a> As of 30 April 2018, however, the company owned only a single hotel, the IKEA Hotell in Älmhult, Sweden. It was previously planning to open another one, in <a href="/wiki/New_Haven,_Connecticut" title="New Haven, Connecticut">New Haven, Connecticut</a>, United States, after converting the historic Pirelli Building. The company received approval for the concept from the city's planning commission in mid-November 2018; the building was to include 165 rooms and the property would offer 129 dedicated parking spaces. Research in April 2019 provided no indication that the hotel had been completed as of that time.<a href="#cite_note-145">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[141]</a> The building was then sold to Connecticut architect and developer Becker + Becker for $1.2 million.<a href="#cite_note-147">[142]</a> Opening in 2022 under <a href="/wiki/Pirelli_Tire_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirelli Tire Building">Hotel Marcel</a>, it is managed by Charlestowne Hotels and became part of Hilton's Tapestry Collection.<a href="#cite_note-148">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[144]</a> From 2016 to 2018, IKEA sold a commuter <a href="/wiki/Belt-driven_bicycle" title="Belt-driven bicycle">belt-driven bicycle</a>, the Sladda.<a href="#cite_note-150">[145]</a> In September 2017, IKEA announced they would be acquiring the UD company <a href="/wiki/TaskRabbit" class="mw-redirect" title="TaskRabbit">TaskRabbit</a>. The deal, completed later that year, has TaskRabbit operating as an independent company.<a href="#cite_note-151">[146]</a> In March 2020, IKEA announced that it had partnered with <a href="/wiki/Pizza_Hut" title="Pizza Hut">Pizza Hut</a> Hong Kong on a joint venture. IKEA launched a new side table called SÄVA. The table, designed to resemble a <a href="/wiki/Pizza_saver" title="Pizza saver">pizza saver</a>, would be boxed in packaging resembling a <a href="/wiki/Pizza_box" title="Pizza box">pizza box</a>, and the building instructions included a suggestion to order a Swedish meatball pizza from Pizza Hut, which would contain the same meatballs served in IKEA restaurants.<a href="#cite_note-152">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[148]</a> In April 2020, IKEA acquired AI imaging startup Geomagical Labs.<a href="#cite_note-154">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[150]</a> In July 2020, IKEA opened a <a href="/wiki/Concept_store" class="mw-redirect" title="Concept store">concept store</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Harajuku" title="Harajuku">Harajuku</a> district of Tokyo, Japan, where it launched its first ever <a href="/wiki/Apparel" class="mw-redirect" title="Apparel">apparel line</a>.<a href="#cite_note-156">[151]</a> Ingka Centres, IKEA's malls division, announced in December 2021 that it would open two malls, anchored by IKEA stores, in <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon" title="Gurgaon">Gurugram</a> and <a href="/wiki/Noida" title="Noida">Noida</a> in India at a cost of around ₹9,000 crore (US$1.0 billion). Both malls are expected to open by 2025.<a href="#cite_note-157">[152]</a> In 2016, IKEA Canada partnered with the Setsuné Indigenous Fashion Incubator, co-founded by <a href="/wiki/Sage_Paul" title="Sage Paul">Sage Paul</a>, to design and produce the collection ÅTERSTÄLLA, which means to restore, heal, or redecorate, and it was made entirely from salvaged Ikea textiles, reflecting the traditional Indigenous value to "use everything".<a href="#cite_note-158">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corporate_structure">Corporate structure</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Stichting_INGKA_Foundation" title="Stichting INGKA Foundation">Stichting INGKA Foundation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ikano" title="Ikano">Ikano</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ingvar_Kamprad" title="Ingvar Kamprad">Ingvar Kamprad</a></div> <table role="presentation" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0; clear:right; float:right;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:512px;"> <div style="clear: both; font-weight: bold; font-size: 106.4%; text-align: center; background-color: transparent; color:var(--color-base,light-dark(#202122,#eaecf0)); margin-bottom:3px;">IKEA ownership chart</div> <div class="skin-invert" style="position:relative; width:510px; height:455px; overflow:hidden; border:solid #ccc 1px; background-color:white;"> <div style="left:0px; top:0px; width:510px; position:absolute"> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:IKEA_ownership_template_2023.svg" title="commons:File:IKEA ownership template 2023.svg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/IKEA_ownership_template_2023.svg/510px-IKEA_ownership_template_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="510" height="453" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/IKEA_ownership_template_2023.svg/765px-IKEA_ownership_template_2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/IKEA_ownership_template_2023.svg/1020px-IKEA_ownership_template_2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="400" /></a> </div> <div style="text-align:center; line-height:110%;"> <div style="background-color:transparent; color:black"><div id="annotation_72x17" style="position:absolute; left:72px; top:17px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/Stichting_INGKA_Foundation" title="Stichting INGKA Foundation">Stichting INGKA Foundation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>)</div> <div id="annotation_15x136" style="position:absolute; left:15px; top:136px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/Stichting_IKEA_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Stichting IKEA Foundation">Stichting IKEA Foundation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>)</div> <div id="annotation_141x145" style="position:absolute; left:141px; top:145px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/INGKA_Holding" title="INGKA Holding">INGKA Holding</a> (<a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>)</div> <div id="annotation_23x224" style="position:absolute; left:23px; top:224px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;">Other <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_with_IKEA_stores#Franchises" title="List of countries with IKEA stores">IKEA franchisees</a></div> <div id="annotation_153x318" style="position:absolute; left:153px; top:318px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_with_IKEA_stores" title="List of countries with IKEA stores">Retail locations</a></div> <div id="annotation_290x322" style="position:absolute; left:290px; top:322px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">Intellectual properties</a></div> <div id="annotation_237x416" style="position:absolute; left:237px; top:416px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">IKEA</a></div> <div id="annotation_404.5x14" style="position:absolute; left:404.5px; top:14px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/Interogo_Foundation" title="Interogo Foundation">Interogo Foundation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a>)</div> <div id="annotation_276.5x14" style="position:absolute; left:276.5px; top:14px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Foundation" title="Inter IKEA Foundation">Inter IKEA Foundation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a>)</div> <div id="annotation_282x137" style="position:absolute; left:282px; top:137px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Holding" title="Inter IKEA Holding">Inter IKEA Holding</a> (<a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>)</div> <div id="annotation_403x136" style="position:absolute; left:403px; top:136px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/Interogo_Holding" title="Interogo Holding">Interogo Holding</a> (<a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>) (and substs.)</div> <div id="annotation_282x225" style="position:absolute; left:282px; top:225px; font-size:13.16px; font-size:13.16; line-height:15.16px;"><a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter IKEA Systems">Inter IKEA Systems</a> (<a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>)</div> <div id="annotation_402x225" style="position:absolute; left:402px; top:225px; font-size:11px; font-size:11; line-height:13px;"><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Supply" class="mw-redirect" title="IKEA Supply">IKEA Supply</a> <a href="/wiki/IKEA_of_Sweden" title="IKEA of Sweden">IKEA of Sweden</a> <a href="/wiki/IKEA_Industry_Holding" class="mw-redirect" title="IKEA Industry Holding">IKEA Industry Holding</a> <a href="/wiki/IKEA_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="IKEA Communications">IKEA Comm- unications</a> <a href="/wiki/IKEA_Food_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="IKEA Food Services">IKEA Food Services</a></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left"><div style="float:left;margin-right:0.5em"><img alt="The image above contains clickable links" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Interactive_icon.svg/20px-Interactive_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Interactive_icon.svg/40px-Interactive_icon.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="133" data-file-height="200" /></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Flowchart showing the structure and ownership of IKEA companies. Parent companies are at the top of the chart. Provides services to | Is the parent of | Provides funding to<div style="margin:6px;"></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist">This box: <ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IKEA_ownership_chart" title="Template:IKEA ownership chart">view</a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IKEA_ownership_chart" title="Template talk:IKEA ownership chart">talk</a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IKEA_ownership_chart" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IKEA ownership chart">edit</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> IKEA is owned and operated by a series of <a href="/wiki/Not-for-profit" class="mw-redirect" title="Not-for-profit">not-for-profit</a> and <a href="/wiki/For-profit" class="mw-redirect" title="For-profit">for-profit</a> corporations. The corporate structure is divided into two main parts: operations and franchising. <a href="/wiki/INGKA_Holding" title="INGKA Holding">INGKA Holding</a> B.V., based in the Netherlands, owns the Ingka Group, which takes care of the centres, retails, customer fulfillment, and all the other services related to IKEA products. The IKEA brand is owned and managed by <a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter IKEA Systems">Inter IKEA Systems</a> B.V., based in the Netherlands, owned by <a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Holding" title="Inter IKEA Holding">Inter IKEA Holding</a> B.V. Inter IKEA Holding is also in charge of design, manufacturing and supply of IKEA products. Inter IKEA Systems is owned by Inter IKEA Holding BV, a company registered in the Netherlands, formerly registered in Luxembourg (under the name Inter IKEA Holding SA). Inter IKEA Holding, in turn, is owned by the Interogo Foundation, based in Liechtenstein.<a href="#cite_note-Economist,_May_11,_2006-159">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[155]</a> In 2016, the INGKA Holding sold its design, manufacturing and logistics subsidiaries to Inter IKEA Holding.<a href="#cite_note-:0-161">[156]</a> In June 2013, Ingvar Kamprad resigned from the board of Inter IKEA Holding SA and his youngest son Mathias Kamprad replaced Per Ludvigsson as the chairman of the holding company. Following his decision to step down, the 87-year-old founder explained, "I see this as a good time for me to leave the board of Inter IKEA Group. By that we are also taking another step in the generation shift that has been ongoing for some years."<a href="#cite_note-:1-162">[157]</a> After the 2016 company restructure, Inter IKEA Holding SA no longer exists, having reincorporated in the Netherlands. Mathias Kamprad became a board member of the Inter IKEA Group and the Interogo Foundation.<a href="#cite_note-163">[158]</a> Mathias and his two older brothers, who also have leadership roles at IKEA, work on the corporation's overall vision and long-term strategy.<a href="#cite_note-:1-162">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Control_by_Kamprad">Control by Kamprad</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ingvar_Kamprad_Haparanda_June_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Ingvar_Kamprad_Haparanda_June_2010.jpg/170px-Ingvar_Kamprad_Haparanda_June_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Ingvar_Kamprad_Haparanda_June_2010.jpg/255px-Ingvar_Kamprad_Haparanda_June_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Ingvar_Kamprad_Haparanda_June_2010.jpg/340px-Ingvar_Kamprad_Haparanda_June_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="631" /></a><figcaption>The late <a href="/wiki/Ingvar_Kamprad" title="Ingvar Kamprad">Ingvar Kamprad</a>, founder of IKEA</figcaption></figure> Along with helping IKEA make a non-taxable profit, IKEA's complicated corporate structure allowed Kamprad to maintain tight control over the operations of INGKA Holding, and thus the operation of most IKEA stores. The INGKA Foundation's five-person executive committee was chaired by Kamprad. It appoints a board of INGKA Holding, approves any changes to INGKA Holding's bylaws, and has the right to preempt new share issues. If a member of the executive committee quits or dies, the other four members appoint their replacement. In Kamprad's absence, the foundation's bylaws include specific provisions requiring it to continue operating the INGKA Holding group and specifying that shares can be sold only to another foundation with the same objectives as the INGKA Foundation.<a href="#cite_note-Economist,_May_11,_2006-159">[154]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_information">Financial information</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_Delft_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/IKEA_Delft_2.JPG/220px-IKEA_Delft_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/IKEA_Delft_2.JPG/330px-IKEA_Delft_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/IKEA_Delft_2.JPG/440px-IKEA_Delft_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>IKEA Concept Centre in <a href="/wiki/Delft" title="Delft">Delft</a> – the head office of Inter IKEA Systems B.V. which owns the IKEA trademark and concept</figcaption></figure> The net profit of IKEA Group (which does not include Inter IKEA systems) in fiscal year 2009 (after paying franchise fees to Inter IKEA systems) was €2.538 billion on sales of €21.846 billion. Because INGKA Holding is owned by the non-profit INGKA Foundation, none of this profit is taxed. The foundation's nonprofit status also means that the Kamprad family cannot reap these profits directly, but the Kamprads do collect a portion of IKEA sales profits through the franchising relationship between INGKA Holding and Inter IKEA Systems. As a franchisee, the Ingka Group pays 3% of <a href="/wiki/Royalties" class="mw-redirect" title="Royalties">royalties</a> to Inter IKEA Systems.<a href="#cite_note-greens-efa.eu-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-20">[20]</a> Inter IKEA Systems collected €631 million of <a href="/wiki/Franchise_fee" title="Franchise fee">franchise fees</a> in 2004 but reported pre-tax profits of only €225 million in 2004. One of the major pre-tax expenses that Inter IKEA systems reported was €590 million of "other operating charges". IKEA has refused to explain these charges, but Inter IKEA Systems appears to make large payments to I.I. Holding, another Luxembourg-registered group that, according to <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a>, "is almost certain to be controlled by the Kamprad family". I.I. Holding made a profit of €328 million in 2004. In 2004, the Inter IKEA group of companies and I.I. Holding reported combined profits of €553m and paid €19m in taxes, or approximately 3.5 percent.<a href="#cite_note-Economist,_May_11,_2006-159">[154]</a> IKEA has avoided millions of euros in taxes<a href="#cite_note-164">[159]</a> performing some intricate mechanisms<a href="#cite_note-165">[160]</a> and it was noted by the EU back in 2017. The main countries where they operated their business using tax loopholes were the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>. <a href="/wiki/Public_Eye_(organization)" title="Public Eye (organization)">Public Eye</a>, a non-profit organisation in Switzerland that promotes corporate responsibility, has formally criticised IKEA for its tax avoidance strategies. In 2007, the organisation nominated IKEA for one of its Public Eye "awards", which highlight corporate irresponsibility.<a href="#cite_note-166">[161]</a> In February 2016, the <a href="/wiki/The_Greens%E2%80%93European_Free_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="The Greens–European Free Alliance">Greens / EFA</a> group in the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> issued a report entitled <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.greens-efa.eu/legacy/fileadmin/dam/Documents/Studies/Taxation/Report_IKEA_tax_avoidance_Feb2016.pdf">IKEA: Flat Pack Tax Avoidance</a> on the tax planning strategies of IKEA and their possible use to avoid tax in several European countries. The report was sent to <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Moscovici" title="Pierre Moscovici">Pierre Moscovici</a>, the European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs, Taxation and Customs, and <a href="/wiki/Margrethe_Vestager" title="Margrethe Vestager">Margrethe Vestager</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Competition" title="European Commissioner for Competition">European Commissioner for Competition</a>, expressing the hope that it would be of use to them in their respective roles "to advance the fight for tax justice in Europe".<a href="#cite_note-greens-efa.eu-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manufacturing,_logistics,_and_labour">Manufacturing, logistics, and labour</h2></div> Although IKEA originated in Sweden, their household products and furniture products are manufactured in many different countries, in order to achieve cost efficiency. For most of its products, the final assembly is performed by the end-user (consumer). Swedwood, an IKEA subsidiary, produces all of the company's wood-based products, with the largest Swedwood factory located in Southern Poland. According to the subsidiary, over 16,000 employees across 50 sites in 10 countries manufacture the 100 million pieces of furniture that IKEA sells annually. IKEA furniture uses the hardwood alternative <a href="/wiki/Particle_board" title="Particle board">particle board</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hultsfred" title="Hultsfred">Hultsfred</a>, a factory in southern Sweden, is the company's sole supplier. Distribution centre efficiency and flexibility have been one of IKEA's ongoing priorities and thus it has implemented automated, robotic warehouse systems and <a href="/wiki/Warehouse_management_system" title="Warehouse management system">warehouse management systems</a> (WMS). Such systems facilitate a merger of the traditional retail and mail order sales channels into an <a href="/wiki/Omnichannel_order_fulfillment" title="Omnichannel order fulfillment">omni-channel fulfillment model</a>.<a href="#cite_note-168">[163]</a> In 2020, Ikea was noted by Supply Chain magazine as having one of the most automated warehouse systems in the world.<a href="#cite_note-169">[164]</a> In the 1980s under the rule of the Romanian dictator <a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Nicolae Ceaușescu</a>, Romania's secret police, the <a href="/wiki/Securitate" title="Securitate">Securitate</a>, received six-figure payments from IKEA.<a href="#cite_note-170">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[166]</a> According to declassified files at the National College for Studying the Securitate Archives, IKEA agreed to overcharge for products made in <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> and some of the overpayment funds were deposited into an account controlled by the Securitate.<a href="#cite_note-172">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021_supply_chain_problems">2021 supply chain problems</h3></div> Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, IKEA has been facing major supply chain issues since 2021, which could extend into 2022. Jon Abrahamsson, the chief executive of Inter IKEA has stated that the main issue is shipping products from China, as a "quarter" of IKEA products are made there.<a href="#cite_note-173">[168]</a> A variety of reasons led to supply shortages, including consumption shocks. In addition, factories were unable to produce raw materials and workers even after they began receiving orders.<a href="#cite_note-174">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-175">[170]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labour_practices">Labour practices</h3></div> During the 1980s, IKEA kept its costs down by using production facilities in <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>. A portion of the workforce at those factories consisted of <a href="/wiki/Political_prisoner" title="Political prisoner">political prisoners</a>. This fact, revealed in a report by <a href="/wiki/Ernst_%26_Young" title="Ernst & Young">Ernst & Young</a> commissioned by the company, resulted from the intermingling of criminals and political dissidents in the state-owned production facilities IKEA contracted with, a practice which was generally known in West Germany. IKEA was one of a number of companies, including West German firms, which benefited from this practice. The investigation resulted from attempts by former political prisoners to obtain compensation. In November 2012, IKEA admitted being aware at the time of the possibility of use of <a href="/wiki/Unfree_labour" class="mw-redirect" title="Unfree labour">forced labour</a> and failing to exercise sufficient control to identify and avoid it. A summary of the Ernst & Young report was released on 16 November 2012.<a href="#cite_note-NYT111612-176">[171]</a> In 2018, Ikea was accused of <a href="/wiki/Union_busting" title="Union busting">union busting</a> when employees sought to organize, using such tactics as <a href="/wiki/Captive_audience_meeting" title="Captive audience meeting">captive audience meetings</a>.<a href="#cite_note-177">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[173]</a> IKEA was named one of the 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers in 2004 and 2005 by Working Mothers magazine.<a href="#cite_note-179">[174]</a> It ranked 80 in <a href="/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)">Fortune's</a> 200 Best Companies to Work For in 2006 and in October 2008, IKEA Canada LP was named one of "<a href="/wiki/Canada%27s_Top_100_Employers" title="Canada's Top 100 Employers">Canada's Top 100 Employers</a>" by Mediacorp Canada Inc.<a href="#cite_note-180">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_initiatives">Environmental initiatives</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_IKEA_shopping_bag_(2019)_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="yellow IKEA shopping bag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Yellow_IKEA_shopping_bag_%282019%29_03.jpg/250px-Yellow_IKEA_shopping_bag_%282019%29_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Yellow_IKEA_shopping_bag_%282019%29_03.jpg/330px-Yellow_IKEA_shopping_bag_%282019%29_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Yellow_IKEA_shopping_bag_%282019%29_03.jpg/500px-Yellow_IKEA_shopping_bag_%282019%29_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4864" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Yellow IKEA recyclable shopping bag</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HK_CWB_Park_Lane_basement_shop_IKEA_lighting_LED_lamps_notice_Dec-2015_DSC.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/HK_CWB_Park_Lane_basement_shop_IKEA_lighting_LED_lamps_notice_Dec-2015_DSC.JPG/250px-HK_CWB_Park_Lane_basement_shop_IKEA_lighting_LED_lamps_notice_Dec-2015_DSC.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/HK_CWB_Park_Lane_basement_shop_IKEA_lighting_LED_lamps_notice_Dec-2015_DSC.JPG/330px-HK_CWB_Park_Lane_basement_shop_IKEA_lighting_LED_lamps_notice_Dec-2015_DSC.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/HK_CWB_Park_Lane_basement_shop_IKEA_lighting_LED_lamps_notice_Dec-2015_DSC.JPG/500px-HK_CWB_Park_Lane_basement_shop_IKEA_lighting_LED_lamps_notice_Dec-2015_DSC.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3672" data-file-height="4896" /></a><figcaption>LED lamp display at an IKEA in Hong Kong</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Umbrella_initiatives">Umbrella initiatives</h3></div> After initial environmental issues like the highly publicized <a href="/wiki/Formaldehyde" title="Formaldehyde">formaldehyde</a> scandals in the early 1980s and 1992,<a href="#cite_note-181">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[178]</a> IKEA took a proactive stance on environmental issues and tried to prevent future incidents through a variety of measures.<a href="#cite_note-184">[179]</a> In 1990, IKEA invited <a href="/wiki/Karl-Henrik_Rob%C3%A8rt" title="Karl-Henrik Robèrt">Karl-Henrik Robèrt</a>, founder of <a href="/wiki/The_Natural_Step" title="The Natural Step">the Natural Step</a>, to address its board of directors. Robert's system conditions for sustainability provided a <a href="/wiki/Strategy" title="Strategy">strategic approach</a> to improving the company's environmental performance. In 1990, IKEA adopted the Natural Step framework as the basis for its environmental plan.<a href="#cite_note-Owens-185">[180]</a> This led to the development of an Environmental Action Plan, which was adopted in 1992. The plan focused on structural change, allowing IKEA to "maximize the impact of resources invested and reduce the energy necessary to address isolated issues".<a href="#cite_note-Owens-185">[180]</a> The environmental measures taken include the following: <ol><li>Replacing <a href="/wiki/Polyvinylchloride" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyvinylchloride">polyvinylchloride</a> (PVC) in wallpapers, home textiles, shower curtains, lampshades and furniture—PVC has been eliminated from packaging and is being phased out in electric cables;</li> <li>Minimizing the use of <a href="/wiki/Formaldehyde" title="Formaldehyde">formaldehyde</a> in its products, including textiles;</li> <li>Eliminating acid-curing <a href="/wiki/Lacquer" title="Lacquer">lacquers</a>;</li> <li>Producing a model of chair (OGLA) made from 100% <a href="/wiki/Post-consumer_waste" title="Post-consumer waste">post-consumer</a> <a href="/wiki/Plastic_pollution" title="Plastic pollution">plastic waste</a>;</li> <li>Introducing a series of air-inflatable furniture products into the product line. Such products reduce the use of raw materials for framing and stuffing and reduce transportation weight and volume to about 15% of that of conventional furniture;</li> <li>Reducing the use of <a href="/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium">chromium</a> for metal surface treatment;</li> <li>Limiting the use of substances such as <a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">cadmium</a>, lead, <a href="/wiki/Polychlorinated_biphenyl" title="Polychlorinated biphenyl">PCB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pentachlorophenol" title="Pentachlorophenol">PCP</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Azo_dye" title="Azo dye">Azo pigments</a>;</li> <li>Using wood from responsibly managed forests that replant and maintain <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biological diversity</a>;</li> <li>Using only <a href="/wiki/Recycling" title="Recycling">recyclable materials</a> for flat packaging and "pure" (non-mixed) materials for packaging to assist in recycling.<a href="#cite_note-Owens-185">[180]</a></li> <li>Introducing rental bicycles with trailers for customers in Denmark.<a href="#cite_note-186">[181]</a></li></ol> In 2000, IKEA <a href="#cite_note-187">[182]</a> introduced its code of conduct for suppliers that covers social, safety, and environmental questions. Today IKEA has around 60 auditors who perform hundreds of supplier audits every year. The main purpose of these audits is to make sure that the IKEA suppliers follow the law in each country where they are based. Most IKEA suppliers fulfil the law today with exceptions for some special issues, one being excessive working hours in Asia, in countries such as China and India.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] As of March 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IKEA&action=edit">[update]</a>, IKEA has signed on with 25 other companies to participate in the <a href="/wiki/British_Retail_Consortium" title="British Retail Consortium">British Retail Consortium</a>'s Better Retail Better World initiative, which challenges companies to meet objectives outlined by the United Nations <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goals" title="Sustainable Development Goals">Sustainable Development Goals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-188">[183]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Product_life_cycle">Product life cycle</h3></div> To make IKEA a more sustainable company, a product life cycle was created. For the idea stage, products should be flat-packed so that more items can be shipped at once; products should also be easier to dismantle and recycle. Raw materials are used, and since wood and cotton are two of IKEA's most important manufacturing products, the company works with environmentally friendly forests and cotton, whereby the excessive use of chemicals and water is avoided.<a href="#cite_note-189">[184]</a> IKEA stores recycle waste and many run on renewable energy. All employees are trained in environmental and social responsibility, while public transit is one of the priorities when the location of stores is considered. Also, the coffee and chocolate served at IKEA stores is <a href="/wiki/UTZ_Certified" title="UTZ Certified">UTZ Certified</a>.<a href="#cite_note-190">[185]</a> The last stage of the life cycle is the end of life. Most IKEA stores recycle light bulbs and drained batteries, and the company is also exploring the recycling of sofas and other home furnishing products. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy_sources">Energy sources</h3></div> In August 2008, IKEA announced that it had created IKEA GreenTech, a €50 million venture capital fund. Located in <a href="/wiki/Lund" title="Lund">Lund</a> (a university town in Sweden), it will invest in 8–10 companies in the coming five years with focus on <a href="/wiki/Solar_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar cells">solar panels</a>, alternative light sources, product materials, energy efficiency and water saving and purification. The aim is to commercialise green technologies for sale in IKEA stores within 3–4 years.<a href="#cite_note-191">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-192">[187]</a> On 17 February 2011, IKEA announced its plans to develop a wind farm in <a href="/wiki/Dalarna_County" title="Dalarna County">Dalarna County</a>, Sweden, furthering its goal of using only renewable energy to fuel its operations.<a href="#cite_note-193">[188]</a> As of June 2012<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IKEA&action=edit">[update]</a>,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] 17 United States IKEA stores are powered by solar panels, with 22 additional installations in progress,<a href="#cite_note-Business_Wire-194">[189]</a> and IKEA owns the 165 MW Cameron Wind farm in <a href="/wiki/Cameron_County,_Texas" title="Cameron County, Texas">Cameron County</a> on the South Texas coast<a href="#cite_note-195">[190]</a> and a <a href="/wiki/List_of_offshore_wind_farms_in_the_Baltic_Sea" title="List of offshore wind farms in the Baltic Sea">42 MW coastal wind farm</a> in Finland.<a href="#cite_note-196">[191]</a> In September 2019, IKEA announced that they would be investing $2.8 billion in renewable energy infrastructure. The company is targeting making their entire supply chain climate positive by 2030.<a href="#cite_note-197">[192]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sourcing_of_wood">Sourcing of wood</h3></div> The group is responsible for approximately 1% of world commercial-product wood consumption, making it the largest individual user of wood in the world.<a href="#cite_note-tnr-romania-198">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-IKEA_Group_Sustainability_Report_FY13-199">[194]</a> IKEA claims to use 99.5% recycled or <a href="/wiki/Forest_Stewardship_Council" title="Forest Stewardship Council">FSC</a>-certified wood.<a href="#cite_note-ikea-sustainability-report-2021-200">[195]</a> However, IKEA has been shown to be involved in unsustainable and most likely <a href="/wiki/Illegal_logging" title="Illegal logging">illegal logging</a> of old-growth and protected forests in multiple Eastern European countries in recent years.<a href="#cite_note-tnr-romania-198">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[197]</a> IKEA is the world's largest buyer and retailer of wood.<a href="#cite_note-tnr-romania-198">[193]</a> In 2015, IKEA claimed to use 1% of the world's supply of timber.<a href="#cite_note-203">[198]</a> According to IKEA's 2021 Sustainability Report, 99.5% of all wood that the company uses is either recycled or meets the standards of the <a href="/wiki/Forest_Stewardship_Council" title="Forest Stewardship Council">Forest Stewardship Council</a>. IKEA states that "[a]ll wood used for IKEA products must meet our critical requirements that ensure it's not (e.g.) sourced from illegally harvested forests [...]".<a href="#cite_note-ikea-sustainability-report-2021-200">[195]</a> However, despite these claims, IKEA has been involved in unsustainable and most likely illegal logging of wood in multiple Eastern European countries in recent years; see <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_IKEA#Wood_sourcing_practices" title="Criticism of IKEA">Criticism of IKEA</a>. IKEA owns about 136,000 acres of forest in the US and about 450,000 acres in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-204">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-205">[200]</a> On 14 January 2021, IKEA announced that Ingka Investments had acquired approximately 10,840 acres (4,386 hectares) near the <a href="/wiki/Altamaha_River" title="Altamaha River">Altamaha River</a> Basin in the U.S. state of <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> from <a href="/wiki/The_Conservation_Fund" title="The Conservation Fund">The Conservation Fund</a>. The acquisition comes with the agreement "to protect the land from fragmentation, restore the longleaf pine forest, and safe-guard the habitat of the gopher tortoise".<a href="#cite_note-206">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[202]</a> IKEA is reported to be the largest private landowner in Romania since 2015.<a href="#cite_note-tnr-romania-198">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_of_wood">Use of wood</h3></div> In 2011, the company examined its wood consumption and noticed that almost half of its global pine and spruce consumption was for the fabrication of <a href="/wiki/Pallets" class="mw-redirect" title="Pallets">pallets</a>. The company consequently started a transition to the use of paper pallets and the "Optiledge system".<a href="#cite_note-208">[203]</a> The OptiLedge product is totally recyclable, made from 100% virgin high-impact <a href="/wiki/Copolymer" title="Copolymer">copolymer</a> polypropylene (PP) plastic. The system is a "unit load alternative to the use of a pallet. The system consists of the OptiLedge (usually used in pairs), aligned and strapped to the bottom carton to form a base layer upon which to stack more products. Corner boards are used when strapping to minimize the potential for package compression." The conversion began in Germany and Japan, before its introduction into the rest of Europe and North America.<a href="#cite_note-209">[204]</a> The system has been marketed to other companies, and IKEA has formed the OptiLedge company to manage and sell the product.<a href="#cite_note-210">[205]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Packaging_and_bags">Packaging and bags</h3></div> Since March 2013, IKEA has stopped providing <a href="/wiki/Plastic_bag" title="Plastic bag">plastic bags</a> to customers, but offers <a href="/wiki/Reusable_shopping_bag" title="Reusable shopping bag">reusable bags</a> for sale.<a href="#cite_note-211">[206]</a> The IKEA restaurants also only offer reusable plates, knives, forks, spoons, etc. Toilets in some IKEA WC-rooms have been outfitted with <a href="/wiki/Dual_flush_toilet" title="Dual flush toilet">dual-function flushers</a>. IKEA has recycling bins for <a href="/wiki/Compact_fluorescent_lamps" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact fluorescent lamps">compact fluorescent lamps</a> (CFLs), energy-saving bulbs, and batteries. In 2001, IKEA was one of the first companies to operate its own cross-border goods trains through several countries in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-212">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electric_vehicles">Electric vehicles</h3></div> IKEA has expanded its sustainability plan in the UK to include electric car charge points for customers at all locations by the end of 2013.<a href="#cite_note-213">[208]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] The effort will include <a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ecotricity" title="Ecotricity">Ecotricity</a> and promise to deliver an 80% charge in 30 minutes.<a href="#cite_note-214">[209]</a> From 2016, IKEA has only sold energy-efficient <a href="/wiki/LED_lightbulb" class="mw-redirect" title="LED lightbulb">LED lightbulbs</a>, lamps and light fixtures. LED lightbulbs use as little as 15% of the power of a regular <a href="/wiki/Incandescent_light_bulb" title="Incandescent light bulb">incandescent light bulb</a>.<a href="#cite_note-215">[210]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Donations_made_by_IKEA">Donations made by IKEA</h2></div> The <a href="/wiki/Stichting_INGKA_Foundation" title="Stichting INGKA Foundation">INGKA Foundation</a> is officially dedicated to promoting "innovations in architecture and interior design".<a href="#cite_note-Economist,_May_11,_2006-159">[154]</a> The net worth of the foundation exceeded the net worth of the much better known <a href="/wiki/Gates_Foundation" title="Gates Foundation">Gates Foundation</a> (now the largest private foundation in the world) for a period.<a href="#cite_note-FoundationFactSheet-216">[211]</a> However, most of the Group's profit is spent on investment. IKEA is involved in several international charitable causes, particularly in partnership with <a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a>, including: <ul><li>In the wake of the <a href="/wiki/2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami" title="2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami">2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami</a>, IKEA Australia agreed to match dollar for dollar co-workers' donations and donated all sales of the IKEA Blue Bag to the cause.</li> <li>After the <a href="/wiki/2005_Kashmir_earthquake" title="2005 Kashmir earthquake">2005 Kashmir earthquake</a>, IKEA gave 500,000 blankets to the relief effort in the region.<a href="#cite_note-217">[212]</a></li> <li>IKEA has provided furniture for over 100 "bridge schools" in Liberia.<a href="#cite_note-218">[213]</a></li> <li>Following the <a href="/wiki/2008_Sichuan_earthquake" title="2008 Sichuan earthquake">2008 Sichuan earthquake</a> in China, IKEA Beijing sold an alligator toy for 40 <a href="/wiki/Renminbi" title="Renminbi">yuan</a> (US$5.83, €3.70) with all income going to the children in the earthquake struck area.</li> <li>In 2013, IKEA donated more than $2.6 million to UNICEF to help children and families affected by <a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Haiyan" title="Typhoon Haiyan">Typhoon Haiyan</a> in the Philippines.</li></ul> IKEA also supports <a href="/wiki/American_Forests" title="American Forests">American Forests</a> to restore forests and reduce pollution.<a href="#cite_note-219">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[215]</a> On 3 March 2022, IKEA announced €20 million donation to <a href="/wiki/UNHCR" class="mw-redirect" title="UNHCR">UNHCR</a> for relief support of Ukrainians who suffer from the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-221">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[217]</a> IKEA donated €10 million to <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Doctors Without Borders</a> for its work in Syria in response to the <a href="/wiki/2023_Turkey%E2%80%93Syria_earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake">2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake</a>.<a href="#cite_note-223">[218]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IKEA_Social_Initiative">IKEA Social Initiative</h3></div> In September 2005, IKEA Social Initiative was formed to manage the company's social involvement on a global level. IKEA Social Initiative is headed by Marianne Barner.<a href="#cite_note-224">[219]</a> The main partners of IKEA Social Initiative are UNICEF<a href="#cite_note-225">[220]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Save_the_Children" title="Save the Children">Save the Children</a>.<a href="#cite_note-226">[221]</a> On 23 February 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/ECOSOC" class="mw-redirect" title="ECOSOC">ECOSOC</a> event in New York, UNICEF announced that IKEA Social Initiative has become the agency's largest corporate partner, with total commitments of more than US$180 million (£281,079,000).<a href="#cite_note-227">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-228">[223]</a> Examples of involvements: <ul><li>The IKEA Social Initiative contributes €1 (£1.73) to UNICEF and <a href="/wiki/Save_the_Children" title="Save the Children">Save the Children</a> from each soft toy sold during the holiday seasons, raising a total of €16.7 million (£28.91 million) so far.<a href="#cite_note-229">[224]</a> In 2013, an IKEA soft toy, <a href="/wiki/Lufsig" title="Lufsig">Lufsig</a>, created a storm and sold out in Hong Kong and in Southern China because it had been misnamed in Chinese.<a href="#cite_note-20131210mcbain-230">[225]</a></li> <li>The IKEA Social Initiative provided soft toys to children in Burma after <a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Nargis" title="Cyclone Nargis">Cyclone Nargis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-231">[226]</a></li> <li>Starting in June 2009, for every Sunnan solar-powered lamp sold in IKEA stores worldwide, IKEA Social Initiative will donate one Sunnan with the help of UNICEF.<a href="#cite_note-232">[227]</a></li> <li>In September 2011,<a href="#cite_note-233">[228]</a> the IKEA Foundation pledged to donate $62 million to help Somali refugees in Kenya.<a href="#cite_note-TNY-23">[23]</a></li> <li>According to <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a>, however, IKEA's charitable giving is meager, "barely a rounding error in the foundation's assets".<a href="#cite_note-TNY-23">[23]</a></li></ul> In 2009, Sweden's largest television station, <a href="/wiki/Sveriges_Television" title="Sveriges Television">SVT</a>, revealed that IKEA's money—the three per cent collection from each store—does not actually go to a charitable foundation in the Netherlands, as IKEA has said. Inter IKEA is owned by a foundation in <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a>, called Interogo, which has amassed $12 billion (£18 billion), and is controlled by the Kamprad family.<a href="#cite_note-TNY-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marketing">Marketing</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Catalogue">Catalogue</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/IKEA_Catalogue" title="IKEA Catalogue">IKEA Catalogue</a></div> IKEA used to publish an annual catalogue, first published in Swedish in 1951.<a href="#cite_note-234">[229]</a> It is considered to be the main marketing tool of the company, consuming 70% of its annual marketing budget.<a href="#cite_note-235">[230]</a> The catalogue is distributed both in stores and by mail,<a href="#cite_note-236">[231]</a> with most of it being produced by IKEA Communications AB in IKEA's hometown of <a href="/wiki/%C3%84lmhult_Municipality" title="Älmhult Municipality">Älmhult</a>, Sweden.<a href="#cite_note-237">[232]</a> At its peak in 2016, 200 million copies of the catalogue were distributed in 32 languages to more than 50 markets.<a href="#cite_note-238">[233]</a> In December 2020, IKEA announced that they would cease publication of both the print and digital versions of the catalogue, with the 2021 edition (released in 2020) being the final edition.<a href="#cite_note-:02-239">[234]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IKEA_Family">IKEA Family</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEA_Family_card_from_Canada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/IKEA_Family_card_from_Canada.jpg/220px-IKEA_Family_card_from_Canada.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/IKEA_Family_card_from_Canada.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="155" /></a><figcaption>The IKEA Family card, issued in Canada, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 2012</figcaption></figure> In common with some other retailers, IKEA launched a <a href="/wiki/Loyalty_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Loyalty card">loyalty card</a> called "IKEA Family". The card is free of charge and can be used to obtain discounts on certain products found in-store. It is available worldwide. In conjunction with the card, IKEA also publishes and sells a printed quarterly magazine titled IKEA Family Live which supplements the card and catalogue. The magazine is already printed in thirteen languages and an English edition for the United Kingdom was launched in February 2007. It is expected to have a subscription of over 500,000.<a href="#cite_note-240">[235]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IKEA_Place_app">IKEA Place app</h3></div> On 12 September 2017, IKEA announced the augmented reality app, IKEA Place, following by Apple's release of its ARkit technology and <a href="/wiki/IOS_11" title="IOS 11">iOS 11</a>.<a href="#cite_note-241">[236]</a> IKEA Place helps consumers to visualize true to scale IKEA products into real environment.<a href="#cite_note-242">[237]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advertising">Advertising</h3></div> In 1994, IKEA ran a commercial in the United States, titled <a href="/wiki/Dining_Room_(advertisement)" title="Dining Room (advertisement)">Dining Room</a>, widely thought to be the first to feature a homosexual couple; it aired for several weeks before being withdrawn after calls for a boycott and a bomb threat directed at IKEA stores.<a href="#cite_note-243">[238]</a> Other IKEA commercials appeal to the wider <a href="/wiki/LGBTQ" title="LGBTQ">LGBTQ</a> community, one featuring a <a href="/wiki/Transgender" title="Transgender">transgender</a> woman.<a href="#cite_note-244">[239]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IKEABerlin.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/IKEABerlin.JPG/250px-IKEABerlin.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/IKEABerlin.JPG/330px-IKEABerlin.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/IKEABerlin.JPG/500px-IKEABerlin.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1239" data-file-height="1596" /></a><figcaption>German-Turkish advertisement in <a href="/wiki/Berlin-Neuk%C3%B6lln" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlin-Neukölln">Berlin-Neukölln</a></figcaption></figure> In 2002, the inaugural television component of the "Unböring" campaign, titled <a href="/wiki/Lamp_(advertisement)" title="Lamp (advertisement)">Lamp</a>, went on to win several awards, including a <a href="/wiki/Clio_Awards" title="Clio Awards">Grand Clio</a>,<a href="#cite_note-245">[240]</a> Golds at the London International Awards<a href="#cite_note-246">[241]</a> and the ANDY Awards,<a href="#cite_note-247">[242]</a> and the Grand Prix at the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Lions_International_Advertising_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival">Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival</a>,<a href="#cite_note-248">[243]</a> the most prestigious awards ceremony in the advertising community. A debate ensued between Fraser Patterson, Chief Executive of Onis, and Andrew McGuinness, partner at <a href="/wiki/Beattie_McGuinness_Bungay" class="mw-redirect" title="Beattie McGuinness Bungay">Beattie McGuinness Bungay</a> (BMB), the advertising and PR agency that was awarded the £12 million IKEA account.<a href="#cite_note-249">[244]</a><a href="#cite_note-250">[245]</a> The essence of the debate was that BMB claimed to be unaware of Onis's campaign as Onis was not an advertising agency. Onis's argument was that its advertising could be seen in prominent landmarks throughout London, having been already accredited, showing concern about the impact IKEA's campaign would have on the originality of its own. BMB and IKEA subsequently agreed to provide Onis with a feature page on the IKEA campaign site linking through to Onis's website for a period of one year. In 2008, IKEA paired up with the makers of video game <a href="/wiki/The_Sims_2" title="The Sims 2">The Sims 2</a> to make a <a href="/wiki/The_Sims_2_Stuff_packs" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sims 2 Stuff packs">stuff pack</a> called IKEA Home Stuff, featuring many IKEA products. It was released on 24 June 2008 in North America and 26 June 2008 in Europe. It is the second stuff pack with a major brand, the first being <a href="/wiki/The_Sims_2_Stuff_packs#H&M_Fashion_Stuff" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sims 2 Stuff packs">The Sims 2 H&M Fashion Stuff</a>. IKEA took over the title sponsorship of <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>'s annual <a href="/wiki/6abc_IKEA_Thanksgiving_Day_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="6abc IKEA Thanksgiving Day Parade">Thanksgiving Day parade</a> in 2008, replacing <a href="/wiki/Boscov%27s" title="Boscov's">Boscov's</a>, which filed for bankruptcy in August 2008. In November 2008, a subway train decorated in IKEA style was introduced in <a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk" title="Novosibirsk">Novosibirsk</a>, Russia.<a href="#cite_note-251">[246]</a> Four cars were turned into a mobile showroom of the Swedish design. The redesigned train, which features colourful seats and fancy curtains, carried passengers until 6 June 2009. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikea_subway.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ikea_subway.png/220px-Ikea_subway.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ikea_subway.png/330px-Ikea_subway.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Ikea_subway.png 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="248" /></a><figcaption>IKEA marketing campaign in the <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Paris Métro</a></figcaption></figure> In March 2010, IKEA developed an event in four important <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Métro</a> stations in Paris, in which furniture collections are displayed in high-traffic spots, giving potential customers a chance to check out the brand's products. The Métro walls were also filled with prints that showcase IKEA interiors. In September 2017, IKEA launched the "IKEA Human Catalogue" campaign, in which memory champion <a href="/wiki/Yanjaa" title="Yanjaa">Yanjaa Wintersoul</a> memorized all 328 pages of the catalogue in minute detail in just a week before its launch. To prove the legitimacy and accuracy of the campaign, live demonstrations were held at press conferences in IKEA stores across Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand as well as a <a href="/wiki/Facebook_live" class="mw-redirect" title="Facebook live">Facebook Live</a> event held at the Facebook Singapore headquarters and talk show demonstrations in the US with <a href="/wiki/Steve_Harvey" title="Steve Harvey">Steve Harvey</a> among others.<a href="#cite_note-252">[247]</a> The advertising campaign was hugely successful winning numerous industry awards including the <a href="/wiki/Webby_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Webby Award">Webby award</a> 2018 for best social media campaign,<a href="#cite_note-253">[248]</a> an <a href="/wiki/Ogilvy_%26_Mather" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogilvy & Mather">Ogilvy</a> award and is currently a contender for the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Lions_International_Festival_of_Creativity" title="Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity">Cannes Lions</a> 2018.<a href="#cite_note-254">[249]</a> In 2020, IKEA conducted a "Buy Back Friday" campaign with a message to present a new life to old furniture instead of offering customers to buy new items for Black Friday.<a href="#cite_note-255">[250]</a> In June 2021, IKEA said it had suspended adverts on <a href="/wiki/GB_News" title="GB News">GB News</a> because of concerns the channel's content would go against their aim to be inclusive. In a statement IKEA said: "We have safeguards in place to prevent our advertising from appearing on platforms that are not in line with our humanistic values. We are in the process of investigating how this may have occurred to ensure it won't happen again in future, and have suspended paid display advertising in the meantime."<a href="#cite_note-256">[251]</a> At the end of August 2023, IKEA launched a 6-second advertisement titled “Ads That Skip You” highlighting the benefits of neat organization.<a href="#cite_note-257">[252]</a><a href="#cite_note-258">[253]</a> Created by agency Leo Burnett India, the ad illustrates quickly finding items with time to press "skip ad."<a href="#cite_note-259">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-260">[255]</a><a href="#cite_note-261">[256]</a> The view-through rate exceeded expectations by over 35%, reaching above 90% in all targeted markets. Additionally, there was an overall increase of 32% in clicks compared to the original target.<a href="#cite_note-262">[257]</a> In September 2024, IKEA added a fresh twist to its marketing strategy by transforming everyday windows into out-of-home advertising spaces.<a href="#cite_note-263">[258]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2></div> In 2018, the company's plush toy shark "<a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A5haj" title="Blåhaj">Blåhaj</a>" was widely used in an <a href="/wiki/Internet_meme" title="Internet meme">internet meme</a>,<a href="#cite_note-264">[259]</a><a href="#cite_note-265">[260]</a><a href="#cite_note-266">[261]</a> with social media users posting humorous photos of it in their homes.<a href="#cite_note-267">[262]</a> IKEA has been referenced a number of times in novelty music. In 2003, American musician <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Coulton" title="Jonathan Coulton">Jonathan Coulton</a> released the song "IKEA" on the album <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Coulton#Discography" title="Jonathan Coulton">Smoking Monkey</a>. In 2005, British musician <a href="/wiki/Mitch_Benn" title="Mitch Benn">Mitch Benn</a> with the band <a href="/wiki/The_Distractions" title="The Distractions">The Distractions</a> penned the <a href="/wiki/Novelty_song" title="Novelty song">novelty song</a> "Ikea".<a href="#cite_note-268">[263]</a> In December 2019, <a href="/wiki/Comedy_metal" class="mw-redirect" title="Comedy metal">comedy metal</a> band <a href="/wiki/Nanowar_of_Steel" title="Nanowar of Steel">Nanowar of Steel</a> released the song Valhallelujah which is dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a> and IKEA. The music video features a <a href="/wiki/Longship" title="Longship">longship</a> with the sail adorned with the IKEA logo, and a fictional IKEA catalogue written in <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a> <a href="/wiki/Runes" title="Runes">runes</a>. The lyrics include references to various IKEA products, namely BEDDINGE, KIVIK, VITTSJÖ, KNOPPARP, BESTÅ and SLATTUM.<a href="#cite_note-269">[264]</a> The 1999 American movie <a href="/wiki/Fight_Club" title="Fight Club">Fight Club</a> references IKEA furniture to show the consumerist culture of modern times. IKEA stores have been featured in many works of fiction. Some examples include: <ul><li>The 1986 Swedish <a href="/wiki/Crime_comedy_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime comedy film">crime comedy film</a> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nssonligan_dyker_upp_igen" title="Jönssonligan dyker upp igen">Jönssonligan dyker upp igen</a> features a failed robbery of the IKEA store at <a href="/wiki/Kungens_Kurva" title="Kungens Kurva">Kungens Kurva</a> by the eponymous gang.<a href="#cite_note-270">[265]</a></li> <li>The 2009 American film <a href="/wiki/500_Days_of_Summer" title="500 Days of Summer">500 Days of Summer</a> features the main characters flirting around the showroom of an IKEA store. It was filmed on-location at an IKEA store. One of the tracks from the film's score is entitled "Ikea" to reflect the scene.<a href="#cite_note-271">[266]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Heights" title="IKEA Heights">IKEA Heights</a>, a 2009 comedic melodrama web series, was <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_filmmaking" title="Guerrilla filmmaking">filmed without permission</a> in an IKEA store.<a href="#cite_note-272">[267]</a></li> <li>The 2014 novel The Extraordinary Journey of the Fakir Who Got Trapped in an Ikea Wardrobe by French author <a href="/wiki/Romain_Puertolas" title="Romain Puertolas">Romain Puertolas</a> features a trip to an IKEA store in Paris, France.<a href="#cite_note-273">[268]</a></li> <li>The 2014 horror comedy novel <a href="/wiki/Horrorst%C3%B6r" title="Horrorstör">Horrorstör</a> is set in a haunted store called ORSK, modelled on IKEA, and the novel is designed to look like the IKEA catalogue.<a href="#cite_note-274">[269]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/SCP_Foundation" title="SCP Foundation">SCP Foundation</a>, an online collaborative horror writing community documenting fictional anomalies, features an entry (numbered SCP-3008) originating in 2017 about an IKEA store which is notably bigger on the inside than its exterior implies, and from which escaping is difficult.<a href="#cite_note-3008article-275">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-276">[271]</a> The interior of this store is populated by entities dressed in IKEA staff attire, resembling highly deformed, faceless humanoids, which are normally passive during the "day" (when the lights are switched on) but become aggressive during the "night" (when the lights are switched off), informing 'customers' to "leave the store", and enforcing this if not listened to. <ul><li>A number of <a href="/wiki/Survival_horror" title="Survival horror">survival horror</a> video games have been created based on SCP-3008.<a href="#cite_note-277">[272]</a></li></ul></li> <li>The 2021 children's picture book Bears Out of The Box features IKEA's Fabler Bjorn doll, who is trying to venture outside the store.<a href="#cite_note-278">[273]</a><a href="#cite_note-279">[274]</a><a href="#cite_note-280">[275]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_IKEA" title="Criticism of IKEA">Criticism of IKEA</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> Ceased operations in 1986, re-opened in 2006 </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> Then <a href="/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">British Hong Kong</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Czechoslovakia-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Czechoslovakia_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Czechoslovakia_56-1">b</a> Then part of <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> Then part of <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> Ceased operations in 2022<a href="#cite_note-wsj-russia-58">[54]</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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Retrieved 8 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=House+Perfect&rft.date=2011-09-26&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2011%2F10%2F03%2Fhouse-perfect&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ikea.com/us/en/this-is-ikea/about-us/our-heritage-pubde78e100#:~:text=Did%20you%20know?,%22">"About IKEA – Our heritage"</a>. www.ikea.com. 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Retrieved 26 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ikea.com&rft.atitle=IKEA+Stores+-+Furniture+%26+Home+Furnishing+Store&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ikea.com%2Fin%2Fen%2Fstores%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/multimedia/slideshow/11/25/21/look-ikea-opens-worlds-largest-outlet-in-pasay">""Ikea Opens World's Largest Outlet in Pasay", ABS-CBN News, November 25 2021"</a>. Abs-CBN News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211213184419/https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/multimedia/slideshow/11/25/21/look-ikea-opens-worlds-largest-outlet-in-pasay">Archived</a> from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abs-CBN+News&rft.atitle=%22Ikea+Opens+World%27s+Largest+Outlet+in+Pasay%22%2C+ABS-CBN+News%2C+November+25+2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fbusiness%2Fmultimedia%2Fslideshow%2F11%2F25%2F21%2Flook-ikea-opens-worlds-largest-outlet-in-pasay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211125021220/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/lifestyle/2021/11/12/IKEA-Philippines-physical-store-opening.html">"World's biggest IKEA store opens in PH on Nov. 25"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/lifestyle/2021/11/12/IKEA-Philippines-physical-store-opening.html">the original</a> on 25 November 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=World%27s+biggest+IKEA+store+opens+in+PH+on+Nov.+25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Flifestyle%2F2021%2F11%2F12%2FIKEA-Philippines-physical-store-opening.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVenzon2021" class="citation web cs1">Venzon, Cliff (25 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Retail/Ikea-opens-first-outlet-in-Philippines-its-largest-globally">"Ikea opens first outlet in Philippines – its largest globally"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nikkei_Asia" title="Nikkei Asia">Nikkei Asia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211125060431/https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Retail/Ikea-opens-first-outlet-in-Philippines-its-largest-globally">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nikkei+Asia&rft.atitle=Ikea+opens+first+outlet+in+Philippines+%E2%80%93+its+largest+globally&rft.date=2021-11-25&rft.aulast=Venzon&rft.aufirst=Cliff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fasia.nikkei.com%2FBusiness%2FRetail%2FIkea-opens-first-outlet-in-Philippines-its-largest-globally&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFenol2021" class="citation web cs1">Fenol, Jessica (25 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/11/25/21/ikea-in-ph-opens-to-public-with-no-booking-no-shopping-policy">"IKEA Pasay City opens to public on Nov. 25 with 'no booking, no shopping' policy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220307210038/https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/11/25/21/ikea-in-ph-opens-to-public-with-no-booking-no-shopping-policy">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=IKEA+Pasay+City+opens+to+public+on+Nov.+25+with+%27no+booking%2C+no+shopping%27+policy&rft.date=2021-11-25&rft.aulast=Fenol&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fbusiness%2F11%2F25%2F21%2Fikea-in-ph-opens-to-public-with-no-booking-no-shopping-policy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRingstrom2022" class="citation news cs1">Ringstrom, Anna (15 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/ikea-further-scale-down-operations-russia-2022-06-15/">"IKEA puts Russian factories up for sale, plans job cuts"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616002258/https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/ikea-further-scale-down-operations-russia-2022-06-15/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=IKEA+puts+Russian+factories+up+for+sale%2C+plans+job+cuts&rft.date=2022-06-15&rft.aulast=Ringstrom&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Fretail-consumer%2Fikea-further-scale-down-operations-russia-2022-06-15%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.ru/ekonomika/15552677">"Источник: IKEA не планирует продавать бизнес в России и хочет вернуться в течение двух лет"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/TASS" title="TASS">TASS</a>. 24 August 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827220008/https://tass.ru/ekonomika/15552677">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2022. Retrieved 27 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%3A+IKEA+%D0%BD%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81+%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%B2+%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%85+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82&rft.date=2022-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.ru%2Fekonomika%2F15552677&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.banki.ru/news/lenta/?id=10973782">"IKEA уволила 10 тыс. сотрудников в России"</a>. banki.ru (in Russian). 13 October 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221014091743/https://www.banki.ru/news/lenta/?id=10973782">Archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=banki.ru&rft.atitle=IKEA+%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0+10+%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81.+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2022-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.banki.ru%2Fnews%2Flenta%2F%3Fid%3D10973782&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rbc.ru/business/28/09/2023/65152bdd9a79472f909286a3">"Газпромбанк купил торговые центры "Мега" у экс-владельца IKEA в России"</a>. RBK. 28 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RBK&rft.atitle=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA+%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B+%22%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%22+%D1%83+%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81-%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B0+IKEA+%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2023-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rbc.ru%2Fbusiness%2F28%2F09%2F2023%2F65152bdd9a79472f909286a3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/may/22/ikea-reopen-stores-uk-lockdown-furniture-covid-19">"Ikea to reopen 19 stores during UK lockdown"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. 22 May 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220618151530/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/may/22/ikea-reopen-stores-uk-lockdown-furniture-covid-19">Archived</a> from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ikea+to+reopen+19+stores+during+UK+lockdown&rft.date=2020-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2020%2Fmay%2F22%2Fikea-reopen-stores-uk-lockdown-furniture-covid-19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ottawa.ctvnews.ca/ikea-reopens-in-ottawa-during-covid-19-pandemic-1.4955033">"IKEA reopens in Ottawa during COVID-19 pandemic"</a>. 26 May 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230406210005/https://ottawa.ctvnews.ca/ikea-reopens-in-ottawa-during-covid-19-pandemic-1.4955033">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2023. Retrieved 18 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IKEA+reopens+in+Ottawa+during+COVID-19+pandemic&rft.date=2020-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fottawa.ctvnews.ca%2Fikea-reopens-in-ottawa-during-covid-19-pandemic-1.4955033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/dec/07/ikea-to-stop-printing-catalogue-after-70-years-as-customers-move-online">"Ikea to stop printing catalogue after 'successful career' that spanned 70 years"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. 7 December 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220618151529/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/dec/07/ikea-to-stop-printing-catalogue-after-70-years-as-customers-move-online">Archived</a> from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ikea+to+stop+printing+catalogue+after+%27successful+career%27+that+spanned+70+years&rft.date=2020-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2020%2Fdec%2F07%2Fikea-to-stop-printing-catalogue-after-70-years-as-customers-move-online&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFValinsky2020" class="citation web cs1">Valinsky, Jordan (7 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2020/12/07/business/ikea-catalog/index.html">"Ikea is killing off its catalog after 70 years"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Business" title="CNN Business">CNN Business</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220618151507/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/12/07/business/ikea-catalog/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN+Business&rft.atitle=Ikea+is+killing+off+its+catalog+after+70+years&rft.date=2020-12-07&rft.aulast=Valinsky&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2020%2F12%2F07%2Fbusiness%2Fikea-catalog%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ikea-hiking-prices-supply-chain-crisis-retail-furniture-2021-12">"Ikea is hiking its prices by nearly 10% as the supply chain crisis continues to disrupt its operations"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220703150932/https://www.businessinsider.com/ikea-hiking-prices-supply-chain-crisis-retail-furniture-2021-12">Archived</a> from the original on 3 July 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ikea+is+hiking+its+prices+by+nearly+10%25+as+the+supply+chain+crisis+continues+to+disrupt+its+operations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fikea-hiking-prices-supply-chain-crisis-retail-furniture-2021-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yicaiglobal.com/news/ikea-closes-shanghai-yangpu-store-as-covid-changes-retail">"Ikea Closes Shanghai's Yangpu Store as Covid Changes Retail"</a>. www.yicaiglobal.com. Retrieved 23 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.yicaiglobal.com&rft.atitle=Ikea+Closes+Shanghai%27s+Yangpu+Store+as+Covid+Changes+Retail&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yicaiglobal.com%2Fnews%2Fikea-closes-shanghai-yangpu-store-as-covid-changes-retail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFS.A.S2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">S.A.S, Editorial La República (28 September 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larepublica.co/empresas/abrimos-el-ikea-mas-grande-de-america-latina-para-recibir-4-800-clientes-al-dia-3715077">"Abrimos el Ikea más grande de América Latina para recibir a 4.800 clientes cada día"</a>. Diario La República (in Spanish). 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Retrieved 10 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fimela.com&rft.atitle=IKEA+Buka+di+Bali%2C+Jadi+Gerai+Terkecil+dan+Artsy+di+Indonesia&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft.au=Fimela.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fimela.com%2Flifestyle%2Fread%2F4715276%2Fikea-buka-di-bali-jadi-gerai-terkecil-dan-artsy-di-indonesia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://idea.grid.id/read/093001567/akomodasi-umkm-lokal-ikea-bali-resmi-dibuka-visual-toko-gabungkan-budaya-swedia-dan-bali?page=all">"Akomodasi UMKM Lokal, IKEA Bali Resmi Dibuka, Visual Toko Gabungkan Budaya Swedia dan Bali"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230406210008/https://idea.grid.id/read/093001567/akomodasi-umkm-lokal-ikea-bali-resmi-dibuka-visual-toko-gabungkan-budaya-swedia-dan-bali?page=all">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2023. 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Retrieved 10 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=detikfinance&rft.atitle=Buka+Cabang+di+Bali%2C+IKEA+Juga+Jualan+Produk+Lokal&rft.aulast=Afriyadi&rft.aufirst=Achmad+Dwi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffinance.detik.com%2Fberita-ekonomi-bisnis%2Fd-5823406%2Fbuka-cabang-di-bali-ikea-juga-jualan-produk-lokal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.retailgazette.co.uk/blog/2022/02/first-look-ikea-opens-first-city-centre-shopping-mall-in-west-london/">"First look: Ikea opens first city centre shopping mall in west London"</a>. retailgazette.co.uk. 24 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220228005854/https://www.retailgazette.co.uk/blog/2022/02/first-look-ikea-opens-first-city-centre-shopping-mall-in-west-london/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=retailgazette.co.uk&rft.atitle=First+look%3A+Ikea+opens+first+city+centre+shopping+mall+in+west+London&rft.date=2022-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.retailgazette.co.uk%2Fblog%2F2022%2F02%2Ffirst-look-ikea-opens-first-city-centre-shopping-mall-in-west-london%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://secretldn.com/ikea-hammersmith-store/">"IKEA Are Opening A Brand New Store In Hammersmith This Year"</a>. 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Retrieved 21 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LBHF&rft.atitle=Boost+for+Hammersmith+as+IKEA+opens+new+store+in+new-look+mall&rft.date=2022-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lbhf.gov.uk%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F2022%2F02%2Fboost-hammersmith-ikea-opens-new-store-new-look-mall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://insideretail.asia/2021/11/03/ikea-to-open-first-mall-store-in-indonesia/">"Ikea to open first mall store in Indonesia"</a>. Inside Retail. 3 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220625144633/https://insideretail.asia/2021/11/03/ikea-to-open-first-mall-store-in-indonesia/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 June 2022. 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Retrieved 21 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IKEA+Indonesia&rft.atitle=IKEA+Indonesia+Resmi+Bangun+Konsep+Toko+Baru+di+Mall+Taman+Anggrek&rft.date=2021-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ikea.co.id%2Fin%2Fruang-berita%2Fberita%2Fumum%2Fdetail%2Fikea-indonesia-resmi-bangun-konsep-toko-baru-di-mall-taman-anggrek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kumparan.com/kumparanwoman/ikea-buka-gerai-baru-di-mal-taman-anggrek-hadirkan-konsep-city-store-pertama-1xr11A1KGcy">"IKEA Buka Gerai Baru di Mal Taman Anggrek, Hadirkan Konsep City Store Pertama"</a>. kumparan (in Indonesian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220410041539/https://kumparan.com/kumparanwoman/ikea-buka-gerai-baru-di-mal-taman-anggrek-hadirkan-konsep-city-store-pertama-1xr11A1KGcy">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kumparan&rft.atitle=IKEA+Buka+Gerai+Baru+di+Mal+Taman+Anggrek%2C+Hadirkan+Konsep+City+Store+Pertama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkumparan.com%2Fkumparanwoman%2Fikea-buka-gerai-baru-di-mal-taman-anggrek-hadirkan-konsep-city-store-pertama-1xr11A1KGcy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://idea.grid.id/read/093226642/buka-gerai-baru-di-mall-taman-anggrek-ini-dia-jam-operasional-ikea-cabang-ke-6">"Buka Gerai Baru di Mall Taman Anggrek, Ini Dia Jam Operasional IKEA Cabang Ke-6 – iDEA"</a>. idea.grid.id (in Indonesian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230406210011/https://idea.grid.id/read/093226642/buka-gerai-baru-di-mall-taman-anggrek-ini-dia-jam-operasional-ikea-cabang-ke-6">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2023. 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Retrieved 8 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired+UK&rft.atitle=IKEA%27s+fancy+new+AR+app+lets+you+design+entire+rooms&rft.issn=1357-0978&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fikea-studio-ar-app&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/uk/products/ikea-tradfri-smart-lighting-kit/review/">"Ikea Tradfri Smart Lighting Kit"</a>. CNET. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170520214804/https://www.cnet.com/uk/products/ikea-tradfri-smart-lighting-kit/review/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2017. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.badatz.biz/biz/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%94-%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9F-%D7%9C%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F/">the original</a> on 16 April 2015. 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Retrieved 14 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Ikea+paid+millions+to+Romania%27s+communist+secret+police+in+1980s&rft.date=2014-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Farticle%2F1548113%2Fikea-paid-millions-romanias-communist-secret-police-1980s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cse.google.com/cse?cx=011669139259916526426:ikoewsmuaba&ie=windows-1250&q=ikea&sa=C%C4%83utare&siteurl=www.cnsas.ro/&ref=&ss=303j38345j4#gsc.tab=0&gsc.q=ikea&gsc.page=1">"Programmable Search Engine"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230214053338/https://cse.google.com/cse?cx=011669139259916526426:ikoewsmuaba&ie=windows-1250&q=ikea&sa=C%C4%83utare&siteurl=www.cnsas.ro/&ref=&ss=303j38345j4#gsc.tab=0&gsc.q=ikea&gsc.page=1">Archived</a> from the original on 14 February 2023. Retrieved 14 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Programmable+Search+Engine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcse.google.com%2Fcse%3Fcx%3D011669139259916526426%3Aikoewsmuaba%26ie%3Dwindows-1250%26q%3Dikea%26sa%3DC%25C4%2583utare%26siteurl%3Dwww.cnsas.ro%2F%26ref%3D%26ss%3D303j38345j4%23gsc.tab%3D0%26gsc.q%3Dikea%26gsc.page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRingstrom2021" class="citation web cs1">Ringstrom, Anna (14 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalnews.ca/news/8265916/ikea-supply-chain-shortages-2022/">"IKEA expects supply chain disruptions into 2022 as it fights 'perfect storm'"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220206164829/https://globalnews.ca/news/8265916/ikea-supply-chain-shortages-2022/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 February 2022. Retrieved 6 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IKEA+expects+supply+chain+disruptions+into+2022+as+it+fights+%27perfect+storm%27&rft.date=2021-10-14&rft.aulast=Ringstrom&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalnews.ca%2Fnews%2F8265916%2Fikea-supply-chain-shortages-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPanwarPinkseDe_Marchi2022" class="citation journal cs1">Panwar, Rajat; Pinkse, Jonatan; De Marchi, Valentina (February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00081256211073355">"The Future of Global Supply Chains in a Post-COVID-19 World"</a>. California Management Review. 64 (2): 5–23. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00081256211073355">10.1177/00081256211073355</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/11577%2F3419577">11577/3419577</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0008-1256">0008-1256</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246777087">246777087</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+Management+Review&rft.atitle=The+Future+of+Global+Supply+Chains+in+a+Post-COVID-19+World&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E5-%3C%2Fspan%3E23&rft.date=2022-02&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F11577%2F3419577&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A246777087%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0008-1256&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F00081256211073355&rft.aulast=Panwar&rft.aufirst=Rajat&rft.au=Pinkse%2C+Jonatan&rft.au=De+Marchi%2C+Valentina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1177%252F00081256211073355&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_News-175"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News_175-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-58912045">"Ikea warns stock shortages to last into next year"</a>. BBC News. 15 October 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220614072121/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-58912045">Archived</a> from the original on 14 June 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Ikea+warns+stock+shortages+to+last+into+next+year&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-58912045&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT111612-176"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT111612_176-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNicholas_KulishJulia_Werdigier2012" class="citation news cs1">Nicholas Kulish; Julia Werdigier (16 November 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/17/business/global/ikea-to-report-on-allegations-of-using-forced-labor-during-cold-war.html">"Ikea Admits Forced Labor Was Used in 1980s"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220103/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/17/business/global/ikea-to-report-on-allegations-of-using-forced-labor-during-cold-war.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ikea+Admits+Forced+Labor+Was+Used+in+1980s&rft.date=2012-11-16&rft.au=Nicholas+Kulish&rft.au=Julia+Werdigier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F11%2F17%2Fbusiness%2Fglobal%2Fikea-to-report-on-allegations-of-using-forced-labor-during-cold-war.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCain2018" class="citation web cs1">Cain, Áine (3 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/ikea-accused-of-anti-union-tactics-2018-10">"Unions are accusing IKEA of cracking down on Massachusetts workers in a series of 'captive-audience' meetings featuring fear-mongering PowerPoints"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220708140505/https://www.businessinsider.com/ikea-accused-of-anti-union-tactics-2018-10">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=Unions+are+accusing+IKEA+of+cracking+down+on+Massachusetts+workers+in+a+series+of+%27captive-audience%27+meetings+featuring+fear-mongering+PowerPoints&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft.aulast=Cain&rft.aufirst=%C3%81ine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fikea-accused-of-anti-union-tactics-2018-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRingstrom2018" class="citation news cs1">Ringstrom, Anna (27 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ikea-unions-idUSKCN1M721G">"Unions accuse IKEA of undermining workers' rights in three markets"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220708140504/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ikea-unions-idUSKCN1M721G">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Unions+accuse+IKEA+of+undermining+workers%27+rights+in+three+markets&rft.date=2018-09-27&rft.aulast=Ringstrom&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-ikea-unions-idUSKCN1M721G&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20040921005210/en/IKEA-Named-Working-Mother-Magazines-100-Companies">"IKEA Named to Working Mother Magazine's '100 Best Companies for Working Mothers' for Second Consecutive Year"</a>. businesswire.com. 21 September 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200815030512/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20040921005210/en/IKEA-Named-Working-Mother-Magazines-100-Companies">Archived</a> from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 11 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=businesswire.com&rft.atitle=IKEA+Named+to+Working+Mother+Magazine%27s+%27100+Best+Companies+for+Working+Mothers%27+for+Second+Consecutive+Year&rft.date=2004-09-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesswire.com%2Fnews%2Fhome%2F20040921005210%2Fen%2FIKEA-Named-Working-Mother-Magazines-100-Companies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluta.ca/top-employer-ikea-canada">"Reasons for Selection, 2009 Canada's Top 100 Employers Competition"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130122010834/http://www.eluta.ca/top-employer-ikea-canada">Archived</a> from the original on 22 January 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Reasons+for+Selection%2C+2009+Canada%27s+Top+100+Employers+Competition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluta.ca%2Ftop-employer-ikea-canada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peterre.info/ikea/formaldehyde/">"Ikea and formaldehyde"</a>. unknown (2003 to 6 February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181121042415/http://www.peterre.info/ikea/formaldehyde/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ikea+and+formaldehyde&rft.pub=unknown+%282003+to+6+February+2004%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.peterre.info%2Fikea%2Fformaldehyde%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130625033018/http://www.ikeafans.com/forums/articles/5107-formaldehyde-other-vocs.html">"Formaldehyde and other VOC's"</a>. ikeafans.com. February 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ikeafans.com/forums/articles/5107-formaldehyde-other-vocs.html">the original</a> on 25 June 2013. Retrieved 2 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Formaldehyde+and+other+VOC%27s&rft.pub=ikeafans.com&rft.date=1998-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ikeafans.com%2Fforums%2Farticles%2F5107-formaldehyde-other-vocs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGrayson2011" class="citation news cs1">Grayson, Jennifer (26 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/eco-etiquette-should-i-fr_b_814096">"Eco Etiquette: Should I Freak Out About Formaldehyde In Baby Furniture?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">HuffPost</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200922215154/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/eco-etiquette-should-i-fr_b_814096">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Eco+Etiquette%3A+Should+I+Freak+Out+About+Formaldehyde+In+Baby+Furniture%3F&rft.date=2011-01-26&rft.aulast=Grayson&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffpost.com%2Fentry%2Feco-etiquette-should-i-fr_b_814096&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> See Bartlett, Dessain, Sjöman (2006) – Ikea's Global Sourcing Challenge: Indian Rugs and Child Labour (A) in Harvard Business School </li> <li id="cite_note-Owens-185">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Owens_185-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Owens_185-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Owens_185-2">c</a> Owens, Heidi (1998) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ortns.org/documents/Ikea.pdf">Ikea: A Natural Step Case Study</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051125152924/http://www.ortns.org/documents/Ikea.pdf">Archived</a> 25 November 2005 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Oregon Natural Step Network. Retrieved 6 April 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSherwood_Stranieri2008" class="citation web cs1">Sherwood Stranieri (17 July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usingbicycles.blogspot.com/2008/07/ikea-bikes-no-theyre-not-made-of.html">"IKEA Bikes (no, they're not made of plywood)"</a>. Using Bicycles. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201109032431/http://usingbicycles.blogspot.com/2008/07/ikea-bikes-no-theyre-not-made-of.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Using+Bicycles&rft.atitle=IKEA+Bikes+%28no%2C+they%27re+not+made+of+plywood%29&rft.date=2008-07-17&rft.au=Sherwood+Stranieri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusingbicycles.blogspot.com%2F2008%2F07%2Fikea-bikes-no-theyre-not-made-of.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFadmin2023" class="citation web cs1">admin (21 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://decormastery.com/ikea-bedroom-furniture/">"Unveiling the Elegance: Transform Your Space with IKEA Bedroom Furniture Sets"</a>. Decor Mastery. 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Retrieved 25 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=brc.org.uk&rft.atitle=Better+Retail%2C+Better+World&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrc.org.uk%2Fmaking-a-difference%2Fpriorities%2Fbetter-retail-better-world%2F%23WHO%27S%2520TAKING%2520ACTION&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190226181231/https://www.ikea.com/ms/en_US/pdf/reports-downloads/sustainability-strategy-people-and-planet-positive.pdf">"IKEA Group Sustainability Strategy 2016"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved 26 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mysa&rft.atitle=Ikea+acquires+42%2C000+acres+of+forestland+in+East+Texas&rft.date=2019-11-22&rft.aulast=Takahashi&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mysanantonio.com%2Fbusiness%2Fretail%2Farticle%2FIKEA-acquires-42-000-acres-of-forestland-in-East-14853600.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlaa_Elassar2021" class="citation news cs1">Alaa Elassar (31 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/31/us/ikea-forest-georgia-protect-trnd-scn/index.html">"Ikea bought 11,000 acres of forest in Georgia to protect it from development"</a>. 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Retrieved 2 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ikea.com&rft.atitle=Ingka+Investments+acquires+forestland+in+United+States+from+The+Conservation+Fund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ikea.com%2Fus%2Fen%2Fthis-is-ikea%2Fnewsroom%2Fingka-investments-acquires-forestland-in-united-states-from-the-conservation-fund-pub70656d40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFElassar2021" class="citation news cs1">Elassar, Alaa (31 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/31/us/ikea-forest-georgia-protect-trnd-scn/index.html">"Ikea bought 11,000 acres of forest in Georgia to protect it from development"</a>. 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Retrieved 18 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Insider&rft.atitle=A+toy+shark+from+IKEA+has+blown+up+on+TikTok+as+creators+say+it+provides+them+with+a+unique+kind+of+comfort+and+community&rft.aulast=Samson&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insider.com%2Fikea-blahaj-shark-toy-tiktok-viral-videos-2022-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYap2020" class="citation web cs1">Yap, Mae Yen (20 January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sea.mashable.com/culture/8683/someone-created-a-twitter-account-of-the-ikea-shark-going-about-life-and-its-adorable">"Someone created a Twitter account of the IKEA shark going about life and it's adorable"</a>. 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Retrieved 28 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Zealand+Herald&rft.atitle=Eight+surprising+facts+about+500+Days+of+Summer&rft.date=2019-07-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Fentertainment%2Fnews%2Farticle.cfm%3Fc_id%3D1501119%26objectid%3D12251047&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><a href="#cite_ref-272">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNeil2009" class="citation web cs1">Neil, Dan (8 September 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-sep-08-fi-neil8-story.html">"Virality erupts at IKEA in Burbank"</a>. Los Angeles Times. 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Retrieved 13 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Steam+Community&rft.atitle=Steam+Workshop+%3A%3A+SCP+3008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsteamcommunity.com%2Fsharedfiles%2Ffiledetails%2F%3Fid%3D1851742206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-278"><a href="#cite_ref-278">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europebooks.co.uk/bears-out-of-the-box-stefan-cebo/">"BEARS OUT OF THE BOX – Stefan Cebo – EuropeBooks"</a> (in Italian). 23 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716053341/http://www.europebooks.co.uk/bears-out-of-the-box-stefan-cebo/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BEARS+OUT+OF+THE+BOX+%E2%80%93+Stefan+Cebo+%E2%80%93+EuropeBooks&rft.date=2021-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europebooks.co.uk%2Fbears-out-of-the-box-stefan-cebo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-279"><a href="#cite_ref-279">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/BEARS-OUT-BOX-build-universes/dp/B08MSMJ4DM">BEARS OUT OF THE BOX Pocket Book – January 22, 2021</a>. Europa Ediciones. 22 January 2021. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-12-201-0410-4" title="Special:BookSources/979-12-201-0410-4"><bdi>979-12-201-0410-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716053340/https://www.amazon.com/BEARS-OUT-BOX-build-universes/dp/B08MSMJ4DM">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2022. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=BEARS+OUT+OF+THE+BOX+Pocket+Book+%E2%80%93+January+22%2C+2021&rft.pub=Europa+Ediciones&rft.date=2021-01-22&rft.isbn=979-12-201-0410-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FBEARS-OUT-BOX-build-universes%2Fdp%2FB08MSMJ4DM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/work/best_book/77636740-bears-out-of-the-box">"Bears out of the Box"</a>. goodreads.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230421205341/https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/52371370-bears-out-of-the-box">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=goodreads.com&rft.atitle=Bears+out+of+the+Box&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fwork%2Fbest_book%2F77636740-bears-out-of-the-box&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIKEA" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/IKEA" class="extiw" title="commons:IKEA">IKEA</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ikea.com">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opencorporates.com/corporate_groupings/IKEA">IKEA companies</a> grouped at <a href="/wiki/OpenCorporates" title="OpenCorporates">OpenCorporates</a></li> <li>Business data for IKEA International A/S: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/5118386">Google</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/42/42925">Yahoo!</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Major_retail_companies250" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Major_retail_companies" title="Template:Major retail companies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Major_retail_companies" title="Template talk:Major retail companies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Major_retail_companies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Major retail companies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Major_retail_companies250" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Major <a href="/wiki/Retail" title="Retail">retail</a> companies</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Companies with global retail sales of over US$25 billion (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://consulting.kantar.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/2019-Kantar-Global-Top-50.pdf">according to</a> <a href="/wiki/Kantar_Group" title="Kantar Group">Kantar Group</a>, in order of decreasing revenue)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costco" title="Costco">Costco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwarz_Gruppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Schwarz Gruppe">Schwarz Gruppe</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/Lidl" title="Lidl">Lidl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kaufland" title="Kaufland">Kaufland</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kroger" title="Kroger">Kroger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walgreens_Boots_Alliance" title="Walgreens Boots Alliance">Walgreens Boots Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldi" title="Aldi">Aldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Home_Depot" class="mw-redirect" title="The Home Depot">The Home Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrefour" title="Carrefour">Carrefour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD.com" title="JD.com">JD.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_%26_i_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven & i Holdings">Seven & i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CVS_Pharmacy" title="CVS Pharmacy">CVS Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahold_Delhaize" title="Ahold Delhaize">Ahold Delhaize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Target_Corporation" title="Target Corporation">Target Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AEON_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="AEON (company)">AEON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowe%27s" title="Lowe's">Lowe's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auchan" title="Auchan">Auchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edeka" title="Edeka">Edeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albertsons" title="Albertsons">Albertsons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">IKEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/REWE_Group" title="REWE Group">REWE Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupe_Casino" title="Groupe Casino">Groupe Casino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Group" title="Alibaba Group">Alibaba Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.Leclerc" title="E.Leclerc">E.Leclerc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermarch%C3%A9" title="Intermarché">Intermarché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Best_Buy" title="Best Buy">Best Buy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolworths_Group_(Australia)" title="Woolworths Group (Australia)">Woolworths Group (Australia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_AG" title="Metro AG">Metro AG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TJX_Companies" title="TJX Companies">TJX Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publix" title="Publix">Publix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainsbury%27s" title="Sainsbury's">Sainsbury's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FamilyMart" title="FamilyMart">FamilyMart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercadona" title="Mercadona">Mercadona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loblaw_Companies" title="Loblaw Companies">Loblaw Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coles_Group" title="Coles Group">Coles Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%26M" title="H&M">H&M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suning.com" title="Suning.com">Suning.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Resources_Enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="China Resources Enterprise">China Resources Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X5_Group" title="X5 Group">X5 Group</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/Pyaterochka" title="Pyaterochka">Pyaterochka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Perekrestok_(supermarket_chain)" title="Perekrestok (supermarket chain)">Perekrestok</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-E-B" title="H-E-B">H-E-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollar_General" title="Dollar General">Dollar General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceconomy" title="Ceconomy">Ceconomy</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/MediaMarkt" title="MediaMarkt">MediaMarkt</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macy%27s,_Inc." title="Macy's, Inc.">Macy's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="IKEA35" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IKEA" title="Template:IKEA"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IKEA" title="Template talk:IKEA"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IKEA" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IKEA"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="IKEA35" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">IKEA</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shops and factory ownership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">IKEA</a> ← <a href="/wiki/INGKA_Holding" title="INGKA Holding">INGKA Holding</a> ← <a href="/wiki/Stichting_INGKA_Foundation" title="Stichting INGKA Foundation">Stichting INGKA Foundation</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Franchise and trademark ownership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">IKEA</a> ← <a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Systems_B.V." class="mw-redirect" title="Inter IKEA Systems B.V.">Inter IKEA Systems B.V.</a> ← <a href="/wiki/Inter_IKEA_Holding_S.A." class="mw-redirect" title="Inter IKEA Holding S.A.">Inter IKEA Holding S.A.</a> ← <a href="/wiki/Interogo_Foundation" title="Interogo Foundation">Interogo Foundation</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Providers of services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Supply" class="mw-redirect" title="IKEA Supply">IKEA Supply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_of_Sweden" title="IKEA of Sweden">IKEA of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Industry_Holding" class="mw-redirect" title="IKEA Industry Holding">IKEA Industry Holding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="IKEA Communications">IKEA Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Food_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="IKEA Food Services">IKEA Food Services</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products and tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Catalogue" title="IKEA Catalogue">Catalogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Billy" title="IKEA Billy">Billy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A5haj" title="Blåhaj">Blåhaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frakta" title="Frakta">Frakta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Klippan" title="IKEA Klippan">Klippan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Lack" title="IKEA Lack">Lack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufsig" title="Lufsig">Lufsig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_pencil" title="IKEA pencil">Pencil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Po%C3%A4ng" title="Poäng">Poäng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anders_Dahlvig" title="Anders Dahlvig">Anders Dahlvig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingvar_Kamprad" title="Ingvar Kamprad">Ingvar Kamprad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillis_Lundgren" title="Gillis Lundgren">Gillis Lundgren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akanksha_Deo_Sharma" title="Akanksha Deo Sharma">Akanksha Deo Sharma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_IKEA" title="Criticism of IKEA">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_with_IKEA_stores" title="List of countries with IKEA stores">Countries with IKEA stores - (Opening dates by country) - (Largest IKEA stores)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKEA_Museum" title="IKEA Museum">IKEA Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamp_(advertisement)" title="Lamp (advertisement)">Lamp advertisement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MEGA_Family_Shopping_Centre" title="MEGA Family Shopping Centre">MEGA Family Shopping Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Retail_Round_Table38" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahold_Delhaize" title="Ahold Delhaize">Ahold Delhaize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%26A" title="C&A">C&A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Corte_Ingl%C3%A9s" title="El Corte Inglés">El Corte Inglés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICA_Gruppen" title="ICA Gruppen">ICA Gruppen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">IKEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inditex" title="Inditex">Inditex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimo_Martins" title="Jerónimo Martins">Jerónimo Martins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lidl" title="Lidl">Lidl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer" title="Marks & Spencer">Marks & Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercadona" title="Mercadona">Mercadona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_AG" title="Metro AG">Metro AG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mattresses" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mattresses"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mattress_manufacturers26" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mattress" title="Mattress">Mattress</a> manufacturers</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boll_%26_Branch" title="Boll & Branch">Boll & Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casper_Sleep" title="Casper Sleep">Casper Sleep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittenden_%26_Eastman_Company" title="Chittenden & Eastman Company">Chittenden & Eastman Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorel_Industries" title="Dorel Industries">Dorel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight_Sleep" title="Eight Sleep">Eight Sleep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4stens" title="Hästens">Hästens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helix_Sleep" title="Helix Sleep">Helix Sleep</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">IKEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Koil" title="King Koil">King Koil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leggett_%26_Platt" title="Leggett & Platt">Leggett & Platt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Lo_Monaco" title="Grupo Lo Monaco">Lo Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McRoskey_Mattress_Company" title="McRoskey Mattress Company">McRoskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikolin" title="Pikolin">Pikolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saatva" title="Saatva">Saatva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoir_Beds" title="Savoir Beds">Savoir Beds</a></li> <li>Serta Simmons <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beautyrest" class="mw-redirect" title="Beautyrest">Beautyrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serta_(company)" title="Serta (company)">Serta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simmons_Bedding_Company" title="Simmons Bedding Company">Simmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuft_%26_Needle" title="Tuft & Needle">Tuft & Needle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shifman_Mattress_Company" title="Shifman Mattress Company">Shifman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simba_Sleep" title="Simba Sleep">Simba Sleep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sit_%27n_Sleep" title="Sit 'n Sleep">Sit 'n Sleep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleep_Country_Canada" title="Sleep Country Canada">Sleep Country Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sleep_Country_Canada#Bloom" title="Sleep Country Canada">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endy_Sleep" title="Endy Sleep">Endy Sleep</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleep_Number" title="Sleep Number">Sleep Number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Air_Company" title="Spring Air Company">Spring Air</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chattam_and_Wells" class="mw-redirect" title="Chattam and Wells">Chattam & Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Air_Company" title="Spring Air Company">Spring Air</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempur_Sealy_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Tempur Sealy International">Tempur Sealy 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hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54078#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1517" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54078#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80062496">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14634798t">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14634798t">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=vse2012692139&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007339847205171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058528918806706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/088487318">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/1e117504-3232-4b6f-90a3-73090915a1c9">MusicBrainz label</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IKEA&oldid=1281900392">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IKEA&oldid=1281900392</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:IKEA" title="Category:IKEA">IKEA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_South_Holland" 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retailers">Furniture retailers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Furniture_retailers_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Furniture retailers of the United States">Furniture retailers of the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Home_appliance_brands" title="Category:Home appliance brands">Home appliance brands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:DFI_Retail_Group" title="Category:DFI Retail Group">DFI Retail Group</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lighting_brands" title="Category:Lighting brands">Lighting brands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_established_in_1943" title="Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1943">Manufacturing companies established in 1943</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mattress_retailers_of_Sweden" title="Category:Mattress retailers of Sweden">Mattress retailers of Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Multinational_companies_headquartered_in_the_Netherlands" title="Category:Multinational companies headquartered in the Netherlands">Multinational companies headquartered in the Netherlands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Privately_held_companies_of_Sweden" title="Category:Privately held companies of Sweden">Privately held companies of Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Purveyors_to_the_Court_of_Sweden" title="Category:Purveyors to the Court of Sweden">Purveyors to the Court of Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_1943" title="Category:Retail companies established in 1943">Retail companies established in 1943</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_of_Sweden" title="Category:Retail companies of Sweden">Retail companies of Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_of_the_Netherlands" title="Category:Retail companies of the Netherlands">Retail companies of the Netherlands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Superstores" title="Category:Superstores">Superstores</a></li><li><a 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