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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-bibliothèque" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-bibliothèque" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> bibliothèque </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Accueil" title="Visiter la page d’accueil du site [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Accueil</span></a></li><li id="n-La-vitrine" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikilivres:Vitrine"><span>La vitrine</span></a></li><li id="n-Tous-les-livres" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikilivres:Tous_les_livres"><span>Tous les livres</span></a></li><li id="n-Rechercher-un-livre" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikilivres:Rechercher_un_livre"><span>Rechercher un livre</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikijunior" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikijunior"><span>Wikijunior</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet 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href="/wiki/Aide:Accueil" title="Accès à l’aide"><span>Aide</span></a></li><li id="n-Wikilivre-d'aide" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikilivres"><span>Wikilivre d'aide</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Arabe"><span>Créer une compilation</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Arabe&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger la compilation au format PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version 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<div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Apparence" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Apparence</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fr.wikibooks.org&uselang=fr" class=""><span>Faire un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=Arabe" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire." class=""><span>Créer un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Arabe" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connecter</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages pour les contributeurs déconnectés <a href="/wiki/Aide:Introduction" aria-label="En savoir plus sur la contribution"><span>en savoir plus</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_contributions" title="Une liste des modifications effectuées depuis cette adresse IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_discussions" title="La page de discussion pour les contributions depuis cette adresse IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Fondamentaux" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fondamentaux"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Fondamentaux</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fondamentaux-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Introduction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Introduction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Introduction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Introduction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Arabe</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 18 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="عربية – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عربية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikibooks.org/wiki/%C6%8Fr%C9%99b_dili" title="Ərəb dili – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ərəb dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arabisch" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Arabic" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="آموزش زبان عربی – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آموزش زبان عربی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA" title="ערבית – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ערבית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikibooks.org/wiki/Arabo" title="Arabo – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arabo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="アラビア語 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アラビア語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арапски јазик – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Арапски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikibooks.org/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Arab" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Arabski" title="Arabski – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Arabski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikibooks.org/wiki/%C3%81rabe" title="Árabe – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Árabe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Арабский язык – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Арабский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikibooks.org/wiki/Arab%C4%8Dina" title="Arabčina – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Arabčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikibooks.org/wiki/Arap%C3%A7a" title="Arapça – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arapça" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Арабська мова – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арабська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="عربی – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عربی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="阿拉伯语 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿拉伯语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13955#sitelinks-wikibooks" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arabe" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Arabe" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arabe"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le wikicode</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arabe"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le wikicode</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Arabe" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Arabe" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=fr" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&oldid=685457" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Arabe&id=685457&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2FArabe"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2FArabe"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Arabic_language" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikifunctions mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Z1001" hreflang="en"><span>Wikifunctions</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabe" hreflang="fr"><span>Wikipédia</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiversity mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikiversity.org/wiki/D%C3%A9partement:Arabe" hreflang="fr"><span>Wikiversité</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Guide_linguistique_arabe" hreflang="fr"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13955" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un livre de Wikilivres.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div style="opacity: 0.9;" class="noprint etiquette etiquettedroite etiquettevert"> <table style="opacity: 1;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Nuvola-inspired_File_Icons_for_MediaWiki-fileicon-ps.png/40px-Nuvola-inspired_File_Icons_for_MediaWiki-fileicon-ps.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Nuvola-inspired_File_Icons_for_MediaWiki-fileicon-ps.png/60px-Nuvola-inspired_File_Icons_for_MediaWiki-fileicon-ps.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Nuvola-inspired_File_Icons_for_MediaWiki-fileicon-ps.png/80px-Nuvola-inspired_File_Icons_for_MediaWiki-fileicon-ps.png 2x" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="120" /></span></span> </td> <td> <p>Une <a href="/wiki/Arabe/Version_imprimable" title="Arabe/Version imprimable">version imprimable</a> du livre « Arabe » est disponible.<small> (<span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Arabe/Version_imprimable&printable=yes">voir</a>/<a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Arabe/Version_imprimable&action=edit">modifier</a></span>)</small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="otherprojects noprint" style="clear:right;float:right;margin:1em;margin-right:0;width:261px;border:solid #AAAAAA 1px;background:#F9F9F9;padding:4px;font-size:90%;text-align:left"> <p>Consultez également ces pages dans d’<a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Nos_projets" class="extiw" title="wikimedia:Nos projets">autres projets Wikimedia</a> : </p> <table rules="none" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="border:none;background:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="position:relative;width:25px;height:25px;z-index:2;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Image logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wikipedia-logo-en.png/25px-Wikipedia-logo-en.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wikipedia-logo-en.png/38px-Wikipedia-logo-en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wikipedia-logo-en.png/50px-Wikipedia-logo-en.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="155" /></span></span><div class="nodeco" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;padding-top:3px;z-index:3"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabe_(homonymie)" class="extiw" title="w:Arabe (homonymie)"><span style="float:left;width:25px;height:25px;font-size:25px;line-height:25px;word-spacing:25px;cursor:pointer">   </span></a></div></div> </td> <td><i><b><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabe_(homonymie)" class="extiw" title="w:Arabe (homonymie)">Article encyclopédique</a></b></i> sur Wikipédia. </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="position:relative;width:25px;height:25px;z-index:2;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Image logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/25px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/50px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span><div class="nodeco" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;padding-top:3px;z-index:3"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Arabe" class="extiw" title="wikt:Arabe"><span style="float:left;width:25px;height:25px;font-size:25px;line-height:25px;word-spacing:25px;cursor:pointer">   </span></a></div></div> </td> <td><i><b><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Arabe" class="extiw" title="wikt:Arabe">Définition</a></b></i> sur Wiktionnaire. </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="position:relative;width:25px;height:25px;z-index:2;overflow:hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Image logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/25px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/38px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/50px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span><div class="nodeco" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;padding-top:3px;z-index:3;"><a href="https://fr.wikiversity.org/wiki/D%C3%A9partement:Arabe" class="extiw" title="v:Département:Arabe"><span style="float:left;width:25px;height:25px;font-size:25px;line-height:25px;word-spacing:25px;cursor:pointer">   </span></a></div></div> </td> <td><i><b><a href="https://fr.wikiversity.org/wiki/D%C3%A9partement:Arabe" class="extiw" title="v:Département:Arabe">Ressources éducatives</a></b></i> sur Wikiversité. </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <p><br /> La <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/arabe" class="extiw" title="w:arabe">langue arabe</a> (العَرَبِيَّة, ʾal ʿarabiyyaʰ en transcription traditionnelle) est une <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/langue_s%C3%A9mitique" class="extiw" title="w:langue sémitique">langue sémitique</a> et <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/langue_flexionnelle" class="extiw" title="w:langue flexionnelle">flexionnelle</a> dont l'alphabet est un <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/abjad" class="extiw" title="w:abjad">abjad</a> avec 280 millions de locuteurs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fondamentaux">Fondamentaux</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Fondamentaux" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Fondamentaux"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabe/Alphabet_arabe" title="Arabe/Alphabet arabe">Alphabet arabe</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:100_percent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/9px-100_percent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/14px-100_percent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/18px-100_percent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="9" data-file-height="9" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabe/Voyelles_arabes" title="Arabe/Voyelles arabes">Voyelles arabes</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:100_percent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/9px-100_percent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/14px-100_percent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/18px-100_percent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="9" data-file-height="9" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabe/Sons_arabes" title="Arabe/Sons arabes">Sons arabes</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:100_percent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/9px-100_percent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/14px-100_percent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/18px-100_percent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="9" data-file-height="9" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabe/Alphabet_arabe_(par_groupe)" title="Arabe/Alphabet arabe (par groupe)">Alphabet arabe (par groupe)</a> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:100_percent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/9px-100_percent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/14px-100_percent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/100_percent.svg/18px-100_percent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="9" data-file-height="9" /></a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Introduction">Introduction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Introduction" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Introduction"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabe/Lecture_arabe" title="Arabe/Lecture arabe">Lecture arabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabe/Phrases_de_base" title="Arabe/Phrases de base">Phrases de base</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe/Rencontrer_des_gens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabe/Rencontrer des gens (page inexistante)">Rencontrer des gens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe/Mots_courants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabe/Mots courants (page inexistante)">Mots courants</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le wikicode</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabe/Ressources_en_ligne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabe/Ressources en ligne (page inexistante)">Ressources en ligne</a></li> <li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/wikibooks:arabic" class="extiw" title="m:wikibooks:arabic"> Apprentissage de l'arabe via Wiki-Books en anglais</a></li></ul> <div class="noprint bandeau bandeaujaune" style="min-height:80px;clear:both;"> <div class="bandeautitre" style="margin:0.5em;"> Ce livre a besoin d'une révision<span style="display:inline-block;float:right;margin:0.5em 1em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Nuvola_apps_korganizer.png" class="mw-file-description" 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