Role of Micro-Architectures on Insects' Elytra Affects the Nanomechanical and Optical Properties: Inspired for Designing the Lightweight Materials

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xml:lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title> Role of Micro-Architectures on Insects' Elytra Affects the Nanomechanical and Optical Properties: Inspired for Designing the Lightweight Materials | Journal of Optics and Photonics Research </title> <link rel="icon" href="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/public/journals/13/favicon_en_US.png"> <meta name="generator" content="Open Journal Systems 3.4.0.7"> <meta name="gs_meta_revision" content="1.1"/> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Journal of Optics and Photonics Research"/> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="JOPR"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Jeevan Jyoti"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="School of Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, India"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Sangita Tripathy"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, National Physical Laboratory, India"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="Role of Micro-Architectures on Insects' Elytra Affects the Nanomechanical and Optical Properties: Inspired for Designing the Lightweight Materials"/> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"/> <meta name="citation_date" content="2024"/> <meta name="citation_volume" content="1"/> <meta name="citation_issue" content="1"/> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="32"/> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="42"/> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.47852/bonviewJOPR32021587"/> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/index.php/JOPR/article/view/1587"/> <meta name="citation_abstract" xml:lang="en" content="The structural coloration of insects has received significant attention in the field of nanophotonic, which has related properties with biophotonic crystals. The main focus in this study is on structural and mechanical features of wasp and beetle elytra such as Chrysidinae (the specimen of parasitoid or kleptoparasitic wasp), Rhomborhina gigantea (RG is the specimen of bettle in the family of Cetoniidae), and Chrysolina coerulans (CC is a species of beetle in the family Chrysomelidae). The nanostructures present on the surface of elytra show the optical and deformable material properties. Surface morphology has been measured by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The depths of the hemispherical cavities present on the elytra have been analyzed using AFM. The optical and nanomechanical properties of the beetle elytra have also been studied. To measure the reflectivity in transverse electric and TM mode, UV-visible spectroscopy has been used. The value of the average index of refraction nav is observed as 1.8 in all three species and the half-pitch of elytra's varies from 0.139-0.136 μm in CC, 0.123-0.114 μm in Chrysidinae, and 0.154-0.161 μm in RG. Nanoindentation was used to measure the modulus and hardness of the different beetle's elytra. Higher value of elastic modulus (1.72 GPa) and hardness (0.89 GPa) in RG of elytra plays a significant role in resisting force. The photonic structure exhibits optical intrinsic color mixing properties, which are used in the anticounterfeiting fields (currency and passport identification codes). The structural properties of beetle elytra would help to design the lightweight, high strength, anti-coating sensor, color-changing micro air vehicles, and novel optical materials. Received: 25 August 2023 | Revised: 12 October 2023 | Accepted: 13 October 2023 Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study."/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="elytra"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="reflectivity"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="nanomechanical"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="hemispherical cavities"/> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/index.php/JOPR/article/download/1587/659"/> <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Jeevan Jyoti"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Sangita Tripathy"/> <meta name="DC.Date.created" scheme="ISO8601" content="2023-10-23"/> <meta name="DC.Date.dateSubmitted" scheme="ISO8601" content="2023-08-25"/> <meta name="DC.Date.issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2024-02-27"/> <meta name="DC.Date.modified" scheme="ISO8601" content="2024-05-24"/> <meta name="DC.Description" xml:lang="en" content="The structural coloration of insects has received significant attention in the field of nanophotonic, which has related properties with biophotonic crystals. The main focus in this study is on structural and mechanical features of wasp and beetle elytra such as Chrysidinae (the specimen of parasitoid or kleptoparasitic wasp), Rhomborhina gigantea (RG is the specimen of bettle in the family of Cetoniidae), and Chrysolina coerulans (CC is a species of beetle in the family Chrysomelidae). The nanostructures present on the surface of elytra show the optical and deformable material properties. Surface morphology has been measured by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The depths of the hemispherical cavities present on the elytra have been analyzed using AFM. The optical and nanomechanical properties of the beetle elytra have also been studied. To measure the reflectivity in transverse electric and TM mode, UV-visible spectroscopy has been used. The value of the average index of refraction nav is observed as 1.8 in all three species and the half-pitch of elytra's varies from 0.139-0.136 μm in CC, 0.123-0.114 μm in Chrysidinae, and 0.154-0.161 μm in RG. Nanoindentation was used to measure the modulus and hardness of the different beetle's elytra. Higher value of elastic modulus (1.72 GPa) and hardness (0.89 GPa) in RG of elytra plays a significant role in resisting force. The photonic structure exhibits optical intrinsic color mixing properties, which are used in the anticounterfeiting fields (currency and passport identification codes). The structural properties of beetle elytra would help to design the lightweight, high strength, anti-coating sensor, color-changing micro air vehicles, and novel optical materials. Received: 25 August 2023 | Revised: 12 October 2023 | Accepted: 13 October 2023 Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study."/> <meta name="DC.Format" scheme="IMT" content="application/pdf"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="1587"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.pageNumber" content="32-42"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.DOI" content="10.47852/bonviewJOPR32021587"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.URI" content="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/index.php/JOPR/article/view/1587"/> <meta name="DC.Language" scheme="ISO639-1" content="en"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright (c) 2023 Authors"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"/> <meta name="DC.Source" content="Journal of Optics and Photonics Research"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Issue" content="1"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Volume" content="1"/> <meta name="DC.Source.URI" content="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/index.php/JOPR"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="elytra"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" 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</li> <li class="current" aria-current="page"> <span aria-current="page"> Research Articles </span> </li> </ol> </nav> <article class="obj_article_details"> <h1 class="page_title"> Role of Micro-Architectures on Insects' Elytra Affects the Nanomechanical and Optical Properties: Inspired for Designing the Lightweight Materials </h1> <div class="row"> <div class="main_entry"> <section class="item authors"> <h2 class="pkp_screen_reader">Authors</h2> <ul class="authors"> <li> <span class="name"> Jeevan Jyoti </span> <span class="affiliation"> School of Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, India </span> <span class="orcid"> <svg class="orcid_icon" viewBox="0 0 256 256" aria-hidden="true"> <style type="text/css"> .st0{fill:#A6CE39;} .st1{fill:#FFFFFF;} </style> <path class="st0" d="M256,128c0,70.7-57.3,128-128,128C57.3,256,0,198.7,0,128C0,57.3,57.3,0,128,0C198.7,0,256,57.3,256,128z"/> <g> <path class="st1" d="M86.3,186.2H70.9V79.1h15.4v48.4V186.2z"/> <path class="st1" d="M108.9,79.1h41.6c39.6,0,57,28.3,57,53.6c0,27.5-21.5,53.6-56.8,53.6h-41.8V79.1z M124.3,172.4h24.5 c34.9,0,42.9-26.5,42.9-39.7c0-21.5-13.7-39.7-43.7-39.7h-23.7V172.4z"/> <path class="st1" d="M88.7,56.8c0,5.5-4.5,10.1-10.1,10.1c-5.6,0-10.1-4.6-10.1-10.1c0-5.6,4.5-10.1,10.1-10.1 C84.2,46.7,88.7,51.3,88.7,56.8z"/> </g> </svg> <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9529-9348" target="_blank"> https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9529-9348 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="name"> Sangita Tripathy </span> <span class="affiliation"> Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, National Physical Laboratory, India </span> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="item doi"> <h2 class="label"> DOI: </h2> <span class="value"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewJOPR32021587"> https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewJOPR32021587 </a> </span> </section> <section class="item keywords"> <h2 class="label"> Keywords: </h2> <span class="value"> elytra, reflectivity, nanomechanical, hemispherical cavities </span> </section> <section class="item abstract"> <h2 class="label">Abstract</h2> <p>The structural coloration of insects has received significant attention in the field of nanophotonic, which has related properties with biophotonic crystals. The main focus in this study is on structural and mechanical features of wasp and beetle elytra such as Chrysidinae (the specimen of parasitoid or kleptoparasitic wasp), <em>Rhomborhina gigantea</em> (RG is the specimen of bettle in the family of Cetoniidae), and <em>Chrysolina coerulans</em> (CC is a species of beetle in the family Chrysomelidae). The nanostructures present on the surface of elytra show the optical and deformable material properties. Surface morphology has been measured by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The depths of the hemispherical cavities present on the elytra have been analyzed using AFM. The optical and nanomechanical properties of the beetle elytra have also been studied. To measure the reflectivity in transverse electric and TM mode, UV-visible spectroscopy has been used. The value of the average index of refraction n<sub>av</sub> is observed as 1.8 in all three species and the half-pitch of elytra's varies from 0.139-0.136 μm in CC, 0.123-0.114 μm in Chrysidinae, and 0.154-0.161 μm in RG. Nanoindentation was used to measure the modulus and hardness of the different beetle's elytra. Higher value of elastic modulus (1.72 GPa) and hardness (0.89 GPa) in RG of elytra plays a significant role in resisting force. The photonic structure exhibits optical intrinsic color mixing properties, which are used in the anticounterfeiting fields (currency and passport identification codes). The structural properties of beetle elytra would help to design the lightweight, high strength, anti-coating sensor, color-changing micro air vehicles, and novel optical materials.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Received:</strong> 25 August 2023 <strong>| Revised:</strong> 12 October 2023 <strong>| Accepted:</strong> 13 October 2023</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Conflicts of Interest</strong><br>The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.<br><br></p> <p><strong>Data Availability Statement</strong></p> <p>Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.</p> </section> <br /><div class="separator"></div><div class="item abstract" id="trendmd-suggestions"></div><script defer src='//js.trendmd.com/trendmd.min.js' data-trendmdconfig='{"website_id":"89272", "element":"#trendmd-suggestions"}'></script> </div> <div class="entry_details"> <div class="item cover_image"> <div class="sub_item"> <a href="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/index.php/JOPR/issue/view/73"> <img src="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/public/journals/13/cover_issue_73_en_US.png" alt=""> </a> </div> </div> <div class="item galleys"> <h2 class="pkp_screen_reader"> Downloads </h2> <ul class="value galleys_links"> <li> <a class="obj_galley_link pdf" href="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/index.php/JOPR/article/view/1587/659"> PDF </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="item published"> <section class="sub_item"> <h2 class="label"> Published </h2> <div class="value"> <span>2023-10-23</span> </div> </section> </div> <div class="item issue"> <section class="sub_item"> <h2 class="label"> Issue </h2> <div class="value"> <a class="title" href="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/index.php/JOPR/issue/view/73"> Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024) </a> </div> </section> <section class="sub_item"> <h2 class="label"> Section </h2> <div class="value"> Research Articles </div> </section> </div> <div class="item copyright"> <h2 class="label"> License </h2> <p>Copyright (c) 2023 Authors</p> <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png" /></a><p>This work is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a>.</p> </div> <div class="item citation"> <section class="sub_item citation_display"> <h2 class="label"> How to Cite </h2> <div class="value"> <div id="citationOutput" role="region" aria-live="polite"> <div class="csl-bib-body"> <div class="csl-entry">Jyoti, J., & Tripathy, S. . 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Role of Micro-Architectures on Insects’ Elytra Affects the Nanomechanical and Optical Properties: Inspired for Designing the Lightweight Materials. <i>Journal of Optics and Photonics Research</i>, <i>1</i>(1), 32-42. <a href="https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewJOPR32021587">https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewJOPR32021587</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="citation_formats"> <button class="citation_formats_button label" aria-controls="cslCitationFormats" aria-expanded="false" data-csl-dropdown="true"> More Citation Formats </button> <div id="cslCitationFormats" class="citation_formats_list" aria-hidden="true"> <ul class="citation_formats_styles"> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://ojs.bonviewpress.com/index.php/JOPR/citationstylelanguage/get/acm-sig-proceedings?submissionId=1587&publicationId=2762&issueId=73" data-load-citation 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Role of Micro-Architectures on Insects' Elytra Affects the Nanomechanical and Optical Properties: Inspired for Designing the Lightweight Materials | Journal of Optics and Photonics Research