CINXE.COM

Homepage | BMJ Open

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><title>Homepage | BMJ Open</title><meta property="robots" content="index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://bmjopen.bmj.com" /><meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:title" content="Homepage | BMJ Open"/><meta property="og:description" content="BMJ Open is a leading multidisciplinary open access medical journal publishing high-quality peer-reviewed content."/><meta name="description" content="BMJ Open is a leading multidisciplinary open access medical journal publishing high-quality peer-reviewed content."/><meta property="og:url" content="https://bmjopen.bmj.com"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="BMJ Open"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://bmjopen.bmj.com/bmjopen/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2022/03/94bm3OnO_400x400.jpeg"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="298"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="298"/><meta property="twitter:image" content="https://bmjopen.bmj.com/bmjopen/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2022/03/94bm3OnO_400x400.jpeg"/><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-05-16T15:27:52+00:00"/><meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="18"/><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/next-resources/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /><link rel="preload" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" as="script" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://analytics.bmj.com" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://cdn-eu.pagesense.io" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://popup.wisepops.com" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://www.medtargetsystem.com" /><link rel="preload" href="https://cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" as="script" /><script async="" src="https://cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charSet="UTF-8" data-domain-script="565e50dd-f6e9-46d6-91cd-5c40a270264f" id="cookie-pro-script"></script><script id="otb-ads-consent">function OnetrustAdsConsent() { if (window.googletag && window.googletag.apiReady) { googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.pubads().setPrivacySettings({nonPersonalizedAds:!!OptanonActiveGroups.match(/,4,/)}); googletag.pubads().refresh(); } else { setTimeout(OnetrustAdsConsent, 1000); } } function OptanonWrapper() { OnetrustAdsConsent(); }</script><link data-next-font="" rel="preconnect" href="/" crossorigin="anonymous" /><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/2ce5b5259cdb1c95.css" as="style" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/2ce5b5259cdb1c95.css" data-n-g="" /><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-78c92fac7aa8fdd8.js"></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-35b92941fc8726f9.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/framework-6782a8ff802d2848.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-bb76d03727604ce4.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-00be5ab6e0715f0e.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/792-d6ebab346e617ab8.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/index-72ca8c1d8dbcea80.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/gOWDLLjgG2vERHR4qqScT/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/gOWDLLjgG2vERHR4qqScT/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script><script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function parseCookies() { let cookieHeader = document.cookie || ""; let cookies = Object.fromEntries( cookieHeader.split("; ").map((c) => c.split("=")) ); for (let key in cookies) { if (cookies[key] === "undefined") { cookies[key] = undefined; } } return cookies; } function uuidv4() { var d = new Date().getTime(); //Timestamp var d2 = (typeof performance !== "undefined" && performance.now && performance.now() * 1000) || 0; //Time in microseconds since page-load or 0 if unsupported return "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx".replace(/[xy]/g, function (c) { var r = Math.random() * 16; //random number between 0 and 16 if (d > 0) { //Use timestamp until depleted r = (d + r) % 16 | 0; d = Math.floor(d / 16); } else { //Use microseconds since page-load if supported r = (d2 + r) % 16 | 0; d2 = Math.floor(d2 / 16); } return (c === "x" ? r : (r & 0x3) | 0x8).toString(16); }); } function handleCookie() { let cookies = parseCookies(); let bmj_uuid = cookies.bmj_uuid; if (!bmj_uuid) { bmj_uuid = uuidv4(); cookies.bmj_uuid = bmj_uuid; } return { bmj_uuid }; } let { bmj_uuid } = handleCookie(); let bmj_ppid = parseCookies().bmj_ppid; const anonMailId = "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"; let nonAnonMailId = window.dataLayer.find((item) => item.user)?.user?.mail === anonMailId ? null : window.dataLayer.find((item) => item.user)?.user?.mail; let userId = dataLayer.find((item) => item.user)?.user?.["data-ics"] ?? (dataLayer.find((item) => item.user)?.user?.mail && nonAnonMailId) ?? bmj_ppid ?? bmj_uuid; document.cookie = "bmj_ppid=" + userId + "; domain=.bmj.com; path=/; max-age=31622400; SameSite=None; Secure"; document.cookie = "bmj_uuid=" + bmj_uuid + "; domain=.bmj.com; path=/; max-age=31622400; SameSite=None; Secure"; var googletag = googletag || { cmd: [] }; googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().setPublisherProvidedId(userId); googletag.enableServices(); }); window.dataLayer.push({ bmj_uuid: bmj_uuid, }); </script> </head><body><div id="__next"><div class="overflow-hidden"><span class="invisible absolute">Validation period: <!-- -->4/10/2025, 4:37:47 AM<!-- --> - <!-- -->4/10/2025, 10:37:47 AM</span><div class="border-b-bmj-silver-100 border-b bg-bmj-siver-30 flex items-center justify-center py-3 min-w-[auto] min-h-[100px] md:min-h-[250px]"><div id="div-gpt-ad-3321227-1" data-testid="top-ad-slot" class="flex items-center justify-center w-[auto] h-[100px] md:h-[250px]"></div></div><header class="mt-2 mb-2 hidden flex-wrap items-center justify-between px-4 md:flex md:flex-nowrap" data-testid="header-panel"><a href="https://journals.bmj.com" class="py-2 px-0 flex items-center"><img data-testid="bmj-journals-logo" alt="BMJ Journals logo" loading="lazy" width="154" height="42" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/logo-bmj-journals.4304841c959cf8fd7fd20a61cc63fe89.svg" /></a><nav class="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between md:flex-nowrap"><div data-testid="search-box" class="flex w-72 flex-col bg-white/20 p-2 pr-4 md:w-[343px] md:flex-row md:items-start md:p-0 md:pr-0 undefined"><form role="search" method="post" action="/search" class="flex undefined"><input type="textbox" placeholder="search" name="keywords" title="Search for:" class="border-bmj-silver-100 rounded-0 h-[34px] w-[207px] appearance-none border p-[5px] pl-[10px] align-middle text-[14px] undefined"/><button type="submit" name="op" class="bg-bmj-siver-30 border-bmj-silver-100 rounded-0 ml-[-4px] h-[34px] appearance-none border py-[1px] pl-[10px] pr-[12px] text-[13.33px] undefined">Search</button><input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="highwire_search_quicksearch_form_1"/></form><div class="flex justify-start pl-[5px] pt-[3px] text-left md:justify-end undefined"><a href="/search" title="Advanced Search" class="decoration-none lg:text-bmj-blue-500 mt-2 flex flex-row text-[12.75px] leading-[normal] md:mt-0 md:flex-col [&amp;&gt;:first-of-type]:mr-1 undefined"><span>Advanced</span><span>search</span></a></div></div></nav></header><div data-testid="page-with-menu" class=" transition-margin-left relative m-0 mx-auto min-h-[512px] w-full min-w-0 duration-300 [&amp;.panel-enter-active]:ml-[-15.625rem] [&amp;.panel-enter-done]:ml-[-15.625rem] [&amp;.panel-enter]:ml-0 [&amp;.panel-exit-active]:ml-0 [&amp;.panel-exit-done]:ml-0 [&amp;.panel-exit]:ml-[-15.625rem]"><div class="page-with-menu-container"><div data-testid="top-menu-container" role="presentation" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand m-0 mx-auto h-[3.5625rem] w-full min-w-0 md:h-[4.375rem]"><nav role="navigation" class="relative m-0 mx-auto flex h-full w-full min-w-0 justify-between pl-4 pr-0"><div class="w-1/2 md:w-1/5 bg-bmj-primary-brand m-0 flex min-w-0 items-center"><a href="/" class="flex h-full w-full items-center"><img data-testid="top-menu-logo" src="/next-resources/logo.svg" alt="logo" class="h-auto w-full" /></a></div><div class=" bg-bmj-primary-brand m-0 flex min-w-0 items-center"><div class="hidden h-full lg:flex"><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&amp;:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&amp;:last-child]:pr-4 [&amp;.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/content/current" data-testid="141">Latest content</a><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&amp;:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&amp;:last-child]:pr-4 [&amp;.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/content/by/year" data-testid="174">Archive</a><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&amp;:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&amp;:last-child]:pr-4 [&amp;.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/pages/authors" data-testid="175">For authors</a><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&amp;:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&amp;:last-child]:pr-4 [&amp;.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/pages/about" data-testid="176">About</a><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&amp;:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&amp;:last-child]:pr-4 [&amp;.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/pages/browse-by-collection/" data-testid="177">Browse by collection</a></div><div class="flex h-full lg:hidden"><button class=" md:hidden decoration-none text-background rounded-0 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-none bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 text-[4.25] [&amp;:focus-visible]:outline-0 [&amp;:hover]:bg-transparent [&amp;:hover]:md:bg-white/20 [&amp;:last-child]:pr-4" tabindex="6"><img src="/next-resources/search.svg" alt="Search" width="36" height="36" /></button><button class=" decoration-none text-background rounded-0 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-none bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 text-[4.25] [&amp;:focus-visible]:outline-0 [&amp;:hover]:bg-transparent [&amp;:hover]:md:bg-white/20 [&amp;:last-child]:pr-4" tabindex="6"><img src="/next-resources/hamburger-menu.svg" alt="Menu" width="36" height="36" /></button></div></div></nav></div><div class="mb-[36px] flex justify-between px-4 pt-2"><div><div data-testid="breadcrumbs"></div></div><a href="https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts&amp;corpusCode=bmjopen&amp;fwdUrl=https://bmjopen.bmj.com/" class="decoration-none text-bmj-blue-500 [&amp;:hover]:text-bmj-primary-brand hidden md:inline-block" data-testid="email-link" id="email-link"><div class="flex"><div class="mr-2 flex"><svg class="text-bmj-primary-brand h-4 w-8" data-testid="envelope-icon" viewBox="0 0 33 22" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M1 1H32V21H1V1Z" fill="white" stroke="currentColor"></path><path d="M31.9 20.8L21 9" stroke="currentColor"></path><path d="M1 20.5L11.8 9" stroke="currentColor"></path><mask id="path-4-inside-1" fill="white"><path d="M0.600098 0.700012L16.6001 13.4L32.4001 0.900012"></path></mask><path d="M16.6001 13.4L15.9784 14.1833L16.5991 14.6759L17.2205 14.1843L16.6001 13.4ZM-0.0216079 1.48326L15.9784 14.1833L17.2218 12.6168L1.2218 -0.0832389L-0.0216079 1.48326ZM17.2205 14.1843L33.0205 1.68426L31.7797 0.115765L15.9796 12.6158L17.2205 14.1843Z" fill="currentColor" mask="url(#path-4-inside-1)"></path></svg></div><span class="text-base leading-4" data-testid="email-alerts-link">Email alerts</span></div></a></div><main><div><div class="pb-6"><div class="sections-homepage-class overflow-y-auto bg-inherit"><div class="[&amp;&gt;div]:px-0"><div class="m-0 w-full min-w-0 px-4" data-testid="homepage-two-intro-section-homepage-section-0"><div class="my-4 mx-auto max-w-[77rem] px-4" data-testid="homepage-section-0"><div><div class="mx-auto max-w-[77rem]"><div class=" undefined mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&amp;&gt;div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&amp;&gt;div]:mt-6 [&amp;&gt;div]:pr-0 [&amp;&gt;div]:md:mt-0 [&amp;&gt;div]:md:pr-4 [&amp;&gt;div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&amp;&gt;div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[24.22%] [&amp;&gt;div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&amp;&gt;div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[66.67%] [&amp;&gt;div:nth-of-type(3)]:w-full [&amp;&gt;div:nth-of-type(3)]:md:w-[11.11%] " data-testid="introductory-information"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="[&amp;_h1]:text-bmj-primary-brand [&amp;_p]:text-bmj-primary-brand [&amp;_a]:text-[1.125rem] [&amp;_h1]:mt-0 [&amp;_h1]:inline [&amp;_h1]:text-[1.3125rem] [&amp;_p:nth-of-type(1)]:inline [&amp;_p:nth-of-type(2)]:my-4 [&amp;_p:nth-of-type(3)]:my-4 [&amp;_p]:text-[1.125rem]"><h1>BMJ Open</h1> <p>is an online, open access journal, dedicated to publishing medical research from all disciplines and therapeutic areas.</p> <p><strong>Impact Factor:</strong> 2.4<br /> <strong>Citescore:</strong> 4.4<br /> <a href="/pages/about">All metrics &gt;&gt;</a></p> </div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="[&amp;_p]:text-bmj-silver-800 hidden md:inline-block [&amp;_a]:text-[1rem] [&amp;_p:nth-of-type(1)]:mt-0 [&amp;_p]:my-[0.7rem] [&amp;_p]:mx-0 [&amp;_p]:block [&amp;_p]:text-[1rem] [&amp;_img]:inline [&amp;_img]:align-baseline"><p>The journal publishes all research study types, from protocols through phase I trials to meta-analyses, including small, specialist studies, and negative studies. Publishing procedures are built around fully open peer review and continuous publication, publishing research online as soon as the article is ready.</p> <p><em>BMJ Open</em> aims to promote transparency in the publication process by publishing reviewer reports and previous versions of manuscripts as pre-publication histories. Authors are asked to pay article-publishing charges on acceptance; the ability to pay does not influence editorial decisions.</p> <p>All papers are included in MEDLINE/PubMed and Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science).</p> </div><div data-testid="sections-column-2" class="!mt-0 !w-auto"><a href="/content/current" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand decoration-none mb-8 block cursor-pointer rounded-[0.125rem] py-[0.625rem] px-[1.25rem] text-center text-white md:hidden">Current Issue</a><a href="/content/current" class="mb-8 flex justify-center md:mb-0"><img data-testid="introductory-information-image" alt="Journal Current Issue" loading="lazy" width="130" height="176" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent;object-fit:contain;max-width:130px" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresources.bmj.com%2Frepository%2Fjournals-network-project%2Fimages%2Fjournal-covers-static%2Fbmjopen-default-cover.png&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresources.bmj.com%2Frepository%2Fjournals-network-project%2Fimages%2Fjournal-covers-static%2Fbmjopen-default-cover.png&amp;w=384&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresources.bmj.com%2Frepository%2Fjournals-network-project%2Fimages%2Fjournal-covers-static%2Fbmjopen-default-cover.png&amp;w=384&amp;q=75" /></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="sections-homepage-class bg-bmj-silver-10 overflow-y-auto"><div class="[&amp;&gt;div]:px-0"><div class="m-0 w-full min-w-0 px-4" data-testid="homepage-two-intro-section-homepage-section-1"><div class="my-4 mx-auto max-w-[77rem] px-4" data-testid="homepage-section-1"><div><div data-testid="author_data" class="undefined relative"><div class="border-bmj-primary-brand relative flex items-center justify-center border p-4 md:justify-start md:border-0"><div class="undefined flex items-center justify-center md:justify-start"><h2 class="m-0 inline-block p-0 text-center text-[1.75rem]" data-testid="title">Authors</h2></div><button data-testid="expandable-button" class="absolute right-4 block border-0 bg-transparent p-0 md:hidden"><img src="/next-resources/minus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="true" role="button" class="hidden w-[15px]" /><img src="/next-resources/plus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="block w-[15px]" /></button></div><div class="hidden md:flex"><div class="undefined flex justify-between w-full flex-col md:flex-row"><div data-testid="authors-information-content" class="hidden md:block w-full md:w-[calc(60%-0.5rem)] [&amp;&gt;p:nth-of-type(1)]:mt-0 [&amp;&gt;p]:my-4"><p>BMJ Open accepts submissions on a range of article types, including original research, cohort profiles and protocols.</p> <p>The Author Information section provides specific article requirements to help you turn your research into an article suitable for BMJ Open.</p> <p>Information is also provided on <a href="/pages/authors/#editorial_policy">editorial policies</a> and <a href="/pages/authors/#article_publishing_charges">open access</a>.</p> </div><div class="flex w-full md:w-[calc(40%-0.5rem)] flex-col md:flex-row flex flex-wrap items-start justify-between"><a data-testid="authors-information-button-1" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand - mb-4 inline-block w-full cursor-pointer rounded-sm py-2.5 px-5 text-center text-white no-underline md:w-[230px] [&amp;&amp;]:text-[1.0625rem] [&amp;&amp;]:text-white [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline" href="/pages/authors">Author information</a><a data-testid="authors-information-button-2" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand - mb-4 inline-block w-full cursor-pointer rounded-sm py-2.5 px-5 text-center text-white no-underline md:w-[230px] [&amp;&amp;]:text-[1.0625rem] [&amp;&amp;]:text-white [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline" href="https://app.penelope.ai/manuscript-check/q/bmjopen">Submit a paper</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="sections-homepage-class overflow-y-auto bg-inherit"><div class="[&amp;&gt;div]:px-0"><div class="m-0 w-full min-w-0 px-4" data-testid="homepage-two-intro-section-homepage-section-2"><div class="my-4 mx-auto grid max-w-[77rem] grid-cols-[1fr] gap-4 px-4 md:grid-cols-[1fr,1fr]" data-testid="homepage-section-2"><div><div data-testid="collection1_data" class="undefined relative"><div class="border-bmj-primary-brand relative flex items-center justify-center border p-4 md:justify-start md:border-0"><div class="undefined flex items-center justify-center md:justify-start"><h2 class="m-0 inline-block p-0 text-center text-[1.75rem]" data-testid="title">Press Releases</h2></div><button data-testid="expandable-button" class="absolute right-4 block border-0 bg-transparent p-0 md:hidden"><img src="/next-resources/minus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="true" role="button" class="hidden w-[15px]" /><img src="/next-resources/plus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="block w-[15px]" /></button></div><div class="hidden md:flex"><div><div class="flex flex-col" data-testid="article-listing"><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-0"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-0">Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/15/3/e091507" data-testid="article-link-0">Association of 15 common dietary factors with tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-0">18 March 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-1"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-1">Sports and exercise medicine<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/15/3/e091743" data-testid="article-link-1">Effects of water aerobics on body composition in obesity and overweight people: a systematic review and meta-analysis</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-1">11 March 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-2"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-2">Oncology<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/15/2/e082786" data-testid="article-link-2">WITHDRAWN</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-2">27 February 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-3"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-3">Medical education and training<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/15/2/e094058" data-testid="article-link-3">UK medical students’ mental health and their intention to drop out: a longitudinal study</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-3">5 February 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-4"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-4">Epidemiology<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/14/12/e084032" data-testid="article-link-4">Long term exposure to ambient air pollution and hospital admission burden in Scotland: 16 year prospective population cohort study</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-4">18 December 2024<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div data-testid="mostread_data"><div class="py-4 px-0 flex items-center justify-center md:justify-start"><h2 class="m-0 inline-block p-0 text-center text-[1.75rem]" data-testid="title">Most Read Articles</h2></div><div class="flex w-full flex-row flex-wrap"><div><div class="flex flex-col" data-testid="article-listing"><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085312"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085312">Communication<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/14/5/e085312" data-testid="article-link-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085312">How does communication affect patient safety? Protocol for a systematic review and logic model </a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085312">27 May 2024<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086148"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086148">General practice / Family practice<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/14/12/e086148" data-testid="article-link-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086148">ChatGPT (GPT-4) versus doctors on complex cases of the Swedish family medicine specialist examination: an observational comparative study </a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086148">26 December 2024<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085272"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085272">Pharmacology and therapeutics<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/14/5/e085272" data-testid="article-link-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085272">Low-dose naltrexone for post-COVID fatigue syndrome: a study protocol for a double-blind, randomised trial in British Columbia </a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085272">13 May 2024<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088538"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088538">Patient-centred medicine<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/14/11/e088538" data-testid="article-link-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088538">Trajectories of functional limitations, health-related quality of life and societal costs in individuals with long COVID: a population-based longitudinal cohort study </a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088538">13 November 2024<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081632"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081632">Public health<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/14/9/e081632" data-testid="article-link-10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081632">Health impact of urban green spaces: a systematic review of heat-related morbidity and mortality </a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081632">22 October 2024<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="sections-homepage-class bg-bmj-silver-10 overflow-y-auto"><div class="[&amp;&gt;div]:px-0"><div class="m-0 w-full min-w-0 px-4" data-testid="homepage-two-intro-section-homepage-section-3"><div class="my-8 mx-auto grid max-w-[77rem] grid-cols-[1fr] gap-4 px-0 md:grid-cols-[1fr,1fr,1fr] md:px-4" data-testid="homepage-section-3"><div class="bg-white p-4"><div class="undefined relative m-0 ml-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col flex-wrap bg-white" data-testid="collection2_data"><div class="pt-0 pr-0 pb-4 pl-0 mx-auto flex items-center justify-center md:justify-start"><h2 class="m-0 inline-block p-0 text-center text-[1.75rem]" data-testid="title">Mental Health</h2></div><div><div class="flex flex-col" data-testid="article-listing"><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-0"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-0">Mental health<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/15/4/e090476" data-testid="article-link-0">Mechanism-based modular psychotherapy versus cognitive behavioural therapy for adolescents and young adults with childhood trauma experiences: study protocol for a feasibility trial within the German Center for Mental Health</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-0">9 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-1"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-1">Mental health<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/15/4/e084781" data-testid="article-link-1">Associations among health-related quality of life, mental resilience and social support in patients early after surgery for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a longitudinal study</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-1">9 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-2"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-2">Mental health<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/15/4/e094040" data-testid="article-link-2">Virtual Reality and Sound Intervention under Chemotherapy (ViSu): study protocol for a three-arm randomised-controlled trial</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-2">9 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-3"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-3">Mental health<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/15/4/e082219" data-testid="article-link-3">A protocol using mixed methods for the impact analysis of the implementation of the EMPOWER project: an eHealth intervention to promote mental health and well-being in European workplaces</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-3">9 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-4"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-4">Mental health<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/content/15/4/e090932" data-testid="article-link-4">Effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on appetite change and body weight in inpatients with schizophrenia in China: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-4">8 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="bg-white p-4"><div class="undefined relative m-0 ml-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col flex-wrap bg-white" data-testid="latestarticles_data"><div class="pt-0 pr-0 pb-4 pl-0 mx-auto flex items-center justify-center md:justify-start"><h2 class="m-0 inline-block p-0 text-center text-[1.75rem]" data-testid="title">Recent Articles</h2></div><div><div class="flex flex-col" data-testid="article-listing"><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-0"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-0">Oncology<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/cgi/content/short/15/4/e092371?rss=1" data-testid="article-link-0">Randomised controlled trial of a psychosocial digital health application to promote coping for caregivers of patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a study protocol for the BMT-CARE app</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-0">9 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-1"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-1">Reproductive medicine<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/cgi/content/short/15/4/e093704?rss=1" data-testid="article-link-1">Preconception cardiometabolic health in patients seeking fertility services: protocol for a single-site, prospective cohort study</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-1">9 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-2"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-2">Emergency medicine<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/cgi/content/short/15/4/e095927?rss=1" data-testid="article-link-2">Usability and acceptability of ambulatory monitoring in undiagnosed syncope: insights from the ASPIRED-Q qualitative study</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-2">9 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-3"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-3">Health services research<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/cgi/content/short/15/4/e097180?rss=1" data-testid="article-link-3">Characterising the volume and variation of multiple urgent suspected cancer referrals in England, April 2013-March 2018: a national cohort study</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-3">9 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div><div class="pb-8 leading-6 [&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-4 sm:[&amp;:last-of-type]:pb-8" data-testid="article-4"><p class="m-0 uppercase" data-testid="article-label-4">Anaesthesia<!-- -->:</p><a class="pr-2" href="/cgi/content/short/15/4/e097459?rss=1" data-testid="article-link-4">Near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor cerebral and renal oxygen saturation during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for paediatric congenital heart disease: study protocol for a prospective observational cohort trial</a><p class="m-0 whitespace-nowrap [&amp;&amp;]:text-[0.875rem]" data-testid="article-date-4">9 April 2025<svg class="ml-2 box-content inline-block h-4 align-[-3px]" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" id="Layer_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 32 50" enable-background="new 0 0 32 50" width="10px"><g id="XMLID_1_"><path id="XMLID_2_" fill="#E3721F" d="M28.5,25.863V14.064C28.5,7.136,23.015,1.5,16,1.5C8.987,1.5,3.5,7.136,3.5,14.064v1.457h5 v-1.457c0-4.154,3.296-7.532,7.5-7.532c4.204,0,7.5,3.379,7.5,7.532v6.877c-2-1.313-4.761-2.081-7.547-2.081 c-8.271,0-14.961,6.646-14.961,14.818c0,8.172,6.749,14.821,15.02,14.821c8.27,0,14.884-6.649,14.884-14.821 C30.895,30.808,30.5,28.135,28.5,25.863z M16.032,43.467c-5.463,0-9.906-4.391-9.906-9.789s4.444-9.786,9.906-9.786 c5.461,0,9.904,4.388,9.904,9.786S21.492,43.467,16.032,43.467z"></path><ellipse id="XMLID_8_" fill="#E3721F" cx="16.03" cy="33.723" rx="4.203" ry="4.152"></ellipse></g></svg></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="bg-white p-4"><div data-testid="blogs_data" class="undefined relative"><div class="border-bmj-primary-brand relative flex items-center justify-center border p-4 md:justify-start md:border-0"><div class="undefined flex items-center justify-center md:justify-start"><h2 class="m-0 inline-block p-0 text-center text-[1.75rem]" data-testid="title">Blog Posts</h2></div><button data-testid="expandable-button" class="absolute right-4 block border-0 bg-transparent p-0 md:hidden"><img src="/next-resources/minus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="true" role="button" class="hidden w-[15px]" /><img src="/next-resources/plus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="block w-[15px]" /></button></div><div class="hidden md:flex"><div class="undefined m-0 mx-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col"><div data-testid="blog-post-1914"><a class="leading-6" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/03/21/top-ten-most-read-in-february-uk-medical-students-mental-health-and-intention-to-drop-out-restrictive-fluid-resuscitation-in-septic-shock-traditional-healing-practices-in-sub-saharan-africa/">Top ten most read in February: UK medical students’ mental health and intention to drop out, restrictive fluid resuscitation in septic shock, traditional healing practices in sub-Saharan Africa</a><p class="my-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm">21 March 2025</p><p class="m-0 pb-8"><a class="text-sm after:content-[&#x27;,_&#x27;] last-of-type:after:content-[&#x27;&#x27;]" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/highly-accessed/" data-testid="post-category-Highly accessed">Highly accessed</a></p></div><div data-testid="blog-post-1910"><a class="leading-6" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/03/19/increasing-fruit-fibre-dairy-and-caffeine-linked-to-lower-risk-of-tinnitus/">Increasing fruit, fibre, dairy and caffeine linked to lower risk of tinnitus</a><p class="my-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm">19 March 2025</p><p class="m-0 pb-8"><a class="text-sm after:content-[&#x27;,_&#x27;] last-of-type:after:content-[&#x27;&#x27;]" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/in-the-news/" data-testid="post-category-In the news">In the news</a><a class="text-sm after:content-[&#x27;,_&#x27;] last-of-type:after:content-[&#x27;&#x27;]" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/press-release/" data-testid="post-category-Press release">Press release</a></p></div><div data-testid="blog-post-1908"><a class="leading-6" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/03/12/water-aerobics-for-more-than-10-weeks-can-trim-waist-size-and-aid-weight-loss/">Water aerobics for more than 10 weeks can trim waist size and aid weight loss</a><p class="my-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm">12 March 2025</p><p class="m-0 pb-8"><a class="text-sm after:content-[&#x27;,_&#x27;] last-of-type:after:content-[&#x27;&#x27;]" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/in-the-news/" data-testid="post-category-In the news">In the news</a><a class="text-sm after:content-[&#x27;,_&#x27;] last-of-type:after:content-[&#x27;&#x27;]" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/press-release/" data-testid="post-category-Press release">Press release</a></p></div><div data-testid="blog-post-1903"><a class="leading-6" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/02/28/top-ten-most-read-in-january-low-acuity-attendances-in-german-emergency-departments-long-covid-nurse-family-partnership/">Top ten most read in January: low-acuity attendances in German emergency departments, long COVID, Nurse-Family Partnership</a><p class="my-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm">28 February 2025</p><p class="m-0 pb-8"><a class="text-sm after:content-[&#x27;,_&#x27;] last-of-type:after:content-[&#x27;&#x27;]" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/highly-accessed/" data-testid="post-category-Highly accessed">Highly accessed</a></p></div><div data-testid="blog-post-1902"><a class="leading-6" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/02/17/around-1-in-5-uk-medical-students-considers-dropping-out-study-suggests/">Around 1 in 5 UK medical students considers dropping out, study suggests</a><p class="my-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm">17 February 2025</p><p class="m-0 pb-8"><a class="text-sm after:content-[&#x27;,_&#x27;] last-of-type:after:content-[&#x27;&#x27;]" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/in-the-news/" data-testid="post-category-In the news">In the news</a><a class="text-sm after:content-[&#x27;,_&#x27;] last-of-type:after:content-[&#x27;&#x27;]" href="https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/press-release/" data-testid="post-category-Press release">Press release</a></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="sections-homepage-class overflow-y-auto bg-inherit"><div class="[&amp;&gt;div]:px-0"><div class="m-0 w-full min-w-0 px-4" data-testid="homepage-two-intro-section-homepage-section-4"><div class="my-4 mx-auto max-w-[77rem] px-4" data-testid="homepage-section-4"><div><div data-testid="altmetrics_data" class="flex-wrap flex-[1 1 50%] relative"><div class="border-bmj-primary-brand relative flex items-center justify-center border p-4 md:justify-start md:border-0"><div class="undefined flex items-center justify-center md:justify-start"><h2 class="m-0 inline-block p-0 text-center text-[1.75rem]" data-testid="title">Altmetrics</h2></div><button data-testid="expandable-button" class="absolute right-4 block border-0 bg-transparent p-0 md:hidden"><img src="/next-resources/minus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="true" role="button" class="hidden w-[15px]" /><img src="/next-resources/plus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="block w-[15px]" /></button></div><div class="hidden md:flex"><div class="undefined m-0 mx-auto grid w-full min-w-0 gap-6 md:grid-cols-[repeat(auto-fill,minmax(20rem,1fr))]"><div class="grid min-h-[64px] grid-cols-[84px,1fr] leading-6" data-testid="altmetrics-item-0"><div class="min-w-[84px] p-[10px]"><a href="http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?citation_id=153147476" title="Altmetric details: Effect of portable HEPA filters on COVID-19 period prevalence: an observational quasi-interventional study in German kindergartens, score: 1118" aria-label="Altmetric details: Effect of portable HEPA filters on COVID-19 period prevalence: an observational quasi-interventional study in German kindergartens, score: 1118"><div class="h-[64px] w-[64px]"><img alt="altmetric badge" src="https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/153147476_64.png" width="64" height="64" /></div></a></div><div><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072284" class="hover:no-underline">Effect of portable HEPA filters on COVID-19 period prevalence: an observational quasi-interventional study in German kindergartens</a></span><br/><span class="text-sm">30 July 2023</span></div></div><div class="grid min-h-[64px] grid-cols-[84px,1fr] leading-6" data-testid="altmetrics-item-1"><div class="min-w-[84px] p-[10px]"><a href="http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?citation_id=160026341" title="Altmetric details: Viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in body fluids associated with sexual activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis, score: 829" aria-label="Altmetric details: Viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in body fluids associated with sexual activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis, score: 829"><div class="h-[64px] w-[64px]"><img alt="altmetric badge" src="https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/160026341_64.png" width="64" height="64" /></div></a></div><div><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073084" class="hover:no-underline">Viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in body fluids associated with sexual activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis</a></span><br/><span class="text-sm">21 February 2024</span></div></div><div class="grid min-h-[64px] grid-cols-[84px,1fr] leading-6" data-testid="altmetrics-item-2"><div class="min-w-[84px] p-[10px]"><a href="http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?citation_id=175279775" title="Altmetric details: Association of 15 common dietary factors with tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies, score: 813" aria-label="Altmetric details: Association of 15 common dietary factors with tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies, score: 813"><div class="h-[64px] w-[64px]"><img alt="altmetric badge" src="https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/175279775_64.png" width="64" height="64" /></div></a></div><div><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091507" class="hover:no-underline">Association of 15 common dietary factors with tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies</a></span><br/><span class="text-sm">18 March 2025</span></div></div><div class="grid min-h-[64px] grid-cols-[84px,1fr] leading-6" data-testid="altmetrics-item-3"><div class="min-w-[84px] p-[10px]"><a href="http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?citation_id=158898459" title="Altmetric details: Association between kimchi consumption and obesity based on BMI and abdominal obesity in Korean adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the Health Examinees study, score: 804" aria-label="Altmetric details: Association between kimchi consumption and obesity based on BMI and abdominal obesity in Korean adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the Health Examinees study, score: 804"><div class="h-[64px] w-[64px]"><img alt="altmetric badge" src="https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/158898459_64.png" width="64" height="64" /></div></a></div><div><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076650" class="hover:no-underline">Association between kimchi consumption and obesity based on BMI and abdominal obesity in Korean adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the Health Examinees study</a></span><br/><span class="text-sm">30 January 2024</span></div></div><div class="grid min-h-[64px] grid-cols-[84px,1fr] leading-6" data-testid="altmetrics-item-4"><div class="min-w-[84px] p-[10px]"><a href="http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?citation_id=170390548" title="Altmetric details: Trajectories of functional limitations, health-related quality of life and societal costs in individuals with long COVID: a population-based longitudinal cohort study, score: 657" aria-label="Altmetric details: Trajectories of functional limitations, health-related quality of life and societal costs in individuals with long COVID: a population-based longitudinal cohort study, score: 657"><div class="h-[64px] w-[64px]"><img alt="altmetric badge" src="https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/170390548_64.png" width="64" height="64" /></div></a></div><div><span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088538" class="hover:no-underline">Trajectories of functional limitations, health-related quality of life and societal costs in individuals with long COVID: a population-based longitudinal cohort study</a></span><br/><span class="text-sm">13 November 2024</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="sections-homepage-class overflow-y-auto bg-inherit"><div class="[&amp;&gt;div]:px-0"><div class="m-0 w-full min-w-0 px-4" data-testid="homepage-two-intro-section-homepage-section-5"><div class="my-4 mx-auto grid max-w-[77rem] grid-cols-[1fr] gap-4 px-4 md:grid-cols-[1fr,1fr]" data-testid="homepage-section-5"><div><div data-testid="relatedjournals_data" class="undefined relative"><div class="border-bmj-primary-brand relative flex items-center justify-center border p-4 md:justify-start md:border-0"><div class="undefined flex items-center justify-center md:justify-start"><h2 class="m-0 inline-block p-0 text-center text-[1.75rem]" data-testid="title">Related Journals</h2></div><button data-testid="expandable-button" class="absolute right-4 block border-0 bg-transparent p-0 md:hidden"><img src="/next-resources/minus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="true" role="button" class="hidden w-[15px]" /><img src="/next-resources/plus-button.svg" alt="expandable-button" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="block w-[15px]" /></button></div><div class="hidden md:flex"><div class="undefined flex w-full"><div class="grid w-full gap-8 sm:grid-cols-[1fr] md:grid-cols-[1fr]" data-testid="top-rank-journals-widget"><div class="border-bmj-silver-100 flex border-0 border-solid pb-4 border-b border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 last-of-type:border-b-0 bg-white"><a href="https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com"><img data-testid="related-journals-image-bmjresp" alt="BMJ Open Respiratory Research" loading="lazy" width="60" height="80" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="mt-[5px] h-[89px] w-[60px] max-w-[60px]" style="color:transparent" src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/journal-covers-static/bmjresp-default-cover.png" /></a><div class="ml-4 flex w-[fit-content] flex-col"><h3 data-testid="related-journals-title-bmjresp" class="mt-0 mr-0 ml-0 text-base font-bold leading-6">BMJ Open Respiratory Research</h3><a data-testid="related-journals-link-1-bmjresp" aria-label="Current issue" class="leading-6 [&amp;&amp;]:text-base" href=""></a><a data-testid="related-journals-link-2-bmjresp" class="max-w-max leading-6 [&amp;&amp;]:text-base " href="https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com" aria-label="Visit this journal">Visit this journal</a></div></div><div class="border-bmj-silver-100 flex border-0 border-solid pb-4 border-b border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 last-of-type:border-b-0 bg-white"><a href="https://bmjopensem.bmj.com"><img data-testid="related-journals-image-bmjosem" alt="BMJ Open Sport &amp; Exercise Medicine" loading="lazy" width="60" height="80" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="mt-[5px] h-[89px] w-[60px] max-w-[60px]" style="color:transparent" src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/journal-covers-static/bmjosem-default-cover.png" /></a><div class="ml-4 flex w-[fit-content] flex-col"><h3 data-testid="related-journals-title-bmjosem" class="mt-0 mr-0 ml-0 text-base font-bold leading-6">BMJ Open Sport &amp; Exercise Medicine</h3><a data-testid="related-journals-link-1-bmjosem" aria-label="Current issue" class="leading-6 [&amp;&amp;]:text-base" href=""></a><a data-testid="related-journals-link-2-bmjosem" class="max-w-max leading-6 [&amp;&amp;]:text-base " href="https://bmjopensem.bmj.com" aria-label="Visit this journal">Visit this journal</a></div></div><div class="border-bmj-silver-100 flex border-0 border-solid pb-4 border-b border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 last-of-type:border-b-0 bg-white"><a href="https://rmdopen.bmj.com/"><img data-testid="related-journals-image-rmdopen" alt="RMD Open" loading="lazy" width="60" height="80" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="mt-[5px] h-[89px] w-[60px] max-w-[60px]" style="color:transparent" src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/journal-covers-static/rmdopen-default-cover.png" /></a><div class="ml-4 flex w-[fit-content] flex-col"><h3 data-testid="related-journals-title-rmdopen" class="mt-0 mr-0 ml-0 text-base font-bold leading-6">RMD Open</h3><a data-testid="related-journals-link-1-rmdopen" aria-label="Current issue" class="leading-6 [&amp;&amp;]:text-base" href=""></a><a data-testid="related-journals-link-2-rmdopen" class="max-w-max leading-6 [&amp;&amp;]:text-base " href="https://rmdopen.bmj.com/" aria-label="Visit this journal">Visit this journal</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div data-testid="jobs_data"><div class="py-4 px-0 flex items-center justify-center md:justify-start"><h2 class="m-0 inline-block p-0 text-center text-[1.75rem]" data-testid="title">Jobs</h2></div><div class="flex w-full flex-row flex-wrap"><div class="undefined flex flex-col"><div class="flex flex-wrap"><a data-testid="jobs-button-1" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand flex justify-center items-center mb-4 mr-0 inline-block w-full cursor-pointer rounded-sm px-5 py-2.5 text-center text-white no-underline lg:mb-2 lg:mr-2 lg:w-[calc(50%-1rem)] [&amp;&amp;]:text-white [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline" href="https://www.bmj.com/careers">View all doctor jobs</a><a data-testid="jobs-button-2" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand flex justify-center items-center mb-4 mr-0 inline-block w-full cursor-pointer rounded-sm px-5 py-2.5 text-center text-white no-underline lg:mb-2 lg:mr-2 lg:w-[calc(50%-1rem)] [&amp;&amp;]:text-white [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline" href="https://www.bmj.com/careers/jobs/hospital/">Hospital jobs</a><a data-testid="jobs-button-3" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand flex justify-center items-center mb-4 mr-0 inline-block w-full cursor-pointer rounded-sm px-5 py-2.5 text-center text-white no-underline lg:mb-2 lg:mr-2 lg:w-[calc(50%-1rem)] [&amp;&amp;]:text-white [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline" href="https://www.bmj.com/careers/jobs/general-practice/">GP jobs</a><a data-testid="jobs-button-4" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand flex justify-center items-center mb-4 mr-0 inline-block w-full cursor-pointer rounded-sm px-5 py-2.5 text-center text-white no-underline lg:mb-2 lg:mr-2 lg:w-[calc(50%-1rem)] [&amp;&amp;]:text-white [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline" href="https://www.bmj.com/careers/jobs/university-and-research/">University &amp; Research jobs</a></div><div class="flex flex-col"><a data-testid="job-title-1" href="https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/683996/paediatric-allergy-consultant/?TrackID=8&amp;utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=general" class="mb-[0.1rem] [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline">Paediatric Allergy Consultant</a><p data-testid="job-location-1" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">London</p><span data-testid="job-description-1" class="text-bmj-silver-800 text-[0.9375rem] leading-normal">The post holder will hold up two Paediatric allergy outpatients clinics per week. This will primarily be held in the Dragon Children&#x27;s Centre, on site</span><p data-testid="job-recruiter-1" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">Recruiter: <!-- -->St George&#x27;s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust</p><hr class="border-bmj-silver-100 my-2 mx-0 h-px last:hidden"/><a data-testid="job-title-2" href="https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/680074/locum-consultant-physician-in-geriatric-medicine-s-i-stroke-37hr-tuh-/?TrackID=8&amp;utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=general" class="mb-[0.1rem] [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline">Locum Consultant Physician in Geriatric Medicine s.i. Stroke (37hr TUH)</a><p data-testid="job-location-2" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">Tallaght, Dublin 24 (IE)</p><span data-testid="job-description-2" class="text-bmj-silver-800 text-[0.9375rem] leading-normal">Locum Consultant Physician in Geriatric Medicine s.i. Stroke (37hr TUH)</span><p data-testid="job-recruiter-2" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">Recruiter: <!-- -->Tallaght University Hospital</p><hr class="border-bmj-silver-100 my-2 mx-0 h-px last:hidden"/><a data-testid="job-title-3" href="https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/687951/consultant-in-paediatric-general-surgery-thoracic-and-upper-gi-/?TrackID=8&amp;utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=general" class="mb-[0.1rem] [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline">Consultant in Paediatric General Surgery (Thoracic &amp; Upper GI)</a><p data-testid="job-location-3" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">Leeds</p><span data-testid="job-description-3" class="text-bmj-silver-800 text-[0.9375rem] leading-normal">Required to fill two replacement posts within the General Surgical Department, specialising in Thoracic and Upper GI </span><p data-testid="job-recruiter-3" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">Recruiter: <!-- -->Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust</p><hr class="border-bmj-silver-100 my-2 mx-0 h-px last:hidden"/><a data-testid="job-title-4" href="https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/691657/senior-research-physician-/?TrackID=8&amp;utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=general" class="mb-[0.1rem] [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline">Senior Research Physician</a><p data-testid="job-location-4" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">Preston, York and Enfield (North London)</p><span data-testid="job-description-4" class="text-bmj-silver-800 text-[0.9375rem] leading-normal">We are looking for a forward-thinking individual with excellent communication skills. Candidate should be proactive &amp; striving to grow &amp; succeed</span><p data-testid="job-recruiter-4" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">Recruiter: <!-- -->Panthera Biopartners Limited</p><hr class="border-bmj-silver-100 my-2 mx-0 h-px last:hidden"/><a data-testid="job-title-5" href="https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/689157/eating-disorder-psychiatrist-/?TrackID=8&amp;utm_source=rss&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=general" class="mb-[0.1rem] [&amp;&amp;]:no-underline">Eating Disorder Psychiatrist</a><p data-testid="job-location-5" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">Brighton</p><span data-testid="job-description-5" class="text-bmj-silver-800 text-[0.9375rem] leading-normal">Introduction Are you an experienced CAMHS Consultant Psychiatrist looking for either a full time or part time opportunity where you will be part of a...</span><p data-testid="job-recruiter-5" class="m-0 [&amp;&amp;]:text-sm [&amp;&amp;]:leading-loose">Recruiter: <!-- -->Elysium Healthcare</p><hr class="border-bmj-silver-100 my-2 mx-0 h-px last:hidden"/></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer><div class="bg-bmj-primary-brand text-bmj-white m-0 mx-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col px-4 md:flex-row"><div data-testid="footer-content" class="md:border-b-none [&amp;:last-child]:border-b-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 border-b-[1px] border-b-white/50 pr-6 pt-5 pb-4 md:pt-8 md:pb-8"><span class="mt-0 mb-5 block text-base font-normal uppercase leading-4">CONTENT</span><ul class="ml-0 mb-4 pl-0"><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/content/current">Latest Content</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/content/by/year">Archive</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/pages/browse-by-collection">Browse by collection</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/pages/most-read-articles">Most read articles</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/pages/top-cited-articles">Top cited articles</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/eletters">Responses</a></li></ul><div class="flex"><a href="/pages/rss-feeds" data-testid="rss" class="[&amp;&gt;img]:m-[2px] [&amp;&gt;img]:p-[4px] [&amp;&gt;img]:hover:bg-white/20"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/social-media/rss.svg" alt="rss-icon" width="35" height="35" /></a><a href="https://twitter.com/BMJ_Open" data-testid="x" class="[&amp;&gt;img]:m-[2px] [&amp;&gt;img]:p-[4px] [&amp;&gt;img]:hover:bg-white/20"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/social-media/x.svg" alt="x-icon" width="35" height="35" /></a><a href="https://facebook.com/bmjopen" data-testid="facebook" class="[&amp;&gt;img]:m-[2px] [&amp;&gt;img]:p-[4px] [&amp;&gt;img]:hover:bg-white/20"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/social-media/facebook.svg" alt="facebook-icon" width="35" height="35" /></a><a href="http://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen" data-testid="social-blogs" class="[&amp;&gt;img]:m-[2px] [&amp;&gt;img]:p-[4px] [&amp;&gt;img]:hover:bg-white/20"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/social-media/social-blogs.svg" alt="social-blogs-icon" width="35" height="35" /></a></div></div><div data-testid="footer-journal" class="md:border-b-none [&amp;:last-child]:border-b-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 border-b-[1px] border-b-white/50 pr-6 pt-5 pb-4 md:pt-8 md:pb-8"><span class="mt-0 mb-5 block text-base font-normal uppercase leading-4">JOURNAL</span><ul class="ml-0 mb-4 pl-0"><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/pages/about">About</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/pages/editorial-board">Editorial Board</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts&amp;corpusCode=bmjopen&amp;fwdUrl=https://bmjopen.bmj.com/">Sign up for email alerts</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/pages/thank-you-to-our-reviewers">Thank you to our reviewers</a></li></ul><div class="flex"></div></div><div data-testid="footer-for-authors" class="md:border-b-none [&amp;:last-child]:border-b-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 border-b-[1px] border-b-white/50 pr-6 pt-5 pb-4 md:pt-8 md:pb-8"><span class="mt-0 mb-5 block text-base font-normal uppercase leading-4">FOR AUTHORS</span><ul class="ml-0 mb-4 pl-0"><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/pages/authors">Instructions for authors</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="https://app.penelope.ai/manuscript-check/q/bmjopen">Submit an article</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/">Editorial policies</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/openaccess">Open access at BMJ</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/pages/reviewerguidelines/">Instructions for reviewers</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="https://authors.bmj.com/">BMJ Author Hub</a></li></ul><div class="flex"></div></div><div data-testid="footer-help" class="md:border-b-none [&amp;:last-child]:border-b-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 border-b-[1px] border-b-white/50 pr-6 pt-5 pb-4 md:pt-8 md:pb-8"><span class="mt-0 mb-5 block text-base font-normal uppercase leading-4">HELP</span><ul class="ml-0 mb-4 pl-0"><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="/pages/contact-us">Contact us</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="https://journals.bmj.com/cgi/reprintform">Reprints</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/">Permissions</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/for-advertisers-and-sponsor/">Advertising</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&amp;:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&amp;:hover]:underline" href="https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/customerservice/salesforce-form.html">Feedback form</a></li></ul><div class="flex"></div></div></div><div class="justify-normal m-0 mx-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col px-4 pt-4 md:flex-row md:justify-between"><div class="relative h-[35px] w-[60px]"><a data-testid="bmj-footer-logo-link" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/"><img alt="bmj-footer-logo" loading="lazy" width="60" height="35" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/bmj-footer-logo.c6e1ad28003cb22dbd978555514ed05c.svg" /></a></div><div data-testid="copyright-data-wrapper" class="flex flex-col items-start md:items-end [&amp;&gt;:first-of-type]:mt-0 [&amp;&gt;span:nth-of-type(2)]:whitespace-normal"><a data-testid="website-terms-and-conditions" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/" class="decoration-none text-bmj-normal text-bmj-blue-500 [&amp;:hover]:decoration-none [&amp;:hover]:text-bmj-primary-brand mb-2 [&amp;&amp;&amp;]:mt-2 [&amp;&amp;&amp;]:md:mt-0">Website Terms &amp; Conditions</a><a data-testid="privacy-and-cookies" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/your-privacy/" class="decoration-none text-bmj-normal text-bmj-blue-500 [&amp;:hover]:decoration-none [&amp;:hover]:text-bmj-primary-brand mb-2 [&amp;&amp;&amp;]:mt-2 [&amp;&amp;&amp;]:md:mt-0">Privacy &amp; Cookies</a><a data-testid="contact-bmj" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/contact-us/" class="decoration-none text-bmj-normal text-bmj-blue-500 [&amp;:hover]:decoration-none [&amp;:hover]:text-bmj-primary-brand mb-2 [&amp;&amp;&amp;]:mt-2 [&amp;&amp;&amp;]:md:mt-0">Contact BMJ</a><a href="#!" data-testid="cookie-settings" id="ot-sdk-btn" class="ot-sdk-show-settings decoration-none !mt:0 mb-2 cursor-pointer !border !border-[#43791A] !bg-transparent px-2 py-1 !text-[0.875rem] !text-[#43791A] duration-100 ease-linear md:mb-0 [&amp;:hover]:!bg-[#43791A] [&amp;:hover]:!text-white">Cookie settings</a><span data-testid="online-issn" class="text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre text-sm leading-normal [&amp;&amp;&amp;]:mt-2">Online ISSN: 2044-6055</span><span data-testid="copyright" class="text-bmj-silver-800 mb-2 mt-2 whitespace-pre text-[0.875rem]">Copyright © 2025 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.</span></div></div></footer><div class="border-t-divider border-t bg-bmj-siver-30 flex items-center justify-center py-3 min-w-[auto] min-h-[100px] md:min-h-[250px]"><div id="div-gpt-ad-3321227-2" data-testid="bottom-ad-slot" class="flex items-center justify-center w-[auto] h-[100px] md:h-[250px]"></div></div></div></div><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"navigationalFooter":{"navigationItems":{"items":[{"id":158,"title":"CONTENT","child_items":[{"id":161,"title":"Latest Content","url":"/content/current"},{"id":162,"title":"Archive","url":"/content/by/year"},{"id":163,"title":"Browse by collection","url":"/pages/browse-by-collection"},{"id":164,"title":"Most read articles","url":"/pages/most-read-articles"},{"id":165,"title":"Top cited articles","url":"/pages/top-cited-articles"},{"id":166,"title":"Responses","url":"/eletters"}],"hasSocialBar":true},{"id":159,"title":"JOURNAL","child_items":[{"id":168,"title":"About","url":"/pages/about"},{"id":169,"title":"Editorial Board","url":"/pages/editorial-board"},{"id":167,"title":"Sign up for email alerts","url":"https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts\u0026corpusCode=bmjopen\u0026fwdUrl=https://bmjopen.bmj.com/"},{"id":170,"title":"Thank you to our reviewers","url":"/pages/thank-you-to-our-reviewers"}]},{"id":160,"title":"FOR AUTHORS","child_items":[{"id":180,"title":"Instructions for authors","url":"/pages/authors"},{"id":181,"title":"Submit an article","url":"https://app.penelope.ai/manuscript-check/q/bmjopen"},{"id":182,"title":"Editorial policies","url":"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/"},{"id":183,"title":"Open access at BMJ","url":"https://www.bmj.com/company/openaccess"},{"id":184,"title":"Instructions for reviewers","url":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/pages/reviewerguidelines/"},{"id":185,"title":"BMJ Author Hub","url":"https://authors.bmj.com/"}]},{"id":178,"title":"HELP","child_items":[{"id":186,"title":"Contact us","url":"/pages/contact-us"},{"id":187,"title":"Reprints","url":"https://journals.bmj.com/cgi/reprintform"},{"id":188,"title":"Permissions","url":"https://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/"},{"id":189,"title":"Advertising","url":"https://www.bmj.com/company/for-advertisers-and-sponsor/"},{"id":190,"title":"Feedback form","url":"https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/customerservice/salesforce-form.html"}]}]},"navigationIcons":[{"name":"rss","url":"/pages/rss-feeds"},{"name":"x","url":"https://twitter.com/BMJ_Open"},{"name":"facebook","url":"https://facebook.com/bmjopen"},{"name":"social-blogs","url":"http://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen"}]},"menuData":{"navData":[{"key":141,"displayName":"Latest content","link":"/content/current"},{"key":174,"displayName":"Archive","link":"/content/by/year"},{"key":175,"displayName":"For authors","link":"/pages/authors"},{"key":176,"displayName":"About","link":"/pages/about"},{"key":177,"displayName":"Browse by collection","link":"/pages/browse-by-collection/"}]},"widgets":[{"layoutType":"A","accentedBackground":false,"columnsContent":[{"widgetId":"intro_data","data":{"layoutType":"Z","columnsContent":["\u003ch1\u003eBMJ Open\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eis an online, open access journal, dedicated to publishing medical research from all disciplines and therapeutic areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImpact Factor:\u003c/strong\u003e 2.4\u003cbr /\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCitescore:\u003c/strong\u003e 4.4\u003cbr /\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"/pages/about\"\u003eAll metrics \u0026gt;\u0026gt;\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe journal publishes all research study types, from protocols through phase I trials to meta-analyses, including small, specialist studies, and negative studies. Publishing procedures are built around fully open peer review and continuous publication, publishing research online as soon as the article is ready.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBMJ Open\u003c/em\u003e aims to promote transparency in the publication process by publishing reviewer reports and previous versions of manuscripts as pre-publication histories. Authors are asked to pay article-publishing charges on acceptance; the ability to pay does not influence editorial decisions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll papers are included in MEDLINE/PubMed and Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science).\u003c/p\u003e\n","https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/journal-covers-static/bmjopen-default-cover.png"]}}]},{"layoutType":"A","accentedBackground":true,"columnsContent":[{"widgetId":"author_data","data":{"title":"Authors","layoutType":"B","collapsible":true,"columnsContent":["\u003cp\u003eBMJ Open accepts submissions on a range of article types, including original research, cohort profiles and protocols.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Author Information section provides specific article requirements to help you turn your research into an article suitable for BMJ Open.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInformation is also provided on \u003ca href=\"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/pages/authors/#editorial_policy\"\u003eeditorial policies\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/pages/authors/#article_publishing_charges\"\u003eopen access\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n",{"buttonOne":{"text":"Author information","link":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/pages/authors"},"buttonTwo":{"text":"Submit a paper","link":"https://app.penelope.ai/manuscript-check/q/bmjopen"}}]}}]},{"layoutType":"B","accentedBackground":false,"columnsContent":[{"widgetId":"collection1_data","data":{"title":"Press Releases","articleData":[{"id":0,"type":"Ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology","title":"Association of 15 common dietary factors with tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","link":"/content/15/3/e091507","authors":"Mengni Zhang, Xiaocui Wang, Shipeng Zhang, Xinyi He, Xi Chen, Lu Wang, Li Fu, Hanyu Wang, Qinwei Fu, Yanjie Jiang, Xinrong Li, Qinxiu Zhang","publicationDate":"18 March 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":1,"type":"Sports and exercise medicine","title":"Effects of water aerobics on body composition in obesity and overweight people: a systematic review and meta-analysis","link":"/content/15/3/e091743","authors":"Ziyan Ding, Zixuan Gao, Haixu Zhou, Jongchul Park","publicationDate":"11 March 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":2,"type":"Oncology","title":"WITHDRAWN","link":"/content/15/2/e082786","authors":"British Medical Journal Publishing Group","publicationDate":"27 February 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":3,"type":"Medical education and training","title":"UK medical students’ mental health and their intention to drop out: a longitudinal study","link":"/content/15/2/e094058","authors":"Asta Medisauskaite, Milou Silkens, Neha Lagisetty, Antonia Rich","publicationDate":"5 February 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":4,"type":"Epidemiology","title":"Long term exposure to ambient air pollution and hospital admission burden in Scotland: 16 year prospective population cohort study","link":"/content/14/12/e084032","authors":"Mary Abed Al Ahad, Urška Demšar, Frank Sullivan, Hill Kulu","publicationDate":"18 December 2024","icons":["openAccess"]}],"collapsible":true}},{"widgetId":"mostread_data","data":{"title":"Most Read Articles","articleData":[{"id":"10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085312","type":"Communication","title":"How does communication affect patient safety? Protocol for a systematic review and logic model ","link":"/content/14/5/e085312","publicationDate":"27 May 2024","icons":["openAccess"],"authors":"Jeremy Howick, Amber Bennett-Weston, Josie Solomon, Keith Nockels, Jennifer Bostock, Leila Keshtkar"},{"id":"10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086148","type":"General practice / Family practice","title":"ChatGPT (GPT-4) versus doctors on complex cases of the Swedish family medicine specialist examination: an observational comparative study ","link":"/content/14/12/e086148","publicationDate":"26 December 2024","icons":["openAccess"],"authors":"Rasmus Arvidsson, Ronny Gunnarsson, Artin Entezarjou, David Sundemo, Carl Wikberg"},{"id":"10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085272","type":"Pharmacology and therapeutics","title":"Low-dose naltrexone for post-COVID fatigue syndrome: a study protocol for a double-blind, randomised trial in British Columbia ","link":"/content/14/5/e085272","publicationDate":"13 May 2024","icons":["openAccess"],"authors":"Hiten Naik, Erin Cooke, Travis Boulter, Roger Dyer, Jeffrey N Bone, Melody Tsai, Jaymie Cristobal, R Jane McKay, Xiaowei Song, Luis Nacul"},{"id":"10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088538","type":"Patient-centred medicine","title":"Trajectories of functional limitations, health-related quality of life and societal costs in individuals with long COVID: a population-based longitudinal cohort study ","link":"/content/14/11/e088538","publicationDate":"13 November 2024","icons":["openAccess"],"authors":"Jiunn Wang, Henry Goodfellow, Sarah Walker, Ann Blandford, Paul Pfeffer, John R Hurst, David Sunkersing, Katherine Bradbury, Chris Robson, William Henley, Manuel Gomes"},{"id":"10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081632","type":"Public health","title":"Health impact of urban green spaces: a systematic review of heat-related morbidity and mortality ","link":"/content/14/9/e081632","publicationDate":"22 October 2024","icons":["openAccess"],"authors":"Ahsana Nazish, Kiran Abbas, Emmama Sattar"}],"collapsible":false}}]},{"layoutType":"C","accentedBackground":true,"columnsContent":[{"widgetId":"collection2_data","data":{"title":"Mental Health","articleData":[{"id":0,"type":"Mental health","title":"Mechanism-based modular psychotherapy versus cognitive behavioural therapy for adolescents and young adults with childhood trauma experiences: study protocol for a feasibility trial within the German Center for Mental Health","link":"/content/15/4/e090476","authors":"Katja I Seitz, Niklas Schouler, Jan Hundertmark, Maximilian Wilhelm, Svea Franz, Stephanie Bauer, Svenja Taubner, Christoph W Korn, Markus W Haun, Beate Ditzen, Hanna Zimmermann, Frank Enning, Ruben Vonderlin, Christian Schmahl, Elisabeth Schramm, Corina Aguilar-Raab, Eva Vonderlin, Josef Bailer, Elias Bopp, Astrid Berner-Rodoreda, Till Bärnighausen, Claudio Calvano, Manuel Feisst, Sophia von Stockert, Laura Tabea Kristalis, Hans-Christoph Friederich, Sabine C Herpertz","publicationDate":"9 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":1,"type":"Mental health","title":"Associations among health-related quality of life, mental resilience and social support in patients early after surgery for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a longitudinal study","link":"/content/15/4/e084781","authors":"Anqi Wang, Cui Wu, Di Tang, Jianghan Zhao, Shuo Yang, Hai Qin Fang, Liying Jiang","publicationDate":"9 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":2,"type":"Mental health","title":"Virtual Reality and Sound Intervention under Chemotherapy (ViSu): study protocol for a three-arm randomised-controlled trial","link":"/content/15/4/e094040","authors":"Steffen Holsteg, Luisa Ernsten, Nora K Schaal, Luisa M Keßling, Nele Schmutzler, Tanja N Fehm, Verena Friebe, Norbert Gattermann, Eugen Ruckhäberle, André Karger","publicationDate":"9 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":3,"type":"Mental health","title":"A protocol using mixed methods for the impact analysis of the implementation of the EMPOWER project: an eHealth intervention to promote mental health and well-being in European workplaces","link":"/content/15/4/e082219","authors":"Luis Salvador-Carulla, Sue Lukersmith, Cindy E Woods, Tom Chen, Carlota de Miquel","publicationDate":"9 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":4,"type":"Mental health","title":"Effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on appetite change and body weight in inpatients with schizophrenia in China: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","link":"/content/15/4/e090932","authors":"Yue Qin, Jin Yang, Baoyan Xu, Jun Yang, Haiyu Chen, Tianxiang Zou, Ziwei Teng, Jieyu Liu, Tengteng Zhang, Yuhan Su, Renrong Wu, Zaiwen Dong, Chong Yang, Jing Huang","publicationDate":"8 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]}],"collapsible":false}},{"widgetId":"latestarticles_data","data":{"title":"Recent Articles","collapsible":false,"articleData":[{"id":0,"type":"Oncology","title":"Randomised controlled trial of a psychosocial digital health application to promote coping for caregivers of patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a study protocol for the BMT-CARE app","link":"http://bmjopen.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/15/4/e092371?rss=1","publicationDate":"9 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":1,"type":"Reproductive medicine","title":"Preconception cardiometabolic health in patients seeking fertility services: protocol for a single-site, prospective cohort study","link":"http://bmjopen.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/15/4/e093704?rss=1","publicationDate":"9 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":2,"type":"Emergency medicine","title":"Usability and acceptability of ambulatory monitoring in undiagnosed syncope: insights from the ASPIRED-Q qualitative study","link":"http://bmjopen.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/15/4/e095927?rss=1","publicationDate":"9 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":3,"type":"Health services research","title":"Characterising the volume and variation of multiple urgent suspected cancer referrals in England, April 2013-March 2018: a national cohort study","link":"http://bmjopen.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/15/4/e097180?rss=1","publicationDate":"9 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]},{"id":4,"type":"Anaesthesia","title":"Near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor cerebral and renal oxygen saturation during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for paediatric congenital heart disease: study protocol for a prospective observational cohort trial","link":"http://bmjopen.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/15/4/e097459?rss=1","publicationDate":"9 April 2025","icons":["openAccess"]}]}},{"widgetId":"blogs_data","data":{"title":"Blog Posts","blogPosts":[{"id":1914,"title":"Top ten most read in February: UK medical students’ mental health and intention to drop out, restrictive fluid resuscitation in septic shock, traditional healing practices in sub-Saharan Africa","link":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/03/21/top-ten-most-read-in-february-uk-medical-students-mental-health-and-intention-to-drop-out-restrictive-fluid-resuscitation-in-septic-shock-traditional-healing-practices-in-sub-saharan-africa/","publicationDate":"21 March 2025","categories":[{"category":"Highly accessed","url":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/highly-accessed/"}]},{"id":1910,"title":"Increasing fruit, fibre, dairy and caffeine linked to lower risk of tinnitus","link":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/03/19/increasing-fruit-fibre-dairy-and-caffeine-linked-to-lower-risk-of-tinnitus/","publicationDate":"19 March 2025","categories":[{"category":"In the news","url":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/in-the-news/"},{"category":"Press release","url":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/press-release/"}]},{"id":1908,"title":"Water aerobics for more than 10 weeks can trim waist size and aid weight loss","link":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/03/12/water-aerobics-for-more-than-10-weeks-can-trim-waist-size-and-aid-weight-loss/","publicationDate":"12 March 2025","categories":[{"category":"In the news","url":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/in-the-news/"},{"category":"Press release","url":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/press-release/"}]},{"id":1903,"title":"Top ten most read in January: low-acuity attendances in German emergency departments, long COVID, Nurse-Family Partnership","link":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/02/28/top-ten-most-read-in-january-low-acuity-attendances-in-german-emergency-departments-long-covid-nurse-family-partnership/","publicationDate":"28 February 2025","categories":[{"category":"Highly accessed","url":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/highly-accessed/"}]},{"id":1902,"title":"Around 1 in 5 UK medical students considers dropping out, study suggests","link":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/2025/02/17/around-1-in-5-uk-medical-students-considers-dropping-out-study-suggests/","publicationDate":"17 February 2025","categories":[{"category":"In the news","url":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/in-the-news/"},{"category":"Press release","url":"https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjopen/category/press-release/"}]}],"collapsible":true}}]},{"layoutType":"A","accentedBackground":false,"columnsContent":[{"widgetId":"altmetrics_data","data":{"title":"Altmetrics","collapsible":true,"altmetricItemsData":[{"id":153147476,"title":"Effect of portable HEPA filters on COVID-19 period prevalence: an observational quasi-interventional study in German kindergartens","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072284","altmetricScore":1118,"badgeUrl":"https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/153147476_64.png","publicationDate":"30 July 2023"},{"id":160026341,"title":"Viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in body fluids associated with sexual activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073084","altmetricScore":829,"badgeUrl":"https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/160026341_64.png","publicationDate":"21 February 2024"},{"id":175279775,"title":"Association of 15 common dietary factors with tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091507","altmetricScore":813,"badgeUrl":"https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/175279775_64.png","publicationDate":"18 March 2025"},{"id":158898459,"title":"Association between kimchi consumption and obesity based on BMI and abdominal obesity in Korean adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the Health Examinees study","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076650","altmetricScore":804,"badgeUrl":"https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/158898459_64.png","publicationDate":"30 January 2024"},{"id":170390548,"title":"Trajectories of functional limitations, health-related quality of life and societal costs in individuals with long COVID: a population-based longitudinal cohort study","doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088538","altmetricScore":657,"badgeUrl":"https://api.altmetric.com/v1/donut/170390548_64.png","publicationDate":"13 November 2024"}]}}]},{"layoutType":"B","accentedBackground":false,"columnsContent":[{"widgetId":"relatedjournals_data","data":{"title":"Related Journals","description1":"","description2":"","relatedJournals":[{"code":"bmjresp","src":"https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/journal-covers-static/bmjresp-default-cover.png","title":"BMJ Open Respiratory Research","currentIssue":{"text":"","url":""},"journal":{"text":"Visit this journal","url":"https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com"},"rank":""},{"code":"bmjosem","src":"https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/journal-covers-static/bmjosem-default-cover.png","title":"BMJ Open Sport \u0026 Exercise Medicine","currentIssue":{"text":"","url":""},"journal":{"text":"Visit this journal","url":"https://bmjopensem.bmj.com"},"rank":""},{"code":"rmdopen","src":"https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/journal-covers-static/rmdopen-default-cover.png","title":"RMD Open","currentIssue":{"text":"","url":""},"journal":{"text":"Visit this journal","url":"https://rmdopen.bmj.com/"},"rank":""}],"collapsible":true}},{"widgetId":"jobs_data","data":{"buttons":[{"text":"View all doctor jobs","link":"https://www.bmj.com/careers"},{"text":"Hospital jobs","link":"https://www.bmj.com/careers/jobs/hospital/"},{"text":"GP jobs","link":"https://www.bmj.com/careers/jobs/general-practice/"},{"text":"University \u0026 Research jobs","link":"https://www.bmj.com/careers/jobs/university-and-research/"}],"jobs":[{"jobTitle":"Paediatric Allergy Consultant","jobTitleUrl":"https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/683996/paediatric-allergy-consultant/?TrackID=8\u0026utm_source=rss\u0026utm_medium=feed\u0026utm_campaign=general","location":"London","description":"The post holder will hold up two Paediatric allergy outpatients clinics per week. This will primarily be held in the Dragon Children's Centre, on site","recruiter":"St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust"},{"jobTitle":"Locum Consultant Physician in Geriatric Medicine s.i. Stroke (37hr TUH)","jobTitleUrl":"https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/680074/locum-consultant-physician-in-geriatric-medicine-s-i-stroke-37hr-tuh-/?TrackID=8\u0026utm_source=rss\u0026utm_medium=feed\u0026utm_campaign=general","location":"Tallaght, Dublin 24 (IE)","description":"Locum Consultant Physician in Geriatric Medicine s.i. Stroke (37hr TUH)","recruiter":"Tallaght University Hospital"},{"jobTitle":"Consultant in Paediatric General Surgery (Thoracic \u0026 Upper GI)","jobTitleUrl":"https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/687951/consultant-in-paediatric-general-surgery-thoracic-and-upper-gi-/?TrackID=8\u0026utm_source=rss\u0026utm_medium=feed\u0026utm_campaign=general","location":"Leeds","description":"Required to fill two replacement posts within the General Surgical Department, specialising in Thoracic and Upper GI ","recruiter":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust"},{"jobTitle":"Senior Research Physician","jobTitleUrl":"https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/691657/senior-research-physician-/?TrackID=8\u0026utm_source=rss\u0026utm_medium=feed\u0026utm_campaign=general","location":"Preston, York and Enfield (North London)","description":"We are looking for a forward-thinking individual with excellent communication skills. Candidate should be proactive \u0026 striving to grow \u0026 succeed","recruiter":"Panthera Biopartners Limited"},{"jobTitle":"Eating Disorder Psychiatrist","jobTitleUrl":"https://www.bmj.com/careers/job/689157/eating-disorder-psychiatrist-/?TrackID=8\u0026utm_source=rss\u0026utm_medium=feed\u0026utm_campaign=general","location":"Brighton","description":"Introduction Are you an experienced CAMHS Consultant Psychiatrist looking for either a full time or part time opportunity where you will be part of a...","recruiter":"Elysium Healthcare"}],"title":"Jobs","collapsible":false}}]}],"seoMetadata":[{"key":"title","property":"title","content":"Homepage | BMJ Open"},{"key":"robots","property":"robots","content":"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"},{"key":"canonical","property":"canonical","content":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com"},{"key":"og_locale","property":"og:locale","content":"en_GB"},{"key":"og_type","property":"og:type","content":"article"},{"key":"og_title","property":"og:title","content":"Homepage | BMJ Open"},{"key":"og_description","property":"og:description","content":"BMJ Open is a leading multidisciplinary open access medical journal publishing high-quality peer-reviewed content."},{"key":"description","name":"description","content":"BMJ Open is a leading multidisciplinary open access medical journal publishing high-quality peer-reviewed content."},{"key":"og_url","property":"og:url","content":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com"},{"key":"og_site_name","property":"og:site_name","content":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"og_image","property":"og:image","content":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/bmjopen/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2022/03/94bm3OnO_400x400.jpeg"},{"key":"og_image_width","property":"og:image:width","content":298},{"key":"og_image_height","property":"og:image:height","content":298},{"key":"twitter_image","property":"twitter:image","content":"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/bmjopen/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2022/03/94bm3OnO_400x400.jpeg"},{"key":"article_modified_time","property":"article:modified_time","content":"2024-05-16T15:27:52+00:00"},{"key":"twitter_card","property":"twitter:card","content":"summary_large_image"}],"adSlots":null,"breadcrumbsBarData":{"breadcrumbs":[],"emailAlertsLink":"https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts\u0026corpusCode=bmjopen\u0026fwdUrl=https://bmjopen.bmj.com/"},"gtmContainerCode":"GTM-W6PV7N","adsLazyLoad":true,"pageBuildInfo":{"pageBuildDate":"4/10/2025, 4:37:47 AM","pageBuildFutureDate":"4/10/2025, 10:37:47 AM"},"isPreview":false,"baiduCode":"7bb6ff62fc2da65e535b8613e5aa92b8"},"__N_SSG":true},"page":"/","query":{},"buildId":"gOWDLLjgG2vERHR4qqScT","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"gsp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10