CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="gu" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>સમાજવાદ - વિકિપીડિયા</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )guwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["0\t1\t2\t3\t4\t5\t6\t7\t8\t9", "૦\t૧\t૨\t૩\t૪\t૫\t૬\t૭\t૮\t૯"],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","જાન્યુઆરી","ફેબ્રુઆરી","માર્ચ","એપ્રિલ","મે","જૂન","જુલાઇ","ઓગસ્ટ","સપ્ટેમ્બર","ઓક્ટોબર","નવેમ્બર","ડિસેમ્બર"],"wgRequestId":"7b520a3b-921a-4246-935f-715a574dfdc2","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"સમાજવાદ","wgTitle":"સમાજવાદ","wgCurRevisionId":769775,"wgRevisionId":769775,"wgArticleId":109781,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1: long volume value","CS1 maint: discouraged parameter","Harv and Sfn no-target errors","સમાજશાસ્ત્ર","રાજનૈતિક વિચારધારા"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"gu","wgPageContentLanguage":"gu", "wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"સમાજવાદ","wgRelevantArticleId":109781,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"gu","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"gu"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7272","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile", "model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.AjaxQuickDelete","ext.gadget.refToolbar", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=gu&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=gu&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=gu&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="સમાજવાદ - વિકિપીડિયા"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//gu.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="ફેરફાર કરો" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="વિકિપીડિયા (gu)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//gu.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.gu"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="વિકિપીડિયા એટમ ફીડ" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-સમાજવાદ rootpage-સમાજવાદ skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">લખાણ પર જાઓ</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="મુખ્ય મેનુ" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">મુખ્ય મેનુ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">મુખ્ય મેનુ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">બાજુમાં ખસેડો</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">છુપાવો</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ભ્રમણ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%83%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A0" title="મુખ્ય પાના પર જાઓ [z]" accesskey="z"><span>મુખપૃષ્ઠ</span></a></li><li id="n-village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/વિકિપીડિયા:ચોતરો"><span>ચોતરો</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B" title="વિકિમાં હાલમાં થયેલ ફેરફારોની સૂચિ [r]" accesskey="r"><span>તાજા ફેરફારો</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%9A%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9B" title="કોઇ પણ એક લેખ બતાવો [x]" accesskey="x"><span>કોઈ પણ એક પાનું</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="શોધવા માટેની જગ્યા"><span>મદદ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%83%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="વિકિપીડિયા" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-gu.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-gu.svg" width="120" height="19" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A7" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="વિકિપીડિયા શોધો [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>શોધો</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="વિકિપીડિયા શોધો" aria-label="વિકિપીડિયા શોધો" autocapitalize="sentences" title="વિકિપીડિયા શોધો [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="વિશેષ:શોધ"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">શોધો</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="વ્યક્તિગત સાધનો"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gu.wikipedia.org&uselang=gu" class=""><span>દાન આપો</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%96%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8B&returnto=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="તમને ખાતું બનાવીને પ્રવેશ કરવા માટે આમંત્રણ છે; તેમ કરવું જોકે, આવશ્યક નથી" class=""><span>ખાતું બનાવો</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AD%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B5%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B6&returnto=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="આપને પ્રવેશ કરવા ભલામણ કરવામાં આવે છે, જોકે તે આવશ્યક નથી [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>પ્રવેશ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="વધુ વિકલ્પો" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="વ્યક્તિગત સાધનો" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">વ્યક્તિગત સાધનો</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gu.wikipedia.org&uselang=gu"><span>દાન આપો</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%96%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8B&returnto=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="તમને ખાતું બનાવીને પ્રવેશ કરવા માટે આમંત્રણ છે; તેમ કરવું જોકે, આવશ્યક નથી"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ખાતું બનાવો</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AD%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B5%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B6&returnto=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="આપને પ્રવેશ કરવા ભલામણ કરવામાં આવે છે, જોકે તે આવશ્યક નથી [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>પ્રવેશ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%A6:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>વધુ જાણો</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>યોગદાનો</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BE" title="આ IP સરનામા દ્વારા થયેલ ફેરફારની ચર્ચા [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ચર્ચા</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eવિસર્જન\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"gu\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"background:#f5faff; border:1px solid #a7d7f9; margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:100%; font-size: 85%; padding: 0.5ex; text-align: center;\"\u003Eગુજરાતીમાં ટાઈપ કરવા માટે ડાબી બાજુના હાંસિયામાં (કે લેખની ઉપર) \u003Cb\u003Eભાષાઓ\u003C/b\u003E કે \u003Cb\u003ELanguages\u003C/b\u003E પર (કે તેની બાજુમાં રહેલા \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0:Cog-ULS-gear-latest.png\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Cog-ULS-gear-latest.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"20\" height=\"14\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"14\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E પર) ક્લિક કરી Inputમાં ગુજરાતી હેઠળ તમને અનુકૂળ કીબોર્ડ પસંદ કરો.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="વિગતો" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">વિગતો</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">બાજુમાં ખસેડો</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">છુપાવો</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">શરૂઆત</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-સંદર્ભ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#સંદર્ભ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">૧</span> <span>સંદર્ભ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-સંદર્ભ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="વિગતો" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">સમાજવાદ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="બીજી ભાષાના લેખ પર જાઓ. આમાં પ્રાપ્ત છે: ૧૫૬ ભાષાઓ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-156" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">૧૫૬ ભાષાઓ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – આફ્રિકન્સ" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="આફ્રિકન્સ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismus" title="Sozialismus – સ્વિસ જર્મન" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sozialismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="સ્વિસ જર્મન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – અર્ગોનીઝ" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="અર્ગોનીઝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gem%C7%A3nscipes_r%C7%A3d" title="Gemǣnscipes rǣd – જુની અંગ્રેજી" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gemǣnscipes rǣd" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="જુની અંગ્રેજી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اشتراكية – અરબી" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اشتراكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="અરબી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="إشتراكية – મોરોક્કન અરબી" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إشتراكية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="મોરોક્કન અરબી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%87" title="اشتراكيه – ઈજિપ્શિયન અરબી" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اشتراكيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="ઈજિપ્શિયન અરબી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="সমাজবাদ – આસામી" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সমাজবাদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="આસામી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismu" title="Socialismu – અસ્તુરિયન" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Socialismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="અસ્તુરિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosializm" title="Sosializm – અઝરબૈજાની" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sosializm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="અઝરબૈજાની" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="سوسیالیسم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوسیالیسم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – બશ્કીર" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="બશ્કીર" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soc%C4%93l%C4%97zmos" title="Socēlėzmos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Socēlėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalismo" title="Sosyalismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sosyalismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сацыялізм – બેલારુશિયન" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сацыялізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="બેલારુશિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сацыялізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сацыялізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Социализъм – બલ્ગેરિયન" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Социализъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="બલ્ગેરિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="সমাজতন্ত্র – બાંગ્લા" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সমাজতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="બાંગ્લા" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="সমাজতন্ত্র – બિષ્નુપ્રિયા" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সমাজতন্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="બિષ્નુપ્રિયા" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokialouriezh" title="Sokialouriezh – બ્રેટોન" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sokialouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="બ્રેટોન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalizam" title="Socijalizam – બોસ્નિયન" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Socijalizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="બોસ્નિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – કતલાન" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="કતલાન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%A2-hu%C3%B4i-ci%C5%8D-ngi%C3%AA" title="Siâ-huôi-ciō-ngiê – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Siâ-huôi-ciō-ngiê" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – ચેચન" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ચેચન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سۆسیالیزم – સેન્ટ્રલ કુર્દિશ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سۆسیالیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="સેન્ટ્રલ કુર્દિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismus" title="Socialismus – ચેક" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Socialismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ચેક" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – ચૂવાશ" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ચૂવાશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialaeth" title="Sosialaeth – વેલ્શ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sosialaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="વેલ્શ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – ડેનિશ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ડેનિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismus" title="Sozialismus – જર્મન" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sozialismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="જર્મન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalizm" title="Sosyalizm – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sosyalizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Σοσιαλισμός – ગ્રીક" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σοσιαλισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ગ્રીક" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozial%C3%AEsum" title="Sozialîsum – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Sozialîsum" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – અંગ્રેજી" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="અંગ્રેજી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – એસ્પેરાન્ટો" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="એસ્પેરાન્ટો" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – સ્પેનિશ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="સ્પેનિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsialism" title="Sotsialism – એસ્ટોનિયન" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sotsialism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="એસ્ટોનિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismo" title="Sozialismo – બાસ્ક" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sozialismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="બાસ્ક" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="سوسیالیسم – ફારસી" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوسیالیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ફારસી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialismi" title="Sosialismi – ફિનિશ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sosialismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ફિનિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsialism" title="Sotsialism – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Sotsialism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisma" title="Sosialisma – ફોરિસ્ત" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sosialisma" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="ફોરિસ્ત" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – ફ્રેન્ચ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ફ્રેન્ચ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisim" title="Socialisim – ફ્રિયુલિયાન" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Socialisim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="ફ્રિયુલિયાન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosjalisme" title="Sosjalisme – પશ્ચિમિ ફ્રિશિયન" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sosjalisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="પશ્ચિમિ ફ્રિશિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3isialachas" title="Sóisialachas – આઇરિશ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sóisialachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="આઇરિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalism" title="Sosyalism – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Sosyalism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2isealachd" title="Sòisealachd – સ્કોટીસ ગેલિક" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sòisealachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="સ્કોટીસ ગેલિક" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – ગેલિશિયન" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ગેલિશિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91emoir%C5%A9rape" title="Ñemoirũrape – ગુઆરાની" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñemoirũrape" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="ગુઆરાની" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa-fi_ch%C3%BA-ngi" title="Sa-fi chú-ngi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sa-fi chú-ngi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="סוציאליזם – હીબ્રુ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוציאליזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="હીબ્રુ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – હિન્દી" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="હિન્દી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samajwaad" title="Samajwaad – ફીજી હિંદી" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Samajwaad" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="ફીજી હિંદી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalizam" title="Socijalizam – ક્રોએશિયન" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Socijalizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ક્રોએશિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szocializmus" title="Szocializmus – હંગેરિયન" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szocializmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="હંગેરિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Սոցիալիզմ – આર્મેનિયન" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սոցիալիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="આર્મેનિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – ઇંટરલિંગુઆ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ઇંટરલિંગુઆ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – ઇન્ડોનેશિયન" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ઇન્ડોનેશિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialismo" title="Sosialismo – ઇલોકો" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sosialismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ઇલોકો" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – ઈડો" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ઈડો" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3s%C3%ADalismi" title="Sósíalismi – આઇસલેન્ડિક" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sósíalismi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="આઇસલેન્ડિક" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – ઇટાલિયન" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ઇટાલિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社会主義 – જાપાનીઝ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="社会主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="જાપાનીઝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suoshalizim" title="Suoshalizim – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Suoshalizim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/cemtrusi%27o" title="cemtrusi'o – લોજ્બાન" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="cemtrusi'o" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="લોજ્બાન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – જાવાનીસ" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="જાવાનીસ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="სოციალიზმი – જ્યોર્જિયન" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სოციალიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="જ્યોર્જિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sama%C9%A3_%C3%B1%C9%A9m_l%C9%A9ma%C9%A3z%C9%A9y%C9%9B" title="Samaɣ ñɩm lɩmaɣzɩyɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Samaɣ ñɩm lɩmaɣzɩyɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – કઝાખ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="કઝાખ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%98" title="សង្គមនិយម – ખ્મેર" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សង្គមនិយម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="ખ્મેર" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6" title="ಸಮಾಜವಾದ – કન્નડ" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಮಾಜವಾದ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="કન્નડ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="사회주의 – કોરિયન" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사회주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="કોરિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – કરાચય-બલ્કાર" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="કરાચય-બલ્કાર" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyal%C3%AEzm" title="Sosyalîzm – કુર્દિશ" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sosyalîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="કુર્દિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socyalieth" title="Socyalieth – કોર્નિશ" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Socyalieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="કોર્નિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – કિર્ગીઝ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="કિર્ગીઝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismus" title="Socialismus – લેટિન" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Socialismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="લેટિન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismus" title="Sozialismus – લક્ઝેમબર્ગિશ" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sozialismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="લક્ઝેમબર્ગિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – લિંગ્વા ફેન્કા નોવા" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="લિંગ્વા ફેન્કા નોવા" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – લિંબૂર્ગિશ" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="લિંબૂર્ગિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisim%C9%9B" title="Sosialisimɛ – લિંગાલા" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sosialisimɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="લિંગાલા" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1" title="ສັງຄົມນິຍົມ – લાઓ" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສັງຄົມນິຍົມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="લાઓ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializmas" title="Socializmas – લિથુઆનિયન" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Socializmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="લિથુઆનિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C4%81lisms" title="Sociālisms – લાતવિયન" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sociālisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="લાતવિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – મૈથિલી" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="મૈથિલી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4sialisma" title="Sôsialisma – મલાગસી" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sôsialisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="મલાગસી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Социјализам – મેસેડોનિયન" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Социјализам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="મેસેડોનિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="സോഷ്യലിസം – મલયાલમ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സോഷ്യലിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="મલયાલમ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – મોંગોલિયન" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="મોંગોલિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – મરાઠી" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="મરાઠી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – મલય" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="મલય" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – મિરાંડી" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="મિરાંડી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%92" title="ဆိုရှယ်လစ်ဝါဒ – બર્મીઝ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆိုရှယ်လစ်ဝါဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="બર્મીઝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="سوسیالیسم – મઝાન્દેરાની" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سوسیالیسم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="મઝાન્દેરાની" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suggialismo" title="Suggialismo – નેપોલિટાન" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Suggialismo" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="નેપોલિટાન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sozialismus" title="Sozialismus – લો જર્મન" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sozialismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="લો જર્મન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – નેપાળી" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="નેપાળી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="समाजवाद – નેવારી" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="समाजवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="નેવારી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – ડચ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ડચ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – નોર્વેજિયન નાયનૉર્સ્ક" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="નોર્વેજિયન નાયનૉર્સ્ક" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisme" title="Sosialisme – નોર્વેજિયન બોકમાલ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sosialisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="નોર્વેજિયન બોકમાલ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boso%C5%A1alisiti" title="Bosošalisiti – ઉત્તરી સોથો" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Bosošalisiti" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="ઉત્તરી સોથો" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisme" title="Socialisme – ઓક્સિટન" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Socialisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ઓક્સિટન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਸਮਾਜਵਾਦ – પંજાબી" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਮਾਜਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="પંજાબી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socjalizm" title="Socjalizm – પોલીશ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Socjalizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="પોલીશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سوشلزم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سوشلزم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سوسیالیزم – પશ્તો" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سوسیالیزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="પશ્તો" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialismo" title="Socialismo – પોર્ટુગીઝ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Socialismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="પોર્ટુગીઝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susyalismu" title="Susyalismu – ક્વેચુઆ" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Susyalismu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ક્વેચુઆ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialissem" title="Socialissem – રોમાન્શ" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Socialissem" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="રોમાન્શ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – રોમાનિયન" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="રોમાનિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – રશિયન" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="રશિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Соціалізм – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Соціалізм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – સખા" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="સખા" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucial%C3%ACsimu" title="Sucialìsimu – સિસિલિયાન" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sucialìsimu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="સિસિલિયાન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – સ્કોટ્સ" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="સ્કોટ્સ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سوشلزم – સિંધી" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سوشلزم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="સિંધી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosialisma" title="Sosialisma – ઉત્તરી સામી" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Sosialisma" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="ઉત્તરી સામી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socijalizam" title="Socijalizam – સર્બો-ક્રોએશિયન" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Socijalizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="સર્બો-ક્રોએશિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="සමාජවාදය – સિંહાલી" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සමාජවාදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="સિંહાલી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializmus" title="Socializmus – સ્લોવૅક" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Socializmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="સ્લોવૅક" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializem" title="Socializem – સ્લોવેનિયન" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Socializem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="સ્લોવેનિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hantiwadaag" title="Hantiwadaag – સોમાલી" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hantiwadaag" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="સોમાલી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializmi" title="Socializmi – અલ્બેનિયન" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Socializmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="અલ્બેનિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Социјализам – સર્બિયન" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Социјализам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="સર્બિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism – સ્વીડિશ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Socialism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="સ્વીડિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usoshalisti" title="Usoshalisti – સ્વાહિલી" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Usoshalisti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="સ્વાહિલી" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="சமூகவுடைமை – તમિલ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சமூகவுடைமை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="તમિલ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="సోషలిజం – તેલુગુ" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సోషలిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="તેલુગુ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="สังคมนิยม – થાઈ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สังคมนิยม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="થાઈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalismo" title="Sosyalismo – ટાગાલોગ" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sosyalismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ટાગાલોગ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalizm" title="Sosyalizm – ટર્કિશ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sosyalizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ટર્કિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Социализм – તતાર" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Социализм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="તતાર" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Соціалізм – યુક્રેનિયન" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Соціалізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="યુક્રેનિયન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="اشتراکیت – ઉર્દૂ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اشتراکیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ઉર્દૂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotsializm" title="Sotsializm – ઉઝ્બેક" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sotsializm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ઉઝ્બેક" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socia%C5%82ismo" title="Sociałismo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sociałismo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socializm" title="Socializm – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Socializm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_x%C3%A3_h%E1%BB%99i" title="Chủ nghĩa xã hội – વિયેતનામીસ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa xã hội" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="વિયેતનામીસ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialisse" title="Socialisse – વાલૂન" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Socialisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="વાલૂન" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosyalismo" title="Sosyalismo – વારેય" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sosyalismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="વારેય" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社會主義 – વુ ચાઈનીઝ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="社會主義" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="વુ ચાઈનીઝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="სოციალიზმი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სოციალიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="סאציאליזם – યિદ્દિશ" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאציאליזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="યિદ્દિશ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8C%E1%B9%A3es%C3%B3s%C3%AD%C3%A1l%C3%ADst%C3%AC" title="Ìṣesósíálístì – યોરૂબા" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìṣesósíálístì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="યોરૂબા" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="社会主义 – ચાઇનીઝ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="社会主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ચાઇનીઝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C4%81-h%C5%8De-ch%C3%BA-g%C4%AB" title="Siā-hōe-chú-gī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siā-hōe-chú-gī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社會主義 – કેંટોનીઝ" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="社會主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="કેંટોનીઝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UCosulelwano" title="UCosulelwano – ઝુલુ" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UCosulelwano" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="ઝુલુ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7272#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="આંતરવિકિભાષા કડીમાં ફેરફાર કરો" class="wbc-editpage">કડીઓમાં ફેરફાર કરો</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="નામાવકાશો"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="સૂચિ વાળું પાનુ જુઓ [c]" accesskey="c"><span>લેખ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BE:%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" rel="discussion" title="અનુક્રમણિકાનાં પાના વિષે ચર્ચા [t]" accesskey="t"><span>ચર્ચા</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ગુજરાતી</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="દેખાવ"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6"><span>વાંચો</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&action=edit" title="આ પાનાંના સ્રોત કોડમાં ફેરફાર કરો [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&action=history" title="આ પાનાની અગાઉની આવૃત્તિઓ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>ઇતિહાસ જુઓ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="સાધનો" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">સાધનો</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">સાધનો</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">બાજુમાં ખસેડો</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">છુપાવો</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ક્રિયાઓ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6"><span>વાંચો</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&action=edit" title="આ પાનાંના સ્રોત કોડમાં ફેરફાર કરો [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&action=history"><span>ઇતિહાસ જુઓ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> સામાન્ય </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%9B%E0%AB%87%3F/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="અહીં જોડાતા બધાં વિકિ પાનાઓની યાદી [j]" accesskey="j"><span>અહિયાં શું જોડાય છે</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82_%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" rel="nofollow" title="આ પાના પરની કડીઓ વાળા લેખોમાં તાજેતરમાં થયેલા ફેરફારો [k]" accesskey="k"><span>સંબંધિત ફેરફારો</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82" title="બધા ખાસ પાનાંઓની યાદી [q]" accesskey="q"><span>ખાસ પાનાં</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&oldid=769775" title="પાનાનાં આ પુનરાવર્તનની સ્થાયી કડી"><span>સ્થાયી કડી</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&action=info" title="આ પાના વિષે વધુ માહિતી"><span>પાનાંની માહિતી</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:CiteThisPage&page=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&id=769775&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="આ પાનાનો સંદર્ભ કઈ રીતે ટાંકવો તેની માહિતી"><span>આ પાનું ટાંકો</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25AA%25B8%25E0%25AA%25AE%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%259C%25E0%25AA%25B5%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25A6"><span>ટૂંકું URL મેળવો</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25AA%25B8%25E0%25AA%25AE%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%259C%25E0%25AA%25B5%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25A6"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> છાપો/નિકાસ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6"><span>પુસ્તક બનાવો</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF તરીકે ડાઉનલોડ કરો</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&printable=yes" title="આ પાનાની છાપવા માટેની આવૃત્તિ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>પાનું છાપો</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> અન્ય પ્રકલ્પોમાં </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Socialism" hreflang="en"><span>વિકિમીડિયા કોમન્સ</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7272" title="ડેટા રીપોઝીટરીમાંની વસ્તુને સંકળતી કડી [g]" accesskey="g"><span>વિકિડેટા વસ્તુ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">બાજુમાં ખસેડો</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">છુપાવો</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">વિકિપીડિયામાંથી</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gu" dir="ltr"><p><b>સમાજવાદ</b> એક આર્થિક અને રાજકીય વિચારસરણી છે, કે જે માને છે કે ઉત્પાદનનાં તમામ સાધનોની પેદાશ, સર્જન, વહેંચણી તથા વિનિમય પર સમગ્ર <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C" title="સમાજ">સમાજની</a> સામૂહિક માલિકી તથા પ્રભુત્ત્વ હોવું જોઈએ.<sup id="cite_ref-મૂળે૨૦૦૭_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-મૂળે૨૦૦૭-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> સમાજવાદ માને છે કે ન્યાયના ધોરણ પર હાલની ઔદ્યોગિક પદ્ધતિ રચવા માટે દેશના ઉદ્યોગોની માલિકી અને વ્યવસ્થા સમાજને અથવા સમસ્ત પ્રજાને હસ્તક હોવાં જોઈએ. આ સિદ્ધાંતમાં રાજ્યના એક તંત્ર હેઠળ ઉદ્યોગ-વ્યવસ્થા રચવાનો ઉદ્દેશ હોવાથી સમાજવાદને સમૂહવાદ તરીકે પણ ઓળખવામાં આવે છે.<sup id="cite_ref-જોષી૨૦૧૬_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-જોષી૨૦૧૬-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>સમાજવાદ એ આર્થિક અને સામાજિક વ્યવસ્થાની એક શ્રેણી છે જે ઉત્પાદનના સાધન અને કામદારોના સ્વ-વ્યવસ્થાપનની સામાજિક માલિકી,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૨<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> તેમજ તેમની સાથે સંકળાયેલ રાજકીય સિદ્ધાંતો અને હિલચાલ દ્વારા વર્ગીકૃત થયેલ છે.<sup id="cite_ref-Socialism_at_The_Free_dictionary_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Socialism_at_The_Free_dictionary-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૩<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> સામાજિક માલિકી જાહેર, સામૂહિક અથવા સહકારી માલિકી અથવા તમામ નાગરિકોની સમાન રીતની માલિકી હોઈ શકે છે.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૪<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> સમાજવાદના ઘણા પ્રકારો છે અને તે બધાને સમાવવા માટે કોઈ એક જ વ્યાખ્યા નથી,<sup id="cite_ref-Peter_Lamb_2006._p._1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peter_Lamb_2006._p._1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૫<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> સામાજિક માલિકી દ્વારા વહેંચાયેલ વિવિધ સ્વરૂપો એ તેમાં રહેલું સામાન્ય તત્વ છે.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૬<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૭<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>સમાજવાદી તંત્રોને બિન-બજાર અને બજાર સ્વરૂપોમાં વહેંચવામાં આવે છે.<sup id="cite_ref-Kolb_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kolb-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૮<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> બિન-બજાર પ્રકારના સમાજવાદમાં પરિબળ બજારો અને નાણાંની જગ્યાએ એન્જીનિયરિંગ અને તકનીકી માપદંડનો સમાવિષ્ટ ગણતરીના સાથે સમાવેશ થાય છે, જેથી ત્યાં એક આર્થિક મિકેનિઝમ ઉત્પન્ન થાય છે જે <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="મૂડીવાદ">મૂડીવાદના</a> જ જુદા જુદા આર્થિક કાયદા અનુસાર કાર્ય કરે છે. મૂડી સંચય અને નફા પ્રણાલી સાથે પરંપરાગત રીતે સંકળાયેલ નબળાઇઓ અને કટોકટીઓને દૂર કરવા એ બિન-બજાર સમાજવાદનો હેતુ છે.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૭<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> તેનાથી વિપરીત રૂપે બજારોના સમાજવાદે નાણાકીય ભાવો, પરિબળ બજારો અને કેટલાક કિસ્સાઓમાં નફાના હેતુનો ઉપયોગ જાળવી રાખ્યો છે, જે સામાજીક માલિકીના ઉદ્યોગોના સંચાલન અને તેમની વચ્ચે મૂડી ચીજોની ફાળવણી સંદર્ભે છે. આ કંપનીઓ દ્વારા પ્રાપ્ત નફો પ્રત્યેક કંપનીના કર્મચારીઓ દ્વારા સીધો જ નિયંત્રિત કરવામાં આવતો હોય છે અથવા સામાજિક ડિવિડન્ડના રૂપમાં મોટા પ્રમાણમાં સમાજને પ્રાપ્ત થતો હોય છે.<sup id="cite_ref-Social_Dividend_versus_Basic_Income_Guarantee_in_Market_Socialism,_2004_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Social_Dividend_versus_Basic_Income_Guarantee_in_Market_Socialism,_2004-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૮<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૯<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૩૦<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>સમાજવાદી રાજકારણ અભિગમમાં આંતરરાષ્ટ્રીયવાદી અને રાષ્ટ્રવાદી બંને રહ્યું છે; રાજકીય પક્ષો દ્વારા સંગઠિત તે પક્ષના આંતરિક રાજકારણનો વિરોધ કરે છે; ટ્રેડ યુનિયન સાથે ઓવરલેપિંગ સમયે અને અન્ય સમયે સ્વતંત્ર અને યુનિયનોની ટીકાત્મક ભૂમિકા ભજવે છે; તે ઔદ્યોગિક અને વિકાસશીલ દેશો બંનેમાં હાજર છે.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૩૧<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> સમાજવાદી ચળવળમાં ઉદ્ભવતી સામાજિક લોકશાહીએ બજાર સાથે મિશ્ર અર્થતંત્રને સ્વીકાર્યું છે જેમાં આવક પુનઃવિતરણ અથવા આવક નિયમન અને કલ્યાણકારી રાજ્યના રૂપમાં નોંધપાત્ર રીતે રાજ્ય તરફથી દખલનો સમાવેશ થાય છે. બજાર સમાજવાદ એ એક પ્રકારની આર્થિક લોકશાહી ની દરખાસ્ત કરે છે જ્યાં કંપનીઓ, ચલણો, રોકાણો અને કુદરતી સંસાધનોનું વધુ વિકેન્દ્રિત નિયંત્રણ છે. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="સંદર્ભ"><span id=".E0.AA.B8.E0.AA.82.E0.AA.A6.E0.AA.B0.E0.AB.8D.E0.AA.AD"></span>સંદર્ભ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&action=edit&section=1" title="પરિચ્છેદમાં ફેરફાર કરો: સંદર્ભ"><span>ફેરફાર કરો</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r759898">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-મૂળે૨૦૦૭-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-મૂળે૨૦૦૭_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r821257">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFમૂળે2007" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">મૂળે, બાળકૃષ્ણ માધવરાવ (જાન્યુઆરી ૨૦૦૭). "સમાજવાદ". માં <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%A7%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%88_%E0%AA%A0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B0" title="ધીરુભાઈ ઠાકર">ઠાકર, ધીરુભાઈ</a> (સંપાદક). <i><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B6" title="ગુજરાતી વિશ્વકોશ">ગુજરાતી વિશ્વકોશ</a></i>. ખંડ ૨૨ (સ – સા) (પ્રથમ આવૃત્તિ). અમદાવાદ: ગુજરાતી વિશ્વકોશ ટ્રસ્ટ. પૃષ્ઠ ૨૨૩. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/213511854">213511854</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&rft.btitle=%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%80+%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B6&rft.place=%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&rft.pages=%E0%AB%A8%E0%AB%A8%E0%AB%A9&rft.edition=%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A5%E0%AA%AE&rft.pub=%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%80+%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B6+%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F213511854&rft.aulast=%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%B3%E0%AB%87&rft.aufirst=%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B3%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%83%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A3+%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-જોષી૨૦૧૬-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-જોષી૨૦૧૬_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFજોષી2016" class="citation book cs1">જોષી, વિદ્યુતભાઈ (૨૦૧૬). <i>પારિભાષિક કોશ-સમાજશાસ્ત્ર</i> (દ્વિતીય આવૃત્તિ). અમદાવાદ: યુનિવર્સિટી ગ્રંથનિર્માણ બોર્ડ. પૃષ્ઠ ૧૫૪. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-93-85344-46-6" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-93-85344-46-6"><bdi>978-93-85344-46-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95+%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B6-%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0&rft.place=%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&rft.pages=%E0%AB%A7%E0%AB%AB%E0%AB%AA&rft.edition=%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF&rft.pub=%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%80+%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A5%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A3+%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A1&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-93-85344-46-6&rft.aulast=%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%80&rft.aufirst=%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1918" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upton_Sinclair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upton Sinclair (પાનું અસ્તિત્વમાં નથી)">Sinclair, Upton</a> (1 January 1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i0w9AQAAMAAJ"><i>Upton Sinclair's: A Monthly Magazine: for Social Justice, by Peaceful Means If Possible</i></a>. <q>Socialism, you see, is a bird with two wings. The definition is 'social ownership and democratic control of the instruments and means of production.'</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Upton+Sinclair%27s%3A+A+Monthly+Magazine%3A+for+Social+Justice%2C+by+Peaceful+Means+If+Possible&rft.date=1918&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=Upton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di0w9AQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (<a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:CS1_maint:_discouraged_parameter" title="શ્રેણી:CS1 maint: discouraged parameter">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nove-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Nove_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFNove" class="citation web cs1">Nove, Alec. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dictionaryofeconomics.com/article?id=pde2008_S000173">"Socialism"</a>. <i>New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, Second Edition (2008)</i>. <q>A society may be defined as socialist if the major part of the means of production of goods and services is in some sense socially owned and operated, by state, socialised or cooperative enterprises. The practical issues of socialism comprise the relationships between management and workforce within the enterprise, the interrelationships between production units (plan versus markets), and, if the state owns and operates any part of the economy, who controls it and how.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Palgrave+Dictionary+of+Economics%2C+Second+Edition+%282008%29&rft.atitle=Socialism&rft.aulast=Nove&rft.aufirst=Alec&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionaryofeconomics.com%2Farticle%3Fid%3Dpde2008_S000173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFRosser2003" class="citation book cs1">Rosser, Mariana V. and J Barkley Jr. (23 July 2003). <i>Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy</i>. MIT Press. પૃષ્ઠ 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-262-18234-8" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-262-18234-8"><bdi>978-0-262-18234-8</bdi></a>. <q>Socialism is an economic system characterised by state or collective ownership of the means of production, land, and capital.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comparative+Economics+in+a+Transforming+World+Economy&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-262-18234-8&rft.aulast=Rosser&rft.aufirst=Mariana+V.+and+J+Barkley+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-N._Scott_Arnold_1998._pg._8-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-N._Scott_Arnold_1998._pg._8_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"What else does a socialist economic system involve? Those who favor socialism generally speak of social ownership, social control, or socialization of the means of production as the distinctive positive feature of a socialist economic system" N. Scott Arnold. <i>The Philosophy and Economics of Market Socialism : A Critical Study</i>. Oxford University Press. 1998. p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Busky1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Busky1_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFBusky2000" class="citation book cs1">Busky, Donald F. (2000). <i>Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey</i>. Praeger. પૃષ્ઠ 2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-275-96886-1" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-275-96886-1"><bdi>978-0-275-96886-1</bdi></a>. <q>Socialism may be defined as movements for social ownership and control of the economy. It is this idea that is the common element found in the many forms of socialism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democratic+Socialism%3A+A+Global+Survey&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-275-96886-1&rft.aulast=Busky&rft.aufirst=Donald+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFBertrand_BadieDirk_Berg-SchlosserLeonardo_Morlino2011" class="citation book cs1">Bertrand Badie; Dirk Berg-Schlosser; Leonardo Morlino (2011). <i>International Encyclopedia of Political Science</i>. SAGE Publications, Inc. પૃષ્ઠ 2456. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-1-4129-5963-6" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-1-4129-5963-6"><bdi>978-1-4129-5963-6</bdi></a>. <q>Socialist systems are those regimes based on the economic and political theory of socialism, which advocates public ownership and cooperative management of the means of production and allocation of resources.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Encyclopedia+of+Political+Science&rft.pages=2456&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications%2C+Inc&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-4129-5963-6&rft.au=Bertrand+Badie&rft.au=Dirk+Berg-Schlosser&rft.au=Leonardo+Morlino&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFZimbalist,_Sherman_and_Brown1988" class="citation book cs1">Zimbalist, Sherman and Brown, Andrew, Howard J. and Stuart (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6/page/7"><i>Comparing Economic Systems: A Political-Economic Approach</i></a>. Harcourt College Pub. પૃષ્ઠ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6/page/7">7</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-15-512403-5" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-15-512403-5"><bdi>978-0-15-512403-5</bdi></a>. <q>Pure socialism is defined as a system wherein all of the means of production are owned and run by the government and/or cooperative, nonprofit groups.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comparing+Economic+Systems%3A+A+Political-Economic+Approach&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Harcourt+College+Pub&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-15-512403-5&rft.aulast=Zimbalist%2C+Sherman+and+Brown&rft.aufirst=Andrew%2C+Howard+J.+and+Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcomparingeconomi0000zimb_q8i6%2Fpage%2F7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFBrus2015" class="citation book cs1">Brus, Wlodzimierz (2015). <i>The Economics and Politics of Socialism</i>. Routledge. પૃષ્ઠ 87. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-415-86647-7" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-415-86647-7"><bdi>978-0-415-86647-7</bdi></a>. <q>This alteration in the relationship between economy and politics is evident in the very definition of a socialist economic system. The basic characteristic of such a system is generally reckoned to be the predominance of the social ownership of the means of production.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Economics+and+Politics+of+Socialism&rft.pages=87&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-415-86647-7&rft.aulast=Brus&rft.aufirst=Wlodzimierz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFMichie2001" class="citation book cs1">Michie, Jonathan (2001). <i>Readers Guide to the Social Sciences</i>. Routledge. પૃષ્ઠ 1516. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-1-57958-091-9" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-1-57958-091-9"><bdi>978-1-57958-091-9</bdi></a>. <q>Just as private ownership defines capitalism, social ownership defines socialism. The essential characteristic of socialism in theory is that it destroys social hierarchies, and therefore leads to a politically and economically egalitarian society. Two closely related consequences follow. First, every individual is entitled to an equal ownership share that earns an aliquot part of the total social dividend…Second, in order to eliminate social hierarchy in the workplace, enterprises are run by those employed, and not by the representatives of private or state capital. Thus, the well-known historical tendency of the divorce between ownership and management is brought to an end. The society—i.e. every individual equally—owns capital and those who work are entitled to manage their own economic affairs.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Readers+Guide+to+the+Social+Sciences&rft.pages=1516&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-57958-091-9&rft.aulast=Michie&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૩<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nove_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nove-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૪<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૫<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-N._Scott_Arnold_1998._pg._8_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-N._Scott_Arnold_1998._pg._8-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૬<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Busky1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Busky1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૭<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૮<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૯<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૦<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૧<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Socialism_at_The_Free_dictionary-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Socialism_at_The_Free_dictionary_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"2. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) any of various social or political theories or movements in which the common welfare is to be achieved through the establishment of a socialist economic system" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/socialism">"Socialism" at The Free dictionary</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFO'Hara2003" class="citation book cs1">O'Hara, Phillip (2003). <i>Encyclopedia of Political Economy, Volume 2</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (પાનું અસ્તિત્વમાં નથી)">Routledge</a>. પૃષ્ઠ 71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-415-24187-8" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-415-24187-8"><bdi>978-0-415-24187-8</bdi></a>. <q>In order of increasing decentralisation (at least) three forms of socialised ownership can be distinguished: state-owned firms, employee-owned (or socially) owned firms, and citizen ownership of equity.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Political+Economy%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-415-24187-8&rft.aulast=O%27Hara&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peter_Lamb_2006._p._1-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Peter_Lamb_2006._p._1_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLambDocherty2006">Lamb & Docherty 2006</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFLambDocherty2006 (<a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="શ્રેણી:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1994" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Scott (1994). <i>The Philosophy and Economics of Market Socialism: A Critical Study</i>. Oxford University Press. પૃષ્ઠ 7–8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-19-508827-4" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-19-508827-4"><bdi>978-0-19-508827-4</bdi></a>. <q>This term is harder to define, since socialists disagree among themselves about what socialism ‘really is.’ It would seem that everyone (socialists and nonsocialists alike) could at least agree that it is not a system in which there is widespread private ownership of the means of production…To be a socialist is not just to believe in certain ends, goals, values, or ideals. It also requires a belief in a certain institutional means to achieve those ends; whatever that may mean in positive terms, it certainly presupposes, at a minimum, the belief that these ends and values cannot be achieved in an economic system in which there is widespread private ownership of the means of production…Those who favor socialism generally speak of social ownership, social control, or socialization of the means of production as the distinctive positive feature of a socialist economic system.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philosophy+and+Economics+of+Market+Socialism%3A+A+Critical+Study&rft.pages=7-8&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-19-508827-4&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFHastings,_Mason_and_Pyper2000" class="citation book cs1">Hastings, Mason and Pyper, Adrian, Alistair and Hugh (21 December 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00hast/page/677"><i>The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought</i></a>. Oxford University Press. પૃષ્ઠ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00hast/page/677">677</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-19-860024-4" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-19-860024-4"><bdi>978-0-19-860024-4</bdi></a>. <q>Socialists have always recognized that there are many possible forms of social ownership of which co-operative ownership is one...Nevertheless, socialism has throughout its history been inseparable from some form of common ownership. By its very nature it involves the abolition of private ownership of capital; bringing the means of production, distribution, and exchange into public ownership and control is central to its philosophy. It is difficult to see how it can survive, in theory or practice, without this central idea.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+Christian+Thought&rft.pages=677&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-860024-4&rft.aulast=Hastings%2C+Mason+and+Pyper&rft.aufirst=Adrian%2C+Alistair+and+Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordcompaniont00hast%2Fpage%2F677&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kolb-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kolb_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFKolb2007" class="citation book cs1">Kolb, Robert (19 October 2007). <i>Encyclopedia of Business Ethics and Society, First Edition</i>. SAGE Publications, Inc. પૃષ્ઠ 1345. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-1412916523" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-1412916523"><bdi>978-1412916523</bdi></a>. <q>There are many forms of socialism, all of which eliminate private ownership of capital and replace it with collective ownership. These many forms, all focused on advancing distributive justice for long-term social welfare, can be divided into two broad types of socialism: nonmarket and market.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Business+Ethics+and+Society%2C+First+Edition&rft.pages=1345&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications%2C+Inc&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1412916523&rft.aulast=Kolb&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFBockman2011" class="citation book cs1">Bockman, Johanna (2011). <i>Markets in the name of Socialism: The Left-Wing origins of Neoliberalism</i>. Stanford University Press. પૃષ્ઠ 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-8047-7566-3" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-8047-7566-3"><bdi>978-0-8047-7566-3</bdi></a>. <q>socialism would function without capitalist economic categories—such as money, prices, interest, profits and rent—and thus would function according to laws other than those described by current economic science. While some socialists recognised the need for money and prices at least during the transition from capitalism to socialism, socialists more commonly believed that the socialist economy would soon administratively mobilise the economy in physical units without the use of prices or money.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Markets+in+the+name+of+Socialism%3A+The+Left-Wing+origins+of+Neoliberalism&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-7566-3&rft.aulast=Bockman&rft.aufirst=Johanna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFSteele1999" class="citation book cs1">Steele, David Ramsay (1999). <i>From Marx to Mises: Post Capitalist Society and the Challenge of Economic Calculation</i>. Open Court. પૃષ્ઠ 175–77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-87548-449-5" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-87548-449-5"><bdi>978-0-87548-449-5</bdi></a>. <q>Especially before the 1930s, many socialists and anti-socialists implicitly accepted some form of the following for the incompatibility of state-owned industry and factor markets. A market transaction is an exchange of property titles between two independent transactors. Thus internal market exchanges cease when all of industry is brought into the ownership of a single entity, whether the state or some other organization...the discussion applies equally to any form of social or community ownership, where the owning entity is conceived as a single organization or administration.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Marx+to+Mises%3A+Post+Capitalist+Society+and+the+Challenge+of+Economic+Calculation&rft.pages=175-77&rft.pub=Open+Court&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-87548-449-5&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=David+Ramsay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Is Socialism Dead? A Comment on Market Socialism and Basic Income Capitalism</i>, by Arneson, Richard J. 1992. Ethics, vol. 102, no. 3, pp. 485–511. April 1992: "Marxian socialism is often identified with the call to organize economic activity on a nonmarket basis."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Market Socialism: The Debate Among Socialists</i>, by Schweickart, David; Lawler, James; Ticktin, Hillel; Ollman, Bertell. 1998. From "The Difference Between Marxism and Market Socialism" (pp. 61–63): "More fundamentally, a socialist society must be one in which the economy is run on the principle of the direct satisfaction of human needs...Exchange-value, prices and so money are goals in themselves in a capitalist society or in any market. There is no necessary connection between the accumulation of capital or sums of money and human welfare. Under conditions of backwardness, the spur of money and the accumulation of wealth has led to a massive growth in industry and technology ... It seems an odd argument to say that a capitalist will only be efficient in producing use-value of a good quality when trying to make more money than the next capitalist. It would seem easier to rely on the planning of use-values in a rational way, which because there is no duplication, would be produced more cheaply and be of a higher quality."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Economics of Feasible Socialism Revisited</i>, by Nove, Alexander. 1991. p. 13: "Under socialism, by definition, it (private property and factor markets) would be eliminated. There would then be something like ‘scientific management’, ‘the science of socially organized production’, but it would not be economics."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFKotz" class="citation web cs1">Kotz, David M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://people.umass.edu/dmkotz/Soc_and_Cap_Diff_Syst_06_12.pdf">"Socialism and Capitalism: Are They Qualitatively Different Socioeconomic Systems?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>University of Massachusetts</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. મેળવેલ <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Massachusetts&rft.atitle=Socialism+and+Capitalism%3A+Are+They+Qualitatively+Different+Socioeconomic+Systems%3F&rft.aulast=Kotz&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpeople.umass.edu%2Fdmkotz%2FSoc_and_Cap_Diff_Syst_06_12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span> "This understanding of socialism was held not just by revolutionary Marxist socialists but also by evolutionary socialists, Christian socialists, and even anarchists. At that time, there was also wide agreement about the basic institutions of the future socialist system: public ownership instead of private ownership of the means of production, economic planning instead of market forces, production for use instead of for profit."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toward_a_Socialism_for_the_Future,_in_the_Wake_of_the_Demise_of_the_Socialism_of_the_Past_1-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Toward_a_Socialism_for_the_Future,_in_the_Wake_of_the_Demise_of_the_Socialism_of_the_Past_1_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Toward a Socialism for the Future, in the Wake of the Demise of the Socialism of the Past</i>, by Weisskopf, Thomas E. 1992. Review of Radical Political Economics, Vol. 24, No. 3–4, p. 2: "Socialism has historically been committed to the improvement of people's material standards of living. Indeed, in earlier days many socialists saw the promotion of improving material living standards as the primary basis for socialism's claim to superiority over capitalism, for socialism was to overcome the irrationality and inefficiency seen as endemic to a capitalist system of economic organization."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFPrychito2002" class="citation book cs1">Prychito, David L. (2002). <i>Markets, Planning, and Democracy: Essays After the Collapse of Communism</i>. Edward Elgar Publishing. પૃષ્ઠ 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-1-84064-519-4" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-1-84064-519-4"><bdi>978-1-84064-519-4</bdi></a>. <q>Socialism is a system based upon de facto public or social ownership of the means of production, the abolition of a hierarchical division of labor in the enterprise, a consciously organized social division of labor. Under socialism, money, competitive pricing, and profit-loss accounting would be destroyed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Markets%2C+Planning%2C+and+Democracy%3A+Essays+After+the+Collapse+of+Communism&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-84064-519-4&rft.aulast=Prychito&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૧૯<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૦<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૧<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૨<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૩<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૪<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Toward_a_Socialism_for_the_Future,_in_the_Wake_of_the_Demise_of_the_Socialism_of_the_Past_1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toward_a_Socialism_for_the_Future,_in_the_Wake_of_the_Demise_of_the_Socialism_of_the_Past_1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૫<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>૨૬<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Social_Dividend_versus_Basic_Income_Guarantee_in_Market_Socialism,_2004-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Social_Dividend_versus_Basic_Income_Guarantee_in_Market_Socialism,_2004_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Social Dividend versus Basic Income Guarantee in Market Socialism</i>, by Marangos, John. 2004. International Journal of Political Economy, vol. 34, no. 3, Fall 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFO'Hara2000" class="citation book cs1">O'Hara, Phillip (2000). <i>Encyclopedia of Political Economy, Volume 2</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Routledge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Routledge (પાનું અસ્તિત્વમાં નથી)">Routledge</a>. પૃષ્ઠ 71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-415-24187-8" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-415-24187-8"><bdi>978-0-415-24187-8</bdi></a>. <q>Market socialism is the general designation for a number of models of economic systems. On the one hand, the market mechanism is utilized to distribute economic output, to organize production and to allocate factor inputs. On the other hand, the economic surplus accrues to society at large rather than to a class of private (capitalist) owners, through some form of collective, public or social ownership of capital.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Political+Economy%2C+Volume+2&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-415-24187-8&rft.aulast=O%27Hara&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r821257"><cite id="CITEREFPierson1995" class="citation book cs1">Pierson, Christopher (1995). <i>Socialism After Communism: The New Market Socialism</i>. Pennsylvania State Univ Press. પૃષ્ઠ 96. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4/978-0-271-01478-4" title="વિશેષ:પુસ્તકસ્રોત/978-0-271-01478-4"><bdi>978-0-271-01478-4</bdi></a>. <q>At the heart of the market socialist model is the abolition of the large-scale private ownership of capital and its replacement by some form of ‘social ownership’. Even the most conservative accounts of market socialism insist that this abolition of large-scale holdings of private capital is essential. This requirement is fully consistent with the market socialists’ general claim that the vices of market capitalism lie not with the institutions of the market but with (the consequences of) the private ownership of capital...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Socialism+After+Communism%3A+The+New+Market+Socialism&rft.pages=96&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+Univ+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-271-01478-4&rft.aulast=Pierson&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgu.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"In fact, socialism has been both centralist and local; organized from above and built from below; visionary and pragmatic; revolutionary and reformist; anti-state and statist; internationalist and nationalist; harnessed to political parties and shunning them; an outgrowth of trade unionism and independent of it; a feature of rich industrialized countries and poor peasant-based communities" Michael Newman. Socialism: A very Short introduction. Oxford University Press. 2005. p. 2.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=સમાજવાદ&oldid=769775">https://gu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=સમાજવાદ&oldid=769775</a>" થી મેળવેલ</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B7:%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%93" title="વિશેષ:શ્રેણીઓ">શ્રેણીઓ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="શ્રેણી:સમાજશાસ્ત્ર">સમાજશાસ્ત્ર</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%88%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95_%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE" title="શ્રેણી:રાજનૈતિક વિચારધારા">રાજનૈતિક વિચારધારા</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">છુપી શ્રેણીઓ: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="શ્રેણી:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:CS1_maint:_discouraged_parameter" title="શ્રેણી:CS1 maint: discouraged parameter">CS1 maint: discouraged parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80:Harv_and_Sfn_no-target_errors" title="શ્રેણી:Harv and Sfn no-target errors">Harv and Sfn no-target errors</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> આ પાનાંમાં છેલ્લો ફેરફાર ૨૭ મે ૨૦૨૧ના રોજ ૧૯:૫૧ વાગ્યે થયો.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">આ લખાણ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> હેઠળ ઉપલબ્ધ છે; વધારાની શરતો લાગુ પડી શકે છે. વધુ માહિતી માટે <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">વપરાશની શરતો</a> જુઓ.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">ગોપનિયતા નીતિ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE:%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B7%E0%AB%87">વિકિપીડિયા વિષે</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE:%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A3_%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0">દાવેદારી ઇનકાર</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">આચારસંહિતા</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">ડેવલપર્સ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/gu.wikipedia.org">આંકડાકીય માહિતી</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">કૂકી માહિતી</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//gu.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">મોબાઈલ દેખાવ</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-847495b4dd-bjnbt","wgBackendResponseTime":128,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.264","walltime":"0.310","ppvisitednodes":{"value":988,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":50464,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":612,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":80924,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 281.110 1 -total"," 92.55% 260.173 1 ઢાંચો:Reflist"," 33.68% 94.690 1 ઢાંચો:Cite_encyclopedia"," 27.02% 75.970 17 ઢાંચો:Cite_book"," 12.54% 35.261 1 ઢાંચો:Harvard_citation_no_brackets"," 5.56% 15.625 2 ઢાંચો:Refn"," 3.66% 10.277 2 ઢાંચો:Cite_web"," 1.16% 3.271 1 ઢાંચો:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.156","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4284352,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFArnold1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBertrand_BadieDirk_Berg-SchlosserLeonardo_Morlino2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBockman2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrus2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBusky2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHastings,_Mason_and_Pyper2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKolb2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKotz\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMichie2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNove\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Hara2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Hara2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPierson1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrychito2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosser2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSinclair1918\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSteele1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZimbalist,_Sherman_and_Brown1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFજોષી\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFમૂળે\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Cite book\"] = 17,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 2,\n [\"Harvard citation no brackets\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Refn\"] = 2,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-tfkkl","timestamp":"20241123023040","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0ab8\u0aae\u0abe\u0a9c\u0ab5\u0abe\u0aa6","url":"https:\/\/gu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7272","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7272","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2019-11-08T09:57:24Z","dateModified":"2021-05-27T14:21:05Z","headline":"\u0a89\u0aa4\u0acd\u0aaa\u0abe\u0aa6\u0aa8\u0aa8\u0abe\u0a82 \u0aa4\u0aae\u0abe\u0aae \u0ab8\u0abe\u0aa7\u0aa8\u0acb\u0aa8\u0ac0 \u0aaa\u0ac7\u0aa6\u0abe\u0ab6, \u0ab8\u0ab0\u0acd\u0a9c\u0aa8, \u0ab5\u0ab9\u0ac7\u0a82\u0a9a\u0aa3\u0ac0 \u0aa4\u0aa5\u0abe \u0ab5\u0abf\u0aa8\u0abf\u0aae\u0aaf \u0aaa\u0ab0 \u0ab8\u0aae\u0a97\u0acd\u0ab0 \u0ab8\u0aae\u0abe\u0a9c\u0aa8\u0ac0 \u0ab8\u0abe\u0aae\u0ac2\u0ab9\u0abf\u0a95 \u0aae\u0abe\u0ab2\u0abf\u0a95\u0ac0 \u0aa4\u0aa5\u0abe \u0aaa\u0acd\u0ab0"}</script> </body> </html>