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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content">The printable version is no longer supported and may have rendering errors. Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.</div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2020 United States law</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom:0.25em">Hong Kong Autonomy Act</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_(obverse).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Great Seal of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/140px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/210px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/280px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Long title</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">To impose sanctions with respect to foreign persons involved in the erosion of certain obligations of China with respect to Hong Kong, and for other purposes.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Enacted by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">the <a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th United States Congress</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Effective</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">July 14, 2020</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#bbddff">Citations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Public law</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress#Public_law,_private_law,_designation" title="Act of Congress"><abbr title="Public Law">Pub. L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/116/public/149?link-type=html">116–149 (text)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/plaw/116/public/149?link-type=pdf&.pdf">(PDF)</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#bbddff"><span class="nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/7440">Legislative history</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em"><div><ul style="line-height:1.3em;text-align:left"><li><b>Introduced</b> in the House as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/7440">H.R. 7440</a> by <a href="/wiki/Brad_Sherman" title="Brad Sherman">Brad Sherman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>-<a href="/wiki/California" title="California">CA</a>) on July 1, 2020</li><li><b>Committee consideration</b> by <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Foreign_Affairs" title="United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs">House Foreign Relations</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">House Judiciary</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Financial_Services" title="United States House Committee on Financial Services">House Financial Services</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Ways_and_Means" title="United States House Committee on Ways and Means">House Ways and Means</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Rules" title="United States House Committee on Rules">House Rules</a></li><li><b>Passed the House</b> on July 1, 2020 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/congressional-record/2020/07/01/house-section/article/H3039-5">unanimous consent</a>)</li><li><b>Passed the Senate</b> on July 2, 2020 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/congressional-record/2020/07/02/senate-section/article/S4179-1">unanimous consent</a>)</li><li><b>Signed into law</b> by President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> on July 14, 2020</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Hong Kong Autonomy Act</b> is legislation passed by the United States Congress following the enactment in June 2020 by the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a> of the <a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="2020 Hong Kong national security law">Hong Kong national security law</a>. </p><p>The Act was signed into law by US President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> on 14 July 2020,<sup id="cite_ref-aljazeera_200714183911_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aljazeera_200714183911-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and imposes sanctions on officials and entities in Hong Kong as well as in mainland China that are deemed to help violate Hong Kong's autonomy, and punishes financial institutions that do business with them.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the signing, Trump also signed <a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13936" title="Executive Order 13936">Executive Order 13936</a> to "hold China accountable for its aggressive actions against the people of Hong Kong". Trump also revoked the territory's special status, saying “No special privileges [for Hong Kong], no special economic treatment and no export of sensitive technologies".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also blocked any dealings in US property by anyone determined to be responsible for or complicit in "actions or policies that undermine democratic processes or institutions in Hong Kong", and directs officials to "revoke license exceptions for exports to Hong Kong," and includes revoking special treatment for Hong Kong passport holders.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Citing the Act, on 11 August 2020, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Customs_and_Border_Protection" title="U.S. Customs and Border Protection">United States customs</a> announced that after 25 September goods imported into the US cannot use the "Made In Hong Kong" label and will need to be labeled "Made In China".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Passage">Passage</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Trump_Signs_an_Executive_Order_(50119222336).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/President_Trump_Signs_an_Executive_Order_%2850119222336%29.jpg/220px-President_Trump_Signs_an_Executive_Order_%2850119222336%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/President_Trump_Signs_an_Executive_Order_%2850119222336%29.jpg/330px-President_Trump_Signs_an_Executive_Order_%2850119222336%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/President_Trump_Signs_an_Executive_Order_%2850119222336%29.jpg/440px-President_Trump_Signs_an_Executive_Order_%2850119222336%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>President Donald Trump signing the act, together with <a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13936" title="Executive Order 13936">Executive Order 13936</a>, on July 14, 2020</figcaption></figure> <p>The bill was sponsored by Democratic senator <a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Chris Van Hollen</a> and Republican senator <a href="/wiki/Pat_Toomey" title="Pat Toomey">Pat Toomey</a>. It was approved by lawmakers in both houses by <a href="/wiki/Unanimous_consent" title="Unanimous consent">unanimous consent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-scmp_3093200_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scmp_3093200-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chinese_response">Chinese response</h2></div> <p>The day following the signing, China promised retaliation if the US implemented the Act. The Chinese foreign ministry referred to the law as "a mistake", said that it amounted to "gross interference in China's internal affairs" and that the US was violating international law and basic norms of international relations.<sup id="cite_ref-indiatvnews_634469_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiatvnews_634469-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 30 October 2020, the government of Hong Kong submitted a dispute to the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a> regarding the "Made In China" label requirement, stating that the requirement was in violation of WTO rules because Hong Kong and China are different members of the WTO.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 21 December 2022, the WTO ruled in favor of Hong Kong and against the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 26 January 2023, the United States appealed the WTO ruling. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States-Hong_Kong_Policy_Act" title="United States-Hong Kong Policy Act">Hong Kong Policy Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Human_Rights_and_Democracy_Act" title="Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act">Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnitsky_Act" title="Magnitsky Act">Magnitsky Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_sanctions_against_China" title="United States sanctions against China">United States sanctions against China</a></li></ul> <div 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wto.org&rft.atitle=Hong+Kong%2C+China+initiates+dispute+complaint+against+US+origin+marking+requirements&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wto.org%2Fenglish%2Fnews_e%2Fnews20_e%2Fds597rfc_03nov20_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong+Autonomy+Act" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds597_e.htm">"WTO | dispute settlement - DS597: United States — Origin Marking Requirement"</a>. <i>www.wto.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wto.org&rft.atitle=WTO+%7C+dispute+settlement+-+DS597%3A+United+States+%E2%80%94+Origin+Marking+Requirement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wto.org%2Fenglish%2Ftratop_e%2Fdispu_e%2Fcases_e%2Fds597_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHong+Kong+Autonomy+Act" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221221163151/https://www.reuters.com/business/wto-rules-against-us-hong-kong-labelling-dispute-2022-12-21/">"WTO rules against U.S. in Hong Kong labelling dispute"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. 21 December 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/wto-rules-against-us-hong-kong-labelling-dispute-2022-12-21/">the original</a> on 21 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">One country, two systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp_(Hong_Kong)" title="Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)">Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">2019–2020 Hong Kong protests</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberate_Hong_Kong,_revolution_of_our_times" title="Liberate Hong Kong, revolution of our times">Liberate Hong Kong, revolution of our times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glory_to_Hong_Kong" title="Glory to Hong Kong">Glory to Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Bauhinia_flag" title="Black Bauhinia flag">Black Bauhinia flag</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="National Security Law of the People's Republic of China">National Security Law of the People's Republic of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inciting_subversion_of_state_power" title="Inciting subversion of state power">Inciting subversion of state power</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law_Article_23" title="Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23">HK Basic Law <br /> Article 23</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_(Legislative_Provisions)_Bill_2003" title="National Security (Legislative Provisions) Bill 2003">National Security (Legislative Provisions) Bill 2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="2020 Hong Kong national security law">2020 Hong Kong national security law</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress_decision_on_Hong_Kong_national_security_legislation" title="National People's Congress decision on Hong Kong national security legislation">National People's Congress decision</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safeguarding_National_Security_Ordinance" title="Safeguarding National Security Ordinance">Safeguarding National Security Ordinance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hong_Kong_national_security_cases" title="List of Hong Kong national security cases">Notable cases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Daily_raids_and_arrests" title="Apple Daily raids and arrests">Apple Daily</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/HKSAR_v_Lai_Chee_Ying" title="HKSAR v Lai Chee Ying">HKSAR v Lai Chee Ying</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand_News_raids_and_arrests" title="Stand News raids and arrests">Stand News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_12" title="Hong Kong 12">Hong Kong 12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_47" title="Hong Kong 47">Hong Kong 47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Chow_arrest_under_National_Security_Law" title="Agnes Chow arrest under National Security Law">Agnes Chow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_July_police_stabbing" title="1 July police stabbing">1 July police stabbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studentlocalism" title="Studentlocalism">Studentlocalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Politicism" title="Student Politicism">Student Politicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Returning_Valiant" title="Returning Valiant">Returning Valiant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Alliance_in_Support_of_Patriotic_Democratic_Movements_of_China" title="Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China">Hong Kong Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Independence_Party" title="Hong Kong Independence Party">Hong Kong Independence Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Safeguarding_National_Security_of_the_CPG_in_the_HKSAR" class="mw-redirect" title="Office for Safeguarding National Security of the CPG in the HKSAR">National Security Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Department" title="National Security Department">National Security Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Safeguarding_National_Security_of_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region">National Security Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_national_security_judges" title="Hong Kong national security judges">National security judges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Impact</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_effects_of_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Local effects of the Hong Kong national security law">Local</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_media_due_to_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" class="mw-redirect" title="List of defunct media due to Hong Kong national security law">Defunct media list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_2020_Chinese_involvement_with_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="Responses to the 2020 Chinese involvement with Hong Kong national security law">International</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_National_(Overseas)" title="British National (Overseas)">British National (Overseas)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hong Kong Autonomy Act</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:People_convicted_under_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="Category:People convicted under the Hong Kong national security law">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikisource page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_on_Safeguarding_National_Security_in_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Law of the People's Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region">Full text</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_on_Safeguarding_National_Security_in_the_Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Law of the People's Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="frameless&#124;20px_2019–2020_Hong_Kong_protests" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Template:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Template talk:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="frameless&#124;20px_2019–2020_Hong_Kong_protests" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Hong_Kong_(Black_Bauhinia_with_wilted_petals_variant).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Emblem_of_Hong_Kong_%28Black_Bauhinia_with_wilted_petals_variant%29.svg/20px-Emblem_of_Hong_Kong_%28Black_Bauhinia_with_wilted_petals_variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Emblem_of_Hong_Kong_%28Black_Bauhinia_with_wilted_petals_variant%29.svg/30px-Emblem_of_Hong_Kong_%28Black_Bauhinia_with_wilted_petals_variant%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Emblem_of_Hong_Kong_%28Black_Bauhinia_with_wilted_petals_variant%29.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Hong_Kong_%28Black_Bauhinia_with_wilted_petals_variant%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="513" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">2019–2020 Hong Kong protests</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#eeeeee;"><div>Part of <a href="/wiki/Democratic_development_in_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic development in Hong Kong">democratic development in Hong Kong</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Mainland_China_conflict" title="Hong Kong–Mainland China conflict">Hong Kong–Mainland China conflict</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Causes_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Causes of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">Causes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Hong_Kong_extradition_bill" title="2019 Hong Kong extradition bill">Extradition bill</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Poon_Hiu-wing" title="Murder of Poon Hiu-wing">Murder of Poon Hiu-wing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Mainland_China_conflict" title="Hong Kong–Mainland China conflict">Hong Kong–Mainland China conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbrella_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Umbrella Revolution">Umbrella Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(March%E2%80%93June_2019)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (March–June 2019)">March–June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(July_2019)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (July 2019)">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(August_2019)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (August 2019)">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(September_2019)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (September 2019)">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(October_2019)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (October 2019)">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(November_2019)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (November 2019)">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(December_2019)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (December 2019)">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(January_2020)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (January 2020)">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(February_2020)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (February 2020)">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(March_2020)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (March 2020)">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(April_2020)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (April 2020)">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(May_2020)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (May 2020)">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(June_2020)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (June 2020)">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(July_2020)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (July 2020)">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(August_2020)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (August 2020)">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests_(September_2020)" title="Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (September 2020)">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(October_2020)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (October 2020)">October</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(November_2020)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (November 2020)">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(December_2020)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (December 2020)">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(January_2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (January 2021)">January</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(February_2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (February 2021)">February</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(March_2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (March 2021)">March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(April_2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (April 2021)">April</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(May_2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (May 2021)">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(June_2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (June 2021)">June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(July_2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (July 2021)">July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(August_2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (August 2021)">August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_reactions_to_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law_(September%E2%80%93November_2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of reactions to the Hong Kong national security law (September–November 2021)">September–November</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12_June_2019_Hong_Kong_protest" title="12 June 2019 Hong Kong protest">12 June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storming_of_the_Legislative_Council_Complex" title="Storming of the Legislative Council Complex">Storming of the Legislative Council Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Yuen_Long_attack" title="2019 Yuen Long attack">Yuen Long attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Way" title="Hong Kong Way">Hong Kong Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Prince_Edward_station_attack" title="2019 Prince Edward station attack">Prince Edward station attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_CUHK_campus_conflict" title="2019 CUHK campus conflict">CUHK conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Hong_Kong_Polytechnic_University" title="Siege of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University">Siege of PolyU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_detainment_of_Hong_Kong_residents_at_sea_by_China" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 detainment of Hong Kong residents at sea by China">2020 detainment of Hong Kong residents at sea by China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Hong_Kong_local_elections" title="2019 Hong Kong local elections">2019 District Council election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="2021 Hong Kong legislative election">2021 Legislative Council election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_pro-democracy_primaries" title="2020 Hong Kong pro-democracy primaries">pro-democracy primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_Legislative_Council_candidates%27_disqualification_controversy" title="2020 Hong Kong Legislative Council candidates' disqualification controversy">disqualification controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postponement_of_the_2020_Hong_Kong_legislative_election" title="Postponement of the 2020 Hong Kong legislative election">postponement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_Legislative_Council_mass_resignations" title="2020 Hong Kong Legislative Council mass resignations">mass resignations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_arrests_of_Hong_Kong_pro-democracy_primaries_participants" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 arrests of Hong Kong pro-democracy primaries participants">mass arrests</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Deaths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Chan_Yin-lam" title="Death of Chan Yin-lam">Chan Yin-lam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Chow_Tsz-lok" title="Death of Chow Tsz-lok">Chow Tsz-lok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Luo_Changqing" title="Death of Luo Changqing">Luo Changqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Leung_Ling-kit" title="Marco Leung Ling-kit">Marco Leung Ling-kit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;">Police misconduct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Police_misconduct_allegations_during_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Police misconduct allegations during the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">Allegations of police misconduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controversies_of_the_Hong_Kong_Police_Force#2019–2020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Controversies of the Hong Kong Police Force">Controversies of the Hong Kong Police Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Police_Complaints_Council" title="Independent Police Complaints Council">Independent Police Complaints Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Tactics_and_methods_surrounding_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Tactics and methods surrounding the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">Tactics and methods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Glory_to_Hong_Kong" title="Glory to Hong Kong">Glory to Hong Kong</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Do_You_Hear_the_People_Sing%3F" title="Do You Hear the People Sing?">Do You Hear the People Sing?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sing_Hallelujah_to_the_Lord" title="Sing Hallelujah to the Lord">Sing Hallelujah to the Lord</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/El_pueblo_unido_jam%C3%A1s_ser%C3%A1_vencido" title="El pueblo unido jamás será vencido">El pueblo unido jamás será vencido</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Bauhinia_flag" title="Black Bauhinia flag">Black Bauhinia flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Fawkes_mask" title="Guy Fawkes mask">Guy Fawkes mask</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady_Liberty_Hong_Kong" title="Lady Liberty Hong Kong">Lady Liberty Hong Kong</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepe_the_Frog" title="Pepe the Frog">Pepe the Frog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnie-the-Pooh" title="Winnie-the-Pooh">Winnie-the-Pooh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Art of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">Art and music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usage_of_social_media_in_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Usage of social media in the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">Social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boycotts_of_Chinese_products" title="Boycotts of Chinese products">Boycotts of Chinese products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HKmap.live" title="HKmap.live">HKmap.live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIHKG" title="LIHKG">LIHKG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lennon_Wall_(Hong_Kong)" title="Lennon Wall (Hong Kong)">Lennon Wall</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Liberate_Hong_Kong,_revolution_of_our_times" title="Liberate Hong Kong, revolution of our times">Liberate Hong Kong, revolution of our times</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liberate_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberate Hong Kong">Liberate Hong Kong</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spark_Alliance" title="Spark Alliance">Spark Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegram_(software)" title="Telegram (software)">Telegram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_economic_circle" title="Yellow economic circle">Yellow economic circle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="Reactions to the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">Reactions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_on_Face_Covering_Regulation" title="Prohibition on Face Covering Regulation">Prohibition on Face Covering Regulation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwok_Wing_Hang_and_others_v_Chief_Executive_in_Council_and_another" title="Kwok Wing Hang and others v Chief Executive in Council and another">judicial review</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Human_Rights_and_Democracy_Act" title="Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act">Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Be_Water_Act" title="Hong Kong Be Water Act">Hong Kong Be Water Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="2020 Hong Kong national security law">2020 Hong Kong national security law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress_decision_on_Hong_Kong_national_security_legislation" title="National People's Congress decision on Hong Kong national security legislation">NPCSC's decision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_effects_of_the_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Local effects of the Hong Kong national security law">local effects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_2020_Chinese_involvement_with_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="Responses to the 2020 Chinese involvement with Hong Kong national security law">international responses</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hong Kong Autonomy Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Economic_and_Trade_Office_Certification_Act" title="Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office Certification Act">Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office Certification Act</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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