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Level I BASIC - Wikipedia

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vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Level I BASIC</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Software_design" title="Software design">Designed&#160;by</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Steve Leininger</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First&#160;appeared</th><td class="infobox-data">1977</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">Influenced by</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Tiny_BASIC" title="Tiny BASIC">Tiny BASIC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Li-Chen_Wang" title="Li-Chen Wang">Palo Alto Tiny BASIC</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">Influenced</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/TRS-80_Level_II_BASIC" class="mw-redirect" title="TRS-80 Level II BASIC">TRS-80 Level II BASIC</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Level I BASIC</b> is a dialect of the <a href="/wiki/BASIC_programming_language" class="mw-redirect" title="BASIC programming language">BASIC programming language</a> that shipped with the first <a href="/wiki/TRS-80" title="TRS-80">TRS-80</a>, the TRS-80 Model I. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Level_I_BASIC&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tandy employee Steve Leininger had written the first draft of the <a href="/wiki/Tiny_BASIC" title="Tiny BASIC">NIBL (National Industrial Basic Language)</a> <a href="/wiki/BASIC_interpreter" title="BASIC interpreter">BASIC interpreter</a> for the <a href="/wiki/SC/MP" class="mw-redirect" title="SC/MP">SC/MP</a> while employed at <a href="/wiki/National_Semiconductor" title="National Semiconductor">National Semiconductor</a> .<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Unable to take that source code with him, he initially hired a consultant to write an <a href="/wiki/Interpreter_(computing)" title="Interpreter (computing)">interpreter</a>. When that contractor failed to deliver,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> he adapted <a href="/wiki/Li-Chen_Wang" title="Li-Chen Wang">Li-Chen Wang</a>'s public domain version of <a href="/wiki/Tiny_BASIC" title="Tiny BASIC">Tiny BASIC</a> for the original prototype of the TRS-80 Model I. This required only 2&#160;KB of memory for the <a href="/wiki/Interpreter_(computing)" title="Interpreter (computing)">interpreter</a>, leaving an average of another 2&#160;KB free for user programs in common 4&#160;KB memory layouts of early machines. </p><p>During a demonstration to executives, <a href="/wiki/Tandy_Corporation" title="Tandy Corporation">Tandy Corporation</a>'s then-President <a href="/wiki/Charles_Tandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Tandy">Charles Tandy</a> tried to enter his salary but was unable to do so. This was because Tiny BASIC used <a href="/wiki/Integer_(computer_science)#Common_short_integer_sizes" title="Integer (computer science)">2-byte signed integers</a> with a maximum value of 32,767. The result was a request for <a href="/wiki/Floating_point" class="mw-redirect" title="Floating point">floating-point</a> math for the production version.<sup id="cite_ref-pump_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pump-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>This led to the replacement of the existing 16-bit integer code with a version using 32-bit <a href="/wiki/Single_precision" class="mw-redirect" title="Single precision">single-precision</a> floating-point numbers. Leininger further extended the language to support input/output routines (keyboard, CRT, and reading and writing from cassettes). The language fit within 4&#160;KB of <a href="/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory">ROM</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a presentation announcing the TRS-80, Leininger said, "What we did, we went back through the Wang Basic and completely tore out about 60 per cent of it, the integer overhead and all that kind of stuff."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_Development">Further Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Level_I_BASIC&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Further Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the TRS-80 was introduced, three versions of BASIC were announced: </p> <ul><li>Level I BASIC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Level_II_BASIC" class="mw-redirect" title="Level II BASIC">Level II BASIC</a> - developed by <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> and using 12 KB of ROM to add <a href="/wiki/String_handling" class="mw-redirect" title="String handling">string handling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Error_handling" class="mw-redirect" title="Error handling">error handling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trigonometric" class="mw-redirect" title="Trigonometric">trigonometric</a> and other dedicated functions</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Level_III_BASIC" class="mw-redirect" title="Level III BASIC">Level III BASIC</a> - also developed by Microsoft, offering disk commands<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The Level I language was not available for the TRS-80 Model II but briefly re-surfaced as the baseline package for the TRS-80 Model III in 1981, selling for $699 compared to the $999 system with Model III BASIC (another Microsoft product). The language was identical to the Model I version but with the addition of two commands, the LLIST and the LPRINT, to output to a printer.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Language_features">Language features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Level_I_BASIC&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Language features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Level I BASIC supported the following keywords:<sup id="cite_ref-lien1977p232_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lien1977p232-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Commands: <code>NEW</code>, <code>RUN</code>, <code>LIST</code>, <code>CONT</code> (to continue or resume a program from a <a href="/wiki/Breakpoint" title="Breakpoint">breakpoint</a>)</li> <li>Statements: <code>PRINT</code>, <code>INPUT</code>, <code>READ</code>, <code>DATA</code>, <code>RESTORE</code>, <code>LET</code></li> <li>Print modifiers: <code>AT</code>, <code>TAB</code></li> <li>Structure: <code>GOTO</code>, <code>GOSUB</code>, <code>ON-GOTO</code>, <code>ON-GOSUB</code>, <code>RETURN</code>, <code>IF-THEN</code> (but no <code>ELSE</code>), <code>FOR-TO-STEP/NEXT</code>, <code>STOP</code>, <code>END</code></li> <li>Graphics: <code>CLS</code>, <code>SET</code>, <code>RESET</code>, <code>POINT()</code></li> <li>Functions: <code>ABS()</code>, <code>INT()</code>, <code>RND()</code>, <code>MEM</code></li> <li>Math: <code>+</code> <code>-</code> <code>*</code> <code>/</code></li> <li>Relational operators: <code>&lt;</code> <code>&gt;</code> <code>=</code> <code>&lt;=</code> <code>=&gt;</code> <code>&lt;&gt;</code></li> <li>Logical operators: <code>*</code> (AND) <code>+</code> (OR)</li></ul> <p>Like Palo Alto Tiny BASIC on which it was based, Level I BASIC did not <a href="/wiki/Tokenize" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokenize">tokenize</a> keywords like <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_BASIC" title="Microsoft BASIC">Microsoft BASIC</a> but used abbreviations to reduce the amount of memory used by keywords, such as <code>F.</code> for <code>FOR</code>, <code>G.</code> for <code>GOTO</code>, <code>P.</code> for <code>PRINT</code>, and <code>T.</code> for <code>THEN</code>. </p><p>The language supported 26 single-precision variables A to Z, two <a href="/wiki/String_(computer_science)" title="String (computer science)">strings</a> A$ and B$ (limited to 16 characters each), and one pre-defined <a href="/wiki/Array_data_type" class="mw-redirect" title="Array data type">array</a> A(). The language lacked a DIM statement for dimensioning the array, the size of which was determined by available memory not used by the program listing (4 bytes per item).<sup id="cite_ref-lien1977p123_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lien1977p123-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> As the language lacked many common math functions, the manual provided <a href="/wiki/Subroutine" class="mw-redirect" title="Subroutine">subroutine</a> listings for <a href="/wiki/Square_root" title="Square root">square root</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exponentiation" title="Exponentiation">exponentiation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exponential_function" title="Exponential function">exponentials</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logarithms" class="mw-redirect" title="Logarithms">logarithms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sign_(mathematics)" title="Sign (mathematics)">arithmetic sign</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Trigonometry" title="Trigonometry">trigonometry</a> functions.<sup id="cite_ref-lien1977p216_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lien1977p216-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Graphics support was as minimal a set as possible: <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">CLS</code>, for CLear Screen; <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">SET(X,Y)</code>, which lighted a location on the display; <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">RESET(X,Y)</code>, which turned it off; and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr">POINT(X,Y)</code>, which returned 1 if a location was lit, 0 if it was not. The coordinates could be any expression and ranged from 0 to 127 for the <a href="/wiki/X-axis" class="mw-redirect" title="X-axis">X-axis</a> and 0 to 47 for the <a href="/wiki/Y-axis" class="mw-redirect" title="Y-axis">Y-axis</a>. Only black-and-white display was supported.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Level_I_BASIC&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation journal cs1">"NIBL". <i><a href="/wiki/Dr._Dobb%27s_Journal" title="Dr. Dobb&#39;s Journal">Dr. Dobb's Journal of Computer Calisthenics &amp; Orthodontia, Running Light Without Overbyte</a></i>. <b>1</b> (10). November 1976.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Dr.+Dobb%27s+Journal+of+Computer+Calisthenics+%26+Orthodontia%2C+Running+Light+Without+Overbyte&amp;rft.atitle=NIBL&amp;rft.volume=1&amp;rft.issue=10&amp;rft.date=1976-11&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorenzo2017" class="citation book cs1">Lorenzo, Mark (2017). <i>Endless Loop: The History of the BASIC Programming Language</i>. Philadelphia: SE Books. p.&#160;80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1974-27707-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1974-27707-0"><bdi>978-1974-27707-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Endless+Loop%3A+The+History+of+the+BASIC+Programming+Language&amp;rft.place=Philadelphia&amp;rft.pages=80&amp;rft.pub=SE+Books&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-1974-27707-0&amp;rft.aulast=Lorenzo&amp;rft.aufirst=Mark&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pump-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pump_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWelshWelsh2007" class="citation book cs1">Welsh, David; Welsh, Theresa (2007). <i>Priming the Pump: How TRS-80 Enthusiasts Helped Spark the PC Revolution</i>. p.&#160;7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Priming+the+Pump%3A+How+TRS-80+Enthusiasts+Helped+Spark+the+PC+Revolution&amp;rft.pages=7&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.aulast=Welsh&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft.au=Welsh%2C+Theresa&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReed" class="citation web cs1">Reed, Matthew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trs-80.org/level-1-basic/">"Level I BASIC"</a>. <i>TRS-80.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=TRS-80.org&amp;rft.atitle=Level+I+BASIC&amp;rft.aulast=Reed&amp;rft.aufirst=Matthew&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trs-80.org%2Flevel-1-basic%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trs-80.com/wordpress/interview-with-steven-w-leininger/">"Interview with Steven W. Leininger"</a>. <i>TRS-80.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=TRS-80.com&amp;rft.atitle=Interview+with+Steven+W.+Leininger&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trs-80.com%2Fwordpress%2Finterview-with-steven-w-leininger%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas1977" class="citation journal cs1">Thomas, Wes (Sep–Oct 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/CreativeComputingv03n05SeptOct1977/Creative_Computing_v03n05_Sept_Oct_1977#page/n93/mode/2up">"Radio Shack's $600 Home Computer"</a>. <i>Creative Computing</i>. <b>3</b> (5): 94–95.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Creative+Computing&amp;rft.atitle=Radio+Shack%27s+%24600+Home+Computer&amp;rft.volume=3&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.pages=94-95&amp;rft.date=1977-09%2F1977-10&amp;rft.aulast=Thomas&amp;rft.aufirst=Wes&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FCreativeComputingv03n05SeptOct1977%2FCreative_Computing_v03n05_Sept_Oct_1977%23page%2Fn93%2Fmode%2F2up&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReed" class="citation web cs1">Reed, Matthew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trs-80.org/level1-model3/">"Was there a Level I Model III?"</a>. <i>TRS-80.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=TRS-80.org&amp;rft.atitle=Was+there+a+Level+I+Model+III%3F&amp;rft.aulast=Reed&amp;rft.aufirst=Matthew&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trs-80.org%2Flevel1-model3%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lien1977p232-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lien1977p232_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLien1977" class="citation book cs1">Lien, David (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/Level_1_Users_Manual_1977_David_Lien#page/n233/mode/1up"><i>User's Manual for Level I</i></a> (First&#160;ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Tandy Corporation. pp.&#160;232–233<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=User%27s+Manual+for+Level+I&amp;rft.place=Fort+Worth%2C+TX&amp;rft.pages=232-233&amp;rft.edition=First&amp;rft.pub=Tandy+Corporation&amp;rft.date=1977&amp;rft.aulast=Lien&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FLevel_1_Users_Manual_1977_David_Lien%23page%2Fn233%2Fmode%2F1up&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lien1977p123-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lien1977p123_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLien1977" class="citation book cs1">Lien, David (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/Level_1_Users_Manual_1977_David_Lien#page/n124/mode/1up"><i>User's Manual for Level I</i></a> (First&#160;ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Tandy Corporation. pp.&#160;123–132<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=User%27s+Manual+for+Level+I&amp;rft.place=Fort+Worth%2C+TX&amp;rft.pages=123-132&amp;rft.edition=First&amp;rft.pub=Tandy+Corporation&amp;rft.date=1977&amp;rft.aulast=Lien&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FLevel_1_Users_Manual_1977_David_Lien%23page%2Fn124%2Fmode%2F1up&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lien1977p216-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lien1977p216_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLien1977" class="citation book cs1">Lien, David (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/Level_1_Users_Manual_1977_David_Lien#page/n217/mode/1up"><i>User's Manual for Level I</i></a> (First&#160;ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Tandy Corporation. pp.&#160;216–220<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=User%27s+Manual+for+Level+I&amp;rft.place=Fort+Worth%2C+TX&amp;rft.pages=216-220&amp;rft.edition=First&amp;rft.pub=Tandy+Corporation&amp;rft.date=1977&amp;rft.aulast=Lien&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FLevel_1_Users_Manual_1977_David_Lien%23page%2Fn217%2Fmode%2F1up&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLien1977" class="citation book cs1">Lien, David (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/Level_1_Users_Manual_1977_David_Lien#page/n233/mode/1up"><i>User's Manual for Level I</i></a> (First&#160;ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Tandy Corporation. pp.&#160;105–108, 137<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=User%27s+Manual+for+Level+I&amp;rft.place=Fort+Worth%2C+TX&amp;rft.pages=105-108%2C+137&amp;rft.edition=First&amp;rft.pub=Tandy+Corporation&amp;rft.date=1977&amp;rft.aulast=Lien&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FLevel_1_Users_Manual_1977_David_Lien%23page%2Fn233%2Fmode%2F1up&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALevel+I+BASIC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Level_I_BASIC&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vavasour.ca/jeff/level1/simulator.html">TRS-80 Level I BASIC Simulator</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.conklinsystems.com/retro/trsman.shtml">Conklin Systems - He Changed Our World</a> - tribute to the Level I BASIC user manual's personification of the computer</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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aria-labelledby="Dialects_of_the_BASIC_programming_language_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BASIC" title="Template:BASIC"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BASIC" title="Template talk:BASIC"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BASIC" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BASIC"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dialects_of_the_BASIC_programming_language_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Dialects of the <a href="/wiki/BASIC" title="BASIC">BASIC</a> programming language (<a href="/wiki/List_of_BASIC_dialects" title="List of BASIC dialects">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_BASIC" title="Microsoft BASIC">Microsoft BASIC</a></li> <li>TRS-80 BASICs (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Level I</a>, <a href="/wiki/TRS-80_Level_II_BASIC" class="mw-redirect" title="TRS-80 Level II BASIC">Level II/III</a>)</li> <li>Thomson <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Basic_1.0" title="Microsoft Basic 1.0">BASIC 1.0</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TI-BASIC" title="TI-BASIC">TI-BASIC (calculators)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI_Extended_BASIC" class="mw-redirect" title="TI Extended BASIC">TI Extended BASIC</a> (aka XBasic)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI-BASIC_83" title="TI-BASIC 83">TI-BASIC 83</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_Time-Shared_BASIC" title="HP Time-Shared BASIC">HP Time-Shared BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_BASIC" title="Rocky Mountain BASIC">Rocky Mountain BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Time-Shared_BASIC" title="HP Time-Shared BASIC">HP Basic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Locomotive_Software" title="Locomotive Software">Locomotive Software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Locomotive_BASIC" title="Locomotive BASIC">Locomotive BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallard_BASIC" title="Mallard BASIC">Mallard BASIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microcomputer" title="Microcomputer">Microcomputers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atom_BASIC" class="mw-redirect" title="Atom BASIC">Atom BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integer_BASIC" title="Integer BASIC">Integer BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Star_BASIC" title="North Star BASIC">North Star BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCELBAL" title="SCELBAL">SCELBAL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minicomputer" title="Minicomputer">Minicomputers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BASIC-11" title="BASIC-11">BASIC-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_Basic" title="Business Basic">Business Basic</a> (<a href="/wiki/B32_Business_Basic" title="B32 Business Basic">B32</a>, <a href="/wiki/Data_General_Business_Basic" title="Data General Business Basic">Data General</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_General_Extended_BASIC" title="Data General Extended BASIC">Data General Extended BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southampton_BASIC_System" title="Southampton BASIC System">Southampton BASIC System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_BASIC" title="Wang BASIC">Wang BASIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Time-sharing" title="Time-sharing">Time-sharing</a> computers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BASIC-PLUS" title="BASIC-PLUS">BASIC-PLUS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extra!_Basic_Macro_Language&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Extra! Basic Macro Language (page does not exist)">Extra! Basic Macro Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSI_BASIC_for_OpenVMS" title="VSI BASIC for OpenVMS">VSI BASIC for OpenVMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUPER_BASIC" title="SUPER BASIC">SUPER BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CALL/360:BASIC" title="CALL/360:BASIC">CALL/360:BASIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlphaBasic" title="AlphaBasic">AlphaBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astro_BASIC" class="mw-redirect" title="Astro BASIC">Astro BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BASICODE" title="BASICODE">BASICODE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_application_language" title="Business application language">BAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casio_BASIC" title="Casio BASIC">Casio BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBASIC" title="CBASIC">CBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PBASIC" title="PBASIC">PBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SDS_BASIC" title="SDS BASIC">SDS BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiny_BASIC" title="Tiny BASIC">Tiny BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UBASIC" title="UBASIC">UBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZBasic" title="ZBasic">ZBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ETBASIC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ETBASIC (page does not exist)">ETBASIC</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;">&#160;&#91;<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ETBASIC" class="extiw" title="zh:ETBASIC">zh</a>&#93;</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/BASIC_extension" title="BASIC extension">Extenders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BASIC_8" title="BASIC 8">BASIC 8</a></li> <li>Graphics BASIC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simons%27_BASIC" title="Simons&#39; BASIC">Simons' BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Expander" title="Super Expander">Super Expander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Expander_64" title="Super Expander 64">Super Expander 64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YS_MegaBasic" title="YS MegaBasic">YS MegaBasic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Procedural_programming" title="Procedural programming">Procedure</a>-<br />oriented</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AmigaBASIC" class="mw-redirect" title="AmigaBASIC">AmigaBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMOS_(programming_language)" title="AMOS (programming language)">AMOS BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASIC_programming_language" title="ASIC programming language">ASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BasicX" title="BasicX">BasicX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_BASIC" title="Beta BASIC">Beta BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FutureBASIC" title="FutureBASIC">FutureBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRASS_(programming_language)" title="GRASS (programming language)">GRASS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_BASIC" title="Liberty BASIC">Liberty BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSE_(programming_language)" title="LSE (programming language)">LSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MapBasic" title="MapBasic">MapBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_BASIC" title="Mobile BASIC">Mobile BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OWBasic" title="OWBasic">OWBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerBASIC" title="PowerBASIC">PowerBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PureBasic" title="PureBasic">PureBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Computer" title="Petit Computer">SmileBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger-BASIC" title="Tiger-BASIC">Tiger-BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_BASIC" title="True BASIC">True BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbo_Basic" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbo Basic">Turbo Basic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WordBASIC" title="WordBASIC">WordBASIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Free_and_open_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Free and open source">Free and<br />open source</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basic-256" title="Basic-256">Basic-256</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic4GL" title="Basic4GL">Basic4GL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_BASIC#Acorn_Archimedes_(RISC_OS)" title="BBC BASIC">BBC BASIC V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Game_Creators" title="The Game Creators">DarkBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphoria_(programming_language)" title="Euphoria (programming language)">Euphoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindawi_Programming_System" title="Hindawi Programming System">Indic BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Programming_Language" title="Open Programming Language">Open Programming Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SdlBasic" title="SdlBasic">SdlBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SmallBASIC" title="SmallBASIC">SmallBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QB64" title="QB64">QB64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WxBasic" title="WxBasic">wxBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XBasic" title="XBasic">XBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XBLite" title="XBLite">Xblite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yabasic" title="Yabasic">Yabasic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">With <a href="/wiki/Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">object</a><br />extensions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AutoIt" title="AutoIt">AutoIt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipmunk_Basic" title="Chipmunk Basic">Chipmunk Basic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GLBasic" title="GLBasic">GLBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LotusScript" title="LotusScript">LotusScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morfik" title="Morfik">Morfik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerBASIC" title="PowerBASIC">PowerBASIC</a></li> <li>ProvideX</li> <li>Run BASIC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_for_Applications" title="Visual Basic for Applications">VBA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBScript" title="VBScript">VBScript</a></li> <li>VB 5 for <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Excel" title="Microsoft Excel">Microsoft Excel</a> 5.0 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_Tools_for_Office" title="Visual Studio Tools for Office">VSTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_Tools_for_Applications" title="Visual Studio Tools for Applications">VSTA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embedded_Visual_Basic" title="Embedded Visual Basic">Embedded Visual Basic</a></li> <li>WinWrap Basic</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Free_and_open_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Free and open source">Free and<br />open source</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blitz_BASIC" title="Blitz BASIC">BlitzMax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeBASIC" title="FreeBASIC">FreeBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Small_Basic" title="Microsoft Small Basic">Microsoft Small Basic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_(software)" title="Mono (software)">Mono-Basic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenOffice_Basic" title="OpenOffice Basic">OpenOffice Basic</a></li> <li>ScriptBasic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roslyn_(compiler)" title="Roslyn (compiler)">Roslyn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rapid_application_development" title="Rapid application development">RAD</a><br /><a href="/wiki/GUI_designer" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI designer">designers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CA-Realizer" title="CA-Realizer">CA-Realizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_(classic)" title="Visual Basic (classic)">Visual Basic (classic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NS_Basic" title="NS Basic">NS Basic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RapidQ" title="RapidQ">RapidQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_(.NET)" title="Visual Basic (.NET)">Visual Basic .NET</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mercury_(RemObjects_BASIC_programming_language)" title="Mercury (RemObjects BASIC programming language)">Mercury</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xojo" title="Xojo">Xojo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Free_and_open_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Free and open source">Free and<br />open source</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>B4X (<a href="/wiki/Basic4android" title="Basic4android">Basic4android</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basic4ppc" title="Basic4ppc">Basic4ppc</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambas" title="Gambas">Gambas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeBASIC" title="FreeBASIC">WinFBE, Visual FB Editor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altair_BASIC" title="Altair BASIC">Altair BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applesoft_BASIC" title="Applesoft BASIC">Applesoft BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_BASIC" title="Atari BASIC">Atari BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Microsoft_BASIC" title="Atari Microsoft BASIC">Atari Microsoft BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_ST_BASIC" title="Atari ST BASIC">Atari ST BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BASIC_A%2B" title="BASIC A+">BASIC A+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optimized_Systems_Software#BASIC_XE" title="Optimized Systems Software">BASIC XE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optimized_Systems_Software#BASIC_XL" title="Optimized Systems Software">BASIC XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BASIC_Programming" title="BASIC Programming"><i>BASIC Programming</i> (Atari 2600)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_BASIC" title="BBC BASIC">BBC BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_Harbor_BASIC" title="Benton Harbor BASIC">Benton Harbor BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_BASIC" title="Chinese BASIC">Chinese BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_BASIC" title="Commodore BASIC">Commodore BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_BASIC" title="Color BASIC">Color BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_BASIC" title="Dartmouth BASIC">Dartmouth BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disk_Extended_Color_BASIC" title="Disk Extended Color BASIC">Disk Extended Color BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Color_BASIC" title="Extended Color BASIC">Extended Color BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_BASIC" title="Family BASIC">Family BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GFA_BASIC" title="GFA BASIC">GFA BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GW-BASIC" title="GW-BASIC">GW-BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_BASIC" title="IBM BASIC">IBM BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JR-BASIC" title="JR-BASIC">JR-BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacBASIC" title="MacBASIC">MacBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBASIC" title="MBASIC">MBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSX_BASIC" title="MSX BASIC">MSX BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MS_BASIC_for_Macintosh" title="MS BASIC for Macintosh">MS BASIC for Macintosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QBasic" title="QBasic">QBasic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickBASIC" title="QuickBASIC">QuickBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-BASIC" title="S-BASIC">S-BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_BASIC" title="Sinclair BASIC">Sinclair BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STOS_BASIC" title="STOS BASIC">STOS BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperBASIC" title="SuperBASIC">SuperBASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TI_BASIC_(TI_99/4A)" title="TI BASIC (TI 99/4A)">TI BASIC (TI 99/4A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbo-BASIC_XL" title="Turbo-BASIC XL">Turbo-BASIC XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilnius_BASIC" title="Vilnius BASIC">Vilnius BASIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.canary‐6c7c648d79‐4mgnp Cached time: 20241113151452 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.309 seconds Real time usage: 0.482 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1357/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 64349/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 447/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 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