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Damilola Olanipekun</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Wahid Damilola Olanipekun"> <meta name="keywords" content="Wahid Damilola Olanipekun"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Wahid Damilola Olanipekun"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 45</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Wahid Damilola Olanipekun</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Corporate Governance and Firms` Performance: Evidence from Quoted Firms on the Nigerian Stock Exchange</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ogunwole%20Cecilia%20Oluwakemi">Ogunwole Cecilia Oluwakemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wahid%20Damilola%20Olanipekun"> Wahid Damilola Olanipekun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omoyele%20Olufemi%20Samuel"> Omoyele Olufemi Samuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timothy%20Ayomitunde%20Aderemi"> Timothy Ayomitunde Aderemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The issues relating to corporate governance in both locally and internationally managed firms cannot be overemphasized because the lack of efficient corporate governance could orchestrate serious problems in any organization. Against this backdrop, this study examines the nexus between corporate governance and performance of firms from 2012 to 2020, using the case study of the Nigerian stock exchange. Consequently, data was collected from forty (40) listed firms on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The study employed a fixed effect technique of estimation to address the objective of the study. It was discovered from the study that the influence of corporate governance components such as gender diversity, board independence and managerial ownership led to a significant positive impact on the performance of the firms under the investigation. In view of the above finding, this study makes the following recommendations for the policymakers in Nigeria that anytime the goal of the policymakers is the improvement of performance of the listed firms in the Nigerian stock exchange, board independence and a balance in the inclusion of male and female among the board of directors should be encouraged in these firms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate" title="corporate">corporate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firms" title=" firms"> firms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock" title=" stock"> stock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange" title=" exchange"> exchange</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145199/corporate-governance-and-firms-performance-evidence-from-quoted-firms-on-the-nigerian-stock-exchange" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Application of Envelope Spectrum Analysis and Spectral Kurtosis to Diagnose Debris Fault in Bearing Using Acoustic Signals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henry%20Ogbemudia%20Omoregbee">Henry Ogbemudia Omoregbee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mabel%20Usunobun%20Olanipekun"> Mabel Usunobun Olanipekun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Debris fault diagnosis based on acoustic signals in rolling element bearing running at low speed and high radial loads are more of low amplitudes, particularly in the case of debris faults whose signals necessitate high sensitivity analyses. As the rollers in the bearing roll over debris trapped in grease used to lubricate the bearings, the envelope signal created by amplitude demodulation carries additional diagnostic information that is not available through ordinary spectrum analysis of the raw signal. The kurtosis value obtained for three different scenarios (debris induced, outer crack induced, and a normal good bearing) couldn't be used to easily identify whether the used bearings were defective or not. It was established in this work that the envelope spectrum analysis detected the fault signature and its harmonics induced in the debris bearings when bandpass filtering of the raw signal with the frequency band specified by kurtogram and spectral kurtosis was made. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolling%20bearings" title="rolling bearings">rolling bearings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolling%20element%20bearing%20noise" title=" rolling element bearing noise"> rolling element bearing noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bandpass%20filtering" title=" bandpass filtering"> bandpass filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonics" title=" harmonics"> harmonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=envelope%20spectrum%20analysis" title=" envelope spectrum analysis"> envelope spectrum analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20kurtosis" title=" spectral kurtosis"> spectral kurtosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169008/application-of-envelope-spectrum-analysis-and-spectral-kurtosis-to-diagnose-debris-fault-in-bearing-using-acoustic-signals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> A Comparative and Critical Analysis of Some Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishtiaq%20Wahid">Ishtiaq Wahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masood%20Ahmad"> Masood Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nighat%20Ayub"> Nighat Ayub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajad%20Ali"> Sajad Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lifetime of a wireless sensor network (WSN) is directly proportional to the energy consumption of its constituent nodes. Routing in wireless sensor network is very challenging due its inherit characteristics. In hierarchal routing the sensor ﬁled is divided into clusters. The cluster-heads are selected from each cluster, which forms a hierarchy of nodes. The cluster-heads are used to transmit the data to the base station while other nodes perform the sensing task. In this way the lifetime of the network is increased. In this paper a comparative study of hierarchal routing protocols are conducted. The simulation is done in NS-2 for validation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WSN" title="WSN">WSN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cluster" title=" cluster"> cluster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing" title=" routing"> routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20networks" title=" sensor networks"> sensor networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41484/a-comparative-and-critical-analysis-of-some-routing-protocols-in-wireless-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">479</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Investigation of the Stability of the F* Iterative Algorithm on Strong Peudocontractive Mappings and Its Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felix%20Damilola%20Ajibade">Felix Damilola Ajibade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Opeyemi%20O.%20Enoch"> Opeyemi O. Enoch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taiwo%20Paul%20Fajusigbe"> Taiwo Paul Fajusigbe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is centered on conducting an inquiry into the stability of the F* iterative algorithm to the fixed point of a strongly pseudo-contractive mapping in the framework of uniformly convex Banach spaces. To achieve the desired result, certain existing inequalities in convex Banach spaces were utilized, as well as the stability criteria of Harder and Hicks. Other necessary conditions for the stability of the F* algorithm on strong pseudo-contractive mapping were also obtained. Through a numerical approach, we prove that the F* iterative algorithm is H-stable for strongly pseudo-contractive mapping. Finally, the solution of the mixed-type Volterra-Fredholm functional non-linear integral equation is estimated using our results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title="stability">stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F%2A%20-iterative%20algorithm" title=" F* -iterative algorithm"> F* -iterative algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudo-contractive%20mappings" title=" pseudo-contractive mappings"> pseudo-contractive mappings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniformly%20convex%20Banach%20space" title=" uniformly convex Banach space"> uniformly convex Banach space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed-type%20Volterra-Fredholm%20integral%20equation" title=" mixed-type Volterra-Fredholm integral equation"> mixed-type Volterra-Fredholm integral equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167503/investigation-of-the-stability-of-the-f-iterative-algorithm-on-strong-peudocontractive-mappings-and-its-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> The Unsteady Non-Equilibrium Distribution Function and Exact Equilibrium Time for a Dilute Gas Affected by Thermal Radiation Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taha%20Zakaraia%20Abdel%20Wahid">Taha Zakaraia Abdel Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The behavior of the unsteady non-equilibrium distribution function for a dilute gas under the effect of non-linear thermal radiation field is presented. For the best of our knowledge this is done for the first time at all. The distinction and comparisons between the unsteady perturbed and the unsteady equilibrium velocity distribution functions are illustrated. The equilibrium time for the dilute gas is determined for the first time. The non-equilibrium thermodynamic properties of the system (gas+the heated plate) are investigated. The results are applied to the Argon gas, for various values of radiation field intensity. 3D-Graphics illustrating the calculated variables are drawn to predict their behavior. The results are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilute%20gas" title="dilute gas">dilute gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20field" title=" radiation field"> radiation field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exact%20solutions" title=" exact solutions"> exact solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travelling%20wave%20method" title=" travelling wave method"> travelling wave method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20BGK%20model" title=" unsteady BGK model"> unsteady BGK model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irreversible%20thermodynamics" title=" irreversible thermodynamics"> irreversible thermodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20non-equilibrium%20distribution%20functions" title=" unsteady non-equilibrium distribution functions"> unsteady non-equilibrium distribution functions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10132/the-unsteady-non-equilibrium-distribution-function-and-exact-equilibrium-time-for-a-dilute-gas-affected-by-thermal-radiation-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10132.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Effect of Different Processing Methods on the Quality Attributes of Pigeon Pea Used in Bread Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20F.%20Olanipekun">B. F. Olanipekun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20J.%20Oyelade"> O. J. Oyelade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20O.%20Osemobor"> C. O. Osemobor </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pigeon pea is a very good source of protein and micronutrient, but it is being underutilized in Nigeria because of several constraints. This research considered the effect of different processing methods on the quality attributes of pigeon pea used in bread production towards enhancing its utility. Pigeon pea was obtained at a local market and processed into the flour using three processing methods: soaking, sprouting and roasting and were used to bake bread in different proportions. Chemical composition and sensory attributes of the breads were thereafter determined. The highest values of protein and ash contents were obtained from 20 % substitution of sprouted pigeon pea in wheat flour and may be attributable to complex biochemical changes occurring during hydration, to invariably lead to protein constituent being broken down. Hydrolytic activities of the enzymes from the sprouted sample resulted in improvement in the constituent of total protein probably due to reduction in the carbohydrate content. Sensory qualities analyses showed that bread produced with soaked and roasted pigeon pea flours at 5 and 10% inclusion, respectively were mostly accepted than other blends, and products with sprouted pigeon pea flour were least accepted. The findings of this research suggest that supplementing wheat flour with sprouted pigeon peas have more nutritional potentials. However, with sensory analysis indices, the soaked and roasted pigeon peas up to 10% are majorly accepted, and also can improve the nutritional status. Overall, this will be very beneficial to population dependent on plant protein in order to combat malnutrition problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pigeon%20pea" title="pigeon pea">pigeon pea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processing" title=" processing"> processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malnutrition" title=" malnutrition"> malnutrition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72199/effect-of-different-processing-methods-on-the-quality-attributes-of-pigeon-pea-used-in-bread-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Forensic Challenges in Source Device Identification for Digital Videos</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Aminu%20Bagiwa">Mustapha Aminu Bagiwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ainuddin%20Wahid%20Abdul%20Wahab"> Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yamani%20Idna%20Idris"> Mohd Yamani Idna Idris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suleman%20Khan"> Suleman Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Video source device identification has become a problem of concern in numerous domains especially in multimedia security and digital investigation. This is because videos are now used as evidence in legal proceedings. Source device identification aim at identifying the source of digital devices using the content they produced. However, due to affordable processing tools and the influx in digital content generating devices, source device identification is still a major problem within the digital forensic community. In this paper, we discuss source device identification for digital videos by identifying techniques that were proposed in the literature for model or specific device identification. This is aimed at identifying salient open challenges for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20forgery" title="video forgery">video forgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20camcorder" title=" source camcorder"> source camcorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=device%20identification" title=" device identification"> device identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forgery%20detection" title=" forgery detection "> forgery detection </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21641/forensic-challenges-in-source-device-identification-for-digital-videos" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">631</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Sectoral Energy Consumption in South Africa and Its Implication for Economic Growth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kehinde%20Damilola%20Ilesanmi">Kehinde Damilola Ilesanmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dev%20Datt%20Tewari"> Dev Datt Tewari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> South Africa is in its post-industrial era moving from the primary and secondary sector to the tertiary sector. The study investigated the impact of the disaggregated energy consumption (coal, oil, and electricity) on the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors of the economy between 1980 and 2012 in South Africa. Using vector error correction model, it was established that South Africa is an energy dependent economy, and that energy (especially electricity and oil) is a limiting factor of growth. This implies that implementation of energy conservation policies may hamper economic growth. Output growth is significantly outpacing energy supply, which has necessitated load shedding. To meet up the excess energy demand, there is a need to increase the generating capacity which will necessitate increased investment in the electricity sector as well as strategic steps to increase oil production. There is also need to explore more renewable energy sources, in order to meet the growing energy demand without compromising growth and environmental sustainability. Policy makers should also pursue energy efficiency policies especially at sectoral level of the economy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=causality" title="causality">causality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title=" economic growth"> economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20consumption" title=" energy consumption"> energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypothesis" title=" hypothesis"> hypothesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sectoral%20output" title=" sectoral output"> sectoral output</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36529/sectoral-energy-consumption-in-south-africa-and-its-implication-for-economic-growth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36529.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Growth Pattern and Condition Factor of Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon galilaeus in Epe Lagoon, Lagos State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Bolaji%20Alarape">Ahmed Bolaji Alarape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oluwatobi%20Damilola%20Aba"> Oluwatobi Damilola Aba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growth pattern of Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon galilaeus in Epe Lagoon Lagos State was investigated. One hundred (100) samples of each species were collected from fishermen at the landing site. They were transported to the Fisheries Laboratory of National Institute of Oceanography for identification, sexing morphometric measurement. The results showed that 58.0% and 56.0 % of the O.niloticus and S.galilaeus were female respectively while 42.0% and 44.0% were male respectively. The length-weight relationship of O.niloticus showed a strong regression coefficient (r = 0.944) (p<0.05) for the combined sex, (r =0.901) (p<0.05) for female and (r=0.985) (p<.05) for male with b-value of 2.5, 3.1 and 2.8 respectively. The S.galilaeus also showed a regression coefficient of r=0.970; p<0.05 for the combined sex, r=0.953; p<0.05 for the female and r= 0.979; p<0.05 for the male with b-value of 3.4, 3.1 and 3.6 respectively. O.niloticus showed an isometric growth pattern both in male and female. The condition factor in O.niloticus are 1.93 and 1.95 for male and female respectively while that of S.galilaeus is 1.95 for both sexes. Positive allometric was observed in both species except the male O.niloticus that showed negative allometric growth pattern. From the results of this study, the growth pattern of the two species indicated a good healthy environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Epe%20Lagoon" title="Epe Lagoon">Epe Lagoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=length-weight%20relationship" title=" length-weight relationship"> length-weight relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20niloticus" title=" Oreochromis niloticus"> Oreochromis niloticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarotherodon%20galilaeus" title=" Sarotherodon galilaeus"> Sarotherodon galilaeus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94857/growth-pattern-and-condition-factor-of-oreochromis-niloticus-and-sarotherodon-galilaeus-in-epe-lagoon-lagos-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> The Behavior of Unsteady Non-Equilibrium Distribution Function and Exact Equilibrium Time for a Dilute Gas Mixture Affected by Thermal Radiation Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taha%20Zakaraia%20Abdel%20Wahid">Taha Zakaraia Abdel Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, a development of the papers is introduced. The behavior of the unsteady non-equilibrium distribution functions for a rarefied gas mixture under the effect of non-linear thermal radiation field is presented. For the best of our knowledge this is done for the first time at all. The distinction and comparisons between the unsteady perturbed and the unsteady equilibrium velocity distribution functions are illustrated. The equilibrium time for the rarefied gas mixture is determined for the first time. The non-equilibrium thermodynamic properties of the system is investigated. The results are applied to the Argon-Neon binary gas mixture, for various values of both of molar fraction parameters and radiation field intensity. 3D-Graphics illustrating the calculated variables are drawn to predict their behavior and the results are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20field" title="radiation field">radiation field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20gas%20mixture" title=" binary gas mixture"> binary gas mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exact%20solutions" title=" exact solutions"> exact solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travelling%20wave%20method" title=" travelling wave method"> travelling wave method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20BGK%20model" title=" unsteady BGK model"> unsteady BGK model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irreversible%20thermodynamics" title=" irreversible thermodynamics"> irreversible thermodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10477/the-behavior-of-unsteady-non-equilibrium-distribution-function-and-exact-equilibrium-time-for-a-dilute-gas-mixture-affected-by-thermal-radiation-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10477.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Risk Factors for Significant Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury in a District General Hospital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Wahid%20Uddin">A. Wahid Uddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obstetric anal sphincter injury carries significant morbidity for a woman and affects the quality of life to the extent of permanent damage to anal sphincter musculature. The study was undertaken in a district general hospital by retrospectively reviewing random 63 case notes of patients diagnosed with a significant third or fourth-degree perineal tear admitted between the year of 2015 to 2018. The observations were collected by a pre-designed questionnaire. All variables were expressed as percentages. The major risk factors noted were nulliparity (37%), instrumental delivery (25%), and birth weight of more than 4 kg (14%). Forceps delivery with or without episiotomy was the major contributing factor (75%). In the majority of the cases (71%), no record of any perineal protection measures undertaken. The study concluded that recommended perineal protection measures should be adopted as a routine practise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forceps" title="forceps">forceps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstetrics" title=" obstetrics"> obstetrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perineal" title=" perineal"> perineal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sphincter" title=" sphincter"> sphincter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137371/risk-factors-for-significant-obstetric-anal-sphincter-injury-in-a-district-general-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Production of Biodiesel Using Tannery Fleshing as a Feedstock via Solid-State Fermentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Santhana%20Krishnan">C. Santhana Krishnan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Mimi%20Sakinah"> A. M. Mimi Sakinah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhveer%20Singh"> Lakhveer Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zularisam%20A.%20Wahid"> Zularisam A. Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was initiated to evaluate and optimize the conversion of animal fat from tannery wastes into methyl ester. In the pre-treatment stage, animal fats feedstock was hydrolysed and esterified through solid state fermentation (SSF) using <em>Microbacterium</em> species immobilized onto sand silica matrix. After 72 hours of fermentation, predominant esters in the animal fats were found to be with 83.9% conversion rate. Later, esterified animal fats were transesterified at 3 hour reaction time with 1% NaOH (w/v %), 6% methanol to oil ratio (w/v %) to produce 89% conversion rate. C<sub>13 </sub>NMR revealed long carbon chain in fatty acid methyl esters at 22.2817-31.9727 ppm. Methyl esters of palmitic, stearic, oleic represented the major components in biodiesel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tannery%20wastes" title="tannery wastes">tannery wastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatty%20animal%20fleshing" title=" fatty animal fleshing"> fatty animal fleshing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trans-esterification" title=" trans-esterification"> trans-esterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilization" title=" immobilization"> immobilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20state%20fermentation" title=" solid state fermentation"> solid state fermentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45958/production-of-biodiesel-using-tannery-fleshing-as-a-feedstock-via-solid-state-fermentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Preparation of 3D Graphene with Microwave-Hydrothermal Assistance for Ultrahigh Performance of Capacitive Deionization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wahid%20Dianbudiyanto">Wahid Dianbudiyanto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shou%20Heng%20Liu"> Shou Heng Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a prospective desalination technology, which can be operated at low voltage, low temperature and potentially consume low energy for brackish water desalination. To obtain the optimal electrosorption, an electrode should possess high electrical conductivity, large surface area, good wettability, highly mesoporous structure which provide efficient pathways for ion distribution. In this work, a 3D structure graphene was fabricated using hydrothermal method which is assisted with microwave treatments to form 3D rGO (3DG-Mw-Hyd). The prepared samples have excellent specific capacitance (189.2 F / g) and ultrahigh electrosorption capacity (30 mg/g) for the desalination of 500 mg / l NaCl. These results are superior to the electrode which is fabricated only using the hydrothermal method without microwave assistance (3DG-Hyd) and traditional reflux method. Physical characterizations such as SEM, TEM, and XRD have been used to study the property difference of the materials. The preliminary results show that 3DG-Mw-Hyd is one of the promising electrodes for CDI in the practical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacitive%20deionization" title="capacitive deionization">capacitive deionization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title=" graphene"> graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave" title=" microwave"> microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrothermal" title=" hydrothermal"> hydrothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrosorption" title=" electrosorption"> electrosorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70957/preparation-of-3d-graphene-with-microwave-hydrothermal-assistance-for-ultrahigh-performance-of-capacitive-deionization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Use among Mauritian Adolescents: Analysis of 2017 WHO Global School-Based Student Health Survey </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iyanujesu%20Adereti">Iyanujesu Adereti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tajudeen%20Basiru"> Tajudeen Basiru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayodamola%20Olanipekun"> Ayodamola Olanipekun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Substance abuse among adolescents is of public health concern globally. Despite being the most abused by adolescents, there are limited studies on the prevalence of alcohol use and cigarette smoking among adolescents in Mauritius. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking, alcohol use and associated correlates among school-going adolescents in Mauritius. Methodology: Data obtained from 2017 WHO Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) survey of 3,012 school-going adolescents in Mauritius was analyzed using STATA. Descriptive statistics were used to obtain prevalence. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictors of cigarette smoking and alcohol use. Results: Prevalence of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking were 26.0% and 17.1%, respectively. Smoking and alcohol use was more prevalent among males, younger adolescents, and those in higher school grades (p-value <.000). In multivariable logistic regression, male gender was associated with a higher risk of cigarette smoking (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) [95%Confidence Interval (CI)]= 1.51[1.06-2.14]) but lower risk of alcohol use (aOR[95%CI]= 0.69[0.53-0.90]) while older age (mid and late adolescence) and parental smoking were found to be associated with increased risk of alcohol use (aOR[95%CI]= 1.94[1.34-2.99] and 1.36[1.05-1.78] respectively). Marijuana use, truancy, being in a fight and suicide ideation were associated with increased odds of alcohol use (aOR[95%CI]= 3.82[3.39-6.09]; 2.15[1.62-2.87]; 1.83[1.34-2.49] and 1.93[1.38-2.69] respectively) and cigarette smoking (aOR[95%CI]= 17.28[10.4 - 28.51]; 1.73[1.21-2. 49]; 1.67[1.14-2.45] and 2.17[1.43-3.28] respectively) while involvement in sexual activity was associated with reduced risk of alcohol use (aOR[95%CI]= 0.50[0.37-0.68]) and cigarette smoking (aOR[95%CI]= 0.47[0.33-0.69]). Parental support and parental monitoring were uniquely associated with lower risk of cigarette smoking (aOR[95%CI]= 0.69[0.47-0.99] and 0.62[0.43-0.91] respectively). Conclusion: The high prevalence of alcohol use and cigarette smoking in this study shows the need for the government of Mauritius to enhance policies that will help address this issue putting into accounts the various risk and protective factors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent%20health" title="adolescent health">adolescent health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20use" title=" alcohol use"> alcohol use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cigarette%20smoking" title=" cigarette smoking"> cigarette smoking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20school-based%20student%20health%20survey" title=" global school-based student health survey"> global school-based student health survey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135757/cigarette-smoking-and-alcohol-use-among-mauritian-adolescents-analysis-of-2017-who-global-school-based-student-health-survey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> A Memetic Algorithm Approach to Clustering in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masood%20Ahmad">Masood Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ataul%20Aziz%20Ikram"> Ataul Aziz Ikram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishtiaq%20Wahid"> Ishtiaq Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wireless sensor network (WSN) is the interconnection of mobile wireless nodes with limited energy and memory. These networks can be deployed formany critical applications like military operations, rescue management, ﬁre detection and so on. In ﬂat routing structure, every node plays an equal role of sensor and router. The topology may change very frequently due to the mobile nature of nodes in WSNs. The topology maintenance may produce more overhead messages. To avoid topology maintenance overhead messages, an optimized cluster based mobile wireless sensor network using memetic algorithm is proposed in this paper. The nodes in this network are ﬁrst divided into clusters. The cluster leaders then transmit data to that base station. The network is validated through extensive simulation study. The results show that the proposed technique has superior results compared to existing techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WSN" title="WSN">WSN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing" title=" routing"> routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cluster%20based" title=" cluster based"> cluster based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meme" title=" meme"> meme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memetic%20algorithm" title=" memetic algorithm"> memetic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40504/a-memetic-algorithm-approach-to-clustering-in-mobile-wireless-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Social Media and Student-Teacher Relationship: A Case Study Form Kashmir University</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wahid%20Ahmad%20Dar">Wahid Ahmad Dar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irshad%20Ahmad%20Najar"> Irshad Ahmad Najar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of social media is percolating to every corner of our social life. It is also changing the social sphere of the classroom in particular and education in general. This paper tries to explore the ways in which social media is influencing student-teacher relationship. Differences have been found in student’s ability to draw benefits from using ICT. Besides digital divides in access and usage, there are attitudinal differences among students towards ICT aligned with traditional forms of social differences. The paper particularly focusses on how students from diverse backgrounds are using social media to interact with their teachers and how such interactions differ on the basis of social class, gender and residential background of students. A qualitative research methodology has been used for answering these questions. Open-ended questionnaire has been designed and administered to a sample of postgraduate students from University of Kashmir drawn purposively ensuring optimum number of subjects from all backgrounds. The data were analyzed by content analysis, deciphering general patterns in the data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title="social media">social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student-teacher%20relationship" title=" student-teacher relationship"> student-teacher relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20class" title=" social class"> social class</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87571/social-media-and-student-teacher-relationship-a-case-study-form-kashmir-university" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Effect of Pretreatment and Drying Method on Selected Quality Parameters of Dried Bell Pepper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toyosi%20Yewande%20Tunde-Akintunde">Toyosi Yewande Tunde-Akintunde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grace%20Oluwatoyin%20Ogunlakin"> Grace Oluwatoyin Ogunlakin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bosede%20Folake%20Olanipekun"> Bosede Folake Olanipekun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Peppers are excellent sources of nutrients but its high moisture content makes it susceptible to spoilage. Drying, a common processing method, results in a reduction of these nutrients in the final product. Pre-treatment of pepper before drying can be used to reduce the level of degradation of nutrients. Thus this study investigated the effect of pre-treatment (hot water blanching and soaking in brine-sodium chloride) and drying methods (oven, microwave and sun) on selected quality parameters (proximate composition, capsaicin, reducing sugar and phenolic content, pH, total solid (TS), Titratable acidity (TA), water absorption capacity (WAC) and colour) of pepper. The protein and moisture content value ranged from 9.09 to 10.23% and 5.63 to 8.48% respectively. Sun dried samples had the highest value while oven dried samples had the lowest. Brine treated samples had higher protein but lower moisture content than blanched samples. Capsaicin, reducing sugar and phenolic content values ranged from 0.68 to 0.87 mg/dm3; 3.18 to 3.79 µg/ml; and 40.67 to 84.01 mg GAE/100 g d.m respectively. The sun dried samples had higher values while the lowest values were from microwave dried samples. The brine treated samples had higher values in capsaicin while the blanched samples had higher reducing sugar and phenolic contents. The values of L, a* and b* for the dried pepper varied from 58.76 to 63.13; 7.09 to 7.34; and 11.79 to 12.36 respectively. Oven dried samples had the lowest values for a*, while its L values were the highest. The L and a* values for brine treated samples were higher than blanched samples. The pre-treatment and drying method considered resulted in different values of the quality parameters considered which indicates that drying and pre-treatment has an effect on the quality of the final dried pepper samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bell%20pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell pepper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20drying" title=" microwave drying"> microwave drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oven%20drying" title=" oven drying"> oven drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sun%20drying" title=" sun drying"> sun drying</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28237/effect-of-pretreatment-and-drying-method-on-selected-quality-parameters-of-dried-bell-pepper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Rutin in Cheddar Cheese</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Jamshaid%20Qazi">Haroon Jamshaid Qazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namrah%20Wahid"> Namrah Wahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanaullah%20Iqbal"> Sanaullah Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raheel%20Suleman"> Raheel Suleman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the current study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Rutin in cheddar cheese. The study was conducted by adding the Rutin in the cheddar cheese in different concentrations according to experimental design, i.e., T1 (20 ppm Rutin), T2 (40 ppm Rutin), T3 (60 ppm Rutin), T4 (80 ppm Rutin). BHT was taken as a positive control at a concentration of 200 ppm, and negative control had neither Rutin nor BHT. The ripening time for cheeses was 90 days at a temperature of 8°C. The results of the various antioxidants assays (Total phenolic contents (TPC) and Antioxidant activity (AA), with storage stability tests (Anisidine value (AV) and Thiobarbituric acid value (TBARS)) performed during different storage intervals 0, 30, 60 and 90 days exhibited that AA in linoleic acid and TPC were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by the addition of rutin to cheese at all concentrations. Moreover, significant reduction in the TBARS values was also observed during the storage period. Rutin also showed a good potential to inhibit the microbial proliferation in the treated samples of cheese. There was a significant decreasing trend seen in total plate count and yeasts and molds count. The sensorial attributes i.e., color, flavor, odor and overall acceptability were increased after adding Rutin to cheddar cheese. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cheddar%20cheese" title="cheddar cheese">cheddar cheese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rutin" title=" Rutin"> Rutin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial" title=" antimicrobial"> antimicrobial</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83555/evaluation-of-antioxidant-and-antimicrobial-potential-of-rutin-in-cheddar-cheese" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83555.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Towards Islamic Sustainable Consumption: Micro Evidence from Muslim Household in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noorhaslinda%20Kulub%20Abd.%20Rashid">Noorhaslinda Kulub Abd. Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuraini%20Anang"> Zuraini Anang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayu%20Taufiq%20Possumah"> Bayu Taufiq Possumah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suriyani%20Muhamad"> Suriyani Muhamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fauziah%20Abu%20Hasan"> Fauziah Abu Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hairunnizam%20Wahid"> Hairunnizam Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reality of Malaysian lives today, especially the households, are not exempted from using a variety of good products and services that are particularly materialistic. In fact, the pace and sophistication of the technology is seen as a major catalyst to the pattern of community life. In facing the challenges of the current economy, the key role to be played by household is managing the pattern of expenditure, income and loan debts regularly and blessed by Allah. Unfortunately, the world today is witnessing the average household could owe solely to meet their needs with existing spending limits. This study aims to measure the ‘Religious Index of Household Expenditure’ (IKM) and analyze how far the religious influence to the pattern of household expenditure based on the 441 Muslim households. The results showed only a 5-item spending, food, housing, transportation, education, and recreation and entertainment that has a significant relationship with IKM. Therefore, Islamic consumer education is a must to establish sustainable consumptions in order to speed up the internalization of sustainable lifestyle among Malaysians. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%98Religious%20Index%20of%20Household%20Expenditure%E2%80%99%20%28IKM%29" title="‘Religious Index of Household Expenditure’ (IKM)">‘Religious Index of Household Expenditure’ (IKM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income" title=" income"> income</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20consumptions" title=" sustainable consumptions"> sustainable consumptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household%20expenditure" title=" household expenditure"> household expenditure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57893/towards-islamic-sustainable-consumption-micro-evidence-from-muslim-household-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Outcome of Induction of Labour by Cervical Ripening with an Osmotic Dilator in a District General Hospital </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Wahid%20Uddin">A. Wahid Uddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osmotic dilator for cervical ripening bypasses the initial hormonal exposure necessary for a routine method of induction. The study was a clinical intervention with an osmotic dilator followed by prospective observation. The aim was to calculate the percentage of women who had successful cervical ripening using modified BISHOP score as evidenced by artificial rupture of membrane. The study also estimated the delivery interval following a single administration of osmotic dilators. Randomly selected patients booked for induction of labour accepting the intervention were included in the study. The study population comprised singleton term pregnancy, cephalic presentation, intact membranes with a modified BISHOP score of less than 6. Initial sample recruited was 30, but 6 patients left the study and the study was concluded on 24 patients. The data were collected in a pre-designed questionnaire and analysis were expressed in percentages along with using mean value for continuous variables. In 70 % of cases, artificial rupture of the membrane was possible and the mean time from insertion of the osmotic dilator to the delivery interval was 30 hours. The study concluded that an osmotic dilator could be a suitable alternative for hormone-based induction of labour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dilator" title="dilator">dilator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction" title=" induction"> induction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labour" title=" labour"> labour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osmotic" title=" osmotic "> osmotic </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137883/outcome-of-induction-of-labour-by-cervical-ripening-with-an-osmotic-dilator-in-a-district-general-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> A Polynomial Time Clustering Algorithm for Solving the Assignment Problem in the Vehicle Routing Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lydia%20Wahid">Lydia Wahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20F.%20Ahmed"> Mona F. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nevin%20Darwish"> Nevin Darwish</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The vehicle routing problem (VRP) consists of a group of customers that needs to be served. Each customer has a certain demand of goods. A central depot having a fleet of vehicles is responsible for supplying the customers with their demands. The problem is composed of two subproblems: The first subproblem is an assignment problem where the number of vehicles that will be used as well as the customers assigned to each vehicle are determined. The second subproblem is the routing problem in which for each vehicle having a number of customers assigned to it, the order of visits of the customers is determined. Optimal number of vehicles, as well as optimal total distance, should be achieved. In this paper, an approach for solving the first subproblem (the assignment problem) is presented. In the approach, a clustering algorithm is proposed for finding the optimal number of vehicles by grouping the customers into clusters where each cluster is visited by one vehicle. Finding the optimal number of clusters is NP-hard. This work presents a polynomial time clustering algorithm for finding the optimal number of clusters and solving the assignment problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20routing%20problems" title="vehicle routing problems">vehicle routing problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering%20algorithms" title=" clustering algorithms"> clustering algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clarke%20and%20Wright%20Saving%20Method" title=" Clarke and Wright Saving Method"> Clarke and Wright Saving Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agglomerative%20hierarchical%20clustering" title=" agglomerative hierarchical clustering"> agglomerative hierarchical clustering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85552/a-polynomial-time-clustering-algorithm-for-solving-the-assignment-problem-in-the-vehicle-routing-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Climate Change and Food Security: Effects of Ozone on Crops in North-West Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nauman%20Ahmad">Muhammad Nauman Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20B%C3%BCker"> Patrick Büker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20Khalid"> Sofia Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leon%20Van%20Den%20Berg"> Leon Van Den Berg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Ullah%20Shah"> Hamid Ullah Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Wahid"> Abdul Wahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Emberson"> Lisa Emberson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sally%20A.%20Power"> Sally A. Power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mike%20Ashmore"> Mike Ashmore</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although ozone is well-documented to affect crop yields in the densely populated Indo-Gangetic Plain, there is little knowledge of its effects around cities in more remote areas of South Asia. We surveyed crops around the city of Peshawar, Pakistan for visible injury, linking this to passive measurements of ozone concentrations. Foliar injury was found in the field on potato, onion and cotton when the mean monthly ozone concentration reached 35-55ppb. The symptoms on onion were reproduced in ozone fumigation experiments, which also showed that daytime ozone concentrations of 60ppb and above significantly reduce the growth of Pakistani varieties of both spinach (Beta vulgaris) and onion. Aphid infestation on spinach was also reduced at these elevated ozone concentrations. The ozone concentrations in Peshawar are comparable to those through many parts of northern south Asia, where ozone may therefore be a significant threat to sensitive vegetable crops in peri-urban regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ozone" title="ozone">ozone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution" title=" air pollution"> air pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetable%20crops" title=" vegetable crops"> vegetable crops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peshawar" title=" peshawar"> peshawar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=south%20asia" title=" south asia"> south asia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20539/climate-change-and-food-security-effects-of-ozone-on-crops-in-north-west-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">740</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> The Use of Correlation Difference for the Prediction of Leakage in Pipeline Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mabel%20Usunobun%20Olanipekun">Mabel Usunobun Olanipekun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henry%20Ogbemudia%20Omoregbee"> Henry Ogbemudia Omoregbee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anomalies such as water pipeline and hydraulic or petrochemical pipeline network leakages and bursts have significant implications for economic conditions and the environment. In order to ensure pipeline systems are reliable, they must be efficiently controlled. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become a powerful network with critical infrastructure monitoring systems for water, oil and gas pipelines. The loss of water, oil and gas is inevitable and is strongly linked to financial costs and environmental problems, and its avoidance often leads to saving of economic resources. Substantial repair costs and the loss of precious natural resources are part of the financial impact of leaking pipes. Pipeline systems experts have implemented various methodologies in recent decades to identify and locate leakages in water, oil and gas supply networks. These methodologies include, among others, the use of acoustic sensors, measurements, abrupt statistical analysis etc. The issue of leak quantification is to estimate, given some observations about that network, the size and location of one or more leaks in a water pipeline network. In detecting background leakage, however, there is a greater uncertainty in using these methodologies since their output is not so reliable. In this work, we are presenting a scalable concept and simulation where a pressure-driven model (PDM) was used to determine water pipeline leakage in a system network. These pressure data were collected with the use of acoustic sensors located at various node points after a predetermined distance apart. We were able to determine with the use of correlation difference to determine the leakage point locally introduced at a predetermined point between two consecutive nodes, causing a substantial pressure difference between in a pipeline network. After de-noising the signal from the sensors at the nodes, we successfully obtained the exact point where we introduced the local leakage using the correlation difference model we developed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leakage%20detection" title="leakage detection">leakage detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20signals" title=" acoustic signals"> acoustic signals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pipeline%20network" title=" pipeline network"> pipeline network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation" title=" correlation"> correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20networks%20%28WSNs%29" title=" wireless sensor networks (WSNs)"> wireless sensor networks (WSNs)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172959/the-use-of-correlation-difference-for-the-prediction-of-leakage-in-pipeline-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> An Image Stitching Approach for Scoliosis Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Salbiah%20Samsudin">Siti Salbiah Samsudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamzah%20Arof"> Hamzah Arof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ainuddin%20Wahid%20Abdul%20Wahab"> Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yamani%20Idna%20Idris"> Mohd Yamani Idna Idris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Standard X-ray spine images produced by conventional screen-film technique have a limited field of view. This limitation may obstruct a complete inspection of the spine unless images of different parts of the spine are placed next to each other contiguously to form a complete structure. Another solution to producing a whole spine image is by assembling the digitized x-ray images of its parts automatically using image stitching. This paper presents a new Medical Image Stitching (MIS) method that utilizes Minimum Average Correlation Energy (MACE) filters to identify and merge pairs of x-ray medical images. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated in two sets of experiments involving two databases which contain a total of 40 pairs of overlapping and non-overlapping spine images. The experimental results are compared to those produced by the Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) and Phase Only Correlation (POC) methods for comparison. It is found that the proposed method outperforms those of the NCC and POC methods in identifying both the overlapping and non-overlapping medical images. The efficacy of the proposed method is further vindicated by its average execution time which is about two to five times shorter than those of the POC and NCC methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20stitching" title="image stitching">image stitching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MACE%20filter" title=" MACE filter"> MACE filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panorama%20image" title=" panorama image"> panorama image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scoliosis" title=" scoliosis"> scoliosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21723/an-image-stitching-approach-for-scoliosis-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21723.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Natural Interaction Game-Based Learning of Elasticity with Kinect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Savari">Maryam Savari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Nizam%20Ayub"> Mohamad Nizam Ayub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ainuddin%20Wahid%20Abdul%20Wahab"> Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Game-based Learning (GBL) is an alternative that provides learners with an opportunity to experience a volatile environment in a safe and secure place. A volatile environment requires a different technique to facilitate learning and prevent injury and other hazards. Subjects involving elasticity are always considered hazardous and can cause injuries,for instance a bouncing ball. Elasticity is a topic that necessitates hands-on practicality for learners to experience the effects of elastic objects. In this paper the scope is to investigate the natural interaction between learners and elastic objects in a safe environment using GBL. During interaction, the potentials of natural contact in the process of learning were explored and gestures exhibited during the learning process were identified. GBL was developed using Kinect technology to teach elasticity to primary school children aged 7 to 12. The system detects body gestures and defines the meanings of motions exhibited during the learning process. The qualitative approach was deployed to constantly monitor the interaction between the student and the system. Based on the results, it was found that Natural Interaction GBL (Ni-GBL) is engaging for students to learn, making their learning experience more active and joyful. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elasticity" title="elasticity">elasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Game-Based%20Learning%20%28GBL%29" title=" Game-Based Learning (GBL)"> Game-Based Learning (GBL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinect%20technology" title=" kinect technology"> kinect technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20interaction" title=" natural interaction "> natural interaction </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22347/natural-interaction-game-based-learning-of-elasticity-with-kinect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22347.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Optimal Tuning of Linear Quadratic Regulator Controller Using a Particle Swarm Optimization for Two-Rotor Aerodynamical System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayad%20Al-Mahturi">Ayad Al-Mahturi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herman%20Wahid"> Herman Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an optimal state feedback controller based on Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) for a two-rotor aero-dynamical system (TRAS). TRAS is a highly nonlinear multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system with two degrees of freedom and cross coupling. There are two parameters that define the behavior of LQR controller: state weighting matrix and control weighting matrix. The two parameters influence the performance of LQR. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed to optimally tune weighting matrices of LQR. The major concern of using LQR controller is to stabilize the TRAS by making the beam move quickly and accurately for tracking a trajectory or to reach a desired altitude. The simulation results were carried out in MATLAB/Simulink. The system is decoupled into two single-input single-output (SISO) systems. Comparing the performance of the optimized proportional, integral and derivative (PID) controller provided by INTECO, results depict that LQR controller gives a better performance in terms of both transient and steady state responses when PSO is performed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LQR%20controller" title="LQR controller">LQR controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title=" optimal control"> optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20swarm%20optimization%20%28PSO%29" title=" particle swarm optimization (PSO)"> particle swarm optimization (PSO)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two%20rotor%20aero-dynamical%20system%20%28TRAS%29" title=" two rotor aero-dynamical system (TRAS)"> two rotor aero-dynamical system (TRAS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65313/optimal-tuning-of-linear-quadratic-regulator-controller-using-a-particle-swarm-optimization-for-two-rotor-aerodynamical-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> In vitro Assessment of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) Seedlings Growth and Proline Production under Salt Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Wahid">Amir Wahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fazal%20Hadi"> Fazal Hadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Ullah%20Jan"> Amin Ullah Jan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tomato and Cauliflower seedlings were grown in-vitro under salt concentrations (0, 2, 4, 8, and 10 dSm-1) with objectives to investigate; (1) The effect of salinity on seedling growth and free proline production, (2) the correlation between seedling growth and proline contents, (3) comparative salt tolerance of both species. Different concentrations of salt showed considerable effect on percent (%) germination of seeds, length and biomass of shoot and root and also showed effect on percent water content of both plants seedlings. Germination rate in cauliflower was two times higher than tomato even at highest salt concentration (10 dSm-1). Seedling growth of both species was less effected at low salt concentrations (2 and 4 dSm-1) but at high concentrations (6 and 8 dSm-1) the seedling growth of both species was significantly decreased. Particularly the tomato root was highly significantly reduced. The proline level linearly increased in both species with increasing salt concentrations up-to 4 dSm-1 and then declined. The cauliflower showed higher free proline level than tomato under all salt treatments. Overall, the cauliflower seedlings showed better growth response along with higher proline contents on comparison with tomato seedlings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NaCl%20%28Sodium%20Chloride%29" title="NaCl (Sodium Chloride)">NaCl (Sodium Chloride)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EC%20%28Electrical%20Conductivity%29" title=" EC (Electrical Conductivity)"> EC (Electrical Conductivity)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MS%20%28Murashig%20and%20Skoog%29" title=" MS (Murashig and Skoog)"> MS (Murashig and Skoog)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANOVA%20%28Analysis%20of%20Variance%29" title=" ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)"> ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LSD%20%28Least%20Significant%20Differences%29" title=" LSD (Least Significant Differences)"> LSD (Least Significant Differences)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16523/in-vitro-assessment-of-tomato-lycopersicon-esculentum-and-cauliflower-brassica-oleracea-seedlings-growth-and-proline-production-under-salt-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16523.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">556</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Intervention of Self-Limiting L1 Inner Speech during L2 Presentations: A Study of Bangla-English Bilinguals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Wahid">Abdul Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inner speech, also known as verbal thinking, self-talk or private speech, is characterized by the subjective language experience in the absence of overt or audible speech. It is a psychological form of verbal activity which is being rehearsed without the articulation of any sound wave. In Psychology, self-limiting speech means the type of speech which contains information that inhibits the development of the self. People, in most cases, experience inner speech in their first language. It is very frequent in Bangladesh where the Bangla (L1) speaking students lose track of speech during their presentations in English (L2). This paper investigates into the long pauses (more than 0.4 seconds long) in English (L2) presentations by Bangla speaking students (18-21 year old) and finds the intervention of Bangla (L1) inner speech as one of its causes. The overt speeches of the presenters are placed on Audacity Audio Editing software where the length of pauses are measured in milliseconds. Varieties of inner speech questionnaire (VISQ) have been conducted randomly amongst the participants out of whom 20 were selected who have similar phenomenology of inner speech. They have been interviewed to describe the type and content of the voices that went on in their head during the long pauses. The qualitative interview data are then codified and converted into quantitative data. It was observed that in more than 80% cases students experience self-limiting inner speech/self-talk during their unwanted pauses in L2 presentations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangla-English%20Bilinguals" title="Bangla-English Bilinguals">Bangla-English Bilinguals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inner%20speech" title=" inner speech"> inner speech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L1%20intervention%20in%20bilingualism" title=" L1 intervention in bilingualism"> L1 intervention in bilingualism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20schema" title=" motor schema"> motor schema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pauses" title=" pauses"> pauses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phonological%20loop" title=" phonological loop"> phonological loop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phonological%20store" title=" phonological store"> phonological store</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=working%20memory" title=" working memory"> working memory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128980/intervention-of-self-limiting-l1-inner-speech-during-l2-presentations-a-study-of-bangla-english-bilinguals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Entrepreneurship Education: The Impact in Today’s World</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oghenerume%20V.%20Edah">Oghenerume V. Edah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damilola%20T.%20Aladejana"> Damilola T. Aladejana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Entrepreneurship Education is the process of developing and acquiring entrepreneur skills on how to identify a new business and launching the business with the realization of yielding profit optimally. It’s the process of knowing how to take risk and handle challenges that accompanies a new business without the mindset of closing it when it fails. It includes steps to take when a business is recognized, combined with acquiring resources (e.g. finances, labor, land) in the face of risk and launching the new business. Additionally, Entrepreneurship is defined as the ability and willingness to set a business in the event of making profit. It is the act of starting up a business to solve big problems or present a new life-changing solution in the society to generate profit. It’s a process where a business opportunity is identified; planned, acquired and needful steps are taken to launch a business. This involves taking up financial risk, acquiring natural resources, combined with land, capital and building up a team of people who would individually contribute or add value in order to make the new business a success. Moreover, Education is the learning of new skills or value. It’s the acquiring of knowledge and capability of doing new things. It is been able to differentiate what you know and what you don’t know yet. In this modern world, the emergence of entrepreneurship education has been magnificent. An average of 60 percent humans wants to start a business or become an entrepreneur without knowing the steps on how to startup. Moreover, many of them are good starters and they end up failing when the business is not managed well. The introduction of Entrepreneur Education in our world today would change the face of business phenomenally. It would involve the acquisition of entrepreneur skills, knowledge and attitude towards initiating a business venture. The impact of Entrepreneurship Education in our world today would increase the chances of business success because it would generate better entrepreneurs. The skills, values, concept and processes acquired through learning have changed the face of business to a positive direction globally and the impact can be felt. Entrepreneurship can be taught and also can be learnt. Like any skills it can be known. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title="entrepreneurship">entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business" title=" business"> business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneur" title=" entrepreneur"> entrepreneur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skills" title=" skills"> skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88652/entrepreneurship-education-the-impact-in-todays-world" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> A Quantum Leap: Developing Quantum Semi-Structured Complex Numbers to Solve the “Division by Zero” Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Jean-Paul">Peter Jean-Paul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanaz%20Wahid"> Shanaz Wahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The problem of division by zero can be stated as: “what is the value of 0 x 1/0?” This expression has been considered undefined by mathematicians because it can have two equally valid solutions either 0 or 1. Recently semi-structured complex number set was invented to solve “division by zero”. However, whilst the number set had some merits it was considered to have a poor theoretical foundation and did not provide a quality solution to “division by zero”. Moreover, the set lacked consistency in simple algebraic calculations producing contradictory results when dividing by zero. To overcome these issues this research starts by treating the expression " 0 x 1/0" as a quantum mechanical system that produces two tangled results 0 and 1. Dirac Notation (a tool from quantum mechanics) was then used to redefine the unstructured unit p in semi-structured complex numbers so that p represents the superposition of two results (0 and 1) and collapses into a single value when used in algebraic expressions. In the process, this paper describes a new number set called Quantum Semi-structured Complex Numbers that provides a valid solution to the problem of “division by zero”. This research shows that this new set (1) forms a “Field”, (2) can produce consistent results when solving division by zero problems, (3) can be used to accurately describe systems whose mathematical descriptions involve division by zero. This research served to provide a firm foundation for Quantum Semi-structured Complex Numbers and support their practical use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=division%20by%20zero" title="division by zero">division by zero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi-structured%20complex%20numbers" title=" semi-structured complex numbers"> semi-structured complex numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20mechanics" title=" quantum mechanics"> quantum mechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilbert%20space" title=" Hilbert space"> Hilbert space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euclidean%20space" title=" Euclidean space"> Euclidean space</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143814/a-quantum-leap-developing-quantum-semi-structured-complex-numbers-to-solve-the-division-by-zero-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wahid%20Damilola%20Olanipekun&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wahid%20Damilola%20Olanipekun&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" 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