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Sudan – Wikipedia

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href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Sudan rootpage-Sudan skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Hoppa till innehållet</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Huvudmeny" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigering </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" title="Besök huvudsidan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Huvudsida</span></a></li><li id="n-Introduktion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion"><span>Introduktion</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deltagarportalen" title="Om projektet, vad du kan göra, var man kan hitta saker"><span>Deltagarportalen</span></a></li><li id="n-Bybrunnen" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bybrunnen"><span>Bybrunnen</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_%C3%A4ndringar" title="Lista över de senaste ändringarna på wikin [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Senaste ändringarna</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Slumpsida" title="Gå till en slumpmässigt vald sida [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Slumpartikel</span></a></li><li id="n-filuppladdning" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Ladda upp filer till Wikimedia Commons"><span>Ladda upp filer</span></a></li><li id="n-Kontakta-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt"><span>Kontakta Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hj%C3%A4lp" title="Platsen där du hittar hjälp"><span>Hjälp</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sv.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:S%C3%B6k" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Sök i svenskspråkiga Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Sök</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Sök på Wikipedia" aria-label="Sök på Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Sök i svenskspråkiga Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Sök"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Sök</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personliga verktyg"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Ändra utseendet på sidans teckenstorlek, bredd och färg" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utseende" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utseende</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=sv" class=""><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&amp;returnto=Sudan" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt" class=""><span>Skapa konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&amp;returnto=Sudan" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logga in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fler alternativ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personliga verktyg" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personliga verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Användarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=sv"><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&amp;returnto=Sudan" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skapa konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&amp;returnto=Sudan" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Namn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Namn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Namn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Namn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Historia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Äldre_historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Äldre_historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Äldre historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Äldre_historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1800-talet_och_tidigt_1900-tal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1800-talet_och_tidigt_1900-tal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1800-talet och tidigt 1900-tal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1800-talet_och_tidigt_1900-tal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Modern historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geografi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Geografi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Topografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Topografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Topografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Topografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Hydrografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klimat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klimat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Klimat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klimat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Växt-_och_djurliv" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Växt-_och_djurliv"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Växt- och djurliv</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Växt-_och_djurliv-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naturskydd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naturskydd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Naturskydd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naturskydd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Styre_och_politik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Styre_och_politik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Styre och politik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Styre_och_politik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Styre och politik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Styre_och_politik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Konstitution_och_styre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konstitution_och_styre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Konstitution och styre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konstitution_och_styre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrativ_indelning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrativ_indelning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Administrativ indelning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrativ_indelning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Politik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rättsväsen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rättsväsen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Rättsväsen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rättsväsen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internationella_relationer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internationella_relationer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Internationella relationer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internationella_relationer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomi_och_infrastruktur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomi_och_infrastruktur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ekonomi och infrastruktur</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ekonomi_och_infrastruktur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Ekonomi och infrastruktur</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ekonomi_och_infrastruktur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Näringsliv" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Näringsliv"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Näringsliv</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Näringsliv-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Statistik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statistik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Statistik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statistik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energi_och_råvaror" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energi_och_råvaror"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Energi och råvaror</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energi_och_råvaror-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>Industri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastruktur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastruktur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Infrastruktur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastruktur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transporter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transporter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Transporter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transporter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post,_telefoni_och_Internet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post,_telefoni_och_Internet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>Post, telefoni och Internet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post,_telefoni_och_Internet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utbildning_och_forskning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utbildning_och_forskning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.3</span> <span>Utbildning och forskning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utbildning_och_forskning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sjukvård,_andra_viktiga_samhällstjänster" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sjukvård,_andra_viktiga_samhällstjänster"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.4</span> <span>Sjukvård, andra viktiga samhällstjänster</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sjukvård,_andra_viktiga_samhällstjänster-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Befolkning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Befolkning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Befolkning</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Befolkning-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Befolkning</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Befolkning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Demografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Statistik_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statistik_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Statistik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statistik_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minoriteter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minoriteter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Minoriteter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minoriteter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Migration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Migration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.3</span> <span>Migration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Migration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Språk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Språk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Språk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Språk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sociala_förhållanden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sociala_förhållanden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Sociala förhållanden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sociala_förhållanden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hälsa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hälsa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Hälsa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hälsa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Kultur</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kultur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Kultur</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kultur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Massmedia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Massmedia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Massmedia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Massmedia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Press_och_förlag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Press_och_förlag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>Press och förlag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Press_och_förlag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio_och_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio_och_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>Radio och television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio_och_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konstarter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konstarter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Konstarter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konstarter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Musik_och_dans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musik_och_dans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.1</span> <span>Musik och dans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musik_och_dans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arkitektur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arkitektur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.2</span> <span>Arkitektur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arkitektur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditioner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditioner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Traditioner</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditioner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Helgdagar_och_högtider" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Helgdagar_och_högtider"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3.1</span> <span>Helgdagar och högtider</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Helgdagar_och_högtider-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Matkultur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matkultur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3.2</span> <span>Matkultur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matkultur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultursymboler_och_viktiga_personligheter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultursymboler_och_viktiga_personligheter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3.3</span> <span>Kultursymboler och viktiga personligheter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kultursymboler_och_viktiga_personligheter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Idrott" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Idrott"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Idrott</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Idrott-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internationella_rankningar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internationella_rankningar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Internationella rankningar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internationella_rankningar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sudan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 259 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-259" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">259 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – acehnesiska" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="acehnesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – kabardinska" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardinska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – adygeiska" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adygeiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soedan" title="Soedan – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Soedan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B1%E1%8B%B3%E1%8A%95" title="ሱዳን – amhariska" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሱዳን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – enaresamiska" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सूडान – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="सूडान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – fornengelska" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="fornengelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – abchaziska" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abchaziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="السودان – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="السودان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A1n" title="Sudán – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sudán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A3%DC%98%DC%95%DC%90%DC%A2" title="ܣܘܕܐܢ – arameiska" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܘܕܐܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սուտան – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սուտան" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodan" title="Sodan – frankoprovensalska" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Sodan" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="frankoprovensalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A1n" title="Sudán – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sudán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A3" title="Sudã – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Sudã" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سودان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سودان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – balinesiska" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সুদান – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সুদান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – banjariska" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – basjkiriska" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkiriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सूडान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सूडान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – bayerska" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bayerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="སུའུ་ཏན། – tibetanska" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སུའུ་ཏན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Soudan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAd%C3%A1n" title="Súdán – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Súdán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A1n" title="Sudán – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Sudán" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudhani" title="Sudhani – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Sudhani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – korsikanska" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swdan" title="Swdan – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Swdan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="السودان – marockansk arabiska" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="السودان" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marockansk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – nordsamiska" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Pennsylvaniatyska" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvaniatyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%AB%DE%8B%DE%A7%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ސޫދާން – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސޫދާން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81s%C3%A1%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Daalzhin%C3%AD_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Ásáí Dineʼé Daalzhiní Bikéyah – navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ásáí Dineʼé Daalzhiní Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – lågsorbiska" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="lågsorbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सुडान – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="सुडान" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudaan" title="Sudaan – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sudaan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B4%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Σουδάν – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σουδάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – erjya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erjya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A1n" title="Sudán – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sudán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudano" title="Sudano – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sudano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A1n" title="Sudán – extremaduriska" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sudán" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremaduriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A3" title="Sudã – ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Sudã" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – farefare" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="farefare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سودان – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سودان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Fiji-hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji-hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – färöiska" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="färöiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Soudan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BBdan" title="Sûdan – västfrisiska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sûdan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="västfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – fulani" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="fulani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tS%C3%BAd%C3%A1in" title="An tSúdáin – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tSúdáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Toodaan" title="Yn Toodaan – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Toodaan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – gagauziska" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – skotsk gäliska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gäliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A1n" title="Sudán – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sudán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – ingusjiska" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingusjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%A9dana" title="Sũdana – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Sũdana" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="સુદાન – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સુદાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सुडान – Goa-konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="सुडान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goa-konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%8B%A8" title="수단 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수단" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սուդան – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուդան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सूडान – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सूडान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – högsorbiska" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="högsorbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সুদান – bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সুদান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – ossetiska" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISudan" title="ISudan – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="ISudan" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAdan" title="Súdan – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Súdan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%93%D7%90%D7%9F" title="סודאן – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סודאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudaan%C9%A9" title="Sudaanɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sudaanɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸುಡಾನ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸುಡಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სუდანი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სუდანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan – korniska" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Soudan" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudani" title="Sudani – kinjarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Sudani" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinjarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – kikongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudana" title="Sudana – kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Sudana" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Soudan" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Soudan" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BBdan" title="Sûdan – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sûdan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – västmariska" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="västmariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudania" title="Sudania – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sudania" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C4%81na" title="Sudāna – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sudāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – luxemburgiska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – lezghien" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudanas" title="Sudanas – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sudanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – liguriska" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soedan" title="Soedan – limburgiska" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Soedan" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudani" title="Sudani – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sudani" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sudan" title="sudan – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="sudan" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudaani" title="Sudaani – luganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Sudaani" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="luganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szud%C3%A1n" title="Szudán – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szudán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – maduresiska" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="maduresiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sod%C3%A0na" title="Sodàna – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sodàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="സുഡാൻ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സുഡാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – maltesiska" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%ABt%C4%81ne" title="Hūtāne – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Hūtāne" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सुदान – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सुदान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სუდანი – mingrelianska" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სუდანი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="السودان – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="السودان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سودان – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سودان" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯁꯨꯗꯥꯟ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁꯨꯗꯥꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – mirandesiska" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – mongoliska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%B0%E1%80%92%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဆူဒန်နိုင်ငံ – burmesiska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆူဒန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soedan" title="Soedan – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Soedan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soedan" title="Soedan – lågsaxiska" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Soedan" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lågsaxiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सुडान – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सुडान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सुदान – newariska" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सुदान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%80%E3%83%B3" title="スーダン – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スーダン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – tjetjenska" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tjetjenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudaan" title="Sudaan – nordfrisiska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sudaan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodan" title="Sodan – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sodan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudaan" title="Sudaan – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sudaan" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸੁਡਾਨ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੁਡਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सूडान – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="सूडान" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سوڈان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سوڈان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%89%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سوډان – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سوډان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – jamaikansk engelsk kreol" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaikansk engelsk kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%8A%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%8B" title="ស៊ូដង់ – kambodjanska" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ស៊ូដង់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kambodjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soudan" title="Soudan – pikardiska" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Soudan" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – piemontesiska" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – lågtyska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A3o" title="Sudão – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sudão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – karakalpakiska" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – krimtatariska" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – rätoromanska" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="rätoromanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suthan" title="Suthan – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Suthan" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судаан – jakutiska" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Судаан" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – samoanska" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="सूडान – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सूडान" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A4an" title="Sudäan – sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Sudäan" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱥᱩᱫᱟᱱ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱩᱫᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سوڈان – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سوڈان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – sardinska" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – skotska" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – saterfrisiska" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – sydsotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sydsotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – nordsotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="nordsotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudani" title="Sudani – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sudani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – sicilianska" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="සුඩානය – singalesiska" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සුඩානය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%8A%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سوڊان – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سوڊان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISudani" title="ISudani – swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="ISudani" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A1n" title="Sudán – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sudán" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – silesiska" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suudaan" title="Suudaan – somaliska" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Suudaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سوودان – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سوودان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – sundanesiska" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="rekommenderad artikel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="சூடான் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சூடான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – kabyliska" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B0%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းသူႇတၼ်ႇ – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းသူႇတၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="సూడాన్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సూడాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศซูดาน – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศซูดาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thud%C3%A4n" title="Thudän – dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Thudän" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B1%E1%8B%B3%E1%8A%95" title="ሱዳን – tigrinja" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሱዳን" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigrinja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Судон – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Судон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – turkmeniska" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – udmurtiska" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Судан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سوڈان – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سوڈان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سۇدان – uiguriska" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سۇدان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – venetianska" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sud%C3%A4n" title="Sudän – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sudän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudaan" title="Sudaan – võru" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Sudaan" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="蘇丹 – litterär kineiska" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="蘇丹" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="litterär kineiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soedan" title="Soedan – västflamländska" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Soedan" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="västflamländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudaan" title="Sudaan – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Sudaan" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="苏丹 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏丹" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%93%D7%90%D7%9F" title="סודאן – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סודאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="蘇丹 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇丹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soedan" title="Soedan – zeeländska" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Soedan" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zeeländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodans" title="Sodans – samogitiska" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sodans" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="苏丹 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="苏丹" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – betawiska" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – ibanska" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ibanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Sudan" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B7%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F" title="ⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ – marockansk standard-tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵙⵓⴷⴰⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="marockansk standard-tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1049#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Sudan" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sudan"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sudan"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Sudan" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Sudan" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;oldid=56176852" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&amp;page=Sudan&amp;id=56176852&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSudan"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSudan"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Sudan"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Sudan&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_/_Sudan" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikinews.org/wiki/Kategori:Sudan" hreflang="sv"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sudan" hreflang="sv"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1049" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geografiska_koordinatsystem" title="Geografiska koordinatsystem">Koordinater</a>: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=sv&amp;pagename=Sudan&amp;params=13_N_30_E_type:country"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kartor, flygfoton och andra data för denna plats"><span class="latitude">13°N</span> <span 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style="line-height:1.2em; padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em; font-size:1.25em;"><span class="fn org country-name">Republiken Sudan<br />جمهورية السودان<br />Jumhuriyat as-Sudan<br />Republic of the Sudan</span></th> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td class="maptable" colspan="3" align="center" style="padding:0.5em 0;"><table align="center" style="width:100%; background:none;"><tbody><tr> <td align="center" style="width:58%; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Flag_of_Sudan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sudans flagga"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/125px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/188px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/250px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td> <td align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Emblem_of_Sudan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sudans statsvapen"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_Sudan.svg/85px-Emblem_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_Sudan.svg/128px-Emblem_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_Sudan.svg/170px-Emblem_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1125" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td align="center"><small><a href="/wiki/Sudans_flagga" title="Sudans flagga">Flagga</a></small></td> <td align="center"><small><a href="/wiki/Sudans_statsvapen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sudans statsvapen">Statsvapen</a></small></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="line-height:1.2em; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Valspr%C3%A5k" title="Valspråk">Valspråk</a>:&#160;</b>النصر لنا (An-Nasr Lana)<br />"Segern är vår"</td> </tr><tr> <td class="anthem" colspan="3" style="line-height:1.2em; text-align:center;"><b>Nationalsång:&#160;</b><a href="/wiki/Nahnu_Jund_Allah_Jund_Al-watan" title="Nahnu Jund Allah Jund Al-watan">Vi är Guds och vårt lands armé</a><br />نحن جند للہ جند الوطن (Arabiska)<center><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="250" style="width:250px;" data-durationhint="46" data-mwtitle="Sudanese_national_anthem,_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Sudanese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.oga/Sudanese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Sudanese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs=&quot;vorbis&quot;" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ASudanese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.oga&amp;lang=ar&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ar" label="العربية ‪(ar)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ASudanese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.oga&amp;lang=en&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&amp;title=File%3ASudanese_national_anthem%2C_performed_by_the_U.S._Navy_Band.oga&amp;lang=es&amp;trackformat=vtt&amp;origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></center><br /></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; padding:0.6em 0em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Sudan_(orthographic_projection)_highlighted.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="läge"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Sudan_%28orthographic_projection%29_highlighted.svg/250px-Sudan_%28orthographic_projection%29_highlighted.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Sudan_%28orthographic_projection%29_highlighted.svg/375px-Sudan_%28orthographic_projection%29_highlighted.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Sudan_%28orthographic_projection%29_highlighted.svg/500px-Sudan_%28orthographic_projection%29_highlighted.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption> läge</figcaption></figure> <div style="position:relative; top:0.3em;"><small></small></div> </td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Huvudstad" title="Huvudstad">Huvudstad</a></b></td><td><a href="/wiki/Khartoum" title="Khartoum">Khartoum</a><sup id="cite_ref-HuvudstadNot_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HuvudstadNot-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <th colspan="2">Största stad</th> <td><a href="/wiki/Omdurman" title="Omdurman">Omdurman</a></td></tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Officiellt_spr%C3%A5k" title="Officiellt språk">Officiella språk</a></th> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabiska" title="Arabiska">Arabiska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Engelska" title="Engelska">Engelska</a><sup id="cite_ref-Const_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Const-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Statsskick</th> <td><a href="/wiki/Republik" title="Republik">Republik</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_%C3%B6ver_Sudans_presidenter&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista över Sudans presidenter [inte skriven än]">President</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdel_Fattah_Abdelrahman_al-Burhan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman al-Burhan [inte skriven än]">Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman al-Burhan</a> (2021)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_%C3%B6ver_Sudans_premi%C3%A4rministrar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista över Sudans premiärministrar [inte skriven än]">Premiärminister</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osman_Hussein&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Osman Hussein [inte skriven än]">Osman Hussein</a> (2022)</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Nationalförsamling</th> <td>Lagstiftande övergångsråd</td> </tr><tr><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%A4lvst%C3%A4ndighet" title="Självständighet">Självständighet</a></th> <td>Från <a href="/wiki/Storbritannien" title="Storbritannien">Storbritannien</a> och <a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten">Egypten</a>&#160;</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Erkänd</td> <td><a href="/wiki/1_januari" title="1 januari">1 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>&#160;</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3">Area</th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Totalt</td> <td>1&#160;861&#160;484&#160;km²<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_l%C3%A4nder_efter_yta" title="Lista över länder efter yta">17:e</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Vatten&#160;(%)</td> <td>5&#160;%</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Demografi" title="Demografi">Demografi</a></th> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">2021&#160;års uppskattning</td> <td>46&#160;751&#160;152<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_l%C3%A4nder_efter_folkm%C3%A4ngd" title="Lista över länder efter folkmängd">32:a</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Befolkningstäthet</td> <td>25,1 inv./km²&#160;</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Bruttonationalprodukt" title="Bruttonationalprodukt">BNP</a></b>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6pkraftsparitet" title="Köpkraftsparitet">PPP</a>)</td> <td>2022&#160;års beräkning</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Totalt</td> <td>207,3 miljarder <a href="/wiki/Amerikansk_dollar" title="Amerikansk dollar">USD</a><sup id="cite_ref-imf.org_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf.org-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_l%C3%A4nder_efter_BNP_(PPP)" title="Lista över länder efter BNP (PPP)">71:a</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Per capita</td> <td>4 442 <a href="/wiki/Amerikansk_dollar" title="Amerikansk dollar">USD</a><sup id="cite_ref-imf.org_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf.org-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_l%C3%A4nder_efter_BNP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="Lista över länder efter BNP (PPP) per capita">152:a</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Bruttonationalprodukt" title="Bruttonationalprodukt">BNP</a></b> (nominell)</td> <td>2022&#160;års beräkning</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Totalt</td> <td>31,5 miljarder <a href="/wiki/Amerikansk_dollar" title="Amerikansk dollar">USD</a><sup id="cite_ref-imf.org_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf.org-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_l%C3%A4nder_efter_BNP" title="Lista över länder efter BNP">105:e</a>)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <td style="width:1em; padding:0 0 0 0.6em;">&#160;-&#160;</td> <td style="padding-left:0em;">Per capita</td> <td>674 <a href="/wiki/Amerikansk_dollar" title="Amerikansk dollar">USD</a><sup id="cite_ref-imf.org_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf.org-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_l%C3%A4nder_efter_BNP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="Lista över länder efter BNP (PPP) per capita">185:e</a>)</td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Ginikoefficient" title="Ginikoefficient">Ginikoefficient</a></b>&#160;(2014)</td> <td>34,2&#160;%<sup id="cite_ref-wb-gini_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wb-gini-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#160;</td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a></b>&#160;(2021)</td> <td><span style="color:#0c0; font-size:1em;">▲</span> 0,508<sup id="cite_ref-hdirapport2022_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hdirapport2022-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_l%C3%A4nder_efter_Human_Development_Index" title="Lista över länder efter Human Development Index">172:a</a>)</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Valuta" title="Valuta">Valuta</a></th> <td><a href="/wiki/Sudanesiskt_pund" title="Sudanesiskt pund">Sudanesiskt pund</a> (<code><a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">SDG</a></code>) </td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tidszon" title="Tidszon">Tidszon</a></th> <td>EAT <span style="white-space:nowrap">(<a href="/wiki/Koordinerad_universell_tid" title="Koordinerad universell tid">UTC</a>+2)</span></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2">Datumformat</th> <td>dd/mm/yyyy</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6ger-_och_v%C3%A4nstertrafik" title="Höger- och vänstertrafik">Kör på</a></th> <td>Höger</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nationaldag" title="Nationaldag">Nationaldag</a></th> <td><a href="/wiki/1_januari" title="1 januari">1 januari</a></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nationalitetsm%C3%A4rke" title="Nationalitetsmärke">Nationalitetsmärke</a></th> <td>SUD</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">Landskod</a></th> <td>SD, SDN, 729</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Toppdom%C3%A4n" title="Toppdomän">Toppdomän</a></th> <td>.sd, سودان.</td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Landsnummer" title="Landsnummer">Landsnummer</a></th> <td>249</td> </tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sudan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabiska" title="Arabiska">arabiska</a>: <span lang="ar">السودان</span>, <i>as-Sūdān</i>) eller <b>Nordsudan</b><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, officiellt <b>Republiken Sudan</b><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Arabiska" title="Arabiska">arabiska</a>: <span lang="ar">جمهورية السودان</span>, <i>Jumhūrīyat as-Sūdān</i>), är ett land i <a href="/wiki/Nordafrika" title="Nordafrika">Nordafrika</a>, som ofta även anses vara en del av <a href="/wiki/Mellan%C3%B6stern" title="Mellanöstern">Mellanöstern</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Landet gränsar till <a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten">Egypten</a> i norr, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6da_havet" title="Röda havet">Röda havet</a> i nordost, <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> och <a href="/wiki/Etiopien" title="Etiopien">Etiopien</a> i öster, <a href="/wiki/Sydsudan" title="Sydsudan">Sydsudan</a> i söder, <a href="/wiki/Centralafrikanska_republiken" title="Centralafrikanska republiken">Centralafrikanska republiken</a> i sydväst, <a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">Tchad</a> i väst och <a href="/wiki/Libyen" title="Libyen">Libyen</a> i nordväst. Sudan är Afrikas till ytan tredje största land.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nilen" title="Nilen">Nilen</a> rinner tvärs igenom landet och delar det i en östlig och en västlig del. </p><p>Befolkningen i Sudan är en kombination av inhemska <a href="/wiki/Nilo-sahariska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Nilo-sahariska språk">nilo-sahariskt</a>-talande afrikaner och ättlingar till invandrare från <a href="/wiki/Arabiska_halv%C3%B6n" title="Arabiska halvön">Arabiska halvön</a>. På grund av <a href="/wiki/Arabisering" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabisering">arabiseringsprocessen</a> dominerar idag arabisk kultur i Sudan och majoriteten av befolkningen i Sudan är muslimer.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sudans historia sträcker sig från <a href="/wiki/Antiken" title="Antiken">antiken</a> och är intimt sammanflätad med <a href="/wiki/Egyptens_historia" title="Egyptens historia">Egyptens historia</a>. I modern tid utstod landet ett sjutton år långt <a href="/wiki/Inb%C3%B6rdeskrig" title="Inbördeskrig">inbördeskrig</a>, det <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6rsta_sudanesiska_inb%C3%B6rdeskriget&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Första sudanesiska inbördeskriget [inte skriven än]">första sudanesiska inbördeskriget</a> (1955–1972), följt av etniska, religiösa och ekonomiska konflikter mellan det muslimsk-arabiska och arabiserade norra Sudan och mestadels <a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">animistiska</a> och kristna <a href="/wiki/Niloter" title="Niloter">niloter</a> i <a href="/wiki/Sydsudan" title="Sydsudan">Sydsudan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Shami_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shami-17"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-18"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Detta ledde till <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andra_sudanesiska_inb%C3%B6rdeskriget&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Andra sudanesiska inbördeskriget [inte skriven än]">andra sudanesiska inbördeskriget</a> år 1983. </p><p>Efter fortsatta politiska och militära stridigheter övertogs makten år 1989 i en oblodig <a href="/wiki/Statskupp" title="Statskupp">statskupp</a> av överste <a href="/wiki/Omar_al-Bashir" title="Omar al-Bashir">Omar al-Bashir</a> varefter han utropade sig själv till Sudans president.<sup id="cite_ref-reuters-factbox_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters-factbox-19"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inbördeskriget upphörde i samband med undertecknandet av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naivashaavtalet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Naivashaavtalet [inte skriven än]">Naivashaavtalet</a> som gav <a href="/wiki/Autonomi" title="Autonomi">autonomi</a> för vad som då var landets södra region. Efter en <a href="/wiki/Folkomr%C3%B6stningen_om_sj%C3%A4lvst%C3%A4ndighet_i_Sydsudan" title="Folkomröstningen om självständighet i Sydsudan">folkomröstning</a> i januari 2011 utträdde <a href="/wiki/Sydsudan" title="Sydsudan">Sydsudan</a> ur Sudan den 9 juli 2011 och detta skedde med samtycke av Sudans dåvarande president al-Bashir.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-south_sudan_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-south_sudan-21"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Namn">Namn</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Namn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Namn"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under medeltiden använde arabiska geografer termen Bilad as-Sudan, vilket betyder <i>de svartas land</i>, för att referera till området söder om Sahara. Namnet är således arabiskt.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-22"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint"><i>Detta avsnitt är en sammanfattning av <a href="/wiki/Sudans_historia" title="Sudans historia">Sudans historia</a>.</i></div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Äldre_historia"><span id=".C3.84ldre_historia"></span>Äldre historia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Äldre historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Äldre historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Området som utgör Sudan var bebott redan 30 000 år f.kr. Ungefär 3000 år f.kr. erövrades det som då kallades för övre <a href="/wiki/Nubien" title="Nubien">Nubien</a> av <a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten">Egypten</a> i jakt på byggmaterial och slavar.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-23"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under antiken uppstod riket <a href="/wiki/Kush" title="Kush">Kush</a> i norra Sudan, som då var ett mäktigt rike som hade stor handel med Egypten.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mellan åren 1500 och 1000 f.kr. var Kush en egyptisk provins men senare tog Kush i stället makten över Egypten och formade landets 25:e dynasti (ca 722–655 f.Kr.).<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Egyptens kulturella och religiösa inflytande var under perioden stark. Exempelvis lät de kushitiska kungarna bygga pyramider.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I mitten av 500-talet var Nubien uppdelat i tre kungariken, och under den tiden blev dessa kristna.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1800-talet_och_tidigt_1900-tal">1800-talet och tidigt 1900-tal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: 1800-talet och tidigt 1900-tal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: 1800-talet och tidigt 1900-tal"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Muhammed_Ali_av_Egypten" title="Muhammed Ali av Egypten">Muhammed Ali av Egypten</a> erövrade Sudan år 1821 efter att en armé under ledning av hans son anfallit landet. Under den här perioden anlades också staden <a href="/wiki/Khartoum" title="Khartoum">Khartoum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I syfte att minimera det västerländska inflytandet och upprätta en muslimsk stat startade 1891 den politiska och religiösa rörelsen <a href="/wiki/Mahdistupproret" title="Mahdistupproret">Mahdistupproret</a> under ledning av <a href="/wiki/Muhammed_Ahmed" title="Muhammed Ahmed">Muhammed Ahmed</a>. Mahdistupproret besegrades dock år 1898 av Egypten och Storbritannien.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mellan åren 1899 och 1956 styrdes Sudan, kallat <a href="/wiki/Anglo-egyptiska_Sudan" title="Anglo-egyptiska Sudan">Anglo-egyptiska Sudan</a>, av Egypten och Storbritannien gemensamt.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anglo-egyptiska Sudan leddes av en brittisk <a href="/wiki/Generalguvern%C3%B6r" title="Generalguvernör">generalguvernör</a> samt <i>Sudan political service</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_historia">Modern historia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Modern historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Modern historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Government_Militia_in_Darfur.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Government_Militia_in_Darfur.PNG/250px-Government_Militia_in_Darfur.PNG" decoding="async" width="250" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Government_Militia_in_Darfur.PNG/375px-Government_Militia_in_Darfur.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Government_Militia_in_Darfur.PNG/500px-Government_Militia_in_Darfur.PNG 2x" data-file-width="781" data-file-height="445" /></a><figcaption>Regeringssoldater i Darfur.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ett anglo-egyptiskt avtal år 1953 gav Sudan inre självstyre under tre år och dessutom skulle de brittiska styrkorna dras tillbaka. Samma år hölls landets första val, vilket vanns av <i>National Unionist Party</i> (NUP) och partiets ledare <a href="/wiki/Ismail_al-Azhari" title="Ismail al-Azhari">Ismail al-Azhari</a>. Al-Hazari bildade regering år 1954 och blev Sudans förste premiärminister.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-32"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den <a href="/wiki/1_januari" title="1 januari">1 januari</a> <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a> blev Sudan en självständig stat.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-32"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Redan vid tiden för självständigheten pågick krig mellan norra och södra delen av Sudan,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vilket bland annat grundade sig på den skillnad som under perioden som anglo.egyptiska Sudan, gjordes mellan norra och södra delen av landet.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sudan var formellt en demokrati fram till år <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a>, då militären övertog makten i en kupp<sup id="cite_ref-:11_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-22"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och <a href="/wiki/Jaafar_al-Nimeiry" title="Jaafar al-Nimeiry">Jaafar al-Nimeiry</a> behöll sedan makten fram till år 1985 då han avsattes. Under al-Nimeirys tid vid makten utvecklades en hård diktatur med muslimska sharialagar. Inbördeskriget blossade åter upp år 1983. Efter att al-Nimeiry avsatts hölls ett parlamentsval år 1986 som vanns av Ummah-partiet och Sadiq Al-Mahdi tillträdde som premiärminister. Efter ännu en militärkupp år 1989 avsattes premiärministern, och <a href="/wiki/Omar_Hassan_Ahmad_al-Bashir" class="mw-redirect" title="Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir">Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir</a> tog makten.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-35"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inbördeskriget mellan norra och södra Sudan upphörde efter fredsförhandlingar år 2005, men samtidigt som förhandlingarna pågick blossade ett nytt inbördeskrig, <a href="/wiki/Darfurkonflikten" title="Darfurkonflikten">Darfurkonflikten</a>, upp som kommit att handla om kontrollen över vatten, olja och resurser. Under år 2004 och 2005 var även Tchad inblandade i konflikten. År 2005 slöts ett fredsavtal och år 2007 gick <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renta_nationerna" title="Förenta nationerna">FN</a> in med sin styrka och kompletterade Afrikanska unionens styrka som redan fanns på plats.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-36"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-35"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/Folkomr%C3%B6stningen_om_sj%C3%A4lvst%C3%A4ndighet_i_Sydsudan" title="Folkomröstningen om självständighet i Sydsudan">folkomröstning om självständighet i Sydsudan</a> hölls i <a href="/wiki/Januari" title="Januari">januari</a> 2011 och 98,83 procent röstade då för en delning.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Striderna fortsatte dock och i juni 2011 pågick fortfarande strider i gränsområdet Abyei med runt 100 dödsfall.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Samtidigt undertecknades <a href="/wiki/Dohaavtalet" title="Dohaavtalet">Dohaavtalet</a> som garanterade regionen <a href="/wiki/Darfur" title="Darfur">Darfur</a> viss autonomi, mot att ingen folkomröstning om självständighet skulle hållas där.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-36"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den 21 juni 2011 gjordes en överenskommelse mellan de blivande grannländerna i norra och södra Sudan om att upprätta en demilitariserad zon i ett gränsområde.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiska_v%C3%A5ren" class="mw-redirect" title="Den arabiska våren">den arabiska våren</a> spred sig protesterna till Sudan.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I februari 2011 greps en oppositionsledare och unga i norra Sudan genomförde ett antal protester mot stigande matpriser och brott mot mänskliga rättigheter.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Den 9 juli 2011 delades Sudan upp i två stater då södra delen av landet utropade sig som en självständig stat med namnet <a href="/wiki/Sydsudan" title="Sydsudan">Sydsudan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Efter Sydsudans frigörelse från Sudan, fortsatte dock gerillans strider mot Sudans armé i delstaterna Södra Kordofan och <a href="/wiki/An-Nil_al-Azraq" title="An-Nil al-Azraq">Blå Nilen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I april 2019 genomförde militären en kupp och tvingade president <a href="/wiki/Omar_al-Bashir" title="Omar al-Bashir">Omar al-Bashir</a> att lämna ifrån sig makten.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> al-Bashir hade då lett Sudan i 30 år efter att han år 1989 tagit makten i en militärkupp som avsatte den demokratiskt valde presidenten Sadiq al-Mahdi. År 1993 tillträdde al-Bashir som president. al-Bashir var efterlyst av internationella brottmålsdomstolen (ICC) misstänkt för krigsförbrytelser och folkmord i regionen <a href="/wiki/Darfur" title="Darfur">Darfur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I december 2020 tog <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a> bort Sudan från sin lista över länder som stödjer terrorism. Som en del av avtalet hade Sudan betalat 335 miljoner dollar, då motsvarande 3 miljarder kronor, för att kompensera amerikanska offer och deras anhöriga, efter två terrordåd där hundratals personer dödades i bombattentat mot USA:s ambassader år 1998, samt en attack mot den amerikanska jagaren USS Cole utanför Jemens kust år 2000. Beslutet om att lyfta sanktionerna innebar att Sudan, som befann sig i ekonomisk kris, bland annat kunde söka internationella lån och skuldlättnader.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Efter att al-Bashir avsattes 2019 påbörjade landet något som var planerat att bli en övergångsperiod med blandat civilt och militärt styre fram till år 2022. Under perioden skulle landet ledas enligt en tillfällig konstitution av ett suveränitetsråd.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-47"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I oktober 2021 skedde dock en militärkupp och det planerade valet år 2022 flyttades fram och planerades till år 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den militärjunta som tog vid i oktober 2021 leddes av general Abdel Fattahal-Burhan och general Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo vilka till en börja lovade att dela makten under en övergång mot ett demokratiskt Sudan. En maktkamp mellan de två generalerna om det militära styret urartade i våldsamheter 15 april 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Geografi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Sudan_-_Location_Map_(2011)_-_SDN_-_UNOCHA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Sudan_-_Location_Map_%282011%29_-_SDN_-_UNOCHA.svg/250px-Sudan_-_Location_Map_%282011%29_-_SDN_-_UNOCHA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Sudan_-_Location_Map_%282011%29_-_SDN_-_UNOCHA.svg/375px-Sudan_-_Location_Map_%282011%29_-_SDN_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Sudan_-_Location_Map_%282011%29_-_SDN_-_UNOCHA.svg/500px-Sudan_-_Location_Map_%282011%29_-_SDN_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="254" data-file-height="254" /></a><figcaption>Karta över Sudan efter delningen från Sydsudan år 2011.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topografi">Topografi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Topografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Topografi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stora delar av Sudan utgörs av ett par hundra meter högt <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A4cken_(geografi)" title="Bäcken (geografi)">bäckenområde</a> täckt av sand- och klippöknar. Landets höglandsområden finns huvudsakligen nära landets gränser mot Tchad men även mot Etiopien, och mot Tchad finns även unga vulkaner. </p><p>I östra Sudan finns lerslätter och i norr finns <a href="/wiki/Nubiska_%C3%B6knen" title="Nubiska öknen">nubiska öknen</a> och dess torrområden. Mot Röda havet finns en smal kustslätt och innanför den reser sig förkastningsbranter upp till 2 200 m.ö.h.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrografi">Hydrografi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Hydrografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Hydrografi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Landskapet präglas av <a href="/wiki/Nilen" title="Nilen">Nilen</a>, som i flera grenar flyter från söder mot norr; <a href="/wiki/Vita_Nilen" title="Vita Nilen">Vita Nilen</a> från <a href="/wiki/Sydsudan" title="Sydsudan">Sydsudan</a> och <a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A5_Nilen" title="Blå Nilen">Blå Nilen</a> från <a href="/wiki/Etiopien" title="Etiopien">Etiopiens</a> högländer.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klimat">Klimat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Klimat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Klimat"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Klimatet i Sudan växlar från <a href="/wiki/%C3%96kenklimat" class="mw-redirect" title="Ökenklimat">ökenklimat</a> i nordväst, <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A4ppklimat" class="mw-redirect" title="Stäppklimat">stäppklimat</a> i nordöst, till <a href="/wiki/Savannklimat" class="mw-redirect" title="Savannklimat">savannklimat</a> i söder. </p><p>Medeltemperaturen varierar mellan 23 °C och 34 °C, men är lägre i högländerna där temperaturen kan falla under 20 °C i januari och februari. </p><p>I norr är den årliga nederbörden nästan obefintlig, men i mellersta och södra delarna av landet infaller dock regnperiod under sommarhalvåret.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Växt-_och_djurliv"><span id="V.C3.A4xt-_och_djurliv"></span>Växt- och djurliv</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Växt- och djurliv" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Växt- och djurliv"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Animal_closures_(2)_(33791759704).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Animal_closures_%282%29_%2833791759704%29.jpg/250px-Animal_closures_%282%29_%2833791759704%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Animal_closures_%282%29_%2833791759704%29.jpg/375px-Animal_closures_%282%29_%2833791759704%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Animal_closures_%282%29_%2833791759704%29.jpg/500px-Animal_closures_%282%29_%2833791759704%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3740" data-file-height="2805" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p>I norra delen av landet, där det är öken, består vegetationen nästan enbart av ettåriga arter. De södra delarna består av savanner och halvöken med buskage och enstaka lövfällande träd. Savannerna domineras av gräs, <a href="/wiki/Akacior" class="mw-redirect" title="Akacior">akacior</a> och <a href="/wiki/Kaprisv%C3%A4xter" title="Kaprisväxter">kaprisväxter</a>. Vid kusten längs Röda havet finns bland annat <a href="/wiki/Mangrove" title="Mangrove">mangrove</a> och <a href="/wiki/Verbenav%C3%A4xter" title="Verbenaväxter">verbenaväxter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Djurlivet är anpassat till de olika klimatzonerna. Norra Sudans djurliv påminner om <a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten">Egyptens</a>, men det kompletteras av bland annat vilda <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4lar" title="Sälar">sälar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oryx" title="Oryx">oryx</a> och flera arter <a href="/wiki/Gaseller" title="Gaseller">gaseller</a>. På den sudanska savannen finns <a href="/wiki/Elefanter" title="Elefanter">elefanter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giraffer" title="Giraffer">giraffer</a> och <a href="/wiki/Lejon" title="Lejon">lejon</a>, även om fått deras population har minskat, och där finns också flera olika apor bland annat <a href="/wiki/Anubisbabian" title="Anubisbabian">anubisbabian</a> och <a href="/wiki/Husarapa" title="Husarapa">husarapa</a>. Fler än 1 000 fågelarter har observerats i landet, även om vissa arter är besökare från <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> och <a href="/wiki/Asien" title="Asien">Asien</a>. I de större vattendragen finns både <a href="/wiki/Nilkrokodil" title="Nilkrokodil">nilkrokodil</a> och <a href="/wiki/Flodh%C3%A4st" title="Flodhäst">flodhäst</a>. Det finns gott om <a href="/wiki/Myggor" title="Myggor">mygg</a> och <a href="/wiki/Flugor" title="Flugor">flugor</a> och i södra delen av Sudan förekommer även <a href="/wiki/Tsetseflugor" title="Tsetseflugor">tsetseflugan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naturskydd">Naturskydd</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Redigera avsnitt: Naturskydd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Naturskydd"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Några av Sudans miljöproblem är vattenföroreningar vilket ger en otillräcklig tillgång på dricksvatten. Dessutom råder vattenbrist samt periodisk torka. Vilda djurpopulationer hotas av omfattande jakt. Det är även problem med jorderosion, ökenspridning, avskogning samt förlust av biologisk mångfald.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>År 2012 fanns fyra nationalparker i Sudan.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Styre_och_politik">Styre och politik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Redigera avsnitt: Styre och politik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Styre och politik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Konstitution_och_styre">Konstitution och styre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Redigera avsnitt: Konstitution och styre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Konstitution och styre"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sudan har en tillfällig konstitution som gäller tills att den upphävs eller ändras efter övergångsperioden 2019–2022.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-47"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Det politiska systemet är ett resultat av revolutionen under åren 2018–2019, då president Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir avsattes och en övergångsperiod 2019–2022 inleddes. Under övergångsperioden har landet ingen president utan leds istället av ett suveränitetsråd bestående av elva medlemmar. Enligt den tillfälliga konstitutionen, som ersätter den tidigare tillfälliga konstitutionen från år 2005, är landet en oberoende, suverän, demokratisk, parlamentarisk, pluralistisk, decentraliserad stat. Den tillfälliga konstitutionen undertecknades den 4 augusti 2019 av det militära övergångsrådet och Forces for Freedom and Change, vilka är de två viktigaste partierna som bildades i samband med revolutionen.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-47"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Efter militärkuppen hösten 2021 bildade militären ett nytt suveränitetsråd. Detta leds av en general och där inkluderas inte några medlemmar från Forces of Freedom and Change. Detta suveränitetsråd saknar också deras stöd liksom det saknar stöd från många andra civil grupper och politiska partier.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-51"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrativ_indelning">Administrativ indelning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Redigera avsnitt: Administrativ indelning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Administrativ indelning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Northern_Sudan_states_numbered.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Northern_Sudan_states_numbered.svg/250px-Northern_Sudan_states_numbered.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Northern_Sudan_states_numbered.svg/375px-Northern_Sudan_states_numbered.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Northern_Sudan_states_numbered.svg/500px-Northern_Sudan_states_numbered.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1593" data-file-height="1411" /></a><figcaption>Stater i Sudan. Lägg märke till <a href="/wiki/Hala%27ibtriangeln" title="Hala&#39;ibtriangeln">Hala'ibtriangeln</a> som har varit under egyptisk administration sedan år 2000. Både Sudan och Egypten gör anspråk på den.</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd><div class="noprint"><i>Detta avsnitt är en sammanfattning av <a href="/wiki/Sudans_delstater" title="Sudans delstater">Sudans delstater</a>.</i></div></dd></dl> <p>Sudan är sedan 2011 indelat i 18 delstater (<i>wilayat</i>): </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A5_Nilen" title="Blå Nilen">Blå Nilen</a>, Centrala Darfur, Östra Darfur, <a href="/wiki/Gedaref" class="mw-redirect" title="Gedaref">Gedaref</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gezira" title="Gezira">Gezira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kassala" title="Kassala">Kassala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khartoum" title="Khartoum">Khartoum</a>, Norra Darfur, Norra Kordofan, Norra, Röda havet, Floden Nilen, <a href="/wiki/Sennar" title="Sennar">Sennar</a>, Södra Darfur, Södra Kordofan, Västra Darfur, Västra Kordofan, Vita Nilen.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I oktober 2020 undertecknades ett fredsavtal i ett försök att lösa <a href="/wiki/Darfurkonflikten" title="Darfurkonflikten">Darfurkonflikten</a> och detta inkluderade ett protokoll för att omstrukturera landets 18 provinser/stater till åtta regioner. Bland annat ska Darfur, som sedan år 1994 varit uppdelade i flera regioner, i framtiden vara en enad region.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-52"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Varje delstat administreras av en guvernör.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-51"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politik">Politik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Redigera avsnitt: Politik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Politik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sedan självständigheten har politiken dominerats av konflikter mellan norra och södra Sudan och av Darfurkonflikten. Flera militärkupper har skett och rättssystemet och styret har i stor utsträckning varit auktoritärt och islamiserat. När övergångsregimen tog över år 2019 hystes hopp om en positiv utveckling i landet då bland annat flera kontroversiella lagar upphävdes, förbud mot könsstympning infördes och det meddelades att demokratiska val skulle hållas inom några år.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-52"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-23"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rättsväsen"><span id="R.C3.A4ttsv.C3.A4sen"></span>Rättsväsen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Redigera avsnitt: Rättsväsen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Rättsväsen"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Efter överenskommelsen om den tillfälliga ledningen av landet, styrs rättsväsendet av det högsta rättsliga rådet. Detta råd ska välja president och författningsdomstolens ledamöter, samt dessutom välja ordförande och domare i Högsta domstolen.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-47"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den traditionella lagstiftningen har en viktig roll i både norra och södra Sudan. De civila domstolarna hanterar civila brott och de militära domstolarna hanterar brott mot militära lagar då dessa begås av armén, polisen eller säkerhetstjänsten.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_47-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-47"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Även om ett maktskifte skedde i landet under slutet av 2010-talet, kvarstår i början av 2020-talet mycket arbete tills Sudan får ett oberoende rättsväsen. Övergångsregeringen har under slutet av 2010-talet meddelat avsikt att reformera rättssystemet så att det följer internationella standarder.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-53"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internationella_relationer">Internationella relationer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Redigera avsnitt: Internationella relationer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Internationella relationer"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Efter att Sydsudan år 2011 blev en självständig stat, har relationerna länderna emellan varit frostig även om de är ömsesidigt beroende av varandra bland annat på grund av oljeproduktion och transport av oljan. Både FN och <a href="/wiki/Afrikanska_unionen" title="Afrikanska unionen">Afrikanska unionen</a> har varit inblandade i försöken att hitta en lösning.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sudan suspenderas i tre månader efter 2019 års militärkupp från Afrikanska unionen. Efter en ny militärkupp i oktober 2021 suspenderas landet återigen.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> År 2020 avslutades FN:s och Afrikanska unionens gemensamma militära insats, <a href="/wiki/UNAMID" class="mw-redirect" title="UNAMID">UNAMID</a>, i Sudan efter att ha funnits I landet sen år 2007. Därefter övergick de internationella insatserna i landet i en ny fas.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>År 2022 hade Sudan engagemang och medlemskap i följande internationella organisationer: ABEDA, <a href="/wiki/ACP" class="mw-redirect" title="ACP">ACP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afrikanska_utvecklingsbanken" title="Afrikanska utvecklingsbanken">Afrikanska utvecklingsbanken</a>, AFESD, AMF, <a href="/wiki/Afrikanska_unionen" title="Afrikanska unionen">Afrikanska unionen</a>, CAEU, <a href="/wiki/COMESA" class="mw-redirect" title="COMESA">COMESA</a>, <a href="/wiki/FN:s_livsmedels-_och_jordbruksorganisation" title="FN:s livsmedels- och jordbruksorganisation">FN:s livsmedels- och jordbruksorganisation- FAO</a>, G-77, <a href="/wiki/Internationella_atomenergiorganet" title="Internationella atomenergiorganet">Internationella atomenergiorganet</a>, IBRD, <a href="/wiki/Internationella_civila_luftfartsorganisationen" title="Internationella civila luftfartsorganisationen">ICAO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internationella_brottm%C3%A5lsdomstolen" title="Internationella brottmålsdomstolen">Internationella brottmålsdomstolen (ICC)</a>, ICRM, IDA, IDB, <a href="/wiki/Internationella_fonden_f%C3%B6r_jordbruksutveckling" title="Internationella fonden för jordbruksutveckling">Internationella fonden för jordbruksutveckling</a>, IFC, IFRCS, <a href="/wiki/IGAD" class="mw-redirect" title="IGAD">IGAD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internationella_arbetsorganisationen" title="Internationella arbetsorganisationen">Internationella arbetsorganisationen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internationella_valutafonden" title="Internationella valutafonden">Internationella valutafonden</a>, IMO, <a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a>, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renta_nationerna" title="Förenta nationerna">Förenta nationerna</a>, <a href="/wiki/FN:s_konferens_om_handel_och_utveckling" title="FN:s konferens om handel och utveckling">FN:s konferens om handel och utveckling (UNCTAD)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unesco" title="Unesco">UNESCO</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNHCR" class="mw-redirect" title="UNHCR">UNHCR</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNIDO" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIDO">UNIDO</a>, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rldsturismorganisationen" title="Världsturismorganisationen">Världsturismorganisationen (UNWTO)</a>, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rldsh%C3%A4lsoorganisationen" title="Världshälsoorganisationen">Världshälsoorganisationen</a>, WIPO, <a href="/wiki/WMO" class="mw-redirect" title="WMO">WMO</a>, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rldshandelsorganisationen" title="Världshandelsorganisationen">Världshandelsorganisationen</a> (observatörsland).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomi_och_infrastruktur">Ekonomi och infrastruktur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18" title="Redigera avsnitt: Ekonomi och infrastruktur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Ekonomi och infrastruktur"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Näringsliv"><span id="N.C3.A4ringsliv"></span>Näringsliv</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19" title="Redigera avsnitt: Näringsliv" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Näringsliv"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Statistik">Statistik</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20" title="Redigera avsnitt: Statistik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Statistik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Sektor </th> <th>Andel av BNP </th> <th>Andel av arbetskraften </th></tr> <tr> <td>Jordbruk </td> <td align="right">39,6&#160;% (2017)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">80&#160;% (1998)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Industri </td> <td align="right">2,6&#160;% (2017)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">7&#160;% (1998)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Service </td> <td align="right">57,8&#160;% (2017)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">13&#160;% (1998)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Energi_och_råvaror"><span id="Energi_och_r.C3.A5varor"></span>Energi och råvaror</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=21" title="Redigera avsnitt: Energi och råvaror" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Energi och råvaror"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>År 2019 hade 47&#160;% av befolkningen tillgång till elektricitet, och i urbana områden var tillgången högre än på landsbygden. </p><p>År 2016 kunde Sudan sörja för sin egen elförbrukning, men ingen energi exporterades. Samma år producerades 44&#160;% av energin av fossila bränslen, 51&#160;% kom från vattenkraft och resterande från andra förnybara energikällor.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Landets naturtillgångar är bland annat <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a>, mindre mängder <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rnmalm" title="Järnmalm">järnmalm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koppar" title="Koppar">koppar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krom" title="Krom">krommalm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zink" title="Zink">zink</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram">volfram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glimmer" title="Glimmer">glimmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guld" title="Guld">guld</a> och <a href="/wiki/Vattenkraft" title="Vattenkraft">vattenkraft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alla mineralfyndigheter är dock inte exploaterade. År 2022 inkluderade de oexploaterade mineralerna <a href="/wiki/Guld" title="Guld">guld</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uran" title="Uran">uran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kromit" title="Kromit">kromit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gips" title="Gips">gips</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glimmer" title="Glimmer">glimmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marmor" title="Marmor">marmor</a> och <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rnmalm" title="Järnmalm">järnmalm</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-51"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Industri">Industri</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=22" title="Redigera avsnitt: Industri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Industri"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sudans industri är år 2022 relativt liten och består i huvudsak av tillverkning och gruvdrift. </p><p>Landets industri domineras av bearbetning av livsmedelsprodukter. Sockerraffinering är en av de större verksamheterna, vilket även produktionen av vegetabilisk olja och tvål, rensning av bomull och produktion av bomullstextilier är. </p><p>Övrig industri består bland annat av oljeraffinering samt tillverkning av skor, kemiska gödningsmedel och cement. Många fabriker är dock underutnyttjade och har en betydligt större kapacitet än vad som faktiskt nyttjas.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_51-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-51"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastruktur">Infrastruktur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=23" title="Redigera avsnitt: Infrastruktur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Infrastruktur"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Transporter">Transporter</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=24" title="Redigera avsnitt: Transporter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Transporter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="font-style:italic; ;"> <dl><dd>Se även&#58; <a href="/wiki/Sudan_Airways" title="Sudan Airways">Sudan Airways</a></dd></dl></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Transportnät </th> <th>Antal </th> <th>Varav </th></tr> <tr> <td>Flygplatser </td> <td align="right">67 st (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">17 är asfalterade<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Järnväg </td> <td align="right">7251 km (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vägnät </td> <td align="right">31000 km (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">8000 km är asfalterade<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table><p>Transportsystemet är underutvecklat och var i början av 2020-talet ett allvarligt hinder för ekonomisk tillväxt. Eftersom Sudan endast har ett större utlopp till havet är belastningen på övriga transportnät kraftig, i synnerhet på de statligt ägda järnvägarna och vägnätet.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_51-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-51"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fram till 1980-talet användes i första hand järnvägen för att transportera varor, men under 1970- och 1980-talet gjordes stora investeringar i vägnätet samtidigt som järnvägens infrastruktur försummades vilket ledde till att allt mer varor transporterades med lastbilar och andra motorfordon.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_51-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-51"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vägnätet består av både asfalterade och oasfalterade vägar, men större delen av vägnätet är oasfalterat. Port Sudan, söder om Suez, Egypten, är landets största hamn vid Röda havet.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_51-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-51"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Post,_telefoni_och_Internet"><span id="Post.2C_telefoni_och_Internet"></span>Post, telefoni och Internet</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=25" title="Redigera avsnitt: Post, telefoni och Internet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Post, telefoni och Internet"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ungefär 30&#160;% av Sudans befolkning har tillgång till Internet. Internetanvändarna finns företrädesvis bland den yngre generationen, och framförallt bland den urbana befolkningen. Internetanvändningen har ansetts vara viktig för landets väg mot demokratisering och för att den tidigare al-Bashir regimen störtades.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-59"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Utbildning_och_forskning">Utbildning och forskning</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=26" title="Redigera avsnitt: Utbildning och forskning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Utbildning och forskning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>År 2018 var ungefär 61&#160;% av befolkningen över 15 år läs- och skrivkunniga, och andelen bland män var högre än andelen bland kvinnor.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Grundskolan är i regel gratis och obligatorisk med start från sex års ålder. Grundskolan är åtta år och sekundärskolan är tre år.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-60"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I ungefär hälften av skolorna är undervisningen för flickor och pojkar separata.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-60"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sjukvård,_andra_viktiga_samhällstjänster"><span id="Sjukv.C3.A5rd.2C_andra_viktiga_samh.C3.A4llstj.C3.A4nster"></span>Sjukvård, andra viktiga samhällstjänster</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=27" title="Redigera avsnitt: Sjukvård, andra viktiga samhällstjänster" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Sjukvård, andra viktiga samhällstjänster"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>År 2019 lades 4,6&#160;% av BNP på sjukvården.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I mitten på 1970-talet påbörjade hälsoministeriet ett program för att öka tillgängligheten till primärvård i landet, och fokus skulle då ligga på förebyggande medicin. </p><p>Programmet stötte dock på 1990-talet på problem i form av resursbrist liksom införandet av en diversifierad hälsovård där ansvaret skulle delas mellan statlig, federal och lokal nivå. </p><p>Tillgängligheten till hälso- och sjukvård är i hög grad beroende av var man befinner sig, då landets fåtaliga läkare är koncentrerade till storstäder och större sjukhus.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_51-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-51"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Befolkning">Befolkning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=28" title="Redigera avsnitt: Befolkning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Befolkning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demografi">Demografi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=29" title="Redigera avsnitt: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=29" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Demografi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Statistik_2">Statistik</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=30" title="Redigera avsnitt: Statistik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=30" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Statistik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r53696904"><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:3px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background:#ddddff;">Sudans demografi</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Sudanese_In_Misrata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Sudanese_In_Misrata.jpg/250px-Sudanese_In_Misrata.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Sudanese_In_Misrata.jpg/375px-Sudanese_In_Misrata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Sudanese_In_Misrata.jpg/500px-Sudanese_In_Misrata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="552" data-file-height="368" /></a></span> </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Folkmängd</th><td class="" style="">46 751 152 (2021 est.)</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Befolkningsförändring</th><td class="" style="">2,55&#160;% (2021 est.)</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6delsetal" class="mw-redirect" title="Födelsetal">Födelsetal</a></th><td class="" style="">33,63 födslar/1000 invånare (2021 est.)</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6dstal" class="mw-redirect" title="Dödstal">Dödstal</a></th><td class="" style="">6,41 dödsfall/1000 invånare (2021 est.)</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Summerad_fruktsamhet" class="mw-redirect" title="Summerad fruktsamhet">Summerad fruktsamhet</a></th><td class="" style="">4,66 barn/kvinna (2021 est.)</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A4dbarnsd%C3%B6dlighet" title="Spädbarnsdödlighet">Spädbarnsdödlighet</a></th><td class="" style="">43,15 dödsfall/1000 levande födslar (2021 est.)</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Migrationsnetto</th><td class="" style="">-1,71 migranter/1000 invånare (2021 est.)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddddff;">Åldersfördelning</th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">0–14 år</th><td class="" style="">42,01&#160;% (2020)</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">15–64 år</th><td class="" style="">54,96&#160;% (2020)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background:#ddddff;">Könsfördelning</th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Total könsfördelning</th><td class="" style="">1,01 män/kvinna (2020 est.)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddddff;">Etnicitet</th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Majoritetsbefolkning</th><td class="" style="">Sudanesiska araber 70&#160;% (2021)</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Etniska minoriteter</th><td class="" style="">fur, beja, nuba och fallata</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddddff;">Språk</th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Officiella språk</th><td class="" style="">Arabiska och engelska</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Talade språk</th><td class="" style="">Arabiska, engelska, nubiska, ta bedawie och fur</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" class="">Källa: <a href="/wiki/World_Factbook" class="mw-redirect" title="World Factbook">World Factbook</a> (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Befolkningstätheten i Sudan är som helhet låg och i norra Sudan är befolkningen främst koncentrerad till Nildalen. Befolkningstätheten är högre i södra Sudan, där vegetationen är rikare och tillgången till vatten högre. Större bosättningsområden finns runt Khartoum, sydost mellan floderna Blå och Vita Nilen, och genom hela södra Darfur.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Minoriteter">Minoriteter</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=31" title="Redigera avsnitt: Minoriteter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=31" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Minoriteter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="font-style:italic; ;"> <dl><dd>Se även&#58; <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Etniska_grupper_i_Sudan" title="Kategori:Etniska grupper i Sudan">Kategori:Etniska grupper i Sudan</a></dd></dl></div> <p>År 2021 beräknades ungefär 70 procent av befolkningen vara sudanesiska araber. Övriga folkgrupper är <a href="/wiki/Fur_(folkgrupp)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fur (folkgrupp)">fur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beja_(folk)" title="Beja (folk)">beja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nubaner" title="Nubaner">nuba</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fallata&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fallata [inte skriven än]">fallata</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Folkgruppen fur har bott i Sudan i tusentals år och då företrädesvis i området runt <a href="/wiki/Darfur" title="Darfur">Darfur</a>. Darfur betyder "Furernas hemland" och har fått sitt namn efter folkgruppen. År 2019 utgjorde fur cirka 70 procent av befolkningen i Darfur. Fur har också ett eget språk med samma namn. De är huvudsakligen <a href="/wiki/Muslimer" title="Muslimer">muslimer</a> men har behållit pre-muslimska traditioner. De kan delas in i tre huvudgrupper: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kunjara&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kunjara [inte skriven än]">kunjara</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunjara&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunjara [inte skriven än]">tunjara</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daju_(folk)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daju (folk) [inte skriven än]">daju</a>. </p><p>Folkgruppen beja, även stavad beri, är även den indelad i undergrupper, där den största är <a href="/wiki/Zaghawa" title="Zaghawa">zaghawa</a>. De har traditionellt varit nomader som rört sig mellan <a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">Tchad</a> och Sudan.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-52"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Migration">Migration</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=32" title="Redigera avsnitt: Migration" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=32" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Migration"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sudan har haft långvariga flyktingproblem. Redan 2005, efter att inbördeskriget mellan norra och södra Sudan officiellt avslutats genom ett fredsavtal, fanns hundratusentals sudaneser i flyktingläger i närliggande länder, till det ska räknas alla internflyktingar som fortsatt befann sig i Sudan.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-61"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>År 2019 fanns 1,8 miljoner internflyktingar i Sudan, dessutom fanns samma år mer än en miljon flyktingar från andra länder i Sudan.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-61"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Språk"><span id="Spr.C3.A5k"></span>Språk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=33" title="Redigera avsnitt: Språk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=33" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Språk"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Engelska" title="Engelska">Engelska</a> och <a href="/wiki/Arabiska" title="Arabiska">arabiska</a> är officiella språk. Andra talade språk är bland annat <a href="/wiki/Nubiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Nubiska språk">nubiska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beja_(folk)" title="Beja (folk)">ta bedawie</a> och fur.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Totalt talas över 30 språk tillhörande tre olika språkfamiljer i Sudan.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arabiskan tillhör den afroasiatiska språkfamiljen och dominerar i landets norra delar, medan kushitiska beja (ta bedawie) talas vid kusten. <a href="/wiki/Omotiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Omotiska språk">Omotiska språk</a> talas främst i sydöst vid gränsen mot Etiopien. <a href="/wiki/Nilo-sahariska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Nilo-sahariska språk">Nilo-sahariska</a> språk, dit även <a href="/wiki/Nubiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Nubiska språk">nubiskan</a> hör, dominerar i söder och har ett stort språkkomplex. <a href="/wiki/Bantuspr%C3%A5k" title="Bantuspråk">Bantuspråk</a> talas främst längst i sydöst.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=34" title="Redigera avsnitt: Religion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=34" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Religion"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="font-style:italic; ;"> <dl><dd>Se även&#58; <a href="/wiki/Sudans_episkopalkyrka" title="Sudans episkopalkyrka">Sudans episkopalkyrka</a></dd></dl></div> <p>Majoriteten av befolkningen är <a href="/wiki/Sunnimuslimer" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunnimuslimer">sunnimuslimer</a>, men det finns också en kristen minoritet15%.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sociala_förhållanden"><span id="Sociala_f.C3.B6rh.C3.A5llanden"></span>Sociala förhållanden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=35" title="Redigera avsnitt: Sociala förhållanden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=35" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Sociala förhållanden"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>År 2020 kriminaliserades <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nsstympning" title="Könsstympning">könsstympning</a> och nästan 90&#160;% av kvinnorna var då könsstympade. <a href="/wiki/Barn%C3%A4ktenskap" title="Barnäktenskap">Barnäktenskap</a> och sexuellt våld är mycket vanligt. Situationen försvåras av lagstiftning samt traditionella och religiösa värderingar.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Enligt UNICEF ansåg 53&#160;% av kvinnorna i åldern 15-49 år i början av 2020-talet att kvinnlig könsstympning är en tradition som ska avslutas.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I slutet av 2010-talet förekom fortfarande <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4nniskohandel" title="Människohandel">människohandel</a>, och <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6dsstraff" title="Dödsstraff">dödsstraff</a> kunde utdelas för <a href="/wiki/Homosexualitet" title="Homosexualitet">homosexualitet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-53"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hälsa"><span id="H.C3.A4lsa"></span>Hälsa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=36" title="Redigera avsnitt: Hälsa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=36" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Hälsa"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="font-style:italic; ;"> <dl><dd>Se även&#58; <a href="/wiki/Hiv_och_aids_i_Afrika" title="Hiv och aids i Afrika">Hiv och aids i Afrika</a></dd></dl></div> <p>År 2020 beräknades 0,2&#160;% av befolkningen vara smittad av <a href="/wiki/HIV" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV">hiv</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Aids" title="Aids">aids</a> vilket motsvarade 49 000 personer. Samma år beräknas 2300 personer ha avlidit i aids.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>År 2014 beräknades 33&#160;% av alla barn under fem år vara underviktiga.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultur">Kultur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=37" title="Redigera avsnitt: Kultur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=37" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Kultur"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Massmedia">Massmedia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=38" title="Redigera avsnitt: Massmedia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=38" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Massmedia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>År 2003 upphävdes officiellt presscensuren i Sudan, trots det har mediecensuren fortsatt.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-59"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Press_och_förlag"><span id="Press_och_f.C3.B6rlag"></span>Press och förlag</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=39" title="Redigera avsnitt: Press och förlag" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=39" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Press och förlag"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I Sudan ges ett 20-tal tidningar ut och dessa utges på engelska och arabiska. Antalet sålda tidningar minskar stadigt samtidigt som priserna för dessa ökar.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-59"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Radio_och_television">Radio och television</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=40" title="Redigera avsnitt: Radio och television" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=40" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Radio och television"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I Sudan finns ett flertal tv- och radiokanaler, både statliga och privata. I det fattiga Sudan är radio fortsatt den primära källan till informationsinhämtning och landet nås av både sudanesiska och utländska nyhetssändningar. Dessa rapporterar ofta om politiska nyheter och pågående strider.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_59-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-59"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Konstarter">Konstarter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=41" title="Redigera avsnitt: Konstarter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=41" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Konstarter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Musik_och_dans">Musik och dans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=42" title="Redigera avsnitt: Musik och dans" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=42" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Musik och dans"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Före militärkuppen år 1989 sändes landets musik, via radio, ut till andra länder och således kom Sudans arabiska musik att bli stilbildande på Afrikas horn. De sufiska ordnarna har alla egna musik- och danstraditioner, men gemensamt är att det muslimska inflytandet är starkt.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sång och dans ackompanjeras av trummor och cymbaler. Folkgrupperna i den södra delen av Sudan har en större bredd av instrument som till exempel xylofoner, flöjter, trumpeter och lyror.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Arkitektur">Arkitektur</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=43" title="Redigera avsnitt: Arkitektur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=43" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Arkitektur"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ruiner av pyramider, tempel och palats från antikens kungarike Kush finns i öknen i Sudans norra delar. Dessa ruiner är numera världsarv.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditioner">Traditioner</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=44" title="Redigera avsnitt: Traditioner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=44" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Traditioner"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Helgdagar_och_högtider"><span id="Helgdagar_och_h.C3.B6gtider"></span>Helgdagar och högtider</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=45" title="Redigera avsnitt: Helgdagar och högtider" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=45" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Helgdagar och högtider"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I Sudan firas både muslimska högtider, så som&#160;ʿĪd al-Aḍḥā,&#160;ʿĪd al-Fiṭr&#160;och profeten Muhammeds födelsedag, och kristna högtider, såsom jul&#160;och&#160;påsk. Utöver dessa firas även självständighetsdagen 1 januari samt <i>National Salvation Revolution Day</i>, 30 juni.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-23"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Matkultur">Matkultur</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=46" title="Redigera avsnitt: Matkultur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=46" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Matkultur"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I södra delen av Sudan äts ofta fisk. En vanlig grönsak är bondbönor och bröd bakas ofta på durra eller majs medan gröt görs av vete eller hirs. Soppa är en vanlig maträtt liksom olika stuvningar och grönsaksröror.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kultursymboler_och_viktiga_personligheter">Kultursymboler och viktiga personligheter</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=47" title="Redigera avsnitt: Kultursymboler och viktiga personligheter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=47" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Kultursymboler och viktiga personligheter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="font-style:italic; ;"> <dl><dd>Se även&#58; <a href="/wiki/Sudans_flagga" title="Sudans flagga">Sudans flagga</a>&#32;och&#32;<a href="/wiki/Sudans_riksvapen" title="Sudans riksvapen">Sudans riksvapen</a></dd></dl></div> <p>I Sudan finns tre världsarv varav två är kulturella och ett är en nationalpark. Dessa är: <a href="/wiki/Mero%C3%AB" title="Meroë">Arkeologiska platser på ön Meroe</a> som listades år 2011, <a href="/wiki/Gebel_Barkal" title="Gebel Barkal">Gebel Barkal</a> och platserna i Napatan-regionen som listades år 2003 samt Sanganeb Marina Nationalpark och Dungonab Bay – Mukkawar Island Marina National Park som listades som ett världsarv år 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Emtithal_Mahmoud" title="Emtithal Mahmoud">Emtithal Mahmoud</a> är världsmästare i <a href="/wiki/Poetry_slam" title="Poetry slam">slampoesi</a> och ambassadör för UNHCR.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Idrott">Idrott</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=48" title="Redigera avsnitt: Idrott" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=48" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Idrott"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="font-style:italic; ;"> <dl><dd>Se även&#58; <a href="/wiki/Sudans_fotbollsf%C3%B6rbund" title="Sudans fotbollsförbund">Sudans fotbollsförbund</a>,&#32;<a href="/wiki/Sudan_i_olympiska_spelen" title="Sudan i olympiska spelen">Sudan i olympiska spelen</a>&#32;och&#32;<a href="/wiki/Sudans_Davis_Cup-lag" title="Sudans Davis Cup-lag">Sudans Davis Cup-lag</a></dd></dl></div> <p>Fotboll en nationalsport och den enskilt största sporten i Sudan, och det finns fotbollsklubbar i hela landet. Under 1950- och 1960-talet dominerade Sudan och Egypten den afrikanska fotbollen. År 1957 var Sudan en av grundarna av African Football Confederation (CAF) och år 1970 vann Sudan Afrikacupen.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-23"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den nationella olympiska kommittén bildades år 1956 och erkändes av Internationella olympiska kommittén år 1959. Därefter har framgång rönts i bland annat Olympiska spelen i Peking 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-23"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Basketboll och friidrott är populärt, liksom löpning.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internationella_rankningar">Internationella rankningar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=49" title="Redigera avsnitt: Internationella rankningar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=49" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Internationella rankningar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Organisation </th> <th>Undersökning </th> <th>Rankning </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Foundation" title="Heritage Foundation">Heritage Foundation</a>/<i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heritage.org/index/country/sudan">Index of Economic Freedom 2019</a> </td> <td>166 av 180 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Reportrar_utan_gr%C3%A4nser" title="Reportrar utan gränser">Reportrar utan gränser</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsf.org/en/sudan">Pressfrihetsindex 2019</a> </td> <td>175 av 180 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Transparency_International" title="Transparency International">Transparency International</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.transparency.org/cpi2018">Korruptionsindex 2018</a> </td> <td>172 av 180 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/FN:s_utvecklingsprogram" title="FN:s utvecklingsprogram">FN:s utvecklingsprogram</a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2019.pdf">Human Development Index 2018</a> </td> <td>168 av 179 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=50" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=50" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Svenska_utlandsstyrkans_insatser_under_2000-talet#Sudan" title="Svenska utlandsstyrkans insatser under 2000-talet">UNAMID och UNMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNMISS" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMISS">UNMISS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudans_ambassad_i_Stockholm" title="Sudans ambassad i Stockholm">Sudans ambassad i Stockholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudans_befrielsearm%C3%A9" title="Sudans befrielsearmé">Sudans befrielsearmé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudans_befrielser%C3%B6relse" title="Sudans befrielserörelse">Sudans befrielserörelse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan_Social_Development_Organization" title="Sudan Social Development Organization">Sudan Social Development Organization</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=51" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=51" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HuvudstadNot-1"><a href="#cite_ref-HuvudstadNot_1-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Khartoum är landets officiella huvudstad. Sudans legislativa (lagstiftande) huvudstad är grannstaden Omdurman, som är sätet för både nationalförsamlingen samt styrelserådet för landets delstater. Källor: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/inc_official_electronic_version.pdf">The Interim National Constitution of The Republic of Sudan, 2005</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070609150809/http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/inc_official_electronic_version.pdf">Arkiverad</a> 9 juni 2007 hämtat från the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Wayback_Machine" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>. (<b>pdf-fil</b>), samt <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/571417/The-Sudan">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Const-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Const_2-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070609150809/http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/inc_official_electronic_version.pdf">”2005 constitution in English”</a>. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/inc_official_electronic_version.pdf">originalet</a>&#32;den 9 juni 2007<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070609150809/http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/inc_official_electronic_version.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20070609150809/http://www.mpil.de/shared/data/pdf/inc_official_electronic_version.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 31 maj 2013</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=2005+constitution+in+English&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20070609150809%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.mpil.de%2Fshared%2Fdata%2Fpdf%2Finc_official_electronic_version.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-4"><small>e</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-5"><small>f</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-6"><small>g</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-7"><small>h</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-8"><small>i</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-9"><small>j</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-10"><small>k</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-11"><small>l</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-12"><small>m</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-13"><small>n</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-14"><small>o</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-15"><small>p</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-16"><small>q</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-17"><small>r</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-18"><small>s</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-19"><small>t</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-20"><small>u</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-21"><small>v</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-22"><small>w</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-23"><small>x</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-24"><small>y</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-25"><small>z</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-26"><small>aa</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-27"><small>ab</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/sudan/#people-and-society">”Sudan”</a>&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i>The World Factbook</i>&#32;(Central Intelligence Agency). 2022-02-22<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/sudan/#people-and-society">https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/sudan/#people-and-society</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 1 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Sudan&amp;rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&amp;rft.date=2022-02-22&amp;rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fsudan%2F%23people-and-society&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf.org-4">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-imf.org_4-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf.org_4-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf.org_4-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf.org_4-3"><small>d</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/April/weo-report?c=512,914,612,171,614,311,213,911,314,193,122,912,313,419,513,316,913,124,339,638,514,218,963,616,223,516,918,748,618,624,522,622,156,626,628,228,924,233,632,636,634,238,662,960,423,935,128,611,321,243,248,469,253,642,643,939,734,644,819,172,132,646,648,915,134,652,174,328,258,656,654,336,263,268,532,944,176,534,536,429,433,178,436,136,343,158,439,916,664,826,542,967,443,917,544,941,446,666,668,672,946,137,546,674,676,548,556,678,181,867,682,684,273,868,921,948,943,686,688,518,728,836,558,138,196,278,692,694,962,142,449,564,565,283,853,288,293,566,964,182,359,453,968,922,714,862,135,716,456,722,942,718,724,576,936,961,813,726,199,733,184,524,361,362,364,732,366,144,146,463,528,923,738,578,537,742,866,369,744,186,925,869,746,926,466,112,111,298,927,846,299,582,487,474,754,698,&amp;s=PPPPC,&amp;sy=2022&amp;ey=2022&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1">”World Economic Outlook database: April 2022”</a>&#32;(på engelska). <a href="/wiki/Internationella_valutafonden" title="Internationella valutafonden">Internationella valutafonden</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/April/weo-report?c=512,914,612,171,614,311,213,911,314,193,122,912,313,419,513,316,913,124,339,638,514,218,963,616,223,516,918,748,618,624,522,622,156,626,628,228,924,233,632,636,634,238,662,960,423,935,128,611,321,243,248,469,253,642,643,939,734,644,819,172,132,646,648,915,134,652,174,328,258,656,654,336,263,268,532,944,176,534,536,429,433,178,436,136,343,158,439,916,664,826,542,967,443,917,544,941,446,666,668,672,946,137,546,674,676,548,556,678,181,867,682,684,273,868,921,948,943,686,688,518,728,836,558,138,196,278,692,694,962,142,449,564,565,283,853,288,293,566,964,182,359,453,968,922,714,862,135,716,456,722,942,718,724,576,936,961,813,726,199,733,184,524,361,362,364,732,366,144,146,463,528,923,738,578,537,742,866,369,744,186,925,869,746,926,466,112,111,298,927,846,299,582,487,474,754,698,&amp;s=PPPPC,&amp;sy=2022&amp;ey=2022&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1">https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/April/weo-report?c=512,914,612,171,614,311,213,911,314,193,122,912,313,419,513,316,913,124,339,638,514,218,963,616,223,516,918,748,618,624,522,622,156,626,628,228,924,233,632,636,634,238,662,960,423,935,128,611,321,243,248,469,253,642,643,939,734,644,819,172,132,646,648,915,134,652,174,328,258,656,654,336,263,268,532,944,176,534,536,429,433,178,436,136,343,158,439,916,664,826,542,967,443,917,544,941,446,666,668,672,946,137,546,674,676,548,556,678,181,867,682,684,273,868,921,948,943,686,688,518,728,836,558,138,196,278,692,694,962,142,449,564,565,283,853,288,293,566,964,182,359,453,968,922,714,862,135,716,456,722,942,718,724,576,936,961,813,726,199,733,184,524,361,362,364,732,366,144,146,463,528,923,738,578,537,742,866,369,744,186,925,869,746,926,466,112,111,298,927,846,299,582,487,474,754,698,&amp;s=PPPPC,&amp;sy=2022&amp;ey=2022&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 augusti 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=World+Economic+Outlook+database%3A+April+2022&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.pub=%5B%5BInternationella+valutafonden%5D%5D&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2022%2FApril%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D512%2C914%2C612%2C171%2C614%2C311%2C213%2C911%2C314%2C193%2C122%2C912%2C313%2C419%2C513%2C316%2C913%2C124%2C339%2C638%2C514%2C218%2C963%2C616%2C223%2C516%2C918%2C748%2C618%2C624%2C522%2C622%2C156%2C626%2C628%2C228%2C924%2C233%2C632%2C636%2C634%2C238%2C662%2C960%2C423%2C935%2C128%2C611%2C321%2C243%2C248%2C469%2C253%2C642%2C643%2C939%2C734%2C644%2C819%2C172%2C132%2C646%2C648%2C915%2C134%2C652%2C174%2C328%2C258%2C656%2C654%2C336%2C263%2C268%2C532%2C944%2C176%2C534%2C536%2C429%2C433%2C178%2C436%2C136%2C343%2C158%2C439%2C916%2C664%2C826%2C542%2C967%2C443%2C917%2C544%2C941%2C446%2C666%2C668%2C672%2C946%2C137%2C546%2C674%2C676%2C548%2C556%2C678%2C181%2C867%2C682%2C684%2C273%2C868%2C921%2C948%2C943%2C686%2C688%2C518%2C728%2C836%2C558%2C138%2C196%2C278%2C692%2C694%2C962%2C142%2C449%2C564%2C565%2C283%2C853%2C288%2C293%2C566%2C964%2C182%2C359%2C453%2C968%2C922%2C714%2C862%2C135%2C716%2C456%2C722%2C942%2C718%2C724%2C576%2C936%2C961%2C813%2C726%2C199%2C733%2C184%2C524%2C361%2C362%2C364%2C732%2C366%2C144%2C146%2C463%2C528%2C923%2C738%2C578%2C537%2C742%2C866%2C369%2C744%2C186%2C925%2C869%2C746%2C926%2C466%2C112%2C111%2C298%2C927%2C846%2C299%2C582%2C487%2C474%2C754%2C698%2C%26s%3DPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2022%26ey%3D2022%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wb-gini-5"><a href="#cite_ref-wb-gini_5-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/">”Gini Index”</a>. World Bank<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/">http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Gini+Index&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.pub=World+Bank&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSI.POV.GINI%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hdirapport2022-6"><a href="#cite_ref-hdirapport2022_6-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf">”Human Development Report 2021/2022”</a>&#32;(på engelska)&#32;(<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png/14px-Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png/21px-Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png/28px-Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span>&#160;<small><a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a></small>). United Nations Development Programme. sid.&#160;284-287<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf">https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 december 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2021%2F2022&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B284-287&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aftonbladet.se/senastenytt/ttnyheter/utrikes/a/J1lgm7/nordsudan-erkanner-sydsudan">”Nordsudan erkänner Sydsudan”</a>. Aftonbladet. 8 juli 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.aftonbladet.se/senastenytt/ttnyheter/utrikes/a/J1lgm7/nordsudan-erkanner-sydsudan">https://www.aftonbladet.se/senastenytt/ttnyheter/utrikes/a/J1lgm7/nordsudan-erkanner-sydsudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 6 december 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Nordsudan+erk%C3%A4nner+Sydsudan&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.date=8+juli+2011&amp;rft.pub=Aftonbladet&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aftonbladet.se%2Fsenastenytt%2Fttnyheter%2Futrikes%2Fa%2FJ1lgm7%2Fnordsudan-erkanner-sydsudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gp.se/nyheter/v%C3%A4rlden/fn-folkgrupp-f%C3%B6rf%C3%B6ljs-av-nordsudan-1.836372">”FN: Folkgrupp förföljs av Nordsudan”</a>. Göteborgs-Posten. 17 juli 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.gp.se/nyheter/v%C3%A4rlden/fn-folkgrupp-f%C3%B6rf%C3%B6ljs-av-nordsudan-1.836372">https://www.gp.se/nyheter/v%C3%A4rlden/fn-folkgrupp-f%C3%B6rf%C3%B6ljs-av-nordsudan-1.836372</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 6 december 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=FN%3A+Folkgrupp+f%C3%B6rf%C3%B6ljs+av+Nordsudan&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.date=17+juli+2011&amp;rft.pub=G%C3%B6teborgs-Posten&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gp.se%2Fnyheter%2Fv%25C3%25A4rlden%2Ffn-folkgrupp-f%25C3%25B6rf%25C3%25B6ljs-av-nordsudan-1.836372&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dn.se/arkiv/varlden/nya-valutor-i-syd-och-nordsudan/">”Nya valutor i Syd- och Nordsudan”</a>. Dagens Nyheter. 17 juli 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.dn.se/arkiv/varlden/nya-valutor-i-syd-och-nordsudan/">https://www.dn.se/arkiv/varlden/nya-valutor-i-syd-och-nordsudan/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 6 december 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Nya+valutor+i+Syd-+och+Nordsudan&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.date=17+juli+2011&amp;rft.pub=Dagens+Nyheter&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dn.se%2Farkiv%2Fvarlden%2Fnya-valutor-i-syd-och-nordsudan%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aftonbladet.se/senastenytt/ttnyheter/utrikes/a/qnvlJO/fn-slapps-in-i-oroshard-i-nordsudan">”FN släpps in i oroshärd i Nordsudan”</a>. Aftonbladet. 20 augusti 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.aftonbladet.se/senastenytt/ttnyheter/utrikes/a/qnvlJO/fn-slapps-in-i-oroshard-i-nordsudan">https://www.aftonbladet.se/senastenytt/ttnyheter/utrikes/a/qnvlJO/fn-slapps-in-i-oroshard-i-nordsudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 6 december 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=FN+sl%C3%A4pps+in+i+orosh%C3%A4rd+i+Nordsudan&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.date=20+augusti+2011&amp;rft.pub=Aftonbladet&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aftonbladet.se%2Fsenastenytt%2Fttnyheter%2Futrikes%2Fa%2FqnvlJO%2Ffn-slapps-in-i-oroshard-i-nordsudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210607100100/https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/amnesty_international__svenska_sektionen/news/nordsudan-regeringen-bombar-civila-27030">”Nordsudan: Regeringen bombar civila”</a>. Amnesty International. 30 augusti 2011. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/amnesty_international__svenska_sektionen/news/nordsudan-regeringen-bombar-civila-27030">originalet</a>&#32;den 7 juni 2021<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210607100100/https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/amnesty_international__svenska_sektionen/news/nordsudan-regeringen-bombar-civila-27030">https://web.archive.org/web/20210607100100/https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/amnesty_international__svenska_sektionen/news/nordsudan-regeringen-bombar-civila-27030</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 6 december 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Nordsudan%3A+Regeringen+bombar+civila&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.date=30+augusti+2011&amp;rft.pub=Amnesty+International&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20210607100100%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.mynewsdesk.com%2Fse%2Famnesty_international&#95;_svenska_sektionen%2Fnews%2Fnordsudan-regeringen-bombar-civila-27030&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hd.se/2012-06-29/targas-mot-demonstranter-i-nordsudan">”Tårgas mot demonstranter i Nordsudan”</a>. Helsingborgs Dagblad. 29 juni 2012<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.hd.se/2012-06-29/targas-mot-demonstranter-i-nordsudan">https://www.hd.se/2012-06-29/targas-mot-demonstranter-i-nordsudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 6 december 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=T%C3%A5rgas+mot+demonstranter+i+Nordsudan&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.date=29+juni+2012&amp;rft.pub=Helsingborgs+Dagblad&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hd.se%2F2012-06-29%2Ftargas-mot-demonstranter-i-nordsudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book">&#32;(<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png/14px-Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png/21px-Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png/28px-Noia_64_mimetypes_pdf.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span>&#160;<small><a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a></small>)&#32;<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regeringen.se/4a3eb3/contentassets/e27ee47ea294461bbb0f39b68d31c540/utrikes_namnbok_10.e_reviderade_upplagan.pdf">Utrikes namnbok: Svenska myndigheter, organisationer, titlar, EU-organ och länder på engelska, tyska, franska, spanska, finska och ryska</a></i>&#32;(10., rev. uppl.). Utrikesdepartementet, Regeringskansliet. 2015. sid.&#160;94<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.regeringen.se/4a3eb3/contentassets/e27ee47ea294461bbb0f39b68d31c540/utrikes_namnbok_10.e_reviderade_upplagan.pdf">http://www.regeringen.se/4a3eb3/contentassets/e27ee47ea294461bbb0f39b68d31c540/utrikes_namnbok_10.e_reviderade_upplagan.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 5 april 2018</span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Utrikes+namnbok%3A+Svenska+myndigheter%2C+organisationer%2C+titlar%2C+EU-organ+och+l%C3%A4nder+p%C3%A5+engelska%2C+tyska%2C+franska%2C+spanska%2C+finska+och+ryska&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B94&amp;rft.edition=10.%2C+rev.+uppl.&amp;rft.pub=Utrikesdepartementet%2C+Regeringskansliet&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.regeringen.se%2F4a3eb3%2Fcontentassets%2Fe27ee47ea294461bbb0f39b68d31c540%2Futrikes_namnbok_10.e_reviderade_upplagan.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFDavison1960">Davison, Roderic H.&#32;(1960).&#32;”Where is the Middle East?”&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i>Foreign Affairs</i>&#32;38&#32;(4): sid.&#160;665–675. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F20029452">10.2307/20029452</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0015-7120">0015-7120</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Where+is+the+Middle+East%3F&amp;rft.jtitle=Foreign+Affairs&amp;rft.aulast=Davison&amp;rft.aufirst=Roderic+H.&amp;rft.au=Davison%2C+Roderic+H.&amp;rft.date=1960&amp;rft.volume=38&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B665%E2%80%93675&amp;rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F20029452&amp;rft.issn=0015-7120&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/sydsudan-blev-fn-medlem">”Sydsudan blev FN-medlem”</a>.&#32;<i><a href="/wiki/Dagens_Nyheter" title="Dagens Nyheter">Dagens Nyheter</a>/TT-AFP-Reuters</i>. 14 juli 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/sydsudan-blev-fn-medlem">http://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/sydsudan-blev-fn-medlem</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 11 november 2011</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Sydsudan+blev+FN-medlem&amp;rft.jtitle=%5B%5BDagens+Nyheter%5D%5D%2FTT-AFP-Reuters&amp;rft.date=14+juli+2011&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dn.se%2Fnyheter%2Fvarlden%2Fsydsudan-blev-fn-medlem&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFCollins2008">Collins, Robert O&#32;(2008)&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i><span>A History of Modern Sudan</span></i>. Cambridge, Storbritannien; New York City: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/9780521858205" title="Special:Bokkällor/9780521858205">ISBN 9780521858205</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+of+Modern+Sudan&amp;rft.aulast=Collins&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert+O&amp;rft.au=Collins%2C+Robert+O&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Storbritannien%3B+New+York+City&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.isbn=9780521858205&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shami-17"><a href="#cite_ref-Shami_17-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFHausermann_Fabos1999">Hausermann Fabos, Anita&#32;(1999).&#32;”Ethical Dilemmas of Research Among Sudanese in Egypt: Producing Knowledge about the Public and the Private”. i&#32;Shami, Seteney Khalid; Herrera, Linda&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i><span>Between Field and Text</span></i>. Kairo: American University in Cairo Press. sid.&#160;100. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/978-9-774-24548-0" title="Special:Bokkällor/978-9-774-24548-0">ISBN 978-9-774-24548-0</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Ethical+Dilemmas+of+Research+Among+Sudanese+in+Egypt%3A+Producing+Knowledge+about+the+Public+and+the+Private&amp;rft.atitle=Between+Field+and+Text&amp;rft.aulast=Hausermann+Fabos&amp;rft.aufirst=Anita&amp;rft.au=Hausermann+Fabos%2C+Anita&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B100&amp;rft.place=Kairo&amp;rft.pub=American+University+in+Cairo+Press&amp;rft.isbn=978-9-774-24548-0&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNEP-18"><a href="#cite_ref-UNEP_18-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book">&#32;(på engelska)&#32;<i><span>Sudan — Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment</span></i>. Nairobi: FN:s miljöprogram. 2007. sid.&#160;35. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/978-9-280-72702-9" title="Special:Bokkällor/978-9-280-72702-9">ISBN 978-9-280-72702-9</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+%E2%80%94+Post-Conflict+Environmental+Assessment&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B35&amp;rft.place=Nairobi&amp;rft.pub=FN%3As+milj%C3%B6program&amp;rft.isbn=978-9-280-72702-9&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters-factbox-19"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters-factbox_19-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFRedaktionsskribenter2024">Redaktionsskribenter&#32;(14 juli 2008).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKL1435274220080714">”Factbox — Sudan's President Omar Hassan al-Bashir”</a>&#32;(på engelska). <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKL1435274220080714">http://www.reuters.com/article/topNews/idUKL1435274220080714</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 8 januari 2011</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Factbox+%E2%80%94+Sudan%27s+President+Omar+Hassan+al-Bashir&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.aulast=Redaktionsskribenter&amp;rft.au=Redaktionsskribenter&amp;rft.date=14+juli+2008&amp;rft.pub=%5B%5BReuters%5D%5D&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FtopNews%2FidUKL1435274220080714&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFMcDoom">McDoom, Opheera&#32;(7 februari 2011).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110208232254/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/02/07/uk-sudan-referendum-idUKTRE7161MW20110207">”South Sudan votes for independence by landslide”</a>&#32;(på engelska). <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/02/07/uk-sudan-referendum-idUKTRE7161MW20110207">originalet</a>&#32;den 8 februari 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110208232254/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/02/07/uk-sudan-referendum-idUKTRE7161MW20110207">https://web.archive.org/web/20110208232254/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/02/07/uk-sudan-referendum-idUKTRE7161MW20110207</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 7 februari 2011</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=South+Sudan+votes+for+independence+by+landslide&amp;rft.atitle=&amp;rft.aulast=McDoom&amp;rft.aufirst=Opheera&amp;rft.au=McDoom%2C+Opheera&amp;rft.date=7+februari+2011&amp;rft.pub=%5B%5BReuters%5D%5D&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20110208232254%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F02%2F07%2Fuk-sudan-referendum-idUKTRE7161MW20110207&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-south_sudan-21"><a href="#cite_ref-south_sudan_21-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFFick2011">Fick, Maggie&#32;(9 juli 2011).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ajc.com/news/nation-world/a-new-flag-raised-1004971.html">”A new flag raised: South Sudan celebrates birth”</a>&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i>Atlanta Journal-Constitution</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ajc.com/news/nation-world/a-new-flag-raised-1004971.html">http://www.ajc.com/news/nation-world/a-new-flag-raised-1004971.html</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 9 juli 2011</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=A+new+flag+raised%3A+South+Sudan+celebrates+birth&amp;rft.jtitle=Atlanta+Journal-Constitution&amp;rft.aulast=Fick&amp;rft.aufirst=Maggie&amp;rft.au=Fick%2C+Maggie&amp;rft.date=9+juli+2011&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajc.com%2Fnews%2Fnation-world%2Fa-new-flag-raised-1004971.html&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:11-22">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:11_22-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:11_22-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFHafsaas2022-01-25">Hafsaas, Henriette&#32;(2022-01-25).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Sudan">”Sudan”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Sudan">http://snl.no/Sudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 1 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Sudan&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Hafsaas&amp;rft.aufirst=Henriette&amp;rft.au=Hafsaas%2C+Henriette&amp;rft.date=2022-01-25&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FSudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-23">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:8_23-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_23-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_23-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_23-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_23-4"><small>e</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan/Cultural-institutions">”Sudan - Cultural institutions | Britannica”</a>&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i><span>www.britannica.com</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan/Cultural-institutions">https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan/Cultural-institutions</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+-+Cultural+institutions+%7C+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=www.britannica.com&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FSudan%2FCultural-institutions&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-24">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-4"><small>e</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-5"><small>f</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-6"><small>g</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-7"><small>h</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-8"><small>i</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-9"><small>j</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-10"><small>k</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-11"><small>l</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-12"><small>m</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-13"><small>n</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/sudan">”Sudan - Uppslagsverk - NE.se”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ne.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/sudan">https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/sudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 1 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+-+Uppslagsverk+-+NE.se&amp;rft.atitle=www.ne.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Fsudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFBarstadBettumTsakos2022-02-16">Barstad, Hans M.; Bettum, Anders; Tsakos, Alexandros&#32;(2022-02-16).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Kusj">”Kusj”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Kusj">http://snl.no/Kusj</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Kusj&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Barstad&amp;rft.aufirst=Hans+M.&amp;rft.au=Barstad%2C+Hans+M.&amp;rft.au=Bettum%2C+Anders&amp;rft.au=Tsakos%2C+Alexandros&amp;rft.date=2022-02-16&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FKusj&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/history-magazine/article/ancient-egypt-nubian-kingdom-pyramids-sudan">”The Nubian kingdom of Kush, rival to Egypt”</a>&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i><span>History</span></i>. 15 november 2016<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/history-magazine/article/ancient-egypt-nubian-kingdom-pyramids-sudan">https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/history-magazine/article/ancient-egypt-nubian-kingdom-pyramids-sudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 30 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=The+Nubian+kingdom+of+Kush%2C+rival+to+Egypt&amp;rft.atitle=History&amp;rft.date=15+november+2016&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.com%2Fhistory%2Fhistory-magazine%2Farticle%2Fancient-egypt-nubian-kingdom-pyramids-sudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFHafsaasEriksen2020-05-11">Hafsaas, Henriette; Eriksen, Tore Linné&#32;(2020-05-11).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Nubias_historie">”Nubias historie”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Nubias_historie">http://snl.no/Nubias_historie</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Nubias+historie&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Hafsaas&amp;rft.aufirst=Henriette&amp;rft.au=Hafsaas%2C+Henriette&amp;rft.au=Eriksen%2C+Tore+Linn%C3%A9&amp;rft.date=2020-05-11&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FNubias_historie&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan/The-spread-of-Islam">”Sudan - The spread of Islam | Britannica”</a>&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i><span>www.britannica.com</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan/The-spread-of-Islam">https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan/The-spread-of-Islam</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+-+The+spread+of+Islam+%7C+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=www.britannica.com&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FSudan%2FThe-spread-of-Islam&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/mahdistupproret">”mahdistupproret - Uppslagsverk - NE.se”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ne.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/mahdistupproret">https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/mahdistupproret</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=mahdistupproret+-+Uppslagsverk+-+NE.se&amp;rft.atitle=www.ne.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Fmahdistupproret&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFLeraandTsakos2020-12-06">Leraand, Dag; Tsakos, Alexandros&#32;(2020-12-06).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_historie">”Sudans historie”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_historie">http://snl.no/Sudans_historie</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Sudans+historie&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Leraand&amp;rft.aufirst=Dag&amp;rft.au=Leraand%2C+Dag&amp;rft.au=Tsakos%2C+Alexandros&amp;rft.date=2020-12-06&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FSudans_historie&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/anglo-egyptiska-sudan">”Anglo-egyptiska Sudan - Uppslagsverk - NE.se”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ne.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/anglo-egyptiska-sudan">https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/anglo-egyptiska-sudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Anglo-egyptiska+Sudan+-+Uppslagsverk+-+NE.se&amp;rft.atitle=www.ne.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Fanglo-egyptiska-sudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-32">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:1_32-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_32-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFLeraandTsakos2020-12-06">Leraand, Dag; Tsakos, Alexandros&#32;(2020-12-06).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_historie">”Sudans historie”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_historie">http://snl.no/Sudans_historie</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 1 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Sudans+historie&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Leraand&amp;rft.aufirst=Dag&amp;rft.au=Leraand%2C+Dag&amp;rft.au=Tsakos%2C+Alexandros&amp;rft.date=2020-12-06&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FSudans_historie&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ui.se/landguiden/konflikter/sudan-sydsudan/">”Sudan-Sydsudan”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ui.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ui.se/landguiden/konflikter/sudan-sydsudan/">https://www.ui.se/landguiden/konflikter/sudan-sydsudan/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan-Sydsudan&amp;rft.atitle=www.ui.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ui.se%2Flandguiden%2Fkonflikter%2Fsudan-sydsudan%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/sydsudan">”Sydsudan - Uppslagsverk - NE.se”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ne.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/sydsudan">https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/sydsudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sydsudan+-+Uppslagsverk+-+NE.se&amp;rft.atitle=www.ne.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Fsydsudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-35">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:12_35-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_35-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFTsakosLeraand2022-02-22">Tsakos, Alexandros; Leraand, Dag&#32;(2022-02-22).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_samtidshistorie">”Sudans samtidshistorie”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_samtidshistorie">http://snl.no/Sudans_samtidshistorie</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Sudans+samtidshistorie&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Tsakos&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexandros&amp;rft.au=Tsakos%2C+Alexandros&amp;rft.au=Leraand%2C+Dag&amp;rft.date=2022-02-22&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FSudans_samtidshistorie&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-36">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:10_36-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_36-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalis.se/Konflikter/sudan-darfur">”Sudan - Darfur”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.globalis.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.globalis.se/Konflikter/sudan-darfur">https://www.globalis.se/Konflikter/sudan-darfur</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+-+Darfur&amp;rft.atitle=www.globalis.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalis.se%2FKonflikter%2Fsudan-darfur&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.svd.se/nyheter/utrikes/99-procent-for-delning-av-sudan_5903189.svd">”99 procent för delning av Sudan”</a>.&#32;<i><a href="/wiki/Svenska_Dagbladet" title="Svenska Dagbladet">Svenska Dagbladet</a>/TT-AFP</i>&#32;(Juba). 30 januari 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.svd.se/nyheter/utrikes/99-procent-for-delning-av-sudan_5903189.svd">http://www.svd.se/nyheter/utrikes/99-procent-for-delning-av-sudan_5903189.svd</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 30 januari 2011</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=99+procent+f%C3%B6r+delning+av+Sudan&amp;rft.jtitle=%5B%5BSvenska+Dagbladet%5D%5D%2FTT-AFP&amp;rft.date=30+januari+2011&amp;rft.place=Juba&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svd.se%2Fnyheter%2Futrikes%2F99-procent-for-delning-av-sudan_5903189.svd&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.svd.se/nyheter/utrikes/vald-stoppar-inte-sodra-sudan_6215531.svd">”Våld stoppar inte södra Sudan”</a>.&#32;<i><a href="/wiki/Svenska_Dagbladet" title="Svenska Dagbladet">Svenska Dagbladet</a>/TT</i>&#32;(Stockholm). 2 juni 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.svd.se/nyheter/utrikes/vald-stoppar-inte-sodra-sudan_6215531.svd">http://www.svd.se/nyheter/utrikes/vald-stoppar-inte-sodra-sudan_6215531.svd</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 11 november 2011</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=V%C3%A5ld+stoppar+inte+s%C3%B6dra+Sudan&amp;rft.jtitle=%5B%5BSvenska+Dagbladet%5D%5D%2FTT&amp;rft.date=2+juni+2011&amp;rft.place=Stockholm&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svd.se%2Fnyheter%2Futrikes%2Fvald-stoppar-inte-sodra-sudan_6215531.svd&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/information-och-fakta/var-historia/mer-historia/avslutade-enskilda-insatser/unisfa-sudan-enskilda-insatser/">”Unisfa - Sudan”</a>.&#32;<i><span>Försvarsmakten</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/information-och-fakta/var-historia/mer-historia/avslutade-enskilda-insatser/unisfa-sudan-enskilda-insatser/">https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/information-och-fakta/var-historia/mer-historia/avslutade-enskilda-insatser/unisfa-sudan-enskilda-insatser/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Unisfa+-+Sudan&amp;rft.atitle=F%C3%B6rsvarsmakten&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forsvarsmakten.se%2Fsv%2Finformation-och-fakta%2Fvar-historia%2Fmer-historia%2Favslutade-enskilda-insatser%2Funisfa-sudan-enskilda-insatser%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalis.se/Konflikter/den-arabiska-vaaren">”Den arabiska våren”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.globalis.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.globalis.se/Konflikter/den-arabiska-vaaren">https://www.globalis.se/Konflikter/den-arabiska-vaaren</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 30 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Den+arabiska+v%C3%A5ren&amp;rft.atitle=www.globalis.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalis.se%2FKonflikter%2Fden-arabiska-vaaren&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.svd.se/nyheter/utrikes/oppositionsledare-gripen-i-sudan_5931457.svd">”Oppositionsledare gripen i Sudan”</a>.&#32;<i><a href="/wiki/Svenska_Dagbladet" title="Svenska Dagbladet">Svenska Dagbladet</a>/TT-Reuters</i>&#32;(Khartoum). 10 februari 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.svd.se/nyheter/utrikes/oppositionsledare-gripen-i-sudan_5931457.svd">http://www.svd.se/nyheter/utrikes/oppositionsledare-gripen-i-sudan_5931457.svd</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 11 november 2011</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Oppositionsledare+gripen+i+Sudan&amp;rft.jtitle=%5B%5BSvenska+Dagbladet%5D%5D%2FTT-Reuters&amp;rft.date=10+februari+2011&amp;rft.place=Khartoum&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svd.se%2Fnyheter%2Futrikes%2Foppositionsledare-gripen-i-sudan_5931457.svd&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sydsudan/">”Sydsudan”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ui.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sydsudan/">https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sydsudan/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 30 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sydsudan&amp;rft.atitle=www.ui.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ui.se%2Flandguiden%2Flander-och-omraden%2Fafrika%2Fsydsudan%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/sudansk-gerilla-retirerar">”Sudansk gerilla retirerar”</a>.&#32;<i><a href="/wiki/Dagens_Nyheter" title="Dagens Nyheter">Dagens Nyheter</a>/TT-Reuters</i>. 3 november 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/sudansk-gerilla-retirerar">http://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/sudansk-gerilla-retirerar</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 11 november 2011</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Sudansk+gerilla+retirerar&amp;rft.jtitle=%5B%5BDagens+Nyheter%5D%5D%2FTT-Reuters&amp;rft.date=3+november+2011&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dn.se%2Fnyheter%2Fvarlden%2Fsudansk-gerilla-retirerar&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/militaren-genomforde-en-klassisk-militarkupp-/">”Militären genomförde en klassisk militärkupp”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.expressen.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/militaren-genomforde-en-klassisk-militarkupp-/">https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/militaren-genomforde-en-klassisk-militarkupp-/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 22 augusti 2021</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Milit%C3%A4ren+genomf%C3%B6rde+en+klassisk+milit%C3%A4rkupp&amp;rft.atitle=www.expressen.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.expressen.se%2Fnyheter%2Fmilitaren-genomforde-en-klassisk-militarkupp-%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFLindstam2019">Lindstam, Martin&#32;(11 april 2019).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.svt.se/nyheter/utrikes/bekraftat-omar-al-bashir-gripen-av-militar">”Bekräftat: Omar al-Bashir gripen av militär”</a>.&#32;<i>SVT Nyheter</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.svt.se/nyheter/utrikes/bekraftat-omar-al-bashir-gripen-av-militar">https://www.svt.se/nyheter/utrikes/bekraftat-omar-al-bashir-gripen-av-militar</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 22 augusti 2021</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Bekr%C3%A4ftat%3A+Omar+al-Bashir+gripen+av+milit%C3%A4r&amp;rft.jtitle=SVT+Nyheter&amp;rft.aulast=Lindstam&amp;rft.aufirst=Martin&amp;rft.au=Lindstam%2C+Martin&amp;rft.date=11+april+2019&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.svt.se%2Fnyheter%2Futrikes%2Fbekraftat-omar-al-bashir-gripen-av-militar&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.barometern.se/nyheter/usa-avslutar-terrorsanktionerna-mot-sudan-2a16dc7c/">”USA avslutar terrorsanktionerna mot Sudan”</a>.&#32;<i><span>Barometern/TT</span></i>. 14 december 2020<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.barometern.se/nyheter/usa-avslutar-terrorsanktionerna-mot-sudan-2a16dc7c/">https://www.barometern.se/nyheter/usa-avslutar-terrorsanktionerna-mot-sudan-2a16dc7c/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 22 augusti 2021</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=USA+avslutar+terrorsanktionerna+mot+Sudan&amp;rft.atitle=Barometern%2FTT&amp;rft.date=14+december+2020&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.barometern.se%2Fnyheter%2Fusa-avslutar-terrorsanktionerna-mot-sudan-2a16dc7c%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-47">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:3_47-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_47-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_47-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_47-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_47-4"><small>e</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFTsakos2022-02-22">Tsakos, Alexandros&#32;(2022-02-22).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_politiske_system">”Sudans politiske system”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_politiske_system">http://snl.no/Sudans_politiske_system</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Sudans+politiske+system&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Tsakos&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexandros&amp;rft.au=Tsakos%2C+Alexandros&amp;rft.date=2022-02-22&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FSudans_politiske_system&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220302080203/https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sudan/aktuell-politik/">”Sudan – Aktuell politik”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ui.se</span></i>. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sudan/aktuell-politik/">originalet</a>&#32;den 2 mars 2022<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220302080203/https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sudan/aktuell-politik/">https://web.archive.org/web/20220302080203/https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sudan/aktuell-politik/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+%E2%80%93+Aktuell+politik&amp;rft.atitle=www.ui.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20220302080203%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.ui.se%2Flandguiden%2Flander-och-omraden%2Fafrika%2Fsudan%2Faktuell-politik%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Sydsvenskan" title="Sydsvenskan">Sydsvenskan</a> 27 april 2023</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFHansen2020-12-04">Hansen, Odd Bruce&#32;(2020-12-04).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Dyreliv_i_Sudan">”Dyreliv i Sudan”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Dyreliv_i_Sudan">http://snl.no/Dyreliv_i_Sudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Dyreliv+i+Sudan&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Hansen&amp;rft.aufirst=Odd+Bruce&amp;rft.au=Hansen%2C+Odd+Bruce&amp;rft.date=2020-12-04&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FDyreliv_i_Sudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-51">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:6_51-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_51-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_51-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_51-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_51-4"><small>e</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_51-5"><small>f</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_51-6"><small>g</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_51-7"><small>h</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan/Agriculture-forestry-and-fishing">”Sudan - Agriculture, forestry, and fishing | Britannica”</a>&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i><span>www.britannica.com</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan/Agriculture-forestry-and-fishing">https://www.britannica.com/place/Sudan/Agriculture-forestry-and-fishing</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+-+Agriculture%2C+forestry%2C+and+fishing+%7C+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=www.britannica.com&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FSudan%2FAgriculture-forestry-and-fishing&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:13-52">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:13_52-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:13_52-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:13_52-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFMigrationsverket">Migrationsverket&#32;(18 januari 2021).&#32;<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lifos.migrationsverket.se">Landinformation: Sudan – Säkerhetsutvecklingen i Darfur och situationen för etniska grupper</a></i>. Nationella operativa avdelningen, Migrationsanalys – Migrationsverkets funktion för land- och omvärldsanalys<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://lifos.migrationsverket.se">http://lifos.migrationsverket.se</a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Landinformation%3A+Sudan+%E2%80%93+S%C3%A4kerhetsutvecklingen+i+Darfur+och+situationen+f%C3%B6r+etniska+grupper&amp;rft.aulast=Migrationsverket&amp;rft.au=Migrationsverket&amp;rft.date=18+januari+2021&amp;rft.pub=Nationella+operativa+avdelningen%2C+Migrationsanalys+%E2%80%93+Migrationsverkets+funktion+f%C3%B6r+land-+och+omv%C3%A4rldsanalys&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flifos.migrationsverket.se&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-53">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:9_53-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_53-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.regeringen.se/rapporter/2019/12/manskliga-rattigheter-demokrati-och-rattsstatens-principer-i-sudan/">”Mänskliga rättigheter, demokrati och rättsstatens principer i Sudan”</a>.&#32;<i><span>Regeringskansliet</span></i>. Regeringen och. 18 december 2019<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.regeringen.se/rapporter/2019/12/manskliga-rattigheter-demokrati-och-rattsstatens-principer-i-sudan/">https://www.regeringen.se/rapporter/2019/12/manskliga-rattigheter-demokrati-och-rattsstatens-principer-i-sudan/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=M%C3%A4nskliga+r%C3%A4ttigheter%2C+demokrati+och+r%C3%A4ttsstatens+principer+i+Sudan&amp;rft.atitle=Regeringskansliet&amp;rft.date=18+december+2019&amp;rft.pub=Regeringen+och&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.regeringen.se%2Frapporter%2F2019%2F12%2Fmanskliga-rattigheter-demokrati-och-rattsstatens-principer-i-sudan%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFEmma_Skeppström">Emma Skeppström&#32;(September 2012).&#32;”Grannosämja: konflikten mellan Sudan och Sydsudan”.&#32;<i>Studier i afrikansk säkerhet</i>&#32;(Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut, FOI).</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Grannos%C3%A4mja%3A+konflikten+mellan+Sudan+och+Sydsudan&amp;rft.jtitle=Studier+i+afrikansk+s%C3%A4kerhet&amp;rft.aulast=Emma+Skeppstr%C3%B6m&amp;rft.au=Emma+Skeppstr%C3%B6m&amp;rft.date=September+2012&amp;rft.pub=Totalf%C3%B6rsvarets+forskningsinstitut%2C+FOI&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://au.int/en/articles/sudan-suspended-african-union">”Sudan suspended from the African Union | African Union”</a>.&#32;<i><span>au.int</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://au.int/en/articles/sudan-suspended-african-union">https://au.int/en/articles/sudan-suspended-african-union</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+suspended+from+the+African+Union+%7C+African+Union&amp;rft.atitle=au.int&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fau.int%2Fen%2Farticles%2Fsudan-suspended-african-union&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/afrikanska-unionen">”Afrikanska unionen - Uppslagsverk - NE.se”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ne.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/afrikanska-unionen">https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/afrikanska-unionen</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Afrikanska+unionen+-+Uppslagsverk+-+NE.se&amp;rft.atitle=www.ne.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Fafrikanska-unionen&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unamid.unmissions.org/">”UNAMID”</a>&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i><span>UNAMID</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://unamid.unmissions.org/">https://unamid.unmissions.org/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=UNAMID&amp;rft.atitle=UNAMID&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funamid.unmissions.org%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/information-och-fakta/var-historia/mer-historia/avslutade-enskilda-insatser/unamid-sudan-enskilda-insatser/">”Sudan – Unamid”</a>.&#32;<i><span>Försvarsmakten</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/information-och-fakta/var-historia/mer-historia/avslutade-enskilda-insatser/unamid-sudan-enskilda-insatser/">https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/information-och-fakta/var-historia/mer-historia/avslutade-enskilda-insatser/unamid-sudan-enskilda-insatser/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+%E2%80%93+Unamid&amp;rft.atitle=F%C3%B6rsvarsmakten&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forsvarsmakten.se%2Fsv%2Finformation-och-fakta%2Fvar-historia%2Fmer-historia%2Favslutade-enskilda-insatser%2Funamid-sudan-enskilda-insatser%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-59">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:4_59-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_59-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_59-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_59-3"><small>d</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFTsakos2021-10-30">Tsakos, Alexandros&#32;(2021-10-30).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/medier_i_Sudan">”medier i Sudan”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/medier_i_Sudan">http://snl.no/medier_i_Sudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=medier+i+Sudan&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Tsakos&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexandros&amp;rft.au=Tsakos%2C+Alexandros&amp;rft.date=2021-10-30&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2Fmedier_i_Sudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-60">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:5_60-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_60-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFPedersen2021-08-25">Pedersen, Jørn Wichne&#32;(2021-08-25).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Skole_og_utdanning_i_Sudan">”Skole og utdanning i Sudan”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Skole_og_utdanning_i_Sudan">http://snl.no/Skole_og_utdanning_i_Sudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Skole+og+utdanning+i+Sudan&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Pedersen&amp;rft.aufirst=J%C3%B8rn+Wichne&amp;rft.au=Pedersen%2C+J%C3%B8rn+Wichne&amp;rft.date=2021-08-25&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FSkole_og_utdanning_i_Sudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-61">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:7_61-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_61-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFHafsaas2022-02-22">Hafsaas, Henriette&#32;(2022-02-22).&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_befolkning">”Sudans befolkning”</a>&#32;(på norskt bokmål).&#32;<i>Store norske leksikon</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Sudans_befolkning">http://snl.no/Sudans_befolkning</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Sudans+befolkning&amp;rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&amp;rft.aulast=Hafsaas&amp;rft.aufirst=Henriette&amp;rft.au=Hafsaas%2C+Henriette&amp;rft.date=2022-02-22&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FSudans_befolkning&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sida.se/sida-i-varlden/sudan">”Sudan”</a>.&#32;<i><span>Sida</span></i>. SIDA. 19 januari 2022<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sida.se/sida-i-varlden/sudan">https://www.sida.se/sida-i-varlden/sudan</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan&amp;rft.atitle=Sida&amp;rft.date=19+januari+2022&amp;rft.pub=SIDA&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sida.se%2Fsida-i-varlden%2Fsudan&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/female-genital-mutilation/">”Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) Statistics”</a>&#32;(på amerikansk engelska).&#32;<i><span>UNICEF DATA</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/female-genital-mutilation/">https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/female-genital-mutilation/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 2 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Female+Genital+Mutilation+%28FGM%29+Statistics&amp;rft.atitle=UNICEF+DATA&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.unicef.org%2Ftopic%2Fchild-protection%2Ffemale-genital-mutilation%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sudan/kultur/">”Sudan – Kultur”</a>.&#32;<i><span>www.ui.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sudan/kultur/">https://www.ui.se/landguiden/lander-och-omraden/afrika/sudan/kultur/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 3 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+%E2%80%93+Kultur&amp;rft.atitle=www.ui.se&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ui.se%2Flandguiden%2Flander-och-omraden%2Fafrika%2Fsudan%2Fkultur%2F&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/sd">”Sudan - UNESCO World Heritage Convention”</a>&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i><span>UNESCO World Heritage Centre</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/sd">https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/sd</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 26 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Sudan+-+UNESCO+World+Heritage+Convention&amp;rft.atitle=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Fstatesparties%2Fsd&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africa.unwomen.org/en/news-and-events/stories/2021/03/ten-african-women-leaders-we-admire">”Ten African Women leaders we admire”</a>&#32;(på engelska).&#32;<i><span>UN Women – Africa</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://africa.unwomen.org/en/news-and-events/stories/2021/03/ten-african-women-leaders-we-admire">https://africa.unwomen.org/en/news-and-events/stories/2021/03/ten-african-women-leaders-we-admire</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">.&#32;Läst 6 mars 2022</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Ten+African+Women+leaders+we+admire&amp;rft.atitle=UN+Women+%E2%80%93+Africa&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fafrica.unwomen.org%2Fen%2Fnews-and-events%2Fstories%2F2021%2F03%2Ften-african-women-leaders-we-admire&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Sudan"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=52" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudan&amp;action=edit&amp;section=52" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons har media som rör <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sudan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sudan">Sudan</a>.<div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sudan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sudan">Bilder &amp; media</a></div></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sudan.gov.sd/index.php/en/">Sudans regerings officiella webbplats</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.gov.sd/eng">Sudans presidents officiella webbplats</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/15px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/23px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/30px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Sudan" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Sudan">Kartor i Wikimedia Atlas relaterade till Sudan</a><div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Sudan" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Sudan">Kartor</a></div></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Navigeringsmallar_Sudan" title="Mall:Navigeringsmallar Sudan"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Navigeringsmallar_Sudan&amp;action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;">Länkar till relaterade artiklar</span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#FFEFD5;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Afrika" title="Mall:Afrika"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Afrika&amp;action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Algeriet" title="Algeriet">Algeriet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina&#160;Faso</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Centralafrikanska_republiken" title="Centralafrikanska republiken">Centralafrikanska&#160;republiken</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten">Egypten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ekvatorialguinea" title="Ekvatorialguinea">Ekvatorialguinea</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Elfenbenskusten" title="Elfenbenskusten">Elfenbenskusten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Etiopien" title="Etiopien">Etiopien</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia">Gambia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kamerun" title="Kamerun">Kamerun</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kap_Verde" title="Kap Verde">Kap Verde</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Komorerna" title="Komorerna">Komorerna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kongo-Brazzaville" title="Kongo-Brazzaville">Republiken&#160;Kongo&#160;(Brazzaville)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kongo-Kinshasa" title="Kongo-Kinshasa">Demokratiska&#160;republiken&#160;Kongo&#160;(Kinshasa)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Libyen" title="Libyen">Libyen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Madagaskar" title="Madagaskar">Madagaskar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Marocko" title="Marocko">Marocko</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mauretanien" title="Mauretanien">Mauretanien</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mo%C3%A7ambique" title="Moçambique">Moçambique</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_och_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé och Príncipe">São&#160;Tomé&#160;och&#160;Príncipe</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Seychellerna" title="Seychellerna">Seychellerna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sudan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Swaziland" title="Swaziland">Swaziland</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sydafrika" title="Sydafrika">Sydafrika</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sydsudan" title="Sydsudan">Sydsudan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">Tchad</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tunisien" title="Tunisien">Tunisien</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">Särskilda områden: <a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanarie%C3%B6arna" title="Kanarieöarna">Kanarieöarna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Spanien" title="Spanien">Spanien</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sankta_Helena,_Ascension_och_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Sankta Helena, Ascension och Tristan da Cunha">Sankta&#160;Helena</a>&#160;(<a href="/wiki/Storbritannien" title="Storbritannien">Storbritannien</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a>&#160;(Tanzania)<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4stsahara" title="Västsahara">Västsahara</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Afrikanska_unionen" title="Mall:Afrikanska unionen"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Afrikanska_unionen&amp;action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Afrikanska_unionen" title="Afrikanska unionen">Afrikanska unionen (AU)</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Algeriet" title="Algeriet">Algeriet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Centralafrikanska_republiken" title="Centralafrikanska republiken">Centralafrikanska republiken</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten">Egypten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ekvatorialguinea" title="Ekvatorialguinea">Ekvatorialguinea</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Elfenbenskusten" title="Elfenbenskusten">Elfenbenskusten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Etiopien" title="Etiopien">Etiopien</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia">Gambia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kamerun" title="Kamerun">Kamerun</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kap_Verde" title="Kap Verde">Kap Verde</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Komorerna" title="Komorerna">Komorerna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kongo-Brazzaville" title="Kongo-Brazzaville">Kongo-Brazzaville</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kongo-Kinshasa" title="Kongo-Kinshasa">Kongo-Kinshasa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Libyen" title="Libyen">Libyen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Madagaskar" title="Madagaskar">Madagaskar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Marocko" title="Marocko">Marocko</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mauretanien" title="Mauretanien">Mauretanien</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mo%C3%A7ambique" title="Moçambique">Moçambique</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_och_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé och Príncipe">São Tomé och Príncipe</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sahariska_arabiska_demokratiska_republiken" title="Sahariska arabiska demokratiska republiken">Sahariska arabiska demokratiska republiken</a> (<a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4stsahara" title="Västsahara">Västsahara</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Seychellerna" title="Seychellerna">Seychellerna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sudan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Swaziland" title="Swaziland">Swaziland</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Sydafrika" title="Sydafrika">Sydafrika</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">Tchad</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Tunisien" title="Tunisien">Tunisien</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Arabf%C3%B6rbundet" title="Mall:Arabförbundet"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Arabf%C3%B6rbundet&amp;action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Arabf%C3%B6rbundet" title="Arabförbundet">Arabförbundet</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Algeriet" title="Algeriet">Algeriet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten">Egypten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renade_arabemiraten" title="Förenade arabemiraten">Förenade arabemiraten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Jordanien" title="Jordanien">Jordanien</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Komorerna" title="Komorerna">Komorerna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Libyen" title="Libyen">Libyen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Marocko" title="Marocko">Marocko</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Mauretanien" title="Mauretanien">Mauretanien</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Palestinska_myndigheten" title="Palestinska myndigheten">Palestina</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Saudiarabien" title="Saudiarabien">Saudiarabien</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a class="mw-selflink 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style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Islamiska_konferensorganisationen" title="Islamiska konferensorganisationen">Islamiska konferensen</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Albanien" title="Albanien">Albanien</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Algeriet" title="Algeriet">Algeriet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbajdzjan" title="Azerbajdzjan">Azerbajdzjan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;· </span> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a><span 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