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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymologie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymologie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Geschiedenis-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oudheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oudheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Oudheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oudheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middeleeuwen_en_renaissance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middeleeuwen_en_renaissance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Middeleeuwen en renaissance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middeleeuwen_en_renaissance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nieuwe_tijd_en_heden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nieuwe_tijd_en_heden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Nieuwe tijd en heden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nieuwe_tijd_en_heden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Waarnemingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waarnemingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Waarnemingen</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Waarnemingen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Waarnemingen-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Waarnemingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Optische_astronomie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Optische_astronomie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Optische astronomie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Optische_astronomie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infraroodastronomie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infraroodastronomie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Infraroodastronomie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infraroodastronomie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radioastronomie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radioastronomie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Radioastronomie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radioastronomie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Röntgen-_en_gamma-astronomie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Röntgen-_en_gamma-astronomie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Röntgen- en gamma-astronomie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Röntgen-_en_gamma-astronomie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beroemde_astronomen_en_astrofysici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beroemde_astronomen_en_astrofysici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Beroemde astronomen en astrofysici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beroemde_astronomen_en_astrofysici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Astronomie</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 242 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-242" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">242 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterrekunde" title="Sterrekunde – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sterrekunde" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%A5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8D%88%E1%88%88%E1%8A%AD" title="ሥነ ፈለክ – Amhaars" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሥነ ፈለክ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom%C3%ADa" title="Astronomía – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Astronomía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungolcr%C3%A6ft" title="Tungolcræft – Oudengels" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Tungolcræft" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Oudengels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="खगोल शास्त्र – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="खगोल शास्त्र" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83" title="علم الفلك – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم الفلك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%A1%DC%A0%DC%A0%DC%98%DC%AC_%DC%9F%DC%98%DC%9F%DC%92%DC%90" title="ܡܡܠܠܘܬ ܟܘܟܒܐ – Aramees" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܡܠܠܘܬ ܟܘܟܒܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83" title="فلك – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فلك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="জ্যোতিৰ্বিজ্ঞান – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জ্যোতিৰ্বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom%C3%ADa" title="Astronomía – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Astronomía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Avarisch" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaxpacha_y%C3%A4nakata" title="Alaxpacha yänakata – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Alaxpacha yänakata" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiya" title="Astronomiya – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="آسترونومی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آسترونومی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Beiers" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Beiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astruonuom%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Astruonuomėjė – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Astruonuomėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiya" title="Astronomiya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Астраномія – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Астраномія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Астраномія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Астраномія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88lmu_palak" title="Èlmu palak – Bataviaans" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Èlmu palak" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Bataviaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="खगोलिकी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="खगोलिकी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaji_tawas_langit" title="Kaji tawas langit – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kaji tawas langit" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%80%E1%80%B9%E1%80%81%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="နက္ခတ္တဗေဒ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="နက္ခတ္တဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolokalan" title="Dolokalan – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Dolokalan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="জ্যোতির্বিজ্ঞান – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জ্যোতির্বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steredoniezh" title="Steredoniezh – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Steredoniezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%88%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Одон орон шудалал – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Одон орон шудалал" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%95ng-%C3%B9ng" title="Tiĕng-ùng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Tiĕng-ùng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Астрономи – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Астрономи" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiya" title="Astronomiya – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%95%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="ئەستێرەناسی – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەستێرەناسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronumia" title="Astronumia – Corsicaans" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Astronumia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsicaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomij%C3%B4" title="Astronomijô – Kasjoebisch" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Astronomijô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kasjoebisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Астрономи – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Астрономи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seryddiaeth" title="Seryddiaeth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Seryddiaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Ai%C9%9B%CC%88ckanhial" title="Ŋiɛ̈ckanhial – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Ŋiɛ̈ckanhial" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asm%C3%AAn%C5%9F%C4%B1nasiye" title="Asmênşınasiye – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Asmênşınasiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija – Nedersorbisch" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Nedersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astoronomi" title="Astoronomi – Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Astoronomi" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8A%DE%A6%DE%8D%DE%A6%DE%86%DE%A9_%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%89%DE%AA" title="ފަލަކީ އިލްމު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ފަލަކީ އިލްމު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αστρονομία – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αστρονομία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom%C3%AE" title="Astronomî – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Astronomî" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Astronomy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomio" title="Astronomio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Astronomio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom%C3%ADa" title="Astronomía – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Astronomía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronoomia" title="Astronoomia – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Astronoomia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Extremeens" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="اخترشناسی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اخترشناسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astoronomy" title="Astoronomy – Fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Astoronomy" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fulah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4htitiede" title="Tähtitiede – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tähtitiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A4hetiid%C3%BCs" title="Tähetiidüs – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tähetiidüs" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maliwalala" title="Maliwalala – Fijisch" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Maliwalala" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stj%C3%B8rnufr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Stjørnufrøði – Faeröers" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Stjørnufrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faeröers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Arpitaans" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A4%C3%A4rkunde" title="Stäärkunde – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Stäärkunde" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Friulisch" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Astronomy" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9alteola%C3%ADocht" title="Réalteolaíocht – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Réalteolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="天文學 – Ganyu" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="天文學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Ganyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lastronnonmi" title="Lastronnonmi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lastronnonmi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reul-e%C3%B2las" title="Reul-eòlas – Schots-Gaelisch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Reul-eòlas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schots-Gaelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom%C3%ADa" title="Astronomía – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Astronomía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbyjakuaa" title="Mbyjakuaa – Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mbyjakuaa" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B3%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="ખગોળશાસ્ત્ર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ખગોળશાસ્ત્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollageydys" title="Rollageydys – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Rollageydys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn-v%C3%B9n-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Thiên-vùn-ho̍k – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thiên-vùn-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilo_h%C5%8Dk%C5%AB" title="Kilo hōkū – Hawaïaans" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kilo hōkū" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaïaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94" title="אסטרונומיה – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסטרונומיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="खगोल शास्त्र – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खगोल शास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taara_vigyan" title="Taara vigyan – Fijisch Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Taara vigyan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fijisch Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija – Oppersorbisch" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astwonomi" title="Astwonomi – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Astwonomi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csillag%C3%A1szat" title="Csillagászat – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csillagászat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Աստղագիտություն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աստղագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Աստղագիտութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Աստղագիտութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="АйламӀилма – Ingoesjetisch" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="АйламӀилма" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingoesjetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomio" title="Astronomio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Astronomio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stj%C3%B6rnufr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Stjörnufræði – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stjörnufræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%93%AF%E1%93%9A%E1%93%AF%E1%90%85%E1%95%90%E1%93%82%E1%96%85" title="ᓯᓚᓯᐅᕐᓂᖅ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᓯᓚᓯᐅᕐᓂᖅ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="天文学 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="天文学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aschranami" title="Aschranami – Jamaicaans Creools" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Aschranami" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaicaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/kesyske" title="kesyske – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="kesyske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ასტრონომია – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ასტრონომია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiya" title="Astronomiya – Karakalpaks" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnallunt" title="Tasnallunt – Kabylisch" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tasnallunt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabylisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulloriarsiorneq" title="Ulloriarsiorneq – Groenlands" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Ulloriarsiorneq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Groenlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6" title="តារាវិទ្យា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="តារាវិទ្យា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಖಗೋಳಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%9C%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99" title="천문학 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="천문학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Karatsjaj-Balkarisch" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karatsjaj-Balkarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8E%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%90%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فَلکِیات – Kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="فَلکِیات" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%AArnas%C3%AE" title="Stêrnasî – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Stêrnasî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steronieth" title="Steronieth – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Steronieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiya" title="Astronomiya – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D3%80%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" title="ЦӀурттал элму – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="ЦӀурттал элму" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Lezgisch" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essomabwengula" title="Essomabwengula – Luganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Essomabwengula" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Luganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starekunde" title="Starekunde – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Starekunde" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Ligurisch" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamb%C3%AD_ma_nz%C9%94%CC%81t%C9%94" title="Mambí ma nzɔ́tɔ – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mambí ma nzɔ́tɔ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ດາລາສາດ – Laotiaans" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ດາລາສາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laotiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Madoerees" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madoerees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haikintana" title="Haikintana – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Haikintana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Астрономий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Астрономий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81tai_arorangi" title="Tātai arorangi – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tātai arorangi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Астрономија – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Астрономија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%83%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ജ്യോതിഃശാസ്ത്രം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജ്യോതിഃശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Одон орон – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Одон орон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯟ – Meitei" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Meitei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="खगोलशास्त्र – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खगोलशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Mirandees" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%80%E1%80%B9%E1%80%81%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="နက္ခတ္တဗေဒ – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နက္ခတ္တဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="اساره‌دونی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اساره‌دونی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilhuicamatiliztli" title="Ilhuicamatiliztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Ilhuicamatiliztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronumia" title="Astronumia – Napolitaans" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Astronumia" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Napolitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Nedersaksisch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steernskunde" title="Steernskunde – Nederduits" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Steernskunde" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="खगोल शास्त्र – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="खगोल शास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="खगोलशास्त्र – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="खगोलशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9B%DF%8A%DF%B2%DF%A1%DF%8A%DF%9B%DF%93%DF%8D" title="ߛߊ߲ߡߊߛߓߍ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߛߊ߲ߡߊߛߓߍ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrononmie" title="Astrononmie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Astrononmie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thutanaledi" title="Thutanaledi – Noord-Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Thutanaledi" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Noord-Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C3%A4htitiedo" title="Tiähtitiedo – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Tiähtitiedo" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xin-hawaa" title="Xin-hawaa – Afaan Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Xin-hawaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Afaan Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Астрономи – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Астрономи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਤਾਰਾ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਾਰਾ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrononmie" title="Astrononmie – Picardisch" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Astrononmie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estronomii" title="Estronomii – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Estronomii" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronom%C3%ACa" title="Astronomìa – Piëmontees" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Astronomìa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piëmontees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%BE%DA%91%DA%BE%D8%AA" title="تارا پڑھت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تارا پڑھت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="ستورپوهنه – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ستورپوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quyllur_yachay" title="Quyllur yachay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Quyllur yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Reto-Romaans" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Romaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chexanipen" title="Chexanipen – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Chexanipen" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – Aroemeens" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aroemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Астрономія – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Астрономія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="खगोलशास्त्रम् – Sanskriet" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="खगोलशास्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskriet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Jakoets" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Sardijns" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardijns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrunum%C3%ACa" title="Astrunumìa – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Astrunumìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Astronomy" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%90_%D9%81%D9%84%DA%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="علمِ فلڪيات – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="علمِ فلڪيات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AAnd%C3%A2tongo" title="Sêndâtongo – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Sêndâtongo" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnaggurt" title="Tasnaggurt – Tashelhiyt" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnaggurt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tashelhiyt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="තාරකා විද්‍යාව – Singalees" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තාරකා විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Astronomy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astron%C3%B3mia" title="Astronómia – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Astronómia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فلکیات – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="فلکیات" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomija" title="Astronomija – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Astronomija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saienisi_o_fet%C5%AB" title="Saienisi o fetū – Samoaans" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Saienisi o fetū" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvechadenga" title="Zvechadenga – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Zvechadenga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiddigmaal" title="Xiddigmaal – Somalisch" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Xiddigmaal" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Астрономија – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Астрономија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stiernkunde_af_Astronomie" title="Stiernkunde af Astronomie – Saterfries" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Stiernkunde af Astronomie" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Soendanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Soendanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elimuanga" title="Elimuanga – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Elimuanga" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astr%C5%8Dn%C5%8Dmij%C5%8F" title="Astrōnōmijŏ – Silezisch" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Astrōnōmijŏ" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silezisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="வானியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வானியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B3_%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಖಗೋಳ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಖಗೋಳ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B3_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="ఖగోళ శాస్త్రం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఖగోళ శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Ахтаршиносӣ – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ахтаршиносӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ดาราศาสตร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาราศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90-%E1%8A%AE%E1%8A%BE%E1%89%A5" title="ስነ-ኮኾብ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ስነ-ኮኾብ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi%C3%BDa" title="Astronomiýa – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Astronomiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiya" title="Astronomiya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomij%C9%99" title="Astronomijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Astronomijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estronomi" title="Estronomi – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Estronomi" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyondzo-Tinyeleti" title="Dyondzo-Tinyeleti – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Dyondzo-Tinyeleti" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Астрономия – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Астрономия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="ئاسترونومىيە – Oeigoers" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاسترونومىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Oeigoers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Астрономія – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Астрономія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فلکیات – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فلکیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiya" title="Astronomiya – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia" title="Astronomia – Venetiaans" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Astronomia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomii" title="Astronomii – Wepsisch" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Astronomii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Wepsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_v%C4%83n_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Thiên văn học – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thiên văn học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie – West-Vlaams" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Astronomie" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West-Vlaams" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stelav" title="Stelav – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Stelav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomeye" title="Astronomeye – Waals" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Astronomeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Waals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiya" title="Astronomiya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saytubiddiw" title="Saytubiddiw – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Saytubiddiw" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="天文學 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="天文學" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAstronomi" title="IAstronomi – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IAstronomi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ასტრონომია – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ასტრონომია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A2" title="אסטראנאמיע – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אסטראנאמיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ct%C3%B2r%C3%A0w%E1%BB%8D%CC%80" title="Ìtòràwọ̀ – Yoruba" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Laser_Towards_Milky_Ways_Centre.jpg/260px-Laser_Towards_Milky_Ways_Centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Laser_Towards_Milky_Ways_Centre.jpg/390px-Laser_Towards_Milky_Ways_Centre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Laser_Towards_Milky_Ways_Centre.jpg/520px-Laser_Towards_Milky_Ways_Centre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3631" /></a><figcaption>Een <a href="/wiki/Laser_(licht)" title="Laser (licht)">laser</a> gericht op de <a href="/wiki/Melkweg_(sterrenstelsel)" title="Melkweg (sterrenstelsel)">Melkweg</a> vanuit het <a href="/wiki/Very_Large_Telescope" title="Very Large Telescope">Paranal-observatorium</a> in Chili</figcaption></figure> <table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56498100">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">Deel van een <a href="/wiki/Categorie:Astronomie" title="Categorie:Astronomie">serie</a> artikelen over</span><br /><big><big>Sterrenkunde</big></big> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:The_starry_night_invites_to_go_out_and_look_to_the_stars.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Het La Silla-observatorium in Chili"><img alt="Het La Silla-observatorium in Chili" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/The_starry_night_invites_to_go_out_and_look_to_the_stars.jpg/264px-The_starry_night_invites_to_go_out_and_look_to_the_stars.jpg" decoding="async" width="264" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/The_starry_night_invites_to_go_out_and_look_to_the_stars.jpg/396px-The_starry_night_invites_to_go_out_and_look_to_the_stars.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/The_starry_night_invites_to_go_out_and_look_to_the_stars.jpg/528px-The_starry_night_invites_to_go_out_and_look_to_the_stars.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><small>Het <a href="/wiki/La_Silla-observatorium" title="La Silla-observatorium">La Silla-observatorium</a> in Chili</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="3">Algemeen </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"> <p><a href="/wiki/Heelal" title="Heelal">Heelal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hemellichaam" title="Hemellichaam">Hemellichaam</a> · <a href="/wiki/Magnitude" title="Magnitude">Magnitude</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oerknal" title="Oerknal">Oerknal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sterrenstelsel" title="Sterrenstelsel">Sterrenstelsel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Telescoop_(optica)" title="Telescoop (optica)">Telescoop</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="3">Objecten en fenomenen </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"> <p><a href="/wiki/Donkere_materie" title="Donkere materie">Donkere materie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Komeet" title="Komeet">Komeet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Maan" title="Maan">Maan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nevels_en_gaswolken" title="Nevels en gaswolken">Nevel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet">Planeet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Quasar" title="Quasar">Quasar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ster_(hemellichaam)" title="Ster (hemellichaam)">Ster</a> · <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zwart_gat" title="Zwart gat">Zwart gat</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="3">Vakgebieden </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"> <p><a href="/wiki/Astrobiologie" title="Astrobiologie">Astrobiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Astrochemie" title="Astrochemie">Astrochemie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Astrofysica" title="Astrofysica">Astrofysica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Astrometrie" title="Astrometrie">Astrometrie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kosmologie" title="Kosmologie">Kosmologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Radioastronomie" title="Radioastronomie">Radioastronomie</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop center notheme" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Astronomie" title="Portaal:Astronomie">Astronomie</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Astronomie</b> of <b>sterrenkunde</b> is de <a href="/wiki/Natuurwetenschap" title="Natuurwetenschap">natuurwetenschap</a> die zich bezighoudt met de waarneming en bestudering van alle fenomenen buiten de atmosfeer van de <a href="/wiki/Aarde_(planeet)" title="Aarde (planeet)">Aarde</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-new_cosmos_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-new_cosmos-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De sterrenkunde richt zich niet alleen op <a href="/wiki/Ster_(hemellichaam)" title="Ster (hemellichaam)">sterren</a> en <a href="/wiki/Sterrenstelsel" title="Sterrenstelsel">sterrenstelsels</a>, maar ook op vele andere structuren en verschijnselen die voorkomen in het <a href="/wiki/Heelal" title="Heelal">heelal</a>, zoals <a href="/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet">planeten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maan" title="Maan">manen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevels_en_gaswolken" title="Nevels en gaswolken">nevels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernova's</a> en <a href="/wiki/Zwart_gat" title="Zwart gat">zwarte gaten</a>. </p><p>Astronomen combineren inzichten uit de <a href="/wiki/Wiskunde" title="Wiskunde">wiskunde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natuurkunde" title="Natuurkunde">natuurkunde</a> en <a href="/wiki/Scheikunde" title="Scheikunde">scheikunde</a> om het ontstaan, het gedrag en de ontwikkeling van hemellichamen door de tijd te verklaren. Waarnemingen, die veelal met <a href="/wiki/Telescoop_(optica)" title="Telescoop (optica)">telescopen</a> worden verkregen, kunnen met natuurkundige wetten en principes, of door middel van computationele modellen, worden beschreven en uitgelegd.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Professionele astronomen hebben vaak een stevige achtergrond in de fysica. </p><p>De astronomie is een van de weinige wetenschappen waar ook hobbyisten (<a href="/wiki/Amateurastronomie" title="Amateurastronomie">amateurastronomen</a>) een actieve rol in kunnen spelen, vooral bij het ontdekken en observeren van voorbijgaande astronomische gebeurtenissen. De namen van veel eenmalige <a href="/wiki/Kometen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kometen">kometen</a> zijn bijvoorbeeld meestal ontleend aan amateurastronomen die deze komeet als eerste waarnamen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymologie">Etymologie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Etymologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Etymologie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het woord astronomie komt van het Griekse woord αστρονομία (astronomia), een samenstelling van ἄστρον (astron, ster of sterrenbeeld) en νόμος (nomos, wet): het toekennen van wetmatigheden aan sterren. Het woord <i>sterrenkunde</i> werd geïntroduceerd door de Vlaamse wetenschapper <a href="/wiki/Simon_Stevin" title="Simon Stevin">Simon Stevin</a> rond 1600. </p><p>Astronomie moet niet worden verward met <a href="/wiki/Astrologie" title="Astrologie">astrologie</a>, het geloof in de veronderstelde invloed van de stand van de hemellichamen op het aardse leven en de lotgevallen van mensen. Hoewel beide kennisgebieden historisch gezien dezelfde oorsprong hebben, zijn het tegenwoordig twee totaal verschillende begrippen.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 'Astronomie' wordt in zijn moderne betekenis vaak synoniem gebruikt met '<a href="/wiki/Astrofysica" title="Astrofysica">astrofysica</a>', het vakgebied dat zich specifiek richt op natuurkundige eigenschappen van hemellichamen, in plaats van hun <a href="/wiki/Hemelmechanica" title="Hemelmechanica">positie en beweging</a> door de ruimte.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis_van_de_astronomie" title="Geschiedenis van de astronomie">Geschiedenis van de astronomie</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oudheid">Oudheid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Oudheid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Oudheid"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Griekse_astronomie" class="mw-redirect" title="Griekse astronomie">Griekse astronomie</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento,tramonto_fondachelli_fantina,_sicilia.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG/260px-Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG/390px-Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG/520px-Equinozio_da_Pizzo_Vento%2Ctramonto_fondachelli_fantina%2C_sicilia.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>equinox van de prehistorische site van Pizzo Vento in <a href="/wiki/Fondachelli-Fantina" title="Fondachelli-Fantina">Fondachelli Fantina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sicili%C3%AB" title="Sicilië">Sicilië</a></figcaption></figure> <p>De astronomie is een zeer oude <a href="/wiki/Wetenschap" title="Wetenschap">wetenschap</a> die al bestond in het <a href="/wiki/Oude_Egypte" title="Oude Egypte">oude Egypte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sumeri%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumerië">Sumerië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indusbeschaving" title="Indusbeschaving">India in de oudheid</a> en het <a href="/wiki/Chinese_keizerrijk" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese keizerrijk">Chinese keizerrijk</a>. In het prille begin hield de astronomie zich alleen bezig met de bewegingen van de objecten langs de hemel, zoals de <a href="/wiki/Zon" title="Zon">zon</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Maan" title="Maan">maan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet">planeten</a> en andere <a href="/wiki/Hemellichamen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemellichamen">hemellichamen</a>. Men kon langzamerhand spectaculaire verschijnselen voorspellen, zoals <a href="/wiki/Zonsverduistering" title="Zonsverduistering">zons-</a> en <a href="/wiki/Maansverduistering" title="Maansverduistering">maansverduisteringen</a>. Ook het verschijnen van <a href="/wiki/Komeet" title="Komeet">kometen</a> sprak erg tot de verbeelding. Deze aan het hemelgewelf waargenomen verschijnselen werden door <a href="/wiki/Babyloni%C3%AB" title="Babylonië">Babylonische</a> astronomen in verband gebracht met gebeurtenissen op Aarde, wat ook het begin betekende van de <a href="/wiki/Astrologie" title="Astrologie">astrologie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De astronomie was in die begintijd beperkt tot de objecten die met het blote oog zichtbaar zijn. De oude Grieken brachten de astronomie een stuk verder, bijvoorbeeld door de definitie van de <a href="/wiki/Dierenriem" title="Dierenriem">dierenriem</a>, een band van 12 <a href="/wiki/Sterrenbeeld" title="Sterrenbeeld">sterrenbeelden</a> waardoorheen de zon, maan en planeten bewegen. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Stone_from_Tal-Qadi_Temple,_National_Museum_of_Archaeology,_Valletta_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sterrenkaart gevonden in de Tal-Qadi tempel (een van de Megalithische tempels van Malta)"><img alt="Sterrenkaart gevonden in de Tal-Qadi tempel (een van de Megalithische tempels van Malta)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Stone_from_Tal-Qadi_Temple%2C_National_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Valletta_001.jpg/120px-Stone_from_Tal-Qadi_Temple%2C_National_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Valletta_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Stone_from_Tal-Qadi_Temple%2C_National_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Valletta_001.jpg/180px-Stone_from_Tal-Qadi_Temple%2C_National_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Valletta_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Stone_from_Tal-Qadi_Temple%2C_National_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Valletta_001.jpg/240px-Stone_from_Tal-Qadi_Temple%2C_National_Museum_of_Archaeology%2C_Valletta_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2128" data-file-height="1505" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sterrenkaart gevonden in de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tal-Qadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tal-Qadi (de pagina bestaat niet)">Tal-Qadi</a> tempel (een van de <a href="/wiki/Megalithische_tempels_van_Malta" title="Megalithische tempels van Malta">Megalithische tempels van Malta</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Himmelstafel.Tal-Qadi.Zuordnung.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Sterrenkaart gevonden in de Tal-Qadi tempel (een van de Megalithische tempels van Malta)"><img alt="Sterrenkaart gevonden in de Tal-Qadi tempel (een van de Megalithische tempels van Malta)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Himmelstafel.Tal-Qadi.Zuordnung.png/120px-Himmelstafel.Tal-Qadi.Zuordnung.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Himmelstafel.Tal-Qadi.Zuordnung.png/180px-Himmelstafel.Tal-Qadi.Zuordnung.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Himmelstafel.Tal-Qadi.Zuordnung.png/240px-Himmelstafel.Tal-Qadi.Zuordnung.png 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sterrenkaart gevonden in de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tal-Qadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tal-Qadi (de pagina bestaat niet)">Tal-Qadi</a> tempel (een van de <a href="/wiki/Megalithische_tempels_van_Malta" title="Megalithische tempels van Malta">Megalithische tempels van Malta</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Nebra_Scheibe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hemelschijf van Nebra"><img alt="Hemelschijf van Nebra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Nebra_Scheibe.jpg/120px-Nebra_Scheibe.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Nebra_Scheibe.jpg/180px-Nebra_Scheibe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Nebra_Scheibe.jpg/240px-Nebra_Scheibe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1611" data-file-height="1584" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hemelschijf_van_Nebra" title="Hemelschijf van Nebra">Hemelschijf van Nebra</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middeleeuwen_en_renaissance">Middeleeuwen en renaissance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Middeleeuwen en renaissance" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Middeleeuwen en renaissance"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg/260px-Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg/390px-Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg/520px-Studying_astronomy_and_geometry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1248" data-file-height="752" /></a><figcaption>Astronomie en <a href="/wiki/Meetkunde" title="Meetkunde">geometrie</a> in de middeleeuwen. Voorwerpen die gehanteerd worden zijn o.a. een <a href="/wiki/Armillarium" title="Armillarium">armillarium</a> en een <a href="/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas">kompas</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Middeleeuwen" title="Middeleeuwen">middeleeuwen</a> maakte vooral de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabische_astronomie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabische astronomie (de pagina bestaat niet)">Arabische astronomie</a> een bloeitijd door. Veel namen van sterren stammen dan ook uit het <a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a>. </p><p>De ontwikkeling van de astronomie in Europa stond echter niet volledig stil. Tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Eerste_Concilie_van_Nicea" title="Eerste Concilie van Nicea">Eerste Concilie van Nicea</a> in 325 kozen de bisschoppen niet voor een vaste datum voor <a href="/wiki/Pasen" title="Pasen">Pasen</a>, maar voor de eerste zondag na de <a href="/wiki/Paasvollemaan" title="Paasvollemaan">paasvollemaan</a>. Deze afhankelijkheid van de <a href="/wiki/Schijnbare_beweging" title="Schijnbare beweging">schijnbare jaarlijkse beweging</a> van de <a href="/wiki/Zon" title="Zon">Zon</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Schijngestalte" title="Schijngestalte">maanstand</a> om tot de <a href="/wiki/Paas-_en_pinksterdatum" title="Paas- en pinksterdatum">paasdatum</a> te komen, stimuleerde de astronomie, meer specifiek de <i><a href="/wiki/Computus_paschalis" title="Computus paschalis">computus paschalis</a></i>, en daarmee de <a href="/wiki/Wetenschap_in_de_middeleeuwen" title="Wetenschap in de middeleeuwen">wetenschap in de middeleeuwen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1543 stelde <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Copernicus" title="Nicolaas Copernicus">Copernicus</a> een theoretisch astronomisch model op, waarin de <a href="/wiki/Zon" title="Zon">Zon</a> in het midden staat van het <a href="/wiki/Zonnestelsel" title="Zonnestelsel">zonnestelsel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Heliocentrische_theorie" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliocentrische theorie">heliocentrisme</a>). Zijn werk werd verdedigd en verder ontwikkeld door <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a> en <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a>. Dankzij de uitvinding van de telescoop aan het eind van de 16e eeuw, was het mogelijk om de ruimte diepgaander te bestuderen. Kepler beschreef als eerste op een correcte manier de bewegingen van de <a href="/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet">planeten</a> rondom de Zon. Kepler had echter geen inzicht in de achterliggende oorzaak van de <i><a href="/wiki/Wetten_van_Kepler" title="Wetten van Kepler">Wetten van Kepler</a></i> die hij afleidde uit zijn waarnemingen. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Cellarius_ptolemaic_system_c2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="De Aarde als centrum van het heelal"><img alt="De Aarde als centrum van het heelal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Cellarius_ptolemaic_system_c2.jpg/120px-Cellarius_ptolemaic_system_c2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Cellarius_ptolemaic_system_c2.jpg/180px-Cellarius_ptolemaic_system_c2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Cellarius_ptolemaic_system_c2.jpg/240px-Cellarius_ptolemaic_system_c2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6001" data-file-height="5022" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">De Aarde als centrum van het heelal</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nieuwe_tijd_en_heden">Nieuwe tijd en heden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Nieuwe tijd en heden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Nieuwe tijd en heden"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Maksutov-Cassegrain_Intes_M703_mounted.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Maksutov-Cassegrain_Intes_M703_mounted.jpg/260px-Maksutov-Cassegrain_Intes_M703_mounted.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Maksutov-Cassegrain_Intes_M703_mounted.jpg/390px-Maksutov-Cassegrain_Intes_M703_mounted.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Maksutov-Cassegrain_Intes_M703_mounted.jpg/520px-Maksutov-Cassegrain_Intes_M703_mounted.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="2444" /></a><figcaption>Amateurtelescoop (type Maksoetov-Cassegrain)</figcaption></figure> <p>Begrip van <a href="/wiki/Zwaartekracht" title="Zwaartekracht">zwaartekracht</a> en hemelse <a href="/wiki/Dynamica" title="Dynamica">dynamica</a> waren ontdekkingen van <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>, die daarmee de bewegingen van de planeten volledig verklaarde. </p><p>Men ontdekte dat sterren heel ver van ons verwijderd zijn. Met de uitvinding van de <a href="/wiki/Astronomische_spectroscopie" title="Astronomische spectroscopie">spectroscopie</a> werd bewezen dat sterren gelijksoortige objecten zijn als onze eigen Zon, maar met een grote variëteit aan <a href="/wiki/Temperatuur" title="Temperatuur">temperaturen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massa_(natuurkunde)" title="Massa (natuurkunde)">massa</a>'s en omvang. Dat de <a href="/wiki/Melkweg_(sterrenstelsel)" title="Melkweg (sterrenstelsel)">Melkweg</a> bestaat uit een aparte groep van sterren werd pas bewezen in de twintigste eeuw. Toen werden ook andere sterrenstelsels ontdekt, alsmede <a href="/wiki/Nevels_en_gaswolken" title="Nevels en gaswolken">nevels en gaswolken</a>. Kort daarop werd de uitdijing van het heelal aangetoond op grond van de <a href="/wiki/Roodverschuiving" title="Roodverschuiving">roodverschuiving</a> die ontstaat door het <a href="/wiki/Dopplereffect" title="Dopplereffect">dopplereffect</a>. Hieruit blijkt dat de meeste van die andere sterrenstelsels van ons af bewegen. </p><p>Aanvankelijk meende men dat het <a href="/wiki/Zonnestelsel" title="Zonnestelsel">zonnestelsel</a> ophield bij de baan van <a href="/wiki/Pluto_(dwergplaneet)" title="Pluto (dwergplaneet)">Pluto</a>. Een probleem bleef echter de herkomst van <a href="/wiki/Komeet" title="Komeet">kometen</a> met vaak <a href="/wiki/Hyperbool_(meetkunde)" title="Hyperbool (meetkunde)">hyperbolische</a> banen, die erop wijzen dat ze van zeer grote afstand komen. De astronoom <a href="/wiki/Jan_Hendrik_Oort" title="Jan Hendrik Oort">Jan Hendrik Oort</a> stelde in <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a> de <a href="/wiki/Oortwolk" title="Oortwolk">Oortwolk</a> voor: een reservoir van miljarden komeetachtige lichamen die overgebleven zijn na de vorming van het zonnestelsel en zich uitstrekt tot wel één à twee <a href="/wiki/Lichtjaar" title="Lichtjaar">lichtjaar</a> rondom het zonnestelsel. In <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a> werd het bestaan van de <a href="/wiki/Kuipergordel" title="Kuipergordel">Kuipergordel</a> gesuggereerd door de Nederlands-Amerikaanse <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Kuiper" title="Gerard Kuiper">Gerard Kuiper</a>. Hier zouden de kortperiodieke kometen vandaan komen; dat wil zeggen de kometen met een omlooptijd van tussen de 50 en een paar duizend jaar en met de grootste concentratie van komeetlichamen net voorbij de baan van <a href="/wiki/Neptunus_(planeet)" title="Neptunus (planeet)">Neptunus</a>. Inmiddels zijn er al verscheidene objecten tussen de afmetingen van kometen en Pluto in gevonden in deze gordels waarmee het bestaan hoogstwaarschijnlijk is bewezen. </p><p>Het vakgebied <a href="/wiki/Kosmologie" title="Kosmologie">kosmologie</a> werd met enorme sprongen voorwaarts gebracht in de 20e eeuw door het model van de <a href="/wiki/Oerknal" title="Oerknal">oerknal</a>. Een theorie die door bewijsmateriaal vanuit de astronomie en de natuurkunde wordt ondersteund, zoals de <a href="/wiki/Kosmische_achtergrondstraling" title="Kosmische achtergrondstraling">kosmische microgolf achtergrondstraling</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Wet_van_Hubble" class="mw-redirect" title="Wet van Hubble">wet van Hubble</a> en het relatieve voorkomen van de verschillende elementen in het heelal. </p><p>In 1995 werd bij de ster <a href="/wiki/51_Pegasi" title="51 Pegasi">51 Pegasi</a> de eerste planeet buiten het zonnestelsel ontdekt met behulp van betere telescopen. In de daaropvolgende jaren zijn er nog veel meer van deze <a href="/wiki/Exoplaneet" title="Exoplaneet">exoplaneten</a> ontdekt. </p><p>Met de komst van de <a href="/wiki/Ruimtevaart" title="Ruimtevaart">ruimtevaart</a> zijn astronomische ontdekkingen in een grote versnelling terechtgekomen. Uit de <a href="/wiki/Algemene_relativiteitstheorie" title="Algemene relativiteitstheorie">algemene relativiteitstheorie</a> volgt de mogelijkheid van het bestaan van <a href="/wiki/Zwart_gat" title="Zwart gat">zwarte gaten</a>, die ook al direct zijn waargenomen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Waarnemingen">Waarnemingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Waarnemingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Waarnemingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Informatie over hemellichamen en astronomische verschijnselen kan alleen verkregen worden door waarnemingen. De meeste waarnemingen worden gedaan door middel van detectie en analyse van <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetische_straling" title="Elektromagnetische straling">elektromagnetische straling</a>. Hiertoe behoort zichtbaar licht, maar ook delen van het spectrum die het menselijk oog ontgaan. Verwacht wordt dat in de toekomst ook <a href="/wiki/Zwaartekracht#zwaartekrachtgolven" title="Zwaartekracht">zwaartekrachtgolven</a> informatie over kosmische gebeurtenissen aan ons kunnen overbrengen. </p> <div class="thumb" style="margin-top:1em;"><div class="thumbinner" style="max-width:x225px; margin:0 auto;"><div class="noresize" style="overflow-x:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:The_Moon_and_the_Arc_of_the_Milky_Way03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="De Atacama Large Millimeter Array, een gigantisch observatorium van 66 radiotelescopen in Noord-Chili. De atmosfeer is daar zo droog en helder, dat de telescopen het hele jaar lang met minimale interferentie kunnen opereren."><img alt="De Atacama Large Millimeter Array, een gigantisch observatorium van 66 radiotelescopen in Noord-Chili. De atmosfeer is daar zo droog en helder, dat de telescopen het hele jaar lang met minimale interferentie kunnen opereren." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/The_Moon_and_the_Arc_of_the_Milky_Way03.jpg/1308px-The_Moon_and_the_Arc_of_the_Milky_Way03.jpg" decoding="async" width="1308" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/The_Moon_and_the_Arc_of_the_Milky_Way03.jpg/1965px-The_Moon_and_the_Arc_of_the_Milky_Way03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/The_Moon_and_the_Arc_of_the_Milky_Way03.jpg/2616px-The_Moon_and_the_Arc_of_the_Milky_Way03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8183" data-file-height="1408" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center;">De <a href="/wiki/Atacama_Large_Millimeter_Array" title="Atacama Large Millimeter Array">Atacama Large Millimeter Array</a>, een gigantisch observatorium van 66 <a href="/wiki/Radiotelescoop" title="Radiotelescoop">radiotelescopen</a> in Noord-Chili. De atmosfeer is daar zo droog en helder, dat de telescopen het hele jaar lang met minimale interferentie kunnen opereren.</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Optische_astronomie">Optische astronomie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Optische astronomie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Optische astronomie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De optische astronomie maakt gebruik van zichtbaar licht. Het meest gebruikte instrument daarvoor is de <a href="/wiki/Telescoop_(optica)" title="Telescoop (optica)">telescoop</a>, aangevuld met elektronische beeldverwerkingstechnieken en <a href="/wiki/Astronomische_spectroscopie" title="Astronomische spectroscopie">spectrogrammen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infraroodastronomie">Infraroodastronomie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Infraroodastronomie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Infraroodastronomie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De <a href="/wiki/Infraroodastronomie" title="Infraroodastronomie">infraroodastronomie</a> voert waarnemingen uit bij langere golflengten dan die van het zichtbare licht. Ook dit wordt gedaan met behulp van telescopen, die speciaal worden ontworpen voor het waarnemen van infrarood. Omdat infrarood licht sterk wordt geabsorbeerd door waterdamp, worden infraroodwaarnemingen meestal uitgevoerd op hoge locaties, bijvoorbeeld op een berg. Bekende hoge locaties zijn de observatoria op de <a href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chili" title="Chili">Chili</a>, op <a href="/wiki/Hawa%C3%AF" title="Hawaï">Hawaï</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Canarische_Eilanden" title="Canarische Eilanden">Canarische Eilanden</a>. Vroeger werden ook vaak instrumenten aan <a href="/wiki/Luchtballon" title="Luchtballon">ballonnen</a> gebruikt die op grote hoogte waarnemingen deden. De <a href="/wiki/Ruimtetelescoop" title="Ruimtetelescoop">ruimtetelescoop</a> heeft daarbij nog grotere voordelen, omdat daarmee nog meer ruis vanuit de <a href="/wiki/Aardatmosfeer" title="Aardatmosfeer">atmosfeer</a> kan worden geëlimineerd. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radioastronomie">Radioastronomie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Radioastronomie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Radioastronomie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Radioastronomie" title="Radioastronomie">Radioastronomie</a> gebruikt geheel andere instrumenten, namelijk <a href="/wiki/Radiotelescoop" title="Radiotelescoop">radiotelescopen</a> om radiostraling met een golflengte van <a href="/wiki/Millimeter" title="Millimeter">millimeters</a> of <a href="/wiki/Centimeter" title="Centimeter">centimeters</a> waar te nemen. De ontvangers lijken op de ontvangers voor normale radio-ontvangst. Momenteel bouwt <a href="/wiki/ASTRON" title="ASTRON">ASTRON</a> (Netherlands foundation for research in astronomy) de grootste radiotelescoop ter wereld, <a href="/wiki/LOFAR" title="LOFAR">LOFAR</a> genoemd. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Röntgen-_en_gamma-astronomie"><span id="R.C3.B6ntgen-_en_gamma-astronomie"></span>Röntgen- en gamma-astronomie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Röntgen- en gamma-astronomie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Röntgen- en gamma-astronomie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Voor <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6ntgenstraling" title="Röntgenstraling">röntgenstraling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gammastraling" title="Gammastraling">gammastraling</a> en ultraviolette straling is de atmosfeer vrijwel ondoorzichtig, met uitzondering van een paar golflengten, waarvoor de atmosfeer wel transparant is. Deze waarnemingen worden dus veelal ook vanuit de ruimte gedaan, of vanuit luchtballonnen. De <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6ntgenastronomie" title="Röntgenastronomie">röntgenastronomie</a> en <a href="/wiki/Gamma-astronomie" title="Gamma-astronomie">gamma-astronomie</a> met behulp van vooral <a href="/wiki/Kunstmaan" title="Kunstmaan">satellieten</a> leidde tot vele nieuwe inzichten. </p><p>Sinds enige jaren wordt in het <a href="/wiki/SETI" title="SETI">SETI</a>-Project gezocht naar signalen uit het heelal die op ander leven duiden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beroemde_astronomen_en_astrofysici">Beroemde astronomen en astrofysici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Beroemde astronomen en astrofysici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=11" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Beroemde astronomen en astrofysici"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Christiaan_Huygens.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Christiaan_Huygens.gif/260px-Christiaan_Huygens.gif" decoding="async" width="260" height="455" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Christiaan_Huygens.gif/390px-Christiaan_Huygens.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Christiaan_Huygens.gif/520px-Christiaan_Huygens.gif 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="979" /></a><figcaption>Christiaan Huygens</figcaption></figure> <p>Belangrijke wis- en natuurkundigen die bijdroegen aan de kennis van de hemellichamen en de werking van de kosmos. Zie ook de <a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_astronomen" title="Lijst van astronomen">lijst van astronomen</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68175564">.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst ul,.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst li,.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst dd{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0.1em;page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-0 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst li,html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-0 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst dd{line-height:1.5714285em}html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst li,html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst dd{line-height:1.6em}html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-2 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst li,html.vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-2 .mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst dd{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .kolommen-lijst{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst figure{break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .kolommen-lijst{clear:both}}</style><div class="kolommen-lijst" style="column-width:15em; column-count:3; max-width:47em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna">Avicenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Marie_Amp%C3%A8re" title="André-Marie Ampère">André-Marie Ampère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Bayer" title="Johannes Bayer">Johannes Bayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bessel" title="Friedrich Bessel">Friedrich Bessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Cannon" title="Annie Cannon">Annie Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anders_Celsius" title="Anders Celsius">Anders Celsius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Copernicus" title="Nicolaas Copernicus">Nicolaas Copernicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_al-Fazari" title="Mohammed al-Fazari">Mohammed al-Fazari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hale" title="George Hale">George Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Hubble" title="Edwin Hubble">Edwin Hubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Huggins" title="William Huggins">William Huggins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Huygens" title="Christiaan Huygens">Christiaan Huygens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Cornelius_Kapteyn" title="Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn">Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Khayy%C3%A1m" title="Omar Khayyám">Omar Khayyám</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Robert_Kirchhoff" title="Gustav Robert Kirchhoff">Gustav Robert Kirchhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Chwarizmi" title="Al-Chwarizmi">Mohammad ibn-Moesa al-Chwarizmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Leavitt" title="Henrietta Leavitt">Henrietta Leavitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Messier" title="Charles Messier">Charles Messier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Maurits_Mohr" title="Johan Maurits Mohr">Johan Maurits Mohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Hendrik_Oort" title="Jan Hendrik Oort">Jan Hendrik Oort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Pannekoek" title="Anton Pannekoek">Anton Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Ptolemaeus" title="Claudius Ptolemaeus">Claudius Ptolemaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Carl Sagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hoyle" title="Fred Hoyle">Fred Hoyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maarten_Schmidt" title="Maarten Schmidt">Maarten Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_deGrasse_Tyson" title="Neil deGrasse Tyson">Neil deGrasse Tyson</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=12" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomie_van_A_tot_Z" title="Astronomie van A tot Z">Astronomie van A tot Z</a>, overzicht van sterrenkundige artikelen op Wikipedia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_astronomische_tijdschriften" title="Lijst van astronomische tijdschriften">Lijst van astronomische tijdschriften</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_sterren" title="Lijst van sterren">Lijst van sterren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterrenbeeld" title="Sterrenbeeld">Sterrenbeeld</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&action=edit&section=13" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.astronomie.nl/">NOVA</a> Publieks- en scholierenwebsite over de sterrenkunde in Nederland met o.a. nieuws, achtergronden, een encyclopedie en een beeldbank</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070401043427/http://www.astrostart.nl/">Astrostart</a> Actuele Nederlandstalige nieuwssite op het gebied van astronomie, ruimtevaart en meteorologie</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronieuws.nl/">Astronieuws</a> De nieuwspagina van het tijdschrift Zenit</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.astron.nl/">Stichting Astron Nederland - astron.nl</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.astroversum.nl/">Astroversum</a> Actuele Nederlandstalige site over astronomie en ruimtevaart</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vvs.be/">Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde</a> De grootste amateur vereniging in België met talrijke lokale afdelingen</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sterrenkunde.nl/jwg">Jongerenwerkgroep voor sterrenkunde</a> Jongerenvereniging voor Sterrenkunde van 8 t/m 21 jaar in Nederland</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050403211344/https://www.vvs.be/jvs/">Jongerenvereniging Voor Sterrenkunde</a> Overkoepelende Jongerenvereniging voor Sterrenkunde van 8 t/m 21 jaar in Vlaanderen</li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-new_cosmos-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-new_cosmos_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2001_1-2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Unsöld A, Baschek B.</span> (2001). <cite><i>The New Cosmos: An Introduction to Astronomy and Astrophysics</i></cite>. Springer, "Introduction", pp. 1-2. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-3-540-67877-9" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-3-540-67877-9">ISBN 978-3-540-67877-9</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2007"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Karttunen H, Kröger P.</span> (2007). Introduction. In:  <i>Fundamental Astronomy</i>. Springer, pp. 1-9. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-3-540-34144-4" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-3-540-34144-4">ISBN 978-3-540-34144-4</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2013_1-4"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ian Morison</span> (2013). <cite><i>Introduction to Astronomy and Cosmology</i></cite>. John Wiley & Sons, pp. 1-4. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-118-68152-7" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-1-118-68152-7">ISBN 978-1-118-68152-7</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFLosev2012"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Losev, A.</span> (2012). <cite>'Astronomy' or 'astrology': A brief history of an apparent confusion</cite>. <i>Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage</i> <b>15</b> (1): 42. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1006.5209">10.48550/arXiv.1006.5209</a>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREF2001_274"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Murdin, P.</span> (2001). <cite><i>Encyclopedia of Astronomy & Astrophysics</i></cite>. CRC Press, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.nl/books?id=R5dBEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA274&">Astrophysics to 1900</a>", pp. 274. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-0-7503-0440-5" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978-0-7503-0440-5">ISBN 978-0-7503-0440-5</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Een van de oudste en best bewaarde tabletten is het zogenaamde <i>Venus-tablet van Ammisaduqa</i>, dat beschreven werd ten tijde van het heerserschap van koning <i>Ammisaduqa van Babylon</i>, ergens tussen 1646 en 1626 v.Chr. Hieruit wordt duidelijk dat aan de planeet Venus goede uitwerkingen werden toebedacht.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Ewing_Duncan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Ewing Duncan (de pagina bestaat niet)">Duncan, D.E.</a></span> (1998): <i>The Calendar. The 5000-year struggle to align the clock and the heavens—and what happened to the missing ten days</i>, Fourth Estate, p. 79</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Astronomie" class="navigatie-titel"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Astronomie</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>Disciplines:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Archeoastronomie" title="Archeoastronomie">archeoastronomie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Astrobiologie" title="Astrobiologie">astrobiologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Astrochemie" title="Astrochemie">astrochemie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Astrodeeltjesfysica" title="Astrodeeltjesfysica">astrodeeltjesfysica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Astrofysica" title="Astrofysica">astrofysica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gamma-astronomie" title="Gamma-astronomie">gamma-astronomie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kosmologie" title="Kosmologie">kosmologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Planetologie" title="Planetologie">planetologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Infraroodastronomie" title="Infraroodastronomie">infraroodastronomie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Radioastronomie" title="Radioastronomie">radioastronomie</a> · <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6ntgenastronomie" title="Röntgenastronomie">röntgenastronomie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Submillimeterastronomie" title="Submillimeterastronomie">submillimeterastronomie</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Hemellichaam" title="Hemellichaam">Hemellichamen</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Komeet" title="Komeet">komeet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Natuurlijke_maan" title="Natuurlijke maan">manen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maan_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maan (hoofdbetekenis)">Maan</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Meteoro%C3%AFde" title="Meteoroïde">meteoroïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nevels_en_gaswolken" title="Nevels en gaswolken">nevels en gaswolken</a> · <a href="/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet">planeet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aarde_(planeet)" title="Aarde (planeet)">Aarde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dwergplaneet" title="Dwergplaneet">dwergplaneet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Exoplaneet" title="Exoplaneet">exoplaneet</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Planeto%C3%AFde" title="Planetoïde">planetoïde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ster_(hemellichaam)" title="Ster (hemellichaam)">ster</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dubbelster" title="Dubbelster">dubbelster</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zon_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zon (hoofdbetekenis)">Zon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Veranderlijke_ster" title="Veranderlijke ster">veranderlijke ster</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Sterrenhoop" title="Sterrenhoop">sterrenhoop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zwart_gat" title="Zwart gat">zwart gat</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Stelsels:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Supercluster" title="Supercluster">supercluster</a> (<a href="/wiki/Laniakea" title="Laniakea">Laniakea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Virgosupercluster" title="Virgosupercluster">Virgosupercluster</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Cluster_(astronomie)" title="Cluster (astronomie)">cluster</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lokale_Groep" title="Lokale Groep">Lokale Groep</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Sterrenstelsel" title="Sterrenstelsel">sterrenstelsel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Melkweg_(sterrenstelsel)" title="Melkweg (sterrenstelsel)">Melkweg</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Planetenstelsel" title="Planetenstelsel">planetenstelsel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zonnestelsel" title="Zonnestelsel">zonnestelsel</a>)</td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Heelal" title="Heelal">Heelal</a></b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Oerknal" title="Oerknal">oerknal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Waarneembaar_heelal" title="Waarneembaar heelal">waarneembaar heelal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Big_Crunch" title="Big Crunch">Big Crunch</a> · <a href="/wiki/Big_Chill" title="Big Chill">Big Chill</a> · <a href="/wiki/Big_Rip" title="Big Rip">Big Rip</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Overig:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Atmosfeer_(astronomie)" title="Atmosfeer (astronomie)">atmosfeer</a> · <a href="/wiki/Messierobject" title="Messierobject">messierobject</a> · <a href="/wiki/Multiversum" title="Multiversum">multiversum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sterrenbeeld" title="Sterrenbeeld">sterrenbeeld</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r63829521">.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten{padding:0;font-size:90%;clear:both;margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten-klein{padding-bottom:5px;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten-kop{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten-lijst{display:inline;margin-left:0;padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten-kop,.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten li,.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten-klein li{display:inline-block;margin:0.4em 0.6em;white-space:nowrap;line-height:1.4em;width:12.5em}.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten-klein li{width:17.5em;max-height:20px}.mw-parser-output .zuster-logo{display:inline-block;text-align:center;width:34px}.mw-parser-output .zuster-tekst{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten-klein .zuster-op{display:inline}@media screen and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten li,.mw-parser-output .zusterprojecten-klein li{max-height:initial;line-height:inherit}}</style> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot zusterprojecten toccolours noprint"> <div class="zusterprojecten-kop"><b>Op andere <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia</a>-projecten</b></div><br /> <ul class="zusterprojecten-lijst"> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Astronomy" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Astronomy">Mediabestanden</a></div><li><div class="zuster-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="zuster-tekst"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Astronomy" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Astronomy"><i><b>Astronomie</b></i></a><div class="zuster-op"> op Commons</div></div></li><div class="interProject wiktionary mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/astronomie" class="extiw" title="wikt:astronomie">WikiWoordenboek</a></div><li><div class="zuster-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/23px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/35px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/46px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></div> <div class="zuster-tekst"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/astronomie" class="extiw" title="wikt:astronomie"><i><b>Definitie</b></i></a><div class="zuster-op"> op WikiWoordenboek</div></div></li><div class="interProject wikibooks mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://nl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Astronomisch_woordenboek" class="extiw" title="b:Astronomisch woordenboek">Wikibooks</a></div><li><div class="zuster-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/21px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/32px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/42px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></div> <div class="zuster-tekst"><a href="https://nl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Astronomisch_woordenboek" class="extiw" title="b:Astronomisch woordenboek"><i><b>Boeken</b></i></a><div class="zuster-op"> op Wikibooks</div></div></li><div class="interProject wikisource mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://nl.wikisource.org/wiki/Hoofdportaal:Natuurwetenschappen/Astronomie" class="extiw" title="s:Hoofdportaal:Natuurwetenschappen/Astronomie">Wikisource</a></div><li><div class="zuster-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/21px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/32px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/42px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="zuster-tekst"><a href="https://nl.wikisource.org/wiki/Hoofdportaal:Natuurwetenschappen/Astronomie" class="extiw" title="s:Hoofdportaal:Natuurwetenschappen/Astronomie"><i><b>Bronnen</b></i></a><div class="zuster-op"> op Wikisource</div></div></li><div class="interProject wikinews mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://nl.wikinews.org/wiki/Categorie:Astronomie" class="extiw" title="n:Categorie:Astronomie">Wikinieuws</a></div><li><div class="zuster-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/25px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/38px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/50px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></div> <div class="zuster-tekst"><a href="https://nl.wikinews.org/wiki/Categorie:Astronomie" class="extiw" title="n:Categorie:Astronomie"><i><b>Nieuws</b></i></a><div class="zuster-op"> op Wikinieuws</div></div></li> </ul> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&oldid=67693146">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomie&oldid=67693146</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorie</a>: 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