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challenge</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: challenge"> <meta name="keywords" content="challenge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2638</span> Eco-Entrepreneurship Education in India: Exploring Online Course Structure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vishwas%20Chakranarayan">Vishwas Chakranarayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariyam%20Al%20Salman"> Mariyam Al Salman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the global environmental threats, previous approaches used to overcome these problems have failed to prevent environmental degradation. Scholars believe that entrepreneurs can help conserve habitats, combat climate change, increase freshwater availability, sustain biodiversity, and reduce environmental degradation and deforestation. The pandemic is creating a different ecosystem for fostering the eco-entrepreneurship opportunities. However, attending a course physically is a challenge for many willing learners. Therefore, it is an opportune time to contemplate on developing a social entrepreneurship curriculum which can be offered online. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecopreneurship" title="ecopreneurship">ecopreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20problems" title=" environmental problems"> environmental problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20degradation" title=" environmental degradation"> environmental degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship%20education" title=" entrepreneurship education"> entrepreneurship education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147904/eco-entrepreneurship-education-in-india-exploring-online-course-structure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2637</span> Type of Sun Trackers and Its Controlling Techniques for MPPT</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talha%20Ali%20Khan">Talha Ali Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Discovering different energy resources to full fill the world growing demand is now one of the society’s bigger challenge for the next half-century. The main task is to convert the sun radiation into electricity via photovoltaic solar cells which is suddenly decreasing $/watt of delivered solar electricity. Therefore, in this context, the sun trackers are those devices that can be used to ameliorate efficiency. In this paper, a variety of the sun tracking systems are evaluated and their merits and demerits are highlighted. The most adept and proficient sun-tracking devices are polar axis and azimuth-elevation types. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20axis" title="dual axis">dual axis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20axis" title=" fixed axis"> fixed axis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sun%20tracker" title=" sun tracker"> sun tracker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPPT" title=" MPPT"> MPPT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23390/type-of-sun-trackers-and-its-controlling-techniques-for-mppt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2636</span> Problems and Challenges of Implementing Distance Learning against the Background of the COVID-19 Pandemic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tinatin%20Sabauri">Tinatin Sabauri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eduard%20Gelagutashvili"> Eduard Gelagutashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salome%20Pataridze"> Salome Pataridze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The COVID-19 pandemic presents a serious challenge to all sectors of the country. Particularly difficult and important was the rapid mobilization of educational institutions to ensure the continuous flow of the educational process and effective fulfillment of the transaction. Developed countries managed to overcome this challenge quickly because, before the pandemic, part of universities had implemented blended learning (a mixture of online and face-to-face learning). The article aims to evaluate the use of electronic platforms by non-Georgian-speaking students and their involvement in the e-learning process at Ilia State University. Based on the phenomenological research design, a comparative analysis has been conducted - what was the use of electronic systems by non-Georgian-speaking students before 2019, and what was it like during the COVID-19 pandemic? Concretely, the phenomenological design was used in the research to evaluate the efficiency of distance learning with non-Georgian speaking students at Ilia State University. Focus groups were created within the phenomenological design. In the focus groups, students answered a pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire. Based on the analysis of the questionnaires, it was revealed that online learning and access to electronic portals were not a particular difficulty for ethnic minorities. The following positive and negative aspects of e-learning were identified in the research. Students named as positive aspects: Enables joining online classes directly from home before the start of the lecture, It saves time and money on travel and accommodation (for some students). It was named as negative aspects: Learning a language online is more difficult than in face-to-face classrooms, lack of teamwork activity, lack of strong and stable internet connections, and audio problems. Based on the results of the research, it was shown that in the post-pandemic period, the involvement of non-Georgian speaking students has significantly increased; therefore, the use of electronic systems by non-Georgian speaking students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20system" title="electronic system">electronic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance%20learning" title=" distance learning"> distance learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students" title=" students"> students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155657/problems-and-challenges-of-implementing-distance-learning-against-the-background-of-the-covid-19-pandemic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2635</span> The Labor Market in Western Balcans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lavdosh%20Lazemetaj">Lavdosh Lazemetaj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The labor market in W.B. Countries presents problems and challenges, this is dictated by different risk factors. The levels of unemployment in the region are high and the rates of its reduction are a challenge. This paper presents these challenges and problems that the countries face. of the BP region. The region as a whole and the countries in their particularity are analyzed, according to the specifics, the development trends related to the labor market are looked at. Conclusions are also given that emerge from the analysis of the labor markets prior to the monitoring done by the EU and the World Bank. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Economic%20Development" title="Economic Development">Economic Development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=European%20Union" title=" European Union"> European Union</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Economic%20Growth" title=" Economic Growth"> Economic Growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Labor%20Market" title=" Labor Market"> Labor Market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158314/the-labor-market-in-western-balcans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158314.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2634</span> Female Entrepreneurship in Transitional Economies: An In-Depth Comparative Study about Challenges Facing Female Entrepreneurs in Nigeria and Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dina%20Mohamed%20Ayman">Dina Mohamed Ayman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafieu%20Akin"> Rafieu Akin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In an attempt to increase the female total entrepreneurial activities (TEA) within Egypt and Nigeria, this paper aims to investigate the challenges facing female entrepreneurs operating in Egypt, in relative to Nigeria. In this regard, both researchers undertook a qualitative approach due to the scarcity of the literature reviewed on the topic; in those particular countries, and as an in-depth comparative mode. Therefore, ten Egyptian entrepreneurs in relative to ten Nigerian entrepreneurs were in-depth investigated. The research findings prove that female entrepreneurs face complex problems for being both gender and country-specific. Regarding the gender-specific obstacles, the work/life imbalance due to the scarcity of child-care nurseries and the prevalence of the gender-role division while performing the house chores rather than the concept of co-operation, acted as a main source of cultural challenge because women are considered mostly as 'housewives'. However, interestingly, this specific gender-discrimination challenge is proven to have no grounded effect in terms of the business-establishment and daily dealings neither in Egypt nor Nigeria, as one of the sample exclaimed 'as long as you pay, then no gender difference is set on the table'. Other country-specific challenges facing female entrepreneurs, lied in, the aggregate weak entrepreneurial framework governing both countries, also, women faced the difficulty of access to financial institutions with collateral requirements that are usually "hardly to be met", besides, the absence of the "micro-credit-Grameen-banks" concept. As well, the scarcity of incubators and business training centers providing network, consultancy and well-trained workforce to female entrepreneurs constitute a major hurdle for women entrepreneurs operating in both countries. Finally, this paper will conclude the research by offering a set of public-policy recommendations to pave the way for females to choose self-employment as a career path. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title="entrepreneurship">entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=female%20entrepreneurship" title=" female entrepreneurship"> female entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstacles" title=" obstacles"> obstacles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=framework%20conditions" title=" framework conditions"> framework conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-credit" title=" micro-credit"> micro-credit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19164/female-entrepreneurship-in-transitional-economies-an-in-depth-comparative-study-about-challenges-facing-female-entrepreneurs-in-nigeria-and-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19164.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2633</span> New Approach for Constructing a Secure Biometric Database</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kebbeb">A. Kebbeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mostefai"> M. Mostefai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Benmerzoug"> F. Benmerzoug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Chahir"> Y. Chahir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The multimodal biometric identification is the combination of several biometric systems. The challenge of this combination is to reduce some limitations of systems based on a single modality while significantly improving performance. In this paper, we propose a new approach to the construction and the protection of a multimodal biometric database dedicated to an identification system. We use a topological watermarking to hide the relation between face image and the registered descriptors extracted from other modalities of the same person for more secure user identification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biometric%20databases" title="biometric databases">biometric databases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal%20biometrics" title=" multimodal biometrics"> multimodal biometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20authentication" title=" security authentication"> security authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20watermarking" title=" digital watermarking"> digital watermarking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3126/new-approach-for-constructing-a-secure-biometric-database" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2632</span> Seismic Preparedness Challenge in Ionian Islands (Greece) through 'Telemachus' Project</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kourou">A. Kourou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Panoutsopoulou"> M. Panoutsopoulou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, disaster risk reduction requires innovative ways of working collaboratively, monitoring tools, management methods, risk communication, and knowledge, as key factors for decision-making actors. Experience has shown that the assessment of seismic risk and its effective management is still an important challenge. In Greece, Ionian Islands region is characterized as the most seismic area of the country and one of the most active worldwide. It is well known that in case of a disastrous earthquake the local authorities need to assess the situation in the affected area and coordinate the disaster response. In particular, the main outcomes of 'Telemachus' project are the development of an innovative operational system that hosts the needed data of seismic risk management in the Ionian Islands and the implementation of educational actions for the involved target groups. This project is funded in the Priority Axis 'Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development' of Operational Plan 'Ionian Islands 2014-2020'. EPPO is one of the partners of the project and it is responsible, among others, for the development of proper training material. This paper presents the training material of 'Telemachus' and its usage as a helpful, managerial tool in case of earthquake emergency. This material is addressed to different target groups, such as civil protection staff, people that involved with the tourism industry, educators of disabled people, etc. Very positive aspect of the project is the involvement of end-users that should evaluate the training products; test standards; clarify the personnel’s roles and responsibilities; improve interagency coordination; identify gaps in resources; improve individual performance; and identify opportunities for improvement. It is worth mentioning that even though the abovementioned material developed is useful for the training of specific target groups on emergency management issues within Ionian Islands Region, it could be used throughout Greece and other countries too. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20of%20civil%20protection%20staff" title="education of civil protection staff">education of civil protection staff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ionian%20Islands%20Region%20of%20Greece" title=" Ionian Islands Region of Greece"> Ionian Islands Region of Greece</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20risk" title=" seismic risk"> seismic risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training%20material" title=" training material"> training material</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107919/seismic-preparedness-challenge-in-ionian-islands-greece-through-telemachus-project" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2631</span> MR Imaging Spectrum of Intracranial Infections: An Experience of 100 Cases in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avik%20Banerjee">Avik Banerjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kavita%20Saggar"> Kavita Saggar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Infections of the nervous system and adjacent structures are often life-threatening conditions. Despite the recent advances in neuroimaging evaluation, the diagnosis of unclear infectious CNS disease remains a challenge. Our aim is to evaluate the typical and atypical neuro-imaging features of the various routinely encountered CNS infected patients so as to form guidelines for their imaging recognition and differentiation from tumoral, vascular and other entities that warrant a different line of therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20nervous%20system%20%28CNS%29" title="central nervous system (CNS)">central nervous system (CNS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cerebro%20Spinal%20Fluid%20%28Csf%29" title=" Cerebro Spinal Fluid (Csf)"> Cerebro Spinal Fluid (Csf)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Creutzfeldt%20Jakob%20Disease%20%28CJD%29" title=" Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (CJD)"> Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (CJD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=progressive%20multifocal%20leukoencephalopathy%20%28PML%29" title=" progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)"> progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16087/mr-imaging-spectrum-of-intracranial-infections-an-experience-of-100-cases-in-a-tertiary-hospital-in-northern-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2630</span> Systematic and Meta-Analysis of Navigation in Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma and Impact of Machine Learning and AI in Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shohreh%20Ghasemi">Shohreh Ghasemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Managing oral and maxillofacial trauma is a multifaceted challenge, as it can have life-threatening consequences and significant functional and aesthetic impact. Navigation techniques have been introduced to improve surgical precision to meet this challenge. A machine learning algorithm was also developed to support clinical decision-making regarding treating oral and maxillofacial trauma. Given these advances, this systematic meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy of navigational techniques in treating oral and maxillofacial trauma and explore the impact of machine learning on their management. Methods: A detailed and comprehensive analysis of studies published between January 2010 and September 2021 was conducted through a systematic meta-analysis. This included performing a thorough search of Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed databases to identify studies evaluating the efficacy of navigational techniques and the impact of machine learning in managing oral and maxillofacial trauma. Studies that did not meet established entry criteria were excluded. In addition, the overall quality of studies included was evaluated using Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Total of 12 studies, including 869 patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma, met the inclusion criteria. An analysis of studies revealed that navigation techniques effectively improve surgical accuracy and minimize the risk of complications. Additionally, machine learning algorithms have proven effective in predicting treatment outcomes and identifying patients at high risk for complications. Conclusion: The introduction of navigational technology has great potential to improve surgical precision in oral and maxillofacial trauma treatment. Furthermore, developing machine learning algorithms offers opportunities to improve clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. Still, further studies are necessary to corroborate these results and establish the optimal use of these technologies in managing oral and maxillofacial trauma <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title="trauma">trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navigation" title=" navigation"> navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maxillofacial" title=" maxillofacial"> maxillofacial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171136/systematic-and-meta-analysis-of-navigation-in-oral-and-maxillofacial-trauma-and-impact-of-machine-learning-and-ai-in-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171136.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">58</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2629</span> Rethinking Classical Concerts in the Digital Era: Transforming Sound, Experience, and Engagement for the New Generation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orit%20Wolf">Orit Wolf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Classical music confronts a crucial challenge: updating cherished concert traditions for the digital age. This paper is a journey, and a quest to make classical concerts resonate with a new generation. It's not just about asking questions; it's about exploring the future of classical concerts and their potential to captivate and connect with today's audience in an era defined by change. The younger generation, known for their love of diversity, interactive experiences, and multi-sensory immersion, cannot be overlooked. This paper explores innovative strategies that forge deep connections with audiences whose relationship with classical music differs from the past. The urgency of this challenge drives the transformation of classical concerts. Examining classical concerts is necessary to understand how they can harmonize with contemporary sensibilities. New dimensions in audiovisual experiences that enchant the emerging generation are sought. Classical music must embrace the technological era while staying open to fusion and cross-cultural collaboration possibilities. The role of technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in reshaping classical concerts is under research. The fusion of classical music with digital experiences and dynamic interdisciplinary collaborations breathes new life into the concert experience. It aligns classical music with the expectations of modern audiences, making it more relevant and engaging. Exploration extends to the structure of classical concerts. Conventions are challenged, and ways to make classical concerts more accessible and captivating are sought. Inspired by innovative artistic collaborations, musical genres and styles are redefined, transforming the relationship between performers and the audience. This paper, therefore, aims to be a catalyst for dialogue and a beacon of innovation. A set of critical inquiries integral to reshaping classical concerts for the digital age is presented. As the world embraces digital transformation, classical music seeks resonance with contemporary audiences, redefining the concert experience while remaining true to its roots and embracing revolutions in the digital age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20concert%20formats" title="new concert formats">new concert formats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reception%20of%20classical%20music" title=" reception of classical music"> reception of classical music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interdiscplinary%20concerts" title=" interdiscplinary concerts"> interdiscplinary concerts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20in%20the%20new%20musical%20era" title=" innovation in the new musical era"> innovation in the new musical era</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mash-up" title=" mash-up"> mash-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross%20culture" title=" cross culture"> cross culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovative%20concerts" title=" innovative concerts"> innovative concerts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engaging%20musical%20performances" title=" engaging musical performances"> engaging musical performances</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175580/rethinking-classical-concerts-in-the-digital-era-transforming-sound-experience-and-engagement-for-the-new-generation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2628</span> Protection and Immune Responses of DNA Vaccines Targeting Virulence Factors of Streptococcus iniae in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pattanapon%20Kayansamruaj">Pattanapon Kayansamruaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ha%20Thanh%20Dong"> Ha Thanh Dong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nopadon%20Pirarat"> Nopadon Pirarat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Channarong%20Rodkhum"> Channarong Rodkhum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Streptococcus iniae (SI) is a devastating pathogenic bacteria causing heavy mortality in farmed fish. The application of commercialized bacterin vaccine has been reported failures as the outbreaks of the new serotype of SI were emerged in farms after vaccination and subsequently caused severe losses. In the present study, we attempted to develop effective DNA vaccines against SI infection using Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as an animal model. Two monovalent DNA vaccines were constructed by the insertion of coding sequences of cell wall-associated virulence factors-encoding genes, comprised of eno (α-enolase) and mtsB (hydrophobic membrane protein), into cytomegalovirus expression vector (pCI-neo). In the animal trial, 30-g Nile tilapia were injected intramuscularly with 15 µg of each vaccine (mock vaccine group was injected by naked pCI-neo) and maintained for 35 days prior challenging with pathogenic SI at the dosage of 107 CFU/fish. At 13 days post-challenge, the relative percent survival of pEno, pMtsB and mock vaccine were 57%, 45% and 27%, respectively. The expression levels of immune responses-associated genes, namely, IL1β, TNF-α, TGF-β, COX2, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-13, were investigated from the spleen of experimental animal at 7 days post-vaccination (PV) and 7 days post-challenge (PC) using quantitative RT-PCR technique. Generally, at 7 days PV, the pEno vaccinated group exhibited highest level of up-regulation (1.7 to 2.9 folds) of every gene, but TGF-β, comparing to pMtsB and mock vaccine groups. However, at 7 days PC, pEno group showed significant up-regulation (1.4 to 8.5 folds) of immune-related genes as similar as mock vaccine group, while pMtsB group had lowest level of up-regulation (0.7 to 3.3 folds). Summarily, this study indicated that the pEno and pMtsB vaccines could elicit the immune responses of the fish and the magnitude of gene expression at 7 days PV was also consistent with the protection level conferred by the vaccine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20expression" title="gene expression">gene expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20vaccine" title=" DNA vaccine"> DNA vaccine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nile%20tilapia" title=" Nile tilapia"> Nile tilapia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Streptococcus%20iniae" title=" Streptococcus iniae"> Streptococcus iniae</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41062/protection-and-immune-responses-of-dna-vaccines-targeting-virulence-factors-of-streptococcus-iniae-in-nile-tilapia-oreochromis-niloticus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41062.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2627</span> Shopping Cart System: Load Balancing and Fault Tolerance in the OSGi Service Platform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20Astrova">Irina Astrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arne%20Koschel"> Arne Koschel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thole%20Schneider"> Thole Schneider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johannes%20Westhuis"> Johannes Westhuis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%BCrgen%20Westerkamp"> Jürgen Westerkamp</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this paper was to find a simple solution for load balancing and fault tolerance in OSGi. The challenge was to implement a highly available web application such as a shopping cart system with load balancing and fault tolerance, without having to change the core of OSGi. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20tolerance" title="fault tolerance">fault tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20balancing" title=" load balancing"> load balancing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OSGi" title=" OSGi"> OSGi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shopping%20cart%20system" title=" shopping cart system"> shopping cart system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6339/shopping-cart-system-load-balancing-and-fault-tolerance-in-the-osgi-service-platform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2626</span> The Management of the Urban Project between Challenge and Need: The Case of the Modernization Project of Constantine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouhoubi%20Nedjima">Mouhoubi Nedjima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sassi%20Boudemagh%20Souad"> Sassi Boudemagh Souad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, and through the modernization project of metropolis of Constantine (PMMC) experience in Algeria, discussed to highlight the importance of management in an urban project at various levels: strategic and operational. The statement we attended to reach is to evaluate the modernization project of metropolis of Constantine in the light of management and prove the relation between a good urban management and the success of an urban project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20project" title="urban project">urban project</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20management" title=" strategic management"> strategic management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operational%20management" title=" operational management"> operational management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20modernization%20project%20of%20constantine" title=" the modernization project of constantine"> the modernization project of constantine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27118/the-management-of-the-urban-project-between-challenge-and-need-the-case-of-the-modernization-project-of-constantine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2625</span> Supporting International Student’s Acculturation Through Chatbot Technology: A Proposed Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvie%20Studente">Sylvie Studente</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the increase in international students migrating to the UK, the transition from home environment to a host institution abroad can be overwhelming for many students due to acculturative stressors. These stressors are reported to peak within the first six months of transitioning into study abroad which has determinantal impacts for Higher Education Institutions. These impacts include; increased drop-out rates and overall decreases in academic performance. Research suggests that belongingness can negate acculturative stressors through providing opportunities for students to form necessary social connections. In response to this universities have focussed on utilising technology to create learning communities with the most commonly deployed being social media, blogs, and discussion forums. Despite these attempts, the application of technology in supporting international students is still ambiguous. With the reported growing popularity of mobile devices among students and accelerations in learning technology owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, the potential is recognised to address this challenge via the use of chatbot technology. Whilst traditionally, chatbots were deployed as conversational agents in business domains, they have since been applied to the field of education. Within this emerging area of research, a gap exists in addressing the educational value of chatbots over and above the traditional service orientation categorisation. The proposed study seeks to extend upon current understandings by investigating the challenges faced by international students in studying abroad and exploring the potential of chatbots as a solution to assist students’ acculturation. There has been growing interest in the application of chatbot technology to education accelerated by the shift to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although interest in educational chatbots has surged, there is a lack of consistency in the research area in terms of guidance on the design to support international students in HE. This gap is widened when considering the additional challenge of supporting multicultural international students with diverse. Diversification in education is rising due to increases in migration trends for international study. As global opportunities for education increase, so does the need for multiculturally inclusive learning support. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chatbots" title="chatbots">chatbots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20students" title=" international students"> international students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acculturation" title=" acculturation"> acculturation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186776/supporting-international-students-acculturation-through-chatbot-technology-a-proposed-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186776.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">44</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2624</span> Catalytic Pyrolysis of Sewage Sludge for Upgrading Bio-Oil Quality Using Sludge-Based Activated Char as an Alternative to HZSM5</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Zaker">Ali Zaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhi%20Chen"> Zhi Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the concerns about the depletion of fossil fuel sources and the deteriorating environment, the attempt to investigate the production of renewable energy will play a crucial role as a potential to alleviate the dependency on mineral fuels. In this respect, biofuels are measured as a vital nominee for national energy security and energy sustainability. Sewage sludge (SS), as an alternative source of renewable energy with a complex composition, is a major waste generated during wastewater treatment. Stricter legislation is continuously refining the requirements for the level of removal of various pollutants in treated water, causing continuous growth of sludge production, which has become a global challenge. In general, there are two main procedures for dealing with SS: incineration and landfill. However, there are a variety of limitations in these options (e.g., production of greenhouse gases and restrictive environmental regulations) in regard to negative social and economic impacts. Pyrolysis is a feasible and cost-effective technology that can simultaneously tackle boundaries concerning the current disposal routes while retrieving bioenergy. Pyrolysis of SS has drawn vigorous interest in research due to the ability of high mass yield of pyrolytic liquid production. Nonetheless, the presence of high molecular weight hydrocarbons and oxygenated- and nitrogenated compounds poses a considerable challenge. In this context, catalytic pyrolysis is another attainable route in order to upgrade the bio-oil quality. Among different catalysts (i.e., zeolites) studied for sewage sludge pyrolysis, activated chars are eco-friendly and low-cost alternatives. The beneficial features comprise comparatively large surface area, long-term stability, and enriched surface functional groups. In light of these premises, this research attempts to investigate the catalytic pyrolysis of sewage sludge with a high-performance sludge-based activated char in contrast to HZSM5 from a theoretical and experimental point of view. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalytic%20pyrolysis" title="catalytic pyrolysis">catalytic pyrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sewage%20sludge" title=" sewage sludge"> sewage sludge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=char" title=" char"> char</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HZSM5" title=" HZSM5"> HZSM5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-oil." title=" bio-oil."> bio-oil.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187008/catalytic-pyrolysis-of-sewage-sludge-for-upgrading-bio-oil-quality-using-sludge-based-activated-char-as-an-alternative-to-hzsm5" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2623</span> The Feminine Disruption of Speech and Refounding of Discourse: Kristeva’s Semiotic Chora and Psychoanalysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Klein-Carde%C3%B1a">Kevin Klein-Cardeña</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For Julia Kristeva, contra Lacan, the instinctive body refuses to go away within discourse. Neither is the pre-Oedipal stage of maternal fusion vanquished by the emergence of language and with it, the law of the father. On the contrary, Kristeva argues, the pre-symbolic ambivalently haunts the society of speech, simultaneously animating and threatening the very foundations of signification. Kristeva invents the term “the semiotic” to refer to this continual breaking-through of the material unconscious onto the scene of meaning. This presentation examines Kristeva’s semiotic as a theoretical gesture that itself is a disruption of discourse, re-presenting the ‘return of the repressed’ body in theory—-the breaking-through of the unconscious onto the science of meaning. Faced with linguistic theories concerned with abstract sign-systems as well as Lacanian doctrine privileging the linguistic sign unequivocally over the bodily drive, Kristeva’s theoretical corpus issues the message of a psychic remainder that disrupts with a view toward replenishing theoretical accounts of language and sense. Reviewing Semiotic challenge across these two levels (the sense and science of language), the presentation suggests that Kristeva’s offerings constitute a coherent gestalt, providing an account of the feminist nature of her dual intervention. In contrast to other feminist critiques, Kristeva’s gesture hinges on its restoration of the maternal contribution to subjectivity. Against the backdrop of ‘phallogocentric’ and ‘necrophilic’ theories that strip language of a subject and strip the subject of a body, Kristeva recasts linguistic study through a metaphor of life and birthing. Yet the semiotic fragments the subject it produces, dialoguing with an unconscious curtailed by but also exceeding the symbolic order of signification. Linguistics, too, becomes fragmented in the same measure as it is more meaningfully renewed by its confrontation with the semiotic body. It is Kristeva’s own body that issues this challenge, on both sides of the boundary between the theory and the theorized. The Semiotic becomes comprehensible as a project unified by its concern to disrupt and rehabilitate language, the subject, and the scholarly discourses that treat them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julia%20kristeva" title="Julia kristeva">Julia kristeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Semiotic" title=" the Semiotic"> the Semiotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=french%20feminism" title=" french feminism"> french feminism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychoanalysic%20theory" title=" psychoanalysic theory"> psychoanalysic theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistics" title=" linguistics"> linguistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176762/the-feminine-disruption-of-speech-and-refounding-of-discourse-kristevas-semiotic-chora-and-psychoanalysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2622</span> The Impact of the COVID-19 on the Cybercrimes in Hungary and the Possible Solutions for Prevention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3%20Schmidt">László Schmidt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Technological and digital innovation is constantly and dynamically evolving, which poses an enormous challenge to both lawmaking and law enforcement. To legislation because artificial intelligence permeates many areas of people’s daily lives that the legislator must regulate. it can see how challenging it is to regulate e.g. self-driving cars/taxis/camions etc. Not to mention cryptocurrencies and Chat GPT, the use of which also requires legislative intervention. Artificial intelligence also poses an extraordinary challenge to law enforcement. In criminal cases, police and prosecutors can make great use of AI in investigations, e.g. in forensics, DNA samples, reconstruction, identification, etc. But it can also be of great help in the detection of crimes committed in cyberspace. In the case of cybercrime, on the one hand, it can be viewed as a new type of crime that can only be committed with the help of information systems, and that has a specific protected legal object, such as an information system or data. On the other hand, it also includes traditional crimes that are much easier to commit with the help of new tools. According to Hungarian Criminal Code section 375 (1), any person who, for unlawful financial gain, introduces data into an information system, or alters or deletes data processed therein, or renders data inaccessible, or otherwise interferes with the functioning of the information system, and thereby causes damage, is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment not exceeding three years. The Covid-19 coronavirus epidemic has had a significant impact on our lives and our daily lives. It was no different in the world of crime. With people staying at home for months, schools, restaurants, theatres, cinemas closed, and no travel, criminals have had to change their ways. Criminals were committing crimes online in even greater numbers than before. These crimes were very diverse, ranging from false fundraising, the collection and misuse of personal data, extortion to fraud on various online marketplaces. The most vulnerable age groups (minors and elderly) could be made more aware and prevented from becoming victims of this type of crime through targeted programmes. The aim of the study is to show the Hungarian judicial practice in relation to cybercrime and possible preventive solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybercrime" title="cybercrime">cybercrime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hungary" title=" Hungary"> Hungary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminal%20law" title=" criminal law"> criminal law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172171/the-impact-of-the-covid-19-on-the-cybercrimes-in-hungary-and-the-possible-solutions-for-prevention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2621</span> Effect of Climate Change and Water Sources: Sustainability of Rural Water Sanitation and Hygiene of Tanahun District</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bharat%20Sapkota">Bharat Sapkota</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nepal is the one of the victim country of climate change. Decreasing snow line, sometimes higher and sometime non-rain fall are common phenomena in hill area. Natural flood disaster and drought is also common every year in certain place of the country. So this paper analyze the effect of climate and natural water sources for sustainability of water sanitation and hygiene of Tanahun district. It is one of the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project Western Nepal Phase-II (RWSSP-WN Phase-II) project district out of 14 project districts of western and mid-western Nepal. RWSSP-WN II is a bilateral development cooperation of governments of Nepal and Finland. Big investment is still going on in water sanitation and hygiene sector but sustainability is still a challenge throughout the country. So RWSSP-WN has started the strengthen of the capacity of local Governments to deliver services in water supply, sanitation and hygiene and its sustainability through the implementation of cross cutting approach of climate change and disaster risk reduction. The study shows that the average yield in 685 natural point sources were around 0.045 l/s in 2014 but it was twice as high in 2004 i.e. 0.09 l/s. The maximum measured yield in 2014 was 1.87 l/s, whereas, the maximum yield was 3 l/s in 2004. Likewise, spring source mean and maximum yield measured in 2014 were 0.16 l/s and 3.33 l/s respectively, whereas, mean and maximum yields in 2004 were 0.204 l/s and 3 l/s respectively. Small streams average yield measured in 2014 was 0.32 l/s with the maximum of around 4.99 l/s. In 2004, mean and maximum yields of streams were 0.485 l/s and 5 l/s respectively. The overall climate between years 2002 to 2013 and measured yield data between 2004 and 2014 shows climate as one of the causes of water source decline. The temperature is rising with pace of 0.041°C per year and rainfall is decreased by 16.8 mm/year. The Khosla’s empirical formula shows decrease of 1.7 cm/year in runoff. At present sustainability of water, sanitation and hygiene is more challenge due to sources decreasing in the district. Sanitation and hygiene total behavior change and watershed conservation as well as design and implementation of recharge pound construction are the way forward of sustainability of water, sanitation and hygiene. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20sanitation" title="water sanitation">water sanitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hygiene" title=" hygiene"> hygiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28210/effect-of-climate-change-and-water-sources-sustainability-of-rural-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-of-tanahun-district" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2620</span> Modern Methods of Construction (MMC): The Potentials and Challenges of Using Prefabrication Technology for Building Modern Houses in Afghanistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latif%20Karimi">Latif Karimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasuhide%20Mochida"> Yasuhide Mochida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to study Modern Methods of Construction (MMC); specifically, the prefabrication technology and check the applicability, suitability, and benefits of this construction technique over conventional methods for building new houses in Afghanistan. Construction industry and house building sector are a key contributor to Afghanistan’s economy. However, this sector is challenged with lack of innovation and severe impacts that it has on the environment due to huge amount of construction waste from building, demolition and or renovation activities. This paper studies the prefabrication technology, a popular MMC that is becoming more common, improving in quality and being available in a variety of budgets. Several feasibility studies worldwide have revealed that this method is the way forward in improving construction industry performance as it has been proven to reduce construction time, construction wastes and improve the environmental performance of the construction processes. In addition, this study emphasizes on 'sustainability' in-house building, since it is a common challenge in housing construction projects on a global scale. This challenge becomes more severe in the case of under-developed countries, like Afghanistan. Because, most of the houses are being built in the absence of a serious quality control mechanism and dismissive to basic requirements of sustainable houses; well-being, cost-effectiveness, minimization - prevention of wastes production during construction and use, and severe environmental impacts in view of a life cycle assessment. Methodology: A literature review and study of the conventional practices of building houses in urban areas of Afghanistan. A survey is also being completed to study the potentials and challenges of using prefabrication technology for building modern houses in the cities across the country. A residential housing project is selected for case study to determine the drawbacks of current construction methods vs. prefabrication technique for building a new house. Originality: There are little previous research available about MMC considering its specific impacts on sustainability related to house building practices. This study will be specifically of interest to a broad range of people, including planners, construction managers, builders, and house owners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20methods%20of%20construction%20%28MMC%29" title="modern methods of construction (MMC)">modern methods of construction (MMC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prefabrication" title=" prefabrication"> prefabrication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prefab%20houses" title=" prefab houses"> prefab houses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20construction" title=" sustainable construction"> sustainable construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20houses" title=" modern houses"> modern houses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87950/modern-methods-of-construction-mmc-the-potentials-and-challenges-of-using-prefabrication-technology-for-building-modern-houses-in-afghanistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2619</span> Re-Emergence of Religious Militancy in Pakistan after Return of Afghan Taliban to Power Corridors in Afghanistan (2021-2022)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Sibtain%20Hussain%20Shah">Syed Sibtain Hussain Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Afghan Taliban returned to power corridors in Afghanistan in August 2021 after waging a twenty-year insurgency in the country. U.S.-led forces completed their withdrawal from Afghanistan on August 30, 2021, but the Taliban took control of the whole country till August 15, 2021. At the same time, some of the militant groups such as Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and Islamic State Khurasan (IS-K) reappeared in Pakistan’s borders and other areas and by increasing attacks on the armed forces of Pakistan and minorities communities. These groups once again created a crucial challenge to the internal security of the country. Since mid of 2021, many of the terrorist incidents in the countries specified in the areas of Pakistan bordering Afghanistan were committed by TTP and IS-K. The aim of this paper is to investigate the reappearance of TTP and IS-K in 2021 and 2022 as a crucial threat to the internal security of Pakistan. The author will particularly probe threats to the security of military personnel and their installations and threats to human security, including danger to religious minority communities in the different areas of the country, including border areas such as Waziristan, which was once a hub of TTP and other militant groups in the 2000s. The author will employ the relevant method and appropriate theories of security studies, such as religious extremism and terrorism, in this study. TTP, inspired by the Afghan Taliban, initially emerged in Pakistan in 2007 and this group has so far targeted various religious and ethnic communities and government installations in Pakistan. The group is not only against Pakistan’s government policies, but it also committed terrorist attacks on the communities of the other Muslim sects and as well as non-Muslim communities. Most of the prominent figures of this violent group disappeared or escaped to Afghanistan after military actions, such as the larger “Zarb-e-Azb” operation in Pakistan in 2015. IS-K, which established its branch of Khurasan covering Pakistan and Afghanistan in 2015, with its main formation in Iraq and Syria in 2015, by targeting religious minorities such as Shia Muslims, has so far created a vital security challenge for the security of the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghanistan" title=" Afghanistan"> Afghanistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghan%20Taliban" title=" Afghan Taliban"> Afghan Taliban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistani%20Taliban" title=" Pakistani Taliban"> Pakistani Taliban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20state%20Khorasan" title=" Islamic state Khorasan"> Islamic state Khorasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20threat" title=" security threat"> security threat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160461/re-emergence-of-religious-militancy-in-pakistan-after-return-of-afghan-taliban-to-power-corridors-in-afghanistan-2021-2022" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2618</span> Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Land Use Change and Green Cover Index</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poonam%20Sharma">Poonam Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankur%20Srivastav"> Ankur Srivastav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities are complex and dynamic systems that constitute a significant challenge to urban planning. The increasing size of the built-up area owing to growing population pressure and economic growth have lead to massive Landuse/Landcover change resulted in the loss of natural habitat and thus reducing the green covers in urban areas. Urban environmental quality is influenced by several aspects, including its geographical configuration, the scale, and nature of human activities occurring and environmental impacts generated. Cities have transformed into complex and dynamic systems that constitute a significant challenge to urban planning. Cities and their sustainability are often discussed together as the cities stand confronted with numerous environmental concerns as the world becoming increasingly urbanized, and the cities are situated in the mesh of global networks in multiple senses. A rapid transformed urban setting plays a crucial role to change the green area of natural habitats. To examine the pattern of urban growth and to measure the Landuse/Landcover change in Gurgoan in Haryana, India through the integration of Geospatial technique is attempted in the research paper. Satellite images are used to measure the spatiotemporal changes that have occurred in the land use and land cover resulting into a new cityscape. It has been observed from the analysis that drastically evident changes in land use has occurred with the massive rise in built up areas and the decrease in green cover and therefore causing the sustainability of the city an important area of concern. The massive increase in built-up area has influenced the localised temperatures and heat concentration. To enhance the decision-making process in urban planning, a detailed and real world depiction of these urban spaces is the need of the hour. Monitoring indicators of key processes in land use and economic development are essential for evaluating policy measures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cityscape" title="cityscape">cityscape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geospatial%20techniques" title=" geospatial techniques"> geospatial techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20cover%20index" title=" green cover index"> green cover index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20environmental%20quality" title=" urban environmental quality"> urban environmental quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65946/spatio-temporal-analysis-of-land-use-change-and-green-cover-index" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2617</span> Challenging the Constitutionality of Mandatory Sentences: A South African Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alphonso%20Goliath">Alphonso Goliath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With mandatory minimum sentences, even with its qualification of “substantial and compelling circumstances”, the sentence severity for violent crimes has increased substantially to combat crime. Considering the upsurge in violent crime, the paper argues that minimum sentences failed to prevent or curb violent crime. These sentences deprive offenders more than what is reasonably necessary of their freedom to curb the offense and punish the offender. Minimum sentences amount to cruel, inhuman, and degrading punishment unjustified and vulnerable to constitutional challenge. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitutionality" title="constitutionality">constitutionality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deterrence" title=" deterrence"> deterrence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incapacitation" title=" incapacitation"> incapacitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20sentencing%20legislation" title=" minimum sentencing legislation"> minimum sentencing legislation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prison%20overcrowding" title=" prison overcrowding"> prison overcrowding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recidivism" title=" recidivism"> recidivism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retribution" title=" retribution"> retribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violent%20crime" title=" violent crime"> violent crime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154211/challenging-the-constitutionality-of-mandatory-sentences-a-south-african-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2616</span> Dynamic Reliability for a Complex System and Process: Application on Offshore Platform in Mozambique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raed%20KOUTA">Raed KOUTA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9-Alcebiades-Ernesto%20HLUNGUANE"> José-Alcebiades-Ernesto HLUNGUANE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Ch%C3%A2tele"> Eric Châtele</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The search for and exploitation of new fossil energy resources is taking place in the context of the gradual depletion of existing deposits. Despite the adoption of international targets to combat global warming, the demand for fuels continues to grow, contradicting the movement towards an energy-efficient society. The increase in the share of offshore in global hydrocarbon production tends to compensate for the depletion of terrestrial reserves, thus constituting a major challenge for the players in the sector. Through the economic potential it represents, and the energy independence it provides, offshore exploitation is also a challenge for States such as Mozambique, which have large maritime areas and whose environmental wealth must be considered. The exploitation of new reserves on economically viable terms depends on available technologies. The development of deep and ultra-deep offshore requires significant research and development efforts. Progress has also been made in managing the multiple risks inherent in this activity. Our study proposes a reliability approach to develop products and processes designed to live at sea. Indeed, the context of an offshore platform requires highly reliable solutions to overcome the difficulties of access to the system for regular maintenance and quick repairs and which must resist deterioration and degradation processes. One of the characteristics of failures that we consider is the actual conditions of use that are considered 'extreme.' These conditions depend on time and the interactions between the different causes. These are the two factors that give the degradation process its dynamic character, hence the need to develop dynamic reliability models. Our work highlights mathematical models that can explicitly manage interactions between components and process variables. These models are accompanied by numerical resolution methods that help to structure a dynamic reliability approach in a physical and probabilistic context. The application developed makes it possible to evaluate the reliability, availability, and maintainability of a floating storage and unloading platform for liquefied natural gas production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20reliability" title="dynamic reliability">dynamic reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offshore%20plateform" title=" offshore plateform"> offshore plateform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20process" title=" stochastic process"> stochastic process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainties" title=" uncertainties"> uncertainties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118930/dynamic-reliability-for-a-complex-system-and-process-application-on-offshore-platform-in-mozambique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2615</span> Television Commercial Ideation: Considerations for the Future</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashid%20Farooq">Rashid Farooq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moazzam%20Naseer"> Moazzam Naseer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rehan%20Hasan"> Rehan Hasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increasing challenges posed to the creativity in the discipline of advertising during time’s movement towards the maturity of The Third Wave – a concept of change by Toffler, have to be the major theme of this study. Creative concepts for the changing media landscape are becoming a challenge for the creative industry as Stein says that the usefulness is a dimension no creative work could avoid. Furthermore, Spencer points out that the global capitalist society provides a base for the development of digital technologies. Innovation within the discipline of creativity is reshaping this process. In this review article, the role of creativity and innovation in the development and delivery of the message has to be examined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advertising" title="advertising">advertising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creativity" title=" creativity"> creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideation" title=" ideation"> ideation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20media" title=" new media"> new media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140263/television-commercial-ideation-considerations-for-the-future" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140263.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2614</span> Application of Regularized Low-Rank Matrix Factorization in Personalized Targeting </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kourosh%20Modarresi">Kourosh Modarresi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Netflix problem has brought the topic of “Recommendation Systems” into the mainstream of computer science, mathematics, and statistics. Though much progress has been made, the available algorithms do not obtain satisfactory results. The success of these algorithms is rarely above 5%. This work is based on the belief that the main challenge is to come up with “scalable personalization” models. This paper uses an adaptive regularization of inverse singular value decomposition (SVD) that applies adaptive penalization on the singular vectors. The results show far better matching for recommender systems when compared to the ones from the state of the art models in the industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convex%20optimization" title="convex optimization">convex optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LASSO" title=" LASSO"> LASSO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression" title=" regression"> regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recommender%20systems" title=" recommender systems"> recommender systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singular%20value%20decomposition" title=" singular value decomposition"> singular value decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20rank%20approximation" title=" low rank approximation"> low rank approximation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19547/application-of-regularized-low-rank-matrix-factorization-in-personalized-targeting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19547.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2613</span> Elaboration of Ceramic Metal Accident Tolerant Fuels by Additive Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Fiquet">O. Fiquet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Lemarignier"> P. Lemarignier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Additive manufacturing may find numerous applications in the nuclear industry, for the same reason as for other industries, to enlarge design possibilities and performances and develop fabrication methods as a flexible route for future innovation. Additive Manufacturing applications in the design of structural metallic components for reactors are already developed at a high Technology Readiness Level (TRL). In the case of a Pressured Water Reactor using uranium oxide fuel pellets, which are ceramics, the transposition of already optimized Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes to UO₂ remains a challenge, and the progress remains slow because, to our best knowledge, only a few laboratories have the capability of developing processes applicable to UO₂. After the Fukushima accident, numerous research fields emerged with the study of ATF (Accident tolerant Fuel) fuel concepts, which aimed to improve fuel behaviour. One item concerns the increase of the pellet thermal performance by, for example, the addition of high thermal conductivity material into fissile UO₂. This additive phase may be metallic, and the end product will constitute a CERMET composite. Innovative designs of an internal metallic framework are proposed based on predictive calculations. However, because the well-known reference pellet manufacturing methods impose many limitations, manufacturing such a composite remains an arduous task. Therefore, the AM process appears as a means of broadening the design possibilities of CERMET manufacturing. If the external form remains a standard cylindrical fuel pellet, the internal metallic design remains to be optimized based on process capabilities. This project also considers the limitation to a maximum of 10% volume of metal, which is a constraint neutron physics considerations impose. The AM technique chosen for this development is robocasting because of its simplicity and low-cost equipment. It remains, however, a challenge to adapt a ceramic 3D printing process for the fabrication of UO₂ fuel. The investigation starts with surrogate material, and the optimization of slurry feedstock is based on alumina. The paper will present the first printing of Al2O3-Mo CERMET and the expected transition from ceramic-based alumina to UO₂ CERMET. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear" title="nuclear">nuclear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel" title=" fuel"> fuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CERMET" title=" CERMET"> CERMET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robocasting" title=" robocasting"> robocasting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176682/elaboration-of-ceramic-metal-accident-tolerant-fuels-by-additive-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176682.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2612</span> The Challenges for Engineers to Change the Construction Method in Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuri%20B.%20Cesarino">Yuri B. Cesarino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vin%C3%ADcius%20R.%20Domingues"> Vinícius R. Domingues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darym%20J.%20F.%20Campos"> Darym J. F. Campos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Developing countries have some restrains towards the adoption of new technologies and construction methods. Some nations, such as Brazil, still use conventional construction methodologies, knowing its lesser cost-effectiveness. This research has been conducted to demonstrate how industrialized construction methods should be implemented in Brazil, especially in times of need. Using the common sense among different authors with different perspectives, it is clear that the second method is more suitable for construction development because of its great advantages. However, it is unlikely for this process to be adopted in the country as a result of several social-economic restraints. Nonetheless, Brazilian engineers have a major challenge ahead of them, and it will take more than creativity to solve such an issue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brazilian%20engineers" title="Brazilian engineers">Brazilian engineers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20methods" title=" construction methods"> construction methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrialized%20construction" title=" industrialized construction"> industrialized construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrastructure" title=" infrastructure"> infrastructure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52643/the-challenges-for-engineers-to-change-the-construction-method-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52643.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2611</span> Transformation of Antitrust Policy against Collusion in Russia and Transition Economies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Makarov">Andrey Makarov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article will focus on the development of antitrust policy in transition economies in the context of preventing explicit and tacit collusion. Experience of BRICS, CIS (Ukraine, Kazakhstan) and CEE countries (Bulgaria, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Estonia) in the creation of antitrust institutions was analyzed, including both legislation and enforcement practice. Most of these countries in the early 90th were forced to develop completely new legislation in the field of protection of competition and it is important to compare different ways of building antitrust institutions and policy results. The article proposes a special approach to evaluation of preventing collusion mechanisms. This approach takes into account such enforcement problems as: classification problems (tacit vs explicit collusion, vertical vs horizontal agreements), flexibility of prohibitions (the balance between “per se” vs “rule of reason” approaches de jure and in practice), design of sanctions, private enforcement challenge, leniency program mechanisms, the role of antitrust authorities etc. The analysis is conducted using both official data, published by competition authorities, and expert assessments. The paper will show how the integration process within the EU predetermined some aspects of the development of antitrust policy in CEE countries, including the trend of the use of "rule of reason" approach. Simultaneously was analyzed the experience of CEE countries in special mechanisms of government intervention. CIS countries in the development of antitrust policy followed more or less original ways, without such a great impact from the European Union, more attention will be given to Russian experience in this field, including the analysis of judicial decisions in antitrust cases. Main problems and challenges for transition economies in this field will be shown, including: Legal uncertainty problem; Problem of rigidity of prohibitions; Enforcement priorities of the regulator; Interaction of administrative and criminal law, limited effectiveness of criminal sanctions in the antitrust field; The effectiveness of leniency program design; Private enforcement challenge. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collusion" title="collusion">collusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antitrust%20policy" title=" antitrust policy"> antitrust policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leniency%20program" title=" leniency program"> leniency program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20economies" title=" transition economies"> transition economies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russia" title=" Russia"> Russia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CEE" title=" CEE"> CEE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20914/transformation-of-antitrust-policy-against-collusion-in-russia-and-transition-economies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2610</span> Preparing Japanese University Students for an Increasingly Diverse Workplace</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jane%20O%60Halloran">Jane O`Halloran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Japanese university students have traditionally shown antipathy towards English due to a generally unsatisfactory language-learning experience at the secondary level with a focus on grammar and translation rather than communication. The situation has become urgent, however, due to the rapid decline in the Japanese population, which will present both difficulties and opportunities as employees will increasingly be forced to use English in the workplace. For university lecturers, the challenge is to overcome the students` apathy and convince them of the need for English in the increasingly diverse workplaces they will be entering. This article will illustrate how English teachers and content teachers at a private science university came together to address this quandary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20motivation" title="student motivation">student motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CLIL" title=" CLIL"> CLIL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title=" globalization"> globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demographics" title=" demographics"> demographics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166793/preparing-japanese-university-students-for-an-increasingly-diverse-workplace" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2609</span> Bio-Hub Ecosystems: Profitability through Circularity for Sustainable Forestry, Energy, Agriculture and Aquaculture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kimberly%20Samaha">Kimberly Samaha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Bio-Hub Ecosystem model was developed to address a critical area of concern within the global energy market regarding biomass as a feedstock for power plants. Yet the lack of an economically-viable business model for bioenergy facilities has resulted in the continuation of idled and decommissioned plants. This study analyzed data and submittals to the Born Global Maine Innovation Challenge. The Innovation Challenge was a global innovation challenge to identify process innovations that could address a ‘whole-tree’ approach of maximizing the products, byproducts, energy value and process slip-streams into a circular zero-waste design. Participating companies were at various stages of developing bioproducts and included biofuels, lignin-based products, carbon capture platforms and biochar used as both a filtration medium and as a soil amendment product. This case study shows the QCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis) methodology of the prequalification process and the resulting techno-economic model that was developed for the maximizing profitability of the Bio-Hub Ecosystem through continuous expansion of system waste streams into valuable process inputs for co-hosts. A full site plan for the integration of co-hosts (biorefinery, land-based shrimp and salmon aquaculture farms, a tomato green-house and a hops farm) at an operating forestry-based biomass to energy plant in West Enfield, Maine USA. This model and process for evaluating the profitability not only proposes models for integration of forestry, aquaculture and agriculture in cradle-to-cradle linkages of what have typically been linear systems, but the proposal also allows for the early measurement of the circularity and impact of resource use and investment risk mitigation, for these systems. In this particular study, profitability is assessed at two levels CAPEX (Capital Expenditures) and in OPEX (Operating Expenditures). Given that these projects start with repurposing facilities where the industrial level infrastructure is already built, permitted and interconnected to the grid, the addition of co-hosts first realizes a dramatic reduction in permitting, development times and costs. In addition, using the biomass energy plant’s waste streams such as heat, hot water, CO₂ and fly ash as valuable inputs to their operations and a significant decrease in the OPEX costs, increasing overall profitability to each of the co-hosts bottom line. This case study utilizes a proprietary techno-economic model to demonstrate how utilizing waste streams of a biomass energy plant and/or biorefinery, results in significant reduction in OPEX for both the biomass plants and the agriculture and aquaculture co-hosts. Economically viable Bio-Hubs with favorable environmental and community impacts may prove critical in garnering local and federal government support for pilot programs and more wide-scale adoption, especially for those living in severely economically depressed rural areas where aging industrial sites have been shuttered and local economies devastated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-economy" title="bio-economy">bio-economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass%20energy" title=" biomass energy"> biomass energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financing" title=" financing"> financing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-waste" title=" zero-waste"> zero-waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103144/bio-hub-ecosystems-profitability-through-circularity-for-sustainable-forestry-energy-agriculture-and-aquaculture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenge&page=6" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenge&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenge&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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