CINXE.COM

A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts by Wyatt Sassman :: SSRN

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <script language="JavaScript"> var beforeload = (new Date()).getTime(); var totalTime = 0; var clientTime = 0; var serverTime = 0; var XmlHttpObj1; function Sign(X) { return X>0 ? "+" : X<0 ? "-" : " " } function CreateXmlHttpObj1() { try {XmlHttpObj1 = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");} catch(e) {try{XmlHttpObj1 = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");} catch(oc) {XmlHttpObj1 = null;}} if(!XmlHttpObj1 && typeof XMLHttpRequest != "undefined") {XmlHttpObj1 = new XMLHttpRequest();}} function loadingTime() { //calculate the current time in afterload var afterload = (new Date()).getTime(); //calculate the seconds clientTime = (afterload-beforeload)/1000; serverTime = parseFloat(document.getElementById("serverTime").innerHTML); totalTime = (clientTime + serverTime).toFixed(3); document.getElementById("loadingtime").innerHTML = "and delivered in " + totalTime + " seconds"; } function addLoadEvent(func) { var oldonload = window.onload; if (typeof window.onload != 'function') { window.onload = func; } else { window.onload = function() { if (oldonload) { oldonload(); } func(); } } } </script> <script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="7e4c2285-a47e-4087-b7e9-f4f1c24b74e3" ></script> </script> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice start for ssrn.com --> <script type="text/javascript"> window.OptanonWrapper = function() { var eOT = new Event('OneTrustGroupsUpdated'); document.dispatchEvent(eOT); } <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice end for ssrn.com --> </script> <title>A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts by Wyatt Sassman :: SSRN</title> <meta name="description" content="State courts sometimes limit their power to adjudicate cases according to constitutional standing requirements adopted by federal courts under Article III of th"> <meta name="keywords" content=" SSRN, A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts, Wyatt Sassman"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Sassman, Wyatt"> <meta name="citation_title" content="A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts"> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2017/06/01"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2015"> <meta name="citation_doi" content=""> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2977348"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Constitutional Law, Standing, State Courts"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm?abstractid=2977348"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property=og:image content="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-global-header/11589acb53bc518aa22929bf19add113.svg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="630" /> <meta property=og:title content="A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2977348" /> <meta name='free_download_available' content='true'><meta name='free_download_available' content='true'><script async src="//assets.adobedtm.com/launch-ENa9ad0bcbf32647c3a04e26991e589550.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">var pageData = {"visitor":{"userId":"","loginStatus":"anonymous","accessType":"ss:guest"},"page":{"language":"en","environment":"prod","loadTime":"64","name":"paper:abstract-page","type":"RP-AB","businessUnit":"els:rp:ssrn","noTracking":"","loadTimestamp":"1740572902187","productName":"SS"}};</script> </head> <body class="new-layout "> <script language="javascript"> //Language functions function changeLanguage1(language, response){ $.ajax({ url: '/AltLanguage_ajax.cfm?type=changeLanguage&partid=1&strCode=en', cache: false, success: function(data) { // Update values in cookies Set_Cookie('SITEID',language,'-1','/','.ssrn.com',''); Set_Cookie('SITEID',language,'1000','/','.ssrn.com',''); // Finally, perform redirection if (response == 'reload') { window.location.reload(); } else { window.location.href=response; } } }); } function Set_Cookie( name, value, expires, path, domain, secure ) { // set time, its in milliseconds var today = new Date(); today.setTime( today.getTime() ); /* if the expires variable is set, make the correct expires time, the current script below will set it for x number of days, to make it for hours, delete * 24, for minutes, delete * 60 * 24 */ if ( expires ) { expires = expires * 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24; } var expires_date = new Date( today.getTime() + (expires) ); document.cookie = name + "=" +escape( value ) + ( ( expires ) ? ";expires=" + expires_date.toGMTString() : "" ) + ( ( path ) ? ";path=" + path : "" ) + ( ( domain ) ? ";domain=" + domain : "" ) + ( ( secure ) ? ";secure" : "" ); } /* * We use this function when the language should be stripped from an object, like a form RADIO */ function getLanguage ( oObj ) { var specialChars = "!@#$^&%*()+=-[]\/{}|:<>?,."; // Need to clean up code if object came from Mura site. sCode = oObj.value; if (sCode.length > 2) { for (var i = 0; i < specialChars.length; i++) { sCode = sCode.replace(new RegExp("\\" + specialChars[i], 'gi'), ''); } // After cleaning up special chars, we take the first two chars. sCode = sCode.substring(0,2).trim(); } return sCode; } </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/custom-bootstrap.min.css?v=430"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/custom.min.css?v=430"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/global.min.css?v=430"> <link href="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-global-header/main.css?v=430" rel="stylesheet"> <div class="accesibility-link"> <a id="skip-to-content" title="Skip to content" href="#maincontent">Skip to main content</a> </div> <meta name="part_id" content="1"> <meta name="www_server" content="www.ssrn.com"> <meta name="static_server" content="https://cdn.ssrn.com"> <meta name="hq_server" content="hq.ssrn.com"> <meta name="papers_server" content="papers.ssrn.com"> <meta name="user_name" content="Public User"> <meta name="is_custom" content="false"> <meta name="own_design" content="false"> <meta name="ab_id" content=""> <meta name="on_behalf" content="false"> <meta name="login_user_id" content=""> <meta name="tdm-reservation" content="1" /> <meta name="tdm-policy" content="https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/tdmrep-policy.json" /> <!--GLOBAL HEADER--> <header id="global-header" data-id-plus-auth-enabled="false"></header> <script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">if(typeof jQuery == 'undefined') { document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='https://#strStaticServer#/libraries/JQuery/v1.12.4/jquery.min.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); }</script> <script> function sentEmailValidation(lngLoginID, forwardURL){ var parameters = { "lngLoginID" : lngLoginID, "strForwardURL" : forwardURL }; $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "https://static.ssrn.com/cfc/webServices/loginServices.cfc?method=sentValidationEmailNew", data: parameters, dataType: "jsonp", async: false, success: function(data) { if(data.RESULT == 1){ $("#errorMessageLogin").html(data.MESSAGE); } }, error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) { console.log(textStatus, errorThrown); } }); }; </script> <script> $( document ).ready(function() { // Show translation notice on footer on load var hebrewIsSelected = $('.dropdown-lang option:last-child').is(':selected'), $body = $('body'), $loginBox = $('.loginBox'), $menuMain = $('.menu-main'), $profileMenu = $('.profileMenu'); if (hebrewIsSelected) { toggleTranslationNote(); } $('#global-header .auth-menu > div > a:first-child').on('click', function() { appData.push({ event: 'conversionDriverClick', conversionDriver: { name : 'ssrn-header:register' } }); }); $('#global-header .auth-menu > div > a:last-child').click(function(e) { appData.push({ event: 'conversionDriverClick', conversionDriver: { name : 'ssrn-header:sign-in-or-register' } }); }); $('#global-header a[href$="/rankings/Ranking_display.cfm?TRN_gID=10"]').on('click', function() { appData.push({ event: 'conversionDriverClick', conversionDriver: { name : 'rankings-top-papers' } }); }); $('#global-header a[href$="/submissions/CreateNewAbstract.cfm"]').on('click', function() { appData.push({ event: 'conversionDriverClick', conversionDriver: { name : 'ssrn-header:submit-article' } }); }); $('#btnMenu').on('click', function() { $body.addClass('nav-is-open'); $menuMain.addClass('open'); }); $('.mo-nav-close-btn').on('click', function() { $body.removeClass('nav-is-open'); $(this).closest('.mo-nav').removeClass('open'); }); $('.mo-nav-search-btn').on('click', function() { $menuMain.find('.menu-search').toggleClass('open'); }); $(document).on('click','#profile', function(e){ e.preventDefault(); $body.toggleClass('nav-is-open'); $profileMenu.toggleClass('open'); }); /* Cleaning the email text*/ $('#txtLogin').bind("change keyup input",function() { $(".error_show_login").hide(); $("#txtLogin").removeClass("loginError"); $("#errorMessageLogin").hide(); }); /* Cleaning the password text*/ $('.password-inp').bind("change keyup input",function() { $(".error_show_pass").hide(); $("#txtPasswordLogin").removeClass("loginError"); $("#errorMessageLogin").hide(); }); /*Function for encrypt*/ function encrypt(key1, key2, key3){ var key = btoa(key1 + "|" + key2 + "|" + key3); return key; }; function validateFields (){ var emptyLogin = false; var emptyPass = false; if(document.getElementById("txtLogin") == null || document.getElementById("txtLogin").value == "") { $("#txtLogin").addClass('loginError'); $(".error_show_login").show(); emptyLogin = true; } if(document.getElementById("txtPasswordLogin") == null || document.getElementById("txtPasswordLogin").value == "" ) { $("#txtPasswordLogin").addClass('loginError'); $(".error_show_pass").show(); emptyPass = true; } if(emptyLogin == true || emptyPass == true){ return false; } return true; }; $('.password-inp').keypress(function(event) { if (event.keyCode == 13 || event.which == 13) { event.preventDefault(); login(); } }); $('#txtLogin').keypress(function(event) { if (event.keyCode == 13 || event.which == 13) { event.preventDefault(); login(); } }); $("#signin").click(function() { login(); }); function login(){ if (validateFields() != false) { var pageLoadData; var user = document.getElementById("txtLogin").value; var pass = document.getElementById("txtPasswordLogin").value; var remember = $('.remember-me-check').prop('checked'); var keyUser = encrypt(user, pass, remember); var parameters = { "key" : keyUser }; $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "https://static.ssrn.com/cfc/webServices/loginServices.cfc?method=signinService", data: parameters, dataType: "jsonp", async: false, success: function(data) { if(data.ILOGINRESULT == 0) { var lngPartLogedIn = data.USER.PART_ID; buildmenu(lngPartLogedIn); $("#name-header div.user-name-overflow").text(data.USER.FULLNAME); $("#name-mo-header").text(data.USER.FULLNAME); $('#profile').show(); $("#btnSignin").hide(); $("#btnRegister").hide(); $loginBox.removeClass('open'); $body.removeClass('nav-is-open'); pageData.visitor.loginSuccess = "true"; pageData.visitor.loginStatus = "logged in"; pageData.visitor.accessType = "ss:registered-user"; pageData.visitor.userId = data.USER.ENCRYPT_PART_ID; pageLoadData = pageData; pageLoadData['event'] = 'pageLoad'; appData.push(pageLoadData); } else { pageData.visitor.loginSuccess = "false"; pageLoadData = pageData; pageLoadData['event'] = 'pageLoad'; appData.push(pageLoadData); $("#errorMessageLogin").html(data.MESSAGETOSHOW); $("#errorMessageLogin").show(); } } }); } else { return false; }; }; function buildmenu(lngPartLogedIn){ $("#personal").attr("href", "https://hq.ssrn.com/Participant.cfm?rectype=edit&partid=" + lngPartLogedIn + "&perinf=y"); $("#affil").attr("href", "https://hq.ssrn.com/Affiliations/AffiliationList.cfm?partid=" + lngPartLogedIn); $("#suscr").attr("href", "https://hq.ssrn.com/Subscriptions.cfm?partId=" + lngPartLogedIn); $("#mypapers").attr("href", "https://hq.ssrn.com/submissions/MyPapers.cfm?partid=" + lngPartLogedIn); }; $(document).click(function(event) { if(!$(event.target).closest('.header-tooltip').length && $(event.target)[0] != $('#btnSignin')[0] && $(event.target)[0] != $('#profile')[0] ) { if($('.header-tooltip').is(":visible") && $('.mo-nav-header').is(":hidden")) { $body.removeClass('nav-is-open'); $('.header-tooltip').removeClass('open'); } } // Makes the submenu links accesible by keyboard $('.has-sub-menu a') .focus(function() { $(this).parents("li").addClass("focus"); }) .blur(function() { $(this).parents("li").removeClass("focus"); }); }); // Show translation notice on change $('.dropdown-lang').on('change', function() { toggleTranslationNote(); }); // Accordion functionality on Footer MO var $collapseBtn = $('h4[data-toggle="collapse"]'), $collapsableContent = $('.collapsable'); $collapseBtn.on('click', function(){ var $this = $(this), $parent = $this.parent(), $thisCollapsable = $parent.find('.collapsable'); $collapsableContent.slideUp('fast'); if ( !$thisCollapsable.is(":visible") ) { $thisCollapsable.slideDown('fast'); } }); // Show translation notice on footer function toggleTranslationNote() { $('.translation-notice').toggle(); } }); //Language function function changeLanguage(lang){ var curretUrl = window.location.href; if(curretUrl.indexOf('&lng') != -1) { var new_url = curretUrl.substring(0, curretUrl.indexOf('&lng')); }else{ var new_url = window.location.href; } window.location.href=new_url+'&lng='+lang; } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-global-header/app.bundle.js?v=430"></script> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://static.ssrn.com/js/image-lazy-load.js"></script> <link href="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-vor-banner-widget/style.bundle.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <script src="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-vor-banner-widget/app.bundle.js" defer="defer"></script> <div id="vor-banner" data-api-url = "https://api.ssrn.com/content/v1/paperstatus/" data-abstract-id="2977348"></div> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-1q8mTJOASx8j1Au+a5WDVnPi2lkFfwwEAa8hDDdjZlpLegxhjVME1fgjWPGmkzs7" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.6.3/css/font-awesome.min.css" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/custom.min.css?v=430"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/css/abstract.min.css?v=430"> <div id="genericToastr" class="generic-toastr"> <div class="toastr-icon"> <i id="toastrIcon"></i> </div> <div id="toastrMessage" class="toastr-mesage"></div> <div class="toastr-close"> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-delete" onclick="closeToastr()"></i> </div> <div class="toastr-link"><a id="toastrLink" href="#"></a></div> </div> <main> <div class="container abstract-body" id="maincontent"> <div class="row" id="ssrn-paper-rpsbranding-widget" data-bindings-api-url="https://api.ssrn.com/bindings" data-abstract-id="2977348" data-journal-endpoint="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/JelJour_Results.cfm?form_name=journalBrowse&journal_id="></div> <script type="module" src="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-paper-rpsbranding-widget/app.bundle.js"></script> <style type="text/css"> #ssrn-paper-rpsbranding-widget { padding: 17px 0 16px; } #ssrn-paper-rpsbranding-widget img { margin: 5px; } </style> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-8 abstract-main-col"> <div class="abstract-buttons "> <div class="button-wrapper inline"> <a href="Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2977348_code2711298.pdf?abstractid=2977348&mirid=1" class="button-link primary " data-abstract-id='2977348' data-abstract-title='A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts' onclick='sendLeadBoxerEvent()' > <span><img alt='PDF icon' src='https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/img/icons/icon-adobe-pdf.svg' title='PDF icon' />Download This Paper</span> </a> </div> <div class="button-wrapper inline"> <a href="Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2977348_code2711298.pdf?abstractid=2977348&mirid=1&type=2" class="button-link secondary " data-abstract-id='2977348' data-abstract-title='A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts' onclick='sendLeadBoxerEvent()' > <span>Open PDF in Browser</span> </a> </div> <div class="star-container"> <a href="#" aria-label="Add to your Library" aria-pressed="false" role="button"> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-star-outline" data-user-id="1" data-abstract-id="2977348" data-abstract-url="static.ssrn.com" data-abstract-auth="false"></i> <span>Add Paper to My Library</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4 abstract-side-col"> <div class="share-container"> Share: <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li><a id="socialFacebook" title="Share on Facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" role="button" href="#" onclick='openPopup("http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2977348","Share_Facebook")' ><i class="icon icon-social-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li><a id="socialTwitter" title="Share on Twitter" aria-label="Share on Twitter" role="button" href="#" onclick='openPopup("https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts @SSRN&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2977348","Share_Twitter")' ><i class="icon icon-social-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li><a id="socialEmail" title="Share by Email" aria-label="Share by Email" role="button" href="#" onClick='openPopup("Email_Friend.cfm?abid=2977348","Email_Friend")'; ><i class="icon icon-gizmo-email" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li><a id="permalink" title="Get Permalink" aria-label="Get Permalink" role="button" href="#" ><i class="icon icon-gizmo-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function openPopup(url, name) { var newwindow = window.open(url, name || 'window' + Math.floor(Math.random() * 10000 + 1), 'width=600,height=400,menubar=no,location=no,toolbar=no,status=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes'); if (window.focus) { newwindow.focus(); } } function trackEventSocial(platform){ appData.push({ event: 'socialShare', social: { sharePlatform: platform } }); } jQuery('#socialFacebook').click(function(e) { trackEventSocial('Facebook'); }); jQuery('#socialTwitter').click(function(e) { trackEventSocial('Twitter'); }); jQuery('#socialEmail').click(function(e) { trackEventSocial('Email'); }); jQuery('#permalink').click(function(e) { trackEventSocial('Permalink'); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var _ll = _ll || []; var trackAbstractView = function(providerId, abstractId, abstractDoi, abstractTitle, publishDate, publishYear) { _ll.push(['trackItemInvestigation', { "aid":"_oa", "aname": "Open Access", "pid": providerId, "plname": "SSRN Platform", "im": { "title": abstractTitle, "dtype": "article", "id": abstractId, "doi": abstractDoi, "yop": publishYear, "pdate": publishDate, } }]); } var abstractID = "2977348"; var abstractDoi = "https://dx.doi.org/"; var abstractTitle = "A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts"; var publishDate = "1 Jun 2017"; var publishYear = "2017"; var providerId = "de79db8afafe43c3" trackAbstractView(providerId, abstractID, abstractDoi, abstractTitle, publishDate, publishYear); (function() { var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.defer=true; g.src='https://connect.liblynx.com/log/js/counter5.min.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function ot_onload() { /* Lead Boxer setup function - called automatically by Lead Pixel lib */ let jsPageLeadBoxerJson = {"NetworkIds":"[267308,267308,267308]","RpsJournalIds":"[]","AbstractId":"2977348"} ; if (typeof jsPageLeadBoxerJson !== "undefined") { // Page has data about a specific paper _otmap.put("AbstractId", jsPageLeadBoxerJson.AbstractId); _otmap.put("NetworkIds", jsPageLeadBoxerJson.NetworkIds); _otmap.put("RpsJournalIds", jsPageLeadBoxerJson.RpsJournalIds); ot_log_state(); } } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function parseLeadBoxerJson(leadBoxerJson) { const lbMap = new OTMap(); let leadBoxerObject = JSON.parse(leadBoxerJson); lbMap.put('AbstractId', leadBoxerObject.AbstractId); lbMap.put('NetworkIds', leadBoxerObject.NetworkIds); lbMap.put('RpsJournalIds', leadBoxerObject.RpsJournalIds); return lbMap; } function sendLeadBoxerEventJson(leadBoxerJson) { let lbMap = parseLeadBoxerJson(leadBoxerJson); OTLogService.sendEvent("pdf-download", lbMap); } function sendLeadBoxerEvent() { OTLogService.sendEvent("pdf-download", _otmap); } </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer="defer" src="https://script.leadboxer.com/?dataset=5a0d335609d04d8eca60f4ef8e0b2117"></script> <div class="permalink-tooltip"> <div class="tooltip-bg"></div> <div class="tooltip-container"> <div class="permalink-title">Permalink</div> <div class="permalink-description">Using these links will ensure access to this page indefinitely</div> <div class="permalink-url"> <input type="text" id="parmalinkURL" readonly class="permalink-input" value="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2977348"> <a href="#" id="copyURL" title="Copy Permalink URL" class="btn-blue-outline btn-blue-outline-copy">Copy URL</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-8 abstract-main-col"> <div class="box-container box-abstract-main"> <h1>A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts</h1> <div class="reference-info"> <p>8 Ky. J. Equine, Agric., & Nat. Resources L. 349 (2015-2016) </p> </div> <p class="note note-list"> <span>51 Pages</span> <span>Posted: 1 Jun 2017</span> </p> <div class="authors authors-full-width"> <a class='lead-author-profile-link' href=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2711298 target='_blank' title='View other papers by this author'><span>See all articles by Wyatt Sassman</span><i class='icon icon-gizmo-navigate-right' aria-hidden='true'></i></a><h2><A HREF=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2711298 target='_blank' title='View other papers by this author'>Wyatt Sassman</a></h2><p>University of Denver Sturm College of Law</p> </div> <p>Date Written: 2015</p> <div class="abstract-text"> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>State courts sometimes limit their power to adjudicate cases according to constitutional standing requirements adopted by federal courts under Article III of the United States Constitution. Why? State courts are not governed by Article III, and as courts of general, rather than limited, jurisdiction, play a different role than federal courts. This Article surveys recent decisions of the fifty states and District of Columbia to answer three questions: (1) does the state apply constitutional standing requirements similar to the federal courts; (2) if so, what is the state's rationale for applying constitutional standing requirements; and (3) does the state recognize any exceptions to its constitutional standing requirements? The Article presents its results in terms of majority and minority positions, finding that: (1) a majority of states apply constitutional standing, but only a minority of those states adopt the controlling federal test articulated in Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife, 504 U.S. 555 (1992); (2) a majority of states that apply constitutional standing requirements attribute those requirements to something other than a written constitution; and (3) a majority of states recognize exceptions to their state constitutional standing requirements. Thus, I conclude that federal constitutional standing doctrine has had an outsized, but not controlling, influence on the development of state constitutional standing doctrines. Lastly, I recommend further study assessing the diversity of state rationales for constitutional standing and generating an alternative theory of constitutional standing distinguishable from Article III doctrine and better suited to the states' flexible approaches. <P></p> </div> <center> </center> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Constitutional Law, Standing, State Courts</p> <div id="ssrn-paper-declarations-widget" data-papers-api-url="https://api.ssrn.com/papers" data-abstract-id="2977348"></div> <script type="module" src="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-paper-declarations-widget/app.bundle.js"></script> <p><strong>JEL Classification:</strong> K40</p> <p> <strong class="hidden-xs hidden-sm">Suggested Citation:</strong> <a href="#" class="suggested-citation-btn btn-link visible-xs visible-sm">Suggested Citation<i class="icon icon-gizmo-navigate-right"></i></a> </p> <div id="selectable" onclick="selectText('selectable')" class="suggested-citation"> Sassman, Wyatt, A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts (2015). 8 Ky. J. Equine, Agric., & Nat. Resources L. 349 (2015-2016) , Available at SSRN: <a href="https://ssrn.com/abstract=2977348" target="_blank">https://ssrn.com/abstract=2977348</a> </div> <a href="#" class="show-contact-btn btn-link" role="button" aria-label="Show contact information"> <span aria-hidden="true"></span><i class="icon icon-gizmo-navigate-right" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> <div class="contact-information"> <div class="author"> <h3><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2711298" target='_blank'>Wyatt Sassman (Contact Author)</a></h3> <div class="block-quote"> <a href="http://law.du.edu" target="_blank"><img class="logo" src="https://papers.ssrn.com/Organizations/OrgBrandings/266817_16784.gif" alt="University of Denver Sturm College of Law"></a> <h4>University of Denver Sturm College of Law ( <a href="javascript:void(0)" onClick=" appData.push({ event: 'conversionDriverClick', conversionDriver: { name: 'article-page:email' } }); window.open('GetAuthorEmail.cfm?abid=2977348&pag=papers','Author_Email','toolbar=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=no,width=700,height=470')">email</a> )</h4> <p> <span>2255 E. Evans Ave.<br>Ste 335<br>Denver, CO 80208<br>United States<br></span> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mendeley-data-widget" data-abstract-id="2977348" data-mendeley-url="https://api.ssrn.com/mendeley/" data-assets="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-mendeley-data-widget/"></div> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-mendeley-data-widget/app.bundle.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-mendeley-data-widget/style.bundle.css" type="text/css"/> </div> <div class="abstract-buttons bottom"> <div class="button-wrapper inline"> <a href="Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2977348_code2711298.pdf?abstractid=2977348&mirid=1" class="button-link primary " data-abstract-id='2977348' data-abstract-title='A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts' onclick='sendLeadBoxerEvent()' > <span><img alt='PDF icon' src='https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/img/icons/icon-adobe-pdf.svg' title='PDF icon' />Download This Paper</span> </a> </div> <div class="button-wrapper inline"> <a href="Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2977348_code2711298.pdf?abstractid=2977348&mirid=1&type=2" class="button-link secondary " data-abstract-id='2977348' data-abstract-title='A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts' onclick='sendLeadBoxerEvent()' > <span>Open PDF in Browser</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-paper-references-widget/bundle.css" type="text/css"/> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-paper-references-widget/bundle.js"></script> <div id="paper-references-widget" data-paper-id="2977348" data-user-id="1" data-references-api-url="https://static.ssrn.com/cfc/abstract/abstract.cfc?method=getReferences"></div> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-paper-citations-widget/bundle.css" type="text/css"/> <script type="text/javascript" async="async" src="https://cdn.ssrn.com/ssrn-paper-citations-widget/bundle.js"></script> <div id="paper-citations-widget" data-paper-id="2977348" data-user-id="1" data-citations-api-url="https://static.ssrn.com/cfc/abstract/abstract.cfc?method=getCitedbys"></div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-4 abstract-side-col no-padding"> <div class="row"> <div class="box-container box-registration-call-out"> <h2 class="section-title">Do you have a job opening that you would like to promote on SSRN?</h2> <div class="stats row"> <div class="button-wrapper inline"> <a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/Announcements-Jobs/" class="button-link primary " > <span>Place Job Opening</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="box-paper-statics"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h2>Paper statistics</h2> </div> </div> <div class="stats row"> <div class="stat col-lg-4"> <div class="lbl">Downloads</div> <div class="number" title=""> 983</div> </div> <div class="stat col-lg-4"> <div class="lbl">Abstract Views</div> <div class="number" title=""> 3,737</div> </div> <div class="stat col-lg-4"> <div title="SSRN compiles rankings of Papers in our system based on a number of measures, such as downloads and citations. To be ranked, a paper must be a publicly available scholarly full-text paper on SSRN. Privately available papers are not considered in these rankings." class="lbl">Rank</div> <div class="number" title=""> 49,105</div> </div> </div> <div class="references-citations"> <a href="#paper-references-widget" title="Jump to the references for this paper."> <span> 12</span> References</a> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="stat plumx col-lg-6"> <div class="lbl">PlumX Metrics</div> <div class="hidden-xs"> <a href="https://plu.mx/ssrn/a/?ssrn_id=2977348" class="plumx-plum-print-popup" data-popup="left" data-hide-when-empty="false" data-site="ssrn" data-hide-usage="false" data-badge="false"></a> </div> <div class="visible-xs"> <a href="https://plu.mx/ssrn/a/?ssrn_id=2977348" class="plumx-plum-print-popup" data-popup="right" data-hide-when-empty="false" data-site="ssrn" data-hide-usage="false" data-badge="false"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="box-container box-related-journals"> <h2 class="section-title">Related eJournals</h2> <ul class="quick-links"> <li class="related-journal"> <p><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?form_name=journalBrowse&journal_id=945709">U.S. Constitutional Law: Interpretation & Judicial Review eJournal</a></p> <div class="rj-btn-container"> <div class="button-wrapper inline"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="button-link primary " onclick=trackEventsArticle('https://hq.ssrn.com/jourInvite.cfm?jourid=CMBO_945709&abid=2977348','related-journal'); > <span>Follow</span> </a> </div> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-information" aria-hidden="true"></i> <div class="related-journals-tooltip"> <div class="tooltip-bg"></div> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-delete" aria-label="Close Tooltip" role="button"></i> <div class="tooltip-container"> <h4 class="rj-title">U.S. Constitutional Law: Interpretation & Judicial Review eJournal</h4> <p class="rj-description"> Subscribe to this fee journal for more curated articles on this topic </p> <div class="rj-statistics"> <div class="rj-followers"> <div class="rjs-title">FOLLOWERS</div> <div class="rjs-description"> 1,960</div> </div> <div class="rj-papers"> <div class="rjs-title">PAPERS</div> <div class="rjs-description"> 6,934</div> </div> </div> <div class="rj-information"> <div>This Journal is curated by:</div> <div><b>Matthew D. Adler</b> at Duke University School of Law, <b>Brian Bix</b> at University of Minnesota Law School</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="related-journal"> <p><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?form_name=journalBrowse&journal_id=991871">Law & Society: Public Law - Constitutional Law eJournal</a></p> <div class="rj-btn-container"> <div class="button-wrapper inline"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="button-link primary " onclick=trackEventsArticle('https://hq.ssrn.com/jourInvite.cfm?jourid=CMBO_991871&abid=2977348','related-journal'); > <span>Follow</span> </a> </div> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-information" aria-hidden="true"></i> <div class="related-journals-tooltip"> <div class="tooltip-bg"></div> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-delete" aria-label="Close Tooltip" role="button"></i> <div class="tooltip-container"> <h4 class="rj-title">Law & Society: Public Law - Constitutional Law eJournal</h4> <p class="rj-description"> Subscribe to this fee journal for more curated articles on this topic </p> <div class="rj-statistics"> <div class="rj-followers"> <div class="rjs-title">FOLLOWERS</div> <div class="rjs-description"> 974</div> </div> <div class="rj-papers"> <div class="rjs-title">PAPERS</div> <div class="rjs-description"> 26,051</div> </div> </div> <div class="rj-information"> <div>This Journal is curated by:</div> <div><b>Steve Sanders</b> at Indiana University Maurer School of Law</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <div class="more quick-links"> <li class="related-journal"> <p><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/JELJOUR_Results.cfm?form_name=journalBrowse&journal_id=922081">Federal Courts & Jurisdiction eJournal</a></p> <div class="rj-btn-container"> <div class="button-wrapper inline"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="button-link primary " onclick=trackEventsArticle('https://hq.ssrn.com/jourInvite.cfm?jourid=CMBO_922081&abid=2977348','related-journal'); > <span>Follow</span> </a> </div> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-information" aria-hidden="true"></i> <div class="related-journals-tooltip"> <div class="tooltip-bg"></div> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-delete" aria-label="Close Tooltip" role="button"></i> <div class="tooltip-container"> <h4 class="rj-title">Federal Courts & Jurisdiction eJournal</h4> <p class="rj-description"> Subscribe to this fee journal for more curated articles on this topic </p> <div class="rj-statistics"> <div class="rj-followers"> <div class="rjs-title">FOLLOWERS</div> <div class="rjs-description"> 563</div> </div> <div class="rj-papers"> <div class="rjs-title">PAPERS</div> <div class="rjs-description"> 5,306</div> </div> </div> <div class="rj-information"> <div>This Journal is curated by:</div> <div><b>Anthony J. Bellia Jr.</b> at Notre Dame Law School</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </div> </ul> <a href="#" class="view-more" aria-label="View more" role="button"> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-navigate-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> <div class="row"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="feedback-tab-container"> <div class="feedback-tab" role="button" tabindex="0"> <span>Feedback</span> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-comment" aria-hidden="true"></i> </div> </div> <div id="feedbackModule" class="modal-wrapper"> <div class="modal-custom feedback"> <i class="icon-gizmo-delete modal-close" aria-label="Close modal" title="Close modal" role="button" tabindex="0"></i> <div class="feedback-title">Feedback to SSRN</div> <form name="formSuggestions" role="suggestions"> <div class="feedback-description"> <label for="txtFeedback"> <span class="feedback-label">Feedback</span> <span class="feedback-required">&nbsp;(required)</span> </label> <textarea id="txtFeedback" name="txtFeedback" maxlength="1000" placeholder="(1,000 Characters Max)" required></textarea> </div> <div class="feedback-email"> <label for="txtEmail"> <span class="feedback-label">Email</span> <span class="feedback-required">&nbsp;(required)</span> </label> <input type="email" id="txtEmail" name="txtEmail" value="" required> </div> <button class="btn-orange btn-add-to-cart feedback-submit"> Submit <i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-right" aria-hidden="true"></i> </button> </form> <div class="modal-divider"></div> </div> </div> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> var strServer = "papers.ssrn.com"; var strSugPageName = "/papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm"; var strIP = "8.222.208.146"; var strFullUrl = "papers%2Essrn%2Ecom%2Fpapers%2Essrn%2Ecom%2Fsol3%2Fpapers%2Ecfm%3Fabstract%5Fid%3D2977348"; var sEmail = ""; </script> </div> </main> <footer> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.6.3/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <!--FOOTER--> <nav aria-label="footer-navigation" class="footer-integration footer-redesigned "> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="footer-col"> <div class="button-wrapper inline"> <a href="https://hq.ssrn.com/submission.cfm" class="button-link secondary submit-paper-btn" > <span>Submit a Paper</span> <i class="icon icon-gizmo-navigate-right"></i> </a> </div> <a class="section-508-link" href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/section-508/" title="Section 508 Text Only Pages">Section 508 Text Only Pages</a> </div> <div class="footer-col"> <h4 data-toggle="collapse">SSRN Quick Links <i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-down" aria-hidden="true"></i></h4> <ul class="footer-links collapsable"> <li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.elsevier.com/solutions/ssrn" title="SSRN Solutions">SSRN Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/rps/" title="Research Paper Series">Research Paper Series</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/conferences/" title="Conference Papers">Conference Papers</a></li> <li><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/DisplayPipPublishers.cfm" title="Partners in Publishing">Partners in Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/Announcements-Jobs/" title="Jobs &amp; Announcements">Jobs &amp; Announcements</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/special-topic-hubs/" title="Jobs &amp; Announcements">Special Topic Hubs</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-col"> <h4 data-toggle="collapse">SSRN Rankings <i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-down" aria-hidden="true"></i></h4> <ul class="footer-links collapsable"> <li><a href="https://hq.ssrn.com/rankings/Ranking_display.cfm?TRN_gID=10" title="Top Papers">Top Papers</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/top-authors/" title="Top Authors">Top Authors</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/top-organizations/" title="Top Organizations">Top Organizations</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-col"> <h4 data-toggle="collapse">About SSRN <i class="icon-gizmo-navigate-down" aria-hidden="true"></i></h4> <ul class="footer-links collapsable"> <li><a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/network-directors/" title="Network Directors">Network Directors</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/recent-announcements/" title="Announcements">Announcements</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/contactus/" title="Contact us">Contact us</a></li> <li><a href="https://service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/ssrn/" title="FAQs">FAQs</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="footer-social-links"> <li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/SSRNcommunity/" title="SSRN on Facebook" aria-label="Facebook" role="link"><i class="icon icon-social-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li><a target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/493409?trk=tyah&trkInfo=clickedVertical%3Acompany%2CentityType%3AentityHistoryName%2CclickedEntityId%3Acompany_493409%2Cidx%3A0" title="SSRN on Linkedin" aria-label="Linkedin" role="link"><i class="icon icon-social-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li><a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/SSRN" title="SSRN on Twitter" aria-label="Twitter" role="link"><i class="icon icon-social-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> </ul> <div class="footer-elsevier"> <div class="footer-left"> <a class="logo-elsevier" target="_blank" href="http://www.elsevier.com/" title="Elsevier"></a> </div> <div class="footer-left"> <div class="footer-links"> <a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/dmca-notice-policy/" title="Copyright">Copyright</a> <a href="https://www.ssrn.com/index.cfm/en/terms-of-use/" title="Terms and Conditions">Terms and Conditions</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.elsevier.com/legal/privacy-policy" title="Privacy Policy">Privacy Policy</a> </div> <div class="footer-text"> <p style="padding-bottom: 0.8em">All content on this site: Copyright 漏 2024 Elsevier Inc., its licensors, and contributors. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.</p> <p>We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content.</p> <p>To learn more, visit <button id="ot-sdk-btn" class="ot-sdk-show-settings">Cookie Settings</button>. <span class="icon-gizmo-lightning alwaysshowme"> <span class="tooltip top" role="tooltip"> <span class="tooltip-arrow"></span> <span class="tooltip-inner">This page was processed by aws-apollo-l200 in <span id="serverTime"> 0.064</span> seconds <span id="loadingtime"></span></span> </span> </span> </p> </div> </div> <div class="footer-right"> <a class="logo-relx" target="_blank" href="http://www.relx.com/" title="RELX"></a> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <!--END FOOTER--> <script type="text/javascript"> var d = new Date("{ts '2017-06-01 11:15:16'}"); var seconds = Math.floor(d.getTime() / 1000); var abstractObj = { format : 'MIME-HTML', id : "2977348", onlineDate : "" + seconds + "", title : "A Survey of Constitutional Standing in State Courts", type : 'XOCS-JOURNAL:SCOPE-ABSTRACT:PREPRINT' } var arrAbstract=[]; arrAbstract.push(abstractObj); pageData["content"] = arrAbstract; pageData["researchNetworks"] = ["lAk","Zqz","oX3"]; </script> <script> window.appData = window.appData || []; var pageLoadData = pageData; pageLoadData['event'] = 'pageLoad'; appData.push(pageLoadData); </script> <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"> var participantId="";; var ssrnEnv="production";; var userName="";; var isAuthor="";; var emailAddress="";; var firstName="";; var lastName="";; var remoteIpAddr="8.222.208.146";; var cfSessionId="SSRN_237b2348-b81f-43df-ba3d-737d4589810b_0";; var pendoAAUserId = pageData.visitor.userId; var pendoAAVisitorId ; if (typeof window.pageDataTracker !== 'undefined') { pendoAAVisitorId = window.pageDataTracker.getVisitorId(); } </script> <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"> (function(apiKey){ (function(p,e,n,d,o){var v,w,x,y,z;o=p[d]=p[d]||{};o._q=o._q||[]; v=['initialize','identify','updateOptions','pageLoad','track'];for(w=0,x=v.length;w<x;++w)(function(m){ o[m]=o[m]||function(){o._q[m===v[0]?'unshift':'push']([m].concat([].slice.call(arguments,0)));};})(v[w]); y=e.createElement(n);y.async=!0;y.src='https://cdn.pendo.io/agent/static/'+apiKey+'/pendo.js'; z=e.getElementsByTagName(n)[0];z.parentNode.insertBefore(y,z);})(window,document,'script','pendo'); // Call this whenever information about your visitors becomes available // Please use Strings, Numbers, or Bools for value types. pendo.initialize({ visitor: { id: participantId, // Required if user is logged in email: emailAddress, // full_name: // Recommended if using Pendo Feedback // role: // Optional // You can add any additional visitor level key-values here, // as long as it's not one of the above reserved names. env: ssrnEnv, userName: userName, isAuthor: isAuthor, emailAddress: emailAddress, firstName: firstName, lastName: lastName, remoteIpAddress: remoteIpAddr, AAUserId: pendoAAUserId, AAVisitorId: pendoAAVisitorId, CFSessionId: cfSessionId, }, account: { id: 'ACCOUNT-UNIQUE-ID' // Highly recommended // name: // Optional // is_paying: // Recommended if using Pendo Feedback // monthly_value:// Recommended if using Pendo Feedback // planLevel: // Optional // planPrice: // Optional // creationDate: // Optional // You can add any additional account level key-values here, // as long as it's not one of the above reserved names. } }); })('16bd5dd1-e029-4c34-7a4c-3482b1250970'); </script> <a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/updateInformationLog.cfm?process=true"><img src="header/pixel.gif" border="0" alt=" " aria-hidden="true" width="1" height="1"></a> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js?v=430"></script> <script src="https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/generic-toastr/generic-toastr.js?v=430"></script> <script src="https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/copy2clipboard/copy2clipboard.js?v=430"></script> <script src="https://static.ssrn.com/cfincludes/feedback-module/feedback-module.js?v=430"></script> <script src="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Scripts/versions-groups.js?v=430"></script> <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js?v=430" integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="Scripts/papers.js?v=430" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//cdn.plu.mx/widget-popup.js?v=430"></script> <script id='cf-program-p68qz5' src='https://digitalfeedback.us.confirmit.com/api/digitalfeedback/loader?programKey=p68qz5' async></script> </footer> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10