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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Armed forces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armed_forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kingdom_of_Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kingdom_of_Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Kingdom of Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kingdom_of_Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italian_Social_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italian_Social_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Italian Social Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italian_Social_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italian_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italian_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Italian Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italian_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Emblem of Italy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="شعار إيطاليا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شعار إيطاليا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0taliya_gerbi" title="İtaliya gerbi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İtaliya gerbi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1_%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%96" title="Герб Італіі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Герб Італіі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1_%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%96" title="Герб Італіі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Герб Італіі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Емблема на Италия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Емблема на Италия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grb_Italije" title="Grb Italije – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Grb Italije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_d%27It%C3%A0lia" title="Emblema d'Itàlia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Emblema d'Itàlia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A1tn%C3%AD_znak_It%C3%A1lie" title="Státní znak Itálie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Státní znak Itálie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wappen_Italiens" title="Wappen Italiens – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wappen Italiens" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itaalia_embleem" title="Itaalia embleem – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Itaalia embleem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%99%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Εθνόσημο της Ιταλίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνόσημο της Ιταλίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_nacional_de_Italia" title="Emblema nacional de Italia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Emblema nacional de Italia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblemo_de_Italio" title="Emblemo de Italio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Emblemo de Italio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نشان ملی ایتالیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نشان ملی ایتالیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embl%C3%A8me_de_l%27Italie" title="Emblème de l'Italie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Emblème de l'Italie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stelon" title="Stelon – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Stelon" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escudo_de_Italia" title="Escudo de Italia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escudo de Italia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%ED%83%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EC%9D%98_%EA%B5%AD%EC%9E%A5" title="이탈리아의 국장 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이탈리아의 국장" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Իտալիայի զինանշան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իտալիայի զինանշան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grb_Italije" title="Grb Italije – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grb Italije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ইতালির চিনত্হান – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="ইতালির চিনত্হান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambang_Italia" title="Lambang Italia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lambang Italia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_della_Repubblica_Italiana" title="Emblema della Repubblica Italiana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Emblema della Repubblica Italiana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%94" title="סמל איטליה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סמל איטליה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="იტალიის გერბი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იტალიის გერბი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italijos_herbas" title="Italijos herbas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Italijos herbas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaszorsz%C3%A1g_c%C3%ADmere" title="Olaszország címere – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Olaszország címere" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B1_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Грб на Италија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Грб на Италија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_tal-Italja" title="Emblema tal-Italja – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Emblema tal-Italja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="شعار ايطاليا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شعار ايطاليا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embleem_van_Itali%C3%AB" title="Embleem van Italië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Embleem van Italië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AE%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%A0" title="イタリアの国章 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イタリアの国章" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italias_riksv%C3%A5pen" title="Italias riksvåpen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Italias riksvåpen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_italienske_riksv%C3%A5penet" title="Det italienske riksvåpenet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Det italienske riksvåpenet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/God%C5%82o_W%C5%82och" title="Godło Włoch – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Godło Włoch" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_da_It%C3%A1lia" title="Emblema da Itália – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Emblema da Itália" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stema_Italiei" title="Stema Italiei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stema Italiei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1_%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Герб Италии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Герб Италии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblem_o_Italy" title="Emblem o Italy – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Emblem o Italy" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li 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српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_vaakuna" title="Italian vaakuna – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Italian vaakuna" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italiens_riksvapen" title="Italiens riksvapen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Italiens riksvapen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9C%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="ตราแผ่นดินของอิตาลี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตราแผ่นดินของอิตาลี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0talya_amblemi" title="İtalya amblemi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İtalya amblemi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97" title="Емблема Італії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #369; color: white">Emblem of the Italian Republic</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/200px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/300px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/400px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="808" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #369; color: white">Versions<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy_(golden).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Emblem_of_Italy_%28golden%29.svg/110px-Emblem_of_Italy_%28golden%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Emblem_of_Italy_%28golden%29.svg/165px-Emblem_of_Italy_%28golden%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Emblem_of_Italy_%28golden%29.svg/220px-Emblem_of_Italy_%28golden%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="684" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Golden version, used on the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">presidential</a> standard</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Armiger" title="Armiger">Armiger</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian Republic</a> (colored)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Mattarella" title="Sergio Mattarella">Sergio Mattarella</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Italian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Italian Republic">President of the Italian Republic</a> (golden)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Adopted</th><td class="infobox-data">5 May 1948</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Crest_(heraldry)" title="Crest (heraldry)">Crest</a></th><td class="infobox-data">None</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Shield_(heraldry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shield (heraldry)">Shield</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Upon a cogwheel proper, the <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Stella_d%27Italia" title="Stella d'Italia">Stella d'Italia</a></i></span> ("Star of Italy")</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Supporter" title="Supporter">Supporters</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Olive_branch" title="Olive branch">Olive</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Motto" title="Motto">Motto</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;">REPVBBLICA ITALIANA</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-rep_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rep-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>emblem of the Italian Republic</b> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">emblema della Repubblica Italiana</i>) was formally adopted by the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Republic">Italian Republic</a> on 5 May 1948. Although often referred to as a <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> (or <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">stemma</i></span> in Italian), it is an <a href="/wiki/Emblem" title="Emblem">emblem</a> as it was not designed to conform to traditional <a href="/wiki/Heraldry" title="Heraldry">heraldic</a> rules. The emblem is used extensively by the <a href="/wiki/Italian_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian government">Italian government</a>. </p><p>The emblem, shaped as a <a href="/wiki/Wreath_(attire)#Ancient_Rome" title="Wreath (attire)">Roman wreath</a>, comprises a white <a href="/wiki/Five-pointed_star" title="Five-pointed star">five-pointed star</a>, the <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Stella_d%27Italia" title="Stella d'Italia">Stella d'Italia</a></i></span> (English: "Star of Italy"), which is the oldest <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Italy" title="National symbols of Italy">national symbol of Italy</a>, since it dates back to the Greco-Roman tradition,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERossi201438_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossi201438-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a thin red border, superimposed upon a five-spoked <a href="/wiki/Cogwheel" class="mw-redirect" title="Cogwheel">cogwheel</a>, standing between an <a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">olive</a> branch to the left side and an <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a> branch to the right side; the branches are in turn bound together by a red ribbon with the inscription in "<small><span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;">REPVBBLICA ITALIANA</span></span></small>" in <a href="/wiki/Roman_square_capitals" title="Roman square capitals">Roman square capitals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rep_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rep-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The armorial bearings of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Savoy" title="House of Savoy">House of Savoy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blazonry" class="mw-redirect" title="Blazonry">blazoned</a> <i>gules a cross argent</i>, were previously in use by the former <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Supporter" title="Supporter">supporters</a>, on either side <i>a lion rampant Or</i>, were replaced with <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Fasces" title="Fasces">fasci littori</a></i></span> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">bundles of the <a href="/wiki/Lictors" class="mw-redirect" title="Lictors">lictors</a></span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) during the <a href="/wiki/Italian_fascism" title="Italian fascism">fascist era</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy_(black_and_white_without_striped_background).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white_without_striped_background%29.svg/170px-Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white_without_striped_background%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white_without_striped_background%29.svg/255px-Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white_without_striped_background%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white_without_striped_background%29.svg/340px-Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white_without_striped_background%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="684" /></a><figcaption>Emblem of the Italian Republic rendered in black and white</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:State_Ensign_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/State_Ensign_of_Italy.svg/170px-State_Ensign_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/State_Ensign_of_Italy.svg/255px-State_Ensign_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/State_Ensign_of_Italy.svg/340px-State_Ensign_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>State ensign of the Italian Republic (since 2003)</figcaption></figure> <p>The central element of the emblem is the <a href="/wiki/Five-pointed_star" title="Five-pointed star">five-pointed star</a> white star, also called <i><a href="/wiki/Stella_d%27Italia" title="Stella d'Italia">Stella d'Italia</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>: "Star of Italy"), which is the oldest <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Italy" title="National symbols of Italy">national symbol of Italy</a>, since it dates back to <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greece</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERossi201438_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossi201438-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this historical epoch Italy was associated with the <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Star of Venus</a> because it was located west of the <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Hellenic peninsula</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBazzano2011101_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBazzano2011101-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Venus, immediately after sunset, is sometimes visible on the horizon towards the west.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERossi201438_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERossi201438-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the traditional symbolic representation of Italy since the <a href="/wiki/Risorgimento" class="mw-redirect" title="Risorgimento">Risorgimento</a> and refers to the traditional <a href="/wiki/Iconography" title="Iconography">iconography</a> that Italy wants to portray as an attractive woman surrounded by a <a href="/wiki/Mural_crown" title="Mural crown">turreted crown</a> - from which the <a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">allegory</a> of <a href="/wiki/Italia_turrita" title="Italia turrita">Italia turrita</a> - and dominated by a bright star, the Star of Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The star marked the first award of Republican reconstruction, the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_Italian_Solidarity" title="Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity">Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity</a>, and still indicates membership of the <a href="/wiki/Military_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Italy">Armed Forces</a> today. </p><p>On the republican emblem, the Star of Italy is superimposed on a steel <a href="/wiki/Cogwheel" class="mw-redirect" title="Cogwheel">cogwheel</a>, representing labour, which is the foundation of the Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-Quirinale_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quirinale-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Article 1 of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Constitution">Italian Constitution</a> reads:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Italy is a democratic republic, built on labour. Sovereignty belongs to the people, who exercise it in the forms and within the limits of the Constitution [...]</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Italy#Fundamental_principles" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Constitution of Italy">Article 1</a></cite></div></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carabinieri_sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Carabinieri_sign.jpg/170px-Carabinieri_sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Carabinieri_sign.jpg/255px-Carabinieri_sign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Carabinieri_sign.jpg/340px-Carabinieri_sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1932" data-file-height="2500" /></a><figcaption>Institutional symbol of the <a href="/wiki/Carabinieri" title="Carabinieri">Carabinieri</a>, present at the entrance of all the barracks</figcaption></figure> <p>However, this reference to labour is not to be understood as a legal rule, which would oblige the State to protect it in detail, but rather to refer to the <a href="/wiki/Principle" title="Principle">principle</a> connected to it, which is the foundation of Italian society.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second paragraph, instead, assigning sovereignty exclusively to the people, establishes the <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democratic</a> character of the republic.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137–138_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137–138-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cogwheel is also present on the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Angola" title="Flag of Angola">flag</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Angola" title="Emblem of Angola">emblem of Angola</a> and on the <a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Mozambique" title="Emblem of Mozambique">emblem of Mozambique</a>, nations left by the process of <a href="/wiki/Decolonization" title="Decolonization">decolonization</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese Empire</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as on the coat of arms of the <a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">Italian municipalities</a> of <a href="/wiki/Assago" title="Assago">Assago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cafasse" title="Cafasse">Cafasse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chiesina_Uzzanese" title="Chiesina Uzzanese">Chiesina Uzzanese</a>. </p><p>The set formed by the cogwheel and the star of Italy is enclosed by an <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a> branch, located on the right, which symbolizes the strength and dignity of the <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> the term <i>robur</i> means both oak and moral strength and physics,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010139_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010139-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and from an <a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">olive</a> branch, located instead on the left, which represents Italy's will for peace, both internally and vis-à-vis other nations.<sup id="cite_ref-Quirinale_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quirinale-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both oak and olive trees are characteristic of the Italian landscape. The green branches are in turn bound together by a red ribbon bearing the inscription <small>REPVBBLICA ITALIANA</small> in white capital letters. As regards Italy's desire for peace, Article 11 of the Constitution states:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010138_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010138-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Italy rejects war as an instrument of offense against the freedom of other peoples and as a means of resolving international disputes; allows equal conditions with other states to the limitations of sovereignty necessary for an order that ensures peace and justice between nations; promotes and favors international organizations aimed at this purpose [...]</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Italy#Fundamental_principles" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Constitution of Italy">Article 11</a></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The refusal of war as an instrument of offense does not signify that Italy cannot participate in a conflict, instead that articles 78 and 87 of the Constitution prescribe which state organs decide the state of <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In particular, for Italy, it is the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Parliament" title="Italian Parliament">two chambers</a> that decree the state of war, which is then formally declared by the President of the Republic; the chambers then give the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Italy" title="Government of Italy">Italian government</a> the necessary powers to face the conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-Costituzione_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Costituzione-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another extraordinary provision in case of war is the duration of the <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a> of the two chambers, which can be exceptionally extended, as stated in article 103 of the Constitution, beyond the five canonical years.<sup id="cite_ref-Costituzione_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Costituzione-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The emblem of the Italian Republic is not defined as a <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> as it has no <a href="/wiki/Escutcheon_(heraldry)" title="Escutcheon (heraldry)">shield</a>; the latter being in fact, according to the <a href="/wiki/Heraldry" title="Heraldry">heraldic</a> definition, an essential part of such devices (as opposed to other decorations such as, for example, crowns, helmets or fronds, which are accessory parts). For this reason, it is more correct to refer to it as a "<a href="/wiki/National_emblem" title="National emblem">national emblem</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Armed_forces">Armed forces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Armed forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Marina_Militare.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Marina_Militare.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Marina_Militare.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Marina_Militare.svg/255px-Coat_of_arms_of_Marina_Militare.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Coat_of_arms_of_Marina_Militare.svg/340px-Coat_of_arms_of_Marina_Militare.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of the Italian Navy, used on ensign</figcaption></figure> <p>The Italian naval <a href="/wiki/Ensign_(flag)" title="Ensign (flag)">ensign</a>, since 1947, comprises the national flag defaced with the arms of the <a href="/wiki/Marina_Militare" class="mw-redirect" title="Marina Militare">Marina Militare</a>: The shield is quartered, symbolic of the four <i><a href="/wiki/Repubbliche_marinare" class="mw-redirect" title="Repubbliche marinare">repubbliche marinare</a></i>, or great <a href="/wiki/Thalassocracy" title="Thalassocracy">thalassocracies</a>, of Italy: <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> (represented by the lion <i>passant</i>, top left), <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> (top right), <a href="/wiki/Amalfi" title="Amalfi">Amalfi</a> (bottom left), and <a href="/wiki/Pisa" title="Pisa">Pisa</a> (represented by their respective crosses). The <i>Marina Mercantile</i> (and private citizens at sea) use the civil ensign, differenced by the absence of the <a href="/wiki/Mural_crown" title="Mural crown">mural crown</a> and the lion holding open the gospel, bearing the inscription <small>PAX TIBI MARCE EVANGELISTA MEVS</small> instead of a sword.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To acknowledge the Navy's origins in ancient Rome, the <i>rostrata</i> crown, "... emblem of honor and of value that the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Senate" title="Roman Senate">Roman Senate</a> conferred on <i>duci</i> of shipping companies, conquerors of lands and cities overseas," was proposed by <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Cavagnari" title="Domenico Cavagnari">Admiral Cavagnari</a> in 1939. An <a href="/wiki/Escutcheon_(heraldry)" title="Escutcheon (heraldry)">inescutcheon</a>, bearing the Savoy shield flanked by fasces, was removed before the arms were first employed.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Esercito_Italiano" class="mw-redirect" title="Esercito Italiano">Esercito Italiano</a>, <span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Aeronautica_Militare" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeronautica Militare">Aeronautica Militare</a></span></span> and <a href="/wiki/Arma_dei_Carabinieri" class="mw-redirect" title="Arma dei Carabinieri">Arma dei Carabinieri</a> also have their own distinctive coats of arms as do each of the <a href="/wiki/Comuni" class="mw-redirect" title="Comuni">municipalities</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">provinces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">regions of Italy</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)"><span id="Kingdom_of_Italy_.28Napoleonic.29"></span>Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a> was a French <a href="/wiki/Client_state" title="Client state">client state</a> founded in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">Northern Italy</a> by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon I of France">Napoleon I</a>, Emperor of the French in 1805. It had a peculiar coat of arms, formed by the arms of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonaparte" title="House of Bonaparte">House of Bonaparte</a> augmented by charges from various Italian regions. When Napoleon abdicated the thrones of France and Italy in 1814, the former monarchies were gradually re-established and following the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1815)" title="Treaty of Paris (1815)">Treaty of Paris</a> in 1815, the rump was annexed by the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kingdom_of_Italy">Kingdom of Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Kingdom of Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between 1848 and 1861, a sequence of events led to the independence and unification of Italy (except for <a href="/wiki/Venetia_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetia (region)">Venetia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trento" title="Trento">Trento</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a>, or <i><a href="/wiki/Italian_irredentism" title="Italian irredentism">Italia irredenta</a></i>, which were united with the rest of Italy in 1866, 1870 and 1918 respectively); this period of Italian history is known as the <i><a href="/wiki/Risorgimento" class="mw-redirect" title="Risorgimento">Risorgimento</a></i>, or resurgence. During this period, the green, white and red <i>tricolore</i> became the symbol which united all the efforts of the Italian people towards freedom and independence.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Italy" title="Flag of Italy">Italian tricolour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defacement_(flag)" title="Defacement (flag)">defaced</a> with the coat of arms of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Savoy" title="House of Savoy">House of Savoy</a>, was first adopted as war flag by the <i>Regno di Sardegna-Piemonte</i> (<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Kingdom of Sardinia</a>-Piedmont) army in 1848. In his Proclamation to the Lombard-Venetian people, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Albert_of_Sardinia" title="Charles Albert of Sardinia">Charles Albert</a> said "… in order to show more clearly with exterior signs the commitment to Italian unification, We want that Our troops … have the Savoy shield placed on the Italian tricolour flag."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the arms mixed with the white of the flag, it was <i>fimbriated azure</i>, blue being the <a href="/wiki/Dynastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynastic">dynastic</a> colour.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15 April 1861, when the <i>Regno delle Due Sicilie</i> (<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a>) was incorporated into the <i>Regno d'Italia</i>, after defeat in the <a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand" title="Expedition of the Thousand">Expedition of the Thousand</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi" title="Giuseppe Garibaldi">Giuseppe Garibaldi</a>, this flag and the armorial bearings of Sardinia were declared the symbols of the newly formed kingdom. </p><p>On 4 May 1870, nine years later, the <a href="/wiki/Consulta_Araldica" title="Consulta Araldica">Consulta Araldica</a> issued a decree on the arms, as with the Sardinian arms, two <i>lions rampant</i> in gold supporting the shield, bearing instead only the Savoy cross (as on the flag) now representing all Italy, with a crowned helmet, around which, the collars of the <a href="/wiki/Military_Order_of_Savoy" title="Military Order of Savoy">Military Order of Savoy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Order_of_Savoy" title="Civil Order of Savoy">Civil Order of Savoy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Italy" title="Order of the Crown of Italy">Order of the Crown of Italy</a> (established 2 February 1868), the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saints_Maurice_and_Lazarus" title="Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus">Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus</a>, and the Supreme <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation" title="Order of the Most Holy Annunciation">Order of the Most Holy Annunciation</a> (bearing the motto <a href="/wiki/FERT" title="FERT">FERT</a>) were suspended. The lions held lances flying the national flag. From the helmet fell a royal mantle, engulfed by a pavilion under the <i>Stellone d'Italia</i>, purported to protect the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After twenty years, on 1 January 1890, the arms' exterior were slightly modified more in keeping with those of Sardinia. The fur mantling and lances disappeared and the crown was taken from the helmet to the pavilion, now sewn with crosses and roses. The <a href="/wiki/Iron_Crown_of_Lombardy" class="mw-redirect" title="Iron Crown of Lombardy">Iron Crown of Lombardy</a> was placed on the helmet, under the traditional Savoyan <a href="/wiki/Crest_(heraldry)" title="Crest (heraldry)">crest</a> (a winged lionhead), which, together with the banner of Savoy from the former Sardinian arms, replaced the star of Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These arms remained in official use for 56 years until the <a href="/wiki/Birth_of_the_Italian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Birth of the Italian Republic">birth of the Italian Republic</a> and continue today as the dynastic arms of the head of the House of Savoy.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 April 1929, the Savoy lions were replaced by Mussolini with <a href="/wiki/Fasces" title="Fasces">fasces</a> from the <a href="/wiki/National_Fascist_Party" title="National Fascist Party">National Fascist Party</a> shield.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his dismissal and arrest on 25 July 1943 however, the earlier version was briefly restored until the emblem of the new <i>Repubblica Italiana</i> was adopted, after the <a href="/wiki/1946_Italian_institutional_referendum" title="1946 Italian institutional referendum">institutional referendum on the form of the state, held on 2 June 1946</a>. This is celebrated in Italy as <a href="/wiki/Republic_Day_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic Day (Italy)">Festa della Repubblica</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italian_Social_Republic">Italian Social Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Italian Social Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Fascist_symbolism" title="Fascist symbolism">Fascist symbolism</a></div> <p>The arms of the short-lived Nazi puppet state in northern Italy, the <i>Repubblica Sociale Italiana</i> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Italian Social Republic</a>), or <i>Republic of Salò</i> as it was commonly known, was that of the governing <a href="/wiki/Republican_Fascist_Party" title="Republican Fascist Party">Republican Fascist Party</a>, a silver eagle clutching a banner of the <i>tricolore</i> inverted on a shield charged with <a href="/wiki/Fasces" title="Fasces">fasces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Italian_fascism" title="Italian fascism">Italian fascism</a> derived its name from the fasces, which symbolises authority and/or "strength through unity". The fasces has been used to show the <i>imperium</i> (<a href="/wiki/Power_(philosophy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Power (philosophy)">power</a>) of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, and was thus considered an appropriate heraldic symbol. Additionally, Roman legions had carried the <a href="/wiki/Aquila_(Roman)" title="Aquila (Roman)"><i>aquila</i></a>, or eagle, as <i>signa militaria</i>. </p><p>This shield had previously been displayed alongside the Royal arms from 1927 to 1929, when the latter was modified to incorporate elements of both.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 April 1945, commemorated as <a href="/wiki/Liberation_Day" title="Liberation Day">Festa della Liberazione</a>, the government of <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a> fell. The separate Italian Social Republic had existed for slightly more than one and a half years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italian_Republic">Italian Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Italian Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The decision to provide the <a href="/wiki/1946_Italian_institutional_referendum" title="1946 Italian institutional referendum">new Italian Republic</a> with an emblem was taken by the government of <a href="/wiki/Alcide_De_Gasperi" title="Alcide De Gasperi">Alcide De Gasperi</a> in October 1946. The design was chosen by public competition, with the requirement that political party emblems were forbidden and the inclusion of the <a href="/wiki/Stella_d%27Italia" title="Stella d'Italia">Stellone d'Italia</a> (<a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>: "Great Star of Italy"), "inspired by a sense of the earth and municipalities." The five winners were assigned further requirements for the design of the emblem, "a ring that has towered shaped crown," surrounded by a garland of Italian foliage and flora. </p><p>Below a representation of the sea, and above, the gold star, with the legend <i>Unità e Libertà</i> or Unity and Liberty in the <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian language</a>. The winner was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paolo_Paschetto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paolo Paschetto (page does not exist)">Paolo Paschetto</a>, Professor of the Institute of Fine Arts in Rome from 1914 to 1948, and the design was presented in February 1947, together with the other finalists, in an exhibition in Via Margutta. This version, however, did not meet with public approval, so a new competition was held, again won by Paolo Paschetto. The new emblem was approved by the <a href="/wiki/Constituent_Assembly_of_Italy" title="Constituent Assembly of Italy">Constituent Assembly</a> in February 1948, and officially adopted by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Italian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Italian Republic">President of the Italian Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enrico_De_Nicola" title="Enrico De Nicola">Enrico De Nicola</a>, in May 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1805-1814).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Napoleonic Italy (1805–1814)"><img alt="Coat of arms of Napoleonic Italy (1805–1814)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281805-1814%29.svg/106px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281805-1814%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="106" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281805-1814%29.svg/159px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281805-1814%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281805-1814%29.svg/213px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281805-1814%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="553" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Napoleonic_Italy" title="Coat of arms of Napoleonic Italy">Coat of arms of Napoleonic Italy</a> (1805–1814)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_variant_(1848-1870).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Sardinia during Italian unification, and the first coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Sardinia during Italian unification, and the first coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_variant_%281848-1870%29.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_variant_%281848-1870%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_variant_%281848-1870%29.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_variant_%281848-1870%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_variant_%281848-1870%29.svg/240px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_variant_%281848-1870%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1262" data-file-height="1057" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Coat of arms of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Kingdom of Sardinia</a> during Italian unification, and the first coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1870-1890).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Greater coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1878)"><img alt="Greater coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1878)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281870-1890%29.svg/93px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281870-1890%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281870-1890%29.svg/140px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281870-1890%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281870-1890%29.svg/186px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281870-1890%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2313" data-file-height="2980" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Greater coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1878)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1890).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Full achievement of the coat of arms, 1890–1929 and 1943–1946"><img alt="Full achievement of the coat of arms, 1890–1929 and 1943–1946" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg/74px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg/111px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg/149px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="726" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Full achievement of the coat of arms, 1890–1929 and 1943–1946</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1929-1944).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="As modified during the Fascist regime, 1929–1943"><img alt="As modified during the Fascist regime, 1929–1943" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281929-1944%29.svg/91px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281929-1944%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281929-1944%29.svg/137px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281929-1944%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281929-1944%29.svg/182px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281929-1944%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="593" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">As modified during the Fascist regime, 1929–1943</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Italian_Social_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Italian Social Republic, 1944–1945"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Italian Social Republic, 1944–1945" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Italian_Social_Republic.svg/92px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Italian_Social_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Italian_Social_Republic.svg/138px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Italian_Social_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Italian_Social_Republic.svg/184px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Italian_Social_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="642" data-file-height="837" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Coat of arms of the Italian Social Republic, 1944–1945</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 972px;margin:auto"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy_(black_and_white).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem rendered in black and white (with striped backgrounds)"><img alt="Emblem rendered in black and white (with striped backgrounds)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white%29.svg/160px-Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white%29.svg/241px-Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white%29.svg/321px-Emblem_of_Italy_%28black_and_white%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="684" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Emblem rendered in black and white (with striped backgrounds)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_President_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Presidential standard of Italy (since 2000)"><img alt="Presidential standard of Italy (since 2000)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_the_President_of_Italy.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_the_President_of_Italy.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_the_President_of_Italy.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_standard_of_Italy" title="Presidential standard of Italy">Presidential standard of Italy</a> (since 2000)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Substitute_President_standard_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Standard of the deputy president of the Italian Republic (since 1986)"><img alt="Standard of the deputy president of the Italian Republic (since 1986)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Substitute_President_standard_of_Italy.svg/180px-Substitute_President_standard_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Substitute_President_standard_of_Italy.svg/270px-Substitute_President_standard_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Substitute_President_standard_of_Italy.svg/360px-Substitute_President_standard_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Standard of the deputy president of the Italian Republic (since 1986)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Standard of the president of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic (since 2008)"><img alt="Standard of the president of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic (since 2008)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Italy.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Italy.svg/300px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Italy.svg/400px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Standard of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Council_of_Ministers_of_the_Italian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic">president of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic</a> (since 2008)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_civil_authority_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Standard of the civil authorities"><img alt="Standard of the civil authorities" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_civil_authority_of_Italy.svg/200px-Flag_of_civil_authority_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_civil_authority_of_Italy.svg/300px-Flag_of_civil_authority_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_civil_authority_of_Italy.svg/400px-Flag_of_civil_authority_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Standard of the civil authorities</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italian_emblem_documents.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem on government letterhead"><img alt="Emblem on government letterhead" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Italian_emblem_documents.jpg/200px-Italian_emblem_documents.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Italian_emblem_documents.jpg/300px-Italian_emblem_documents.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Italian_emblem_documents.jpg/400px-Italian_emblem_documents.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Emblem on government letterhead</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Passaportoitaliano2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem on an Italian passport"><img alt="Emblem on an Italian passport" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Passaportoitaliano2006.jpg/127px-Passaportoitaliano2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Passaportoitaliano2006.jpg/190px-Passaportoitaliano2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Passaportoitaliano2006.jpg/254px-Passaportoitaliano2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1525" data-file-height="2164" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Emblem on an <a href="/wiki/Italian_passport" title="Italian passport">Italian passport</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tessera_Sanitaria_Italia-Fronte.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="European Health Insurance Card issued in Italy showing the emblem"><img alt="European Health Insurance Card issued in Italy showing the emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Tessera_Sanitaria_Italia-Fronte.jpg/200px-Tessera_Sanitaria_Italia-Fronte.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Tessera_Sanitaria_Italia-Fronte.jpg/300px-Tessera_Sanitaria_Italia-Fronte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Tessera_Sanitaria_Italia-Fronte.jpg/400px-Tessera_Sanitaria_Italia-Fronte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4364" data-file-height="2826" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/European_Health_Insurance_Card" title="European Health Insurance Card">European Health Insurance Card</a> issued in Italy showing the emblem</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg/25px-Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg/38px-Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg/51px-Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Heraldry" title="Portal:Heraldry">Heraldry portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/48px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/64px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Italy" title="Armorial of Italy">Armorial of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Napoleonic_Italy" title="Coat of arms of Napoleonic Italy">Coat of arms of Napoleonic Italy</a></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><span lang="it" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Il_Canto_degli_Italiani" title="Il Canto degli Italiani">Il Canto degli Italiani</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Italy" title="National symbols of Italy">National symbols of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stella_d%27Italia" title="Stella d'Italia">Stella d'Italia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rep-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rep_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rep_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Repubblica Italiana</i></span> is Italian for "Italian Republic", with the U – absent from the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Latin_script#Classical_Latin_period" title="History of the Latin script">classical Latin alphabet</a> – spelt with a V, as is common in inscriptions and heraldry.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERossi201438-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERossi201438_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERossi201438_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERossi201438_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRossi2014">Rossi 2014</a>, p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBazzano2011101-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBazzano2011101_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBazzano2011">Bazzano 2011</a>, p. 101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">cfr. Cesare Ripa, <i>Iconologia</i>, sec. XVI</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Quirinale-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Quirinale_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Quirinale_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quirinale.it/qrnw/simboli/emblema/emblema.html">"I simboli della Repubblica – L'emblema"</a> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+simboli+della+Repubblica+%E2%80%93+L%27emblema&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quirinale.it%2Fqrnw%2Fsimboli%2Femblema%2Femblema.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmblem+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVilla2010">Villa 2010</a>, p. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137–138-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010137–138_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVilla2010">Villa 2010</a>, pp. 137–138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.provincia.bz.it/cultura/saudade/bandiere.htm">"Bandiere"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bandiere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.provincia.bz.it%2Fcultura%2Fsaudade%2Fbandiere.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmblem+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rbvex.it/africapag/malawimozaltre.html">"Bandiere"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bandiere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rbvex.it%2Fafricapag%2Fmalawimozaltre.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmblem+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010139-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010139_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVilla2010">Villa 2010</a>, p. 139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVilla2010138-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVilla2010138_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVilla2010">Villa 2010</a>, p. 138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Costituzione-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Costituzione_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Costituzione_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quirinale.it/qrnw/costituzione/pdf/costituzione.pdf">"Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Costituzione+della+Repubblica+Italiana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quirinale.it%2Fqrnw%2Fcostituzione%2Fpdf%2Fcostituzione.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmblem+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120701165236/http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2011/giugno/14/astro_del_mattino_divento_stellone_co_9_110614057.shtml">"E l'astro del mattino diventò lo stellone d'Italia"</a> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2011/giugno/14/astro_del_mattino_divento_stellone_co_9_110614057.shtml">the original</a> on 1 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=E+l%27astro+del+mattino+divent%C3%B2+lo+stellone+d%27Italia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchiviostorico.corriere.it%2F2011%2Fgiugno%2F14%2Fastro_del_mattino_divento_stellone_co_9_110614057.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmblem+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Decreto Legislativo del capo provvisorio dello stato n. 1305 del 9 novembre 1947 (GU 275 del 29 novembre 1947)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Emblema di onore e di valore che il Senato romano conferiva ai duci di imprese navali, conquistatori di terre e città oltremare;" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marina.difesa.it/storia/Tradizioni/bandiera.asp">La Bandiera della Marina Militare</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080915020611/http://www.marina.difesa.it/storia/tradizioni/bandiera.asp">Archived</a> 2008-09-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Ministero della Difesa (retrieved 5 October 2008)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ghisi, Enrico <i>Il tricolore italiano (1796-1870)</i> Milano: Anonima per l'Arte della Stampa, 1931; see Gay, H. Nelson in The American Historical Review Vol. 37 No. 4 (pp. 750-751), July 1932 <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1843352">1843352</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Per viemmeglio dimostrare con segni esteriori il sentimento dell'unione italiana vogliamo che le Nostre truppe ... portino lo scudo di Savoia sovrapposto alla bandiera tricolore italiana." See <a href="/wiki/D._H._Lawrence" title="D. H. Lawrence">Lawrence, D.H.</a> (ed. Philip Crumpton) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uQyA7yU6lbAC"><i>Movements in European History</i></a> (p. 230) Cambridge University Press, 1989 for an overview</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lo <a href="/wiki/Statuto_Albertino" title="Statuto Albertino">Statuto Albertino</a> Art. 77, dato in Torino addì quattro del mese di marzo l'anno del Signore mille ottocento quarantotto, e del Regno Nostro il decimo ottavo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Deliberazione della Consulta Araldica del Regno d’Italia <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnicg.net/ca1870b.asp">con cui si determina quali debbano essere gli ornamenti esteriori dello stemma dello Stato</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070909052831/http://www.cnicg.net/ca1870b.asp">Archived</a> 2007-09-09 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 4 maggio 1870; Regio Decreto n. 7282 del 27 novembre 1890</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnicg.net/stemmi.asp">Armi della Real Casa d'Italia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718094055/http://www.cnicg.net/stemmi.asp">Archived</a> 2011-07-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Corpo_della_Nobilt%C3%A0_Italiana" title="Corpo della Nobiltà Italiana">Corpo della Nobiltà Italiana</a>; Gli stemmi della Famiglia Reale sono regolati dal relativo Regio Decreto del 1 gennaio 1890 e gli stemmi dello Stato e delle Amministrazioni governative sono regolati dal Regio Decreto del 27 novembre 1890</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://savoia.blastness.com/prerogative.htm">Compiti, Prerogative e Responsabilità del Capo di Casa Savoia nell'Italia Repubblicana</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214090343/http://savoia.blastness.com/prerogative.htm">Archived</a> 2012-02-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Reale Casa d'Italia (retrieved 24 January 2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Regio Decreto n. 504 del 11 aprile 1929 VII</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Foggia della bandiera nazionale e della bandiera di combattimento delle Forze Armate</i> Decreto Legislativo del Duce della Repubblica Sociale Italiana e Capo del Governo n. 141 del 28 gennaio 1944 XXII EF (GU 107 del 6 maggio 1944 XXII EF)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Regio Decreto n. 2061 del 12 dicembre 1926 <i>sull'emblema del Fascio Littorio</i>, Regio Decreto Legislativo n. 2273 del 30 dicembre 1926 <i>norme per la fabbricazione, distribuzione e vendita di insegne e distintivi portanti l'emblema del Fascio Littorio</i>, Regio Decreto n. 1048 del 27 marzo 1927 <i>disposizioni circa l'uso del Fascio Littorio da parte delle Amministrazioni dello Stato</i>, Legge n. 928 del 9 giugno 1927 <i>conversione in legge del R. D.-L. 12 dicembre 1926, che dichiara il Fascio Littorio emblema dello Stato</i> (GU 160 del 13 luglio 1927)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Foggia ed uso dell'emblema dello Stato</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/do/gazzetta/downloadPdf?dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=19480528&numeroGazzetta=122&tipoSerie=FO&tipoSupplemento=SO&numeroSupplemento=0&estensione=pdf&edizione=0">Decreto Legislativo n. 535 del 5 maggio 1948</a>, pubblicato nella <a href="/wiki/Gazzetta_Ufficiale" title="Gazzetta Ufficiale">Gazzetta Ufficiale</a> n. 122 del 28 maggio 1948 suppl. ord.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infoleges.it/service1/scheda.aspx?id=99049&service=1">Decreto Legislativo n. 535 del 5 maggio 1948</a> infoleges.it</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBazzano2011" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bazzano, Nicoletta (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/15080772"><i>Donna Italia. L'allegoria della Penisola dall'antichità ai giorni nostri</i></a> (in Italian). Angelo Colla Editore. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-96817-06-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-96817-06-3"><bdi>978-88-96817-06-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Donna+Italia.+L%27allegoria+della+Penisola+dall%27antichit%C3%A0+ai+giorni+nostri&rft.pub=Angelo+Colla+Editore&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-88-96817-06-3&rft.aulast=Bazzano&rft.aufirst=Nicoletta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F15080772&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmblem+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRossi2014" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rossi, Girolamo (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uE_qAgAAQBAJ&q=stella+di+venere+stesicoro&pg=PA38"><i>Lo scudo crociato. Un simbolo medievale nella comunicazione politica del Novecento</i></a> (in Italian). Armando Editore. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-96817-06-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-96817-06-3"><bdi>978-88-96817-06-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lo+scudo+crociato.+Un+simbolo+medievale+nella+comunicazione+politica+del+Novecento&rft.pub=Armando+Editore&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-88-96817-06-3&rft.aulast=Rossi&rft.aufirst=Girolamo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuE_qAgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dstella%2Bdi%2Bvenere%2Bstesicoro%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmblem+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVilla2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Villa, Claudio (2010). <i>I simboli della Repubblica: la bandiera tricolore, il canto degli italiani, l'emblema</i> (in Italian). Comune di Vanzago. <a href="/wiki/National_Library_Service_of_Italy" title="National Library Service of Italy">SBN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/bid/LO11355389">IT\ICCU\LO1\1355389</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+simboli+della+Repubblica%3A+la+bandiera+tricolore%2C+il+canto+degli+italiani%2C+l%27emblema&rft.pub=Comune+di+Vanzago&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Villa&rft.aufirst=Claudio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmblem+of+Italy" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emblem_of_Italy&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Emblem_of_Italy" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Emblem of Italy">Emblem of Italy</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.quirinale.it/page/emblema">Un simbolo per la Repubblica</a> Presidenza della Repubblica, Palazzo del Quirinale <span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090603094736/http://ngw.nl/int/ita/itanat.htm">Italian Civic Heraldry</a> International Civic Heraldry, Ralf Hartemink <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span> (archived 3 June 2009)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:National symbols of Italy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_National_symbols_of_Italy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Italy" title="National symbols of Italy">National symbols of Italy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altare_della_Patria" class="mw-redirect" title="Altare della Patria">Altare della Patria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_and_artistic_works_of_the_Vittoriano" title="Architectural and artistic works of the Vittoriano">Architectural and artistic works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Vittoriano" title="History of the Vittoriano">History of the Altare della Patria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier_(Italy)" title="Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Italy)">Tomb of the Unknown Soldier of Italy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cockade_of_Italy" title="Cockade of Italy">Cockade of Italy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Emblem of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festa_della_Repubblica" title="Festa della Repubblica">Festa della Repubblica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Italy" title="Flag of Italy">Flag of Italy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flags_of_Napoleonic_Italy" title="Flags of Napoleonic Italy">Flags of Napoleonic Italy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_flags" title="List of Italian flags">List of Italian flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sala_del_Tricolore" title="Sala del Tricolore">Sala del Tricolore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scudetto" title="Scudetto">Scudetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricolour_Day" title="Tricolour Day">Tricolour Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricolour_Flag_Museum" title="Tricolour Flag Museum">Tricolour Flag Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frecce_Tricolori" title="Frecce Tricolori">Frecce Tricolori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roma_(personification)" title="Roma (personification)">Goddess Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_Canto_degli_Italiani" title="Il Canto degli Italiani">Il Canto degli Italiani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italia_turrita" title="Italia turrita">Italia turrita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_sparrow" title="Italian sparrow">Italian sparrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_wolf" title="Italian wolf">Italian wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_colours_of_Italy" title="National colours of Italy">National colours of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_standard_of_Italy" title="Presidential standard of Italy">Presidential standard of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosso_corsa" title="Rosso corsa">Rosso corsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoy_blue" title="Savoy blue">Savoy blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stella_d%27Italia" title="Stella d'Italia">Stella d'Italia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbutus_unedo" title="Arbutus unedo">Strawberry tree</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/90px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/120px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Italy_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italy_topics" title="Template:Italy topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italy_topics" title="Template talk:Italy topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italy_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italy topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italy_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Italy" title="Outline of Italy">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italy" title="History of Italy">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Italian_history" title="Timeline of Italian history">Timeline of Italian history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_citizenship" title="History of Italian citizenship">Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_coins_in_Italy" title="History of coins in Italy">Currency and coinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Italy" title="Economic history of Italy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion" title="History of Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_flags" title="List of Italian flags">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_Italy" title="Genetic history of Italy">Genetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_states_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historic states of Italy">Historic states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Italy" title="History of the Jews in Italy">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Italy" title="LGBT history in Italy">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy" title="Military history of Italy">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_history_of_Italy" title="Music history of Italy">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Italy" title="Name of Italy">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Italy" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Italy">Postage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_Italy" title="History of rail transport in Italy">Railways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Prehistory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Italy" title="Prehistoric Italy">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Italy" title="Neolithic Italy">Neolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villanovan_culture" title="Villanovan culture">Villanovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terramare_culture" title="Terramare culture">Terramare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinaldone_culture" title="Rinaldone culture">Rinaldone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apennine_culture" title="Apennine culture">Apennine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuragic_civilization" title="Nuragic civilization">Nuragic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golasecca_culture" title="Golasecca culture">Golasecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canegrate_culture" title="Canegrate culture">Canegrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latial_culture" title="Latial culture">Latial</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Ancient</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_peoples_of_Italy" title="List of ancient peoples of Italy">Ancient peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italic_peoples" title="Italic peoples">Italic peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latins_(Italic_tribe)" title="Latins (Italic tribe)">Latins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osci" title="Osci">Osci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picentes" title="Picentes">Picentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samnites" title="Samnites">Samnites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbri" title="Umbri">Umbri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Veneti" title="Adriatic Veneti">Veneti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaul" title="Cisalpine Gaul">Celts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligures" title="Ligures">Ligures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapians" title="Messapians">Messapians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Kingdom" title="Roman Kingdom">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_expansion_in_Italy" title="Roman expansion in Italy">Roman conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Roman Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire" title="Western Roman Empire">Western Empire</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Middle Ages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italy_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Italy in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> <ul><li>Italy under <a href="/wiki/Odoacer#King_of_Italy" title="Odoacer">Odoacer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogoths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Italy" title="Byzantine Italy">Byzantium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">the Holy Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardinian_medieval_kingdoms" title="Sardinian medieval kingdoms">the Sardinian Judicates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam_in_southern_Italy" title="History of Islam in southern Italy">Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_southern_Italy" title="Norman conquest of southern Italy">Normans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelphs_and_Ghibellines" title="Guelphs and Ghibellines">Guelphs and Ghibellines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_League" title="Lombard League">Lombard League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Kingdom of Sicily</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Sicilian_Vespers" title="War of the Sicilian Vespers">War of the Sicilian Vespers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Kingdom of Naples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Early modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_city-states" title="Italian city-states">Italian city-states</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Florence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Siena" title="Republic of Siena">Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_republics" title="Maritime republics">Maritime republics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Pisa" title="Republic of Pisa">Pisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Amalfi" title="Duchy of Amalfi">Amalfi</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Kingdom of Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Grand Duchy of Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Savoy" title="Duchy of Savoy">Duchy of Savoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance" title="Italian Renaissance">Renaissance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Wars" title="Italian Wars">Italian Wars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_early_modern_Italy" title="History of early modern Italy">Early Modern period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Napoleonic Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Austrian occupation and Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Kingdom of the Two Sicilies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Late modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" title="Unification of Italy">Unification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="First Italian War of Independence">First War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Second Italian War of Independence">Second War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%A7ard_exodus" title="Niçard exodus">Niçard exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_the_Thousand" title="Expedition of the Thousand">Expedition of the Thousand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy">Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Third Italian War of Independence">Third War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Rome" title="Capture of Rome">Capture of Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)">Monarchy and the World Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Empire" title="Italian Empire">Colonial Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_I" title="Military history of Italy during World War I">World War I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Italian entry into World War I">Fourth War of Independence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascist_Italy" title="Fascist Italy">Fascist Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Italy during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Fascist_regime_in_Italy" title="Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy">Fall of the Fascist regime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_resistance_movement" title="Italian resistance movement">Resistance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Social Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Civil_War" title="Italian Civil War">Civil War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.2em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Italian_Republic" title="History of the Italian Republic">Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1946_Italian_institutional_referendum" title="1946 Italian institutional referendum">Institutional referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istrian%E2%80%93Dalmatian_exodus" title="Istrian–Dalmatian exodus">Istrian–Dalmatian exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_economic_miracle" title="Italian economic miracle">Economic Boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Years_of_Lead_(Italy)" title="Years of Lead (Italy)">Years of Lead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxi_Trial" title="Maxi Trial">Maxi Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mani_pulite" title="Mani pulite">Mani pulite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Italy">Coronavirus pandemic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Italy" title="Geography of Italy">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italy_(geographical_region)" title="Italy (geographical region)">Italian geographical region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Italy" title="Climate of Italy">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Italy" title="Climate change in Italy">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Italy" title="Geology of Italy">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Italy" title="Fauna of Italy">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Italy" title="Flora of Italy">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Italy" title="List of mountains in Italy">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_foothills" title="Alpine foothills">Prealps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanism_of_Italy" title="Volcanism of Italy">Volcanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Italy" title="List of volcanoes in Italy">Volcanoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Italy" title="List of beaches in Italy">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_canals_in_Italy" title="List of canals in Italy">Canals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_Italy" title="List of caves in Italy">Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Italy" title="List of earthquakes in Italy">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Italy" title="List of islands of Italy">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Italy" title="List of lakes of Italy">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marine_Protected_Areas_of_Italy" title="List of Marine Protected Areas of Italy">Marine protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Italy" title="List of national parks of Italy">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regional_parks_of_Italy" title="List of regional parks of Italy">Regional parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Italy" title="List of rivers of Italy">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_valleys_of_Italy" title="List of valleys of Italy">Valleys</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Italy" title="Politics of Italy">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Italy" title="Constitution of Italy">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Italy" title="Elections in Italy">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Italy" title="Foreign relations of Italy">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Italy" title="Government of Italy">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Italy" title="Human rights in Italy">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Italy">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Italy" title="Judiciary of Italy">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Italy" title="Law of Italy">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Italy" title="Law enforcement in Italy">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Armed_Forces" title="Italian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_nationality_law" title="Italian nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Parliament" title="Italian Parliament">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Italy" title="List of political parties in Italy">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Italy" title="List of presidents of Italy">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Prime Minister</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Italy" title="List of prime ministers of Italy">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Italy)" title="Council of Ministers (Italy)">Council of Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_cities_of_Italy" title="Metropolitan cities of Italy">Metropolitan cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Italy" title="List of cities in Italy">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">Comune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Italy" title="List of municipalities of Italy">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_intelligence_agencies" title="Italian intelligence agencies">Security and intelligence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Italian regions by GDP">Italian regions by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Italy" title="Agriculture in Italy">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Italy" title="Automotive industry in Italy">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Italy" title="Banking in Italy">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Italy" title="List of banks in Italy">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Italy" title="Bank of Italy">Central Bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_brands" title="List of Italian brands">Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Italy" title="List of companies of Italy">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Italy" title="Energy in Italy">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_Italy" title="List of exports of Italy">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Italy" title="Science and technology in Italy">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_question" title="Southern question">Southern question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borsa_Italiana" title="Borsa Italiana">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Italy" title="Taxation in Italy">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Italy" title="Telecommunications in Italy">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Italy" title="Tourism in Italy">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trade_unions_in_Italy" title="List of trade unions in Italy">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Italy" title="Transport in Italy">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Italy" title="List of airports in Italy">air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Italy" title="Rail transport in Italy">rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_in_Italy" title="Roads in Italy">road</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_welfare_state" title="Italian welfare state">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_wine" title="Italian wine">Wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Italy" title="Category:Society of Italy">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobility of Italy">Aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Italy" title="Censorship in Italy">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Italy" title="Corruption in Italy">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Italy" title="Crime in Italy">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Italy" title="Demographics of Italy">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Italy" title="Education in Italy">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_diaspora" title="Italian diaspora">Emigration and diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Italy" title="Gambling in Italy">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Italy" title="Health in Italy">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Italy" title="Healthcare in Italy">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Italy" title="Immigration to Italy">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Italian inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Italy" title="List of people from Italy">People</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Italy" title="Languages of Italy">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Italian" title="Regional Italian">Regional</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_provinces_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Italian provinces by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Italy" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Italy">Orders, decorations, and medals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Italy" title="Poverty in Italy">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Italy" title="Prostitution in Italy">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_public_administration" title="Italian public administration">Public administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_Italy" title="Racism in Italy">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_Italy" title="Social class in Italy">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Italy" title="Terrorism in Italy">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Italy" title="Water supply and sanitation in Italy">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Italy" title="Women in Italy">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Italy" title="Culture of Italy">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duecento" title="Duecento">Duecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trecento" title="Trecento">Trecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quattrocento" title="Quattrocento">Quattrocento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinquecento" title="Cinquecento">Cinquecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seicento" title="Seicento">Seicento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Italian_culture_(1700s)" title="History of Italian culture (1700s)">Settecento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Neoclassical_and_19th-century_art" title="Italian Neoclassical and 19th-century art">Ottocento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_Canto_degli_Italiani" title="Il Canto degli Italiani">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of Italy">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_art" title="Italian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Italy" title="List of castles in Italy">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cathedrals_in_Italy" title="List of cathedrals in Italy">Cathedrals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Italy" title="Cinema of Italy">Cinema</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coat of arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_design" title="Italian design">Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_fashion" title="Italian fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Italy" title="Flag of Italy">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Italy" title="Folklore of Italy">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gardens_in_Italy" title="List of gardens in Italy">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Italy" title="Internet in Italy">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italophilia" title="Italophilia">Italophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_Italy" title="List of libraries in Italy">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_literature" title="Italian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Italy" title="Mass media in Italy">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Italy" title="List of museums in Italy">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Italy" title="Music of Italy">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythology_of_Italy" title="Mythology of Italy">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Italy" title="National symbols of Italy">National symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_palaces_in_Italy" title="List of palaces in Italy">Palaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_philosophy" title="Italian philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Italy" title="Public holidays in Italy">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Italy" title="Sport in Italy">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Italy" title="Television in Italy">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Italy" title="Theatre of Italy">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions_of_Italy" title="Traditions of Italy">Traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Italy" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Italy">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/16px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/24px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Italy" title="Category:Italy">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Coats_of_arms_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Coats_of_arms_of_Europe" title="Template:Coats of arms of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Coats_of_arms_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Coats of arms of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Coats_of_arms_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Coats of arms of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Coats_of_arms_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Europe" title="Armorial of Europe">Coats of arms of Europe</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania" title="Coat of arms of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Andorra" title="Coat of arms of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Armenia" title="Coat of arms of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Austria" title="Coat of arms of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Azerbaijan" title="National emblem of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Belarus" title="National emblem of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Belgium" title="Coat of arms of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria" title="Coat of arms of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia" title="Coat of arms of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Cyprus" title="Coat of arms of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Coat of arms of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Denmark" title="Coat of arms of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia" title="Coat of arms of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Finland" title="Coat of arms of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_France" title="Coat of arms of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany" title="Coat of arms of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Greece" title="Coat of arms of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Hungary" title="Coat of arms of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland" title="Coat of arms of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland" title="Coat of arms of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan" title="Emblem of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Latvia" title="Coat of arms of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Liechtenstein" title="Coat of arms of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Lithuania" title="Coat of arms of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Luxembourg" title="Coat of arms of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta" title="Coat of arms of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Moldova" title="Coat of arms of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Monaco" title="Coat of arms of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro" title="Coat of arms of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands" title="Coat of arms of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_North_Macedonia" title="National emblem of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Norway" title="Coat of arms of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Poland" title="Coat of arms of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Romania" title="Coat of arms of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Russia" title="Coat of arms of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_San_Marino" title="Coat of arms of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Serbia" title="Coat of arms of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Slovakia" title="Coat of arms of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Slovenia" title="Coat of arms of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Spain" title="Coat of arms of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden" title="Coat of arms of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Switzerland" title="Coat of arms of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="National emblem of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Ukraine" title="Coat of arms of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Coat of arms of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_England" title="Coat of arms of England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Coat of arms of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Scotland" title="Coat of arms of Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Vatican_City" title="Coat of arms of Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Abkhazia" title="Emblem of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Ossetia" title="Coat of arms of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Transnistria" title="Coat of arms of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_%C3%85land" title="Coat of arms of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Coat of arms of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar" title="Coat of arms of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Guernsey" title="Coat of arms of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Coat of arms of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Jersey" title="Coat of arms of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> 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