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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="LIRIlOxkytxBC4paFJ0JUEOxHTvAK0H887E1z6NNgfFneyVqWY_MgulXWUVttBspKgeHsjdmRqL5F6EXYBAqtQ" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Practical wisdom and understanding the economy" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2010" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Journal of Management Development" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Charles M.A. Clark" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="29" /> <meta name="citation_issue" content="7/8" /> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="678-685" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="0262-1711" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/107303688/Practical_wisdom_and_understanding_the_economy" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Practical wisdom and understanding the economy" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="PurposeThis paper aims to look at the development of economic theory into what Aristotle called a “theoretical science” and the subsequent rejection of practical wisdom. Since business education is largely based on economic theory, this has an effect" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/3777276/1369244/12572641/s200_charles.clark.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/107303688/Practical_wisdom_and_understanding_the_economy" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Practical wisdom and understanding the economy" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="PurposeThis paper aims to look at the development of economic theory into what Aristotle called a “theoretical science” and the subsequent rejection of practical wisdom. Since business education is largely based on economic theory, this has an effect" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://stjohns.academia.edu/CharlesClark" /> <meta name="description" content="PurposeThis paper aims to look at the development of economic theory into what Aristotle called a “theoretical science” and the subsequent rejection of practical wisdom. Since business education is largely based on economic theory, this has an effect" /> <title>(PDF) Practical wisdom and understanding the economy</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/107303688/Practical_wisdom_and_understanding_the_economy" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '1363409c2f6920b9f6129801bf9c25a45dc9d4a3'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1740148273000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1740148273000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"PurposeThis paper aims to look at the development of economic theory into what Aristotle called a “theoretical science” and the subsequent rejection of practical wisdom. Since business education is largely based on economic theory, this has an effect on management and other business disciplines.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines how the philosophical preconceptions that underlie economic theory greatly influence the development of economic theory and policy. The approach is to use the history of economic ideas to get a deeper understanding of current economic ideas and issues.FindingsThe paper finds that the attempt to turn economics into a hard science forced economists to adopt an overly narrow view of the human person, to exclude ethics from their analysis and to ignore historical and social context; that is the real economy. Following this research agenda turned economics into a mere defense of laissez‐faire ideology, and led to the promotion of economic policies tha...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Charles Clark","url":"https://stjohns.academia.edu/CharlesClark"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2023-09-27","datePublished":"2010-01-01","headline":"Practical wisdom and understanding the economy","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/106008369/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Economics","Ideology","Economic Theory","Economic policy","Management Development","Research Agenda","Socially-responsible Investing","Business and Management","Business Education","Economic Crisis","Social Context","Economic analysis","Financial Services","Design Methodology"],"publication":"Journal of Management 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{"work":{"id":107303688,"created_at":"2023-09-27T04:57:03.155-07:00","from_world_paper_id":240958340,"updated_at":"2024-04-15T14:58:01.451-07:00","_data":{"abstract":"PurposeThis paper aims to look at the development of economic theory into what Aristotle called a “theoretical science” and the subsequent rejection of practical wisdom. Since business education is largely based on economic theory, this has an effect on management and other business disciplines.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines how the philosophical preconceptions that underlie economic theory greatly influence the development of economic theory and policy. The approach is to use the history of economic ideas to get a deeper understanding of current economic ideas and issues.FindingsThe paper finds that the attempt to turn economics into a hard science forced economists to adopt an overly narrow view of the human person, to exclude ethics from their analysis and to ignore historical and social context; that is the real economy. Following this research agenda turned economics into a mere defense of laissez‐faire ideology, and led to the promotion of economic policies tha...","publisher":"Emerald","publication_date":"2010,,","publication_name":"Journal of Management Development"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Practical wisdom and understanding the economy","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [3777276]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":106008369,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Practical wisdom and understanding the economy”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/106008369/mini_magick20230927-1-fshww2.png?1695815938" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Practical wisdom and understanding the economy</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3777276" href="https://stjohns.academia.edu/CharlesClark"><img alt="Profile image of Charles Clark" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/3777276/1369244/12572641/s65_charles.clark.jpg" />Charles Clark</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2010, Journal of Management Development</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">8 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 107303688; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">PurposeThis paper aims to look at the development of economic theory into what Aristotle called a “theoretical science” and the subsequent rejection of practical wisdom. Since business education is largely based on economic theory, this has an effect on management and other business disciplines.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines how the philosophical preconceptions that underlie economic theory greatly influence the development of economic theory and policy. The approach is to use the history of economic ideas to get a deeper understanding of current economic ideas and issues.FindingsThe paper finds that the attempt to turn economics into a hard science forced economists to adopt an overly narrow view of the human person, to exclude ethics from their analysis and to ignore historical and social context; that is the real economy. Following this research agenda turned economics into a mere defense of laissez‐faire ideology, and led to the promotion of economic policies tha...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":106008369,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/107303688/Practical_wisdom_and_understanding_the_economy"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":106008369,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/107303688/Practical_wisdom_and_understanding_the_economy"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC SCHOOLS AS A CONSEQUENCE OF CHANGES IN THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN NATURE</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66614821" href="https://sgh-pl.academia.edu/AnnaHorodecka">Anna Horodecka</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Annales. Etyka w życiu gospodarczym, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The last financial crisis combined with some recent social trends (like growing inequality or environmental problems) inspired many contemporary economists to the re-evaluation of actual economic knowledge in the search for solutions to these problems. Modern economic schools (especially heterodox ones) stress the meaning of ethical issues in economics more often. The thesis of the paper is that this revival of the ethical face of present economics depends very strongly on the changing assumptions of human nature within economics and other disciplines which work alongside economics, such as social psychology or business ethics, for instance. In order to prove the thesis, the paper provides an evaluation of current economic schools, especially within the heterodoxy, in search of their ethical aspects, and presents them as a result of the changing assumptions about human beings within those schools. This ethical dimension of human beings manifests itself in different ways, which can be perceived as a result of it being based on different ethical schools and different psychological and philosophical assumptions about human nature. Therefore , the paper also considers the current developments of the view on human beings in contemporary schools of economic ethics.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THE CHANGING FACE OF ECONOMICS? ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC SCHOOLS AS A CONSEQUENCE OF CHANGES IN THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN NATURE","attachmentId":54938803,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35078103/THE_CHANGING_FACE_OF_ECONOMICS_ETHICAL_ISSUES_IN_CONTEMPORARY_ECONOMIC_SCHOOLS_AS_A_CONSEQUENCE_OF_CHANGES_IN_THE_CONCEPT_OF_HUMAN_NATURE","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35078103/THE_CHANGING_FACE_OF_ECONOMICS_ETHICAL_ISSUES_IN_CONTEMPORARY_ECONOMIC_SCHOOLS_AS_A_CONSEQUENCE_OF_CHANGES_IN_THE_CONCEPT_OF_HUMAN_NATURE"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="8318092" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8318092/TEACHING_ECONOMIC_PHILOSOPHY_ECONOMICS_ETHICS_AND_THE_SEARCH_FOR_THE_RIGHT_MAXIMAND">TEACHING ECONOMIC PHILOSOPHY: ECONOMICS, ETHICS AND THE SEARCH FOR THE RIGHT MAXIMAND</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="16601058" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KrisnaMarsela">Krisna Marsela</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Economic philosophy is not often taught, and is not necessarily easily taught. It involves enquiry into implicit assumptions within orthodox economics and within alternatives to it. It seeks to highlight why it is that some critics object that neoclassical economics is too atomistic, hedonistic, and rationalistic, or why others lament that there is much hidden metaphysics in Friedman and his Chicago School colleagues. It addresses the issue of whether -in a reversal of the view that economics is the imperialistic social science -significant philosophical assumptions have been silently but inescapably imported into orthodox economics. This paper seeks to facilitate the presentation of such material with illustrations selected from social economics, development economics, and critiques of utilitarianism.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"TEACHING ECONOMIC PHILOSOPHY: ECONOMICS, ETHICS AND THE SEARCH FOR THE RIGHT MAXIMAND","attachmentId":34725547,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8318092/TEACHING_ECONOMIC_PHILOSOPHY_ECONOMICS_ETHICS_AND_THE_SEARCH_FOR_THE_RIGHT_MAXIMAND","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8318092/TEACHING_ECONOMIC_PHILOSOPHY_ECONOMICS_ETHICS_AND_THE_SEARCH_FOR_THE_RIGHT_MAXIMAND"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="32604638" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32604638/The_Philosophy_of_Economics">The Philosophy of Economics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="63371453" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MksthKova">Mksth Kova</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Philosophy of Economics","attachmentId":52778599,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/32604638/The_Philosophy_of_Economics","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/32604638/The_Philosophy_of_Economics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="81129495" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81129495/ARISTOTLE_on_the_ECONOMY">ARISTOTLE on the ECONOMY</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="20589477" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ScottMeikle">Scott Meikle</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2011</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">From seemingly outdated passages of Aristotle on oikono mikè, this paper tries to select and separate what is old-fashioned from what is valid for today. 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Selected Issues and Various Perspectives</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44564340" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Rafa%C5%82Matera">Rafał Matera</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33518172" href="https://unilodz.academia.edu/JoannaDzionek">Joanna Dzionek Kozlowska</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This book reformulates the central questions of ethics in economic thought. It reconsiders the purpose of economic activity, the ethical values of entrepreneurs, and the Aristotelian dilemma of differentiating between needs and desires to better understand the rise of consumerism. The book also examines cultural factors, the role of religion, and the significance of informal institutions, ultimately showing how less developed countries can increase opportunities for all of their citizens.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ethics in Economic Thought. 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Crespo's Philosophy of the economy: an Aristotelian approach, Springer, 2013, 154 pp.; and of A reassessment of Aristotle's economic thought, Routledge, 2014, 145 pp</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2689988" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SpencerPack">Spencer J Pack</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ricardo F. Crespo's Philosophy of the economy: an Aristotelian approach, Springer, 2013, 154 pp.; and of A reassessment of Aristotle's economic thought, Routledge, 2014, 145 pp","attachmentId":81104975,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/71991290/Ricardo_F_Crespos_Philosophy_of_the_economy_an_Aristotelian_approach_Springer_2013_154_pp_and_of_A_reassessment_of_Aristotles_economic_thought_Routledge_2014_145_pp","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/71991290/Ricardo_F_Crespos_Philosophy_of_the_economy_an_Aristotelian_approach_Springer_2013_154_pp_and_of_A_reassessment_of_Aristotles_economic_thought_Routledge_2014_145_pp"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="84208930" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/84208930/A_Sceptics_Comment_on_the_Study_of_Economics">A Sceptic's Comment on the Study of Economics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="46462371" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RubinsteinAriel">Ariel Rubinstein</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Economic Journal, 2006</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A survey was carried out among two groups of undergraduate economics students and four groups of students in mathematics, law, philosophy and business administration. 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