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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orthographe_et_grammaire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Orthographe et grammaire</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Orthographe_et_grammaire-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Orthographe et grammaire</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Orthographe_et_grammaire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alphabet_de_Meinhof" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alphabet_de_Meinhof"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Alphabet de Meinhof</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alphabet_de_Meinhof-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alphabet_général_des_langues_camerounaises" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alphabet_général_des_langues_camerounaises"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Alphabet général des langues camerounaises</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alphabet_général_des_langues_camerounaises-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Phonologie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phonologie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Phonologie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Phonologie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Phonologie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Phonologie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Consonnes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consonnes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Consonnes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consonnes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voyelles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voyelles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Voyelles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voyelles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grammaire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grammaire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Grammaire</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Grammaire-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Grammaire</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Grammaire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronoms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronoms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Pronoms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronoms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classes_nominales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classes_nominales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Classes nominales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classes_nominales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grammaticale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grammaticale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Grammaticale</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Grammaticale-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Grammaticale</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Grammaticale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-les_mois_de_l'année[13]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#les_mois_de_l'année[13]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>les mois de l'année<sup><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-les_mois_de_l'année[13]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-le_corps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#le_corps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>le corps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-le_corps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-quelques_phrases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#quelques_phrases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>quelques phrases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-quelques_phrases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-les_chiffres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#les_chiffres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>les chiffres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-les_chiffres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Duala (langue)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 16 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doualaeg" title="Doualaeg – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Doualaeg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duala_(Sprache)" title="Duala (Sprache) – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Duala (Sprache)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duala_language" title="Duala language – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Duala language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duala" title="Duala – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Duala" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%E1%BB%A5s%E1%BB%A5_Duala" title="Asụsụ Duala – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Asụsụ Duala" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E8%AA%9E" title="ドゥアラ語 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドゥアラ語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duala_(Lok%C3%B3t%C3%A1)" title="Duala (Lokótá) – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Duala (Lokótá)" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual%C5%B3_kalba" title="Dualų kalba – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dualų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Duala" title="Bahasa Duala – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Duala" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doala" title="Doala – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Doala" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_duala" title="Język duala – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język duala" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Duala" title="Lenga Duala – piémontais" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Duala" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piémontais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_duala" title="Língua duala – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua duala" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA)" title="Дуала (язык) – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дуала (язык)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiduala" title="Kiduala – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiduala" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duala_dili" title="Duala dili – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Duala dili" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q33013#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Duala_(langue)" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Duala_(langue)" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Duala_(langue)"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Duala_(langue)"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible 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href="/w/index.php?title=Douala_(langue)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Douala (langue)">Douala (langue)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Douala_(homonymie)" class="mw-disambig" title="Douala (homonymie)">Douala (homonymie)</a>. </p> </div></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete bd" style="background-color:#FFA500;color:black;">Douala<br /><small><i><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">duálá</span></i></small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r160408458">.mw-parser-output .entete.bd{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Picto_infobox_comicballoon.png")}</style> </td></tr> <tr><th scope="row">Pays </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Cameroun" title="Cameroun">Cameroun</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Nombre de locuteurs </th> <td>langue maternelle : 550 000<br />total : 1 500 000 (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-Ewane202011_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ewane202011-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Typologie_linguistique" title="Typologie linguistique">Typologie</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Langue_SVO" title="Langue SVO">SVO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Langue_%C3%A0_tons" title="Langue à tons">à tons</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#FFA500; color:#000000">Classification par famille</th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> <a href="/wiki/Langues_nig%C3%A9ro-congolaises" title="Langues nigéro-congolaises">langues nigéro-congolaises</a> <small>(famille hypothétique)</small><ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> <a href="/wiki/Langues_atlantico-congolaises" title="Langues atlantico-congolaises">langues atlantico-congolaises</a><ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> <a href="/wiki/Langues_volta%C3%AFco-congolaises" title="Langues voltaïco-congolaises">langues voltaïco-congolaises</a> <small>(hypothétique)</small><ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> <a href="/wiki/Langues_b%C3%A9nou%C3%A9-congolaises" title="Langues bénoué-congolaises">langues bénoué-congolaises</a><ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> <a href="/wiki/Langues_banto%C3%AFdes" title="Langues bantoïdes">langues bantoïdes</a><ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> <a href="/wiki/Langues_banto%C3%AFdes_m%C3%A9ridionales" title="Langues bantoïdes méridionales">langues bantoïdes méridionales</a><ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> <a href="/wiki/Langues_bantoues" title="Langues bantoues">langues bantoues</a><ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> zone A (<a href="/wiki/Classification_des_langues_bantoues_selon_Guthrie" title="Classification des langues bantoues selon Guthrie"><abbr class="abbr" title="classification">class.</abbr> de Guthrie</a>)<ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> <a href="/wiki/Sawabantu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sawabantu">sawabantu</a><ul style="margin:0.1em 0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none; line-height:normal;text-align:left"> <li style="position:relative;margin:0.1em 0;margin-left:0.8em;line-height:normal;"><span style="position:absolute;left:-0.8em;color:#AAA">-</span> <b>douala</b></li></ul> </li></ul> </li></ul> </li></ul> </li></ul> </li></ul> </li></ul> </li></ul> </li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#FFA500; color:#000000">Codes de langue</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tiquette_d%27identification_de_langues_IETF" title="Étiquette d'identification de langues IETF">IETF</a> </th> <td><code>dua</code> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a></span> </th> <td><code>dua</code> </td> </tr> <tr><th scope="row"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span> </th> <td><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=dua">dua</a></code> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3#Étendue" title="ISO 639-3">Étendue</a> </th> <td>langue individuelle </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3#Type" title="ISO 639-3">Type</a> </th> <td>langue vivante </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Observatoire_linguistique" title="Observatoire linguistique"><i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Linguasphere</span></i></a> </th> <td><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hortensj-garden.org/index.php?tnc=1&tr=lsr&nid=99-AUA-ba">99-AUA-ba</a></code> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="display:none;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #FFA500 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color: inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Langue" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p>Le <b>duala</b> (<i><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">ɓwambo ɓwá duálá</span></i> en duala littéralement « la langue des Duala ») est une <a href="/wiki/Langue_%C3%A0_tons" title="Langue à tons">langue tonale</a> bantoue parlée dans la région environnante de la ville de <a href="/wiki/Douala" title="Douala">Douala</a> au <a href="/wiki/Cameroun" title="Cameroun">Cameroun</a> par le peuple <a href="/wiki/Duala_(peuple)" title="Duala (peuple)">Duala</a> et des ethnies qui lui sont proches. </p><p>Le duala est parlée en majorité dans la ville de Douala et ses environs, et également dans une bonne partie du Sud-Ouest du Cameroun. </p><p>Elle est la langue maternelle de plus de 550 000 personnes et utilisée par plus de 1 500 000 locuteurs. Elle appartient à la famille des <a href="/wiki/Langues_nig%C3%A9ro-congolaises" title="Langues nigéro-congolaises">langues nigéro-congolaises</a>, et au groupe des <a href="/wiki/Langues_bantoues" title="Langues bantoues">langues bantoues</a>. <a href="/wiki/Langue_v%C3%A9hiculaire" title="Langue véhiculaire">Langue véhiculaire</a> du grand peuple <a href="/wiki/Sawa_(peuple)" title="Sawa (peuple)">Sawa</a>, elle est proche de plusieurs autres langues telles que le <a href="/wiki/Pongo_(langue)" title="Pongo (langue)">pongo</a>, le mongo, le malimba, l'oli (ewodi), le Bakweri. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Classification" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Classification"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le duala appartient à la famille des <a href="/wiki/Langues_bantoues" title="Langues bantoues">langues bantoues</a> et au groupe des <a href="/wiki/Langues_sawabantu" title="Langues sawabantu">langues sawabantu</a>. </p> <ul><li>Classification de Guthrie : A.24, groupe C.20</li> <li>Classification Bastin/Coupé/Mann : A.24</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orthographe_et_grammaire">Orthographe et grammaire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Orthographe et grammaire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Orthographe et grammaire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le duala est la toute première langue à avoir été écrite par les missionnaires au Cameroun, avec une traduction du <a href="/wiki/Nouveau_Testament" title="Nouveau Testament">Nouveau Testament</a> en 1862 par <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Saker" title="Alfred Saker">Alfred Saker</a><sup id="cite_ref-Friesen,_1990_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Friesen,_1990-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Mais c'est à partir de 1927 que pour la première fois, un camerounais, <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Moum%C3%A9_Etia" title="Isaac Moumé Etia">Isaac Moumé Etia</a>, écrit des manuels d'apprentissage du Duala. </p><p>En 1927, Isaac Moumé Etia publie <i>La langue de Douala (Cameroun) par vous-même : grammaire, exercices, conversations</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En 1928, il publie, <i>Dictionnaire du langage franco-douala contenant tous les mots usuels</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En 1929, paraît un second tome de <i>La langue de Douala (Cameroun) par vous-même : grammaire, exercices, conversations</i>. Il publie ensuite en 1930, <i>Grammaire abrégée de la langue Douala (Cameroun)</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> . </p><p>Au cours des années, le douala connaît trois orthographes principales, chacune sous l’influence de l’autorité coloniale ou de l’origine des missionnaires : allemand, et français et anglais. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7">Différentes orthographes du douala<sup id="cite_ref-Bird,_2001_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bird,_2001-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Britannique</b></td> <td>e̱</td> <td>o̱</td> <td>oa</td> <td>ny</td> <td>ma bola</td> <td>mienge </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Allemande</b></td> <td>e̱</td> <td>o̱</td> <td>wa</td> <td>ń</td> <td>mabola</td> <td>myenge </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Française</b></td> <td>e</td> <td>o̱</td> <td>oa</td> <td>ñ</td> <td>mabola</td> <td>mienge </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alphabet_de_Meinhof">Alphabet de Meinhof</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Alphabet de Meinhof" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Alphabet de Meinhof"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En 1901, le professeur C. Meinhof et des missionnaires de la <a href="/wiki/Mission_de_B%C3%A2le" title="Mission de Bâle">Mission protestante de Bâle</a> établissent une orthographe phonétique simplifiée tenant compte principalement de la langue parlée. L’orthographe est assez populaire et est suivie en général<sup id="cite_ref-Helmlinger,_1972_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Helmlinger,_1972-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="28">Alphabet de Meinhof (1901)<sup id="cite_ref-Helmlinger,_1972_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Helmlinger,_1972-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Majuscules </th> <td><a href="/wiki/A_(lettre)" title="A (lettre)">A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/B_(lettre)" title="B (lettre)">B</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/C_(lettre)" title="C (lettre)">C</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/D_(lettre)" title="D (lettre)">D</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E_(lettre)" title="E (lettre)">E</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/E%CC%B1" title="E̱">E̱</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/F_(lettre)" title="F (lettre)">F</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/G_(lettre)" title="G (lettre)">G</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/H_(lettre)" title="H (lettre)">H</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/I_(lettre)" title="I (lettre)">I</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/J_(lettre)" title="J (lettre)">J</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/K_(lettre)" title="K (lettre)">K</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/L_(lettre)" title="L (lettre)">L</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/M_(lettre)" title="M (lettre)">M</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/N_(lettre)" title="N (lettre)">N</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E1%B9%84" title="Ṅ">Ṅ</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%83" title="Ń">Ń</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/O_(lettre)" title="O (lettre)">O</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/O%CC%B1" title="O̱">O̱</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/P_(lettre)" title="P (lettre)">P</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/R_(lettre)" title="R (lettre)">R</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/S_(lettre)" title="S (lettre)">S</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/T_(lettre)" title="T (lettre)">T</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/U_(lettre)" title="U (lettre)">U</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/W_(lettre)" title="W (lettre)">W</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Y_(lettre)" title="Y (lettre)">Y</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Minuscules </th> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>e </td> <td>e̱</td> <td>f</td> <td>g</td> <td>h</td> <td>i </td> <td>j</td> <td>k</td> <td>l</td> <td>m</td> <td>n </td> <td>ṅ</td> <td>ń</td> <td>o</td> <td>o̱</td> <td>p </td> <td>r</td> <td>s</td> <td>t</td> <td>u</td> <td>w </td> <td>y </td></tr> <tr> <th>Phonèmes </th> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_a" class="mw-redirect" title="API a"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">a</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_b" class="mw-redirect" title="API b"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">b</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_c" class="mw-redirect" title="API c"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">c</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_d" class="mw-redirect" title="API d"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">d</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_e" class="mw-redirect" title="API e"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">e</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɛ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɛ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_f" class="mw-redirect" title="API f"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">f</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɡ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɡ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_h" class="mw-redirect" title="API h"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">h</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_i" class="mw-redirect" title="API i"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">i</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɟ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɟ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_k" class="mw-redirect" title="API k"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">k</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_l" class="mw-redirect" title="API l"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">l</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_m" class="mw-redirect" title="API m"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">m</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_n" class="mw-redirect" title="API n"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">n</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C5%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="API ŋ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ŋ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɲ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɲ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_o" class="mw-redirect" title="API o"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">o</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɔ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɔ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_p" class="mw-redirect" title="API p"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">p</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_r" class="mw-redirect" title="API r"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">r</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_s" class="mw-redirect" title="API s"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">s</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_t" class="mw-redirect" title="API t"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">t</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_u" class="mw-redirect" title="API u"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">u</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_w" class="mw-redirect" title="API w"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">w</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_j" class="mw-redirect" title="API j"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">j</span></a>/ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alphabet_général_des_langues_camerounaises"><span id="Alphabet_g.C3.A9n.C3.A9ral_des_langues_camerounaises"></span>Alphabet général des langues camerounaises</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Alphabet général des langues camerounaises" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Alphabet général des langues camerounaises"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En 1978, l’<a href="/wiki/Alphabet_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_des_langues_camerounaises" title="Alphabet général des langues camerounaises">Alphabet général des langues camerounaises</a> (AGLC) est créé pour uniformiser les règles orthographiques entre les différentes langues camerounaises. De nouvelles règles s’appliquent donc à l’orthographe du douala. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_des_langues_camerounaises" title="Alphabet général des langues camerounaises">AGLC</a> (1978) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Majuscules </th> <td>A</td> <td>B</td> <td>Ɓ</td> <td>C</td> <td>D</td> <td>Ɗ</td> <td>E </td> <td>Ɛ</td> <td>F</td> <td>G</td> <td>H</td> <td>I </td> <td>J</td> <td>K</td> <td>L</td> <td>M</td> <td>N </td> <td>Ɲ</td> <td>Ŋ</td> <td>O</td> <td>Ɔ</td> <td>P </td> <td>R</td> <td>S</td> <td>T</td> <td>U</td> <td>W </td> <td>Y </td></tr> <tr> <th>Minuscules </th> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>ɓ</td> <td>c</td> <td>d</td> <td>ɗ</td> <td>e </td> <td>ɛ</td> <td>f</td> <td>g</td> <td>h</td> <td>i </td> <td>j</td> <td>k</td> <td>l</td> <td>m</td> <td>n </td> <td>ɲ</td> <td>ŋ</td> <td>o</td> <td>ɔ</td> <td>p </td> <td>r</td> <td>s</td> <td>t</td> <td>u</td> <td>w </td> <td>y </td></tr> <tr> <th>Phonèmes </th> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_a" class="mw-redirect" title="API a"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">a</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_b" class="mw-redirect" title="API b"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">b</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%93" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɓ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɓ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_c" class="mw-redirect" title="API c"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">c</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_d" class="mw-redirect" title="API d"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">d</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%97" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɗ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɗ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_e" class="mw-redirect" title="API e"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">e</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɛ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɛ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_f" class="mw-redirect" title="API f"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">f</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɡ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɡ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_h" class="mw-redirect" title="API h"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">h</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_i" class="mw-redirect" title="API i"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">i</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɟ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɟ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_k" class="mw-redirect" title="API k"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">k</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_l" class="mw-redirect" title="API l"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">l</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_m" class="mw-redirect" title="API m"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">m</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_n" class="mw-redirect" title="API n"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">n</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɲ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɲ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C5%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="API ŋ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ŋ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_o" class="mw-redirect" title="API o"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">o</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɔ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɔ</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_p" class="mw-redirect" title="API p"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">p</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_r" class="mw-redirect" title="API r"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">r</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_s" class="mw-redirect" title="API s"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">s</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_t" class="mw-redirect" title="API t"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">t</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_u" class="mw-redirect" title="API u"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">u</span></a>/</td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_w" class="mw-redirect" title="API w"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">w</span></a>/ </td> <td>/<a href="/wiki/API_j" class="mw-redirect" title="API j"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">j</span></a>/ </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>L’orthographe AGLC utilise les lettres ‹ ɓ › et ‹ ɗ › pour les phonèmes <a href="/wiki/API_b" class="mw-redirect" title="API b">/<span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">b</span>/</a> et <a href="/wiki/API_d" class="mw-redirect" title="API d">/<span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">d</span>/</a> réalisés [<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%93" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɓ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɓ</span></a>] et [<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%97" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɗ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɗ</span></a>] devant toutes les voyelles à l’exception des <a href="/wiki/Voyelle_ferm%C3%A9e" title="Voyelle fermée">voyelles fermées</a> [<a href="/wiki/API_i" class="mw-redirect" title="API i"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">i</span></a>], [<a href="/wiki/API_u" class="mw-redirect" title="API u"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">u</span></a>]. La <a href="/wiki/Consonne_occlusive_injective_bilabiale_vois%C3%A9e" title="Consonne occlusive injective bilabiale voisée">consonne occlusive injective bilabiale voisée</a> [<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%93" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɓ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɓ</span></a>] et la <a href="/wiki/Consonne_occlusive_injective_alv%C3%A9olaire_vois%C3%A9e" title="Consonne occlusive injective alvéolaire voisée">consonne occlusive injective alvéolaire voisée</a> [<a href="/wiki/API_%C9%97" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɗ"><span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">ɗ</span></a>] sont respectivement des allophones de la <a href="/wiki/Consonne_occlusive_bilabiale_vois%C3%A9e" title="Consonne occlusive bilabiale voisée">consonne occlusive bilabiale voisée</a> <a href="/wiki/API_b" class="mw-redirect" title="API b">/<span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">b</span>/</a> et de la <a href="/wiki/Consonne_occlusive_alv%C3%A9olaire_vois%C3%A9e" title="Consonne occlusive alvéolaire voisée">consonne occlusive alvéolaire voisée</a> <a href="/wiki/API_d" class="mw-redirect" title="API d">/<span title="Alphabet phonétique international" class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">d</span>/</a>. Cependant l’occlusive injective bilabiale voisée prénasalisée <span class="API" style="font-family:'DejaVu Sans','Doulos SIL','Lucida Grande','Segoe UI','Arial Unicode MS','Adobe Pi Std','Lucida Sans Unicode','Chrysanthi Unicode',Code2000,Gentium,GentiumAlt,'TITUS Cyberbit Basic','Bitstream Vera Sans','Bitstream Cyberbit','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro','Matrix Unicode',sans-serif;">/ᵐɓ/</span> est un <a href="/wiki/Phon%C3%A8me" title="Phonème">phonème</a> à part entière car il est utilisé de manière distinctive de l’occlusive bilabiale prénasalisée dans quelques pairs minimales<sup id="cite_ref-Paulian197170_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paulian197170-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Les tons notés sont : </p> <ul><li>le ton haut noté à l’aide de l’accent aigu : á ;</li> <li>le ton moyen noté à l’aide du macron : ā ;</li> <li>le ton bas est noté par la voyelle seule : a ;</li> <li>le ton montant noté à l’aide de l’accent antiflexe : ǎ ;</li> <li>le ton descendant noté à l’aide de l’accent circonflexe : â.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phonologie">Phonologie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Phonologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Phonologie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consonnes">Consonnes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Consonnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Consonnes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fairytale_warning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/17px-Fairytale_warning.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/26px-Fairytale_warning.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/34px-Fairytale_warning.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Duala_(langue)" title="Spécial:EditPage/Duala (langue)">Votre aide</a> est la bienvenue ! <a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">Comment faire ?</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Voyelles">Voyelles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Voyelles" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voyelles"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fairytale_warning.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/17px-Fairytale_warning.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/26px-Fairytale_warning.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fairytale_warning.png/34px-Fairytale_warning.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell">Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou incomplète. <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/Duala_(langue)" title="Spécial:EditPage/Duala (langue)">Votre aide</a> est la bienvenue ! <a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">Comment faire ?</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grammaire">Grammaire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Grammaire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Grammaire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronoms">Pronoms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Pronoms" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Pronoms"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Pronoms personnels<sup id="cite_ref-Nseme1998128_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nseme1998128-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>singulier </th> <th>pluriel </th></tr> <tr> <th>1<sup>e</sup> personne </th> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">mbá</span> </td> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">bisɔ́</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2<sup>e</sup> personne </th> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">oá</span> </td> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">binyɔ́</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>3<sup>e</sup> personne </th> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">mɔ́</span> </td> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">babɔ́</span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Préfixes verbaux<sup id="cite_ref-Nseme1998128_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nseme1998128-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>1<sup>e</sup> sg. </th> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">n-</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2<sup>e</sup> sg. </th> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">w-</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>3<sup>e</sup> sg. </th> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">a-</span>, <small>(voir classes nominales)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th>1<sup>e</sup> pl. </th> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">j-</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2<sup>e</sup> pl. </th> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">l</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>3<sup>e</sup> pl. </th> <td><span class="lang-dua" lang="dua">ba-</span>, <small>(voir classes nominales)</small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Déterminants démonstratifs en duala </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Classe sémantique </th> <th>Proximal </th> <th>Médial </th> <th>Distal </th></tr> <tr> <td>1/2 </td> <td>nú / bá </td> <td>nún / bán </td> <td>núnɛ / bánɛ </td></tr> <tr> <td>3/4 </td> <td>mú / mí </td> <td>mún / mín </td> <td>múnɛ / mínɛ </td></tr> <tr> <td>5/6 </td> <td>dí / má </td> <td>dín / mán </td> <td>dínɛ / mánɛ </td></tr> <tr> <td>7/8 </td> <td>yé / bé </td> <td>yén / bén </td> <td>yénɛ / bénɛ </td></tr> <tr> <td>19/12 </td> <td>yí / ló </td> <td>yín / lón </td> <td>yínɛ / lónɛ </td></tr> <tr> <td>14/4 </td> <td>bó / mí </td> <td>bón / mín </td> <td>bónɛ / mínɛ </td></tr> <tr> <td>9/10 </td> <td>ní / yí </td> <td>nín / yín </td> <td>nínɛ / yínɛ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classes_nominales">Classes nominales</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Classes nominales" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Classes nominales"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En douala, le lexique peut être regroupée en sept <a href="/wiki/Classe_s%C3%A9mantique" title="Classe sémantique">classes sémantiques</a> formées de deux classes nominales de <a href="/wiki/Carl_Meinhof" title="Carl Meinhof">Carl Meinhof</a> (la première étant le singulier et le second, le pluriel): 1/2 — 3/4 — 5/6 — 7/8 — 19/12 — 14/4 — 9/10. La classe sémantique 9/10 désigne le <a href="/wiki/Locatif" title="Locatif">locatif</a><sup id="cite_ref-Helm_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Helm-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Préfixes des classes nominales<sup id="cite_ref-Nseme1998129_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nseme1998129-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Helmlinger1972xii_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Helmlinger1972xii-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><br /> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Classes du bantou commun </th> <th colspan="2">Préfixes<br />nominaux </th> <th colspan="2">Préfixes<br />adjectivaux </th> <th colspan="2">Préfixes<br />verbaux </th></tr> <tr> <th>Consonne </th> <th>Voyelle </th> <th>Consonne </th> <th>Voyelle </th> <th>Consonne </th> <th>Voyelle </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>mo-, mu-</td> <td>mw-, m- </td> <td>nú-</td> <td>ɲ- </td> <td>a-</td> <td>∅ </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>ba-</td> <td>b- </td> <td>bá-</td> <td>b- </td> <td>bá-</td> <td>b- </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>mu-</td> <td>mw-, m </td> <td>mú-</td> <td>mw- </td> <td>mú-</td> <td>mw-, n- </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td>mi-</td> <td>my- </td> <td>mí-</td> <td>my-, m- </td> <td>mí-</td> <td>my-, mw-, m- </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td>di-</td> <td>d-, j- </td> <td>di-</td> <td>l- </td> <td>di-</td> <td>l-, j- </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td>ma-</td> <td>m- </td> <td>má-</td> <td>m- </td> <td>má-</td> <td>m- </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td>e-</td> <td>ey-, y- </td> <td>é-</td> <td>y- </td> <td>é-</td> <td>y- </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td>be-</td> <td>by-, b- </td> <td>bé</td> <td>b- </td> <td>bé-</td> <td>b- </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><big><sup>n-</sup></big></td> <td>ɲ-, </td> <td>m-, ní</td> <td>ɲ- </td> <td>e-</td> <td>ɲ- </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><big><sup>n-</sup></big></td> <td>ɲ- </td> <td>í-</td> <td>y- </td> <td>i-</td> <td>y- </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td>bo-</td> <td>bw-, b- </td> <td>bó-</td> <td>bw-, b- </td> <td>bó-</td> <td>bw-, b- </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td>lo-</td> <td>l- </td> <td>ló-</td> <td>l- </td> <td>ló-</td> <td>ló-, l- </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 </td> <td>i-</td> <td>y- </td> <td>í-</td> <td>y- </td> <td>i-</td> <td>y- </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grammaticale">Grammaticale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifier la section : Grammaticale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Grammaticale"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mot</th> <th>Traduction </th></tr> <tr> <td>terre</td> <td>wase, miñangadu </td></tr> <tr> <td>ciel</td> <td>dibobe </td></tr> <tr> <td>eau</td> <td>madíbá </td></tr> <tr> <td>feu</td> <td>wéá </td></tr> <tr> <td>homme</td> <td>moto, mumí </td></tr> <tr> <td>femme</td> <td>múto </td></tr> <tr> <td>l'enfant</td> <td>múna </td></tr> <tr> <td>être humain</td> <td>mot'a benama </td></tr> <tr> <td>manger</td> <td>dá </td></tr> <tr> <td>boire</td> <td>ñó </td></tr> <tr> <td>grand</td> <td>-ndéne, édène, bodène </td></tr> <tr> <td>gros</td> <td>kolà </td></tr> <tr> <td>petit</td> <td>-sadi, sala, bosadi </td></tr> <tr> <td>nuit</td> <td>bulú, budu </td></tr> <tr> <td>jour</td> <td>búñá, idiba, mwése </td></tr> <tr> <td>amour</td> <td>ndóló </td></tr> <tr> <td>oui</td> <td>ê </td></tr> <tr> <td>non</td> <td>kèm </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="les_mois_de_l'année[13]"><span id="les_mois_de_l.27ann.C3.A9e.5B13.5D"></span>les mois de l'année<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifier la section : les mois de l'année[13]" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : les mois de l'année[13]"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mot </th> <th>Traduction </th></tr> <tr> <td>Janvier </td> <td>Dimôdi </td></tr> <tr> <td>Février </td> <td>Ngôndè </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mars </td> <td>Sôè </td></tr> <tr> <td>Avril </td> <td>Dibábá </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mai </td> <td>Emiasèlè </td></tr> <tr> <td>Juin </td> <td>Esôpêsôpè </td></tr> <tr> <td>Juillet </td> <td>Madíbêdibè </td></tr> <tr> <td>Août </td> <td>Dingíndí </td></tr> <tr> <td>Septembre </td> <td>Ñètèki </td></tr> <tr> <td>Novembre </td> <td>Tiníní </td></tr> <tr> <td>Décembre </td> <td>Eláê </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="le_corps">le corps</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifier la section : le corps" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=13" title="Modifier le code source de la section : le corps"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mot</th> <th>Traduction </th></tr> <tr> <td>le cœur (les cœurs)</td> <td>muléma (miléma) </td></tr> <tr> <td>la tête</td> <td>mulópō </td></tr> <tr> <td>la bouche</td> <td>mundumbu </td></tr> <tr> <td>la dent (les dents)</td> <td>sóngá (masóngá) </td></tr> <tr> <td>le ventre</td> <td>dibum </td></tr> <tr> <td>l'œil (les yeux)</td> <td>dísɔ̀ (mísɔ̀) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <hr /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="quelques_phrases">quelques phrases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifier la section : quelques phrases" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=14" title="Modifier le code source de la section : quelques phrases"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mot</th> <th>Traduction </th></tr> <tr> <td>je sais</td> <td>na bi </td></tr> <tr> <td>je ne sais pas</td> <td>na sí bí </td></tr> <tr> <td>je veux manger</td> <td>na púlá dá </td></tr> <tr> <td>je ne veux pas manger</td> <td>na sí ma púlá dá </td></tr> <tr> <td>je veux boire de l'eau</td> <td>na púlá ñó madíbá </td></tr> <tr> <td>donne - moi de l'eau</td> <td>bolá mbá madíbá </td></tr> <tr> <td>S'il te plait</td> <td>son </td></tr> <tr> <td>Je t'aime</td> <td>Na tondi wa </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="les_chiffres">les chiffres</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifier la section : les chiffres" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=15" title="Modifier le code source de la section : les chiffres"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mot</th> <th>Traduction </th></tr> <tr> <td>un</td> <td>ewɔ̄ (mɔ, diwɔ, bɔ, pɔ...) </td></tr> <tr> <td>deux</td> <td>béɓǎ (miɓa, maɓa, baɓa, iɓa...) </td></tr> <tr> <td>trois</td> <td>bélálo (milalo, malalo, balalo, ilalo...) </td></tr> <tr> <td>quatre</td> <td>bénɛí (minéi, manéi, banéi, inéi...) </td></tr> <tr> <td>cinq</td> <td>bétánu (mitanu, matanu, batanu, itanu...) </td></tr> <tr> <td>six</td> <td>mutōɓā </td></tr> <tr> <td>sept</td> <td>sǎmbā </td></tr> <tr> <td>huit</td> <td>lɔmbi </td></tr> <tr> <td>neuf</td> <td>dibuā </td></tr> <tr> <td>dix</td> <td>ɗôm </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=16" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ewane202011-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Ewane202011_1-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Ewane2020">Ewane 2020</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 11. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Friesen,_1990-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Friesen,_1990_2-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Dand T. <span class="petites_capitales" style="font-variant: small-caps;">Friesen</span>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.und.nodak.edu/dept/linguistics/theses/2002FriesenD.htm">Oroko orthography development: linguistic and sociolinguistic factors</a></i>, University of North Dakota, 1990.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Moumé_Etia1927"><span class="ouvrage" id="Isaac_Moumé_Etia1927">Isaac Moumé Etia, <cite class="italique">La langue de Douala (Cameroun) par vous-même : grammaire, exercices, conversations</cite>, Lomé - Togo, Imprimerie de l'école professionnelle, <time>1927</time>, 22 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bmarchives.org/items/show/42937">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+langue+de+Douala+%28Cameroun%29+par+vous-m%C3%AAme+%3A+grammaire%2C+exercices%2C+conversations&rft.place=Lom%C3%A9+-+Togo&rft.pub=Imprimerie+de+l%27%C3%A9cole+professionnelle&rft.au=Isaac+Moum%C3%A9+Etia&rft.date=1927&rft.tpages=22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Moumé_Etia1928"><span class="ouvrage" id="Isaac_Moumé_Etia1928">Isaac Moumé Etia, <cite class="italique">Dictionnaire du langage franco-douala: contenant tous les mots usuels</cite>, Clermont-Ferrand, Imprimerie générale G. de Bussac, <time>1928</time>, 198 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books/about/Dictionnaire_du_langage_franco_douala.html?id=2oUIAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+du+langage+franco-douala%3A+contenant+tous+les+mots+usuels&rft.place=Clermont-Ferrand&rft.pub=Imprimerie+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale+G.+de+Bussac&rft.au=Isaac+Moum%C3%A9+Etia&rft.date=1928&rft.tpages=198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Barreteau_,Evelyne_Ngantchui,Terri_Scruggs,1993"><span class="ouvrage" id="Daniel_Barreteau_,Evelyne_Ngantchui,Terri_Scruggs,1993">Daniel Barreteau ,Evelyne Ngantchui,Terri Scruggs,, <cite class="italique">Bibliographie des langues camerounaises</cite>, Yaoundé - Paris, Orstom - ACCT, <time>1993</time>, 273 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers11-10/39571.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bibliographie+des+langues+camerounaises&rft.place=Yaound%C3%A9+-+Paris&rft.pub=Orstom+-+ACCT&rft.au=Daniel+Barreteau+%2CEvelyne+Ngantchui%2CTerri+Scruggs%2C&rft.date=1993&rft.tpages=273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bird,_2001-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Bird,_2001_6-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Steven <span class="petites_capitales" style="font-variant: small-caps;">Bird</span>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.4.2090">Orthography and Identity in Cameroon</a></i>, 2001.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Helmlinger,_1972-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Helmlinger,_1972_7-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Helmlinger,_1972_7-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Paul <span class="petites_capitales" style="font-variant: small-caps;">Helmlinger</span>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ddl.ish-lyon.cnrs.fr/projets/clhass/PageWeb/ressources/duala.pdf">Dictionnaire duala-français, suivi d’un lexique français-duala</a></i>, éditions Klincksieck, Paris, 1972.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paulian197170-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Paulian197170_8-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Paulian1971">Paulian 1971</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 70. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nseme1998128-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Nseme1998128_9-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Nseme1998128_9-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Nseme1998">Nseme 1998</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 128. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Helm-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Helm_10-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Helmlinger1972"><span class="ouvrage" id="Paul_Helmlinger1972">Paul Helmlinger, <cite class="italique">Dictionnaire duala-français</cite>, Paris, Éditions Klincksieck, <time>1972</time><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+duala-fran%C3%A7ais&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+Klincksieck&rft.aulast=Helmlinger&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1972&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nseme1998129-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Nseme1998129_11-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Nseme1998">Nseme 1998</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 129. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Helmlinger1972xii-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Helmlinger1972xii_12-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Helmlinger1972">Helmlinger 1972</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> xii. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://duala.douala.free.fr/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Apprendre la langue douala et le vocabulaire, dictionnaire thématique</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">duala.douala.free.fr</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-11-26" data-sort-value="2017-11-26">26 novembre 2017</time>)</small></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=17" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=18" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Ewane2012"><span class="ouvrage" id="Valérie_Ewane2012">Valérie <span class="nom_auteur">Ewane</span>, <cite class="italique">Parlons douala : langue bantoue du Cameroun</cite>, Paris, L’Harmattan, <time>2012</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-336-00087-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-336-00087-9"><span class="nowrap">978-2-336-00087-9</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Parlons+douala+%3A+langue+bantoue+du+Cameroun&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=L%E2%80%99Harmattan&rft.aulast=Ewane&rft.aufirst=Val%C3%A9rie&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-2-336-00087-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Moumé_Etia1927"><span class="ouvrage" id="Isaac_Moumé_Etia1927"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Moum%C3%A9_Etia" title="Isaac Moumé Etia">Isaac <span class="nom_auteur">Moumé Etia</span></a>, <cite class="italique">La langue de Douala (Cameroun) par vous-même : grammaire, exercices, conversations</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 1, Lomé (Togo), Imprimerie de l'école professionnelle, <time>1927</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.defap-bibliotheque.fr/index.php?lvl=author_see&id=13075">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+langue+de+Douala+%28Cameroun%29+par+vous-m%C3%AAme+%3A+grammaire%2C+exercices%2C+conversations&rft.place=Lom%C3%A9+%28Togo%29&rft.pub=Imprimerie+de+l%27%C3%A9cole+professionnelle&rft.aulast=Moum%C3%A9+Etia&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rft.date=1927&rft.volume=1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalogue.defap-bibliotheque.fr%2Findex.php%3Flvl%3Dauthor_see%26id%3D13075&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Moumé_Etia1928"><span class="ouvrage" id="Isaac_Moumé_Etia1928">Isaac <span class="nom_auteur">Moumé Etia</span>, <cite class="italique">Dictionnaire du langage franco-douala contenant tous les mots usuels</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 1, Clermont - Ferrand, Imprimerie générale G. de Bussac, <time>1928</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.defap-bibliotheque.fr/index.php?lvl=author_see&id=13075">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+du+langage+franco-douala+contenant+tous+les+mots+usuels&rft.place=Clermont+-+Ferrand&rft.pub=Imprimerie+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale+G.+de+Bussac&rft.aulast=Moum%C3%A9+Etia&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rft.date=1928&rft.volume=1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalogue.defap-bibliotheque.fr%2Findex.php%3Flvl%3Dauthor_see%26id%3D13075&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Moumé_Etia1929"><span class="ouvrage" id="Isaac_Moumé_Etia1929">Isaac <span class="nom_auteur">Moumé Etia</span>, <cite class="italique">La langue de Douala (Cameroun) par vous-même : grammaire, exercices, conversations</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 2, Clermont - Ferrand, Imprimerie générale G. de Bussac, <time>1929</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.defap-bibliotheque.fr/index.php?lvl=author_see&id=13075">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+langue+de+Douala+%28Cameroun%29+par+vous-m%C3%AAme+%3A+grammaire%2C+exercices%2C+conversations&rft.place=Clermont+-+Ferrand&rft.pub=Imprimerie+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale+G.+de+Bussac&rft.aulast=Moum%C3%A9+Etia&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rft.date=1929&rft.volume=2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalogue.defap-bibliotheque.fr%2Findex.php%3Flvl%3Dauthor_see%26id%3D13075&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Moumé_Etia1930"><span class="ouvrage" id="Isaac_Moumé_Etia1930">Isaac <span class="nom_auteur">Moumé Etia</span>, <cite class="italique">Grammaire abrégée de la langue Douala (Cameroun)</cite>, Clamart, Imprimerie générale Je Sers, <time>1930</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uBZQtOUXb3MC&pg=PA136">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grammaire+abr%C3%A9g%C3%A9e+de+la+langue+Douala+%28Cameroun%29&rft.place=Clamart&rft.pub=Imprimerie+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale+Je+Sers&rft.aulast=Moum%C3%A9+Etia&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rft.date=1930&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuBZQtOUXb3MC%26pg%3DPA136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Nseme1998"><span class="ouvrage" id="Clédor_Nseme1998">Clédor <span class="nom_auteur">Nseme</span>, <cite style="font-style:normal">« Annexe 5 : Quelques notes théoriques et pratiques destinées à l’enseignement du duala »</cite>, dans Maurice Tadadjeu, Elisabeth Gfeller et Gabriel Mba, <cite class="italique">Manuel de formation pour l’enseignement des langues nationales dans les écoles primaires</cite>, Département des langues africaines et linguistique, F.L.S.H., Université de Yaoundé, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « PROPELCA » (<abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 32), <time>1998</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">127-133</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Manuel+de+formation+pour+l%E2%80%99enseignement+des+langues+nationales+dans+les+%C3%A9coles+primaires&rft.atitle=Annexe+5+%3A+Quelques+notes+th%C3%A9oriques+et+pratiques+destin%C3%A9es+%C3%A0+l%E2%80%99enseignement+du+duala&rft.pub=D%C3%A9partement+des+langues+africaines+et+linguistique%2C+F.L.S.H.%2C+Universit%C3%A9+de+Yaound%C3%A9&rft.aulast=Nseme&rft.aufirst=Cl%C3%A9dor&rft.date=1998&rft.pages=127-133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Paulian1971"><span class="ouvrage" id="Christiane_Paulian1971">Christiane <span class="nom_auteur">Paulian</span>, <cite style="font-style:normal">« Esquisse phonologique du duala »</cite>, dans <cite class="italique">Études bantoues</cite>, Société des études linguistiques et anthropologiques de France (SELAF), <time>1971</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:05476">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=%C3%89tudes+bantoues&rft.atitle=Esquisse+phonologique+du+duala&rft.pub=Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+des+%C3%A9tudes+linguistiques+et+anthropologiques+de+France+%28SELAF%29&rft.aulast=Paulian&rft.aufirst=Christiane&rft.date=1971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ADuala+%28langue%29"></span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=19" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linguistique" title="Linguistique">linguistique</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liste_de_langues" title="Liste de langues">liste de langues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_par_famille" title="Langues par famille">langues par famille</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_nig%C3%A9ro-congolaises" title="Langues nigéro-congolaises">langues nigéro-congolaises</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_atlantico-congolaises" title="Langues atlantico-congolaises">langues atlantico-congolaises</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_volta%C3%AFco-congolaises" title="Langues voltaïco-congolaises">langues voltaïco-congolaises</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_b%C3%A9nou%C3%A9-congolaises" title="Langues bénoué-congolaises">langues bénoué-congolaises</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_banto%C3%AFdes" title="Langues bantoïdes">langues bantoïdes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_banto%C3%AFdes_m%C3%A9ridionales" title="Langues bantoïdes méridionales">langues bantoïdes méridionales</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_bantoues" title="Langues bantoues">langues bantoues</a> <ul><li>langues <a href="/wiki/Sawabantu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sawabantu">sawabantu</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langues_par_zone_g%C3%A9ographique" title="Langues par zone géographique">langues par zone géographique</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_en_Afrique" title="Langues en Afrique">langues en Afrique</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Langues_au_Cameroun" title="Langues au Cameroun">langues au Cameroun</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duala_(langue)&action=edit&section=20" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/douala" class="extiw" title="wikt:douala">douala</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <ul><li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33013?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11935465c">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11935465c">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/027277739">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85039845">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4120172-3">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007565192605171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/dual1243">Glottocode</a></span></li> </ul></div></li> <li><cite class="ouvrage" id="ethnologuedua"><span style="font-style: normal;"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/language/dua">Fiche langue</a> <code>[dua]</code> dans la base de données linguistique <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue,_Languages_of_the_World" title="Ethnologue, Languages of the World"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Ethnologue</span></a>.</i></span></cite></li> <li><cite class="ouvrage" id="glottologdual1243"><span style="font-style: normal;"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/dual1243">Fiche langue</a> <code>[dual1243]</code> dans la base de données linguistique <i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i>.</span></cite></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.language-archives.org/language/dua">Sources d'information</a> sur le site de l'<a href="/wiki/Open_Language_Archives_Community" title="Open Language Archives Community">OLAC</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reflex.cnrs.fr/Lexiques/webball/biblio.php?LGNUM=dua">Sources d'information</a> traitant du douala sur le site de <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">WEB Bibliography for African Languages and Linguistics</span></i>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint collapsed" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Langues_au_Cameroun" title="Modèle:Palette Langues au Cameroun"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Langues_au_Cameroun&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cameroon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Cameroun"><img alt="Drapeau du Cameroun" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Langues_au_Cameroun" title="Langues au Cameroun">Langues au Cameroun</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Langues officielles</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Français">français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglais" title="Anglais">anglais</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Langues véhiculaires</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabe" title="Arabe">arabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamoun_(langue)" title="Bamoun (langue)">bamum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baka_(langue_oubanguienne)" title="Baka (langue oubanguienne)">baka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakweri_(langue)" title="Bakweri (langue)">bakweri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassa_(langue_bantoue)" title="Bassa (langue bantoue)">bassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulou_(langue)" title="Boulou (langue)">boulou</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">duala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewondo" title="Ewondo">ewondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbaya_(langue)" title="Gbaya (langue)">gbaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haoussa" title="Haoussa">haoussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanouri_(langue)" title="Kanouri (langue)">kanouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mboum_(langue)" title="Mboum (langue)">mboum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medumba" title="Medumba">medumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mungaka" title="Mungaka">mungaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peul" title="Peul">peul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pidgin_camerounais" title="Pidgin camerounais">pidgin camerounais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikar_(langue)" title="Tikar (langue)">tikar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandala" title="Wandala">wandala</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="">Autres langues</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abon" title="Abon">abon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afade_(langue)" title="Afade (langue)">afade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aghem_(langue)" title="Aghem (langue)">aghem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajumbu" title="Ajumbu">ajumbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akoose" title="Akoose">akoose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akum_(langue)" title="Akum (langue)">akum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amasi_(langue)" title="Amasi (langue)">amasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambele" title="Ambele">ambele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambo_(langue)" title="Ambo (langue)">ambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atong_(langue)" title="Atong (langue)">atong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awing_(langue)" title="Awing (langue)">awing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baba_(langue)" title="Baba (langue)">baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babungo_(langue)" title="Babungo (langue)">babungo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baca_(langue)" title="Baca (langue)">baca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bafanji_(langue)" title="Bafanji (langue)">bafanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bafaw-balong" title="Bafaw-balong">bafaw-balong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bafia_(langue)" title="Bafia (langue)">bafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bafut_(langue)" title="Bafut (langue)">bafut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakaka_(langue)" title="Bakaka (langue)">bakaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakoko_(langue)" title="Bakoko (langue)">bakoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakole_(langue)" title="Bakole (langue)">bakole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldemu" title="Baldemu">baldemu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balo_(langue)" title="Balo (langue)">balo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamali_(langue)" title="Bamali (langue)">bamali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bambalang_(langue)" title="Bambalang (langue)">bambalang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bambili-bambui" title="Bambili-bambui">bambili-bambui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamunka_(langue)" title="Bamunka (langue)">bamunka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamunkumbit_(langue)" title="Bamunkumbit (langue)">bamunkumbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bana_(langue_tchadique)" title="Bana (langue tchadique)">bana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangandu_(langue)" title="Bangandu (langue)">bangandu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangolan" title="Bangolan">bangolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankon_(langue)" title="Bankon (langue)">bankon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barombi_(langue)" title="Barombi (langue)">barombi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassossi" title="Bassossi">bassossi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bata_(langue)" title="Bata (langue)">bata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batanga_(langue)" title="Batanga (langue)">batanga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Banoho_(langue)" title="Banoho (langue)">banoho</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bati_(langue)" title="Bati (langue)">bati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu_(langue)" title="Batu (langue)">batu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beba_(langue)" title="Beba (langue)">beba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebele_(langue)" title="Bebele (langue)">bebele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebil" title="Bebil">bebil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beezen" title="Beezen">beezen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Befang_(langue)" title="Befang (langue)">befang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekwel" title="Bekwel">bekwel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langues_beti" title="Langues beti">beti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikya" title="Bikya">bikya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishuo" title="Bishuo">bishuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitare" title="Bitare">bitare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boki_(langue)" title="Boki (langue)">boki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomwali" title="Bomwali">bomwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonkeng_(langue)" title="Bonkeng (langue)">bonkeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubi_(langue)" title="Bubi (langue)">bube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubia_(langue)" title="Bubia (langue)">bubia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buduma_(langue)" title="Buduma (langue)">buduma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bum_(langue)" title="Bum (langue)">bum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bung_(langue)" title="Bung (langue)">bung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busam" title="Busam">busam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busuu_(langue)" title="Busuu (langue)">busuu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buwal" title="Buwal">buwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byep" title="Byep">byep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caka_(langue)" title="Caka (langue)">caka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chungmboko" title="Chungmboko">chungmboko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuvok" title="Cuvok">cuvok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daba_(langue)" title="Daba (langue)">daba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dama_(langue)" title="Dama (langue)">dama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dek" title="Dek">dek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denya" title="Denya">denya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dghwede" title="Dghwede">dghwede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dii_(langue)" title="Dii (langue)">dii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimbong_(langue)" title="Dimbong (langue)">dimbong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dowayo_(langue)" title="Dowayo (langue)">dowayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugun" title="Dugun">dugun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugvor" title="Dugvor">dugvor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duli-gey" title="Duli-gey">duli-gey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duupa_(langue)" title="Duupa (langue)">duupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzodinka" title="Dzodinka">dzodinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efai" title="Efai">efai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ejagham_(langue)" title="Ejagham (langue)">ejagham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eman_(langue)" title="Eman (langue)">eman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esimbi" title="Esimbi">esimbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_(langue_bantoue)" title="Eton (langue bantoue)">eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evant" title="Evant">evant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langues_fali" title="Langues fali">fali du Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langues_fali" title="Langues fali">fali du Sud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_(langue)" title="Fang (langue)">fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gawar_(langue)" title="Gawar (langue)">gawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbaya-mbodomo" title="Gbaya-mbodomo">gbaya-mbodomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbaya_du_Nord-Ouest" title="Gbaya du Nord-Ouest">gbaya du Nord-Ouest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbete_(langue)" title="Gbete (langue)">gbete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghomala%CA%BC" title="Ghomalaʼ">ghomalaʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimme_(langue)" title="Gimme (langue)">gimme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimnime" title="Gimnime">gimnime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glavda_(langue)" title="Glavda (langue)">glavda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gude_(langue)" title="Gude (langue)">gude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guduf-gava" title="Guduf-gava">guduf-gava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guemzek_(langue)" title="Guemzek (langue)">guemzek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guidar_(langue)" title="Guidar (langue)">guidar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiziga_du_Nord" title="Guiziga du Nord">guiziga du Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiziga_du_Sud" title="Guiziga du Sud">guiziga du Sud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gvoko" title="Gvoko">gvoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyele_(langue)" title="Gyele (langue)">gyele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hid%C3%A9_(langue)" title="Hidé (langue)">hdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijuk" title="Hijuk">hijuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hya_(langue)" title="Hya (langue)">hya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceve-maci" title="Iceve-maci">iceve-maci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipulo" title="Ipulo">ipulo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isu_(langue)" title="Isu (langue)">isu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isubu_(langue)" title="Isubu (langue)">isubu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyive" title="Iyive">iyive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimi_(langue_du_Cameroun)" title="Jimi (langue du Cameroun)">jimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jina_(langue)" title="Jina (langue)">jina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukun_takum" title="Jukun takum">jukun takum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kako_(langue)" title="Kako (langue)">kako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamkam" title="Kamkam">kamkam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamwe" title="Kamwe">kamwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karang_(langue)" title="Karang (langue)">karang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kare_(langue)" title="Kare (langue)">kare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kejom" title="Kejom">kejom</a> (babanki)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemedzung" title="Kemedzung">kemedzung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendem_(langue)" title="Kendem (langue)">kendem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenswei_nsei" title="Kenswei nsei">kenswei nsei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyang" title="Kenyang">kenyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9ra_(langue)" title="Kéra (langue)">kéra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kol_(langue_bantoue)" title="Kol (langue bantoue)">kol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolbila_(langue)" title="Kolbila (langue)">kolbila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kom_(langue_des_Grassfields)" title="Kom (langue des Grassfields)">kom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koma_(langue)" title="Koma (langue)">koma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koonzime" title="Koonzime">koonzime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korop_(langue)" title="Korop (langue)">korop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshin_(langue)" title="Koshin (langue)">koshin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotoko_(langue)" title="Kotoko (langue)">kotoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuk_(langue)" title="Kuk (langue)">kuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung_(langue)" title="Kung (langue)">kung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuo_(langue)" title="Kuo (langue)">kuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutep" title="Kutep">kutep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwa%27" title="Kwa'">kwa'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwaja_(langue)" title="Kwaja (langue)">kwaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwakum_(langue)" title="Kwakum (langue)">kwakum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwanja_(langue)" title="Kwanja (langue)">kwanja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwasio" title="Kwasio">kwasio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La%27bi" title="La'bi">la'bi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagwan" title="Lagwan">lagwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laimbue" title="Laimbue">laimbue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamnso%27" title="Lamnso'">lamnso'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lefa_(langue)" title="Lefa (langue)">lefa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leti_(langue_banto%C3%AFde)" title="Leti (langue bantoïde)">leti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbum" title="Limbum">limbum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Londo_(langue)" title="Londo (langue)">londo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longto" title="Longto">longto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_(langue_du_Cameroun)" title="Luo (langue du Cameroun)">luo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mada_(langue_du_Cameroun)" title="Mada (langue du Cameroun)">maɗa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafa_(langue)" title="Mafa (langue)">mafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majera" title="Majera">majera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maka_(langue_bantoue)" title="Maka (langue bantoue)">maka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makari" title="Makari">makari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malgbe" title="Malgbe">malgbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malimba_(langue)" title="Malimba (langue)">malimba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mambay_(langue)" title="Mambay (langue)">mambay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manguissa_(langue)" title="Manguissa (langue)">manguissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mankon_(langue)" title="Mankon (langue)">mankon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manta_(langue)" title="Manta (langue)">manta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manza" title="Manza">manza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslam" title="Maslam">maslam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massa_(langue)" title="Massa (langue)">massa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazagway" title="Mazagway">mazagway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbembe_tigon" title="Mbembe tigon">mbembe tigon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbo_(langue_du_Cameroun)" title="Mbo (langue du Cameroun)">mbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbo%27_(langue_des_Grassfields)" title="Mbo' (langue des Grassfields)">mbo'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbonga_(langue)" title="Mbonga (langue)">mboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbudum" title="Mbudum">mbudum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbuko_(langue)" title="Mbuko (langue)">mbuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbule_(langue)" title="Mbule (langue)">mbule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mefele" title="Mefele">mefele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendankwe-nkwen" title="Mendankwe-nkwen">mendankwe-nkwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengaka" title="Mengaka">mengaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengambo" title="Mengambo">mengambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menka_(langue)" title="Menka (langue)">menka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merey_(langue)" title="Merey (langue)">merey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesaka_(langue)" title="Mesaka (langue)">mesaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta%CA%BC" title="Metaʼ">metaʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mfumte_(langue)" title="Mfumte (langue)">mfumte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mina_(langue_du_Cameroun)" title="Mina (langue du Cameroun)">mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mmaala" title="Mmaala">mmaala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mmen_(langue)" title="Mmen (langue)">mmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mofu_du_Nord" title="Mofu du Nord">mofu du Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mofu-gudur_(langue)" title="Mofu-gudur (langue)">mofu-gudur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moghamo" title="Moghamo">moghamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moloko_(langue)" title="Moloko (langue)">moloko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mom_jango" title="Mom jango">mom jango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_(langue_adamaoua)" title="Mono (langue adamaoua)">mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moukt%C3%A9l%C3%A9_(langue)" title="Mouktélé (langue)">mouktélé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moundang_(langue)" title="Moundang (langue)">mundang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mousgoum_(langue)" title="Mousgoum (langue)">mousgoum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moussey_(langue)" title="Moussey (langue)">moussey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpiemo_(langue)" title="Mpiemo (langue)">mpiemo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpumpong" title="Mpumpong">mpumpong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mser" title="Mser">mser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundabli" title="Mundabli">mundabli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundani" title="Mundani">mundani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mungbam" title="Mungbam">mungbam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muyang_(langue)" title="Muyang (langue)">muyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naami" title="Naami">naami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagumi" title="Nagumi">nagumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naki_(langue)" title="Naki (langue)">naki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ncane" title="Ncane">ncane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndaktup" title="Ndaktup">ndaktup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nda%27nda%27" title="Nda'nda'">nda'nda'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndai" title="Ndai">ndai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndjem_(langue)" title="Ndjem (langue)">ndjem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndoola" title="Ndoola">ndoola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngambay" title="Ngambay">ngambay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngamambo" title="Ngamambo">ngamambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngie_(langue)" title="Ngie (langue)">ngie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngiemboon" title="Ngiemboon">ngiemboon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngomba" title="Ngomba">ngomba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngombale" title="Ngombale">ngombale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngoshie" title="Ngoshie">ngoshie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngwe" title="Ngwe">ngwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngwo_(langue)" title="Ngwo (langue)">ngwo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbari" title="Nimbari">nimbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njen_(langue)" title="Njen (langue)">njen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njerep" title="Njerep">njerep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkongho_(langue)" title="Nkongho (langue)">nkongho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomaande" title="Nomaande">nomaande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noone_(langue)" title="Noone (langue)">noone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ntumu_(langue)" title="Ntumu (langue)">ntumu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nufi" title="Nufi">nufi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nugunu" title="Nugunu">nugunu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nulibie" title="Nulibie">nulibie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyokon_(langue)" title="Nyokon (langue)">nyokon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyong_(langue)" title="Nyong (langue)">nyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nzakambay" title="Nzakambay">nzakambay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nzanyi" title="Nzanyi">nzanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblo_(langue)" title="Oblo (langue)">oblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oku_(langue)" title="Oku (langue)">oku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroko_(langue)" title="Oroko (langue)">oroko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osatu" title="Osatu">osatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ould%C3%A9m%C3%A9_(langue)" title="Ouldémé (langue)">ouldémé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paduko_(langue)" title="Paduko (langue)">paduko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pam_(langue)" title="Pam (langue)">pam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pana_(langue_mbum)" title="Pana (langue mbum)">pana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peere_(langue)" title="Peere (langue)">peere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9v%C3%A9" title="Pévé">pévé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinyin_(langue)" title="Pinyin (langue)">pinyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_(langue)" title="Pol (langue)">pol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongo_(langue)" title="Pongo (langue)">pongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psikye" title="Psikye">psikye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_leko" title="Samba leko">samba leko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sari_(langue)" title="Sari (langue)">sari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharwa" title="Sharwa">sharwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suga_(langue)" title="Suga (langue)">suga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swo" title="Swo">swo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibea" title="Tibea">tibea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_(langue)" title="To (langue)">to</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toupouri_(langue)" title="Toupouri (langue)">toupouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsuvan" title="Tsuvan">tsuvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuki_(langue)" title="Tuki (langue)">tuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunen" title="Tunen">tunen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuotomb" title="Tuotomb">tuotomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twendi" title="Twendi">twendi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usaghade" title="Usaghade">usaghade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vam%C3%A9_(langue)" title="Vamé (langue)">vame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vemgo-mabas" title="Vemgo-mabas">vemgo-mabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vute_(langue)" title="Vute (langue)">vute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wawa_(langue)" title="Wawa (langue)">wawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weh_(langue)" title="Weh (langue)">weh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wumboko" title="Wumboko">wumboko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wushi_(langue)" title="Wushi (langue)">wushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yabassi_(langue)" title="Yabassi (langue)">yabassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamba_(langue)" title="Yamba (langue)">yamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yambetta_(langue)" title="Yambetta (langue)">yambetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangben_(langue)" title="Yangben (langue)">yangben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yassa_(langue)" title="Yassa (langue)">yasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yebekolo_(langue)" title="Yebekolo (langue)">yebekolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemba" title="Yemba">yemba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeni_(langue)" title="Yeni (langue)">yeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukuben_(langue)" title="Yukuben (langue)">yukuben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoa_(langue)" title="Zhoa (langue)">zhoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zizilivakan" title="Zizilivakan">zizilivakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulgo_(langue)" title="Zulgo (langue)">zulgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zumaya" title="Zumaya">zumaya</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Langues" title="Portail des langues"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Iconoir_chat-bubble.svg/24px-Iconoir_chat-bubble.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Iconoir_chat-bubble.svg/36px-Iconoir_chat-bubble.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Iconoir_chat-bubble.svg/48px-Iconoir_chat-bubble.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="24" data-file-height="24" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Langues" title="Portail:Langues">Portail des langues</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Cameroun" title="Portail du Cameroun"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/50px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, 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