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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roads,_railways,_and_tunnels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads,_railways,_and_tunnels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Roads, railways, and tunnels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads,_railways,_and_tunnels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illustrations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illustrations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Illustrations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illustrations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gotthard Pass</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 44 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Gotthardpas" title="St. Gotthardpas – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="St. Gotthardpas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotthardpass" title="Gotthardpass – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Gotthardpass" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="غوتهارد باس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غوتهارد باس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sen-Qotard" title="Sen-Qotard – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sen-Qotard" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Сен Готард (проход) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сен Готард (проход)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pas_del_Sant_Gotard" title="Pas del Sant Gotard – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pas del Sant Gotard" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Gotthard_Pass" title="Saint Gotthard Pass – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Saint Gotthard Pass" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotthardsk%C3%BD_pr%C5%AFsmyk" title="Gotthardský průsmyk – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gotthardský průsmyk" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skt._Gotthard-passet" title="Skt. Gotthard-passet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Skt. Gotthard-passet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotthardpass" title="Gotthardpass – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gotthardpass" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankt_Gotthardi_kuru" title="Sankt Gotthardi kuru – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sankt Gotthardi kuru" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paso_de_San_Gotardo" title="Paso de San Gotardo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Paso de San Gotardo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankt-Gotardo_(montpasejo)" title="Sankt-Gotardo (montpasejo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sankt-Gotardo (montpasejo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Gotardo_pasabidea" title="San Gotardo pasabidea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="San Gotardo pasabidea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Col_du_Saint-Gothard" title="Col du Saint-Gothard – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Col du Saint-Gothard" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paso_de_San_Gotardo" title="Paso de San Gotardo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Paso de San Gotardo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%ED%8A%B8%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EA%B3%A0%EA%B0%9C" title="고트하르트 고개 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고트하르트 고개" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%B6_%D4%B3%D5%B8%D5%A9%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4" title="Սեն Գոթարդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սեն Գոթարդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Gothard" title="St. Gothard – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="St. Gothard" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passo_del_San_Gottardo" title="Passo del San Gottardo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Passo del San Gottardo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%98_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%98%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93" title="מעבר סנקט גוטהארד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מעבר סנקט גוטהארד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C-%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სენ-გოტარდის უღელტეხილი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სენ-გოტარდის უღელტეხილი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mons_Sancti_Gothardi" title="Mons Sancti Gothardi – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mons Sancti Gothardi" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sen_Gotardo_per%C4%97ja" title="Sen Gotardo perėja – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sen Gotardo perėja" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pass_de_San_Gotard" title="Pass de San Gotard – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pass de San Gotard" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szent_Gotth%C3%A1rd-h%C3%A1g%C3%B3" title="Szent Gotthárd-hágó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szent Gotthárd-hágó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotthardpas" title="Gotthardpas – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gotthardpas" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B4%E3%83%83%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E5%B3%A0" title="ゴッタルド峠 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゴッタルド峠" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankt_Gotthard-passet" title="Sankt Gotthard-passet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sankt Gotthard-passet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankt_Gotthard-passet" title="Sankt Gotthard-passet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sankt Gotthard-passet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prze%C5%82%C4%99cz_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tego_Gotarda" title="Przełęcz Świętego Gotarda – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przełęcz Świętego Gotarda" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passo_de_S%C3%A3o_Gotardo" title="Passo de São Gotardo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Passo de São Gotardo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasul_Sankt_Gotthard" title="Pasul Sankt Gotthard – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pasul Sankt Gotthard" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pass_dal_Son_Gottard" title="Pass dal Son Gottard – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Pass dal Son Gottard" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD-%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Сен-Готард – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сен-Готард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sen_Gotard" title="Sen Gotard – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sen Gotard" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotthard_(prelaz)" title="Gotthard (prelaz) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Gotthard (prelaz)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankt_Gotthard_(prijevoj)" title="Sankt Gotthard (prijevoj) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sankt Gotthard (prijevoj)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankt_Gotthardin_sola" title="Sankt Gotthardin sola – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sankt Gotthardin sola" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankt_Gotthardpasset" title="Sankt Gotthardpasset – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sankt Gotthardpasset" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%97" title="ช่องเขาก็อทฮาร์ท – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ช่องเขาก็อทฮาร์ท" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotthard_Ge%C3%A7idi" title="Gotthard Geçidi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gotthard Geçidi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_(%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB)" title="Готтард (перевал) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Готтард (перевал)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%93%A5%E9%81%94%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A3" title="聖哥達山口 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="聖哥達山口" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gotthard_Pass&params=46_33_22.5_N_8_34_04_E_type:pass_region:CH_scale:50000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°33′22.5″N</span> <span class="longitude">8°34′04″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.556250°N 8.56778°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.556250; 8.56778</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mountain pass through the Swiss Alps</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:24.5em; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Gotthard Pass</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Passo del San Gottardo</i><br /><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Gotthardpass</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gotthardpass_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gotthardpass_2008.jpg/280px-Gotthardpass_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gotthardpass_2008.jpg/420px-Gotthardpass_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gotthardpass_2008.jpg/560px-Gotthardpass_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The area of the Gotthard Pass from the west</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Summit_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Summit (topography)">Elevation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2,106 m (6,909 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Traversed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>National Road 2</li><li>Old paved road (<a href="/wiki/Tremola_San_Gottardo" title="Tremola San Gottardo">Tremola</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Rail_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotthard Rail Tunnel">Gotthard Rail Tunnel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Road_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Road Tunnel">Gotthard Road Tunnel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Base_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Base Tunnel">Gotthard Base Tunnel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Ticino" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Ticino">Canton of Ticino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a><br />(close to <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Uri" title="Canton of Uri">canton of Uri</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_range" title="Mountain range">Range</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Lepontine_Alps" title="Lepontine Alps">Lepontine Alps</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gotthard_Pass&params=46_33_22.5_N_8_34_04_E_type:pass_region:CH_scale:50000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°33′22.5″N</span> <span class="longitude">8°34′04″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.556250°N 8.56778°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.556250; 8.56778</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Topographic_map" title="Topographic map">Topo map</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Swiss Federal Office of Topography <a href="/wiki/Swisstopo" title="Swisstopo">swisstopo</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:272px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:272px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:272px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gotthard Pass is located in Switzerland"><img alt="Gotthard Pass is located in Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg/272px-Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg/408px-Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg/544px-Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1349" data-file-height="865" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:62.5%;left:56.485%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gotthard Pass"><img alt="Gotthard Pass" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Switzerland <br /> (see <a href="/wiki/File:Gotthardbahn_map.png" title="File:Gotthardbahn map.png">detailed map</a>)</div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Gotthard Pass</b> or <b>St. Gotthard Pass</b> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Passo del San Gottardo</i>; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Gotthardpass</i>) at 2,106 m (6,909 ft) is a <a href="/wiki/Mountain_pass" title="Mountain pass">mountain pass</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> traversing the <a href="/wiki/Saint-Gotthard_Massif" title="Saint-Gotthard Massif">Saint-Gotthard Massif</a> and connecting northern Switzerland with southern <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>. The pass lies between <a href="/wiki/Airolo" title="Airolo">Airolo</a> in the Italian-speaking <a href="/wiki/Ticino" title="Ticino">canton of Ticino</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Andermatt" title="Andermatt">Andermatt</a> in the German-speaking <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Uri" title="Canton of Uri">canton of Uri</a>, and connects further <a href="/wiki/Bellinzona" title="Bellinzona">Bellinzona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lugano" title="Lugano">Lugano</a> to <a href="/wiki/Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>. The Gotthard Pass lies at the heart of the <b>Gotthard</b>, a major transport axis of Europe, and it is crossed by three traffic tunnels, each being the world's longest at the time of their construction: the <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Rail_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotthard Rail Tunnel">Gotthard Rail Tunnel</a> (1882), the <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Road_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Road Tunnel">Gotthard Road Tunnel</a> (1980) and the <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Base_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Base Tunnel">Gotthard Base Tunnel</a> (2016). With the <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6tschberg" title="Lötschberg">Lötschberg</a> to the west, the Gotthard is one of the two main north-south routes through the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Alps" title="Swiss Alps">Swiss Alps</a>. </p><p>Since the Middle Ages, transit across the Gotthard played an important role in Swiss history, the region north of the Gotthard becoming the nucleus of the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Confederacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss Confederacy">Swiss Confederacy</a> in the 13th century, after the pass became a vital trade route between Northern and Southern Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gotthard is sometimes referred to as the "King of Mountain Passes" because of its central and strategic location.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:97px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1231_Urseren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/1231_Urseren.jpg/142px-1231_Urseren.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/1231_Urseren.jpg/213px-1231_Urseren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/1231_Urseren.jpg/284px-1231_Urseren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="14000" data-file-height="9600" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:97px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1232_Oberalppass.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/1232_Oberalppass.jpg/142px-1232_Oberalppass.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/1232_Oberalppass.jpg/213px-1232_Oberalppass.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/1232_Oberalppass.jpg/284px-1232_Oberalppass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="14000" data-file-height="9600" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:97px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1251_Val_Bedretto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/1251_Val_Bedretto.jpg/142px-1251_Val_Bedretto.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/1251_Val_Bedretto.jpg/213px-1251_Val_Bedretto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/1251_Val_Bedretto.jpg/284px-1251_Val_Bedretto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="14000" data-file-height="9600" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:97px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1252_Ambr%C3%AC-Piotta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/1252_Ambr%C3%AC-Piotta.jpg/142px-1252_Ambr%C3%AC-Piotta.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/1252_Ambr%C3%AC-Piotta.jpg/213px-1252_Ambr%C3%AC-Piotta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/1252_Ambr%C3%AC-Piotta.jpg/284px-1252_Ambr%C3%AC-Piotta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="14000" data-file-height="9600" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">The region of the Gotthard Pass on the 1:25'000 <a href="/wiki/Swiss_National_Map" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss National Map">Swiss National Map</a></div></div></div></div> <p>The Gotthard Pass lies on the main watershed of the Gotthard massif, a massif lying at the heart of the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Alps" title="Swiss Alps">Swiss Alps</a>, between the cantons of <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Valais" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Valais">Valais</a>, Ticino, <a href="/wiki/Grisons" title="Grisons">Grisons</a> and Uri. The pass itself is the lowest point between the summits of <a href="/wiki/Pizzo_Lucendro" title="Pizzo Lucendro">Pizzo Lucendro</a> (west) and <a href="/wiki/Pizzo_Centrale" title="Pizzo Centrale">Pizzo Centrale</a> (east). It connects the cantons of Uri (north) and Ticino (south), its summit (2,106 metres (6,909 ft), indicated by a road sign) being located in the latter canton, about 2 km south of the border with Uri. The valleys connected by the pass are that of the river <a href="/wiki/Reuss_(river)" title="Reuss (river)">Reuss</a>, named the <i><a href="/wiki/Urseren" title="Urseren">Urseren</a></i>, and that of the river <a href="/wiki/Ticino_(river)" title="Ticino (river)">Ticino</a>, named <i><a href="/wiki/Valle_Leventina" class="mw-redirect" title="Valle Leventina">Valle Leventina</a></i>. The Gotthard axis is the most important route between <a href="/wiki/Central_Switzerland" title="Central Switzerland">Central Switzerland</a> as well as most of the northern part of the country and the southern region of Ticino. It is the most direct link between <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lugano" title="Lugano">Lugano</a> and also between some regions of northern Europe and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Blue_Banana" title="Blue Banana">Rotterdam-Basel-Genoa axis</a>). </p><p>The nearest towns are <a href="/wiki/Hospental" title="Hospental">Hospental</a> (7 km north) near Andermatt and <a href="/wiki/Airolo" title="Airolo">Airolo</a> (4 km south), respectively in the valleys of <a href="/wiki/Urseren" title="Urseren">Urseren</a> and <a href="/wiki/Valle_Leventina" class="mw-redirect" title="Valle Leventina">Leventina</a>. The region of Andermatt lies at the foot of the <a href="/wiki/Furka_Pass" title="Furka Pass">Furka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oberalp_Pass" title="Oberalp Pass">Oberalp Passes</a> connecting the <a href="/wiki/Rhone" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhone">Rhone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> Valleys thus making the Gotthard area a strategic place for transports and military (the <a href="/wiki/National_Redoubt_(Switzerland)" title="National Redoubt (Switzerland)">Swiss Réduit</a> for instance). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gotthardpass_2015-09-21_16.02.05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gotthardpass_2015-09-21_16.02.05.jpg/220px-Gotthardpass_2015-09-21_16.02.05.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gotthardpass_2015-09-21_16.02.05.jpg/330px-Gotthardpass_2015-09-21_16.02.05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gotthardpass_2015-09-21_16.02.05.jpg/440px-Gotthardpass_2015-09-21_16.02.05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="2862" /></a><figcaption>Lago della Piazza and Hospice area</figcaption></figure> <p>Just southeast of the culminating point of the Gotthard Pass, at an elevation of about 2,090 metres above sea level, are several lakes. The largest is named <i>Lago della Piazza</i> and has a surface of 3.94 hectares. South of Lago della Piazza are the Hospice (Italian: Ospizio) and National Museum, as well as a hotel and restaurants. Another official road sign displaying an elevation of 2,091 metres (6,860 ft) lies there. </p><p>A few kilometres away and slightly above the Gotthard Pass are found two large dams and artificial lakes: <a href="/wiki/Lago_di_Lucendro" title="Lago di Lucendro">Lago di Lucendro</a> at the foot of Pizzo Lucendro and <a href="/wiki/Lago_della_Sella" title="Lago della Sella">Lago della Sella</a> at the foot of Pizzo Centrale. They are respectively part of the Reuss and Ticino basin, although both are located within the canton of Ticino. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%B6llenen_Gorge#History" title="Schöllenen Gorge">Schöllenen Gorge § History</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gotthard_S%C3%A4umerkolonne_Winter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Gotthard_S%C3%A4umerkolonne_Winter.jpg/220px-Gotthard_S%C3%A4umerkolonne_Winter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Gotthard_S%C3%A4umerkolonne_Winter.jpg/330px-Gotthard_S%C3%A4umerkolonne_Winter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Gotthard_S%C3%A4umerkolonne_Winter.jpg/440px-Gotthard_S%C3%A4umerkolonne_Winter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1467" data-file-height="1366" /></a><figcaption>Muleteers at the Gotthard</figcaption></figure> <p>Though the pass was locally known in antiquity, it was not generally used until the early 13th century because travel involved fording the turbulent <a href="/wiki/Reuss_(river)" title="Reuss (river)">Reuss</a>, swollen with snowmelt during the early summer, in the narrow steep-sided <a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%B6llenen_Gorge" title="Schöllenen Gorge">Schöllenen Gorge</a>, below <a href="/wiki/Andermatt" title="Andermatt">Andermatt</a>. </p><p>The first wooden bridge across Schöllenen Gorge was built around 1220, and in the following years the pass rapidly gained in importance. </p><p>The bridge permitted traffic to follow the Reuss to its headwaters and over the saddle at the top—a <a href="/wiki/Continental_divide" title="Continental divide">continental divide</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a>, which flows into the North Sea, and the river <a href="/wiki/Ticino_(river)" title="Ticino (river)">Ticino</a> towards <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>, which after leaving Switzerland flows into the <a href="/wiki/Po_(river)" title="Po (river)">Po</a> and ultimately into the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a>. </p><p>The Gotthard Pass was formerly known as Monte Tremolo (its southern slope is still known as <i>Val Tremola</i>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A chapel dedicated to Saint <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_of_Hildesheim" title="Gotthard of Hildesheim">Gotthard of Hildesheim</a> (died in 1038, canonized 1131), who was considered the patron saint of mountain passes, was built on the southern slope of the pass and consecrated by the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Milan" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Milan">archbishop of Milan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enrico_da_Settala" title="Enrico da Settala">Enrico da Settala</a>, in 1230.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pass soon became known after the saint, by as early as 1236. </p><p>The opening of the Schöllenen Gorge for traffic was an important factor in the original <a href="/wiki/Formation_of_the_Old_Swiss_Confederacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Formation of the Old Swiss Confederacy">Swiss Confederacy</a>. The three regions of Uri, <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schwyz" title="Canton of Schwyz">Schwyz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Unterwalden" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Unterwalden">Unterwalden</a> (the <i><a href="/wiki/Federal_Charter_of_1291" title="Federal Charter of 1291">Waldstätten</a></i> or "forest communities") gained <a href="/wiki/Reichsfreiheit" class="mw-redirect" title="Reichsfreiheit">imperial immediacy</a> under the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Hohenstaufen" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Hohenstaufen">Hohenstaufen</a> emperors still in the first half of the 13th century. An important aspect of the early confederacy, expressed in the <i><a href="/wiki/Pfaffenbrief" title="Pfaffenbrief">Pfaffenbrief</a></i> of 1370, was the guarantee of peace along the road from Zürich to the Gotthard Pass. </p><p>The Swiss also had an interest in extending their influence south of the Alps to secure the trade route across the pass to <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>. Beginning in 1331, they initially exerted their influence through peaceful trade agreements, but in the 15th century, their involvement <a href="/wiki/Transalpine_campaigns_of_the_Old_Swiss_Confederacy" title="Transalpine campaigns of the Old Swiss Confederacy">turned military</a>. 1403 the upper Leventina, as the valley south of the pass is called, became a protectorate of Uri. Throughout the 15th century, a changeful struggle between the Swiss and the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Duchy of Milan</a> ensued, resulting ultimately in the Swiss conquest of the territory of the <a href="/wiki/Ticino" title="Ticino">Ticino</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ETH-BIB-Gotthard-Hospitz,_Passh%C3%B6he-Inlandfl%C3%BCge-LBS_MH01-006175.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/ETH-BIB-Gotthard-Hospitz%2C_Passh%C3%B6he-Inlandfl%C3%BCge-LBS_MH01-006175.tif/lossy-page1-220px-ETH-BIB-Gotthard-Hospitz%2C_Passh%C3%B6he-Inlandfl%C3%BCge-LBS_MH01-006175.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/ETH-BIB-Gotthard-Hospitz%2C_Passh%C3%B6he-Inlandfl%C3%BCge-LBS_MH01-006175.tif/lossy-page1-330px-ETH-BIB-Gotthard-Hospitz%2C_Passh%C3%B6he-Inlandfl%C3%BCge-LBS_MH01-006175.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/ETH-BIB-Gotthard-Hospitz%2C_Passh%C3%B6he-Inlandfl%C3%BCge-LBS_MH01-006175.tif/lossy-page1-440px-ETH-BIB-Gotthard-Hospitz%2C_Passh%C3%B6he-Inlandfl%C3%BCge-LBS_MH01-006175.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6687" data-file-height="4737" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mittelholzer" title="Walter Mittelholzer">Walter Mittelholzer</a> (1931)</figcaption></figure> <p>The "<a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Devil's bridge">Devil's Bridge</a>" (<i><a href="/wiki/Teufelsbr%C3%BCcke" class="mw-redirect" title="Teufelsbrücke">Teufelsbrücke</a></i>) legend associated with the crossing of the Schöllenen Gorge is not medieval; it may date to the 16th century (attestation of the name <i>Teiffels Brucken</i> in 1587) but more likely formed in the 17th century, and is first recorded in the early 18th century, by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Jakob_Scheuchzer" title="Johann Jakob Scheuchzer">Johann Jakob Scheuchzer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A new road, including a tunnel with a length of c. 60 m, was built in 1707/8. The tunnel, known as <i>Urnerloch</i>, was the first road tunnel to be built in the Alps. It was constructed by Pietro Morettini (1660–1737). </p><p>The path across Schöllenen Gorge, and thus across the pass, still carried only foot traffic and <a href="/wiki/Pack_animal" title="Pack animal">pack animals</a> until 1775,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> when the first <a href="/wiki/Carriage" title="Carriage">carriage</a> made the journey on an improved road.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gotthard_Pass" title="Battle of Gotthard Pass">Battle of Gotthard Pass</a> took place on 24 September 1799. </p><p>The new Gotthard road was built in 1830,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> wide enough to allow (single-lane) motorized traffic. It is said<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (February 2019)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> that the first car traversed the pass in 1895. The first reported<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)"><span title="The geographic scope near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2019)">where?</span></a></i>]</sup> surmounting of the pass in 1901 still took more than a day. </p><p>With the <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Road_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Road Tunnel">Gotthard Road Tunnel</a> (opened in 1980) the pass itself was again reduced to limited importance for traffic. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="title"><div>Crossing the Gotthard</div></div><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andermatt-Teufelsbruecke.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The modern concrete span of the third Devil's Bridge (Teufelsbrücke, built 1958) showing an older bridge (built 1830) below"><img alt="The modern concrete span of the third Devil's Bridge (Teufelsbrücke, built 1958) showing an older bridge (built 1830) below" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Andermatt-Teufelsbruecke.jpg/180px-Andermatt-Teufelsbruecke.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Andermatt-Teufelsbruecke.jpg/270px-Andermatt-Teufelsbruecke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Andermatt-Teufelsbruecke.jpg/360px-Andermatt-Teufelsbruecke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The modern concrete span of the third Devil's Bridge (<i><a href="/wiki/Teufelsbr%C3%BCcke" class="mw-redirect" title="Teufelsbrücke">Teufelsbrücke</a></i>, built 1958) showing an older bridge (built 1830) below</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gotthardpost_2011c.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Gotthard Post near the summit"><img alt="Gotthard Post near the summit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Gotthardpost_2011c.JPG/180px-Gotthardpost_2011c.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Gotthardpost_2011c.JPG/270px-Gotthardpost_2011c.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Gotthardpost_2011c.JPG/360px-Gotthardpost_2011c.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1469" data-file-height="993" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gotthard Post near the summit</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gotthardpass_alte_Strasse.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Old road: summit of the Gotthard"><img alt="Old road: summit of the Gotthard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gotthardpass_alte_Strasse.JPG/180px-Gotthardpass_alte_Strasse.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gotthardpass_alte_Strasse.JPG/270px-Gotthardpass_alte_Strasse.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gotthardpass_alte_Strasse.JPG/360px-Gotthardpass_alte_Strasse.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Old road: summit of the Gotthard</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Altes_Hospiz_am_Gotthardpass_nach_dem_Umbau_durch_Miller_%26_Maranta_Architekten_2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Gotthard Hospice"><img alt="Gotthard Hospice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Altes_Hospiz_am_Gotthardpass_nach_dem_Umbau_durch_Miller_%26_Maranta_Architekten_2012.JPG/135px-Altes_Hospiz_am_Gotthardpass_nach_dem_Umbau_durch_Miller_%26_Maranta_Architekten_2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Altes_Hospiz_am_Gotthardpass_nach_dem_Umbau_durch_Miller_%26_Maranta_Architekten_2012.JPG/202px-Altes_Hospiz_am_Gotthardpass_nach_dem_Umbau_durch_Miller_%26_Maranta_Architekten_2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Altes_Hospiz_am_Gotthardpass_nach_dem_Umbau_durch_Miller_%26_Maranta_Architekten_2012.JPG/270px-Altes_Hospiz_am_Gotthardpass_nach_dem_Umbau_durch_Miller_%26_Maranta_Architekten_2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gotthard Hospice</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gotthard_Tremola01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tremola road"><img alt="Tremola road" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Gotthard_Tremola01.JPG/180px-Gotthard_Tremola01.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Gotthard_Tremola01.JPG/270px-Gotthard_Tremola01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Gotthard_Tremola01.JPG/360px-Gotthard_Tremola01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tremola_San_Gottardo" title="Tremola San Gottardo">Tremola road</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tremola-san-gottardo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tremola valley"><img alt="Tremola valley" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Tremola-san-gottardo.jpg/180px-Tremola-san-gottardo.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Tremola-san-gottardo.jpg/270px-Tremola-san-gottardo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Tremola-san-gottardo.jpg/360px-Tremola-san-gottardo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1317" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tremola valley</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Roads,_railways,_and_tunnels"><span id="Roads.2C_railways.2C_and_tunnels"></span>Roads, railways, and tunnels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Roads, railways, and tunnels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Airolo_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Airolo_1.jpg/250px-Airolo_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Airolo_1.jpg/375px-Airolo_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Airolo_1.jpg/500px-Airolo_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>The National Road 2 descending to Airolo</figcaption></figure> <p>In addition to the National Road 2, crossing the pass and connecting <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6schenen" title="Göschenen">Göschenen</a> with <a href="/wiki/Airolo" title="Airolo">Airolo</a>, several tunnels provide access through the massif. The first one, the 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Rail_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotthard Rail Tunnel">Gotthard Rail Tunnel</a>, opened in 1882 for railway traffic at a cost of around 200 workers' lives (there is uncertainty as to the exact toll).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second one, the 17 kilometres (11 mi) <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Road_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Road Tunnel">Gotthard Road Tunnel</a> (a motorway tunnel), opened in 1980. It was closed for two months in 2001 following a fatal fire. Both railway and motorway tunnels have portals in Göschenen and Airolo, at around 1,150 metres above sea level, and are close to each other. Either rail and road traffics through these tunnels are sometimes shut down during harsh weather conditions, particularly in winter. </p><p>The last tunnel, the 57 kilometres (35 mi) <a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Base_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Base Tunnel">Gotthard Base Tunnel</a> (a double-tube railway tunnel), opened in 2016. At around 500 metres above sea level, it provides for the first time a flat route through the massif and the Alps from the northern plains at <a href="/wiki/Erstfeld" title="Erstfeld">Erstfeld</a> to the southern plains at <a href="/wiki/Bodio" title="Bodio">Bodio</a>. It is the longest and deepest railway tunnel in the world. This tunnel, combined with two shorter tunnels planned near <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lugano" title="Lugano">Lugano</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/NRLA" title="NRLA">NRLA</a> project, reduced the 3 hour 40 min rail journey from <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> to <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> by one hour, while increasing the size and number of trains that can operate along the route because the line is nearly level, compared with the spirals of the older tunnel. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"> <caption>Transit across the Gotthard </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Route </th> <th>Type </th> <th>Major tunnel </th> <th>Since </th> <th>Maximum height </th> <th>Remarks </th></tr> <tr> <td>Pass </td> <td>Bridle path </td> <td>- </td> <td>13th century </td> <td>2,106 m </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pass (Tremola) </td> <td>Paved road </td> <td>- </td> <td>1830 </td> <td>2,106 m </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotthard Railway">Gotthard Railway (summit line)</a> </td> <td>Railway </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Tunnel">Gotthard Tunnel</a> </td> <td>1882 </td> <td>1,151 m </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_railways_in_Switzerland" title="List of mountain railways in Switzerland">Second highest conventional railway in Switzerland</a>, car shuttle train services from 1924 until 1980, <a href="/wiki/List_of_long_tunnels_by_type" title="List of long tunnels by type">world's longest tunnel</a> until 1906<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pass (National Road 2) </td> <td>Highway </td> <td>- </td> <td>1977 </td> <td>2,106 m </td> <td>Closed to motorized traffic in winter from 1980 onwards </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/A2_motorway_(Switzerland)" title="A2 motorway (Switzerland)">A2</a> </td> <td>Motorway </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Road_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Road Tunnel">Gotthard Road Tunnel</a> </td> <td>1980 </td> <td>1,175 m </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest_paved_roads_in_Switzerland" title="List of highest paved roads in Switzerland">Second highest motorway in Switzerland</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lowest direct north-south road through the Alps, <a href="/wiki/List_of_long_tunnels_by_type" title="List of long tunnels by type">world's longest road tunnel</a> until 2000<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotthard Railway">Gotthard Railway (base line)</a> </td> <td>High-speed railway </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gotthard_Base_Tunnel" title="Gotthard Base Tunnel">Gotthard Base Tunnel</a> </td> <td>2016 </td> <td>549 m </td> <td>First flat route through the Alps, <a href="/wiki/List_of_long_tunnels_by_type" title="List of long tunnels by type">world's longest and deepest railway tunnel</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Illustrations">Illustrations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Illustrations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of international artists have been inspired by the dramatic scenery of the Gotthard Pass, the Schöllenen Gorge and the Teufelsbrücke. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rudolf_Koller_-_Die_Gotthardpost_(1874).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Gotthard Post (oil on canvas by Rudolf Koller, 1874)"><img alt="The Gotthard Post (oil on canvas by Rudolf Koller, 1874)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Rudolf_Koller_-_Die_Gotthardpost_%281874%29.jpg/153px-Rudolf_Koller_-_Die_Gotthardpost_%281874%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="153" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Rudolf_Koller_-_Die_Gotthardpost_%281874%29.jpg/229px-Rudolf_Koller_-_Die_Gotthardpost_%281874%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Rudolf_Koller_-_Die_Gotthardpost_%281874%29.jpg/305px-Rudolf_Koller_-_Die_Gotthardpost_%281874%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2969" data-file-height="3500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Gotthard Post</i> (oil on canvas by <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Koller" title="Rudolf Koller">Rudolf Koller</a>, 1874)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gotthard_Winterreise.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Winterreise 1790 über den Gotthard (colored engraving by Wilhelm Rothe according drawing by Johann Gottfried Jentzsch, 1790)"><img alt="Winterreise 1790 über den Gotthard (colored engraving by Wilhelm Rothe according drawing by Johann Gottfried Jentzsch, 1790)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gotthard_Winterreise.jpg/180px-Gotthard_Winterreise.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gotthard_Winterreise.jpg/270px-Gotthard_Winterreise.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gotthard_Winterreise.jpg/360px-Gotthard_Winterreise.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2219" data-file-height="1488" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Winterreise 1790 über den Gotthard</i> (colored engraving by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Rothe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Rothe (page does not exist)">Wilhelm Rothe</a> according drawing by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_Gottfried_Jentzsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Gottfried Jentzsch (page does not exist)">Johann Gottfried Jentzsch</a>, 1790)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carl_Blechen_-_Bau_der_Teufelsbr%C3%BCcke_(1833).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Construction of the Devil's Bridge (oil on canvas by Carl Blechen, c. 1833)"><img alt="Construction of the Devil's Bridge (oil on canvas by Carl Blechen, c. 1833)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Carl_Blechen_-_Bau_der_Teufelsbr%C3%BCcke_%281833%29.jpg/180px-Carl_Blechen_-_Bau_der_Teufelsbr%C3%BCcke_%281833%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Carl_Blechen_-_Bau_der_Teufelsbr%C3%BCcke_%281833%29.jpg/270px-Carl_Blechen_-_Bau_der_Teufelsbr%C3%BCcke_%281833%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Carl_Blechen_-_Bau_der_Teufelsbr%C3%BCcke_%281833%29.jpg/360px-Carl_Blechen_-_Bau_der_Teufelsbr%C3%BCcke_%281833%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1406" data-file-height="1028" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Construction of the Devil's Bridge</i> (oil on canvas by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Blechen" title="Carl Blechen">Carl Blechen</a>, c. 1833)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner_028.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Teufelsbrücke, St. Gotthard (oil on canvas by J. M. W. Turner c. 1803/04)"><img alt="The Teufelsbrücke, St. Gotthard (oil on canvas by J. M. W. Turner c. 1803/04)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner_028.jpg/141px-Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner_028.jpg" decoding="async" width="141" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner_028.jpg/211px-Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner_028.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner_028.jpg/281px-Joseph_Mallord_William_Turner_028.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="3246" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Teufelsbrücke, St. Gotthard</i> (oil on canvas by <a href="/wiki/J._M._W._Turner" title="J. M. W. Turner">J. M. W. Turner</a> c. 1803/04)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sen-Gotard_by_Suvorov_troops_in_1799.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov Crossing St. Gotthard Pass in 1799 (by Alexander von Kotzebue)"><img alt="Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov Crossing St. Gotthard Pass in 1799 (by Alexander von Kotzebue)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Sen-Gotard_by_Suvorov_troops_in_1799.jpg/180px-Sen-Gotard_by_Suvorov_troops_in_1799.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Sen-Gotard_by_Suvorov_troops_in_1799.jpg/270px-Sen-Gotard_by_Suvorov_troops_in_1799.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Sen-Gotard_by_Suvorov_troops_in_1799.jpg/360px-Sen-Gotard_by_Suvorov_troops_in_1799.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1394" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Field Marshal <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Suvorov" title="Alexander Suvorov">Alexander Suvorov</a> Crossing St. Gotthard Pass in 1799</i> (by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Kotzebue" title="Alexander von Kotzebue">Alexander von Kotzebue</a>)</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gotthard Pass is prominent in the historical <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">manga</a> series <i><a href="/wiki/Wolfsmund" title="Wolfsmund">Wolfsmund</a></i> by Mitsuhisa Kuji.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pal%C3%BC_en_Diavolezza.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Pal%C3%BC_en_Diavolezza.jpg/32px-Pal%C3%BC_en_Diavolezza.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Pal%C3%BC_en_Diavolezza.jpg/48px-Pal%C3%BC_en_Diavolezza.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Pal%C3%BC_en_Diavolezza.jpg/64px-Pal%C3%BC_en_Diavolezza.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Alps" title="Portal:Alps">Alps portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest_paved_roads_in_Europe" title="List of highest paved roads in Europe">List of highest paved roads in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_passes#Europe" title="List of mountain passes">List of mountain passes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_highest_Swiss_passes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of the highest Swiss passes">List of the highest Swiss passes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tremola_San_Gottardo" title="Tremola San Gottardo">Tremola San Gottardo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Clausewitz, Carl von (2020). <i>Napoleon Absent, Coalition Ascendant: The 1799 Campaign in Italy and Switzerland, Volume 1.</i> Trans and ed. Nicholas Murray and Christopher Pringle. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-3025-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-3025-7">978-0-7006-3025-7</a>.</li> <li>Clausewitz, Carl von (2021). <i>The Coalition Crumbles, Napoleon Returns: The 1799 Campaign in Italy and Switzerland, Volume 2.</i> Trans and ed. Nicholas Murray and Christopher Pringle. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-3034-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-3034-9">978-0-7006-3034-9</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Pfund" title="Nicola Pfund">Nicola Pfund</a>, <i>Sui passi in bicicletta - Swiss Alpine passes by bicycle</i>, Fontana Edizioni, 2012, p. 78-87. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-8191-281-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-8191-281-0">978-88-8191-281-0</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnna_Roos2017" class="citation book cs1">Anna Roos (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qQDEDgAAQBAJ"><i>Swiss Sensibility: The Culture of Architecture in Switzerland</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Birkh%C3%A4user" title="Birkhäuser">Birkhäuser</a>. p. 6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783035609226" title="Special:BookSources/9783035609226"><bdi>9783035609226</bdi></a>. <q>For thousands of years the Gotthard Pass has been an important threshold between north and south Europe and for many centuries has played a significant role in the economy and culture of central Switzerland. Since the early thirteenth century, the pass has been a vital trade route connecting different cultures and language regions.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Swiss+Sensibility%3A+The+Culture+of+Architecture+in+Switzerland&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Birkh%C3%A4user&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9783035609226&rft.au=Anna+Roos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqQDEDgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGotthard+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.postauto.ch/en/excursion-tips/gotthard-pass-route">"Gotthard Pass Route: Airolo–San Gottardo–Andermatt"</a>. <i>postauto.ch</i>. <a href="/wiki/PostBus_Switzerland" title="PostBus Switzerland">PostBus Switzerland</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2022</span>. <q>The Gotthard, also known as the "King of Mountain Passes", is reached via the extraordinary mountain road with views of the old Tremola route.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=postauto.ch&rft.atitle=Gotthard+Pass+Route%3A+Airolo%E2%80%93San+Gottardo%E2%80%93Andermatt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.postauto.ch%2Fen%2Fexcursion-tips%2Fgotthard-pass-route&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGotthard+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRadaelliThurn2019" class="citation book cs1">Radaelli, Giulia; Thurn, Nike (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=si2dDwAAQBAJ"><i>Gegenwartsliteratur - Weltliteratur: Historische und theoretische Perspektiven</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Bielefeld" title="Bielefeld">Bielefeld</a>: Transcript Verlag. p. 251. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783839433652" title="Special:BookSources/9783839433652"><bdi>9783839433652</bdi></a>. <q>...zwischen 1218 und 1231 ansetzen könne, und just in jenen Interdezennien sei ja die Schöllenen bezwungen worden, die Teufelsbrücke gebaut und der König der Pässe, das royale Zentralalpenmassiv, dem Transitverkehr erschlossen worden...</q> [...could start between 1218 and 1231, and it was precisely in those interdecades that the Schöllenen was conquered, the Teufelsbrücke was built and the king of passes, the royal massif in the central Alps, was opened up to transit traffic...]</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gegenwartsliteratur+-+Weltliteratur%3A+Historische+und+theoretische+Perspektiven&rft.place=Bielefeld&rft.pages=251&rft.pub=Transcript+Verlag&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9783839433652&rft.aulast=Radaelli&rft.aufirst=Giulia&rft.au=Thurn%2C+Nike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsi2dDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGotthard+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruno Meier, <i>Von Morgarten bis Marignano</i> (2015), p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lauf-Belart, <i>Gotthardpass</i> (1924), 165f.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Hans-Peter Bärtschi: <i>Gotthardbahn</i> in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D42006.php"><span title="Gotthardbahn in German">German</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F42006.php"><span title="Gotthardbahn in French">French</span></a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/i/I42006.php"><span title="Gotthardbahn in Italian">Italian</span></a> in the online <i><a href="/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></i>, 29 July 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Until the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Simplon_Tunnel" title="Simplon Tunnel">Simplon Tunnel</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">After the <a href="/wiki/San_Bernardino_Tunnel" title="San Bernardino Tunnel">San Bernardino Tunnel</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Until the opening of the <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A6rdal_Tunnel" title="Lærdal Tunnel">Lærdal Tunnel</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRebecca_Silverman2013" class="citation web cs1">Rebecca Silverman (September 7, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/review/wolfsmund/gn-1">"Wolfsmund GN 1"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Anime_News_Network" title="Anime News Network">Anime News Network</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Anime+News+Network&rft.atitle=Wolfsmund+GN+1&rft.date=2013-09-07&rft.au=Rebecca+Silverman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.animenewsnetwork.com%2Freview%2Fwolfsmund%2Fgn-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGotthard+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gotthard_pass" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gotthard pass">Gotthard pass</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cycling-challenge.com/passo-san-gottardo-st-gotthard-pass-both-sides/">Cycling Elevation profiles for both sides on the old road</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924073110/http://www.pictures-switzerland.com/gotthard/">Free Pictures St. Gotthard Pass</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://switzerland.isyours.com/e/guide/zentral_schweiz/gotthard.html">The Gotthard, Switzerland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alpentourer.com/alpine_passes/gotthard_region/st_gotthardpass/st_gotthardpass.html">Sankt Gotthard Pass</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402094224/http://www.alpentourer.com/alpine_passes/gotthard_region/st_gotthardpass/st_gotthardpass.html">Archived</a> 2015-04-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (in English)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoolidge1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/W._A._B._Coolidge" title="W. A. B. Coolidge">Coolidge, William Augustus Brevoort</a> (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/St Gotthard Pass"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/St_Gotthard_Pass">"St Gotthard Pass" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). pp. 6–7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=St+Gotthard+Pass&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=6-7&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Coolidge&rft.aufirst=William+Augustus+Brevoort&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGotthard+Pass" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/9337147270397535700004">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyRCHTmkcJFxWprtjxv73">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Sankt Gotthard (Pass)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4077005-9">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85116569">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122183791">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122183791">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Gotthardský průsmyk (Švýcarsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge998561&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007551055505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/007466">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&oldid=1258973602">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gotthard_Pass&oldid=1258973602</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountain_passes_of_Ticino" title="Category:Mountain passes of Ticino">Mountain passes of Ticino</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountain_passes_of_the_Alps" title="Category:Mountain passes of the Alps">Mountain 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