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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=SQL" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=SQL" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. 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accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Beschrijving" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beschrijving"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Beschrijving</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beschrijving-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Werking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Werking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Werking</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Werking-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Werking-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Werking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Een_tabel_maken" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Een_tabel_maken"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Een tabel maken</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Een_tabel_maken-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Een_tabel_verwijderen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Een_tabel_verwijderen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Een tabel verwijderen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Een_tabel_verwijderen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Een_tabel_vullen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Een_tabel_vullen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Een tabel vullen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Een_tabel_vullen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Een_tabel_lezen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Een_tabel_lezen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Een tabel lezen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Een_tabel_lezen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gegevens_bijwerken" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gegevens_bijwerken"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Gegevens bijwerken</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gegevens_bijwerken-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SQL-uitdrukkingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SQL-uitdrukkingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>SQL-uitdrukkingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SQL-uitdrukkingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transacties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transacties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Transacties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transacties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">SQL</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 85 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-85" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">85 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A9" title="لغة الاستعلامات المهيكلة – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغة الاستعلامات المهيكلة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Beiers" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Beiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B2" title="এসকিউএল – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এসকিউএল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struktuurp%C3%A4ringukeel" title="Struktuurpäringukeel – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Struktuurpäringukeel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84" title="اس‌کیوال – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اس‌کیوال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teanga_Strucht%C3%BArtha_Iarratas" title="Teanga Struchtúrtha Iarratas – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teanga Struchtúrtha Iarratas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="ऍसक्यूऍल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऍसक्यूऍल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D.%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81.%E0%B4%8E%E0%B5%BD." title="എസ്.ക്യു.എൽ. – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എസ്.ക്യു.എൽ." data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%90%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B8.%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A.%E0%A8%90%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2" title="ਐੱਸ.ਕਿਊ.ਐੱਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐੱਸ.ਕਿਊ.ਐੱਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="ایس کیو ایل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایس کیو ایل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Query_Language" title="Structured Query Language – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Structured Query Language" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="கட்டமைப்புள்ள வினவு மொழி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கட்டமைப்புள்ள வினவு மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ภาษาสอบถามเชิงโครงสร้าง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาสอบถามเชิงโครงสร้าง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="ایس کیو ایل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایس کیو ایل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL" title="SQL – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="SQL" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47607#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p><b>SQL</b> (<b>Structured Query Language</b>, oorspronkelijk <b>SEQUEL</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is een <a href="/wiki/ANSI" class="mw-redirect" title="ANSI">ANSI</a>/<a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" class="mw-redirect" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>-<a href="/wiki/Programmeertaal" title="Programmeertaal">standaardtaal</a> voor een relationeel <a href="/wiki/Databasemanagementsysteem" title="Databasemanagementsysteem">databasemanagementsysteem</a> (<a href="/wiki/Databasemanagementsysteem" title="Databasemanagementsysteem">DBMS</a>). Het is een gestandaardiseerde taal die gebruikt kan worden voor taken zoals het bevragen en het aanpassen van <a href="/wiki/Gegeven" title="Gegeven">gegevens</a> in een <a href="/wiki/Relationele_database" title="Relationele database">relationele database</a>. SQL kan met vrijwel alle moderne relationele databaseproducten worden gebruikt. </p><p>SQL is een <a href="/wiki/Vierde_generatie-programmeertaal#Geschiedenis" class="mw-redirect" title="Vierde generatie-programmeertaal">vierde-generatie-taal</a> (G4-taal) omdat ze niet <a href="/wiki/Imperatief_programmeren" title="Imperatief programmeren">imperatief</a> maar <a href="/wiki/Declaratieve_taal" title="Declaratieve taal">declaratief</a> is, zoals <a href="/wiki/Prolog" title="Prolog">Prolog</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beschrijving">Beschrijving</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Beschrijving" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Beschrijving"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SQL is gebaseerd op de <a href="/wiki/Relationele_algebra" title="Relationele algebra">relationele algebra</a> en werd in de loop van de jaren zeventig ontwikkeld door <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_(Californi%C3%AB)" class="mw-redirect" title="San José (Californië)">San José</a>). Sinds het ontstaan van SQL hebben verschillende SQL-versies het levenslicht gezien. In de loop van de jaren 80 werd SQL gestandaardiseerd, gevolgd door renovaties als SQL-92, SQL-99, SQL-2003 en verder.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bijna elk DBMS heeft zijn eigen extra functies toegevoegd aan SQL-92. Dit maakt dat computerprogramma's waarbij de database-interface werd geschreven met behulp van SQL niet noodzakelijk zonder problemen kunnen worden gemigreerd van de ene naar de andere SQL-compatibele database. In vele gevallen werd door de ontwikkelaar van de software een SQL-functie gebruikt die alleen bestaat in de SQL-implementatie van één specifiek DBMS. </p><p>In eerste instantie werd SQL ontwikkeld als een vraagtaal voor de <a href="/wiki/Gebruiker" title="Gebruiker">eindgebruiker</a>. Het idee was dat <a href="/wiki/Manager" title="Manager">businessmanagers</a> SQL zouden gebruiken om bedrijfsgegevens te analyseren. Achteraf is gebleken dat SQL te complex is om door eindgebruikers toegepast te worden. Het gebruik van SQL impliceert immers een volledige kennis van de structuur van de te ondervragen database. Tegenwoordig benadert de <a href="/wiki/Softwareontwikkelaar" title="Softwareontwikkelaar">programmeur</a> van de applicatie de database met SQL via een <a href="/wiki/Application_programming_interface" title="Application programming interface">application programming interface</a> (API), zoals <a href="/wiki/ODBC" class="mw-redirect" title="ODBC">ODBC</a> of <a href="/w/index.php?title=ADO_(programmeertaal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ADO (programmeertaal) (de pagina bestaat niet)">ADO</a> (<a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>), <a href="/wiki/JDBC" class="mw-redirect" title="JDBC">JDBC</a> (<a href="/wiki/Java_(programmeertaal)" title="Java (programmeertaal)">Java</a>) of een productspecifieke API. SQL is dus in essentie omgevormd van een taal voor eindgebruikers tot een brug tussen applicaties en databases. </p><p>SQL kan worden opgedeeld in vier onderdelen: de query language, de <a href="/wiki/Data_manipulation_language" title="Data manipulation language">data manipulation language</a> (DML), de <a href="/wiki/Data_control_language" title="Data control language">data control language</a> (DCL) en de <a href="/wiki/Data_definition_language" title="Data definition language">data definition language</a> (DDL). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Werking">Werking</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Werking" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Werking"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SQL maakt voor de communicatie met het DBMS gebruik van zogenaamde <a href="/wiki/Query" title="Query">query</a>'s. Een query is een <a href="/wiki/ASCII_(tekenset)" title="ASCII (tekenset)">ASCII</a>-tekenreeks en is een opdracht die naar het DBMS wordt verzonden. Het DBMS zal de opdracht interpreteren en uitvoeren en stuurt eventueel gegevens terug naar het opdrachtgevende programma. </p><p>Een SQL-query ziet er bijvoorbeeld als volgt uit: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sql mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tblKlanten</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tblKlanten</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">krediet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> </pre></div> <p>De betekenis van bovenstaande query is als volgt: </p> <ul><li><code>SELECT</code>: hierachter wordt geplaatst welke velden (kolommen) worden geselecteerd; * betekent 'alle velden'.</li> <li><code>FROM</code>: hierachter komt de naam van de tabel, in dit geval <code>tblKlanten</code>.</li> <li><code>WHERE</code>: hierachter komen veldnamen met waarden waaraan de velden moeten voldoen.<br />In dit geval: alle records waarvan het veld <code>krediet</code> in de tabel <code>tblKlanten</code> kleiner is dan 0.</li></ul> <p>Met SQL is het mogelijk om tabellen aan te maken, te wijzigen, te vullen en te verwijderen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Een_tabel_maken">Een tabel maken</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Een tabel maken" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Een tabel maken"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sql mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">CREATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tabelnaam</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldNaam1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldtype1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">PRIMARY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">KEY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">UNIQUE</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">veldNaam2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldtype2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">NOT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">PRIMARY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">KEY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">UNIQUE</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">);</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Een_tabel_verwijderen">Een tabel verwijderen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Een tabel verwijderen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Een tabel verwijderen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sql mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DROP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">TABLE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tabelnaam</span><span class="p">;</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Een_tabel_vullen">Een tabel vullen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Een tabel vullen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Een tabel vullen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie ook: <a href="/wiki/Insert_(SQL)" title="Insert (SQL)">Insert (SQL)</a></i></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sql mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INSERT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">INTO</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tabelnaam</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">veldnaam1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="n">veldnaam2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">....]]]</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">VALUES</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">waarde1</span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="n">waarde2</span><span class="p">[,...]]);</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Een_tabel_lezen">Een tabel lezen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Een tabel lezen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Een tabel lezen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie ook: <a href="/wiki/Select_(SQL)" title="Select (SQL)">Select (SQL)</a></i></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sql mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldna</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">en</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Tabelnaam</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">conditie</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">GROUP</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldnaam</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldnaam</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]]</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">HAVING</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">conditie2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">ORDER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BY</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldnaam</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">ASC</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DESC</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldnaam</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">ASC</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">DESC</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...]];</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gegevens_bijwerken">Gegevens bijwerken</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Gegevens bijwerken" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Gegevens bijwerken"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie ook: <a href="/wiki/Update_(SQL)" title="Update (SQL)">Update (SQL)</a></i></div> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sql mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">UPDATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">tabel</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">naam</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SET</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldnaam</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">waarde</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">veldnaam2</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">waarde2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">conditie</span><span class="p">;</span> </pre></div> <p><i>SQL-sleutelwoorden staan in HOOFDletters, niet verplichte code tussen [ en ], herhalingen met ...</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="SQL-uitdrukkingen">SQL-uitdrukkingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: SQL-uitdrukkingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: SQL-uitdrukkingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>uitdrukking </th> <th>beschrijving </th> <th>query </th></tr> <tr> <td><code>CREATE DATABASE</code> </td> <td>nieuwe database </td> <td><code>CREATE DATABASE database_naam;</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>CREATE TABLE</code> </td> <td>nieuwe tabel </td> <td><code>CREATE TABLE tabel_naam(kolom1 text, kolom2 integer [, ...] ) ;</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>INSERT</code> </td> <td>nieuwe gegevens in de tabel toevoegen </td> <td><code>INSERT INTO tabelnaam (kolom1, kolom2 [, ...] ) VALUES (waarde1, waarde2 [, ...] );</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>SELECT</code> </td> <td>gegevens uit een tabel selecteren </td> <td><code>SELECT kolom1, kolom2 [, ...] FROM tabelnaam where conditie;</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>UPDATE</code> </td> <td>bestaande rijen (Engels: <i>rows</i>) wijzigen </td> <td><code>UPDATE tabelnaam SET kolom1 = waarde1 [, ...] WHERE conditie;</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>DELETE</code> </td> <td>rijen wissen uit een tabel </td> <td><code>DELETE FROM tabelnaam WHERE conditie;</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>TRUNCATE</code> </td> <td><b>alle</b> rijen wissen uit een tabel </td> <td><code>TRUNCATE TABLE tabelnaam;</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>DROP</code> </td> <td>tabel geheel wissen uit de database </td> <td><code>DROP TABLE tabelnaam;</code> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transacties">Transacties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Transacties" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Transacties"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Een <a href="/wiki/Transactie_(dataopslag)" title="Transactie (dataopslag)">transactie</a> bestaat uit een reeks van een of meer databasebewerkingen. De transactie maakt mogelijk dat zo'n reeks bewerkingen ofwel allemaal, ofwel geen van alle worden doorgevoerd. </p><p>Een voorbeeld is de database van een bank, waarbij bij een overboeking eerst het saldo van rekening A met een SQL-opdracht wordt verlaagd, en daarna het saldo van rekening B met een SQL-opdracht wordt verhoogd. Als er een fout plaatsvindt nádat het saldo op rekening A is verlaagd, maar vóordat het saldo op rekening B is verhoogd, 'verdwijnt' het bedrag. De database is dan "inconsistent". Deze ongewenste toestand kan worden voorkomen door de twee SQL-opdrachten binnen een transactie af te werken. </p><p>Een transactie kan expliciet worden gestart (<code>BEGIN WORK</code> of <code>BEGIN TRANSACTION</code>) of impliciet bij de eerste lees- of schrijfopdracht sinds de voorgaande transactie (of sinds het sessiebegin). </p><p>Er zijn twee commando's om een transactie af te sluiten: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commit_(dataopslag)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commit (dataopslag)"><code>COMMIT</code></a>: De transactie wordt doorgevoerd. Als het commit-commando door de database succesvol wordt uitgevoerd dan zijn de bewerkingen definitief in de database opgeslagen. Sommige statements bevatten een impliciete commit. Soms is het mogelijk zelf een impliciete commit te definiëren.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollback_(dataopslag)" title="Rollback (dataopslag)"><code>ROLLBACK</code></a> of <code>ABORT</code>: De transactie wordt niet doorgevoerd. De gegevens houden de waarde die ze hadden vóór de transactie. Bij sommige databases wordt automatisch een rollback uitgevoerd als er een fout optreedt gedurende een transactie.</li></ul> <p>De syntaxis en manier van werken verschillen enigszins per databasesysteem zoals <a href="/wiki/IBM_DB2" title="IBM DB2">DB2</a>, <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oracle_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oracle (software)">Oracle</a>, <a href="/wiki/PostgreSQL" title="PostgreSQL">PostgreSQL</a>, <a href="/wiki/SQLite" title="SQLite">SQLite</a> en andere. </p><p>Zo gaat in Oracle het uitvoeren van DDL (gegevensdefinitietaal) impliciet gepaard aan een commit, en zo'n opdracht kan dus niet worden teruggedraaid (geROLLBACKt). In PostgreSQL daarentegen kunnen DDL-opdrachten in een transactie worden uitgevoerd en vervolgens ongedaan gemaakt via ROLLBACK. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sql mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">BEGIN</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WORK</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">UPDATE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tabel</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">SET</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kolom1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">waarde1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kolom2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">waarde2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">kolomID</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">eenID</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">COMMIT</span><span class="p">;</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SQL&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insert_(SQL)" title="Insert (SQL)"><code>INSERT</code>-commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Select_(SQL)" title="Select (SQL)"><code>SELECT</code>-commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Update_(SQL)" title="Update (SQL)"><code>UPDATE</code>-commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delete_(SQL)" title="Delete (SQL)"><code>DELETE</code>-commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transactie_(dataopslag)" title="Transactie (dataopslag)">Transactie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SQL-injectie" title="SQL-injectie">SQL-injectie</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://conservancy.umn.edu/items/93b61cc2-672e-48e3-946f-cd2f71951454">Interview with Donald D. Chamberlin</a> (pagina's 12 en 16)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130817044112/http://latentflip.com/imperative-vs-declarative/#sql">Imperative vs Declarative (kopje SQL)</a> Philip Roberts, 2 april 2013 op latentflip (gearchiveerd)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mtome.com/Publications/PNLA/prolog-digital.pdf">Prolog and Natural-Language Analysis</a> Pereira/Shieber, 1987-2002 op mtome</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://modern-sql.com/standard">Don't Tell Anyone: The SQL Standard is Public!</a> modern-sql.com over ontwikkeling van standaard-SQL (1992-2016)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style> <div class="navigatie" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Databases"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_databases" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie databases"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nl:Overleg_sjabloon:Navigatie_databases" title="Overleg sjabloon"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_databases&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Databases" class="navigatie-titel">Databases</div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <p><a href="/wiki/Databasemanagementsysteem" title="Databasemanagementsysteem">databasemanagementsysteem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Databasemodel" title="Databasemodel">databasemodel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Databasenormalisatie" title="Databasenormalisatie">databasenormalisatie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Referenti%C3%ABle_integriteit" title="Referentiële integriteit">referentiële integriteit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Relationele_algebra" title="Relationele algebra">relationele algebra</a> · <a href="/wiki/Relationele_database" title="Relationele database">relationele database</a> · <a href="/wiki/Relationeel_model" title="Relationeel model">relationeel model</a> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>Begrippen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">database</a> · <a href="/wiki/ACID" title="ACID">ACID</a> · <a href="/wiki/CRUD" title="CRUD">CRUD</a> · <a href="/wiki/Null" title="Null">null</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vreemde_sleutel" title="Vreemde sleutel">vreemde sleutel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Primaire_sleutel" title="Primaire sleutel">primaire sleutel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kandidaatsleutel" title="Kandidaatsleutel">kandidaatsleutel</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Axioma%27s_van_Armstrong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Axioma's van Armstrong (de pagina bestaat niet)">axioma's van Armstrong</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Objecten:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Tabel_(database)" title="Tabel (database)">tabel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Relatie" title="Relatie">relatie</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=View_(database)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="View (database) (de pagina bestaat niet)">view</a> · <a href="/wiki/Transactie_(dataopslag)" title="Transactie (dataopslag)">transactie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Trigger" title="Trigger">trigger</a> · <a href="/wiki/Index_(database)" title="Index (database)">index</a> · <a href="/wiki/Opgeslagen_procedure" title="Opgeslagen procedure">opgeslagen procedure</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cursor" title="Cursor">cursor</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Partitie_(database)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partitie (database) (de pagina bestaat niet)">partitie</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SQL</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Select_(SQL)" title="Select (SQL)">Select</a> · <a href="/wiki/Insert_(SQL)" title="Insert (SQL)">Insert</a> · <a href="/wiki/Update_(SQL)" title="Update (SQL)">Update</a> · <a href="/wiki/Merge_(SQL)" title="Merge (SQL)">Merge</a> · <a href="/wiki/Delete_(SQL)" title="Delete (SQL)">Delete</a> · <a href="/wiki/From_(SQL)" title="From (SQL)">From</a> · <a href="/wiki/Join_(SQL)" title="Join (SQL)">Join</a> · <a href="/wiki/Union_(SQL)" title="Union (SQL)">Union</a> · <a href="/wiki/Create_(SQL)" title="Create (SQL)">Create</a> · <a href="/wiki/Drop_(SQL)" title="Drop (SQL)">Drop</a> · <a href="/wiki/Commit" title="Commit">Commit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rollback_(dataopslag)" title="Rollback (dataopslag)">Rollback</a> · <a href="/wiki/Truncate_(SQL)" title="Truncate (SQL)">Truncate</a> · <a href="/wiki/Alter_(SQL)" title="Alter (SQL)">Alter</a> · <a href="/wiki/Where_(SQL)" title="Where (SQL)">Where</a> · <a href="/wiki/Data_definition_language" title="Data definition language">DDL</a> · <a href="/wiki/Data_manipulation_language" title="Data manipulation language">DML</a> · <a href="/wiki/Data_control_language" title="Data control language">DCL</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Producten:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_relationele_databases" title="Lijst van relationele databases">relationele databases</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SQL&oldid=67865096">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SQL&oldid=67865096</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:SQL" title="Categorie:SQL">SQL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Relationele_database" title="Categorie:Relationele database">Relationele database</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div 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