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ferromagnetism</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: itinerant ferromagnetism"> <meta name="keywords" content="itinerant ferromagnetism"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="itinerant ferromagnetism"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 31</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: itinerant ferromagnetism</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> 2D Ferromagnetism in Van der Waals Bonded Fe₃GeTe₂</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankita%20Tiwari">Ankita Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyoti%20Saini"> Jyoti Saini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhasis%20Ghosh"> Subhasis Ghosh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For many years, researchers have been fascinated by the subject of how properties evolve as dimensionality is lowered. Early on, it was shown that the presence of a significant magnetic anisotropy might compensate for the lack of long-range (LR) magnetic order in a low-dimensional system (d < 3) with continuous symmetry, as proposed by Hohenberg-Mermin and Wagner (HMW). Strong magnetic anisotropy allows an LR magnetic order to stabilize in two dimensions (2D) even in the presence of stronger thermal fluctuations which is responsible for the absence of Heisenberg ferromagnetism in 2D. Van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnets, including CrI₃, CrTe₂, Cr₂X₂Te₆ (X = Si and Ge) and Fe₃GeTe₂, offer a nearly ideal platform for studying ferromagnetism in 2D. Fe₃GeTe₂ is the subject of extensive investigation due to its tunable magnetic properties, high Curie temperature (Tc ~ 220K), and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Many applications in the field of spintronics device development have been quite active due to these appealing features of Fe₃GeTe₂. Although it is known that LR-driven ferromagnetism is necessary to get around the HMW theorem in 2D experimental realization, Heisenberg 2D ferromagnetism remains elusive in condensed matter systems. Here, we show that Fe₃GeTe₂ hosts both localized and delocalized spins, resulting in itinerant and local-moment ferromagnetism. The presence of LR itinerant interaction facilitates to stabilize Heisenberg ferromagnet in 2D. With the help of Rhodes-Wohlfarth (RW) and generalized RW-based analysis, Fe₃GeTe₂ has been shown to be a 2D ferromagnet with itinerant magnetism that can be modulated by an external magnetic field. Hence, the presence of both local moment and itinerant magnetism has made this system interesting in terms of research in low dimensions. We have also rigorously performed critical analysis using an improvised method. We show that the variable critical exponents are typical signatures of 2D ferromagnetism in Fe₃GeTe₂. The spontaneous magnetization exponent β changes the universality class from mean-field to 2D Heisenberg with field. We have also confirmed the range of interaction via the renormalization group (RG) theory. According to RG theory, Fe₃GeTe₂ is a 2D ferromagnet with LR interactions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Van%20der%20Waal%20ferromagnet" title="Van der Waal ferromagnet">Van der Waal ferromagnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2D%20ferromagnetism" title=" 2D ferromagnetism"> 2D ferromagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transition" title=" phase transition"> phase transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=itinerant%20ferromagnetism" title=" itinerant ferromagnetism"> itinerant ferromagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long%20range%20order" title=" long range order"> long range order</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175619/2d-ferromagnetism-in-van-der-waals-bonded-fe3gete2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175619.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Evolution of Structure and Magnetic Behavior by Pr Doping in SrRuO3</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renu%20Gupta">Renu Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashim%20K.%20Pramanik"> Ashim K. Pramanik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report the evolution of structure and magnetic properties in perovskite ruthenates Sr1-xPrxRuO3 (x = 0.0 and 0.1). Our main expectations, to induce the structural modification and change the Ru charge state by Pr doping at Sr site. By the Pr doping on Sr site retains orthorhombic structure while we find a minor change in structural parameters. The SrRuO3 have itinerant type of ferromagnetism with ordering temperature ~160 K. By Pr doping, the magnetic moment decrease and ZFC show three distinct peaks (three transition temperature; TM1, TM2 and TM3). Further analysis of magnetization of both samples, at high temperature follow modified CWL and Pr doping gives Curie temperature ~ 129 K which is close to TM2. Above TM2 to TM3, the inverse susceptibility shows upward deviation from CW behavior, indicating the existence AFM like clustered in this regime. The low-temperature isothermal magnetization M (H) shows moment decreases by Pr doping. The Arrott plot gives spontaneous magnetization (Ms) which also decreases by Pr doping. The evolution of Rhodes-Wohlfarth ratio increases which suggests the FM in this system evolves toward the itinerant type by Pr doping. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=itinerant%20ferromagnet" title="itinerant ferromagnet">itinerant ferromagnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Perovskite%20structure" title=" Perovskite structure"> Perovskite structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruthenates" title=" Ruthenates"> Ruthenates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhodes-Wohlfarth%20ratio" title=" Rhodes-Wohlfarth ratio"> Rhodes-Wohlfarth ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69743/evolution-of-structure-and-magnetic-behavior-by-pr-doping-in-srruo3" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Determinants of the Welfare of Itinerant Palm Oil Marketers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obasi%20Igwe%20Oscar">Obasi Igwe Oscar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Udokure%20Ubong%20James"> Udokure Ubong James</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Echebiri%20Raphael%20Ndubuisi"> Echebiri Raphael Ndubuisi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study examined the determinants of the welfare of itinerant palm oil marketers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling techniques were adopted to select 120 itinerant palm oil marketers for the study. Primary data were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the cost and returns formula and multiple regression model. Results showed that itinerant palm oil marketing was profitable and 57.39% efficient. The respondents' monthly expenditure of N111,787.90 on food and non-food items indicated that they live above the extreme poverty threshold of $2.15 per person per day, with a daily spending of over $2. Net income (P<0.05), age (P<0.01), educational level (P<0.01), household size (P<0.01), credit amount (P<0.01), market information (P<0.05), amount of tax paid (P<0.01) and the level of market participation (P<0.05) were the significant determinants of the welfare of itinerant traders in the study area. The study recommended that government and non-governmental organizations should make available marketing facilities and enhance transportation networks to reduce inefficiencies and lower transaction costs for itinerant palm oil traders in Akwa Ibom state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title="determinants">determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welfare" title=" welfare"> welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=itinerant" title=" itinerant"> itinerant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palm%20oil" title=" palm oil"> palm oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketers" title=" marketers"> marketers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190553/determinants-of-the-welfare-of-itinerant-palm-oil-marketers-in-akwa-ibom-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190553.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> The Effect of Hydrogen on the Magnetic Properties of ZnO: A Density Functional Tight Binding Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Lahmer">M. A. Lahmer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Guergouri"> K. Guergouri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ferromagnetic properties of carbon-doped ZnO (ZnO:CO) and hydrogenated carbon-doped ZnO (ZnO:CO+H) are investigated using the density functional tight binding (DFTB) method. Our results reveal that CO-doped ZnO is a ferromagnetic material with a magnetic moment of 1.3 μB per carbon atom. The presence of hydrogen in the material in the form of CO-H complex decreases the total magnetism of the material without suppressing ferromagnetism. However, the system in this case becomes quickly antiferromagnetic when the C-C separation distance was increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO" title="ZnO">ZnO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon" title=" carbon"> carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetism" title=" ferromagnetism"> ferromagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20tight%20binding" title=" density functional tight binding"> density functional tight binding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10237/the-effect-of-hydrogen-on-the-magnetic-properties-of-zno-a-density-functional-tight-binding-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Occupational Health Hazards of Itinerant Waste Buyers (IWBs) in Kathmandu, Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashish%20Khanal">Ashish Khanal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suja%20Giri"> Suja Giri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The scrap collection work is associated with multiple health hazards. Cut and scratches during collection and transportation of scraps are common. IWBs purchase the scraps mainly papers, cartoons, glass bottles and metals from the households. This study was conducted in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal. The location was chosen because Kathmandu is the biggest city of Nepal with highest number of IWBs. The research used a case study strategy to examine the occupational health hazards of IWBs. The only mode of collecting and transporting of scraps in Kathmandu is the bicycle. They have to do this regular work even during the scorching sun and chilled winter. The musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal disorders are the common health problem shared by IWBs in Kathmandu, Nepal. Despite of these problems, IWBs don’t take it seriously and rarely goes for the health check-up. There is need of personal protective equipment and guidance for safety of IWBs. IWBs need to wear closed shoes and use gloves to avoid cuts during the collection and transportation of the recyclables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=itinerant%20waste%20buyers" title="itinerant waste buyers">itinerant waste buyers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathmandu" title=" Kathmandu"> Kathmandu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20health" title=" occupational health"> occupational health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scrap" title=" scrap"> scrap</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99545/occupational-health-hazards-of-itinerant-waste-buyers-iwbs-in-kathmandu-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99545.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> YBa2Cu3O7-d Nanoparticles Doped by Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles of Y3Fe5O12</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Khene">Samir Khene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present and future industrial uses of high critical temperature superconductors require high critical temperatures TC and strong current densities JC. These two aims constitute the two motivations of the scientific research in this domain. The most significant feature of any superconductor, from the viewpoint of uses, is the maximum electrical transport current density that this superconductor is capable of withstanding without loss of energy. In this work, vortices pinning in conventional and high-TC superconductors will be studied. Our experiments on vortices pinning in single crystals and nanoparticles of YBa2Cu3O7- and La1.85 Sr0.15CuO will be presented. It will be given special attention to the study of the YBa2Cu3O7- nanoparticles doped by ferromagnetic nanoparticles of Y3Fe5O12. The ferromagnetism and superconductivity coexistence in this compound will be demonstrated, and the influence of these ferromagnetic nanoparticles on the variations of the critical current density JC in YBa2Cu3O7- nanoparticles as a function of applied field H and temperature T will be studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetism" title="ferromagnetism">ferromagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductivity" title=" superconductivity"> superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coexistence" title=" coexistence"> coexistence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20material" title=" magnetic material"> magnetic material</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167274/yba2cu3o7-d-nanoparticles-doped-by-ferromagnetic-nanoparticles-of-y3fe5o12" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Effective Charge Coupling in Low Dimensional Doped Quantum Antiferromagnets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suraka%20Bhattacharjee">Suraka Bhattacharjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranjan%20Chaudhury"> Ranjan Chaudhury</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interaction between the charge degrees of freedom for itinerant antiferromagnets is investigated in terms of generalized charge stiffness constant corresponding to nearest neighbour t-J model and t1-t2-t3-J model. The low dimensional hole doped antiferromagnets are the well known systems that can be described by the t-J-like models. Accordingly, we have used these models to investigate the fermionic pairing possibilities and the coupling between the itinerant charge degrees of freedom. A detailed comparison between spin and charge couplings highlights that the charge and spin couplings show very similar behaviour in the over-doped region, whereas, they show completely different trends in the lower doping regimes. Moreover, a qualitative equivalence between generalized charge stiffness and effective Coulomb interaction is also established based on the comparisons with other theoretical and experimental results. Thus it is obvious that the enhanced possibility of fermionic pairing is inherent in the reduction of Coulomb repulsion with increase in doping concentration. However, the increased possibility can not give rise to pairing without the presence of any other pair producing mechanism outside the t-J model. Therefore, one can conclude that the t-J-like models themselves solely are not capable of producing conventional momentum-based superconducting pairing on their own. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20charge%20stiffness%20constant" title="generalized charge stiffness constant">generalized charge stiffness constant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charge%20coupling" title=" charge coupling"> charge coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20Coulomb%20interaction" title=" effective Coulomb interaction"> effective Coulomb interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=t-J-like%20models" title=" t-J-like models"> t-J-like models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=momentum-space%20pairing" title=" momentum-space pairing"> momentum-space pairing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111537/effective-charge-coupling-in-low-dimensional-doped-quantum-antiferromagnets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Magnetic Study on Ybₐ₂Cu₃O₇₋δ Nanoparticles Doped by Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles of Y₃Fe₅O₁₂</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Khene">Samir Khene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present and future industrial uses of high critical temperature superconductors require high critical temperatures TC and strong current densities JC. These two aims constitute the two motivations of scientific research in this domain. The most significant feature of any superconductor, from the viewpoint of uses, is the maximum electrical transport current density that this superconductor is capable of withstanding without loss of energy. In this work, vortices pinning in conventional and high-TC superconductors will be studied. Our experiments on vortices pinning in single crystals and nanoparticles of YBₐ₂Cu₃O₇₋δ and La₁.₈₅ Sr₀.₁₅CuO will be presented. It will be given special attention to the study of the YBₐ₂Cu₃O₇₋δ nanoparticles doped by ferromagnetic nanoparticles of Y₃Fe₅O₁₂. The ferromagnetism and superconductivity coexistence in this compound will be demonstrated, and the influence of these ferromagnetic nanoparticles on the variations of the critical current density JC in YBₐ₂Cu₃O7₇₋δ nanoparticles as a function of applied field H and temperature T will be studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductors" title="superconductors">superconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20critical%20temperature" title=" high critical temperature"> high critical temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortices%20pinning" title=" vortices pinning"> vortices pinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetism" title=" ferromagnetism"> ferromagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coexistence" title=" coexistence"> coexistence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161747/magnetic-study-on-yb2cu3o7d-nanoparticles-doped-by-ferromagnetic-nanoparticles-of-y3fe5o12" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Spin-Polarized Investigation of Ferromagnetism on Magnetic Semiconductors MnxCa1-xS in the Rock-salt Phase</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Ghebouli">B. Ghebouli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Ghebouli"> M. A. Ghebouli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Choutri"> H. Choutri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Fatmi"> M. Fatmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Louail"> L. Louail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The structural, elastic, electronic and magnetic properties of the diluted magnetic semiconductors MnxCa1-xS in the rock-salt phase have been investigated using first-principles calculations. Features such as lattice constant, bulk modulus, elastic constants, spin-polarized band structure, total and local densities of states have been computed. We predict the values of the exchange constants and the band edge spin splitting of the valence and conduction bands. The hybridization between S-3p and Mn-3d produces small local magnetic moment on the nonmagnetic Ca and S sites. The ferromagnetism is induced due to the exchange splitting of S-3p and Mn-3d hybridized bands. The total magnetic moment per Mn of MnxCa1-xS is 4.4µB and is independent of the Mn concentration. The unfilled Mn -3d levels reduce the local magnetic moment of Mn from its free space charge value of 5µB to 4.4µB due to 3p–3d hybridization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductors" title="semiconductors">semiconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ab%20initio%20calculations" title=" Ab initio calculations"> Ab initio calculations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band-structure" title=" band-structure"> band-structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20properties" title=" magnetic properties"> magnetic properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13939/spin-polarized-investigation-of-ferromagnetism-on-magnetic-semiconductors-mnxca1-xs-in-the-rock-salt-phase" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13939.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Theoretical Investigation of the Origin of Interfacial Ferromagnetism of (LaNiO₃)n/(CaMnO₃)m Superlattices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiwuer%20Jilili">Jiwuer Jilili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iogann%20Tolbatov"> Iogann Tolbatov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mousumi%20U.%20Kahaly"> Mousumi U. Kahaly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metal to insulator transition and interfacial magnetism of the LaNiO₃ based superlattice are main interest due to thickness dependent electronic response and tunable magnetic behavior. We investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of recently experimentally synthesized (LaNiO₃)n/(CaMnO₃)m superlattices with varying LaNiO₃ thickness using density functional theory. The effect of the on-site Coulomb interaction is discussed. In switching from zero to finite U value for Ni atoms, LaNiO₃ shows transitions from half-metallic to metallic character, while spinning ordering changes from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic (FM). For CaMnO₃, U < 3 eV on Mn atoms results in G-type anti-FM spin ordering whereas increasing U value yields FM ordering. In superlattices, metal to insulator transition was achieved with a reduction of LaNiO₃ thickness. The system with one layer of LaNiO₃ yields insulating character. Increasing LaNiO₃ to two layers and above results in the onset of the metallic character with a major contribution from Ni and Mn 3d eg states. Our results for interfacial ferromagnetism, induced Ni magnetic moments and novel antiferromagnetically coupled Ni atoms are consistent with the recent experimental findings. The possible origin of the emergent magnetism is proposed in terms of the exchange interaction and Anderson localization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20theory" title="density functional theory">density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20magnetism" title=" interfacial magnetism"> interfacial magnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal-insulator%20transition" title=" metal-insulator transition"> metal-insulator transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ni%20magnetism." title=" Ni magnetism."> Ni magnetism.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94575/theoretical-investigation-of-the-origin-of-interfacial-ferromagnetism-of-lanio3ncamno3m-superlattices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Study of Half-Metallic Ferromagnetism in CeFeO3</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abbad">A. Abbad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Benstaali"> W. Benstaali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory and generalize gradient approximation, we predict electronic and magnetic properties of CeFeO3 orthorhombic perovskite. The calculated densities of states presented in this study identify the metallic behavior CeFeO3 when we use the GGA scheme, whereas when we use the GGA+U, we see that its exhibits half-metallic character with an integer magnetic moment of 24μB per formula unit at its equilibrium volume which makes this compound promising candidate for applications in spintronics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CeFeO3" title="CeFeO3">CeFeO3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20moment" title=" magnetic moment"> magnetic moment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=half-metallic" title=" half-metallic"> half-metallic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20properties" title=" electronic properties"> electronic properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46522/study-of-half-metallic-ferromagnetism-in-cefeo3" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Low Field Microwave Absorption and Magnetic Anisotropy in TM Co-Doped ZnO System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Das">J. Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20S.%20Mahule"> T. S. Mahule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20V.%20Srinivasu"> V. V. Srinivasu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electron spin resonance (ESR) study at 9.45 GHz and a field modulation frequency of 100Hz was performed on bulk polycrystalline samples of Mn:TM (Fe/Ni) and Mn:RE (Gd/Sm) co doped ZnO samples with composition Zn1-xMn:TM/RE)xO synthesised by solid state reaction route and sintered at 500 0C temperature. The room temperature microwave absorption data collected by sweeping the DC magnetic field from -500 to 9500 G for the Mn:Fe and Mn:Ni co doped ZnO samples exhibit a rarely reported non resonant low field absorption (NRLFA) in addition to a strong absorption at around 3350G, usually associated with ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) satisfying Larmor’s relation due to absorption in the full saturation state. Observed low field absorption is distinct to ferromagnetic resonance even at low temperature and shows hysteresis. Interestingly, it shows a phase opposite with respect to the main ESR signal of the samples, which indicates that the low field absorption has a minimum value at zero magnetic field whereas the ESR signal has a maximum value. The major resonance peak as well as the peak corresponding to low field absorption exhibit asymmetric nature indicating magnetic anisotropy in the sample normally associated with intrinsic ferromagnetism. Anisotropy parameter for Mn:Ni codoped ZnO sample is noticed to be quite higher. The g values also support the presence of oxygen vacancies and clusters in the samples. These samples have shown room temperature ferromagnetism in the SQUID measurement. However, in rare earth (RE) co doped samples (Zn1-x (Mn: Gd/Sm)xO), which show paramagnetic behavior at room temperature, the low field microwave signals are not observed. As microwave currents due to itinerary electrons can lead to ohmic losses inside the sample, we speculate that more delocalized 3d electrons contributed from the TM dopants facilitate such microwave currents leading to the loss and hence absorption at the low field which is also supported by the increase in current with increased micro wave power. Besides, since Fe and Ni has intrinsic spin polarization with polarisability of around 45%, doping of Fe and Ni is expected to enhance the spin polarization related effect in ZnO. We emphasize that in this case Fe and Ni doping contribute to polarized current which interacts with the magnetization (spin) vector and get scattered giving rise to the absorption loss. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-doping" title="co-doping">co-doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20spin%20resonance" title=" electron spin resonance"> electron spin resonance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hysteresis" title=" hysteresis"> hysteresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-resonant%20microwave%20absorption" title=" non-resonant microwave absorption"> non-resonant microwave absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42596/low-field-microwave-absorption-and-magnetic-anisotropy-in-tm-co-doped-zno-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Understanding Magnetic Properties of Cd1-xSnxCr2Se4 Using Local Structure Probes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Suchismita%20Behera">P. Suchismita Behera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20G.%20Sathe"> V. G. Sathe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Nigam"> A. K. Nigam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20A.%20Bhobe"> P. A. Bhobe </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Co-existence of long-range ferromagnetism and semi-conductivity with correlated behavior of structural, magnetic, optical and electrical properties in various sites doping at CdCr2Se4 makes it a most promising candidate for spin-based electronic applications and magnetic devices. It orders ferromagnetically below TC = 130 K with a direct band gap of ~ 1.5 eV. The magnetic ordering is believed to result from strong competition between the direct antiferromagnetic Cr-Cr spin couplings and the ferromagnetic Cr-Se-Cr exchange interactions. With an aim of understanding the influence of crystal structure on its magnetic properties without disturbing the magnetic site, we investigated four compositions with 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% of Sn-substitution at Cd-site. Partial substitution of Cd2+ (0.78Å) by small sized nonmagnetic ion, Sn4+ (0.55Å), is expected to bring about local lattice distortion as well as a change in electronic charge distribution. The structural disorder would affect the Cd/Sn – Se bonds thus affecting the Cr-Cr and Cr-Se-Cr bonds. Whereas, the charge imbalance created due to Sn4+ substitution at Cd2+ leads to the possibility of Cr mixed valence state. Our investigation of the local crystal structure using the EXAFS, Raman spectroscopy and magnetic properties using SQUID magnetometry of the Cd1-xSnxCr2Se4 series reflects this premise. All compositions maintain the Fd3m cubic symmetry with tetrahedral distribution of Sn at Cd-site, as confirmed by XRD analysis. Lattice parameters were determined from the Rietveld refinement technique of the XRD data and further confirmed from the EXAFS spectra recorded at Cr K-edge. Presence of five Raman-active phonon vibrational modes viz. (T2g (1), T2g (2), T2g (3), Eg, A1g) in the Raman spectra further confirms the crystal symmetry. Temperature dependence of the Raman data provides interesting insight to the spin– phonon coupling, known to dominate the magneto-capacitive properties in the parent compound. Below the magnetic ordering temperature, the longitudinal damping of Eg mode associated with Se-Cd/Sn-Se bending and T2g (2) mode associated to Cr-Se-Cr interaction, show interesting deviations with respect to increase in Sn substitution. Besides providing the estimate of TC, the magnetic measurements recorded as a function of field provide the values of total magnetic moment for all the studied compositions indicative of formation of multiple Cr valences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20interactions" title="exchange interactions">exchange interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EXAFS" title=" EXAFS"> EXAFS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetism" title=" ferromagnetism"> ferromagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy"> Raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinel%20chalcogenides" title=" spinel chalcogenides"> spinel chalcogenides</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47969/understanding-magnetic-properties-of-cd1-xsnxcr2se4-using-local-structure-probes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Structural and Magnetic Properties of Undoped and Ni Doped CdZnS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabit%20Horoz">Sabit Horoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Ekicibil"> Ahmet Ekicibil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omer%20Sahin"> Omer Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Akyol"> M. Akyol</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, CdZnS and Ni-doped CdZnS quantum dots(QDs) were prepared by the wet-chemical method at room temperature using mercaptoethanol as a capping agent. The structural and magnetic properties of the CdZnS and CdZnS doped with different concentrations of Ni QDs were examined by XRD and magnetic susceptibility measurements, respectively. The average particles size of cubic QDs obtained by full-width half maxima (FWHM) analysis, increases with increasing doping concentrations. The investigation of the magnetic properties showed that the Ni-doped samples exhibit signs of ferromagnetism, on the other hand, un-doped CdZnS is diamagnetic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=un-doped%20and%20Ni%20doped%20CdZnS%20Quantum%20Dots%20%28QDs%29" title="un-doped and Ni doped CdZnS Quantum Dots (QDs)">un-doped and Ni doped CdZnS Quantum Dots (QDs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-precipitation%20method" title=" co-precipitation method"> co-precipitation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20and%20optical%20properties%20of%20QDs" title=" structural and optical properties of QDs"> structural and optical properties of QDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diluted%20magnetic%20semiconductor%20materials%20%28DMSMs%29" title=" diluted magnetic semiconductor materials (DMSMs)"> diluted magnetic semiconductor materials (DMSMs)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55093/structural-and-magnetic-properties-of-undoped-and-ni-doped-cdzns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> A Comparison between TM: TM Co Doped and TM: RE Co Doped ZnO Based Advanced Materials for Spintronics Applications; Structural, Optical and Magnetic Property Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20V.%20Srinivasu">V. V. Srinivasu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayashree%20Das"> Jayashree Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Owing to the industrial and technological importance, transition metal (TM) doped ZnO has been widely chosen for many practical applications in electronics and optoelectronics. Besides, though still a controversial issue, the reported room temperature ferromagnetism in transition metal doped ZnO has added a feather to its excellence and importance in current semiconductor research for prospective application in Spintronics. Anticipating non controversial and improved optical and magnetic properties, we adopted co doping method to synthesise polycrystalline Mn:TM (Fe,Ni) and Mn:RE(Gd,Sm) co doped ZnO samples by solid state sintering route with compositions Zn1-x (Mn:Fe/Ni)xO and Zn1-x(Mn:Gd/Sm)xO and sintered at two different temperatures. The structure, composition and optical changes induced in ZnO due to co doping and sintering were investigated by XRD, FTIR, UV, PL and ESR studies. X-ray peak profile analysis (XPPA) and Williamson-Hall analysis carried out shows changes in the values of stress, strain, FWHM and the crystallite size in both the co doped systems. FTIR spectra also show the effect of both type of co doping on the stretching and bending bonds of ZnO compound. UV-Vis study demonstrates changes in the absorption band edge as well as the significant change in the optical band gap due to exchange interactions inside the system after co doping. PL studies reveal effect of co doping on UV and visible emission bands in the co doped systems at two different sintering temperatures, indicating the existence of defects in the form of oxygen vacancies. While the TM: TM co doped samples of ZnO exhibit ferromagnetism at room temperature, the TM: RE co doped samples show paramagnetic behaviour. The magnetic behaviours observed are supported by results from Electron Spin resonance (ESR) study; which shows sharp resonance peaks with considerable line width (∆H) and g values more than 2. Such values are usually found due to the presence of an internal field inside the system giving rise to the shift of resonance field towards the lower field. The g values in this range are assigned to the unpaired electrons trapped in oxygen vacancies. TM: TM co doped ZnO samples exhibit low field absorption peaks in their ESR spectra, which is a new interesting observation. We emphasize that the interesting observations reported in this paper may be considered for the improved futuristic applications of ZnO based materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-doping" title="co-doping">co-doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro%20spin%20resonance" title=" electro spin resonance"> electro spin resonance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20absorption" title=" microwave absorption"> microwave absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spintronics" title=" spintronics"> spintronics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44018/a-comparison-between-tm-tm-co-doped-and-tm-re-co-doped-zno-based-advanced-materials-for-spintronics-applications-structural-optical-and-magnetic-property-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Deposition of Cr-doped ZnO Thin Films and Their Ferromagnetic Properties </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namhyun%20An">Namhyun An</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungho%20Lee"> Byungho Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hwauk%20Lee"> Hwauk Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youngmin%20Lee"> Youngmin Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deuk%20Young%20Kim"> Deuk Young Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sejoon%20Lee"> Sejoon Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the Cr-doped ZnO thin films have been deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering method with different Cr-contents (1.0at.%, 2.5at.% and 12.5at.%) and their ferromagnetic properties have been characterized. All films revealed clear ferromagnetism above room temperature. However, the spontaneous magnetization of the films was observed to depend on the Cr contents in the films. Namely, the magnitude of effective magnetic moment (per each Cr ion) was exponentially decreased with increasing the Cr contents. We attributed the decreased spontaneous magnetization to the degraded crystal magnetic anisotropy. In other words, we found out that the high concentration of magnetic ions causes the lattice distortion in the magnetic ion-doped thin film, and it consequently degrades ferromagnetic channeling in the solid-state material system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cr-doped%20ZnO" title="Cr-doped ZnO">Cr-doped ZnO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetic%20properties" title=" ferromagnetic properties"> ferromagnetic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetization" title=" magnetization"> magnetization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sputtering" title=" sputtering"> sputtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20film" title=" thin film "> thin film </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45499/deposition-of-cr-doped-zno-thin-films-and-their-ferromagnetic-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45499.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Half-Metallic Ferromagnetism in CdCoTe and CdMnTe: Ab-Initio Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Zitouni">A.Zitouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.Bentata"> S.Bentata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.Bouadjemi"> B.Bouadjemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.Lantri"> T.Lantri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Benstaali"> W. Benstaali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.Aziz"> Z.Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.Cherid"> S.Cherid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sefir"> A. Sefir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using the first-principles method, we investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the diluted magnetic semiconductors CdCoTe and CdMnTe in the zinc blende phase with 12.5% of Cr. The calculations are performed by a developed full potential augmented plane wave (FP-L/APW) method within the spin density functional theory (DFT). As exchange–correlation potential, we used the new generalized gradient approximation GGA. Structural properties are determined from the total energy calculations and we found that these compounds are stable in the ferromagnetic phase. We discuss the electronic structures, total and partial densities of states and local moments. Finally, CdCoTe and CdMnTe in the zinc-blend phase show the half-metallic ferromagnetic nature and are expected to be potential materials for spintronic devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GGA" title=" GGA"> GGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20structures" title=" band structures"> band structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=half-metallic" title=" half-metallic"> half-metallic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spintronics" title=" spintronics"> spintronics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33807/half-metallic-ferromagnetism-in-cdcote-and-cdmnte-ab-initio-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33807.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Ordinary and Triplet Superconducting Spin Valve Effect in Fe/Pb Based Heterostructures </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20V.%20Leksin">P. V. Leksin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Kamashev"> A. A. Kamashev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20N.%20Garifyanov"> N. N. Garifyanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20A.%20Garifullin"> I. A. Garifullin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya.%20V.%20Fominov"> Ya. V. Fominov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Schumann"> J. Schumann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Krupskaya"> Y. Krupskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Kataev"> V. Kataev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20G.%20Schmidt"> O. G. Schmidt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20B%C3%BCchner"> B. Büchner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We report on experimental evidence for the occurrence of the long range triplet correlations (LRTC) of the superconducting (SC) condensate in the spin-valve heterostructures CoOx/Fe1/Cu/Fe2/Pb. The LRTC generation in this layer sequence is accompanied by a Tc suppression near the orthogonal mutual orientation of the Fe1 and Fe2 layers’ magnetization. This Tc drop reaches its maximum of 60mK at the Fe2 layer thickness dFe2 = 0.6 nm and falls down when dFe2 is increased. The modification of the Fe/Pb interface by using a thin Cu intermediate layer between Fe and Pb layers reduces the SC transition width without preventing the interaction between Pb and Fe2 layers. The dependence of the SSVE magnitude on Fe1 layer thickness dFe1 reveals maximum of the effect when dFe1 and dFe2 are equal and the dFe2 value is minimal. Using the optimal Fe layers thicknesses and the intermediate Cu layer between Pb and Fe2 layer we realized almost full switching from normal to superconducting state due to SSVE. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconductivity" title="superconductivity">superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetism" title=" ferromagnetism"> ferromagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterostructures" title=" heterostructures"> heterostructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proximity%20effect" title=" proximity effect"> proximity effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21362/ordinary-and-triplet-superconducting-spin-valve-effect-in-fepb-based-heterostructures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Structural Magnetic Properties of Multiferroic (BiFeO3)1−x(PbTiO3)x Ceramics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Shariq">Mohammad Shariq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davinder%20Kaur"> Davinder Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A series of multiferroic (BiFeO3)1−x(PbTiO3)x [x= 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5] solid solution ceramics were synthesised by conventional solid-state reaction method. Well crystalline phase has been optimized at sintering temperature of 950°C for 2 hours. X rays diffraction studies of these ceramics revealed the existence of a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region in this system, which exhibits co-existence of rhombohedral and tetragonal phase with a large tetragonality (c/a ratio) in the tetragonal phase region. The average grain size of samples was found to be between 1-1.5 µm. The M-H curve revealed the BiFeO3 (BFO) as antiferromanetic material whereas, induced weak ferromagnetism was observed for (BiFeO3)1−x(PbTiO3)x composites with x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 at temperature of 5 K. The results evidenced the destruction of a space-modulated spin structure in bulk materials, via substituent effects, releasing a latent magnetization locked within the cycloid. Relative to unmodified BiFeO3, modified BiFeO3-PbTiO3 -based ceramics revealed enhancement in the electric-field-induced polarization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BiFeO3%291%E2%88%92x%28PbTiO3%29x%20ceramic" title="BiFeO3)1−x(PbTiO3)x ceramic">BiFeO3)1−x(PbTiO3)x ceramic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiferroic" title=" multiferroic"> multiferroic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SQUID" title=" SQUID"> SQUID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20properties" title=" magnetic properties "> magnetic properties </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17156/structural-magnetic-properties-of-multiferroic-bifeo31xpbtio3x-ceramics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> When the ‘Buddha’s Tree Itself Becomes a Rhizome’: The Religious Itinerant, Nomad Science and the Buddhist State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Taylor">James Taylor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper considers the political, geo-philosophical musings of Deleuze and Guattari on spatialisation, place and movement in relation to the religious nomad (wandering ascetics and reclusive forest monks) inhabiting the borderlands of Thailand. A nomadic science involves improvised ascetic practices between the molar lines striated by modern state apparatuses. The wandering ascetics, inhabiting a frontier political ecology, stand in contrast to the appropriating, sedentary metaphysics and sanctifying arborescence of statism and its corollary place-making, embedded in rootedness and territorialisation. It is argued that the religious nomads, residing on the endo-exteriorities of the state, came to represent a rhizomatic and politico-ontological threat to centre-nation and its apparatus of capture. The paper also theorises transitions and movement at the borderlands in the context of the state’s monastic reforms. These reforms, and its pervasive royal science, problematised the interstitial zones of the early ascetic wanderers in their radical cross-cutting networks and lines, moving within and across demarcated frontiers. Indeed, the ascetic wanderers and their allegorical war machine were seen as a source of wild, free-floating charisma and mystical power, eventually appropriated by the centre-nation in it’s becoming unitary and fixed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deleuze%20and%20Guattari" title="Deleuze and Guattari">Deleuze and Guattari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20nomad" title=" religious nomad"> religious nomad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centre-nation" title=" centre-nation"> centre-nation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=borderlands" title=" borderlands"> borderlands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhism" title=" Buddhism"> Buddhism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160506/when-the-buddhas-tree-itself-becomes-a-rhizome-the-religious-itinerant-nomad-science-and-the-buddhist-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160506.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Thermodynamic and Magnetic Properties of Heavy Fermion UTE₂ Superconductor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habtamu%20Anagaw%20Muluneh">Habtamu Anagaw Muluneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebregziabher%20Kahsay"> Gebregziabher Kahsay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamiru%20Negussie"> Tamiru Negussie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Theoretical study of the density of state, condensation energy, specific heat, and magnetization in a spin-triplet superconductor are the main goals of this work. Utilizing the retarded double-time temperature-dependent Green's function formalism and building a model Hamiltonian for the system at hand, we were able to derive the expressions for the parameters mentioned above. The phase diagrams are plotted using MATLAB scripts. From the phase diagrams, the density of electrons increases as the excitation energy increases, and the maximum excitation energy is equal to the superconducting gap, but it decreases when the value exceeds the gap and finally becomes the same as the density of the normal state. On the other hand, the condensation energy decreases with the increase in temperature and attains its minimum value at the superconducting transition temperature but increases with the increase in superconducting transition temperature (TC) and finally becomes zero, implying the superconducting energy is equal to the normal state energy. The specific heat increases with the increase in temperature, attaining its maximum value at the TC and then undergoing a jump, showing the presence of a second-order phase transition from the superconducting state to the normal state. Finally, the magnetization of both the itinerant and localized electrons decreases with the increase in temperature and finally becomes zero at TC = 1.6 K and magnetic phase transition temperature T = 2 K, respectively, which results in a magnetic phase transition from a ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic state. Our finding is in good agreement with the previous findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20triplet%20superconductivity" title="spin triplet superconductivity">spin triplet superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Green%E2%80%99s%20function" title=" Green’s function"> Green’s function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation%20energy" title=" condensation energy"> condensation energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20of%20state" title=" density of state"> density of state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20heat" title=" specific heat"> specific heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetization" title=" magnetization"> magnetization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193014/thermodynamic-and-magnetic-properties-of-heavy-fermion-ute2-superconductor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Calculation of Effective Masses and Curie Temperature of (Ga, Mn) as Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor from the Eight-band k.p Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khawlh%20A.%20Alzubaidi">Khawlh A. Alzubaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadijah%20B.%20Alziyadi"> Khadijah B. Alziyadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amor%20M.%20Alsayari"> Amor M. Alsayari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discovery of a dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) in which ferromagnetism is carrier-mediated and persists above room temperature is a major step toward the implementation of spintronic devices for processing, transferring, and storing of information. Among the many types of DMS materials which have been investigated, Mn-doped GaAs has become one of the best candidates for technological application. However, despite major developments over the last few decades, the maximum Curie temperature (~200 K) remains well below room temperature. In this work, we have studied the effect of Mn content and strain on the GaMnAs effective masses of electron, heavy and light holes calculated in the different crystallographic direction. Also, the Curie temperature in the DMS GaMnAs alloy is determined. Compilation of GaMnAs band parameters have been carried out using the 8-band k.p model based on Lowdin perturbation theory where spin orbit, sp-d exchange interaction, and biaxial strain are taken into account. Our results show that effective masses, calculated along the different crystallographic directions, have a strong dependence on strain, ranging from -2% (tensile strain) to 2% (compressive strain), and Mn content increased from 1 to 5%. The Curie temperature is determined within the mean-field approach based on the Zener model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diluted%20magnetic%20semiconductors" title="diluted magnetic semiconductors">diluted magnetic semiconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k.p%20method" title=" k.p method"> k.p method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20masses" title=" effective masses"> effective masses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curie%20temperature" title=" curie temperature"> curie temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain" title=" strain"> strain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162897/calculation-of-effective-masses-and-curie-temperature-of-ga-mn-as-diluted-magnetic-semiconductor-from-the-eight-band-kp-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Half-Metallic Ferromagnetism in Ternary Zinc Blende Fe/In0.5Ga0.5 as/in Psuperlattice: First-Principles Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Berrouachedi">N. Berrouachedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bouslama"> M. Bouslama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Rioual"> S. Rioual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Lescop"> B. Lescop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Langlois"> J. Langlois</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using first-principles calculations within the LSDA (Local Spin Density Approximation) method based on density functional theory (DFT), the electronic structure and magnetic properties of zinc blende Fe/In0.5Ga0.5As/InPsuperlattice are investigated. This compound are found to be half -metallic ferromagnets with a total magnetic moment of 2.25μB per Fe. In addition to this, we reported the DRX measurements of the thick iron sample before and after annealing. One should note, after the annealing treatment at a higher temperature, the disappearance of the peak associated to the Fe(001) plane. In contrast to this report, we observed after the annealing at low temperature the additional peaks attributed to the presence of indium and Fe2As. This suggests a subsequent process consisting in a strong migration of atoms followed with crystallization at the higher temperature.To investigate the origin of magnetism and electronic structure in these zb compounds, we calculated the total and partial DOS of FeInP.One can see that µtotal=4.24µBand µFe=3.27µB in contrast µIn=0.021µB and µP=0.049µB.These results predicted that FeInP compound do belong to the class of zb half metallic HM ferromagnetswith a pseudo gap= 0.93 eVare more promising materials for spintronics devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zincblend%20structure" title="zincblend structure">zincblend structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=half%20metallic%20ferromagnet" title=" half metallic ferromagnet"> half metallic ferromagnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20moments" title=" spin moments"> spin moments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20and%20partial%20DOS" title=" total and partial DOS"> total and partial DOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DRX" title=" DRX"> DRX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wien2k" title=" Wien2k"> Wien2k</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39717/half-metallic-ferromagnetism-in-ternary-zinc-blende-fein05ga05-asin-psuperlattice-first-principles-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Multifunctional 1D α-Fe2O3/ZnO Core/Shell Semiconductor Nano-Heterostructures: Heterojunction Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gobinda%20Gopal%20Khan">Gobinda Gopal Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashutosh%20K.%20Singh"> Ashutosh K. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debasish%20Sarkar"> Debasish Sarkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study reports the facile fabrication of 1D ZnO/α-Fe2O3 semiconductor nano-heterostructures (SNHs), and we investigate the strong interfacial interactions at the heterojunction, resulting in novel multifunctionality in the hybrid structure. ZnO-coated α-Fe2O3 nanowires (NWs) have been prepared by combining electrodeposition and wet chemical methods. Significant improvement in electrical conductivity, photoluminescence, and room temperature magnetic properties have been observed for the ZnO/α-Fe2O3 SNHs over the pristine α-Fe2O3 NWs because of the contribution of the ZnO nanolayer. The increase in electrical conductivity in ZnO/α-Fe2O3 SNHs is because of the increase in free electrons in the conduction band of the SNHs due to the formation of type-II n-n band configuration at the heterojunction. The SNHs are found to exhibit enhanced visible green photoluminescence along with the UV emission at room temperature. The band-gap emission of the α-Fe2O3 NWs coupled to the defect emissions of the ZnO in SNHs can be attributed to the profound enhancement of the visible green luminescence. Ferromagnetism of the SNHs is found to be increased nearly five times in magnitude over the primeval α-Fe2O3 NWs, which can be ascribed to the exchange coupling of the interfacial spin at ZnO/α-Fe2O3 interface, the surface spin of ZnO nanolayer, along with the structural defects like the cation vacancies (VZn) and the singly ionized oxygen vacancies (Vo•) present in SNHs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-heterostructures" title="nano-heterostructures">nano-heterostructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoluminescence" title=" photoluminescence"> photoluminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20property" title=" electrical property"> electrical property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetism" title=" magnetism "> magnetism </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15493/multifunctional-1d-a-fe2o3zno-coreshell-semiconductor-nano-heterostructures-heterojunction-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15493.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Beliefs and Rituals among the Urak Lawoi Sea Gypsies in the Bulon Archipelago, Satun Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srisuporn%20Piyaratanawong">Srisuporn Piyaratanawong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suchai%20Assawapantanakul"> Suchai Assawapantanakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to reflect changes in beliefs and rituals among the Urak Lawoi sea gypsies on the Bulon archipelago of Satun Province that are related to changes of society according to each dimension of time. The historical study was conducted using an oral history approach. The study found that the traditional way of life as itinerants who moved seasonally resulted in their dependence on nature and beliefs in supernatural power, and mysterious powers and superstitions in the belief of ghosts, ancestors, guardian spirits, large banyan trees, life and living, treatment of diseases, king of nagas, and other beliefs. They displayed their respect to supernatural powers through rituals by worshiping, making offerings to spirits and performing Rongeng dance for spirits in return for fulfilling their vows. After World War II (1945), the Urak Lawoi sea gypsies on Bulon archipelago changed their itinerant way of life to permanent settlements. However, their beliefs in supernatural powers and ritual performances remained in existence. Until 1987, when tourism began to spread to the archipelago, some of them gradually turned to make a living with tourism. Moreover, during the last 20 years (from around 1994), Islam has spread among the people. With this social context, the traditional beliefs in supernatural powers have changed to beliefs according to the religion and the way of life that has changed. Thus, when the traditional beliefs and rituals can no longer fulfil the new way of life, they slowly disappear, such as the floating the boat ceremony that has been replaced with new beliefs and rituals according to Islam. Nevertheless, some beliefs and rituals still exist, such as beliefs about treatment of diseases and Rongeng dance for spirits in return for vow fulfilling. In conclusion, the traditional beliefs and rituals of the Urak Lawoi sea gypsies on the Bulon archipelago cannot fulfil the new way of life, and have, thus, brought about changes in beliefs and rituals that are congruent with the current society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=belief" title="belief">belief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ritual" title=" ritual"> ritual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urak%20Lawoi" title=" Urak Lawoi"> Urak Lawoi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20gypsy" title=" sea gypsy"> sea gypsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulon%20Archipelago" title=" Bulon Archipelago"> Bulon Archipelago</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3592/beliefs-and-rituals-among-the-urak-lawoi-sea-gypsies-in-the-bulon-archipelago-satun-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> The Didactic Transposition in Brazilian High School Physics Textbooks: A Comparative Study of Didactic Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leandro%20Marcos%20Alves%20Vaz">Leandro Marcos Alves Vaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, we analyze the different approaches to the topic Magnetism of Matter in physics textbooks of Brazilian schools. For this, we compared the approach to the concepts of the magnetic characteristics of materials (diamagnetism, paramagnetism, ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism) in different sources of information and in different levels of education, from Higher Education to High School. In this sense, we used as reference the theory of the Didactic Transposition of Yves Chevallard, a French educational theorist, who conceived in his theory three types of knowledge – Scholarly Knowledge, Knowledge to be taught and Taught Knowledge – related to teaching practice. As a research methodology, from the reading of the works used in teacher training and those destined to basic education students, we compared the treatment of a higher education physics book, a scientific article published in a Brazilian journal of the educational area, and four high school textbooks, in order to establish in which there is a greater or lesser degree of approximation with the knowledge produced by the scholars – scholarly knowledge – or even with the knowledge to be taught (to that found in books intended for teaching). Thus, we evaluated the level of proximity of the subjects conveyed in high school and higher education, as well as the relevance that some textbook authors give to the theme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brazilian%20physics%20books" title="Brazilian physics books">Brazilian physics books</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=didactic%20transposition" title=" didactic transposition"> didactic transposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetism%20of%20matter" title=" magnetism of matter"> magnetism of matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20of%20physics" title=" teaching of physics"> teaching of physics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68437/the-didactic-transposition-in-brazilian-high-school-physics-textbooks-a-comparative-study-of-didactic-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Influence of CA, SR and BA Substitution on lafeo3Performances During Chemical Looping Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rong%20Sun">Rong Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laihong%20Shen"> Laihong Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> La-based perovskite oxygen carriers, especially the doped-La(M)FeO₃, showed excellent performances during chemical looping processes. However, the mechanisms of the undoped and doped La(M)FeO₃ are not clear at present, making the mechanisms clear may help the development of chemical looping technologies. In this paper, the method based on the density function theory (DFT) was used to analysis the influence of Ca, Sr, and Ba doping of La on the electronic structure, while the CO oxidation mechanisms on the surface of LaFeO₃ and Ca-doped LaFeO₃ oxygen carriers were also analyzed. The results showed that the band gap was decreased by the doping of low valence. While the doping of low valence element Ca, Sr, and Ba at La site simultaneously resulted to the moving of the valence band toward high energy and made the valence band cross the Fermi energy level. This was resulted from the holes generated by divalent ion substitution. The holes can change the total magnetization from antiferromagnet to weakly ferromagnetism. The calculation results about the formation of oxygen vacancy showed that substitutions of Ca, Sr, and Ba caused a large drop in oxygen vacancy formation energy, indicating that the bulk oxygen transport was improved. Based on the optimized bulk of the undoped and Ca-doped LaFeO₃(010) surface, the CO adsorption was analyzed. The results indicated that the adsorption energy increased by divalent ion substitution, meaning that the adsorption stability decreased. The results can provide a certain theoretical basis for the development of perovskite oxides in chemical looping technologies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20looping%20technologies" title="chemical looping technologies">chemical looping technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lanthanum%20ferrate%20%28LaFeO%E2%82%83%29" title=" lanthanum ferrate (LaFeO₃)"> lanthanum ferrate (LaFeO₃)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divalent%20ion%20substitution" title=" divalent ion substitution"> divalent ion substitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%20oxidation" title=" CO oxidation"> CO oxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149451/influence-of-ca-sr-and-ba-substitution-on-lafeo3performances-during-chemical-looping-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Meta-Magnetic Properties of LaFe₁₂B₆ Type Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baptiste%20Vallet-Simond">Baptiste Vallet-Simond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%A9opold%20V.%20B.%20Diop"> Léopold V. B. Diop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olivier%20Isnard"> Olivier Isnard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The antiferromagnetic itinerant-electron compound LaFe₁₂B₆ occupies a special place among rare-earth iron-rich intermetallic; it presents exotic magnetic and physical properties. The unusual amplitude-modulated spin configuration defined by a propagation vector k = (¼, ¼, ¼), remarkably weak Fe magnetic moment (0.43 μB) in the antiferromagnetic ground state, especially low magnetic ordering temperature TN = 36 K for an Fe-rich phase, a multicritical point in the complex magnetic phase diagram, both normal and inverse magnetocaloric effects, and huge hydrostatic pressure effects can be highlighted as the most relevant. Both antiferromagnetic (AFM) and paramagnetic (PM) states can be transformed into the ferromagnetic (FM) state via a field-induced first-order metamagnetic transition. Of particular interest is the low-temperature magnetization process. This process is discontinuous and evolves unexpected huge metamagnetic transitions consisting of a succession of steep magnetization jumps separated by plateaus, giving rise to an unusual avalanche-like behavior. The metamagnetic transition is accompanied by giant magnetoresistance and large magnetostriction. In the present work, we report on the intrinsic magnetic properties of the La₁₋ₓPrₓFe₁₂B₆ series of compounds exhibiting sharp metamagnetic transitions. The study of the structural, magnetic, magneto-transport, and magnetostrictive properties of the La₁₋ₓPrₓFe₁₂B₆ system was performed by combining a wide variety of measurement techniques. Magnetic measurements were performed up to µ0H = 10 T. It was found that the proportion of Pr had a strong influence on the magnetic properties of this series of compounds. At x=0.05, the ground state at 2K is that of an antiferromagnet, but the critical transition field Hc has been lowered from Hc = 6T at x = 0 to Hc = 2.5 Tat x=0.05. And starting from x=0.10, the ground state of this series of compounds is a coexistence of AFM and FM parts. At x=0.30, the AFM order has completely vanished, and only the FM part is left. However, we still observe meta-magnetic transitions at higher temperatures (above 100 K for x=0.30) from the paramagnetic (P) state to a forced FM state. And, of course, such transitions are accompanied by strong magneto-caloric, magnetostrictive, and magnetoresistance effects. The Curie temperatures for the probed compositions going from x=0.05 to x=0.30 were spread over the temperature range of 40 K up to 100 K. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metamagnetism" title="metamagnetism">metamagnetism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RMB%20intermetallic" title=" RMB intermetallic"> RMB intermetallic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magneto-transport%20effect" title=" magneto-transport effect"> magneto-transport effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metamagnetic%20transitions" title=" metamagnetic transitions"> metamagnetic transitions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144245/meta-magnetic-properties-of-lafe12b6-type-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144245.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Structural Evolution of Na6Mn(SO4)4 from High-Pressure Synchrotron Powder X-ray Diffraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monalisa%20Pradhan">Monalisa Pradhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajana%20Dutta"> Ajana Dutta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irshad%20Kariyattuparamb%20Abbas"> Irshad Kariyattuparamb Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boby%20Joseph"> Boby Joseph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20N.%20Guru%20Row"> T. N. Guru Row</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diptikanta%20Swain"> Diptikanta Swain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gopal%20K.%20Pradhan"> Gopal K. Pradhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Compounds with the Vanthoffite crystal structure having general formula Na6M(SO₄)₄ (M= Mg, Mn, Ni , Co, Fe, Cu and Zn) display a variety of intriguing physical properties intimately related to their structural arrangements. The compound Na6Mn(SO4)4 shows antiferromagnetic ordering at low temperature where the in-plane Mn-O•••O-Mn interactions facilitates antiferromagnetic ordering via a super-exchange interaction between the Mn atoms through the oxygen atoms . The inter-atomic bond distances and angles can easily be tuned by applying external pressure and can be probed using high resolution X-ray diffraction. Moreover, because the magnetic interaction among the Mn atoms are super-exchange type via Mn-O•••O-Mn path, the variation of the Mn-O•••O-Mn dihedral angle and Mn-O bond distances under high pressure inevitably affects the magnetic properties. Therefore, it is evident that high pressure studies on the magnetically ordered materials would shed light on the interplay between their structural properties and magnetic ordering. This will indeed confirm the role of buckling of the Mn-O polyhedral in understanding the origin of anti-ferromagnetism. In this context, we carried out the pressure dependent X-ray diffraction measurement in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) up to a maximum pressure of 17 GPa to study the phase transition and determine equation of state from the volume compression data. Upon increasing the pressure, we didn’t observe any new diffraction peaks or sudden discontinuity in the pressure dependences of the d values up to the maximum achieved pressure of ~17 GPa. However, it is noticed that beyond 12 GPa the a and b lattice parameters become identical while there is a discontinuity in the β value around the same pressure. This indicates a subtle transition to a pseudo-monoclinic phase. Using the third order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (EOS) to fit the volume compression data for the entire range, we found the bulk modulus (B0) to be 44 GPa. If we consider the subtle transition at 12 GPa, we tried to fit another equation state for the volume beyond 12 GPa using the second order Birch-Murnaghan EOS. This gives a bulk modulus of ~ 34 GPa for this phase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineral" title="mineral">mineral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20phase%20transition" title=" structural phase transition"> structural phase transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20pressure%20XRD" title=" high pressure XRD"> high pressure XRD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectroscopy" title=" spectroscopy"> spectroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176683/structural-evolution-of-na6mnso44-from-high-pressure-synchrotron-powder-x-ray-diffraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Room Temperature Electron Spin Resonance and Raman Study of Nanocrystalline Zn(1-x)Cu(x)O (0.005 < x < 0.05) Synthesized by Pyrophoric Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayashree%20Das">Jayashree Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20V.%20Srinivasu"> V. V. Srinivasu </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20K.%20Mishra"> D. K. Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Maity"> A. Maity</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Owing to the important potential applications over decades, transition metal (TM: Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Cr, V etc.) doped ZnO-based diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) always attract research attention for more and newer investigations. One of the interesting aspects of these materials is to study and understand the magnetic property at room temperature properly, which is very crucial to select a material for any related application. In this regard, Electron spin resonance (ESR) study has been proven to be a powerful technique to investigate the spin dynamics of electrons inside the system, which are responsible for the magnetic behaviour of any system. ESR as well as the Raman and Photoluminescence spectroscopy studies are also helpful to study the defects present or created inside the system in the form of oxygen vacancy or cluster instrumental in determining the room temperature ferromagnetic property of transition metal doped ZnO system, which can be controlled through varying dopant concentration, appropriate synthesis technique and sintering of the samples. For our investigation, we synthesised Cu-doped ZnO nanocrystalline samples with composition Zn1-xCux ( 0.005< x < 0.05) by pyrophoric method and sintered at a low temperature of 650 0C. The microwave absorption is studied by the Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) of X-band (9.46 GHz) at room temperature. Systematic analysis of the obtained ESR spectra reveals that all the compositions of Cu-doped ZnO samples exhibit resonance signals of appreciable line widths and g value ~ 2.2, typical characteristic of ferromagnetism in the sample. Raman scattering and the photoluminescence study performed on the samples clearly indicated the presence of pronounced defect related peaks in the respective spectra. Cu doping in ZnO with varying concentration also observed to affect the optical band gap and the respective absorption edges in the UV-Vis spectra. FTIR spectroscopy reveals the Cu doping effect on the stretching bonds of ZnO. To probe into the structural and morphological changes incurred by Cu doping, we have performed XRD, SEM and EDX study, which confirms adequate Cu substitution without any significant impurity phase formation or lattice disorder. With proper explanation, we attempt to correlate the results observed for the structural optical and magnetic behaviour of the Cu-doped ZnO samples. We also claim that our result can be instrumental for appropriate applications of transition metal doped ZnO based DMS in the field of optoelectronics and Spintronics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diluted%20magnetic%20semiconductors" title="diluted magnetic semiconductors">diluted magnetic semiconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20spin%20resonance" title=" electron spin resonance"> electron spin resonance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=raman%20scattering" title=" raman scattering"> raman scattering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spintronics." title=" spintronics."> spintronics.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45298/room-temperature-electron-spin-resonance-and-raman-study-of-nanocrystalline-zn1-xcuxo-0005-x-005-synthesized-by-pyrophoric-method" class="btn btn-primary 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